JP2011042908A - Deodorant sheath-core conjugated fiber and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a deodorant sheath-core conjugated fiber which has excellent deodorant performance, maintains initial deodorant performance, even when used for a long period, repeatedly washed, or the like, and little deteriorates the strength, and to provide a method for producing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The deodorant sheath-core conjugated fiber containing a deodorant substance in the sheath portion, satisfies the following requirements: (a) the thickness of the sheath portion is 90 to 2,200 nm; (b) the average particle diameter of deodorant substance particles is larger than the thickness of the sheath portion; and (c) protruded portions are formed from deodorant substance particles on the surface of the fiber in a rate of not less than 0.1 protruded portion per 1 μm of the axial length of the fiber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a deodorant substance-containing composite fiber that can exhibit an excellent deodorizing function. More particularly, the present invention relates to a deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber that effectively exhibits a deodorizing function, has excellent strength, and has little decrease in fiber strength even when used for a long period of time, and a method for producing the same. .

  In recent years, with the diversification of living environments oriented toward comfortable living, interest in various odors has increased not only at home but also in offices and hospitals. In addition, with the improvement of the airtightness of houses, as a problem that has become apparent, it is necessary to deal with malodors and harmful components in the dwelling, such as formaldehyde.

  In such a situation, various attempts to remove malodors using a fiber structure having deodorizing performance have been proposed, and not only a simple adsorption function but also a decomposition function such as a photocatalyst is permanent. Although it has been proposed that it can continue to exhibit its deodorizing performance, degradation of the fiber substrate due to the photocatalyst has been a problem.

  Conventionally, as a method for imparting photocatalytic deodorizing performance to a fiber structure, for example, a method (such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-254281) has been proposed in which a fiber structure is subjected to post-processing to attach a deodorizing component. In this method, functional agent particles having a deodorizing performance are present on the fiber surface, so that the functional agent particles are likely to fall off, and because the binder is used for adhesion, the texture of the fiber fabric itself is hardened. is doing.

  In order to solve these problems of durability and texture, various types in which a photocatalyst is kneaded into fibers have been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-220471, etc.). However, in this method, since the photocatalyst is buried in the fiber, the reaction between the odor component and the photocatalyst is limited by the fiber-constituting polymer, so that the performance of the photocatalyst is hardly exhibited. In addition, there is a problem that the fiber strength decreases with time due to deterioration of the base material by the photocatalyst itself. As a countermeasure, a method has been proposed in which a photocatalyst is supported only on a sheath portion of a core-sheath type composite fiber and strength is secured at the core portion as disclosed in JP-A-2004-169217.

  However, although this method solves the problem of strength, there is a problem that the photocatalyst is buried in the sheath portion and the function is difficult to express. In order to solve these problems, a method for increasing the exposure ratio of the photocatalyst to the fiber surface by splitting the separation-dividing composite fiber kneaded with the photocatalyst and facilitating the expression of the performance has been proposed ( JP-A-10-204727). Although the exposure ratio is increased by this method, there are still photocatalysts buried, and the composite fibers are limited to mutually incompatible polymers in order to be divided into fine pieces, and further, the yarns obtained by making the fine pieces are further reduced. In addition to problems such as a significant decrease in strength, decomposition of the fiber substrate by the photocatalyst itself is also promoted at the same time, resulting in inferior strength retention over a long period of time.

JP 2001-254281 A JP 2005-220471 A JP 2004-169217 A JP-A-10-204727

  The object of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art, have excellent deodorizing performance, maintain the initial deodorizing performance even after long-term use or repeated washing, etc. It is to provide a manufacturing method.

  As a result of studying to solve such problems, the present inventors, as a result, consisted of a core-sheath type composite fiber containing a deodorant substance in the sheath part, and determined the thickness of the sheath part and the average particle size of the deodorant substance. We have found that this is achieved by prescribing.

That is, according to the present invention,
A deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber containing a deodorant substance in the sheath part, which satisfies the following requirements,
a) The thickness of the sheath is 90 to 2200 nm.
b) The average particle diameter of the deodorant substance particles is larger than the thickness of the sheath.
c) 0.1 or more convex portions are formed on the fiber surface with a deodorant substance particle per 1 μm length in the fiber axis direction.
In addition, a deodorant core sheath in which the polymer constituting the sheath part contains a deodorant substance having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 2.5 μm, and then subjected to spinning and drawing so that the thickness of the sheath part is 90 to 2200 nm. Type composite fiber manufacturing method,
Is provided.

  The present invention provides a composite fiber that can effectively express the deodorizing function of a deodorant substance, has excellent strength, and has little decrease in fiber strength even when used for a long period of time, and a method for producing the same. Can do.

  The polymer constituting the deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a crystalline thermoplastic polymer having fiber forming ability. For example, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, etc. Polyamides such as polyester, nylon 6, nylon 66, and the like can be mentioned. Among them, it is preferable to use polyethylene terephthalate which is used for general purposes and has a good balance between cost and performance. Moreover, the polymers of the core component and the sheath component may be different or the same type.

  The deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of this invention consists of a core-sheath structure, and the thickness of a sheath part needs to be 90-2200 nm. A fiber having a sheath thickness of less than 90 nm is substantially difficult to control and difficult to produce, and if it exceeds 2200 nm, it is necessary to use a large average particle size of the deodorant substance, but it is larger than 2200 nm. A deodorant substance having an average particle size is not preferable because it tends to precipitate and agglomerate and causes troubles such as filter clogging. The thickness of the sheath is preferably 150 to 2000 nm.

  The deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention includes deodorant substance particles having an average particle diameter larger than the thickness of the sheath part in the sheath part, and convex parts are formed on the fiber surface by the deodorant substance particles. It is necessary to become. The deodorant substance has the function of adsorbing and / or deodorizing odor components by the effect of the surface area, but when kneaded into the fiber, the polymer itself constituting the fiber coats the surface of the deodorant substance. This inhibits the adsorption and deodorization function of the deodorant substance. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to increase the efficiency of the deodorant substance, the deodorant substance is not only introduced into the sheath portion of the composite fiber, but also the adsorption deodorant effect of the deodorant substance is more manifested. A part of the fiber surface is exposed, or a convex portion is formed on the fiber surface by a deodorizing substance and protrudes.

Further, by using a deodorant substance having an average particle diameter larger than the thickness of the sheath part, it is easy to form convex portions of the deodorant substance particles on the fiber surface. The convex shape is a state in which these agents are exposed or coated with a polymer that forms a fiber very thinly, and it is overwhelming compared to a conventional deodorant substance-kneaded fiber embedded in the fiber. Deodorizing efficiency is improved.
It is necessary that there are 0.1 or more convex portions per 1 μm in the length in the fiber axis direction. If it is less than 0.1, the deodorizing function cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Preferably it is 0.5 piece / 1 micrometer or more.

  The weight ratio of the sheath component to the core component of the deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is preferably sheath / core = 5/95 to 50/50. When the ratio of the sheath part is smaller than 5/95, it becomes difficult to control the shape of the composite fiber, and when it exceeds 50/50, the efficiency of the deodorizing substance due to the increase in the thickness of the sheath part is lowered, and the strength of the fiber is also lowered. It is not preferable. A preferable range is a sheath / core weight ratio = 10/90 to 45/55.

  The deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention is a core-sheath type composite fiber having a polymer containing a deodorant substance particle as a sheath component, but is not limited to a concentric core-sheath structure, The entire circumference need not be covered by the sheath component. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited, and may be an irregular cross-section.

  Specific examples of the modified cross section include a T-shape, U-shape, V-shape, H-shape, Y-shape, W-shape, 3-14 leaf shape, polygonal shape, etc., but the present invention is limited to these shapes. Is not to be done. Further, it may be a solid fiber or a hollow fiber.

The deodorant substance used in the deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention means an adsorbent or deodorant having a deodorizing function, and either or both of them may be included.
A deodorant substance can be used as long as it is an inorganic metal oxide, but it can be used, but it is a composite containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide as a main component. It is preferable that Preferred commercially available products are “Mizukanite” manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical, “Lionite” manufactured by Lion, “Hydrotalcite compound” manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry, “KD-211GF” manufactured by Lhasa Industries, and “TZ-” manufactured by Titanium Industry. 100 "," SZ-100S "and the like. One or more selected from these can be mixed and used.

As a method of adding a deodorant substance to the sheath component,
1. A method of adding a deodorant substance at the time of polymerization of the sheath component polymer or immediately after the polymerization,
2. Making a masterbatch containing a deodorant substance based on a sheath component polymer and using it,
3. There can be mentioned a method of adding these agents at any stage until spinning (for example, polymer pellet preparation stage, melt spinning stage, etc.). From the standpoint of prevention, a master batch addition method is preferably used.

  The deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be produced by a known method. For example, as a core-sheath type composite fiber, there is a method in which it is extruded into a fiber shape using a known composite spinning device in a molten state, melt-spun at a speed of 500 to 3500 m / min, and then directly stretched and heat-treated without winding. Can be mentioned. Other preferred methods include melt spinning and stretching at a speed of 1000 to 5000 m / min, melt spinning at a high speed of 5000 m / min or more, and a method for omitting the stretching step depending on the application. It can be excellent in stability.

  It is important to add a deodorant substance having an average particle size of 0.1 to 2.5 μm to the polymer constituting the sheath part, and then spin-draw to make the thickness of the sheath part 90 to 2200 nm. This makes it possible to form 0.1 or more convex portions of the deodorant substance on the fiber surface per 1 μm length in the fiber axis direction.

  The deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited in the form of the fiber in the length direction. That is, the fibers may have substantially the same diameter in the fiber length direction, may be thick and thin thick and thin fibers, or may be other fibers.

  Furthermore, the deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention may be either a short fiber or a long fiber. When the fiber product is a yarn, a spun yarn, a multifilament yarn, a composite yarn of a short fiber and a long fiber is used. It may be.

  Furthermore, the deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention has an air entanglement process such as false twisting process and interlace process, crimp process, crimp process, weather process, hydrophilic process, depending on the application and type of fiber. Arbitrary processing / treatment such as waterproofing and dyeing-proofing may be performed.

  The deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned deodorant substance, but various additives used for the fiber according to the type of fiber, for example, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, and an antistatic agent. , Coloring agents, lubricants, antibacterial agents, insect and acaricides, fungicides, UV absorbers, matting agents and the like.

  The composite fiber of the present invention can be used as various fiber products, such as yarns, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, pile fabrics, pile fabrics such as pile knitted fabrics, clothing formed from these fabrics, Other body wear products, interior products, bedding, food packaging materials, and the like can be given. Specifically, clothing and body such as underwear, sweater, jacket, pajamas, yukata, white robe, slacks, socks, gloves, stockings, apron, mask, towel, handkerchief, supporter, head hand, hat, shoe insole, interlining Wear items: various carpets, curtains, goodwill, wallpaper, shoji paper, paper, fiber blinds, artificial ornamental plants, fabrics for upholstery such as chairs, table cloths, electrical product covers, tatami mats, futon filling Etc.), futon side, sheets, blankets, duvet covers, pillows, pillow covers, bed covers, bed filling materials, mats, sanitary materials, toilet seat covers, wiping cloths, filters such as air purifiers and air conditioners Can be mentioned.

  Specific examples of the deodorizing performance of the deodorant core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention and the fiber product using the fiber include the following effects. For example, odorous components should be adsorbed quickly and over a long period of time, such as basic odorous components such as ammonia and amines, acidic odorous components such as acetic acid, and neutral odorous components such as formalin and acetaldehyde. The function is restored by washing. Therefore, even tobacco odors containing a large number of odor components can be efficiently removed, and it is effective for deodorizing indoors and cars. It is also effective for deodorizing aldehydes such as formalin and acetaldehyde generated from furniture and new building materials.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples. Each item in the examples was measured by the following method.

(1) Deodorization performance The deodorization performance of the deodorant core-sheath composite fiber was evaluated by the deodorization rate by the following measurement method.
Enclosed in a Tedlar bag together with 3 liters of total odor component concentration of 100 ppm ammonia and a sample of 1.3 g cylindrical net, and measured the remaining concentration of odor components in the container after 2 hours using a detector tube (W1). As a blank test to calculate the deodorization rate, only 3 liters of total odor component concentration of 100 ppm ammonia was enclosed in a tedlar bag, and the remaining concentration of odor component in the container after 2 hours was used using a detector tube. (W2). Based on these measured values, the deodorization rate was calculated by the formula of deodorization rate (%) = (W2−W1) × 100 / W2.

(2) Sheath thickness After observing the fiber cross section with free fall and confirming that there is no deviation between the center of the core and the sheath, the diameter of the fiber is determined from the single yarn fineness, and the core is determined from the discharge ratio of the core. The diameter of the part was calculated and the thickness of the sheath part was determined.

(3) Amount of convex part per unit length The side surface of the drawn yarn was photographed with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 2000 times. The number of hits was measured at n = 10 and calculated as an average value per 1 μm length.

(4) Fiber strength Under an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 65% RH, the strength at break was measured with a tensile tester under the conditions of a sample length of 20 cm and a speed of 20 cm / min. The number of measurements was 10, and the average was taken as each intensity.

(5) Average particle diameter of deodorant substance The average particle diameter of the deodorant substance was measured using the following apparatus. Measurement was possible with a dynamic light scattering particle size distribution measuring device, and this dynamic light scattering particle size distribution measuring device was performed using MICROTRAC UPA (model: 9340-UPA150) manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.

[Example 1]
Mizukanite HF manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. with an average particle size of 2.7 μm was pulverized as a deodorant substance with a jet mill (model: STJ-200) manufactured by Seisin Corporation, so that the average particle size was 2.2 μm. A thing was used. The average particle size was measured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd. MICROTRAC UPA (model: 9340-UPA150). The pulverized deodorant substance is mixed with polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 (35 ° C. in orthochlorophenol) as a base polymer, and the deodorant substance is 10% by weight based on the total solid content. Created a batch.

  The master batch was chip-blended to 30% by weight with respect to the polyethylene terephthalate used as the base polymer and melted in an extruder at a melting temperature of 280 ° C. On the other hand, the polyethylene terephthalate used in the base polymer was melted separately in a separate extruder. Each molten polymer is made of polyester containing a deodorant substance as a sheath component, and a core / sheath composite fiber die having 36 circular discharge holes is used, and the weight ratio of the sheath / core is 30. After being discharged at a spinning speed of 1000 m / min, the film was drawn at a preheating temperature of 90 ° C., a heat setting temperature of 120 ° C., and a draw ratio of 3.7 times without being wound up, and 3700 m / min. Winded up at a speed of

  The obtained core / sheath composite type polyester multifilament has a fineness of 40 dtex, a single yarn fineness of 1.1 dtex, a strength of 4.1 cN / dtex, and an elongation of 28%. No eccentricity of the core is observed, and the thickness of the sheath is It was 860 nm. When the side surface of this fiber was observed, a large number of convex portions were formed, and when the knitted tube was evaluated for deodorization and strength retention, it was confirmed that both had excellent performance as shown in Table 1. It was done.

[Examples 2-3, Comparative Examples 1-2]
Example 1 in which the ratio of the core part to the sheath part was set to 90/10 was set to Example 2, 10/90 was set to Comparative Example 1, and the number of holes was set to 24 and the fineness was set to 90 dtex. 3 and Example 3 in which the ratio of the core portion to the sheath portion was 30/70 was set as Comparative Example 2, and fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above changes. Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained core-sheath composite fiber.

  In Examples 2 and 3, which are within the scope of the present invention, the fiber strength was high, and an excellent deodorant property and strength retention ratio could be obtained, but the thickness of the sheath portion was larger than the diameter of the photocatalyst. In large comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the amount of convex portions seen on the fiber surface was small, and the deodorizing property was poor. Moreover, in the comparative example 1 with a high ratio of a sheath part, it became inferior in performance also in intensity | strength retention.

[Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4]
A fiber was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer used in the sheath portion in Example 1 was discharged as it was without forming the core-sheath structure, and Comparative Example 3 was obtained. Moreover, in Example 1, the thing which does not contain a deodorant substance was made into the comparative example 4. Both Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were inferior in deodorizing performance.

  As a polyester fabric that has a deodorant performance with durability and excellent strength and texture, it is suitable for sports use, casual use, men's and women's suits, medical use, interior use, etc. Is also useful.

Claims (5)

A deodorant core-sheath type composite fiber comprising a deodorant substance in a sheath part, which satisfies the following requirements.
a) The thickness of the sheath is 90 to 2200 nm.
b) The average particle diameter of the deodorant substance particles is larger than the thickness of the sheath.
c) 0.1 or more convex portions are formed on the fiber surface with a deodorant substance particle per 1 μm length in the fiber axis direction.   The deodorant core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the deodorant substance is a composite mainly comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide.   The weight ratio of a sheath part is 50% or less with respect to fiber total weight, The deodorant core-sheath-type composite fiber in any one of Claims 1-2.   The average particle diameter of the deodorant substance particle is 0.1-2.5 micrometers, The deodorant core-sheath-type composite fiber in any one of Claims 1-3.   It is a manufacturing method of the deodorant core-sheath-type composite fiber of Claim 1, Comprising: The spin-stretch drawing which made the polymer which comprises a sheath part contain the deodorizing substance with an average particle diameter of 0.1-2.5 micrometers And the thickness of a sheath part shall be 90-2200 nm, The manufacturing method of the deodorant core sheath type composite fiber characterized by the above-mentioned.