JP2017169493A - Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivation method and plant cultivation apparatus, which are capable of supplying a large number of seedlings with high productivity and capable of labor-saving planting of seedlings and cleaning after plant harvesting.SOLUTION: According to the present invention, there is provided a plant cultivation method comprising the steps of: seeding plants on two piled water-absorbing sheets 10; bending the two piled water-absorbing sheets 10 seeded with plants, holding them in a state of being adjacent to each other to raise seedlings; and placing the two piled water-absorbing sheets 10 raised at a planting position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method, a plant cultivation apparatus, and a belt-like sheet.

  In recent years, in the cultivation of tomatoes and the like, a low-stage dense planting cultivation method has been proposed as a method for producing fruits uniformly with high quality.

  In general, tomatoes are planted in seedlings that have been sown and planted at 30-50 cm intervals with the first inflorescences oriented in the same direction, and then cultivated for about one half year to one year. ~ 12 steps of flower buds are grown. After each flower constituting these inflorescences is blossomed, fruits are produced by pollination of each flower.

  On the other hand, the dense planting method is a method in which seedlings are planted at intervals of 30 cm or less, and then, in a cultivation period of about 3 to 6 months, easy-to-manage 1 to 5 stages of fruit bunches are achieved. It is. Thereby, compared with the conventional cultivation method, the competition between flower clusters can be reduced, and a fruit can be produced uniformly with high quality. Moreover, since the dense planting method repeats a simple and patterned growth process, there is an advantage that the stability of cultivation is obtained (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1).

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a hexagonal cylindrical individual bowl formed by developing a thin film such as paper or paper is connected as a connecting piece to form a continuous body, and the continuous body is overlapped. A continuous assembling pot for transplanting seedlings in which the stacked continuous bodies are adhered with a water-soluble adhesive is disclosed. At this time, both sides in the width direction of the thin film made of a rectangle, each approximately 1/4 width is folded back to the same single side, and bonded with a water-soluble adhesive to form a connection piece, the direction of the connection piece facing the folded portion In a zigzag pattern, both ends of the connecting pieces in the width direction are adhered to the connecting pieces facing each other with a water-insoluble adhesive to form a continuous body, and between the connecting pieces facing the connecting pieces, individual bowls Form the body.

JP 2013-102738 A JP 2007-129968 A

New production of tomatoes by low-level dense planting, Research report on vegetable tea industry, 3, 91-98 (2006)

  Here, the dense planting method has a shorter cultivation period than the conventional cultivation method, so that the number of planting is increased and it is necessary to produce a large amount of seedlings.

  On the other hand, the dense planting method has a problem that it is difficult to save labor because the number of times of planting the seedling of the next crop is increased in addition to the increase in clean-up after harvesting the plant.

  Moreover, since the continuous collection pot body for raising seedling transplantation of Patent Document 2 is filled with the cultivated soil and sown, there is a problem that it is difficult to supply a large amount of seedlings with high productivity.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a plant that can solve the above-described problems, can supply a large amount of seedlings with high productivity, and can save labor in planting seedlings and cleaning up after harvesting the plants. An object is to provide a cultivation method, a plant cultivation apparatus, and a belt-like sheet.

(1) A step of sowing a plant on a belt-like sheet, a step of raising a seedling by bending the belt-like sheet sowing the plant and keeping them adjacent to each other, and placing the seedling of the belt-like sheet on the planting position The plant cultivation method characterized by including the process to set.
(2) The plant-cultivating method according to (1), wherein the belt-shaped sheet is a double-layered water-absorbing sheet, and the plant is sown between the double-layered water-absorbing sheets. .
(3) The plant cultivation method according to (1) or (2), wherein a root shielding member is provided between the adjacent bent sheets.
(4) The plant cultivation method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the planting position is on a water absorbing sheet placed on a planting table.
(5) The plant cultivation method according to any one of (1) to (4), which is a low-stage dense planting cultivation method.
(6) The plant cultivation method according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the plant is a tomato.
(7) A strip-shaped sheet that can be planted and bent, a seedling member for raising seedlings by bending the strip-shaped sheet sowing the plant and holding them adjacent to each other, and the strip-shaped sheet that has been grown A plant cultivating apparatus comprising a mounting member that mounts a plant at a planting position.
(8) A belt-shaped sheet that can be planted and bent, and is a double-layered water-absorbing sheet, and the plant is sown between the two-layered water-absorbing sheets, and the sowing position A belt-like sheet characterized by a mark as a guideline.
(9) The belt-like sheet according to (8), which has a perforation for individually separating the seedlings that have been raised.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation apparatus that can supply a large amount of seedlings with high productivity and can save labor in planting seedlings and cleaning up after harvesting plants. In addition, a belt-like sheet can be provided.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the strip | belt-shaped sheet | seat for sowing of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the seedling raising member of this embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the fixed planting member of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the seedling grown by the fixed planting member of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the fixed planting member of this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The plant cultivation method of the present embodiment includes a step of sowing a plant in a belt-like sheet, a step of raising a seedling by bending the belt-like sheet sowing the plant and holding them adjacent to each other, and a seedling of the belt-like sheet Including a step of placing the planting position.

  The plant cultivation apparatus of the present embodiment includes a belt-like sheet that can be planted and bent, a seedling member that raises the seedling by holding the belt-like sheet sowing the plant and holding them adjacent to each other, It has the mounting member which mounts the strip | belt-shaped sheet | seat in the planting position.

  The belt-like sheet of the present embodiment is a belt-like sheet that can be planted and bent, and is a double-layered water-absorbent sheet, and the plant is sowed between the double-layered water-absorbent sheets. And marked as a guide for sowing position.

  In FIG. 1, the water-absorbing sheet 10 made into two sheets is shown as an example of the strip | belt-shaped sheet | seat for sowing of this embodiment.

  The two water-absorbing sheets 10 are joined in the length direction. Then, seeding is carried out by sandwiching the seed between the two water-absorbing sheets 10 stacked one upon another. Since the two water-absorbing sheets 10 have the joining portion 11 in the length direction, the seeded seed is pressed by the joining portion 11 and does not fall off to the opposite side of the opening at the sowing position.

  In addition, on the surface of the water-absorbing sheet 10, a mark 12 as a guide for the sowing position is printed. Thereby, when a person seeds | inoculates the water absorbing sheet 10 piled up by two sheets, it becomes easy to sow at equal intervals by visually observing the mark of the sowing position.

  Since the water absorbent sheet 10 is a material excellent in water content and hydrophilicity, irrigation is easy, and labor saving such as automation of irrigation is possible.

  In addition, by improving the flexibility of the water absorbent sheet 10, the workability of placing the two water absorbent sheets 10 on the seedling tray and the planting of seedlings is improved, and the roots extended from the seeds make the water absorbent sheet 10 better. It becomes easy to pass through and the growth of seedlings is promoted.

  Although it will not specifically limit as a material which comprises the water absorbing sheet | seat 10 if a plant can be seed | inoculated and it can be bent, For example, a polyester-type synthetic fiber etc. are mentioned.

  The material constituting the water absorbent sheet 10 may have biodegradability.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the water absorbent sheet 10 has a white color tone. By making the water-absorbent sheet 10 white, the surface easily reflects light, and the reflected light improves the light irradiation environment of seedlings particularly at the early stage of seedling raising, and photosynthesis is accelerated. That is, since a conventional seedling pot using soil easily absorbs light, it is possible to improve the growth of seedlings as compared to those seedling growing devices. And since the seedlings grown using the two water-absorbing sheets 10 are grown without using the soil, root pots are not formed, the planting is well established after planting, and the subsequent growth is also improved.

  The size of the water-absorbent sheet 10 is usually about 4 cm in width and about 2 mm in thickness, although it depends on the type of plant to be seeded. Although the length of the water absorbing sheet 10 depends on the size of the seedling tray, it is economical to cut and use a water absorbing sheet having a length of about 50 m as appropriate.

  Moreover, the joining position and joining interval of the two water-absorbing sheets 10 that are stacked depend on the size of the seeds of the plant to be raised and the thickness of the roots. For example, when cultivating tomatoes, the joining position is preferably about 5 mm from the end, and the joining interval is preferably about 3 mm.

  The water absorbing sheet 10 is preferably provided with perforations for separating the seedlings that have been raised. Thereby, it may be possible to plant efficiently, and clean up after harvesting the plant may be easy.

  A perforation refers to a continuous small hole in which the water absorbent sheet 10 is easily separated. The perforation may also serve as a mark 12 that serves as a guide for the sowing position.

  In addition, the form of the strip | belt-shaped sheet | seat for sowing is not limited to the water absorption sheet | seat piled up two sheets. For example, a sponge-like water-absorbing sheet may be used to sow inside the sponge holes. Moreover, it is good also as a sheet of cheap non-water-absorbing films as a water-absorbing sheet in which only two sowing locations are stacked.

  In the present embodiment, the seedlings are planted by bending the belt-like sheets seeded with plants and holding them adjacent to each other.

  In FIG. 2, the seedling raising tray 20 is shown as an example of the seedling raising member of this embodiment.

  Inside the seedling tray 20, root shield plates 21 are arranged so that gaps are left and right alternately. Then, the seeded two water-absorbing sheets 10 were folded into a ninety-nine fold shape by bending at the gap portion of the root shield 21. In addition, the two water-absorbing sheets 10 that are stacked are held in a state perpendicular to the bottom surface of the seedling tray, and are installed so that the root shield plate 21 is positioned between adjacent sheets. At this time, the two water-absorbing sheets 10 are held in the seedling tray 20 with the direction of the gap at the time of sowing facing up. Thereby, since the seed sowed is held by the joining portion 11 of the two water-absorbing sheets 10 stacked, it is prevented that the seeds fall off to the outside of the two water-absorbing sheets 10 stacked. Further, the two water-absorbing sheets 10 that are stacked can be prevented from being inhibited from growing the seedling S by being joined at such a sparse interval that the roots extending from the seed can pass through.

  The shape of bending the two water absorbent sheets 10 is not limited to the ninety-five folds as long as the two water absorbent sheets 10 can be adjacent to each other, and may be a spiral or the like. Also good.

  In the present embodiment, the culture solution is supplied to the inside of the seedling tray 20 to raise seedlings. And the bud and root which germinated from the seed | species extend toward the exterior from the opening part of the water-absorbing sheet 10 made into two sheets, or the surface of the water-absorbing sheet 10. Here, the root grows by absorbing the culture solution held by the water absorbing sheet 10 and the culture solution inside the seedling tray 20, and the leaves grow by absorbing light.

  As a material constituting the seedling tray 20 and the root shield plate 21, for example, a resin can be used, but in addition, a water retention material can be used.

  Examples of the water retaining material include porous ceramics, resin having continuous pores, diatomaceous earth plate, composite material sprayed with pearlite, and the like.

  Since the plant cultivation method of this embodiment can grow the high-density seedling S in the seedling tray 20 by a simple method as described above, a large amount of the seedling S can be supplied with high productivity. .

  In the present embodiment, the band-shaped sheet that has been nurtured is placed at the planting position.

  In FIG. 3, the cultivation tank 30 is shown as an example of the fixed planting member of this embodiment.

  The planting surface of the planting table 31 is provided at a position exceeding the surface of the culture solution L inside the cultivation tank 30. A water absorbing sheet 32 is placed on the planting table 31, and a water-permeable root shielding sheet 33 is laid thereon. Thereby, the culture solution L is supplied to the seedling S through the root shielding sheet 33, the water absorbing sheet 32, and the water absorbing sheet 10.

  Here, the culture solution L is supplied to the inside of the cultivation tank 30 using the supply pipe 34, and the culture solution L is circulated inside the cultivation tank 30.

  A lid 35 can be optionally provided on the top of the cultivation tank 30. The lid 35 prevents light from being applied to the culture solution L in the cultivation tank 30, and can thereby prevent the occurrence of water pupae. Moreover, by making the color tone of the lid | cover 35 into a white type | system | group, the surface becomes easy to reflect light, The light irradiation environment of a plant is improved with the reflected light, and photosynthesis can be accelerated.

  Moreover, it is preferable not to provide the lid 35 on the upper part of the cultivation tank 30 in the initial stage of planting. Thereby, the light irradiation environment to a seedling is improved by the reflected light at the time of using the white water-absorbing sheet 10, and the survival of the planted seedling can be improved.

  Note that the culture solution L may be periodically supplied using the supply pipe 34.

  As the water absorbing sheet 32, it is preferable to use a material excellent in water content, flexibility and hydrophilicity.

  As the root shield sheet 33, it is preferable to use a material having excellent root prevention properties in addition to water content, flexibility and hydrophilicity. Thereby, the post-cleaning after harvesting the plant can be further labor-saving.

  In the present embodiment, the seedling S that has been nurtured is placed on the water absorbing sheet 32 in a straight line by returning the seedling of the two water-absorbing sheets 10 that have been nurtured to an unbent state. Thereby, the planting of the seedling S can be labor-saving. Here, by placing the grown seedlings S on the water absorbent sheet 32 in a straight line, it becomes easy to harvest the cultivated plants.

  In addition, arrangement | positioning of the seedling S raised on the water absorption sheet 32 is not limited to linear form, According to the state of the space to mount, etc., it is triangular shape, square shape, curvilinear shape, ninety-nine fold shape Alternatively, a spiral shape or the like may be used.

  When the two water absorbent sheets 10 are placed on the water absorbent sheet 32, the surface of the water absorbent sheet 10 is made parallel to the surface of the water absorbent sheet 32. In this case, if the seedling S grows, the roots naturally face downward and the buds face upward.

  When the two water-absorbing sheets 10 are placed on the water-absorbing sheet 32, the surface of the water-absorbing sheet 10 may be perpendicular to the surface of the water-absorbing sheet 32, the roots may be on the lower side, and the buds may be on the upper side. .

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the seedlings S grow on the fixed planting table 31 at regular intervals in a row. In FIG. 4, as the lid 35 of the cultivation tank 30, a seedling S having an opening is used. However, the seedling S can be planted more easily and can be easily aligned with the seedling S. In order to do this, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that the seedling S is grown from the side of the lid 51.

  The plant cultivation method of this embodiment is easy to clean up after harvesting the plant. That is, the post-cleaning can be accomplished by simply peeling off the two water-absorbing sheets 10 from the surface of the fixed planting table 31, so that the post-cleaning after the plant is harvested can be saved. In particular, when the surface of the fixed planting table 31 is covered with the root shielding sheet 33, it becomes easier to separate the water-absorbing sheet 10 from the surface of the fixed planting table 31 so that it is cleaned up after harvesting the plant. Can be further labor-saving.

  The plant cultivation method and plant cultivation apparatus of this embodiment can be applied to both conventional cultivation methods such as hydroponics cultivation methods and dense planting cultivation methods, but can produce fruits with high quality and uniformity. Therefore, it is preferable to apply to the low-stage dense planting cultivation method.

  Although it does not specifically limit as a plant which can be cultivated using the plant cultivation method and plant cultivation apparatus of this embodiment, The plant etc. whose growth conditions are similar to a tomato are mentioned.

  Hereinafter, although the example demonstrates the plant cultivation method of this invention, the plant cultivation method of this invention is not limited to an Example.

  In this example, white germ guard 7210S (manufactured by Toyobo STC) was used as the water absorbent sheet 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, two water-absorbing sheets 10 having a width of 4 cm, a length of 9 m, and a thickness of 2 mm are overlapped, and joined in a dotted manner in the length direction at intervals of 3 mm at a position 5 mm from the end. Thus, the joint portion 11 was formed. Moreover, the mark 12 used as the standard of a seeding position was printed on the water absorbing sheet 10 at intervals of 10 cm in the length direction.

  Tomato (variety: Momotaro) was sown at a place where a mark 12 serving as a standard of the sowing position between the two water-absorbing sheets 10 was printed.

  Next, on the resin seedling tray 20 having a width of 30 cm and a length of 60 cm, as shown in FIG. 2, the two water-absorbing sheets 10 are bent into ninety-nine folds and held adjacent to each other. . At this time, the two water-absorbing sheets 10 were held on the seedling tray 20 so that the side on which the tomato was sown was up. In the seedling tray 20, a resin plate is provided as the root shield plate 21 so as to be positioned between adjacent sheets. Here, 29 resin plates are provided at intervals of 2 cm.

  And after watering the seedling tray 20, the seedlings were grown using artificial lighting by simultaneous irradiation of the red LED and the blue LED. In addition, after the cotyledon developed, a thin culture solution (EC 0.8 dS / m) was given. 23 days after sowing the tomatoes, when 4 to 5 true leaves have come out, the double-layered water-absorbing sheet 10 is returned to an unbent state, and the fixed planting table of the cultivation tank 30 in the agricultural house. In 31, the seedlings S that were raised were placed in a straight line.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cultivation tank has a width of 50 cm, a depth of 15 cm, and a length of 10 m, and a white germ guard 7210S (manufactured by Toyobo STC Co., Ltd.) is placed on the fixed planting table 31 as a water absorbing sheet 32. A white root-proof water-permeable sheet BKS0812 (manufactured by Toyobo STC Co., Ltd.) was laid thereon as the root-shielding sheet 33. The inter-strain distance was 10 cm, which is the same as the interval between the marks 12 as a guide for the sowing position, and the water-absorbing sheet 10 was placed in parallel with the water-absorbing sheet 32.

  After the two water-absorbing sheets 10 are placed on the planting table 31, the culture solution L (EC1.8 dS / m) is given, sunlight is irradiated during the day, and red and blue LEDs are used at night. Artificial lighting by simultaneous irradiation was supplemented. In addition, although the lid | cover 35 was not provided in the cultivation tank 30 for 3 days after planting, the white lid | cover 35 was provided in the cultivation tank 30 from the 4th day after planting.

  38 days after placing the two water-absorbing sheets 10 on the planting table 31, the three flowers of the first inflorescence have blossomed, so the fruiting hormone is sprayed, leaving the first and second leaves on the first inflorescence. I plucked.

  75 days after the two water-absorbing sheets 10 were placed on the planting table 31, the tomatoes were harvested, harvested for about 40 days, and then cleaned up. The clean-up was simple, simply peeling off the two water-absorbing sheets 10 from the root shielding sheet 33 on the planting table 31.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water absorption sheet 11 Junction part 12 Mark as a standard of seeding position 20 Nursery tray 21 Root shield plate 30 Cultivation tank 31 Planting stand 32 Water absorption sheet 33 Root shield sheet 34 Supply pipe 35, 51 Lid L

Claims (9)

Sowing a plant on a belt-shaped sheet;
Bending the belt-shaped sheet sowed with the plant, holding the plants adjacent to each other, and raising seedlings;
The plant cultivation method characterized by including the process of mounting this seedling band-shaped sheet | seat in a fixed planting position. The band-shaped sheet is a water-absorbing sheet in which two sheets are stacked,
The plant cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is sown between the two water-absorbing sheets stacked.   The plant cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein a root shielding member is provided between the adjacent bent strip-shaped sheets.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the planting position is on a water absorbent sheet placed on a planting table.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant cultivation method is a low-stage dense planting cultivation method.   The plant cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant is a tomato. A belt-like sheet that can be planted and bent;
A seedling raising member for raising seedlings by bending the belt-like sheet sowing the plants and holding them adjacent to each other;
A plant cultivating apparatus comprising a mounting member for mounting the seedling strip-shaped sheet on a planting position. A strip-shaped sheet that can be planted and bent,
It is a water-absorbing sheet made up of two sheets,
The plant is sown between the two water-absorbing sheets,
A belt-like sheet characterized by being marked with a reference for sowing position.   The belt-like sheet according to claim 8, further comprising a perforation for separating the seedlings that have been raised.

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