JP2013215012A - Demand controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique which decreases occurrence frequency of a state in which electric power is used more than targeted value of used power per one demand time.SOLUTION: A demand controller comprises a peak time prediction unit, a consumption power prediction unit and a power control unit 38. The peak time prediction unit refers to a database 30 to obtain a peak time of power consumption consumed by a power consumption apparatus. The consumption power prediction unit refers to the database 30 to obtain a prediction value of power consumption consumed by the power consumption apparatus in each demand time existed between the start of the demand time and the peak time predicted by the peak time prediction unit. The power control unit 38 supplies power from a secondary battery 10 to the power consumption apparatus, when the prediction value of power consumption from start to finish of the demand time is more than a targeted value of power consumption for the demand time, and when the sum of each difference between the prediction value of power consumption in each demand time existed between the start of the demand time and the peak time predicted by the consumption power prediction unit and the targeted value of power consumption is less than residual charging capacity of the secondary battery 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a demand control apparatus, and more particularly to a demand control apparatus that performs demand control using a storage battery.

  A demand control system may be used to cut the peak power consumption of a power consuming device installed in a store or facility. This demand control system calculates an integrated value of power consumption by a power consuming device at a predetermined time interval (hereinafter referred to as “demand time period”), and controls the power consuming device in a demand time period when a power peak appears. The power consumption is peak cut by suppressing the power consumed by the power consuming device. Here, the one demand time period is, for example, 30 minutes.

  Some demand control systems include a storage battery that can be charged and discharged, thereby realizing a peak cut in power consumption without controlling the operation of the device. In these inventions, in order to cut the peak power, the peak cut level is often set as the target value of power consumption. Power is supplied from the storage battery during the time when power exceeding the peak cut level is required, and the storage battery is charged during the power demand time that is smaller than the peak cut level. (See JP2008-306932).

JP 2008-306832 A

  Simply supplying power from the storage battery during a time period when power exceeding the peak cut level is required, for example, if the charge capacity remaining in the storage battery is not enough for some reason, the peak cut level cannot be maintained. End up. Thus, it is considered that there is room for improvement in the technique for peak cutting of electric power.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, The objective is to provide the technique which reduces the occurrence frequency of the condition which uses electric power exceeding the target value of the electric power used per demand time limit.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a demand control apparatus. The apparatus includes: a prediction unit that predicts a predicted value of power consumption by a power consuming device at the end of the demand time period based on an environmental condition of the power consuming device at the start of a demand time period; and the prediction unit A power control unit that controls the output of the storage battery to start or increase the supply of power from the storage battery to the power consuming device when the predicted value of the predicted power consumption exceeds the target value of power consumption per demand time limit. The prediction unit corrects a predicted value of power consumption at the end of the demand time period based on the power actually consumed by the power consuming device during the demand time period, and the power control unit The power supply of the storage battery is controlled by reflecting the predicted power consumption value corrected by the prediction unit.

  Another aspect of the present invention is also a demand control device. This device is charged from commercial power and supplies the charged power to the power consuming device, the temperature of the space where the power consuming device is located, the usage time zone of the power consuming device, and the power consuming device The peak time of power consumption by the power consuming device is calculated based on the temperature data acquired at the start of the demand time period and the predicted temperature value after that. The peak time prediction unit to be acquired with reference to, and the predicted value of power consumption by the power consuming device in each demand time period existing between the start time of the demand time period and the peak time predicted by the peak time prediction part, The power consumption prediction unit that is obtained by referring to the database and the predicted value of power consumption from the start of the demand time period to the end of the demand time period In the case where the target value of power consumption per limit is exceeded, the difference between the predicted value of power consumption in each demand time period existing until the peak time predicted by the power consumption prediction unit and the target value of power consumption A power control unit configured to control the output of the storage battery to start or increase the supply of power from the storage battery to the power consuming device when the sum is less than the remaining charge of the storage battery.

  In addition, what converted the expression of this invention between a method, an apparatus, a system, a recording medium, a computer program, etc. is also effective as an aspect of this invention.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the technique which reduces the occurrence frequency of the condition which uses electric power exceeding the target value of the electric power used per demand time limit can be provided.

It is a figure which shows typically the control system which controls the showcase, refrigerator, air conditioner, etc. which are installed in the store etc. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a functional configuration of a demand control device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of a database typically. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of processing of the demand control device according to the first embodiment. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of prediction / control processing at the start of demand according to the first embodiment. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of prediction / control processing in the middle of a demand according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the internal structure of the estimation part which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of transition of the electric power consumption in one day. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of prediction / control processing at the start of demand according to the second embodiment. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of prediction / control processing in the middle of a demand according to the second embodiment. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a flow of demand control processing according to the second embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
An outline of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment supplies power from a storage battery or operates among each power consuming device when the power consumption of each power consuming device is expected to increase. The power consumption of the power consuming device is suppressed by reducing the operation amount of the thing that can reduce the amount.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a control system for demand-controlling a showcase, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, etc. installed in a store or the like. To the demand control apparatus 100 that performs demand control, each power consuming device arranged in the store, for example, a showcase 14, a refrigerator 16, an air conditioner 18, and an illumination 20 are connected. In addition, a power meter 22 for measuring power consumption and a thermometer 24 for measuring outside air temperature are connected to the demand control device 100. Furthermore, the demand control apparatus 100 is also connected to a network 26 such as the Internet, and receives remote operation from outside the store via the network 26 and acquires information such as a temperature forecast.

  Each power consuming device such as the showcase 14 operates with commercial power acquired via the transformer section 28. Each power consuming device is also connected to the storage battery 10, and can be operated by power supplied from the storage battery 10 acquired via the converter 12. The storage battery 10 can also charge commercial power acquired via the converter 12.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a functional configuration of the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The demand control device 100 includes a database 30, a prediction unit 32, a power usage amount acquisition unit 34, a comparison unit 36, a power control unit 38, a timer 40, a storage battery remaining amount acquisition unit 42, a storage battery control unit 44, and a device control unit 46. Including.

  The database 30 stores at least two conditions of the temperature of the space where the power consuming device is placed and the usage time zone of the power consuming device, and the actual value of the power consumption of the power consuming device in association with each other. The humidity of the space in which the power consuming device is placed may be associated with the power consumption in addition to the temperature and the usage time zone.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the database 30. The database 30 includes three parameters of the temperature of the space where the power consuming device is placed, its absolute humidity, and the usage time zone of the power consuming device, and the power consumption per unit time in each power consuming device such as the showcase 14. Actual values are stored in association with each other. FIG. 3 exemplifies the power consumption of each power consuming device with an outside air temperature of 20 ° C., an absolute humidity of 0.015 kg / kg, and a usage time zone of 0:30 to 0:40.

  Returning to the description of FIG. 2, the prediction unit 32 refers to the database 30 based on the environmental conditions of the power consuming device at the start of the demand time period, and uses the power consumed by the power consuming device at the end of the demand time period. Predict the predicted value of. Here, the “environmental condition” is a general term for the environment in which each power consuming device is placed and the usage conditions of the power consuming device, for example, the above-described outside temperature and use time zone. The prediction unit 32 acquires environmental conditions via the thermometer 24, the timer 40, or the network 26 and refers to the database 30. In addition, when any environmental condition cannot be acquired for some reason, the prediction unit 32 obtains an average value of values stored in the database 30 as the predicted value for the condition.

  The power consumption acquisition unit 34 acquires the power actually consumed by each power consuming device from the wattmeter 22. The comparison unit 36 compares the magnitude relationship between the predicted value of power consumption predicted by the prediction unit 32 and the target value of power consumption per one demand period. Note that the target value of power consumption per one demand period is stored in the database 30 in advance, and the comparison unit 36 reads the value from the database 30 and compares it.

  The power control unit 38 controls the output of the storage battery 10 via the storage battery control unit 44, starts or increases the supply of power from the storage battery 10 to each power consuming device, and uses each power consumption via the device control unit 46. The device is controlled, for example, the power consumption is suppressed by lowering the output of the air conditioner. Hereinafter, control of power supplied to each power consuming device by the prediction unit 32, the comparison unit 36, and the power control unit 38 will be described in detail.

  The prediction unit 32 divides 30 minutes, which is a one-demand time interval, at predetermined intervals, and determines demand control at the start of each interval. Here, the “predetermined interval” is a reference interval for control determination in which the power control unit 38 performs control determination, and is, for example, 10 minutes. When the predetermined interval is 10 minutes, the prediction unit 32 performs a total of three determinations, once at the start of the demand time period, once after 10 minutes, and once after 20 minutes. become.

  The prediction unit 32 acquires the time from the timer 40, and predicts the predicted value Pp of the power consumption of each power consuming device at the end of the demand time limit of the demand time period when the acquired time is the timing to start control of the demand time period. To do. When the predicted value Pp of power consumption exceeds a value obtained by multiplying the target value Pt of power consumption per one demand time period by a safety coefficient α, that is, when Pp> Pt × α, control is performed in the following order.

  (1) The power control unit 38 controls the output of the storage battery 10 charged in advance via the storage battery control unit 44 to start discharging, and causes the storage battery 10 to supply power to each power consuming device. When the storage battery 10 has already supplied power to each power consuming device, the power control unit 38 increases the supply amount. Here, the amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery 10 is Pp−Pt × α, and is discharged over 30 minutes, which is one demand time limit. The power control unit 38 performs the following control (2) when the remaining amount Pr of the storage battery 10 acquired via the storage battery remaining amount acquisition unit 42 is smaller than the excess amount, that is, Pr <Pp−Pt × α. I do.

  (2) The power control unit 38 controls the operation of each power consuming device through the device control unit 46 by the shortage of the storage battery 10 (Pp−Pt × α−Pr). Operation control is control which suppresses the power consumption of each power consumption apparatus, for example by dropping the operation output of the air conditioner 18 or turning off the illumination 20. Therefore, in this specification, control of operation of each power consuming device performed by the power control unit 38 via the device control unit 46 is referred to as “demand control”. About the reduction electric energy of an apparatus, it calculates using the average power consumption at the time of past apparatus operation with reference to the database 30, or using a rated power.

  (3) On the other hand, if the expected power consumption Pp in the current demand time period is smaller than Pt × α and the electricity rate such as the midnight electricity time zone is cheap, the power control unit 38 44, the battery 10 is charged during the current demand period by Pt × α−Pp.

  When the time acquired from the timer 40 is in the middle of a demand time period, the prediction unit 32 reflects the actual power value actually consumed by the power consuming device from the start of the demand time period, and the predicted power consumption value Pp. To correct. The comparison unit 36 compares the predicted value Pp of power consumption corrected by the prediction unit 32 with Pt × α. The power control unit 38 performs the following control according to the comparison result of the comparison unit 36.

  (1) In the case of Pp> Pt × α, the power control unit 38 causes the storage battery 10 to discharge so that the excess Pp−Pt × α can be applied before the end of the demand time period. When the value of Pp is changed when the storage battery 10 has already started discharging at the start of the demand time limit, the power control unit 38 corrects the amount of discharge that the storage battery 10 discharges.

  (2) When the remaining amount Pr of the storage battery 10 is less than Pp−Pt × α, the power control unit 38 performs demand control for the shortage Pp−Pt × α−Pr.

  (3) In the case of Pp ≦ Pt × α, the power control unit 38 restores the operation of the device if there is a device under demand control. If the storage battery 10 is being discharged, the power control unit 38 stops discharging the storage battery 10.

  Here, the safety coefficient α is used to adjust the judgment as to whether or not to use the power of the storage battery 10 in order to prevent the consumption of commercial power per one demand period from exceeding the target value Pt of power consumption. It is a parameter. The safety coefficient α is a real number of 0 or more, and the power of the storage battery 10 is used from the earlier stage as the value of α is smaller.

  When the comparison unit 36 compares the magnitude relationship between the predicted value Pp of power consumption predicted by the prediction unit 32 and the target value Pt of power consumption, the comparison value at the time point closer to the start of the demand time limit indicates that the predicted value is the set value. It is also possible to make a correction and compare the values so as to easily exceed.

  Specifically, the value of the safety factor α is changed according to the remaining time of the demand time limit. For example, by defining the demand time period elapsed time as t (minutes) and defining α = 0.7 + 0.01 t, the safety factor at the start of the demand time period is 0.7, the coefficient at the end is 1, and at the start of the demand time period Control that makes it easy to use power from the storage battery 10 and adjusts to the target power amount Pt as approaching the end becomes possible. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the discharge amount of the storage battery 10 while suppressing the peak power. The change pattern of the safety factor α as described above is stored in the database 30 in advance, and the comparison unit 36 refers to the database 30 to obtain an appropriate safety factor α.

  Here, the power control unit 38 predicts the time when the power charged in the storage battery 10 is used up based on the discharge output that is a characteristic of the storage battery 10. Specifically, when the storage battery 10 is discharged at the rated output, the time when the power is used up is predicted. The power control unit 38 causes the storage battery 10 to supply power to the power consuming device via the storage battery control unit 44 when the predicted time is a night time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases. Thereafter, the commercial power is charged into the storage battery 10 after the night time when the unit price of the commercial power falls. Regardless of the magnitude relationship between the predicted value Pp of power consumption and the target value Pt of power consumption, using the power charged in the storage battery 10 and charging the storage battery 10 in the night time zone when the unit price of commercial power decreases, There is an effect that not only the peak power can be suppressed but also the power consumption can be suppressed. Alternatively, the power control unit 38 may predict the time when the power charged in the storage battery 10 is used up based on the predicted power consumption Pp predicted by the prediction unit 32.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing of the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. The processing in this flowchart starts when the demand control device 100 is activated.

  The prediction unit 32 acquires the time from the timer 40 (S1). If the acquired time is the timing for determining demand control (Y in S2) and the start time of the demand time limit (Y in S3), a prediction / control process at the start of demand is performed (S4). Details of the prediction / control processing at the start of demand will be described later.

  When the time acquired from the timer 40 is the timing for determining demand control (Y in S2) and not the start time of the demand time limit (N in S3), prediction / control processing during the demand is performed (S5). . The details of the prediction / control process during the demand will be described later. When the time acquired from the timer 40 is not the timing for determining the demand control (N in S2), or when the prediction / control processing at the start of demand or the prediction / control processing during the demand is executed, the prediction unit 32 Wait for a certain time (S6). The standby time is, for example, 1 minute, and the process returns to step S1 after the standby and continues the process.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of prediction / control processing at the start of demand according to Embodiment 1, and is a diagram for explaining step S4 in FIG. 4 in detail.

  The power control unit 38 initializes demand control of the power consuming device in the previous demand time period (S7). Subsequently, the power control unit 38 calculates and acquires the time Td required to use up the power charged in the storage battery 10 based on the predicted power consumption Pp predicted by the prediction unit 32 (S8). When the current time is a normal time zone and the time zone after the elapse of time Td is not a night time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases (N in S9), the prediction unit 32 determines the demand time limit of the demand time limit. A predicted value Pp of power consumption of each power consuming device at the end is predicted (S10). The prediction unit 32 may acquire the time Td from the power control unit 38 via the comparison unit 36 or may calculate and acquire the time Td.

  When Pp> Pt × α (Y in S11), the power control unit 38 controls the output of the storage battery 10 via the storage battery control unit 44 to discharge (S12). When Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α is not satisfied during the discharge of the storage battery 10 (N in S13), the power control unit 38 performs demand control of the device (S14). Only the discharge process of the storage battery 10 is continued during Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α (Y in S13).

  When Pp> Pt × α is not satisfied (N in S11), the power control unit 38 checks whether or not the current time is a night charge time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases. When the current time is the night charge time zone (Y in S16), the power control unit 38 charges the storage battery 10 with commercial power (S17). When the current time is not a night time zone (N in S16), no special control is performed.

  When the current time is a normal time zone and the time zone after the time Td has passed is a night time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases (Y in S9), the power control unit 38 sets the storage battery control unit 44 to Then, the storage battery 10 is supplied with power to the power consuming device, and the storage battery 10 is completely discharged (S15). In step S9, instead of determining whether or not the time zone after the time Td has elapsed is the night time zone in which the unit price of the commercial power is reduced, the time zone after the time Td has elapsed is the power peak. It may be determined whether or not it is a time zone in which no appears, that is, whether or not it is a time zone in which power consumption is small. In this case, it is advantageous in that the peak cut of power use can be achieved.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of prediction / control processing during a demand according to the first embodiment, and is a diagram for explaining step S5 in FIG. 4 in detail.

  The prediction unit 32 corrects and predicts the predicted value Pp of the power consumption by reflecting the actual value of the power actually consumed by the power consuming device from the start of the demand time period (S18). When the corrected predicted value Pp is Pp> Pt × α (Y in S19), the power control unit 38 controls and discharges the output of the storage battery 10 that is charged in advance via the storage battery control unit 44 (S20). ). When Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α is not satisfied during the discharge of the storage battery 10 (N in S21), the power control unit 38 performs demand control of the device (S22). Only the discharge process of the storage battery 10 is continued during Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α (Y in S21).

  If Pp> Pt × α is not satisfied (N in S19), the power control unit 38 cancels the control if the operation of the device is being controlled by demand control (Y in S23) (S24). If the operation of the device by demand control is not being controlled (N in S23) or if the storage battery 10 is being discharged after canceling the demand control (Y in S25), the power control unit 38 passes through the storage battery control unit 44. Then, the discharge of the storage battery 10 is stopped (S26). If the storage battery 10 is not discharging (N in S25), the power control unit 38 does not perform special control.

  The operation according to the above configuration is as follows. The prediction unit 32 predicts the power consumption of each power consuming device by referring to the database 30 in which the actual value of the power consumption by the power consuming device is stored. When the prediction result of the prediction unit 32 exceeds the target value of power consumption per one demand time limit, the power control unit 38 supplies power of the storage battery 10 to each power consuming device, thereby suppressing power consumption. When the amount of charge of the storage battery 10 is insufficient, the power control unit 38 performs demand control to suppress the power consumption of each power consuming device. The storage battery 10 is charged in the night time zone when the unit price of commercial power decreases.

  As described above, according to the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce the frequency of occurrence of a situation in which power is used exceeding the target value of power used per one demand period.

(Embodiment 2)
An outline of the second embodiment will be described. Similarly to the demand control device 100 according to the first embodiment, the demand control device 102 according to the second embodiment performs the power supply by the storage battery and the demand control based on the predicted value of the power consumption of each power consuming device. Control the balance. Unlike the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the demand control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment charges the storage battery even in a time zone in which the electricity charge is a normal charge. Hereinafter, descriptions overlapping with those of the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified as appropriate.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating the internal configuration of the prediction unit 32 according to the second embodiment. The prediction unit 32 according to the second embodiment includes a peak time prediction unit 48 and a power consumption prediction unit 50.

  The peak time predicting unit 48 predicts the temperature of the space in which the power consuming equipment is placed obtained from the thermometer 24 at the start of the demand time period and the temperature after the start of the demand time period acquired via the network 26 such as the Internet. Based on the above, the peak time of power consumption by each power consuming device is predicted with reference to the database 30. The power consumption prediction unit 50 refers to the database 30 for the predicted value of the power consumption by the power consumption device in each demand time period, which exists between the start of the demand time period and the peak time predicted by the peak time prediction part 48. Predict.

  Here, the power consumption prediction unit 50 performs power consumption prediction for 24 hours from a time zone in which there is a low possibility that peak power is clearly generated, such as a midnight time zone. Since the environmental conditions are not accurately known at this time, the peak time prediction unit 48 refers to the forecast data of the Japan Meteorological Agency acquired via the network 26 for the temperature prediction.

  The power consumption prediction unit 50 obtains the predicted power consumption Pp (N) in each demand time period N, and sets the difference from the power consumption target value Pt in the database 30 as a table for 48 demand time periods, which is one day. To do. As a result, a demand time period in which the maximum peak power may occur and a demand time period that can be considered to have a sufficient margin are predicted in advance.

  The power control unit 38 has two types of control methods: control performed at the start of a demand time limit and control performed in the middle of a demand dimension.

  First, control at the start of a demand time limit will be described.

  (1) The sum of the battery remaining amount Pr of the current storage battery 10 and the expected charge / discharge amount (Σ (Pt−Pp (N))) up to the maximum peak power generation time zone during the day and the maximum peak power generation The expected discharge amount (Pp (Nmax) −Pt) in the time zone is compared. That is, it is confirmed whether or not a sufficient amount of charge is likely to be secured in the storage battery 10 in the maximum peak power generation time zone. Here, Nmax represents a demand time period including the maximum peak power generation time zone.

  The term Pt−Pp (N) is a positive value for a demand time period in which the predicted power consumption Pp (N) is lower than the power consumption target value Pt per one demand dimension and there is a margin in power. . On the contrary, the demand time period in which Pp (N) may exceed Pt is a negative value. The power consumption predicting unit 50 integrates these by the number of demand time periods existing between the start time of the demand time period and the peak time, so that the remaining charge amount of the storage battery 10 after a plurality of time periods can be obtained. To do.

  (2) If it is determined in (1) that the storage battery 10 has a sufficient amount of charge, the power control unit 38 starts discharging the storage battery 10. The amount of discharge of the storage battery 10 is at most Pp−Pt × α, and the power control unit 38 controls the output of the storage battery 10 to discharge over 30 minutes when the demand dimension ends. When the storage battery 10 is discharging, the power control unit 38 increases the discharge amount until the discharge amount of the storage battery 10 reaches Pp−Pt × α.

  (3) When the battery remaining amount Pr of the storage battery 10 is less than Pp−Pt × α, the power control unit 38 performs demand control only for the shortage Pp−Pt × α−Pr of the remaining charge of the storage battery 10. The power control unit 38 acquires the reduced power amount in demand control by referring to the database 30 and acquiring the average power consumption during the past operation of the power consuming device or by calculating using the rated power.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of transition of power consumption in one day. In this example, the target value Pt of power consumption is set to 365 Kw, and the power consumption may exceed Pt from 11:00 to 11:30, 13:00 to 13:30, 13:30. To 14:00, 14:00 to 14:30, 16:30 to 17:00, and 17:30 to 18:00. The time zone from 16:30 to 17:00 is the demand time period in which the peak time exists.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, the power consumption exceeds the target value PT in the four demand periods before the power consumption reaches the maximum peak, but the power consumption in the demand period from 16:00 to 16:30 immediately before the maximum peak. Since the amount is small, it is possible to charge the storage battery 10 in this demand period even if the storage battery 10 has been discharged so far. That is, if the storage battery 10 can be charged in the demand time period immediately before the predicted amount of power excess in the demand time period from 16:30 to 17:00, the battery can be discharged in the previous demand time period.

  The control during the demand period will be described. The middle of the demand time limit is control performed 10 minutes or 20 minutes after the demand time period starts, for example.

  The power consumption prediction unit 50 corrects the predicted value Pp of power consumption by reflecting the actual value of power actually consumed by the power consuming device from the start of the demand time limit. The comparison unit 36 compares the predicted value Pp of power consumption corrected by the prediction unit 32 with Pt × α.

  (1) In the case of Pp> Pt × α, the comparison unit 36 sums the current charge remaining amount Pr of the storage battery 10 and the expected charge / discharge amount Σ (Pp ( N) −Pt) is compared with the expected discharge amount Pp (Nmax) −Pt in the demand time period including the peak time. That is, it is confirmed whether or not a sufficient amount of charge is likely to be secured in the storage battery 10 in the demand time period including the peak time.

  (2) If it is determined in (1) that a sufficient amount of charge is secured in the storage battery 10, the power control unit 38 uses the excess Pp−Pt × α for each power consumption before the end of the demand time limit. The storage battery 10 is discharged so that it can be used for equipment. When the storage battery 10 has already been discharged at the start of the demand time limit, the power control unit 38 corrects the discharge amount of the storage battery 10 according to the value of Pp.

  (3) If it is determined that the storage battery 10 does not secure a sufficient amount of charge, the power control unit 38 sets each of the air conditioners 18 and the like by the shortage Pp−Pt × α−Pr of the charge amount of the storage battery 10. Demand-control power consuming equipment.

  (4) In the case of Pp ≦ Pt × α, the power control unit 38 returns the operation to the normal operation if there is a device under demand control. Moreover, if the storage battery 10 is discharging, the electric power control part 38 will stop the discharge, and conversely will start charge to the storage battery 10 by the amount of Ptx (alpha) -Pp at most. This is because the storage battery 10 is charged within a range that does not exceed the target value of power consumption per one demand period.

  The processing flow of the demand control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The basic flow of processing of the demand control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The process of the demand control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment is different from the process of the demand control apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment in the details of step S4 and step S5 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of prediction / control processing at the start of demand according to the second embodiment, and is a diagram for explaining step S4 in FIG. 4 in detail.

  The power control unit 38 initializes demand control of the power consuming device in the previous demand time period (S7). Subsequently, the power control unit 38 calculates and acquires the time Td required to use up the power charged in the storage battery 10 based on the rated output of the storage battery 10 (S8). When the current time is a normal time zone and the time zone after the elapse of time Td is not a night time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases (N in S9), the prediction unit 32 determines the demand time limit of the demand time limit. A predicted value Pp of power consumption of each power consuming device at the end is predicted (S10). The prediction unit 32 may acquire the time Td from the power control unit 38 via the comparison unit 36 or may calculate and acquire the time Td.

  When Pp> Pt × α (Y in S11), the power control unit 38 performs demand control of the device (S28). Details of the demand control process will be described later. When Pp> Pt × α is not satisfied (N in S11), the power control unit 38 charges the storage battery 10 with commercial power for at most Pt × α−Pp (S17).

  When the current time is a normal time zone and the time zone after the time Td has passed is a night time zone in which the unit price of commercial power decreases (Y in S9), the power control unit 38 sets the storage battery control unit 44 to Then, the output of the storage battery 10 is controlled to supply power to the power consuming device, and the power of the storage battery 10 is used up (S15).

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of prediction / control processing during a demand according to the second embodiment, and is a diagram for explaining step S5 in FIG. 4 in detail.

  The prediction unit 32 corrects and predicts the predicted value Pp of the power consumption by reflecting the actual value of the power actually consumed by the power consuming device from the start of the demand time period (S18). When the corrected predicted value Pp is Pp> Pt × α (Y in S19), the power control unit 38 performs demand control of the device (S28). Details of the demand control process will be described later.

  If Pp> Pt × α is not satisfied (N in S19), the power control unit 38 cancels the control if the operation of the device is being controlled by demand control (Y in S23) (S24). If the operation of the device by demand control is not being controlled (N in S23) or if the storage battery 10 is being discharged after canceling the demand control (Y in S25), the power control unit 38 passes through the storage battery control unit 44. Then, the discharge of the storage battery 10 is stopped (S26). If the storage battery 10 is not discharging (N in S25), the power control unit 38 does not perform special control.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of the demand control procedure according to the second embodiment, and is a diagram for explaining step S28 in FIGS. 9 and 10 in detail.

  When the peak time predicted by the peak time prediction unit 48 is within the same day (Y in S30), the power control unit 38 sums the current remaining battery amount Pr of the storage battery 10 and the expected charge / discharge amount up to the peak time. The sum of Σ (Pt−Pp (N)) is compared with the expected discharge amount Pp (Nmax) −Pt at the peak time. When it is not the remaining charge of the storage battery 10 at the peak time (N in S32), the power control unit 38 demands each power consuming device such as an air conditioner by the shortage of the charge amount of the storage battery 10 by Pp-Pt × α-Pr. Control (S38).

  When the peak time is not within the same day (N in S30), or when the remaining charge of the storage battery 10 is sufficient at the peak time (Y in S32), the power control unit 38 may use each power consuming device before the end of the demand time limit. So that the power of Pp−Pt × α is discharged to the storage battery 10 (S34).

  As a result of the power consumption prediction unit 50 correcting the predicted power consumption value Pp during the demand period, if Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α is not satisfied (N in S36), the power control unit 38 determines the amount of charge of the storage battery 10 Each power consuming device such as an air conditioner is demand-controlled by the shortage Pp−Pt × α−Pr (S38). If Pr ≧ Pp−Pt × α (Y in S36), the power control unit 38 does not perform any special processing.

  The operation according to the above configuration is as follows. The peak time prediction unit 48 predicts the time when the power consumption is maximized during the same day by referring to the database 30. The power consumption prediction unit 50 predicts the power usage amount in each demand time period from the current demand time period to the demand time period including the peak time. When the power control unit 38 determines that the remaining charge of the storage battery 10 is sufficient as a result of the prediction by the power consumption prediction unit 50, the power control unit 38 reduces the power of the storage battery 10 if necessary to achieve the target value of power consumption. The battery is discharged and applied to the power consumed by each power consuming device, and if necessary, the storage battery 10 is charged with commercial power.

  As described above, according to the demand control apparatus 102 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to reduce the frequency of occurrence of a situation in which power is used exceeding the target value of power used per one demand period.

  The present invention has been described based on the embodiments. This embodiment is an exemplification, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to combinations of the respective constituent elements and processing processes, and such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention. is there.

  For example, in the above description, the case where the comparison unit 36 compares Pp and Pt × α using the safety coefficient α when comparing Pp and Pt has been described. However, the safety coefficient β is used to compare Pp + β and Pt may be compared. In this case, by defining the demand time period elapsed time as t (minutes) and defining β = C (30−t), the safety coefficient at the start of the demand time period is C, the coefficient at the end is 0, and the demand time period start time is In the determination in (2), the expected power consumption Pp is increased by C, so that the comparison is performed under the condition that the power can be easily used from the storage battery 10, and the control can be adjusted so as to match the target power amount Pt as the time approaches.

  10 storage battery, 30 database, 32 prediction unit, 34 power usage acquisition unit, 36 comparison unit, 38 power control unit, 40 timer, 42 storage battery remaining amount acquisition unit, 44 storage battery control unit, 46 device control unit, 48 peak time prediction Unit, 50 power consumption prediction unit, 100 demand control device.

Claims (5)

A storage battery that is charged from commercial power and supplies the charged power to a power consuming device;
A database in which the temperature of the space where the power consuming device is located and the usage time zone of the power consuming device are associated with the actual value of the power consumption of the power consuming device;
Based on the temperature acquired at the start of the demand time period and the predicted value of the temperature thereafter, a peak time prediction unit that acquires the peak time of power consumption by the power consuming device with reference to the database,
A power consumption prediction unit that acquires a predicted value of power consumption by a power consuming device in each demand time period existing between the start of a demand time period and a peak time predicted by the peak time prediction unit with reference to the database; ,
When the predicted value of power consumption from the start of the demand time period to the end time of the demand time period exceeds the target value of power consumption per demand time period, it exists between the peak times predicted by the power consumption prediction unit When the sum of the difference between the predicted value of power consumption in each demand time period and the target value of power consumption falls below the remaining charge of the storage battery, the output of the storage battery is controlled to supply power from the storage battery to the power consuming device. And a power control unit for starting or increasing the supply of the demand control device.   The said power control part makes the said storage battery charge when the predicted value of the power consumption from the start time of a demand time period to the end time of the said demand time period is less than the target value of power consumption. Demand control device.   When the predicted value of power consumption from the start of the demand time period to the end of the demand time period exceeds the target value of power consumption, the power control unit predicts in the power consumption prediction unit until the peak time When the sum of the difference between the predicted value of power consumption in each demand time period and the target value of power consumption exceeds the remaining charge of the storage battery, the demand time period from the start of the target value of power consumption and the demand time period The demand control device according to claim 1, wherein the output of the power consuming device is suppressed for the amount of power corresponding to the difference between the predicted value of power consumption at the end of the operation. The power consumption prediction unit corrects the predicted value of power consumption at the end of the demand period based on the power actually consumed by the power consuming device during the progress of the demand period,
When the predicted value corrected by the prediction unit is lower than the target value of power consumption, the power control unit supplies power of the difference amount between the target value of power consumption and the predicted value of corrected power consumption to the storage battery at most. The demand control device according to claim 1, wherein the demand control device is charged.   The power control unit predicts a time when the power charged in the storage battery is used up, and when the predicted time is a time zone in which the unit price of the commercial power decreases, the output of the storage battery is controlled to supply power to the power consuming device. The demand control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the storage battery is charged with commercial power during a time period in which the power is started or increased and the unit price of commercial power decreases.

Images