JP2015116632A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compactified machine tool which can support a table movably within a plane.SOLUTION: A machine tool comprises a link structure 1c which supports a table 120 movably within a plane. This link structure 1c comprises a fixed link 50a, a first link 10 one end of which is turnably coupled with one end of the fixed link 50a, a second link 20a one end of which is turnably coupled with the other end of the first link 10, a third link 30 one end of which is turnably coupled with the other end of the second link 20a, and a fourth link 40 one end of which is turnably coupled with the other end of the third link 30 and the other end of which is turnably coupled with the other end of the fixed link 50a. Additionally, the second link 20a has a bar part 23a that joints both end joint parts 21, 22 integrally, and a table 120 is placed at the first link 10 of the second link 20a.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to a machine tool including a two-dimensional movement mechanism that supports a table so as to be freely movable in a plane.

  A machine tool such as a machining center includes a moving mechanism for relatively moving a main shaft on which a processing tool can be attached and detached and a workpiece as a workpiece mounted on a table in three orthogonal directions.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-214187 (Patent Document 1), the spindle on which the tool is mounted is driven to rotate by the spindle motor, and the table is moved in the X axis direction and the Y axis direction by the X axis motor and the Y axis motor. In addition, there is disclosed a vertical machine tool that performs various types of machining on a workpiece by moving a spindle head up and down by a Z-axis motor (see paragraphs [0019] to [0021], FIG. 1).

2009-214187

  The machine tool described in Patent Document 1 includes a two-dimensional movement mechanism that supports a table so as to be freely movable in an XY plane including an orthogonal X axis and Y axis. The two-dimensional moving mechanism is provided on the support base by the rotation of the X-axis motor, and the support base is slid along the Y-axis feed guide provided on the base (bed) by the rotation of the Y-axis motor. The table is slid along the X-axis feed guide (see paragraphs [0019] and [0020]).

  However, in the machine tool described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to lay a guide (guide rail) beyond the range of movement of the table, and further, a support base and a bed are formed so as to include the installation range of the guide rail. Because of the necessity, the apparatus tended to increase in size.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and makes it a subject to provide the compact machine tool which can support a table so that a table can move freely within a plane.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a spindle on which a machining tool can be attached and detached, a table for mounting a workpiece to be machined by the machining tool, and the table can be freely moved in a plane. A two-dimensional moving closed link structure supported by the two-dimensional moving closed link structure, wherein the two-dimensional moving closed link structure includes a fixed link, a first link having one end rotatably connected to one end of the fixed link, A second link having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first link, a third link having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the second link, and the third link A fourth link having one end pivotably connected to the other end of the link and the other end pivotally connected to the other end of the fixed link, and the second link includes the second link The joints at both ends to which the two links are connected are integrated with the joints at both ends. Has a bar portion which binds to, a, a machine tool, characterized in that a said table to said bar portion of the second link.

In the present invention, by rotating each link constituting the two-dimensional moving closed link structure, the table can be freely moved in a wide range within a plane including a position away from the installation range of the fixed link. Can be machined.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compact machine tool capable of supporting the table so as to be freely movable in a plane.
Moreover, in a machine tool equipped with a conventional two-dimensional movement mechanism using a feed guide, a relatively large mass moving object including a table and a support base is moved with a large driving force. May reduce the durability of the feed screw and sliding surface. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the object to be moved is lighter than in the prior art, the driving force is small, and high-speed movement is possible while ensuring durability.

  Furthermore, by arranging the table on the bar portion of the second link, the table is supported across the joint portion at one end and the joint portion at the other end of the second link, so the other end of the second link and the third link The support rigidity can be improved as compared with the case where the table is supported by one joint portion connected to one end. In this way, the present invention can improve the support rigidity of the table with a simple link structure, and can secure a wider movable range while improving the movement accuracy.

  In addition, the machine tool according to the present invention can move the workpiece to a transfer destination such as a table or a temporary table of another machine tool with the two-dimensional moving closed link structure in a state where the workpiece is mounted on the table. It is possible to have a function as a transfer device.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a moving mechanism that relatively moves the spindle and the work mounted on the table in a direction perpendicular to the plane. To do.

  According to this configuration, the workpiece can be processed into a desired shape in a direction orthogonal to the plane.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a predetermined amount of shift from a line connecting the one end and the other end of the second link toward the outside of the closed link. It is characterized in that the table is arranged while being shifted by a distance.

  According to such a configuration, by shifting the table toward the outside of the closed link in the second link, interference between the table and other links can be suppressed, and a wider movable range of the table can be ensured.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first link and the length of the fourth link are the same, and the second link is directed outward from the closed link. A bent portion bent in a U-shape, the length from the bent portion to the one end of the second link is the same as the length of the third link, and the table is connected to the bent portion and the first link. It arrange | positions between the said other ends of 2 links, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to this configuration, a compact closed link structure can be formed while ensuring a wider movable range of the table.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a line connecting the one end of the fixed link and the other end is the one end of the fixed link. The other end of the machine tool is inclined with respect to a direction along the left-right direction, the front-rear direction, or the up-down direction so as to be closer to the table in the plane.

  According to this configuration, a wider movable range of the table can be ensured more evenly on both sides of the symmetry plane passing through the center of the machine tool.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the compact machine tool which can support a table movably within a plane can be provided.

It is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the front side, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the back side. (A) is a plan view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a side view thereof, (c) is a front view thereof, and (d) is a rear view thereof. It is a front view which shows typically the whole structure of the link structure which concerns on a 1st example. (A) is a perspective view which shows an example of a link, (b) is a perspective view which shows the other example of a link. It is a front view which shows typically the whole structure of the link structure which concerns on a 2nd example. It is a front view which shows typically the whole structure of the link structure which concerns on a 3rd example. It is a schematic front view which shows a mode that a table is moved by the link structure which concerns on a 3rd example. It is a schematic front view which shows the movable range of the table by the link structure which concerns on a 3rd example with the movable range of the table by the link structure which concerns on a 2nd example. It is a front view which shows typically the whole structure of the link structure which concerns on a 4th example. It is a schematic front view which shows a mode that a table is moved by the link structure which concerns on a 4th example. It is a schematic front view which shows the movable range of the table by the link structure which concerns on a 4th example with the movable range of the table by the link structure which concerns on a 3rd example. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the conveyance area | region of the workpiece | work by the machine tool which concerns on this embodiment, and the process area | region with respect to a workpiece | work. It is the schematic perspective view of the machine tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is the schematic perspective view seen from the back side, (b) is the schematic perspective view seen from the front side. (A) is a plan view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 13, (b) is a side view thereof, (c) is a rear view thereof, and (d) is a front view thereof. It is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper left, (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper right. (A) is a plan view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 15, (b) is a front view thereof, and (c) is a side view thereof. It is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper right, (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper left. (A) is a plan view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 17, (b) is a front view thereof, and (c) is a side view thereof. It is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper left, (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper right. (A) is a plan view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 19, (b) is the front view, and (c) is the side view. It is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper right, (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from upper left. (A) is a top view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 21, (b) is the front view, and (c) is the side view.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
Note that, in the drawings shown below, the same members or corresponding members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted as appropriate. In addition, the size and shape of the member may be schematically represented by being modified or exaggerated for convenience of explanation.

[First Embodiment]
First, with reference to FIGS. 1-12, the machine tool 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

(Whole structure of machine tool)
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the front side, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the back side. . 2A is a plan view of the machine tool 100 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a side view thereof, FIG. 2C is a front view thereof, and FIG. 2D is a rear view thereof. 1 and 2, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool 100 is a horizontal machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is arranged along the horizontal direction.

  The machine tool 100 includes a bed 101 serving as a base, a main spindle 111 to which a processing tool 102 can be attached and detached, and a table 120 for mounting a workpiece W as a workpiece to be processed by the processing tool 102. . The work W is mounted on the table 120 by being detachably held by a holding mechanism (not shown) provided on the table 120.

  The main shaft 111 is rotatably provided on the main shaft device 110. The spindle device 110 has a spindle motor 112 that rotates the spindle 111. The spindle 111 of the spindle device 110 is movable in the Z-axis direction by a moving mechanism 130 provided on the upper surface of the bed 101 while being attached to the spindle installation unit 103. That is, the main shaft 111 is configured to be moved in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 by the moving mechanism 130.

  The moving mechanism 130 includes a Z-axis motor 131, a Z-axis guide 132 that guides a linear motion in the Z-axis direction, and a Z-axis that is connected to the output shaft of the Z-axis motor 131 via, for example, a coupling (not shown). It has a ball screw 133 and a nut member (not shown) that is fixed to the bottom surface of the body to be moved (here, the main shaft installation portion 103) and that engages with the Z-axis ball screw 133. Therefore, the moving body is moved in the Z-axis direction by the screw feeding action by the rotational driving force of the Z-axis motor 131.

  The table 120 is supported by a two-dimensional moving closed link structure (hereinafter also simply referred to as “link structure”) 1 so as to be freely movable in an XY plane defined by an X axis and a Y axis orthogonal to each other. .

  The link structure 1 is configured to be operated by the rotation of rotational drive devices M1 and M2 such as servo motors. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to the bed 101, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  As described above, the machine tool 100 according to the first embodiment is a horizontal machine tool, the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane, and the spindle 111 is a moving mechanism. 130 is movable in the Z-axis direction.

  Next, the link structure 1 will be described in detail with reference to the first to fourth examples. Here, the link structure 1 is used as a general term for the link structures 1a to 1d according to the first to fourth examples. The link structure 1 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is displayed by applying a link structure 1c according to a third example described later.

(Link structure according to the first example)
FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing the overall configuration of the link structure 1a according to the first example.
As shown in FIG. 3, the link structure 1a is a two-dimensional moving closed link structure that supports a table 120 that is a moving object so as to be freely movable in an XY plane defined by an X axis and a Y axis orthogonal to each other. .
The table 120 generally has a rectangular plate shape as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, but in FIG. 3, in order to facilitate understanding, the table 120 is located at the center (center of gravity) of the actual table 120. It is indicated by a small circle located.

  The link structure 1 a includes a fixed link 50, a first link 10 having one end rotatably connected to one end of the fixed link 50, and one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first link 10. The second link 20, the third link 30 having one end pivotably connected to the other end of the second link 20, and the one end pivotably connected to the other end of the third link 30. And a fourth link 40 having the other end pivotably connected to the other end of the fixed link 50.

  Here, an element constituting the link structure 1a is referred to as a link (the same applies to link structures 1b to 1d described later). Further, in each link, both end portions to which other links are connected are referred to as joint portions, and a portion where both end portions of the links are combined together is referred to as a bar portion. Further, a link where the positions of the joint portions at both ends do not move (except when the entire link structure moves) is called a fixed link, and a link where at least one position of the joint portions at both ends moves is called a movable link.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing an example of a link, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing another example of a link.
In the example shown in FIG. 4A, the link 70 has joint portions 71 and 72 at both ends to which the link 70 is connected, and a bar portion 73 that integrally connects the joint portions 71 and 72 at both ends. ing. In the example shown in FIG. 4B, the link 80 includes joint portions 81 and 82 at both ends to which the link 80 is connected, and a bar portion 83 that integrally connects the joint portions 81 and 82 at both ends. Have. In the link 80, the joint portions 81 and 82 are assumed to be virtual cylindrical portions having the outer surface of the end portion in the longitudinal direction of the link 80 as a part of the outer peripheral surface.

  Each link constituting the link structure 1a shown in FIG. 3 is formed in the same shape as the links 70 and 80 shown in FIG. 4 (a) or 4 (b). However, the shape of each link used in the link structure 1a is not particularly limited to the shape shown in FIG.

  Returning to FIG. 3, the link structure 1 a includes a base member 60 on which the fixed link 50 is disposed. In other words, the link structure 1a includes the fixed link 50 disposed on the base member 60, and the first link 10, the second link 20, the third link 30, and the fourth link 40, which are movable links. It has a closed link structure. In the present embodiment, a part of the base member 60 is configured to function as the fixed link 50, but the fixed link 50 is configured separately from the base member 60 and provided on the base member 60. May be.

  The base member 60 has a shape in which surfaces along each of at least two directions (the left-right direction and the up-down direction in the example of FIG. 3) of the left-right direction, the front-rear direction, and the up-down direction are defined. That is, the base member 60 has here the upper surface 61 and the lower surface 62 which follow the left-right direction, and the left side surface 63 and the right side surface 64 which follow an up-down direction. And the left-right direction and the up-and-down direction of the base member 60 are set to the direction (parallel direction) which each follows an X-axis and a Y-axis. That is, the upper surface 61 and the lower surface 62 of the base member 60 are set along the X axis, and the left side surface 63 and the right side surface 64 of the base member 60 are set along the Y axis.

  The XY plane serving as the moving plane of the table 120 is not particularly limited in the orientation of the plane, and can be appropriately set according to the purpose and application. That is, in the present embodiment, the XY plane is a plane along the vertical direction. However, the XY plane is not limited to this, and may be a plane along the horizontal direction. It may be a plane set by shifting by an angle.

  The fixed link 50 has a joint portion 51 provided at one end and a joint portion 52 provided at the other end. The joint portion 51 and the joint portion 52 are fixed portions located at both ends of the fixed link 50, and are connected to the first link 10 and the fourth link 40, respectively.

  In the link structure 1a according to the first example, the line L0 connecting one end and the other end of the fixed link 50 is set to be orthogonal to the Y axis.

  The first link 10 includes a joint portion 11 provided at one end, a joint portion 12 provided at the other end, and a bar portion 13 that integrally connects the joint portions 11 and 12 at both ends. The joint portion 11 of the first link 10 is connected to the joint portion 51 of the fixed link 50 so as to be rotatable around the central axis of the joint portion 51.

  An output shaft (not shown) of the rotation driving device M1 is connected to the joint portion 11 of the first link 10 so as to be able to transmit the rotation driving force. Therefore, the first link 10 can be rotated around the joint portion 11 to a predetermined rotational direction angular position by the operation of the rotation driving device M1.

  The second link 20 includes a joint portion 21 provided at one end, a joint portion 22 provided at the other end, and a bar portion 23 that integrally connects the joint portions 21 and 22 at both ends. The joint portion 21 of the second link 20 is connected to the joint portion 12 of the first link 10 so as to be rotatable around a pin P1 disposed coaxially with the central axis of the joint portion 12. Here, the joint portion 12 and the joint portion 21 are arranged coaxially along the axial direction of the pin P1 (the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the XY plane). Thus, the second link 20 is rotatable around the joint portion 21.

  The table 120 is arranged in the bar portion 23 instead of the joint portions 21 and 22 at both ends of the second link 20. In this embodiment, the table 120 is configured to function as a part of the bar portion 23 of the second link 20, but the table 120 is provided separately from the bar portion 23 and provided in the bar portion 23. It may be a configuration. In the link structure 1a according to the first example, the bar portion 23 of the second link 20 is formed in a straight shape, and the table 120 (the center thereof) is connected to the joint portion 21 at one end of the second link 20 and the other end. It arrange | positions on the line | wire which connects these joint parts 22. FIG.

  The third link 30 includes a joint portion 31 provided at one end, a joint portion 32 provided at the other end, and a bar portion 33 that integrally connects the joint portions 31 and 32 at both ends. The joint portion 31 of the third link 30 is connected to the joint portion 22 of the second link 20 so as to be rotatable around a pin P2 disposed coaxially with the central axis of the joint portion 22. Here, the joint part 22 and the joint part 31 are coaxially arranged along the axial direction of the pin P2. Thus, the third link 30 is rotatable around the joint portion 31.

  The fourth link 40 includes a joint portion 41 provided at one end, a joint portion 42 provided at the other end, and a bar portion 43 that integrally connects the joint portions 41 and 42 at both ends. The joint portion 41 of the fourth link 40 is connected to the joint portion 32 of the third link 30 so as to be rotatable around a pin P3 disposed coaxially with the central axis of the joint portion 32. Here, the joint portion 32 and the joint portion 41 are arranged coaxially along the axial direction of the pin P3. Thus, the fourth link 40 is rotatable around the joint portion 41.

  Further, the joint portion 42 of the fourth link 40 is connected to the joint portion 52 of the fixed link 50 so as to be rotatable around the central axis of the joint portion 52.

  An output shaft (not shown) of the rotation driving device M2 is connected to the joint portion 42 of the fourth link 40 so as to be able to transmit the rotation driving force. Therefore, the fourth link 40 can be rotated around the joint portion 42 to a predetermined rotational direction angular position by the operation of the rotation driving device M2.

  The lengths of the first link 10, the second link 20, the third link 30, the fourth link 40, and the fixed link 50, that is, the distances D1 to D5 between the joint portions at both ends of each link may be set as appropriate. Here, D1 = D4 and D2> D3 are set, and the table 120 (center thereof) is arranged near the joint portion 22 at the other end of the second link 20 in the bar portion 23 of the second link 20. In this way, the movable range of the main shaft 111 can be ensured more evenly on both the left and right sides of the base member 60.

Next, the operation of the link structure 1a will be described.
When the rotation driving devices M1 and M2 are operated in accordance with, for example, a command from a control device (not shown), the first link 10 rotates around the joint portion 11 at one end to a predetermined rotational direction angular position in the XY plane. In addition, the fourth link 40 is rotated around the joint portion 42 at the other end to a predetermined rotational direction angular position. As a result, the position of the pin P1 that is the connection point between the first link 10 and the second link 20 and the position of the pin P3 that is the connection point between the fourth link 40 and the third link 30 are determined.

  Since the second link 20 and the third link 30 are rotatably connected around the pin P2, when the positions of the pins P1 and P3 are determined as described above, the position of the pin P2 is also uniquely determined. Accordingly, the positions of all the links constituting the link structure 1a are determined, and as a result, the table 120 disposed on the bar portion 23 of the second link 20 is positioned.

  And if the 1st link 10 and / or the 4th link 40 are rotated to another rotation direction angle position by operation of rotation drive M1 and M2, table 120 will also be moved according to this. Thereby, the table 120 is moved and positioned at an arbitrary position in the XY plane.

  As described above, in the first example, the link structure 1a that supports the table 120 so as to be freely movable in a plane has the fixed link 50 and one end rotatably connected to one end of the fixed link 50. The first link 10, the second link 20 having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first link 10, and the one end rotatably connected to the other end of the second link 20 A third link 30; and a fourth link 40 having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the third link 30 and the other end rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed link 50. ing. And the 2nd link 20 has the joint parts 21 and 22 of the both ends to which the 2nd link 20 is connected, and the bar part 23 which couple | bonds the joint parts 21 and 22 of both ends as a unit, A table 120 is arranged in 20 bar portions 23.

  Therefore, according to the link structure 1a according to the first example, the table 120 is disposed on the bar portion 23 of the second link 20, so that the joint portion 21 at one end of the second link 20 and the joint portion 22 at the other end are straddled. In order to support the table 120, the support rigidity is improved as compared with the case where the table 120 is supported by one joint portion 22, 31 where the other end of the second link 20 and the one end of the third link 30 are connected. Can do.

  Thus, the link structure 1a according to the first example can improve the support rigidity of the table 120 with a simple link structure, and can secure a wider movable range while improving the movement accuracy.

(Link structure according to the second example)
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the link structure 1b according to the second example will be described with a focus on differences from the link structure 1a according to the first example described above, and description of common points will be omitted.

FIG. 5 is a front view schematically showing the overall configuration of the link structure 1b according to the second example.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the second example, the table 120 (center thereof) is outside the closed link from a line L1 connecting the joint portion 21 provided at one end of the second link 20a and the joint portion 22 provided at the other end. It is arranged to be shifted by a predetermined shift amount.

  In the second example, as in the first example, the length D1 of the first link 10 and the length D4 of the fourth link are set to be the same, while the second link 20a is connected to the outside of the closed link. A bent portion 24 that is bent in a dogleg shape is provided. Here, the bar portion 23a of the second link 20a is formed between the first bar portion 25 defined between the joint portion 21 at one end and the bent portion 24, and between the bent portion 24 and the joint portion 22 at the other end. The second bar portion 26 is defined (see also FIG. 2 (c) and FIG. 2 (d)).

Here, as shown in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D, the table 120 is configured to function as a second bar portion 26 that is a part of the bar portion 23 a of the second link 20. .
Specifically, the bar portion 23a of the second link 20a is an end where the first bar portion 25 and the second bar portion 26 (table 120), which are two bar members formed separately, are bent portions 24. For example, the parts are fixed by screw fastening, welding, or the like (see also FIG. 2 (c) and FIG. 2 (d)). However, the 1st bar part 25 and the 2nd bar part 26 may be comprised by bending the bar member formed integrally.

  The length from the bent portion 24 to the joint portion 21 at one end of the second link 20a, that is, the length D21 of the first bar portion 25 and the length D3 of the third link 30 are set to be the same.

  Further, the table 120 (the center thereof) is arranged between the bent portion 24 and the joint portion 22 at the other end of the second link 20a. That is, as described above, the table 120 functions as the second bar portion 26. Here, the table 120 (the center thereof) is arranged at the center (center) between the bent portion 24 and the joint portion 22, that is, at a point that bisects the length D22 of the second bar portion 26. In this way, the movable range of the table 120 can be more evenly secured on the left and right sides of the base member 60.

  Also according to the second example configured as described above, the following functions and effects can be achieved in addition to the same effects as the first example.

  That is, in the second example, the table 120 is arranged with a predetermined shift amount shifted from the line L1 connecting the joint portion 21 at one end and the joint portion 22 at the other end of the second link 20a toward the outside of the closed link. .

Therefore, when the table 120 approaches the fixed link 50 side, the table 120 is kept away from the other links 20, 30, 40, 50 by the amount that the table 120 is shifted to the outside of the closed link. Will be drunk.
According to such a configuration, by shifting the table 120 toward the outside of the closed link in the second link 20a, interference between the table 120 and the other links 20, 30, 40, 50 is suppressed, and the table 120 A wider movable range can be secured.

  Further, in the second example, the length D1 of the first link 10 and the length D4 of the fourth link 40 are made the same, and the second link 20a is bent outwardly of the closed link in a dogleg shape. The bent portion 24 is provided, the length D21 from the bent portion 24 to one end of the second link 20a is made the same as the length D3 of the third link 30, and the table 120 (the center thereof) is connected to the bent portion 24 and the second portion. It is comprised so that it may arrange | position between the other ends of the link 20a.

Therefore, when the second bar portion 26 that is a portion between the bent portion 24 and the other end of the second link 20a is parallel to the X axis, the shape of the closed link forms a line-symmetric figure (see FIG. 5).
According to such a configuration, a compact closed link structure can be formed while ensuring a wider movable range of the table 120.

(Link structure 1c according to the third example)
Next, with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, the link structure 1 c according to the third example will be described with a focus on differences from the link structure 1 b according to the second example described above, and common points will be described. Omitted.

  FIG. 6 is a front view schematically showing the overall configuration of the link structure 1c according to the third example. FIG. 7 is a schematic front view showing a state in which the table 120 is moved by the link structure 1c according to the third example. FIG. 8 is a schematic front view showing the movable range Rc of the table 120 by the link structure 1c according to the third example together with the movable range Rb of the table 120 by the link structure 1b according to the second example.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the third example, a line L0 connecting one end and the other end of the fixed link 50a indicates that the joint portion 52 at the other end is a table in the XY plane rather than the joint portion 51 at one end of the fixed link 50a. The machine tool 100 is disposed so as to be close to 120 in a direction along the left-right direction, the front-rear direction, or the up-down direction (the X-axis direction that is the left-right direction (lateral direction) in the present embodiment). .

  Specifically, the intersection angle between the line L0 connecting one end and the other end of the fixed link 50a is set closer to the right angle than the X axis, and other than the joint portion 51 at one end of the fixed link 50a. The joint part 52 at the end is arranged so as to be close to the table 120 in the Y-axis direction.

  Here, the distance Dx in the X-axis direction between the joint portions 51 and 52 at both ends of the fixed link 50a in the third example is set equal to the length D5 of the fixed link 50 in the second example. Then, the joint portion 52 at the other end of the fixed link 50a is connected to the table 120 in the Y-axis direction by the distance Dy in the Y-axis direction between the joint portions 51 and 52 at both ends of the fixed link 50a. It is arrange | positioned so that it may be close to, ie, high in FIG.

  In such a third example, when the rotary drive devices M1 and M2 are operated, the table 120 is moved by the link structure 1c as shown in FIG.

  According to the third example configured as described above, the following functions and effects can be achieved in addition to the same functions and effects as those of the second example.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the movable range Rc of the table 120 by the link structure 1c according to the third example is compared with the movable range Rb of the table 120 by the link structure 1b according to the second example, FIG. In the XY plane, the movable range Rb is shifted to the right side, while the movable range Rc is corrected toward the center.
Therefore, according to the third example, more evenly on both sides of the symmetry plane passing through the center of the machine tool 100, specifically, both sides of a line passing through the center (center) of the fixed link 50 and parallel to the Y axis, that is, A wider movable range Rc of the table 120 can be ensured more evenly on both the left and right sides of the base member 60.

(Link structure 1d according to the fourth example)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, the link structure 1d according to the fourth example will be described focusing on the differences from the link structure 1c according to the third example described above, and the common points will be described. Omitted.

  FIG. 9 is a front view schematically showing the overall configuration of the link structure 1d according to the fourth example. FIG. 10 is a schematic front view showing a state in which the table 120 is moved by the link structure 1d according to the fourth example. FIG. 11 is a schematic front view showing the movable range Rd of the table 120 by the link structure 1d according to the fourth example together with the movable range Rc of the table 120 by the link structure 1c according to the third example.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the fourth example, the bar portion 23 of the second link 20 is formed in a straight shape, and the table 120 (the center thereof) is provided at one end of the second link 20. This is different from the third example in that it is arranged on a line connecting 21 and the joint portion 22 provided at the other end.

  In such a fourth example, when the rotary drive devices M1 and M2 are operated, the table 120 is moved by the link structure 1d as shown in FIG. And according to the link structure 1d according to the fourth example, the movable range Rd of the table 120 as shown in FIG. 11 is formed. Note that “Rc” in FIG. 11 indicates the movable range of the table 120 by the link structure 1c according to the third example for reference.

  According to the fourth example configured as described above, the same effects as those of the third example described above can be achieved using the second link 20 having a simple configuration.

  In the third and fourth examples, the joint 52 at the other end is arranged closer to the table 120 in the Y-axis direction than the joint 51 at one end of the fixed link 50a. It is not limited to. For example, the entire link structure 1b according to the second example may be set together with the base member 60 in a state rotated by a predetermined angle counterclockwise in FIG. Even with such a configuration, the movable range of the table 120 can be corrected toward the center so that the table 120 passes through the center (center) of the fixed link 50 and becomes even on both sides of the line parallel to the Y axis. However, according to the third example and the fourth example, it is not necessary to incline and arrange the members such as the base member 60, so that there is no layout dead space, and there is an advantage that compactness and space saving can be achieved. is there.

(Functional effects of machine tools)
Next, effects of the machine tool 100 according to the present embodiment will be described.
As described above, the machine tool 100 according to the present embodiment includes the link structure 1 that supports the table 120 so as to be freely movable in a plane. The link structure 1 includes a fixed link 50, 50a, a first link 10 with one end pivotably connected to one end of the fixed link 50, 50a, and one end with respect to the other end of the first link 10. The second links 20 and 20a that are rotatably connected, the third link 30 that is rotatably connected to the other end of the second links 20 and 20a, and the other end of the third link 30 On the other hand, a fourth link 40 having one end rotatably connected and the other end rotatably connected to the other ends of the fixed links 50 and 50a is provided. The second links 20 and 20a have bar portions 23 and 23a that integrally connect the joint portions 21 and 22 at both ends, and the table 120 is disposed on the bar portions 23 and 23a of the second links 20 and 20a. Yes.

In this embodiment, by rotating each link constituting the link structure 1, the table 120 can be freely moved in a wide range in the XY plane including a position away from the installation range of the fixed links 50 and 50 a. Thus, the workpiece W on the table 120 can be machined.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a compact machine tool 100 that can support the table 120 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane.
Moreover, in a machine tool equipped with a conventional two-dimensional movement mechanism using a feed guide, a relatively large mass moving object including a table and a support base is moved with a large driving force. May reduce the durability of the feed screw and sliding surface. On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the object to be moved is lighter than before, the driving force is small, and high-speed movement is possible while ensuring durability.

  Furthermore, by arranging the table 120 on the bar portions 23, 23a of the second links 20, 20a, the table 120 is supported across the joint portion 21 at one end and the joint portion 22 at the other end of the second link 20, 20a. Therefore, the support rigidity can be improved as compared with the case where the table 120 is supported by one joint portion 22, 31 where the other end of the second link 20, 20a and the one end of the third link are connected. Thus, this embodiment can improve the support rigidity of the table 120 with the simple link structure 1, and can ensure a wider movable range, improving a movement precision.

  Further, the machine tool 100 according to the present embodiment moves the workpiece W to a transfer destination such as a table 120 or a temporary table of another machine tool by the two-dimensional moving closed link structure 1 with the workpiece W mounted on the table 120. Therefore, it is possible to have a function as a transfer device for the workpiece W.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram for explaining the conveyance region Rt of the workpiece W by the machine tool 100 according to the present embodiment and the machining region Rm for the workpiece W.
As shown in FIG. 12, the transfer area Rt of the workpiece W can be set substantially equal to the movable range of the table 120. On the other hand, it is desirable that the machining area Rm for the workpiece W is set narrower than the conveyance area Rt of the workpiece W from the viewpoint of sufficiently ensuring machining accuracy.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the machine tool 100 includes a moving mechanism 130 that relatively moves the spindle 111 and the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane. According to such a configuration, the workpiece W can be processed into a desired shape in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the machine tool 100 a according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment described above, and descriptions of common points will be given. Omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100a according to the second embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the back side, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the front side. . 14 (a) is a plan view of the machine tool 100a shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 14 (b) is a side view thereof, FIG. 14 (c) is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 14 (d) is a front view thereof. 13 and 14, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the machine tool 100a is a horizontal machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is disposed along the horizontal direction.

  The table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to the table installation unit 121, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  The table 120 is movable in the Z-axis direction by a moving mechanism 130 provided on the upper surface of the bed 101 while being supported by the link structure 1. That is, the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 is configured to be moved in the direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the main shaft 111 by the moving mechanism 130.

  The spindle device 110 including the spindle 111 is fixed at a position facing the table 120 on the upper surface of the bed 101 while being attached to the spindle installation unit 103.

As described above, the machine tool 100a according to the second embodiment is a horizontal machine tool, and the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane, and is attached to the table 120. The workpiece W can be moved in the Z-axis direction by the moving mechanism 130.
Also by such 2nd Embodiment, there can exist an effect similar to above-described 1st Embodiment.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the machine tool 100 b according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment described above, and descriptions of common points will be made. Omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100b according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper left, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper right. . 16A is a plan view of the machine tool 100b shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 16B is a front view thereof, and FIG. 16C is a side view thereof. 15 and 16, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the machine tool 100 b is a vertical machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is arranged along the vertical direction.

  The table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to the bed 101, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  The spindle device 110 including the spindle 111 can be moved in the Z-axis direction by a moving mechanism 130 provided on the front surface of the column 104 erected on the rear portion of the bed 101 while being attached to the spindle installation unit 103. It has become. That is, the main shaft 111 is configured to be moved in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 by the moving mechanism 130.

As described above, the machine tool 100b according to the third embodiment is a vertical machine tool, in which the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane, and the spindle 111 moves. The mechanism 130 can be moved in the Z-axis direction. The spindle 111 is located on the upper side of the table 120.
Also according to the third embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. Further, in the vertical machine tool as in the third embodiment, it is not necessary to consider the influence of the gravity generated in the table 120 or the like on the positioning operation of the table 120 by the link structure 1.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the machine tool 100c according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the third embodiment described above, and descriptions of common points will be given. Omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100c according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper right side, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper left side. . 18A is a plan view of the machine tool 100c shown in FIG. 17, FIG. 18B is a front view thereof, and FIG. 18C is a side view thereof. 17 and 18, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the machine tool 100 c is a vertical machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is arranged along the vertical direction.

  The table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to a column 104 erected on the rear portion of the bed 101, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  The spindle device 110 including the spindle 111 is movable in the Z-axis direction by a moving mechanism 130 provided on the lower front surface of the column 104 while being attached to the spindle installation portion 103. That is, the main shaft 111 is configured to be moved in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 by the moving mechanism 130.

As described above, the machine tool 100c according to the fourth embodiment is a vertical machine tool, in which the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane, and the spindle 111 moves. The mechanism 130 can be moved in the Z-axis direction. The spindle 111 is located below the table 120.
Also according to the fourth embodiment, the same operational effects as those of the third embodiment described above can be achieved.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the machine tool 100d according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the fourth embodiment described above, and descriptions of common points will be given. Omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100d according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper left, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper right. . 20A is a plan view of the machine tool 100d shown in FIG. 19, FIG. 20B is a front view thereof, and FIG. 20C is a side view thereof. 19 and 20, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the machine tool 100d is a vertical machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is arranged along the vertical direction.

  The table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to the table installation unit 121, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  The table 120 is movable in the Z-axis direction by the moving mechanism 130 provided on the front surface of the column 104 erected on the rear portion of the bed 101 while being supported by the link structure 1. That is, the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 is configured to be moved in the direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the main shaft 111 by the moving mechanism 130.

  The spindle device 110 including the spindle 111 is fixed to a position facing the table 120 on the front surface of the bed 101 while being attached to the spindle installation unit 103.

As described above, the machine tool 100d according to the fifth embodiment is a vertical machine tool, and the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The workpiece W to be moved can be moved in the Z-axis direction by the moving mechanism 130. The spindle 111 is located below the table 120.
Also according to the fifth embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as those of the fourth embodiment described above.
[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, the machine tool 100e according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the fifth embodiment described above, and descriptions of common points will be made. Omitted as appropriate.

  FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool 100e according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper right side, and (b) is a schematic perspective view seen from the upper left side. . 22A is a plan view of the machine tool 100e shown in FIG. 21, FIG. 22B is a front view thereof, and FIG. 22C is a side view thereof. 21 and 22, the X-axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction (lateral direction), the Y-axis direction corresponds to the front-rear direction (depth direction), and the Z-axis direction corresponds to the up-down direction (vertical direction).

  As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the machine tool 100e is a vertical machine tool in which the main shaft 111 is arranged along the vertical direction.

  The table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The link structure 1 includes a base member 60 fixed to the table installation unit 121, and the rotation driving devices M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 are installed on the base member 60.

  While being supported by the link structure 1, the table 120 is movable in the Z-axis direction by a moving mechanism 130 provided on the lower front surface of the column 104 erected on the rear portion of the bed 101. That is, the workpiece W mounted on the table 120 is configured to be moved in the direction orthogonal to the XY plane with respect to the main shaft 111 by the moving mechanism 130.

  The spindle device 110 including the spindle 111 is fixed to a position facing the table 120 on the upper front surface of the column 104 while being attached to the spindle installation portion 103.

As described above, the machine tool 100e according to the sixth embodiment is a vertical machine tool, and the table 120 is supported by the link structure 1 so as to be freely movable in the XY plane. The workpiece W to be moved can be moved in the Z-axis direction by the moving mechanism 130. The spindle 111 is located on the upper side of the table 120.
Also according to the sixth embodiment, the same operational effects as those of the fifth embodiment described above can be achieved.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, this invention is not limited to the structure described in each above-mentioned embodiment, The combination thru | or selected suitably the structure described in each embodiment. In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, the structure can be changed suitably. Further, a part of the configuration of the above-described embodiment can be added, deleted, or replaced.

  The present invention can be applied to various machine tools. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a machining center provided with an automatic tool changer.

1, 1a-1d link structure (two-dimensional closed link structure)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st link 11 Joint part of one end 12 Joint part of the other end 13 Bar part 20, 20a Second link 21 Joint part of one end 22 Joint part of the other end 23, 23a Bar part 24 Bending part 25 First bar part 26 First 2 bar portion 30 third link 31 joint portion at one end 32 joint portion at the other end 33 bar portion 40 fourth link 41 joint portion at one end 42 joint portion at the other end 43 bar portion 50, 50a fixed link 51 joint portion at one end 52 Joint part 60 at the other end Base member 100, 100a to 100e Machine tool 102 Processing tool 110 Spindle device 111 Spindle 120 Table 130 Moving mechanism L0 Line connecting one end and the other end of the fixed link L1 Connecting one end and the other end of the second link Line M1, M2 Rotation drive device W Workpiece

Claims (5)

A spindle to which a processing tool can be attached and detached,
A table for mounting a workpiece to be machined by the machining tool;
A two-dimensional moving closed link structure for supporting the table movably in a plane;
With
The two-dimensional moving closed link structure is:
A fixed link,
A first link having one end rotatably connected to one end of the fixed link;
A second link having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first link;
A third link having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the second link;
A fourth link having one end rotatably connected to the other end of the third link and the other end rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed link;
The second link has joint portions at both ends to which the second link is connected, and a bar portion that integrally connects the joint portions at both ends,
A machine tool, wherein the table is arranged on the bar portion of the second link.   The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a moving mechanism that relatively moves the main shaft and the work mounted on the table in a direction orthogonal to the plane. 3. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the table is arranged by being shifted by a predetermined shift amount toward the outside of the closed link from a line connecting the one end and the other end of the second link. machine. The length of the first link and the length of the fourth link are the same,
The second link is provided with a bent portion bent in a U shape toward the outside of the closed link,
The length from the bent portion to the one end of the second link is the same as the length of the third link,
The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the table is disposed between the bent portion and the other end of the second link. The line connecting the one end and the other end of the fixed link is the left-right direction, the front-rear direction, or the machine tool such that the other end is closer to the table in the plane than the one end of the fixed link, or The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the machine tool is inclined with respect to a direction along the vertical direction.

Images