JP2012517979A - アルミニウム不含アジュバントを添加した不活化デング熱ウイルスワクチン - Google Patents
アルミニウム不含アジュバントを添加した不活化デング熱ウイルスワクチン Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2009年2月17日出願の米国仮出願第61/153060号の出願日遡及の特典を主張し、参照によりその開示を本明細書に包含する。
緒言
本発明は、安全で有効なデング熱ワクチンに対する要求を満たすワクチンに関する。精製不活化デング熱ウイルスワクチンは弱毒化生デング熱ウイルスに比べ大きな利点がある。不活化ウイルスは感染力を持たず、そのため病原性に戻ることはなく、あるいは疾患の原因となることもあり得ないからである。弱毒化生デング熱ウイルスに比べ精製不活化デング熱ウイルスワクチンの1つの欠点は、高い力価のデング熱特異的中和抗体を誘導する能力が低く、防御免疫応答期間が比較的短い可能性があることである。これらの欠点は、適切なアジュバントを加えた精製不活化デング熱抗原の製剤により克服される。本明細書で開示されているように、アジュバントは、アルミニウム不含(alum−free)アジュバント(またはアジュバント系)で、高い力価のデング熱特異的中和抗体を効果的に誘発する。一実施形態では、アジュバントは主にTh1応答またはインターフェロンγ(IFNγ)の製造に特徴付けられる均衡したTh1/Th2応答を誘発する。
本開示の様々な実施形態の検討を容易にするため、次に用語の説明を行う。追加の用語と説明は、本開示の中で提供される。
不活化デング熱ウイルスを適切なアルミニウム不含アジュバントと混合してヒトの患者の免疫化に適切な免疫原性組成物を製造し、高い力価のウイルス中和抗体を誘発し、免疫化したヒトをデング熱ウイルスが原因の疾患から防御する。通常、不活化デング熱ウイルスは薬学的に許容可能なキャリアまたは賦形剤に入れて処方される。
実施例I−精製不活化デング熱ウイルス(1μgおよび10μg)とアルミニウム不含アジュバントを含む代表的免疫原性組成物の免疫原性
15匹の未処置成熟雌C57Bl/6マウス群に2種の用量のデング2型(Den−2)株の精製不活化ウイルス(PIV)を含む代表的ワクチン候補の筋肉内ワクチン接種を行った。ワクチンは合計50μlの容量で投与した。マウスはデング熱PIV単独を含む製剤、またはAlum(水酸化アルミニウム)、水酸化アルミニウム上に吸着した3−脱アシル化モノホスホリルリピドA(3D−MPL)(AS04D)、水中油型乳剤(AS03A)、およびリポソーム製剤に入れた3D−MPLとQS21(AS01B)(下記表1の群参照)をアジュバントとして添加したデング熱PIVワクチンを含む製剤で免疫化した。AS03AおよびAS01Bは、アルミニウム(alum)不含アジュバントの非限定的な2つの例である。製剤用に使われたデング熱PIV抗原は基本的に本明細書に記載された方法で、野生型Den−2ウイルスの培養物を、0.185%のホルマリンで7日間、22℃で不活化して得た精製バルクである。
15匹の未処置成熟雌C57Bl/6マウス群に2種の用量の代表的デング熱PIVワクチンを合計50μlの容量で筋肉内投与した。マウスはデング熱PIV単独を含む製剤、またはAlum(AS22A、水酸化アルミニウム)を含むアジュバント、または異なるアジュバント系の希釈物、例えば、AS04Dの標準用量の1/2(AS04D/2)、AS03B(5、93mgのトコフェロールを含む水中油型乳剤ベースアジュバント系)、およびAS01E(AS01Bの半分の用量)(表2に詳細記載)、を添加したデング熱PIV抗原を含む製剤で免疫化した。製剤用に使われたPIVは、野生型Den−2ウイルスの培養物を、0.185%のホルマリンで7日間、22℃で不活化して得た精製バルクである。
25匹の成熟雌C57Bl/6マウス群に2種の用量の代表的デング熱PIVワクチン合計50μlの容量を筋肉内投与して免疫した。マウスに対しデング熱PIV単独を含む製剤、またはAlum(AS22A、水酸化アルミニウム)を含むアジュバント、または異なるアジュバントの希釈物、例えば、AS04D(AS04D/2)、AS03B(5、93mgのトコフェロールを含む水中油型乳剤ベースアジュバント系)、およびAS01E(AS01Bの半分の用量)(表3に群の詳細記載)を添加したデング熱PIV抗原を含む製剤で免疫した。製剤用に使われたPIVは、野生型Den−2ウイルスの培養物を、0.185%のホルマリンで7日間、22℃で不活化して得た精製バルクである。
Claims (32)
- 少なくとも1つの不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原およびアルミニウム不含アジュバントを含む、免疫原性組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原が、デング1型ウイルス抗原、デング2型ウイルス抗原、デング3型ウイルス抗原およびデング4型ウイルス抗原からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原がデング熱2型ウイルス抗原である、請求項1または2に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1つの不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原が完全に死滅したウイルスである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが水中油型乳剤を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが、代謝可能油、トコールおよび乳化剤を含む水中油型乳剤キャリアを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記代謝可能油がスクアレンである、請求項5または6記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記トコロールがαトコフェロールである、請求項6または7に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記乳剤が非イオン性界面活性剤乳化剤を含む、請求項5〜8のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記非イオン性界面活性剤が、ポリオキシエテチレン ソルビタン モノオレエートである、請求項9に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- スクアレンおよびαトコフェロールを1以下の比率で含む、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが、
約2%〜約10%のスクアレン、
約2%〜約10%のαトコフェロール、
約0.3%〜約3%のポリオキシエテチレン ソルビタン モノオレエートを含む用量に処方されてなる、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。 - 前記アジュバントが、
約10mg〜約12mgのスクアレン、
約10mg〜約12mgのαトコフェロール、
約4mg〜約6mgのポリオキシエテチレン ソルビタン モノオレエート
を含む用量に処方されてなる、請求項12に記載の免疫原性組成物。 - 前記アジュバントが、
10.68mgのスクアレン、
11.86mgのトコフェロール、
4.85mgのポリオキシエテチレン ソルビタン モノオレエート
を含む用量に処方されてなる、請求項12または13に記載の免疫原性組成物。 - 前記アジュバントが分割量で処方されてなる、請求項13に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが3−脱アシル化モノホスホリルリピドA(3D−MPL)およびQS21の組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが3D−MPLおよびQS21をリポソーム製剤として含む、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントがさらにコレステロールを含む、請求項16に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントがさらに1、2−ジオレオイル−sn−グリセロ−3−ホスホコリン(DOPC)を含む、請求項16〜18のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントがコレステロール、DOPC、3D−MPLおよびQS21を含む、請求項16〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが、
約0.1〜約0.5mgのコレステロール、
約0.25〜約2mgのDOPC、
約10μg〜約100μgの3D−MPL、および
約10μg〜約100μgのQS21
を含む用量で処方されてなる、請求項20に記載の免疫原性組成物。 - コレステロールのQS21に対する比率が5:1(w/w)である、請求項16〜21のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- コレステロールのQS21に対する比率が1:1(w/w)である、請求項16〜21のいずれかに記載の免疫原性組成物。
- 前記アジュバントが、
約0.25mgのコレステロール、
約1.0mgのDOPC、
約50μgの3D−MPL、および
約50μgのQS21
を含む用量で処方されてなる、請求項21に記載の免疫原性組成物。 - 前記アジュバントがQS21およびコレステロールを含む、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- デング熱ワクチンを製造する方法であって、
少なくとも1つの精製不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原を用意し、かつ、
少なくとも1つの精製不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原をアルミニウム不含アジュバントと共に処方すること
を含む、方法。 - 少なくとも1つの精製不活化デング熱ウイルス抗原が、ホルムアルデヒド、ベタプロピオラクトン(BPL)、過酸化水素、紫外線照射およびγ線照射の群から選択される作用因子に生のウイルスを接触または露出させる1つまたは複数の工程により不活化されてなる完全に死滅したウイルスである、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 患者のデング熱ウイルスによる疾患を予防、改善または治療する方法であって、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物をその患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- 患者が5才未満である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 患者が1才未満である、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記ワクチンが非経口で投与される、請求項27または29に記載の方法。
- 医薬として用いるための、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の免疫原性組成物。
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US11141475B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2021-10-12 | Najit Technologies, Inc. | Inactivating pathogens and producing highly immunogenic inactivated vaccines using a dual oxidation process |
US11633470B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2023-04-25 | Najit Technologies, Inc. | Inactivating pathogens and producing highly immunogenic inactivated vaccines using a dual oxidation process |
US11844832B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2023-12-19 | Najit Technologies, Inc. | Inorganic polyatomic oxyanions for protecting against antigenic damage during pathogen inactivation for vaccine production |
US12102676B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2024-10-01 | Najit Technologies, Inc. | Inactivating pathogens and producing highly immunogenic inactivated vaccines using a dual oxidation process |
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