JP2016073139A - Permanent magnet type rotary electric machine and vertical washing machine - Google Patents
Permanent magnet type rotary electric machine and vertical washing machine Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016073139A JP2016073139A JP2014202737A JP2014202737A JP2016073139A JP 2016073139 A JP2016073139 A JP 2016073139A JP 2014202737 A JP2014202737 A JP 2014202737A JP 2014202737 A JP2014202737 A JP 2014202737A JP 2016073139 A JP2016073139 A JP 2016073139A
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は集中巻固定子を採用した永久磁石式回転電機およびそれを用いた洗濯機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine employing a concentrated winding stator and a washing machine using the same.
洗濯機の回転翼を駆動する回転電機にはインバータ駆動の永久磁石式回転電機が採用されている。特に縦型洗濯機において、ダイレクトドライブ方式の回転電機はモータ体格が大きくなり、ひいては洗濯機が重たくなる不具合がある。また、ベルト駆動方式の回転電機は高速化を図れば図るほど体格が小さくなるメリットがある。しかしながら、磁石回転子の回転子鉄心の強度が問題となり、高速化の限界がある。これに対し、ベルト+減速ギヤ駆動方式はそれほどの高速化を図らなくても良いが、体格上多極化できないので電機子反作用の影響が大きく、騒音が大きくなる問題があった。この対策として、電機子反作用を抑える対策として、回転子鉄心の磁極鉄心中にスリットを形成させる方法が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。また、ティースの固定子磁極鉄心中に漏れ磁束を低減する漏れ磁束抑制孔を設けることにより、誘起電圧波形を正弦波に近付け、電機子反作用を低減することが提案されている(特許文献2参)。 An inverter-driven permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine is adopted as the rotating electrical machine that drives the rotating blades of the washing machine. In particular, in a vertical washing machine, a direct drive type rotating electric machine has a problem that the motor size is large and the washing machine becomes heavy. Further, the belt-driven rotating electrical machine has an advantage that the physique becomes smaller as the speed is increased. However, the strength of the rotor core of the magnet rotor becomes a problem, and there is a limit to speeding up. On the other hand, the belt + reduction gear drive system does not need to increase the speed as much, but there is a problem that the influence of the armature reaction is large and the noise becomes large because the body cannot be multipolarized. As a countermeasure against this, as a countermeasure for suppressing the armature reaction, a method of forming a slit in the magnetic pole core of the rotor core has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). Further, it has been proposed to reduce the armature reaction by making the induced voltage waveform close to a sine wave by providing a leakage flux suppression hole in the stator magnetic pole iron core of the teeth to reduce the leakage flux (see Patent Document 2). ).
特許文献1記載の従来技術では、分布巻線の固定子を採用した回転電機にあって、回転子鉄心の磁極鉄心にスリットを形成し、固定子巻線のインダクタンスを小さくして出力が向上する。反面、スリットを形成することによって回転子鉄心の機械的強度が低下するため、永久磁石の両サイド端部の外周側鉄心幅を大きくする必要がある場合には却って出力が低下する可能性があった。 In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, in a rotating electrical machine employing a distributed winding stator, a slit is formed in the magnetic core of the rotor core, and the inductance of the stator winding is reduced to improve the output. . On the other hand, since the mechanical strength of the rotor core decreases due to the formation of slits, the output may decrease if it is necessary to increase the width of the outer peripheral core of both side ends of the permanent magnet. It was.
特許文献2記載の従来技術では、ティースのポールシュー部に磁束の流れを抑制する孔を形成し、誘起電圧をより正弦波に近付ける方法が提案されている。しかし、洗濯機に使用される回転電機などは容量も大きく、常に負荷状態で運転されるため、誘起電圧ではなく実負荷時の電圧を正弦波にしないとインバータから供給される電圧波形と、回転電機の発生電圧波形の間に偏差が生じ、インバータから回転電機に高調波電流が流れ、回転電機が脈動トルクを発生して騒音などの問題を発生させる可能性がある。 In the prior art described in Patent Document 2, a method is proposed in which a hole for suppressing the flow of magnetic flux is formed in the pole shoe portion of the tooth so that the induced voltage is made closer to a sine wave. However, since the rotating electrical machines used in washing machines have a large capacity and are always operated in a load state, the voltage waveform supplied from the inverter and the rotation speed must be changed to the sine wave instead of the induced voltage. Deviations occur between the voltage waveforms generated by the electric machine, and harmonic current flows from the inverter to the rotating electric machine, which may generate pulsating torque and cause problems such as noise.
本発明の目的は、回転子鉄心の機械的強度を保ちつつ出力を向上させた永久磁石式回転電機とこれを用いた洗濯機を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine that has improved output while maintaining the mechanical strength of a rotor core, and a washing machine using the same.
上記の目的を解決するために、本発明は、固定子鉄心に形成された複数のスロット内にティースを取り囲むように集中巻の電機子巻線が施された固定子を有し、回転子鉄心に形成された複数の永久磁石挿入孔に永久磁石が納められた回転子が、前記固定子の内周に所定のギャップを介して回転自在に支承された永久磁石式回転電機において、前記回転子鉄心に埋め込んだ円弧状の前記永久磁石の径方向中心軸をd軸、それと電気角で90度離れた軸をq軸とした時、前記永久磁石の前記回転子外周側の回転子磁極鉄心に径方向へ長いd軸スリットを設け、q軸側の回転子鉄心の外周側の一部を内径側へ凹ませて形成した磁気ブリッジを有し、q軸線上にあって前記永久磁石の間あるいは前記永久磁石の内径側に、円状あるいは楕円状のq軸スリットを形成し、前記磁気ブリッジの外周側と前記d軸スリットと前記q軸スリットとを射出成形によってモールドし、前記回転子の軸方向両端側と前記d軸スリットと前記q軸スリットとをモールド連結した。 In order to solve the above-described object, the present invention has a stator in which concentrated armature windings are provided so as to surround teeth in a plurality of slots formed in the stator core, and the rotor core In the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, in which a rotor in which permanent magnets are housed in a plurality of permanent magnet insertion holes formed in the rotor is rotatably supported through a predetermined gap on the inner periphery of the stator, the rotor When the central axis in the radial direction of the arc-shaped permanent magnet embedded in the iron core is the d axis and the axis that is 90 degrees apart from the electrical angle is the q axis, the rotor magnet core on the rotor outer circumference side of the permanent magnet A d-axis slit that is long in the radial direction is provided, and a magnetic bridge formed by denting a part of the outer peripheral side of the q-axis side rotor core to the inner diameter side is provided between the permanent magnets or on the q-axis. On the inner diameter side of the permanent magnet, a circular or elliptical q-axis The outer peripheral side of the magnetic bridge, the d-axis slit, and the q-axis slit are molded by injection molding, and both axial ends of the rotor, the d-axis slit, and the q-axis slit are molded. The mold was connected.
本発明の形態によれば、磁気ブリッジの遠心力強度を高まるため、磁気ブリッジの外周面に磁気ブリッジ幅が薄くなるように凹凸を形成することが可能となり、結果として、永久磁石の漏れ磁束が低減して出力が向上した永久磁石式回転電機と、これを用いた縦型洗濯機を提供できる。 According to the aspect of the present invention, since the centrifugal force strength of the magnetic bridge is increased, it is possible to form irregularities on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic bridge so that the magnetic bridge width is thin, and as a result, the leakage flux of the permanent magnet is reduced. It is possible to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine with reduced output and an improved vertical washing machine using the same.
以下、本発明の実施形態について、図1〜図11を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図8には縦型洗濯機50の一例を示し、外枠51、外枠51を下から支持する外枠ベース52、外枠51の上に設けられたトップカバー53、トップカバー53の開閉自在に係る蓋体54を有する。外槽55は外枠51の上側内部に設けたコーナ支持部58より垂下する吊棒57に防振ばね28を介して防振支持される。
洗濯槽59は外槽55内に回転自在に置かれる。洗濯脱水用の電動機は永久磁石式回転電機1であり、外槽55の底側下面に確実に固定されている。永久磁石式回転電機1の軸端には駆動プ−リ67が締結される。
FIG. 8 shows an example of the vertical washing machine 50. The outer frame 51, the outer frame base 52 that supports the outer frame 51 from below, the top cover 53 provided on the outer frame 51, and the top cover 53 can be freely opened and closed. The lid body 54 is provided. The outer tub 55 is supported by a suspension rod 57 suspended from a corner support 58 provided inside the upper side of the outer frame 51 via a vibration isolation spring 28.
The washing tub 59 is rotatably placed in the outer tub 55. The electric motor for washing and dehydrating is the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 and is securely fixed to the bottom side lower surface of the outer tub 55. A drive pulley 67 is fastened to the shaft end of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1.
撹拌翼61は洗濯槽59内に回転自在に設置され、ギヤケース64は外槽55の外側下面で撹拌翼61の真下に固定される。ギヤケース64の下部に設けたクラッチ63は従動プーリ65を有する。従動プーリ65と駆動プーリ67に掛け渡したベルト62を介して回転電機1の回転はクラッチ63に伝わり、永久磁石式回転電機1の回転はギヤケース64のギヤ66に伝えられる。 The stirring blade 61 is rotatably installed in the washing tub 59, and the gear case 64 is fixed directly below the stirring blade 61 on the outer lower surface of the outer tub 55. The clutch 63 provided at the lower part of the gear case 64 has a driven pulley 65. The rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1 is transmitted to the clutch 63 via the belt 62 spanned between the driven pulley 65 and the driving pulley 67, and the rotation of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 is transmitted to the gear 66 of the gear case 64.
ギヤケース64の内側出力軸には撹拌翼61が締結され、外側出力軸には洗濯槽59が締結されている。 A stirring blade 61 is fastened to the inner output shaft of the gear case 64, and a washing tub 59 is fastened to the outer output shaft.
永久磁石式回転電機1の駆動回転はクラッチ(回転伝達切り替え手段)63で切り替えられる。クラッチ(回転伝達切り替え手段)63の切り替えで永久磁石式回転電機1の回転が撹拌翼61に伝達されたり、洗濯槽59と撹拌翼61に伝達されたりする。 The drive rotation of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 is switched by a clutch (rotation transmission switching means) 63. The rotation of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 is transmitted to the stirring blade 61 or the washing tub 59 and the stirring blade 61 by switching the clutch (rotation transmission switching means) 63.
撹拌翼61の撹拌回転で洗濯槽59内の洗濯物が洗濯される。洗濯槽59の高速回転で洗濯槽59内の洗濯物は遠心脱水が行われる。 The laundry in the washing tub 59 is washed by the stirring rotation of the stirring blade 61. The laundry in the washing tub 59 is centrifugally dehydrated by the high-speed rotation of the washing tub 59.
洗濯物の脱水では回転電機1が高速で回転し、洗濯槽59の胴体に設けた脱水穴68から遠心脱水が行われる。洗濯槽59は上部にバランサー60を備えているので、遠心脱水時、洗濯物の片寄りによるアンバランス発生時の異常振動が緩和される。 In the dehydration of the laundry, the rotating electrical machine 1 rotates at a high speed, and centrifugal dehydration is performed from the dewatering hole 68 provided in the body of the washing tub 59. Since the washing tub 59 is provided with the balancer 60 in the upper part, abnormal vibrations at the time of centrifugal dehydration when an imbalance occurs due to the deviation of the laundry are alleviated.
蓋体54は洗濯槽59の上部に設けた開口部を開閉し、洗濯物を出し入れする。 The lid 54 opens and closes an opening provided in the upper part of the washing tub 59 and puts in and out the laundry.
コントロール基板69はトップカバー53に設けられ、コントロール基板69の表面には操作パネル70があり、洗濯機50の運転操作が行える。 The control board 69 is provided on the top cover 53, and an operation panel 70 is provided on the surface of the control board 69 so that the washing machine 50 can be operated.
水位センサ−71はトップカバー53の裏側に配置される。圧力チューブ72を介して水位センサ−71はエアートラップ73の空気室に通じている。外槽55内に貯留する洗濯水の水位は水圧の変化により水位センサ−71により検知され、その水位情報はコントロール基板69に提供され、給水がコントロールされる。 The water level sensor 71 is disposed on the back side of the top cover 53. The water level sensor 71 communicates with the air chamber of the air trap 73 through the pressure tube 72. The water level of the washing water stored in the outer tub 55 is detected by the water level sensor 71 by a change in water pressure, and the water level information is provided to the control board 69 to control the water supply.
注水ケース74は給水電磁弁75を介して給水ホース76に接続される。給水ホース76は水道水供給の蛇口に接続される。水道水は給水電磁弁75の開放によって注水ケース74を通じて洗濯槽59に注がれる。 The water injection case 74 is connected to a water supply hose 76 via a water supply electromagnetic valve 75. The water supply hose 76 is connected to a tap for supplying tap water. The tap water is poured into the washing tub 59 through the water pouring case 74 when the water supply electromagnetic valve 75 is opened.
外槽カバー77は外槽55の上部に設けられる。注水ケース74から流出する水道水が洗濯槽59の外側にはずしても外側カバー77にガイドされ機外に流出して床面を濡らさないような構成となっており、全ての供給された水は洗濯槽59に注がれる。 The outer tank cover 77 is provided on the upper part of the outer tank 55. Even if tap water flowing out of the water injection case 74 is removed from the outside of the washing tub 59, it is guided by the outer cover 77 and flows out of the machine so as not to wet the floor surface. It is poured into the washing tub 59.
排水電磁弁78は排水ホース79を介して外槽55の底部に設けた排水口に連通させる。洗濯やすすぎで使った水は排水電磁弁78の開放で排水ホース79を通じて機外へ排出される。 The drain electromagnetic valve 78 is communicated with a drain outlet provided at the bottom of the outer tub 55 via a drain hose 79. Water used for washing and rinsing is discharged outside the machine through the drainage hose 79 when the drainage solenoid valve 78 is opened.
上述した縦型洗濯機50の駆動源である永久磁石式回転電機1は、固定子2と回転子3とから構成される。固定子2は、固定子鉄心4とそれに施された複数のスロット5(図では9個)と、これらのスロット5で分割されたティース6とを備えている。電機子巻線7(U相巻線7A、V相巻線7B、W相巻線7Cからなる)は、複数のスロット5に巻装された集中巻線である。スロット5の内径側がスロット開口部8であり、ティース6の内径側には円状の固定子スリット9(9aと9b)を設けている。 A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 that is a drive source of the above-described vertical washing machine 50 includes a stator 2 and a rotor 3. The stator 2 includes a stator core 4, a plurality of slots 5 (9 in the drawing) provided on the stator core 4, and teeth 6 divided by these slots 5. The armature winding 7 (consisting of a U-phase winding 7A, a V-phase winding 7B, and a W-phase winding 7C) is a concentrated winding wound around the plurality of slots 5. An inner diameter side of the slot 5 is a slot opening 8, and a circular stator slit 9 (9 a and 9 b) is provided on the inner diameter side of the tooth 6.
さらに、ティース6の内径側の内周面にはティース6の周方向両側に延びた磁極片も含めてベベリングを施している。この固定子スリット9の9aと9b間の角度をθ1、ベベリングの開始点の角度をθ2、ティース6のピッチ角度をθ3とした時、θ1>θ2>θ3とし、ここではθ1×2=θ2、θ2×2=θ3の関係に設定している。 Further, the inner peripheral surface on the inner diameter side of the tooth 6 is beveled including magnetic pole pieces extending on both sides in the circumferential direction of the tooth 6. When the angle between 9a and 9b of the stator slit 9 is θ1, the angle of the beveling start point is θ2, and the pitch angle of the teeth 6 is θ3, θ1> θ2> θ3, where θ1 × 2 = θ2. A relation of θ2 × 2 = θ3 is set.
回転子3は、回転子鉄心10の外周側に配置されたU字形状の磁石挿入孔11(図では6個)中にフェライト磁石12が納められ、フェライト磁石12の外周側にあるのが回転子3の回転子磁極鉄心13であり、回転子磁極鉄心13間を連結しているのが磁気ブリッジ14である。すなわち、本発明の実施例では6極9スロットの永久磁石式回転電機1である。 In the rotor 3, ferrite magnets 12 are housed in U-shaped magnet insertion holes 11 (six in the drawing) arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor core 10, and the rotation is on the outer peripheral side of the ferrite magnet 12. The rotor magnetic pole core 13 of the rotor 3 is connected to the rotor magnetic pole core 13 by a magnetic bridge 14. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 has 6 poles and 9 slots.
ここで、磁石挿入孔11とU字形状のフェライト磁石12の両端側には磁石挿入のためのクリアランスL1を設けているが、その値は0.1mm程度と小さい。 Here, although the clearance L1 for magnet insertion is provided in the both ends of the magnet insertion hole 11 and the U-shaped ferrite magnet 12, the value is as small as about 0.1 mm.
また、回転子磁極鉄心13の中央には径方向に長い穴が形成されたd軸スリット15、q軸上には円状のq軸スリット16を設け、射出成形で形成した回転子が図3である。図3のPP線でカットしたのが図1であり、回転子鉄心10の中心位置にあるのがシャフト孔19であり、シャフト孔19に嵌合あるいは焼嵌めされているのがシャフト20である。図3の斜視図である図4において、回転子3の外周のモールド部が21、回転子磁極鉄心13の一方の端部のモールド部が22Aであり、モールド部22Aとシャフト23とは接触しないようにモールドされている。もう一方のモールド部22Bも同様である。 In addition, a d-axis slit 15 formed with a long hole in the radial direction is provided at the center of the rotor magnetic core 13, and a circular q-axis slit 16 is provided on the q-axis. The rotor formed by injection molding is shown in FIG. It is. FIG. 1 is a view cut along the PP line of FIG. 3. The shaft hole 19 is at the center of the rotor core 10, and the shaft 20 is fitted or shrink-fitted into the shaft hole 19. . In FIG. 4, which is a perspective view of FIG. 3, the mold part on the outer periphery of the rotor 3 is 21 and the mold part at one end of the rotor magnetic pole core 13 is 22A, and the mold part 22A and the shaft 23 do not contact each other. It is molded as follows. The same applies to the other mold portion 22B.
q軸側鉄心の磁気ブリッジ14上に形成したモールド部21はモールド部22Aと22Bと連結される。これによって、磁気ブリッジ14の遠心力強度を高めることができる。 The mold part 21 formed on the magnetic bridge 14 of the q-axis side iron core is connected to the mold parts 22A and 22B. Thereby, the centrifugal strength of the magnetic bridge 14 can be increased.
さらに、スリット15および16も同時に射出成形を行ってモールド部17および18を形成し、スリット15と2つのスリット16間の角度θ5を60度近傍に、スリット16と2つのスリット15間の角度θ4を120度近傍に設定していることから、このスリット15および16中のモールド部17および18によっても回転子磁極鉄心13が遠心力によって飛び出すのを防止している。 Further, the slits 15 and 16 are simultaneously injection-molded to form the mold parts 17 and 18, and the angle θ5 between the slit 15 and the two slits 16 is close to 60 degrees, and the angle θ4 between the slit 16 and the two slits 15 is formed. Is set in the vicinity of 120 °, the mold parts 17 and 18 in the slits 15 and 16 also prevent the rotor magnetic core 13 from jumping out due to centrifugal force.
図5は図1のRR断面図であり、永久磁石挿入孔11内の永久磁石12をスリット15内のモールド部17と端部モールド部22A,22Bにより、永久磁石12を保持する構造としている。スリット15と回転子外周間の厚みをL2、スリット15と永久磁石挿入孔11間の厚みをL3とした時、いずれも電磁鋼板の板厚の0.5mmに設定している。 FIG. 5 is an RR cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, in which the permanent magnet 12 in the permanent magnet insertion hole 11 is held by the mold portion 17 in the slit 15 and the end mold portions 22A and 22B. When the thickness between the slit 15 and the outer periphery of the rotor is L2, and the thickness between the slit 15 and the permanent magnet insertion hole 11 is L3, both are set to 0.5 mm as the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet.
図6は図1のQQ断面図であり、スリット16中のモールド部18と回転子鉄心10のq軸側のモールド部21と端部モールド部22A,22Bにより、図示していない回転子磁極鉄心13を保持する構造としている。 FIG. 6 is a QQ cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and a rotor magnetic pole core (not shown) is formed by the mold portion 18 in the slit 16, the mold portion 21 on the q-axis side of the rotor core 10 and the end mold portions 22A and 22B. 13 is held.
これらの遠心力強度を計算したのが図9であり、磁石挿入孔11にフェライト磁石12を挿入した状態で計算した。想定した回転数は10000r/minである。No.(1)は電磁鋼板の厚みが0.5mmであるのに対し、磁気ブリッジ14の基本の厚みを0.4mmとしているので、漏れ磁束が多く必要磁束量が足りなくなって特性が低下する。そこで、磁気ブリッジ14の最小厚みを0.2mmにしたものである。強度計算の結果、磁気ブリッジ14に掛かる最大応力は286MPaとなった。一般に、電磁鋼板の引張強さが360MPaであり、100万回起動停止が繰り返されると、引張強さが1/2の180MPaに低下する。すなわち、No.(1)の構造は洗濯機などの繰り返し負荷で、最大10000r/min以上の脱水工程が実施されると、回転子鉄心10の強度が低下し、洗濯機では採用できないことになるので、動作最大回転数を低下させる必要がある。すなわち、7000r/min以下に最大回転数を設定すれば遠心力強度的には合格となる。 These centrifugal force strengths are calculated in FIG. 9 and calculated with the ferrite magnet 12 inserted into the magnet insertion hole 11. The assumed rotation speed is 10,000 r / min. No. In (1), the thickness of the magnetic steel sheet is 0.5 mm, whereas the basic thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 is 0.4 mm. Therefore, the leakage flux is large and the required magnetic flux amount is insufficient and the characteristics are deteriorated. Therefore, the minimum thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 is 0.2 mm. As a result of the strength calculation, the maximum stress applied to the magnetic bridge 14 was 286 MPa. Generally, the tensile strength of an electromagnetic steel sheet is 360 MPa, and when the start and stop are repeated 1 million times, the tensile strength is reduced to 180 MPa, which is 1/2. That is, no. The structure of (1) is a repetitive load of a washing machine or the like, and if a dehydration process of 10000 r / min or more is carried out, the strength of the rotor core 10 is reduced and cannot be adopted in the washing machine. It is necessary to reduce the rotational speed. That is, if the maximum rotational speed is set to 7000 r / min or less, the centrifugal force strength is acceptable.
次にNo.(2)の構造は、磁気ブリッジ14の厚みを全て0.4mmにした場合である。結果的には最小厚みを0.2mmから0.4mmへ2倍と大きくしたことにより、回転子鉄心10に掛かる最大応力は244MPaと小さくなることが分かったが、最大10000r/min以上の脱水工程には使用できない。 Next, no. The structure (2) is when the thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 is all 0.4 mm. As a result, it has been found that the maximum stress applied to the rotor core 10 is reduced to 244 MPa by increasing the minimum thickness from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, but a dehydration process of 10000 r / min or more at the maximum. Can not be used.
次にNo.(3)はNo.(2)の構造に対し、回転子3の磁気ブリッジ14の外周と軸方向端部をモールドした場合である。この結果、最大応力は223MPaと小さくなり、ロータ外周モールドは応力低下に効果があることが分かった。 Next, no. (3) No. In the structure (2), the outer periphery and the axial end of the magnetic bridge 14 of the rotor 3 are molded. As a result, the maximum stress was reduced to 223 MPa, and it was found that the rotor outer periphery mold was effective in reducing the stress.
次にNo.(4)の構造は、磁気ブリッジ14の基準の厚みを0.5mmとし、磁気ブリッジ14の途中に円弧状に凹ませるRカットにより、最小厚みを0.4mmにした場合である。結果的には回転子鉄心10に掛かる最大応力は221MPaと2MPa小さくなった。最大応力を180MPa以下にするには相当に厚くする必要がある。これでは、磁石の磁束が磁気ブリッジ14を介して漏れ、特性面から採用できない。したがって、最大応力を180MPa以下にするには脱水最大回転数を低下させる必要がある。 Next, no. The structure (4) is a case where the reference thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 is 0.5 mm, and the minimum thickness is 0.4 mm by R-cut that is recessed in the middle of the magnetic bridge 14 in an arc shape. As a result, the maximum stress applied to the rotor core 10 was reduced by 221 MPa and 2 MPa. In order to reduce the maximum stress to 180 MPa or less, it is necessary to increase the thickness considerably. In this case, the magnetic flux of the magnet leaks through the magnetic bridge 14 and cannot be adopted from the viewpoint of characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the maximum dehydration speed in order to make the maximum stress 180 MPa or less.
ここで、磁気ブリッジ14の最小厚みを電磁鋼板の厚みが0.5mmのときに0.2mmとして説明を行ってきた。この厚み0.2mmを安定に保って電磁鋼板を打ちぬけるか否かは金型の設計問題である。磁気ブリッジ14の全部の厚みを0.2mmにして打ちぬくのはできないが、磁気ブリッジ14の中の一部分を0.2mmにするのは可能である。当然、磁気ブリッジ14の厚み0.4mmあるいは0.5mmは、0.2mmの時よりは容易となる。 Here, the description has been made assuming that the minimum thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 is 0.2 mm when the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet is 0.5 mm. Whether or not the electromagnetic steel sheet can be punched while keeping the thickness 0.2 mm stable is a mold design problem. Although the entire thickness of the magnetic bridge 14 cannot be reduced to 0.2 mm, a part of the magnetic bridge 14 can be reduced to 0.2 mm. Naturally, the thickness of 0.4 mm or 0.5 mm of the magnetic bridge 14 is easier than when 0.2 mm.
回転子外周にモールド射出成形する場合、固定子と回転子間のギャップが狭い場合にはモールドの厚みを薄くする必要があるため、モールドした後の冷けた時にモールド材にクラックが入る可能性があり、1個でもクラックが入れば製品化できない。 When mold injection molding is performed on the outer periphery of the rotor, if the gap between the stator and the rotor is narrow, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the mold, so there is a possibility that the mold material will crack when cooled after molding. Yes, even if one cracks, it cannot be commercialized.
本実施形態では、上記の事項を避けるため、磁気ブリッジ14の最外周を回転子外周から0.76mm離し、q軸線上に半径0.68mmの半円状のR溝31を形成し、磁気ブリッジ14の外周側には内径側へ円弧状に凹ませる部分32を設けることによって、基本の厚みは0.4mmであるが0.2mmまで薄くした部分を形成した。 In this embodiment, in order to avoid the above matters, the outermost periphery of the magnetic bridge 14 is separated by 0.76 mm from the outer periphery of the rotor, and a semicircular R-shaped groove 31 having a radius of 0.68 mm is formed on the q-axis. By providing a portion 32 that is recessed in an arc shape toward the inner diameter side on the outer peripheral side of 14, a portion having a basic thickness of 0.4 mm but reduced to 0.2 mm was formed.
本実施形態によれば、磁気ブリッジ14の外周面に凹凸が形成されるので、モールド材と磁気ブリッジ14の接触表面積が大きくなり、強度が向上する。このため、磁気ブリッジ14の最小厚み部分を形成でき、永久磁石の漏れ磁束を低減して、回転電機の高出力化が可能である。また、q軸上に半径0.68mmのR溝31を設けているので、電機子反作用が低減する。さらに、磁石挿入孔の内面側にR部33を設けているために、永久磁石と磁石挿入穴との間に隙間が形成され、モールドした後の冷けた時のモールド材のクラック防止にもなる。 According to the present embodiment, since unevenness is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic bridge 14, the contact surface area between the molding material and the magnetic bridge 14 is increased, and the strength is improved. For this reason, the minimum thickness part of the magnetic bridge 14 can be formed, the leakage magnetic flux of a permanent magnet can be reduced, and the high output of a rotary electric machine is possible. In addition, since the R groove 31 having a radius of 0.68 mm is provided on the q axis, the armature reaction is reduced. Furthermore, since the R portion 33 is provided on the inner surface side of the magnet insertion hole, a gap is formed between the permanent magnet and the magnet insertion hole, which also prevents cracking of the molding material when cooled after being molded. .
言い換えれば、q軸側の磁気ブリッジ14の外周側をモールドすることで回転子の遠心強度がアップできるため、強度が許せる範囲まで磁気ブリッジ14に薄い所を形成して、永久磁石12の漏れ磁束を低減することにより、モータ特性の向上が可能である。したがって、ネオジム磁石を用いずに、U字形状もしくはV字形状のフェライト磁石を用いても、高出力の永久磁石式回転電機を実現できる。 In other words, since the centrifugal strength of the rotor can be increased by molding the outer peripheral side of the magnetic bridge 14 on the q-axis side, a thin portion is formed in the magnetic bridge 14 to the extent that the strength is allowed, and the leakage flux of the permanent magnet 12 It is possible to improve the motor characteristics by reducing. Therefore, a high-power permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine can be realized even if a U-shaped or V-shaped ferrite magnet is used without using a neodymium magnet.
図10は本発明のさらに別の実施形態による回転子である。回転子3には、V字形状の磁石挿入孔23を設け、その中にV字形状の永久磁石24を挿入している。 FIG. 10 shows a rotor according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The rotor 3 is provided with a V-shaped magnet insertion hole 23 into which a V-shaped permanent magnet 24 is inserted.
図11は本発明のさらに別の実施形態による回転子である。回転子3には、q軸線上に楕円状のスリット25を設け、その中にモールド26を施している。なお、図中からも分かるように楕円状のスリット25をシャフト孔19まで大きくすると磁石磁束、電機子反作用磁束が小さくなるので、その長さは特性から決定するのが良い。 FIG. 11 shows a rotor according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The rotor 3 is provided with an elliptical slit 25 on the q axis, and a mold 26 is provided therein. As can be seen from the figure, when the elliptical slit 25 is enlarged to the shaft hole 19, the magnet magnetic flux and the armature reaction magnetic flux are reduced. Therefore, the length is preferably determined from the characteristics.
これらの実施形態では縦型洗濯機の駆動方式として、永久磁石式回転電機1の回転は、駆動プーリ67、ベルト62、従動プーリ65、クラッチ63、ギヤケース64中のギヤ66を介し、クラッチ62の切り替えによって撹拌翼61、もしくは洗濯槽59と撹拌翼61に伝えられる。 In these embodiments, as a driving method of the vertical washing machine, the rotation of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 is performed by the driving pulley 67, the belt 62, the driven pulley 65, the clutch 63, and the gear 66 in the gear case 64. It is transmitted to the stirring blade 61 or the washing tub 59 and the stirring blade 61 by switching.
ここで、永久磁石式回転電機1の軸端には冷却ファン27を形成しているので、効率よく永久磁石式回転電機1を使用することが可能となる。すなわち、プーリ比1.9、減速比7.2とすると、総減速比は13.7となる。回転電機1の定格回転数を1500r/minとすると、洗濯時の撹拌翼61の回転数は約110r/min、脱水時の洗濯槽59の回転数は約790r/minとなる。 Here, since the cooling fan 27 is formed at the shaft end of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1, the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine 1 can be used efficiently. That is, if the pulley ratio is 1.9 and the reduction ratio is 7.2, the total reduction ratio is 13.7. When the rated rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 is 1500 r / min, the rotational speed of the stirring blade 61 during washing is approximately 110 r / min, and the rotational speed of the washing tub 59 during dehydration is approximately 790 r / min.
これに対し、プーリ比2.5、減速比5.5とすると、総減速比は同じ13.7となる。同様に回転電機1の定格回転数を1500r/minとすると、洗濯時の撹拌翼61の回転数は約110r/min、脱水時の洗濯槽59の回転数は約600r/minと大幅に低下し、これでは洗濯物の乾燥に不利になる。 On the other hand, if the pulley ratio is 2.5 and the reduction ratio is 5.5, the total reduction ratio is the same 13.7. Similarly, if the rated rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 is 1500 r / min, the rotational speed of the stirring blade 61 during washing is approximately 110 r / min, and the rotational speed of the washing tub 59 during dehydration is significantly reduced to approximately 600 r / min. This is disadvantageous for drying laundry.
したがって、回転電機1の脱水時の定格回転数を2000r/minとすると、脱水時の洗濯槽59の回転数は約800r/minとなり、洗濯物の乾燥は問題なくなる。 Therefore, if the rated rotational speed at the time of dehydration of the rotating electrical machine 1 is 2000 r / min, the rotational speed of the washing tub 59 at the time of dehydration is about 800 r / min, and there is no problem in drying the laundry.
一方、回転電機1は洗濯時には洗濯時間経過とともにコイル温度が徐々に大きくなり、冷却は脱水時のみである。洗濯が1回のみであれば問題ないが、大家族の家庭では2回、3回、多い所で5回も連続洗濯されると、コイルのスタート温度が徐々に大きくなり、ひいては洗濯できないコイル温度になる可能性がある。 On the other hand, in the rotating electrical machine 1, the coil temperature gradually increases as the washing time elapses during washing, and cooling is performed only during dehydration. There is no problem if the laundry is done only once, but if it is washed twice, three times, or five times in many places in a large family, the coil start temperature will gradually increase, and consequently the coil temperature that cannot be washed. There is a possibility.
これに対し、回転電機1の脱水時の定格回転数を高くできる上述の実施形態の場合は、洗濯動作に入る前に十分にコイルを冷却できるので、いつまでも連続洗濯が可能になる効果がある。 On the other hand, in the case of the above-described embodiment in which the rated rotational speed at the time of dehydration of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be increased, the coil can be sufficiently cooled before entering the washing operation, so that there is an effect that continuous washing can be performed forever.
1・・・永久磁石式回転電機、2・・・固定子、3・・・回転子、4・・・固定子鉄心、5・・・スロット、6・・・ティース、7・・・電機子巻線(U相7A、V相7B、W相7C)、8・・・スロット開口部、9・・・固定子スリット、10・・・回転子鉄心、11・・・永久磁石挿入孔、12・・・フェライト磁石、13・・・回転子の磁極鉄心、14・・・磁気ブリッジ、15・・・d軸スリット、16・・・q軸スリット、17・・・モールド部、18・・・モールド部、19・・・シャフト孔、20・・・シャフト、21・・・モールド部、22・・・モールド端部、23・・・V字形状磁石挿入孔、24・・・V字形状永久磁石、25・・・楕円形状スリット、26・・・モールド部、27・・・冷却ファン、28・・・防振ばね、50・・・縦型洗濯機、51・・・外枠、52・・・外枠ベース、53・・・トップカバー、54・・・蓋体、55・・・外槽、57・・・吊棒、58・・・コーナ支持部、59・・・洗濯槽、60・・・バランサー、61・・・撹拌翼、62・・・ベルト、63・・・クラッチ、64・・・ギヤケース、65・・・従動プーリ、66・・・ギヤ、67・・・駆動プーリ、68・・・脱水穴、69・・・コントロール基板、70・・・操作パネル、71・・・水位センサ、72・・・圧力チューブ、73・・・エアートラップ、74・・・注水ケース、75・・・給水電磁弁、76・・・給水ホース、77・・・外槽カバー、78・・・排水電磁弁、79・・・排水ホース、 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Permanent magnet type rotary electric machine, 2 ... Stator, 3 ... Rotor, 4 ... Stator iron core, 5 ... Slot, 6 ... Teeth, 7 ... Armature Windings (U phase 7A, V phase 7B, W phase 7C), 8 ... slot opening, 9 ... stator slit, 10 ... rotor core, 11 ... permanent magnet insertion hole, 12 ... Ferrite magnet, 13 ... Magnetic pole core of rotor, 14 ... Magnetic bridge, 15 ... d-axis slit, 16 ... q-axis slit, 17 ... Mold part, 18 ... Mold part, 19 ... shaft hole, 20 ... shaft, 21 ... mold part, 22 ... mold end, 23 ... V-shaped magnet insertion hole, 24 ... V-shaped permanent Magnet, 25 ... elliptical slit, 26 ... mold part, 27 ... cooling fan, 28 ... anti-vibration 50 ... vertical washing machine, 51 ... outer frame, 52 ... outer frame base, 53 ... top cover, 54 ... lid, 55 ... outer tub, 57 ... -Hanging rod, 58 ... Corner support, 59 ... Washing tub, 60 ... Balancer, 61 ... Stirring blade, 62 ... Belt, 63 ... Clutch, 64 ... Gear case, 65 ... driven pulley, 66 ... gear, 67 ... drive pulley, 68 ... dewatering hole, 69 ... control board, 70 ... operation panel, 71 ... water level sensor, 72 ..Pressure tube, 73 ... Air trap, 74 ... Water injection case, 75 ... Water supply solenoid valve, 76 ... Water supply hose, 77 ... Outer tank cover, 78 ... Drainage solenoid valve, 79 ... Drain hose,
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