JP2014191013A - Virtual image display device and projector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a virtual image display device capable of being reduced in size, and facilitating alignment work in mounting an image display element such as a liquid crystal display panel or the like.SOLUTION: Since an element case 88 is directly fixed to a barrel 39, an image display element 82 such as a liquid crystal display panel or the like can be connected to a projection optical system while aligning them with each other in a reduced space. Since the image display element 82 is supported by the element case 88 via an outer surface (cut reference surface) S1, the image display element 82 can be simply and accurately positioned with respect to the element case 88. Thus, the element case 88 can be fixed to a projection lens (projection optical system) 30 with a small alignment margin. Accordingly, a connection mechanism for connecting the element case 88 and the projection lens (projection optical system) 30 can be reduced in size, and the size reduction of a virtual image display device 100 is facilitated.

Description

  The present invention relates to a virtual image display device and a projector that present an image formed by a video display element to an observer, and more particularly to a virtual image display device and a small projector that are suitable for a head-mounted display attached to the observer's head.

Various types of virtual image display devices such as a head mounted display (hereinafter also referred to as HMD) to be mounted on the observer's head have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
As for a virtual image display device such as an HMD, it is desired to achieve a wide angle of view without degrading image quality while progressing downsizing and weight reduction. Further, if the entire field of view of the observer is covered and only the image light can be seen, the state of the outside world is not known to the observer and anxiety is given. Rather, a new use like virtual reality is created by creating a see-through that allows you to see the image superimposed on the outside world. For this reason, there is a demand for a display that displays video light in an overlapping manner without obstructing the visual field of the outside world.

  In consideration of the above situation, by using a see-through light guide device that is placed in front of the viewer's eyes, the viewer's wearing feeling is improved close to the shape of the glasses and the appearance is improved. be able to. In this case, with respect to the optical system for visually recognizing the image, for example, there is an aspect in which the image light formed by the liquid crystal display panel and the projection optical device arranged on the side surface of the head is guided to the front of the eyes with a perspective prism. Possible (see Patent Document 1).

  By the way, in order to reduce the size of the virtual image display device, it is particularly important to reduce the size of the holding member of the liquid crystal display panel and to simplify the alignment at the time of attachment. In general, the liquid crystal display panel is often held by a protective holder and connected to a projection optical system together with the holder. The attachment error at that time is eliminated by fixing the holder while aligning it with a slight displacement with respect to the projection optical system. However, since the surface of the liquid crystal display panel that is divided by the glass substrate is exposed, the liquid crystal display panel is not precisely positioned with respect to the holder, and there is a margin for slight displacement of the holder. It is necessary to make it large, and the connecting portion between the holder and the projection optical system tends to be large. Here, it is conceivable to reduce the size of the connection portion by precisely positioning and fixing the liquid crystal display panel with respect to the holder in advance, but there is a problem that the manufacturing process becomes complicated. Note that the problem caused by the request for downsizing around the liquid crystal display panel is not limited to a virtual image display device such as an HMD, and may occur in the same way even when, for example, the projector is further downsized. is there.

JP 2012-163640 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background art, and provides a virtual image display device and a projector that can be miniaturized and facilitate alignment when mounting a liquid crystal display panel or other video display elements. The purpose is to do.

  To achieve the above object, a virtual image display device according to the present invention includes a video display element, an element case that houses and supports the video display element, a projection optical system that projects light from the video display element, and a projection And a light guide device for visually recognizing an image by directing light from the optical system toward an observer's eye, and the projection optical system has a lens barrel that houses and supports at least a part of the optical elements of the constituent elements. The video display element has a cutting reference plane, and is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane.

  In the virtual image display device, since the video display element is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane, the video display element can be easily and precisely positioned with respect to the element case. As a result, the element case can be fixed to the projection optical system with a small alignment margin, the connection mechanism between the element case and the projection optical system can be miniaturized, and the virtual image display apparatus can be miniaturized. It becomes easy.

  In a specific aspect of the present invention, in the virtual image display device, the element case is directly fixed to the lens barrel. In this case, the liquid crystal display panel and other video display elements can be connected to the projection optical system while being aligned in a space-saving manner.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the cutting reference surface is a dicing surface as a cutting trace. In this case, relatively precise positioning using a dicing surface for individualization becomes possible.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the cutting reference plane forms a first stepped portion, and the element case has a shape corresponding to the first stepped portion of the cutting reference plane and faces the first stepped portion. A second stepped portion. In this case, the video display element can be fixed so as to be fitted into the element case.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the first stepped portion has an outer surface extending in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the image display element as a cutting reference plane, and the second stepped portion of the element case is formed on the outer surface. And has an inner surface extending opposite to the inner surface. In this case, positioning can be performed by bringing the outer surface of the first step-shaped portion close to the inner surface of the second step-shaped portion.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the video display element includes a first substrate having a cutting reference plane and a second substrate facing the first substrate.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the element case includes a first support portion that supports the cutting reference plane by fitting, and a second support portion that covers the opposite side of the cutting reference plane of the image display element. In this case, the image display element can be held and fixed so as to be sandwiched from both sides by the element case.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the first support portion includes a plurality of first support portions for positioning the video display element in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the video display element on the inner side surface facing the cutting reference plane of the video display element. With protrusions. In this case, it becomes easy to insert the image display element into the first support portion, and if the plurality of protrusions have a certain degree of elasticity, it is easy to absorb the dimensional tolerance with the image display element by deformation of the protrusions. Become.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the video display element is a rectangular plate-like body, and the plurality of protrusions are formed at two locations along the long side of the video display element. By appropriately setting the interval between the two protrusions, the positioning of the video display element is stabilized.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the first support portion has a second stepped portion that fits into the first stepped portion including the cutting reference plane. In this case, the video display element can be precisely positioned and fixed by fitting the steps.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, a groove extending along the edge is provided between the first support portion and the second support portion and outside the first step-like portion and the second step-like portion. It is possible to suppress the adhesive from protruding around the video display element.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the groove extends along a side from which an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuits) portion is drawn out of the four sides of the video display element. In this case, the flow of resin that protrudes to the FPC part side can be restricted.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the element case is formed of a light-shielding member, and the first or second support portion has a diaphragm facing the lens barrel. In this case, stray light can be prevented from being generated while simplifying the connection between the lens barrel and the element case.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the element case has a fitting portion that is fitted to the lens barrel in a state in which play is provided in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and is bonded via the fitting portion. It is fixed to the lens barrel by adhesion using an agent. In this case, the element case can be fixed to the projection optical system side via the fitting portion while positioning in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis using the fitting portion.

  In still another aspect of the present invention, the camera further includes a frame that supports the projection optical system and the light guide device so that the light guide device is disposed in front of the observer's eyes. In this case, the element case or the image display element is fixed to the frame via the projection optical system. The projection optical system and the light guide device are fixed to each other via a frame.

  To achieve the above object, a projector according to the present invention includes an image display element, an element case that houses and supports the image display element, and a projection optical system that projects light from the image display element. The display element has a cutting reference plane and is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane.

In the projector, since the video display element is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane, the video display element can be easily and precisely positioned with respect to the element case. As a result, the element case can be fixed to the projection optical system with a small margin for alignment, the connection mechanism between the element case and the projection optical system can be miniaturized, and miniaturization of the projector can be easily achieved. .
In the virtual image display device, the projection optical system may include a lens barrel that houses and supports at least a part of the constituent optical elements, and the element case is directly fixed to the lens barrel. And can. In this case, since the element case is directly fixed to the lens barrel, the liquid crystal display panel and other video display elements can be connected to the projection optical system while being aligned in a space-saving manner.

1 is a perspective view for briefly explaining the appearance of a virtual image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) is an external perspective view of a virtual image display device, and (B) is a perspective view showing an internal structure in which a frame and an exterior member are removed from the virtual image display device. (A) is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the exterior member etc. in order to demonstrate the structure of a 1st display apparatus among virtual image display apparatuses, (B) is the image display integrated in the 1st display apparatus. It is side sectional drawing explaining the structure of an apparatus and a projection lens. It is sectional drawing in the symmetry plane regarding the upper and lower sides of the 1st display apparatus which comprises a virtual image display apparatus. It is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram explaining an image display apparatus. (A) is the figure which looked at the 1st support part of the case for elements from the light emission side, (B) is a partial perspective view of the 1st support part shown to (A), (C) These are side views explaining the structure of a video display element. (A) And (B) is a perspective view explaining the external appearance of the light guide apparatus or the optical member incorporated in the 1st display apparatus. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the fixing method to the flame | frame of a light guide member and a projection lens among virtual image display apparatuses. It is a figure which shows an example of a projector typically. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the case for elements of a modification.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a virtual image display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the virtual image display device 100 according to the present embodiment is a head-mounted display having an appearance like glasses, and image light based on a virtual image is given to an observer or a user wearing the virtual image display device 100. Can be visually recognized, and the observer can visually recognize or observe the outside world image with see-through. The virtual image display device 100 includes first and second optical members 101a and 101b that cover the front of an observer so as to be seen through, a frame portion 102 that supports both optical members 101a and 101b, and rear sides from both left and right ends of the frame portion 102. 1st and 2nd image formation main-body parts 105a and 105b added to the part over the vine part (temple) 104 are provided. Here, the first display device 100A in which the first optical member 101a on the left side and the first image forming main body portion 105a in the drawing are combined is a portion that forms a virtual image for the right eye, and can be used alone as a virtual image display device. Function. Further, the second display device 100B in which the second optical member 101b on the right side in the drawing and the second image forming main body portion 105b are combined is a portion that forms a virtual image for the left eye, and functions alone as a virtual image display device. To do.

  FIG. 2A is a perspective view for explaining the front side appearance of the virtual image display device 100, and FIG. 2B is a front side perspective view in which the virtual image display device 100 is partially disassembled.

  As illustrated, the frame portion 102 provided in the virtual image display device 100 includes a frame 107 disposed on the upper side and a protector 108 disposed on the lower side. Of the frame portion 102, an upper frame 107 shown in FIG. 2A is an elongated plate-like member bent in a U shape within the XZ plane, and a front portion 107a extending in the horizontal direction (X direction) on the left and right. And a pair of side surface portions 107b and 107c extending in the front-rear depth direction (Z direction). The frame 107, that is, the front surface portion 107a and the side surface portions 107b and 107c are metal integrated parts formed of aluminum die casting or other various metal materials. The width of the front portion 107a in the depth direction (Z direction) is sufficiently thicker than the thickness or width of the light guide device 20 corresponding to the first and second optical members 101a and 101b. The first optical member 101a and the first image forming main body 105a are located on the left side of the frame 107, specifically, on the side end 65a, which is the portion from the left end to the side 107b in the front 107a. It is supported by being aligned and fixed directly by screwing. Further, the second optical member 101b and the second image forming main body portion 105b are provided on the right side of the frame 107, specifically, on the side end portion 65b that is a portion from the right end portion toward the side surface portion 107c toward the front portion 107a. Are supported by being aligned and fixed directly by screwing. The first optical member 101a and the first image forming body 105a are aligned with each other by fitting, and the second optical member 101b and the second image forming body 105b are aligned with each other by fitting.

  A protector 108 shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) is an under rim-like member, and is disposed and fixed below the frame 107 shown in FIG. 2 (A). The central part 108g of the protector 108 is fixed to the central part 107g of the frame 107 by fitting and screwing. The protector 108 is an elongated plate-like member bent into a two-stage crank shape, and is integrally formed from a metal material or a resin material. The first tip portion 108i of the protector 108 is fixed in a state of being fitted into a recess 105i provided in the outer member 105e of the cover-shaped exterior member 105d that covers the first image forming main body portion 105a. Further, the second tip end portion 108j of the protector 108 is fixed in a state of being fitted into a recess 105j provided in the outer member 105e among the cover-shaped exterior member 105d that covers the second image forming main body portion 105b.

  The frame 107 not only supports the first and second image forming main body portions 105a and 105b, but also protects the inside of the first and second image forming main body portions 105a and 105b in cooperation with the exterior member 105d. Have. Note that the frame 107 and the protector 108 are separated from or loosely contacted with the oval peripheral portion of the light guide device 20 excluding the root side connected to the first and second image forming main body portions 105a and 105b. . For this reason, even if there is a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the central light guide device 20 and the frame portion 102 including the frame 107 and the protector 108, the light guide device 20 is allowed to expand in the frame portion 102. The light guide device 20 can be prevented from being distorted, deformed or damaged.

  A nose receiving portion 40 is provided along with the frame 107. The nose receiving portion 40 has a role of supporting the frame portion 102 by coming into contact with the observer's nose. That is, the frame portion 102 is disposed in front of the observer's face by the nose support portion 40 supported by the nose and the pair of temple portions 104 supported by the ears. The nose receiving portion 40 is screwed so that it is sandwiched by the central portion 108g of the other protector 108 constituting the frame portion 102 at the central portion 107g of the front portion 107a of the one frame 107 constituting the frame portion 102. It is fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the first display device 100A can be viewed as including a projection see-through device 70, which is a projection optical system, and an image display device 80 that forms image light. The projection see-through device 70 has a role of projecting the image formed by the first image forming main body 105a as a virtual image onto the eyes of the observer. The projection see-through device 70 includes a light guide member 10 for light guide and see-through, a light transmitting member 50 for see-through, and a projection lens 30 for image formation. That is, the first optical member 101 a or the light guide device 20 is configured by the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50, and the first image forming main body portion 105 a is configured by the image display device 80 and the projection lens 30. .

  Hereinafter, the image display device 80 and the projection lens 30 constituting the first image forming main body 105a will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The image display device 80 includes an illumination device 81 that emits illumination light, a video display element 82 that is a transmissive spatial light modulator, and a drive control unit 84 that controls operations of the illumination device 81 and the video display element 82. Have.

  The illumination device 81 of the image display device 80 includes a light source 81a that generates light including three colors of red, green, and blue, and a backlight light guide unit 81b that diffuses light from the light source into a light beam having a rectangular cross section. Have The video display element 82 is formed of, for example, a liquid crystal display device, and spatially modulates illumination light from the illumination device 81 to form image light to be a display target such as a moving image. The drive control unit 84 includes a light source drive circuit 84a and a liquid crystal drive circuit 84b. The light source driving circuit 84a supplies electric power to the illumination device 81 to emit illumination light with a stable luminance. The liquid crystal driving circuit 84b outputs an image signal or a driving signal to the video display element 82, thereby forming color video light or image light as a source of a moving image or a still image as a transmittance pattern. Note that the liquid crystal driving circuit 84b can have an image processing function, but an external control circuit can also have an image processing function.

  The projection lens 30 is a projection optical system including three optical elements 31 to 33 as components, and includes a lens barrel 39 that houses and supports these optical elements 31 to 33. The optical elements 31 to 33 are, for example, aspheric lenses, and form an intermediate image corresponding to the display image of the video display element 82 inside the light guide member 10 in cooperation with a part of the light guide member 10. The lens barrel 39 has an engagement member 39a having a rectangular frame shape on the front end side. The engaging member 39 a is positioned on the second light guide portion 12 side of the light guide member 10, thereby enabling the light guide member 10 to be positioned with respect to the lens barrel 39.

  Hereinafter, the video display element 82 and the surrounding structure will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the video display element 82 is housed inside a housing-like element case 88 and is held so as not to move. The video display element 82 is a liquid crystal display panel as described above, and has a structure in which the functional layer 82c is sandwiched between the first substrate 82a and the second substrate 82b facing each other. The 1st board | substrate 82a is arrange | positioned at the light source side, and the 1st polarizing plate 86a is affixed on the surface 82g which is the main surface of the 1st board | substrate 82a. The second substrate 82b is a display-side substrate disposed on the image light emission side, and a second polarizing plate 86b is attached on the surface 82h that is the main surface of the second substrate 82b. The first substrate 82a is separated from a glass substrate and has a first stepped portion 82s around it. The first stepped portion 82s is formed by dicing, and has an outer surface S1 that is a dicing surface or a cutting reference surface constituting a cutting trace, and a step surface S2 as a cutting trace bottom surface. The outer side surface (cutting reference surface) S1 extends perpendicular to the main surface 82g and extends parallel to the optical axis AX5, and the step surface S2 extends substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis AX5. Note that the outer surface (cutting reference surface) S1 is processed with relatively high precision, and is disposed corresponding to the pixel pattern of the functional layer 82c. On the other hand, the side surface S4 formed by the fracture has a relatively low shape accuracy due to the formation process. The second substrate 82b does not have the first stepped portion 82s unlike the first substrate 82a in the illustrated example, but may have the first stepped portion 82s similarly to the first substrate 82a. An FPC portion 82k as wiring extends from the second substrate 82b. The functional layer 82c encapsulated between the first substrate 82a and the second substrate 82b bonded to each other includes a liquid crystal layer, which will not be described in detail, and this liquid crystal layer has a transparent electrode and a color filter on the inner surface. The polarization state of the illumination light is switched by being sandwiched between the formed first substrate 82a and the second substrate 82b formed with a transparent pattern electrode or TFT on the inner surface.

  The element case 88 includes a first support portion 88a that supports the first substrate 82a of the video display element 82 by fitting, and a second support portion 88b that covers the second substrate 82b of the video display element 82. Both support portions 88a and 88b are molded articles formed of a light-shielding resin material. One first support portion 88a is a rectangular frame-shaped member having a rectangular opening 88o, and the first polarizing plate 86a and the first substrate 82a are exposed in the rectangular opening 88o. That is, the periphery of the rectangular opening 88o is a stop 88n that suppresses the generation of stray light. The other second support portion 88b is a rectangular frame member having a rectangular opening 88p, and the second polarizing plate 86b and the second substrate 82b are exposed in the rectangular opening 88p. That is, the periphery of the rectangular opening 88p is a diaphragm 88m that suppresses the generation of stray light.

  In the element case 88, the shallow depression formed inside the first support portion 88a is a rectangular second stepped portion along the rectangular opening 88o as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B). 88s. The second stepped portion 88s has a shape corresponding to the first stepped portion 82s provided on the first substrate 82a of the video display element 82, and faces the first stepped portion 82s. Specifically, the second stepped portion 88s includes an inner side surface S21 as a support surface extending parallel to the optical axis AX5, and a pair of frame surfaces S22, S23 extending in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis AX5. .

  The second stepped portion 88s of the element case 88 is engaged with the first stepped portion 82s of the video display element 82. In other words, the inner side surface S21 of the second stepped portion 88s extends parallel to and close to (including abutment with) the outer surface (cutting reference surface) S1 of the first stepped portion 82s, and the first support portion 88a. On the other hand, the image display element 82 can be positioned and arranged in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis AX5. In particular, two protrusions 85a each having an inner surface S21a are formed at the ends of the pair of frame portions 88t along the longitudinal direction AB of the image display element 82 in the second stepped portion 88s. By these protrusions 85a, the video display element 82 fitted into the first substrate 82a is positioned with respect to a direction perpendicular to the main surface (particularly, the lateral direction CD). By providing the plurality of protrusions 85a protruding on the frame surface S22 in this manner, the image display element 82 can be easily inserted into the first support portion 88a, and the plurality of protrusions 85a have a certain degree of elasticity. The dimensional tolerance between the display element 82 and the first support portion 88a can be easily absorbed by the deformation of the protrusion 85a, and the support and positioning of the video display element 82 are stabilized. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6A, along the side (the lower side in FIG. 6A) from which the FPC portion 82k is drawn out of the pair of frame portions 88t constituting the second stepped portion 88s. Thus, a long and thin shallow groove 87d is formed. The groove 87d prevents the uncured adhesive or resin from flowing out along the FPC portion 82k when the video display element 82 is fitted into the first support portion 88a and joined with the adhesive. .

  The frame surface S23 of the second stepped portion 88s is in contact with the edge of the first polarizing plate 86a of the image display element 82, and the image display element 82 is in the direction of the optical axis AX5 with respect to the first support portion 88a. Can be positioned and arranged. The frame surface S22 of the second stepped portion 88s can be brought into contact with the step surface S2 constituting the first stepped portion 82s of the video display element 82. In this case, instead of the frame surface S23 of the second stepped portion 88s, or together with the frame surface S23, the image display element 82 can be positioned and arranged with respect to the optical axis AX5 direction by the frame surface S22.

  In the first support portion 88a, an adhesive 89 is filled at appropriate positions around the first substrate 82a of the video display element 82. For example, a silicone-based adhesive is used as the adhesive 89, and the image display element 82 can be fixed to the first support portion 88a with high durability. On the other hand, in the second support portion 88b, the adhesive 89 is also filled in appropriate places around the second substrate 82b of the video display element 82. As a result, the first support portion 88a and the second support portion 88b are integrally fixed so as to sandwich the video display element 82. As shown in FIG. 6A and the like, the four tabs 87a extending from the four corners of the first support portion 88a in the direction parallel to the optical axis are used to fix the first support portion 88a to the second support portion 88b. In addition, it is arranged so as to sandwich the side surface of the second support portion 88b to ensure the positioning and fixing of both the support portions 88a and 88b. By using such a tab 87a, an opening 80o is formed on the side surface of the element case 88 as shown in FIG. In this way, by using the tab 87a, the lateral width of the element case 88 can be minimized, and the device can be downsized.

  The second support portion 88b of the element case 88 is formed with a pair of projecting members 88u and 88v extending in parallel with the optical axis AX5. These projecting members 88u and 88v are fitting portions that fit loosely with the rear end portion 39h so as to sandwich the rear end portion 39h of the lens barrel 39 of the projection lens (projection optical system) 30 from above and below. Used to fix 88 to the lens barrel 39. That is, the adhesive 98 is filled between the inner surfaces 88w of the projecting members (fitting portions) 88u and 88v and the side surface 39w of the lens barrel 39, and the adhesive is made after the element case 88 is aligned with the lens barrel 39. 98 is cured, and the element case 88 is fixed to the lens barrel 39.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50 are fixed to each other to form an integrated light guide device 20. The light guide device 20 is a light-transmitting optical block-like or prism-like member that guides the image light to the observer's eyes while reflecting the image light inside. The main body part surrounded by the peripheral part of the light guide device 20 has an oval outline. Here, the light transmitting member 50 is disposed in the extending direction so as to be connected to the distal end side of the light guide member 10, that is, the emission side or the first light guide part 11 on the light emission side, and is joined by bonding using an adhesive. It is fixed to the first light guide portion 11. The light guide device 20 in which the light guide member 10 and the light transmission member 50 are combined corresponds to the first optical member 101a in FIG. Of the peripheral portion of the light guide device (optical member) 20, on the upper side near the frame 107, a rib 10 n is formed that is fitted into a limiting portion 107 n (see FIG. 8B) provided on the lower surface of the frame 107. ing. Due to the presence of the first rib 10n, the displacement of the light guide device 20 in the depth direction (Z direction) is limited.

  Hereinafter, the assembly of the first display device 100A to the frame 107 will be described with reference to FIG. The image display element 82 of the image display device 80 that constitutes the first image forming main body 105 a uses the projecting members (fitting parts) 88 u and 88 v in the state of being accommodated in the element case 88, and the projection lens 30. The lens barrel 39 is fixed to the rear end 39h. When the image display element 82 accommodated in the element case 88 is fixed to the lens barrel 39, the element case 88 accommodating the image display element 82 is slightly displaced in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby causing the lens barrel to be displaced. Alignment or position adjustment with respect to 39 is performed. A thin plate-like illumination device 81 is attached in advance to the back surface of the image display element 82 (on the opposite side of the projection lens 30). The projection lens 30 is directly fixed to a first fixing portion 61 f provided at the side end portion 65 a of the frame 107 using an attachment portion 39 g formed so as to be embedded in the lens barrel 39. At the time of such fixing, the back surface 68f of the first fixing portion 61f and the upper end surface of the mounting portion 39g are brought into contact with each other to achieve alignment, and the screw 61t is screwed into the mounting portion 39g through the screw hole 61s. Possible and secure fixing is possible. At this time, the boss 39x provided in the lens barrel 39 is fitted into the boss hole 61x of the frame 107, the rotation of the lens barrel 39 is restricted, and the positioning related to the rotation is also performed. On the other hand, the light guide device 20 that is the first optical member 101a is attached to the second fixing portion 61e provided at the side end portion 65a of the frame 107 by using the protruding attachment portion 10g formed on the neck portion. Directly fixed. The mounting portion 10g is erected so as to extend around the incident side or the light incident side portion of the light guide device 20, specifically, around the boundary between the first light guide portion 11 and the second light guide portion 12. ing. At the time of such fixing, the abutting surface 68e provided at the front portion of the second fixing portion 61e and the back surface 10k of the mounting portion 10g come into contact with each other to achieve alignment, and the screw 61v is screwed into the screw hole 61u. Removable and reliable fixing is possible by screwing over 10u.

  The light guide device 20 is fitted to a rectangular frame-shaped engagement member 39 a that is provided with a distal end portion 12 j of the light guide member 10 on the second light guide portion 12 side provided on the front end side of the lens barrel 39 of the projection lens 30. By doing so, it is locked in a state of being positioned with respect to the projection lens 30. That is, when the light guide member 10 provided in the light guide device 20 is fixed to the second fixing portion 61e of the frame 107, the distal end portion 12j on the second light guide portion 12 side is placed in the engaging member 39a of the lens barrel 39. Insert to fit. At this time, the side surface 12m of the distal end portion 12j contacts the inner surface 39m of the engaging member 39a, thereby achieving alignment. Thereafter, although detailed description is omitted, the protector 108 is fixed to the frame 107 so as to sandwich the nose receiving portion 40 at the central portion 107g. Through the above steps, an assembly of the frame 107, the projection see-through device 70, and the protector 108 can be obtained.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2A, the outer member 105 e of the exterior member 105 d is fixed to the assembly of the frame 107 and the projection see-through device 70. The external member 105e is fixed by fitting with the frame 107 or the projection lens 30, screw fastening to the mounting portion 39g of the projection lens 30, or the like. At this time, the tip portions 108i and 108j of the protector 108 already fixed to the frame 107 are fitted and fixed to the recesses 105i and 105j formed in the outer member 105e. Next, the inner member 105f is fitted into the outer member 105e and fixed to the outer member 105e by screwing. Thereby, in the space between the inner member 105f and the outer member 105e, the base side of the light guide device 20 and the projection lens 30, the image display device 80, and the side surface portion of the frame 107 constituting the projection see-through device 70. 107b and a part of 107c are accommodated.

  The temple portion 104 is fixed to the distal ends of a pair of side surface portions 107 b and 107 c provided on the frame 107. The connecting portion between the temple portion 104 and the side surface portions 107b and 107c can have a hinge structure. In this case, the temple portion 104 can be folded.

  The second display device 100B shown in FIG. 1 has a structure similar to that of the first display device 100A, and is simply reversed in the left-right symmetry, so the structure of the second display device 100B. Description of functions, assembly, etc. is omitted.

  With reference to FIG. 4, details of functions and operations of the projection fluoroscopic device 70 will be described. Of the projection see-through device 70, the light guide member 10 that is a part of the light guide device 20 is an arcuate member that is curved along the face in plan view. Of the light guide member 10, the first light guide portion 11 is disposed on the center side close to the nose, that is, on the light emitting side, and has a first surface S 11, a second surface S 12, The second light guide portion 12 is disposed on the peripheral side away from the nose, that is, on the light incident side, and has a fourth surface S14, a fifth surface S15, and a side surface having an optical function. Have Among these, the first surface S11 and the fourth surface S14 are continuously adjacent, and the third surface S13 and the fifth surface S15 are continuously adjacent. In addition, the second surface S12 is disposed between the first surface S11 and the third surface S13, and the fourth surface S14 and the fifth surface S15 are adjacent to each other at a large angle.

  In the light guide member 10, the first surface S11 is a free-form surface having the emission side optical axis AXO parallel to the Z axis as a central axis, and the second surface S12 is a reference surface (cross section shown) parallel to the XZ surface. The third surface S13 is a free-form surface having the emission-side optical axis AXO as the central axis. The third surface S13 is a free-form surface having the optical axis AX1 inclined with respect to the Z-axis as a central axis. The fourth surface S14 is centered on a parallel optical axis AX5 slightly inclined with respect to a bisector of a pair of optical axes AX3 and AX4 included in the reference plane parallel to the XZ plane and inclined with respect to the Z axis. The fifth surface S15 is a free-form surface as an axis, and is included in the reference plane parallel to the XZ plane and inclined with respect to the Z axis, or a bisector of a pair of optical axes AX4 and AX5 This is a free-form surface with a line forming a small angle as the central axis. The first to fifth surfaces S11 to S15 described above are vertically (or vertically) across a reference surface (cross section in the figure) extending horizontally (or laterally) and parallel to the XZ plane and through which the optical axes AX1 to AX5 and the like pass. ) With respect to the Y-axis direction.

  The main body 10s of the light guide member 10 is formed of a resin material exhibiting high light transmittance in the visible range, and is molded by, for example, injecting and solidifying a thermoplastic resin in a mold. In addition, as a material of the main body 10s, for example, a cycloolefin polymer or the like can be used. Although the main body 10s is an integrally formed product, the light guide member 10 can be functionally divided into the first light guide portion 11 and the second light guide portion 12 as described above. The first light guide portion 11 allows the image light GL to be guided and emitted, and allows the external light HL to be seen through. The second light guide portion 12 allows the image light GL to be incident and guided.

  In the first light guide portion 11, the first surface S11 functions as a refracting surface that emits the image light GL to the outside of the first light guide portion 11, and also functions as a total reflection surface that totally reflects the image light GL on the inner surface side. To do. The first surface S11 is arranged in front of the eye EY and has a concave shape with respect to the observer. The first surface S11 is a surface formed by the hard coat layer 27 applied to the surface of the main body 10s.

  The second surface S12 is the surface of the main body 10s, and the half mirror layer 15 is attached to the surface. The half mirror layer 15 is a light-transmissive reflective film (that is, a semi-transmissive reflective film). The half mirror layer (semi-transmissive reflective film) 15 is formed not on the entire second surface S12 but on the partial area PA in which the second surface S12 is narrowed mainly in the vertical direction along the Y axis (FIG. 7). (See (A)). The half mirror layer 15 is formed by forming a metal reflective film or a dielectric multilayer film on the partial area PA in the lower ground of the main body 10s. The reflectance of the half mirror layer 15 with respect to the video light GL is set to be 10% or more and 50% or less in the assumed incident angle range of the video light GL from the viewpoint of facilitating observation of the external light HL by see-through. The reflectance of the half mirror layer 15 of the specific embodiment with respect to the video light GL is set to 20%, for example, and the transmittance with respect to the video light GL is set to 80%, for example.

  The third surface S13 functions as a total reflection surface that totally reflects the video light GL on the inner surface side. The third surface S13 is arranged in front of the eye EY, and has a concave shape with respect to the observer, like the first surface S11, and allows the first surface S11 and the third surface S13 to pass therethrough. When the external light HL is viewed, the diopter is substantially zero. The third surface S13 is a surface formed by the hard coat layer 27 applied to the surface of the main body 10s.

  In the second light guide portion 12, the fourth surface S14 functions as a total reflection surface that totally reflects the video light GL on the inner surface side. The fourth surface S14 also functions as a refracting surface that allows the image light GL to enter the second light guide portion 12. The fourth surface S14 is a surface formed by the hard coat layer 27 applied to the surface of the main body 10s.

  In the second light guide portion 12, the fifth surface S15 is formed by forming a light reflecting film RM formed of an inorganic material on the surface of the main body 10s, and functions as a reflecting surface.

  The light transmissive member 50 is fixed integrally with the light guide member 10 as described above to form one light guide device 20. The light transmissive member 50 is a member (auxiliary optical block) that assists the see-through function of the light guide member 10, and includes a first transmissive surface S51, a second transmissive surface S52, and a third side surface having an optical function. And a transmission surface S53. Here, the second transmission surface S52 is disposed between the first transmission surface S51 and the third transmission surface S53. The first transmission surface S51 is on a curved surface obtained by extending the first surface S11 of the light guide member 10, and the second transmission surface S52 is joined and integrated with the second surface S12 by the adhesive layer CC. It is a curved surface, and the third transmission surface S53 is on a curved surface obtained by extending the third surface S13 of the light guide member 10. Among these, since 2nd transmissive surface S52 and 2nd surface S12 of the light guide member 10 are integrated by joining via the thin contact bonding layer CC, they have the shape of the substantially same curvature.

  The light transmissive member (auxiliary optical block) 50 exhibits high light transmittance in the visible range, and the main body portion of the light transmissive member 50 is a thermoplastic resin material having substantially the same refractive index as the main body 10 s of the light guide member 10. Is formed. The light transmitting member 50 is formed by bonding a main body portion to the main body 10s of the light guide member 10 and then forming a hard coat together with the main body 10s in the bonded state. That is, the light transmitting member 50 is the same as the light guiding member 10, but the hard coat layer 27 is applied to the surface of the main body portion. The first transmission surface S51 and the third transmission surface S53 are surfaces formed by the hard coat layer 27 applied to the surface of the main body portion.

  Hereinafter, an optical path of the image light GL and the like in the virtual image display device 100 will be described. The video light GL emitted from the video display element (video element) 82 is converged by the projection lens 30 and has a positive refractive power provided on the light guide member 10 (hereinafter, the power of the reflective surface is replaced with a refractive surface). It is incident on the fourth surface S14.

  The video light GL that has passed through the fourth surface S14 of the light guide member 10 proceeds while converging, and is reflected by the fifth surface S15 having a relatively weak positive refractive power when passing through the second light guide portion 12. Then, the light enters the fourth surface S14 again from the inside and is reflected while receiving a positive refractive power.

  The image light GL reflected by the fourth surface S14 of the second light guide portion 12 is incident on the third surface S13 having a relatively weak positive refractive power and totally reflected by the first light guide portion 11, and is compared. Is incident on the first surface S11 having weak negative refractive power and is totally reflected. The video light GL forms an intermediate image in the light guide member 10 before and after passing through the third surface S13. The image plane II of the intermediate image corresponds to the image plane OI of the video display element 82.

  The image light GL totally reflected by the first surface S11 is incident on the second surface S12. In particular, the image light GL incident on the half mirror layer 15 is partially transmitted through the half mirror layer 15 while partially transmitting. And is incident again on the first surface S11 and passes therethrough. The half mirror layer 15 acts as a layer having a relatively strong positive refractive power with respect to the image light GL reflected here. Further, the first surface S11 acts as having negative refractive power with respect to the video light GL passing through the first surface S11.

  The video light GL that has passed through the first surface S11 enters the pupil of the observer's eye EY or an equivalent position thereof as a substantially parallel light beam. That is, the observer observes an image formed on the video display element (video element) 82 by the video light GL as a virtual image.

  On the other hand, among the external light HL, the light incident on the −X side from the second surface S12 of the light guide member 10 passes through the third surface S13 and the first surface S11 of the first light guide portion 11, At this time, positive and negative refractive powers are canceled and aberration is corrected. That is, the observer observes an external image with little distortion through the light guide member 10. Similarly, of the external light HL, the light incident on the + X side from the second surface S12 of the light guide member 10, that is, the light incident on the light transmission member 50 is the third transmission surface S53 provided on the light transmission member 50. When passing through one transmission surface S51, positive and negative refractive powers are canceled and aberration is corrected. That is, the observer observes an external image with little distortion through the light transmission member 50. Further, of the external light HL, the light incident on the light transmission member 50 corresponding to the second surface S12 of the light guide member 10 has positive and negative refraction when passing through the third transmission surface S53 and the first surface S11. The force is canceled and the aberration is corrected. That is, the observer observes an external image with little distortion through the light transmission member 50. The second surface S12 of the light guide member 10 and the second transmission surface S52 of the light transmission member 50 both have substantially the same curved surface shape, have substantially the same refractive index, and the gap between them is substantially the same. The adhesive layer CC is filled with the same refractive index. That is, the second surface S12 of the light guide member 10 and the second transmission surface S52 of the light transmission member 50 do not act as effective refractive surfaces with respect to the external light HL.

  However, since the external light HL incident on the half mirror layer 15 is partially reflected while partially transmitting through the half mirror layer 15, the external light HL from the direction corresponding to the half mirror layer 15 is The transmittance of the half mirror layer 15 is weakened. On the other hand, since the video light GL is incident from the direction corresponding to the half mirror layer 15, the observer can view the outside world together with the image formed on the video display element (video element) 82 in the direction of the half mirror layer 15. You will observe the image.

  Of the image light GL propagated in the light guide member 10 and incident on the second surface S <b> 12, the image light GL not reflected by the half mirror layer 15 enters the light transmissive member 50, but is provided in the light transmissive member 50. Returning to the light guide member 10 is prevented by an anti-reflection portion (not shown). That is, the image light GL that has passed through the second surface S12 is prevented from returning to the optical path and becoming stray light. In addition, the external light HL incident from the light transmitting member 50 side and reflected by the half mirror layer 15 is returned to the light transmitting member 50, but is guided by the above-described antireflection unit (not shown) provided in the light transmitting member 50. It is prevented from being emitted to the optical member 10. That is, it is possible to prevent the external light HL reflected by the half mirror layer 15 from returning to the optical path and becoming stray light.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the virtual image display device 100 of the present embodiment, the element case 88 is directly fixed to the lens barrel 39, so that the liquid crystal display panel and other video display elements 82 are used as the projection optical system. Connection is possible while aligning in a space-saving manner. In addition, since the video display element 82 is supported by the element case 88 via the outer surface (cutting reference plane) S1, the video display element 82 can be easily and precisely positioned with respect to the element case 88. Thus, the element case 88 can be fixed to the projection lens (projection optical system) 30 with a small alignment margin, and the connection mechanism between the element case 88 and the projection lens (projection optical system) 30 can be made compact. It becomes easy to achieve miniaturization of the virtual image display device 100.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated according to embodiment, this invention is not restricted to said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, it is possible to implement in various aspects, for example, The following modifications are possible.

  In the above-described embodiment, the image display device 80 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display device or the like in the image display device 80, but the image display device 80 includes a transmissive liquid crystal display device or the like. A variety of things can be used. For example, a configuration using a reflective liquid crystal display device is also possible, and a digital micromirror device or the like can be used instead of the video display element 82 formed of a liquid crystal display device or the like. As the image display device 80, a self-luminous element typified by an LED array, OLED (organic EL), or the like can be used.

  The outer surface S1 as the cutting reference surface provided on the first substrate 82a of the video display element 82 is not limited to the first stepped portion 82s illustrated in the embodiment, but various kinds of causes caused by cutting traces. It may include a cross section. For example, when the first substrate 82a is cut with a laser, the outer side surface (cutting reference surface) S1 is a laser cut surface.

  In the above embodiment, the outer surface S1 as the cutting reference plane is provided on the first substrate 82a of the video display element 82. Instead, the outer surface S1 as the cutting reference plane is provided on the second substrate 82b. You can also. In this case, the video display element 82 is aligned and fixed to the second support portion 88 b side of the element case 88.

  The fixing method of the image display element 82 and the projection lens 30 is not limited to using the projecting members (fitting portions) 88u and 88v as in the above embodiment, and the image display element 82 is directly fixed to the lens barrel 39. Various techniques can be used.

  The frame 102 is not limited to the shape exemplified in the embodiment or the appearance similar to the frame of glasses, but may be various shapes that can bridge the projection lens 30 and the light guide device 20.

  In the above-described embodiment, the frame 107 and the projection lens 30 are separate and the projection lens 30 is fixed to the frame 107 by screwing. However, the lens barrel 39 of the projection lens 30 can be integrally formed with the frame 107. As a method for integrally forming the lens barrel 39 with the frame 107, there are methods such as outsert molding and cutting of the lens barrel after die casting integral molding.

  The light guide device 20 or the projection lens 30 can be fixed to the frame 107 by various methods, not limited to fastening by screwing.

  In the above embodiment, the engaging member 39a for the light guide device 20 is provided in the lens barrel 39 of the projection lens 30, but the lens tube 39 is fitted on the light guide device 20 side so as to sandwich the lens barrel 39, for example. An engagement member can be provided.

  In the above embodiment, the half mirror layer (semi-transmissive reflection film) 15 is formed in a horizontally long rectangular region. However, the contour of the half mirror layer 15 can be appropriately changed according to the application and other specifications. Further, the transmittance and reflectance of the half mirror layer 15 can be changed according to the application and the like.

  In the above embodiment, the half mirror layer 15 is simply a semi-transmissive film (for example, a metal reflective film or a dielectric multilayer film). However, the half mirror layer 15 can be replaced with a planar or curved hologram element. .

  In the above embodiment, the display luminance distribution in the video display element 82 is not particularly adjusted. However, in the case where a luminance difference occurs depending on the position, the display luminance distribution can be adjusted unevenly.

  In the above description, the virtual image display device 100 including the pair of display devices 100A and 100B is described. However, a single display device can be used. That is, the projection fluoroscopic device 70 and the image display device 80 are not provided for each of the right eye and the left eye, but only for either the right eye or the left eye. An image display device 80 may be provided so that the image is viewed with one eye. In this case, the frame 107 and the temple portion 104 have a shape that is symmetrically arranged as shown in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the first light S11 and the third surface S13 of the light guide member 10 are guided by totally reflecting the image light by the interface with the air without applying a mirror, a half mirror or the like on the surface. The total reflection in the virtual image display device 100 of the present invention includes reflection formed by forming a mirror coat or a half mirror film on the whole or a part of the first surface S11 or the third surface S13. For example, after the incident angle of the image light satisfies the total reflection condition, the whole or a part of the first surface S11 or the third surface S13 is subjected to mirror coating or the like, and substantially all the image light is reflected. Cases are also included. In addition, as long as image light with sufficient brightness can be obtained, the first surface S11 or the third surface S13 may be entirely or partially coated with a somewhat transmissive mirror.

  In the above description, the light guide member 10 and the like extend in the horizontal direction in which the eyes EY are arranged. However, the light guide member 10 can be arranged to extend in the vertical direction. In this case, the light guide member 10 is supported, for example, in a cantilever state at the top.

  The present invention is not limited to the virtual image display device, and can be similarly applied to, for example, a small projector, particularly a liquid crystal projector when incorporated in a small electronic device such as a portable terminal. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a liquid crystal projector 200 that can be incorporated in or connected to a small electronic device such as a portable terminal. The projector 200 includes an image display device 80 that holds the video display element 82 in a state of being housed in the element case 88 and has an illumination device 81, and a projection lens 230 that is a projection optical system. The projector 200 is connected to the main body of the electronic device via the cable CB, and various signals such as an image signal are input, and an image is formed by the video display element 82 according to the input image signal. The image formed by the projection lens 230 is projected on the screen surface SC as video light GL. Also in this case, the image display element 82 is sandwiched between the first and second support portions 88a and 88b of the element case 88, and is positioned using the first stepped portion 82s and the second stepped portion 88s. It is fixed with. The structure of the element case 88 and the like is the same as that shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a view showing a modification of the element case 88 incorporated in the projector 200 shown in FIG. In this case, the pair of engagement plates 88w extending from the second support portion 88b are fitted to the side surfaces of the first support portion 88b, and the first support portion 88b and the second support portion 88b are fixed. In this case, the periphery of the video display element 82 is covered by the first support portion 88 b and the second support portion 88 b, and no opening for exposing the video display element 82 exists on the side surface of the element case 88.

AX4 to AX5: Optical axis, GL: Video light, HL: External light, OI: Image plane, PA: Partial area, RM: Light reflection film, S1: Outer surface, S2: Step surface, S21: Inner surface, S22, S23: Frame surface, S11-S15 ... First to fifth surfaces, S51-S53 ... Transmission surface, 31-33 ... Optical element, 10 ... Light guide member, 10g ... Mounting portion, 10s ... Main body, 11, 12 ... Lead 15: Half mirror layer, 20: Light guide device, 30 ... Projection lens, 39 ... Lens barrel, 39a ... Engagement member, 39g ... Mounting portion, 39h ... Rear end, 39m ... Inner surface, 39w ... Side surface, 40 ... Nose receiving part, 50 ... Light transmission member, 61e, 61f ... Fixing part, 65a, 65b ... Side end part, 70 ... Projection fluoroscopy device, 80 ... Image display device, 81 ... Illumination device, 81a ... Light source, 81b …Backlight Optical part 82 ... Image display element 82a ... First substrate 82b ... Second substrate 82c ... Functional layer 82g, 82h ... Surface, 82s ... First stepped part 84 ... Drive control part 84a ... Light source drive Circuit, 84b ... Liquid crystal drive circuit, 86a, 86b ... Polarizing plate, 88 ... Element case, 88a ... First support part, 88b ... Second support part, 88o, 88p ... Rectangular opening, 88s ... Second step-like part, 88u, 88v ... projecting member, 88w ... inner surface, 89, 98 ... adhesive, 100 ... virtual image display device, 100A, 100B ... display device, 101a, 101b ... optical member, 102 ... frame portion, 104 ... temple portion, 105a, 105b ... Image forming main body 105d ... Exterior member 107 ... Frame 108 ... Protector 200 ... Projector 230 ... Cum lens

Claims (16)

An image display element;
An element case for accommodating and supporting the image display element;
A projection optical system for projecting light from the image display element;
A light guide device for directing light from the projection optical system toward an observer's eye and visually recognizing an image;
The projection optical system has a barrel that houses and supports at least a part of the optical elements of the constituent elements,
The image display device has a cutting reference plane, and is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane.   The virtual image display device according to claim 1, wherein the element case is directly fixed to the lens barrel.   The virtual image display device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting reference plane is a dicing plane as a cutting trace.   The cutting reference plane forms a first stepped portion, and the element case has a shape corresponding to the first stepped portion of the cutting reference plane and is opposed to the first stepped portion. The virtual image display device according to claim 1, further comprising a stepped portion.   The first stepped portion has an outer surface extending in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the image display element as the cutting reference plane, and the second stepped portion of the element case is opposed to the outer surface. The virtual image display device according to claim 3, wherein the virtual image display device has an inner side surface extending in a horizontal direction.   5. The virtual image display device according to claim 1, wherein the video display element includes a first substrate having the cutting reference plane and a second substrate facing the first substrate. 6. .   The said case for elements contains the 1st support part which supports the said cutting | disconnection reference plane by fitting, and the 2nd support part which covers the other side of the said cutting | disconnection reference plane among the said image display elements. Item 6. The virtual image display device according to any one of Items 5 to 5.   The first support portion has a plurality of protrusions for positioning the video display element in a direction perpendicular to a main surface of the video display element on an inner surface facing a cutting reference plane of the video display element. Item 7. The virtual image display device according to Item 6.   The virtual image display device according to claim 8, wherein the video display element is a rectangular plate-like body, and the plurality of protrusions are formed at two locations along a long side of the video display element.   10. The virtual image display device according to claim 8, wherein the first support portion has a second stepped portion that fits into a first stepped portion including the cutting reference plane.   The virtual image according to claim 10, further comprising a groove extending along an edge between the first support portion and the second support portion and outside the first stepped portion and the second stepped portion. Display device.   The virtual image display device according to claim 11, wherein the groove extends along a side from which an FPC portion is drawn out of four sides of the video display element.   13. The device case according to claim 1, wherein the element case is formed of a light-shielding member, and the first or second support portion has a diaphragm facing the lens barrel. Virtual image display device.   The element case has a fitting portion that fits with the lens barrel in a state of having a play in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and is bonded by an adhesive via the fitting portion. The virtual image display device according to claim 13, which is fixed to the lens barrel.   The frame according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a frame that supports the projection optical system and the light guide device so that the light guide device is disposed in front of an observer's eyes. Virtual image display device. An image display element;
An element case for accommodating and supporting the image display element;
A projection optical system for projecting light from the image display element,
The image display element has a cutting reference plane, and is supported by the element case via the cutting reference plane.

Images