JP2010064086A

JP2010064086A - Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP2010064086A
Application number: JP2008230778A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Seiha O; 静波王; Hitoshi Nishimura; 仁志西村
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp
Priority date: 2008-09-09
Filing date: 2008-09-09
Publication date: 2010-03-25

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus by which, when a first wire is fed while irradiating an object to be welded with laser beams, and arc welding is performed between the first wire and the object to be welded, at least one second wire is fed to a molten pool formed by the laser beams and the arc welding. <P>SOLUTION: In the composite welding method where a first wire 12 is fed to the welding position of the object 2 to be welded while emitting a laser beam 1 thereto, and arc welding is simultaneously performed between the first wire 12 and the object 2, at least one second wire 13 is fed to a molten pool 14 formed by the laser beams 1 and the arc welding, thus a welding amount can be increased without increasing arc current. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、被溶接物にレーザビームの照射とアーク溶接を行う複合溶接方法と複合溶接装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus for performing laser beam irradiation and arc welding on an object to be welded.

レーザ溶接はエネルギー密度が高いため、高速で熱影響部の狭い溶接を行うことが可能である。しかし、被溶接物にギャップがあると、レーザビームがそのギャップから抜けてしまい、溶接ができなくなる恐れがあった。 Since laser welding has a high energy density, it is possible to perform welding with a narrow heat-affected zone at high speed. However, if there is a gap in the workpiece, the laser beam may come out of the gap and welding may not be possible.

この問題を克服するために、フィラーワイヤを使用したレーザ溶接方法が従来からあり（例えば、非特許文献１参照）、また、非消耗電極方式または消耗電極方式のアーク溶接と併用する複合溶接方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。非消耗電極方式のアーク溶接（ＴＩＧ溶接）と併用する複合溶接方法では、フィラーワイヤを添加してＴＩＧ電極であるタングステン電極を振動しながら良好な溶接部を得る方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。しかし、ＴＩＧ溶接を使用する場合は、通常、その電極として融点の高いタングステン電極を使用するが、溶接中にそのタングステン電極が焼損または消耗し、アーク不安定をきたすと共に、消耗したタングステン電極が溶接金属に混入し、溶接継手部の性能劣化を招いてしまう恐れがあった。 In order to overcome this problem, there is a conventional laser welding method using a filler wire (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), and there is a composite welding method used in combination with non-consumable electrode type or consumable electrode type arc welding. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the composite welding method used in combination with non-consumable electrode type arc welding (TIG welding), a method has been proposed in which a filler wire is added to obtain a good weld while vibrating a tungsten electrode that is a TIG electrode (for example, Patent Document 2). However, when TIG welding is used, a tungsten electrode having a high melting point is usually used as the electrode. However, the tungsten electrode burns or wears during welding, causing arc instability, and the worn tungsten electrode is welded. There was a possibility that it could be mixed into the metal and deteriorate the performance of the welded joint.

前記非消耗電極方式のアーク溶接を使用する複合溶接方法に対して、消耗電極方式のアーク溶接を使用する複合溶接方法が提案され（特許文献３参照）、タングステン電極を使用することなく、ワイヤを溶接部に添加することが可能であり、深溶け込みの溶接を行うことができる。高速加工および溶融幅の改善の視点から、消耗電極方式のアーク溶接を使用する複合溶接方法では、更に、レーザビーム照射位置に対して溶接加工進行方向前方と後方にアーク溶接の電極を配置する方法が提案されている（特許文献４参照）。この場合レーザビーム照射位置の前方と後方とに配置させるアーク溶接は、その電極がいずれもＭＩＧ電極（ワイヤ）であるが、前記ワイヤの送給速度とＭＩＧ溶接のアーク電流とを独立に調整することができない（非特許文献２参照）。通常、ワイヤ送給速度を高くすると、アーク電流も同時に高くなってしまう。そのため、例えば、ギャップ付の薄板の溶接では高い溶着金属量を必要とする場合には、高いワイヤ送給速度をのみ要するが、アーク電流も同時に高くなってしまうので、溶落ちが発生してしまう恐れがあった。 A composite welding method using consumable electrode type arc welding has been proposed (see Patent Document 3) in contrast to the composite welding method using non-consumable electrode type arc welding. It can be added to the welded portion, and deep penetration welding can be performed. In the combined welding method using consumable electrode type arc welding from the viewpoint of high-speed machining and improvement of the melt width, a method for further arranging arc welding electrodes forward and backward in the welding progress direction with respect to the laser beam irradiation position Has been proposed (see Patent Document 4). In this case, arc welding to be arranged in front of and behind the laser beam irradiation position is an MIG electrode (wire), but the wire feeding speed and the arc current of MIG welding are adjusted independently. (See Non-Patent Document 2). Usually, when the wire feeding speed is increased, the arc current is also increased at the same time. Therefore, for example, when welding a thin plate with a gap requires a high amount of deposited metal, only a high wire feeding speed is required, but the arc current also increases at the same time, and therefore, melting occurs. There was a fear.

図９は、従来のレーザ溶接および複合溶接による突合せ溶接のイメージを示す模式図である。図９（ａ）はレーザ溶接の場合である。１はレーザビーム、２は被溶接物、３は前記被溶接物の突合せ面間にあるギャップである。４は、前記レーザビーム１を用い、前記被溶接物２同士の溶接を行う際に得られたビードである。前記ギャップ３が狭い時または溶接速度の遅い時には、前記ビード４は良好なものとなるが、例えば、前記ギャップ３が広い、または溶接速度が速い場合には、前記レーザビーム１が前記ギャップ３から抜けてしまい、また溶着金属の量が減少し、前記ビード４に溶落ち５を形成してしまう恐れがあった。図９（ｂ）は、消耗電極方式のアーク溶接を使用した複合溶接の場合である。６はワイヤ、７は前記ワイヤ６と被溶接物２との間に形成したアークで、８は前記ワイヤ６が溶融して形成した溶滴である。９は前記レーザビーム１と前記アーク７によって前記被溶接物２の突合せ部に形成した溶融池、１０は前記溶融池９が凝固して形成したビードである。複合溶接では（図（ｂ））、前記ワイヤ６が添加できるため、前記レーザ溶接の場合（図（ａ））と比較して許容するギャップ３が広くなるが、前記ギャップ３が広すぎた時また溶接速度が速すぎた時には、前記ビード１０が不連続となり、その中心部に溶落ち１１を形成してしまう恐れがあった。この場合、前記ギャップ３を埋めるのに必要な量の前記ワイヤ６の送給量を増やしても、同様に溶落ちが発生してしまう恐れがあった。これは、通常のアーク溶接では前記ワイヤ６を単独に増やすことができなく、アーク電流も同時に増加してしまい、前記被溶接物２に対する入熱が増加すると共に、前記溶融池９のサイズが大きくなり、前記溶融池９の周辺部から発生した表面張力のみによって前記溶融池９を保持できなくなるためである。その結果、前記溶落ち１１が発生するわけである。
池田正幸、藤岡知夫、堀池靖浩、丸尾大、吉川省吾編、レーザプロセス技術ハンドブック、１９９２年、朝倉書店、第１４９頁黄地尚義著、溶接・接合プロセスの基礎、１９９６年、産報出版、第１２８頁特開昭５３−１３７０４４号公報特開２００２−１７８１７７号公報特公昭６０−８９１６号公報特開２００１−２４６４８５号公報 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an image of butt welding by conventional laser welding and composite welding. FIG. 9A shows the case of laser welding. 1 is a laser beam, 2 is an object to be welded, and 3 is a gap between butt surfaces of the object to be welded. Reference numeral 4 denotes a bead obtained when the workpieces 2 are welded to each other using the laser beam 1. When the gap 3 is narrow or when the welding speed is low, the bead 4 is good. For example, when the gap 3 is wide or the welding speed is high, the laser beam 1 moves from the gap 3. There was a risk that the amount of the deposited metal decreased and the weld 4 was formed in the bead 4. FIG. 9B shows a case of composite welding using consumable electrode type arc welding. 6 is a wire, 7 is an arc formed between the wire 6 and the workpiece 2, and 8 is a droplet formed by melting the wire 6. Reference numeral 9 denotes a molten pool formed at the butt portion of the workpiece 2 by the laser beam 1 and the arc 7, and 10 is a bead formed by solidification of the molten pool 9. In composite welding (FIG. (B)), since the wire 6 can be added, the allowable gap 3 is wider than in the case of laser welding (FIG. (A)), but when the gap 3 is too wide Further, when the welding speed is too high, the bead 10 becomes discontinuous, and there is a possibility that a melt-down 11 may be formed at the center thereof. In this case, even if the feeding amount of the wire 6 necessary to fill the gap 3 is increased, there is a possibility that the melting may occur in the same manner. This is because in normal arc welding, the number of wires 6 cannot be increased independently, the arc current also increases at the same time, heat input to the workpiece 2 increases, and the size of the molten pool 9 increases. This is because the molten pool 9 cannot be held only by the surface tension generated from the peripheral portion of the molten pool 9. As a result, the burn-out 11 occurs.
Masayuki Ikeda, Tomio Fujioka, Tomohiro Horiike, Dai Maruo, Shogo Yoshikawa, Laser Process Technology Handbook, 1992, Asakura Shoten, 149 Naoki Yoshichi, Fundamentals of Welding and Joining Process, 1996, Sangyo Publishing, page 128 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-137044 JP 2002-178177 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-8916 JP 2001-246485 A

従来の技術の問題点に鑑み、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、レーザ照射とアーク溶接で形成した溶融池に少なくとも１本のワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることのできる複合溶接方法と複合溶接装置を提供することにある。 In view of the problems of the prior art, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the welding amount without increasing the arc current by supplying at least one wire to a molten pool formed by laser irradiation and arc welding. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus that can be improved.

上記目的を達成するため本発明は、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、
前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接で形成した溶融池に少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを供給する複合溶接方法
または、溶接方向に対し、レーザビームの照射が前で第１ワイヤを前記レーザビームの後ろに配置し、少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを前記レーザビームの前方方向、前記レーザビームと前記第１ワイヤとの間、または前記第１ワイヤの後方方向から供給する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、溶接方向に対し、第１ワイヤが前でレーザビームの照射を前記第１ワイヤの後ろに配置し、少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを前記第１ワイヤの前方方向、前記第１ワイヤと前記レーザビームとの間、またはレーザ照射の後方方向から供給する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、レーザビームの光軸と第１ワイヤの中心軸と第２ワイヤの中心軸とがそれぞれ異なる軸芯、または第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとの内、どちらか一方の中心軸をレーザビームの光軸と同軸に配置する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、シールドガスは、少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを送給する第２トーチに取り付けた第２ノズルと第１ワイヤを送給する第１トーチに取り付けた第１ノズルとの少なくとも一つから供給する、または第１ノズルと第２ノズルとから供給するシールドガスの組成を異なるものにする複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、シールドガスは、少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤと第１ワイヤとを同時に送給する複合トーチに取り付けた複合ノズルから供給する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、第１ノズルと第２ノズルとから供給するシールドガスを溶接部位に応じて前記シールドガスの供給と停止を独立に行うが、シールドガスを停止、または再開する際にレーザビームの照射条件とアーク溶接の条件との少なくとも一つを変化する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとを同一の材質とする、または第１ワイヤと少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤとは、同一の主成分を持つ、異なる材質のものとする複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、被溶接物と第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとはその主成分はアルミニウム、またはその主成分は鉄である溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、溶接部位により、第２ワイヤの少なくとも１本を停止するが、第２ワイヤの少なくとも１本を停止、あるいは再開する際には、レーザビームの照射条件とアーク溶接の条件と第２ワイヤの稼働している少なくとも１本の送給速度との少なくとも一つを変える複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、溶接部位により、レーザビームの照射とアーク溶接のどちらかを停止するが、レーザビームの照射とアーク溶接のどちらかを停止、あるいは再開する際には、レーザビームの照射条件と第１ワイヤの送給速度と第２ワイヤの少なくとも１本の送給速度との少なくとも一つを変える複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、溶接部位により、第２ワイヤの少なくとも１本の送給速度と溶接速度との少なくとも一つを変えるが、第２ワイヤの少なくとも１本の送給速度と溶接速度との少なくとも一つを変える際には、レーザビームの照射条件とアーク溶接の条件との少なくとも一つを変える複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、第２ワイヤとレーザビームの照射とアーク溶接との停止、再開、またはその条件変更は、センサからの入力信号に応じて行う複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、レーザビームの照射の代わりに、プラズマアークを使用する複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、アーク溶接は、パルスアーク溶接である複合溶接方法および複合溶接装置、
または、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射するレーザ発生手段と、第１トーチを介して前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給する第１ワイヤ送給手段と、前記第１ワイヤと前記被溶接物にアーク溶接のための電力を供給するアーク発生手段と、第２トーチを介して前記溶接位置に第２ワイヤを送給する第２ワイヤ送給手段と、前記レーザ発生手段と前記アーク発生手段と前記第２ワイヤ送給手段とを制御する制御手段とを備え、
前記第１ワイヤと前記被溶接物との間に形成したアーク溶接と前記レーザビームとで形成した溶融池に第２ワイヤを供給する供給する複合溶接装置である。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite welding in which a first wire is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece to be welded, and arc welding is simultaneously performed with the workpiece. In the method
A combined welding method for supplying at least one second wire to a molten pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding. Alternatively, the first wire is placed behind the laser beam before the laser beam is irradiated in the welding direction. A composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus which are arranged and supply at least one second wire from the front direction of the laser beam, between the laser beam and the first wire, or from the rear direction of the first wire;
Or, with respect to the welding direction, the first wire is disposed in front and the laser beam irradiation is disposed behind the first wire, and at least one second wire is disposed in the forward direction of the first wire, the first wire and the first wire. A composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus, which are supplied between the laser beam and the rear side of the laser irradiation,
Alternatively, the optical axis of the laser beam and the central axis of the first wire and the central axis of the second wire are different from each other, or one of the first wire and the second wire is used as the central axis of the laser beam. Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus arranged coaxially with the optical axis,
Alternatively, the shielding gas is supplied from at least one of the second nozzle attached to the second torch for feeding at least one second wire and the first nozzle attached to the first torch for feeding the first wire. Or a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus, wherein the composition of the shield gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is different.
Alternatively, the shield gas is supplied from a composite nozzle attached to a composite torch that simultaneously feeds at least one second wire and first wire, and a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus,
Alternatively, the shielding gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is independently supplied and stopped according to the welding site, and when the shielding gas is stopped or restarted, Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus for changing at least one of arc welding conditions,
Alternatively, the first wire and the second wire are made of the same material, or the first wire and at least one second wire are made of different materials having the same main component, and the composite welding method and composite Welding equipment,
Alternatively, a welding method and a composite welding device in which the main component of the workpiece, the first wire, and the second wire is aluminum, or the main component is iron,
Alternatively, at least one of the second wires is stopped depending on the welding site, but when stopping or restarting at least one of the second wires, the laser beam irradiation condition, the arc welding condition, and the second wire A composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus for changing at least one of at least one operating feed speed;
Alternatively, either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped depending on the welding site, but when either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped or restarted, the laser beam irradiation conditions and the first wire are stopped. A composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus for changing at least one of the feed speed of the second wire and the feed speed of at least one second wire,
Alternatively, at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire is changed depending on the welding site, but at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire is changed. In this case, a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus that change at least one of laser beam irradiation conditions and arc welding conditions,
Alternatively, the second wire and laser beam irradiation and arc welding are stopped, restarted, or a condition change thereof is performed in accordance with an input signal from a sensor, a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus,
Alternatively, a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus using a plasma arc instead of laser beam irradiation,
Or, arc welding is pulse arc welding, a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus,
Alternatively, laser generating means for irradiating a welding position of a workpiece to be welded, first wire feeding means for feeding a first wire to the welding position via a first torch, the first wire, Arc generating means for supplying electric power for arc welding to the workpiece, second wire feeding means for feeding a second wire to the welding position via a second torch, the laser generating means, and the arc Control means for controlling the generating means and the second wire feeding means,
The composite welding apparatus supplies a second wire to a molten pool formed by arc welding formed between the first wire and the workpiece and the laser beam.

以上のように本発明は、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接とで形成した溶融池に少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることができる。 As described above, the present invention provides a composite welding method in which arc welding is performed simultaneously with the workpiece by feeding the first wire to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece with the laser beam. The amount of welding can be increased without increasing the arc current by supplying at least one second wire to the molten pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding.

（実施の形態１）
図１は本発明の実施の形態１における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図である。なお、図９に示した内容と同様の構成および動作と作用効果を奏するところには同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a composite welding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the place which has the structure, operation | movement, and effect similar to the content shown in FIG. 9, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and it demonstrates centering on a different part.

図１では、説明のために、図９（ｂ）におけるワイヤ６を第１ワイヤ１２と表記するが、同様のものである。１３は、被溶接物２の突合せ部の溶接位置にレーザビーム１を照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤ１２を送給して前記被溶接物２との間でアーク７を発生してアーク溶接を同時に行う際に、前記レーザビーム１と前記アーク７で形成した溶融池１４に供給する第２ワイヤである。１５は、前記溶融池１４が凝固して形成したビードである。図において、前記第２ワイヤ１２を１本と示したが、前記溶融池１４に供給した場合には溶融さえ可能であれば、１本以上でもよい。 In FIG. 1, for the sake of explanation, the wire 6 in FIG. 9B is represented as a first wire 12, which is the same. 13, the first wire 12 is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the butt portion of the work piece 2 with the laser beam 1 to generate an arc 7 between the work piece 2 and the arc. The second wire is supplied to the molten pool 14 formed by the laser beam 1 and the arc 7 when welding is performed simultaneously. A bead 15 is formed by solidifying the molten pool 14. In the figure, the number of the second wires 12 is one. However, when the second wires 12 are supplied to the molten pool 14, one or more wires may be used as long as melting is possible.

図１に示した複合溶接方法の原理について、図２を参照しつつ説明する。図２は、消耗電極式アーク溶接方法と本発明の実施の形態における複合溶接法方法の溶着量とアーク電流の関係を示す模式図である。図２（ａ）では、ＭＲ_Ａは消耗電極式のアーク溶接方法におけるアーク電流とワイヤを溶融した時に得られる溶着量の関係を示す溶融曲線である。前記溶融曲線ＭＲ_Ａによると、溶着量Ｖ_Ｗ０と対応するアーク電流はＩ_０である。したがって、前記図１における前記ギャップ３が広い時に、溶着量Ｖ_Ｗ０を溶着量Ｖ_Ｗ１に上げ、前記ギャップ３を埋めようすると、前記アーク電流Ｉ_０がアーク電流Ｉ_１までに上昇してしまう。その結果、溶融池１４の大きさが増加し、前記溶融池１４にかかるアーク力も増加してしまうので、溶落ちがかえって発生しやすくなる恐れがあった。一方、図２（ｂ）では、ＭＲ_Ｗは前記溶融池１４に供給される前記第２ワイヤ１３から得られる溶着量を示す溶融曲線であり、前記第２ワイヤ１３の送給速度が一定であれば、アーク電流と無関係に一定の溶着量Ｖ_ＷＷを得ることが可能である。したがって、複合溶接の溶融曲線ＭＲ_Ｈとしては、前記溶融曲線ＭＲ_Ａと前記溶融曲線ＭＲ_Ｗをたすことによって得ることが可能である。なお、前記アーク電流を変えることなく、前記第２ワイヤ１３の送給速度（溶融量Ｖ_ＷＷと対応する）のみを変更することによって、全体の溶着量を変えることが可能である。例えば、前記図１における前記ギャップ３が広い時には、前記第２ワイヤ１３による溶着量がＶ_ＷＷになるよう供給すると、溶着量Ｖ_Ｗ０を溶着量Ｖ_Ｗ１にするために、アーク電流Ｉ_０をかえって下げる必要があり、図示の通り、前記アーク電流Ｉ_０をアーク電流Ｉ_２に下げる必要がある。すなわち、図１に示す複合溶接を使用すると、アーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量のみを上げることが可能であり、その結果、前記ギャップ３が広くても良好なビードを得ることが可能である。 The principle of the composite welding method shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the welding amount and arc current in the consumable electrode type arc welding method and the composite welding method in the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2A, MR _A is a melting curve showing the relationship between the arc current and the welding amount obtained when the wire is melted in the consumable electrode type arc welding method. According to the melting curve MR _A, the arc current and the corresponding deposition rate _{V W0} is _{I 0.} Therefore, when a wide the gap 3 in FIG. 1, raising the deposition rate V _W0 in deposition rate V _W1, when you fill the gap 3, the arc current I ₀ rises until the arc current I _1. As a result, the size of the molten pool 14 is increased and the arc force applied to the molten pool 14 is also increased. On the other hand, in FIG. 2 (b), MR _W is a melting curve that indicates the deposition rate obtained from the second wire 13 to be supplied to the melt pool 14, feeding speed of the second wire 13 is constant if For example, it is possible to obtain a constant welding amount _VWW irrespective of the arc current. Therefore, the melting curve MR _H of hybrid welding, it is possible to obtain by plus the melting curve MR _W and the melting curve MR _A. In addition, it is possible to change the total welding amount by changing only the feeding speed of the second wire 13 (corresponding to the melting amount _VWW ) without changing the arc current. For example, when the gap 3 in FIG. 1 is wide, if the welding amount by the second wire 13 is supplied to V _WW , the arc current I ₀ is changed in order to make the welding amount V _{W0 the} welding amount V _W1. It is necessary to lower the arc current I ₀ to the arc current I ₂ as shown. That is, when the composite welding shown in FIG. 1 is used, it is possible to increase only the welding amount without increasing the arc current, and as a result, it is possible to obtain a good bead even if the gap 3 is wide. .

以上のように本発明の実施の形態によれば、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接で形成した溶融池に少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることができる。 As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first wire is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece with the laser beam, and arc welding is performed with the workpiece. In the composite welding method performed simultaneously, the welding amount can be increased without increasing the arc current by supplying at least one second wire to the weld pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding.

以上の説明では、第２ワイヤ１３として１本をもって図示したが、言うまでもなく、１本以上でもよい。 In the above description, one second wire 13 is illustrated, but it goes without saying that one or more wires may be used.

また、以上の説明では、溶接方向に対し、レーザビーム１の照射が前で第１ワイヤ１２を前記レーザビーム１の後ろに配置し、第２ワイヤ１３を前記第１ワイヤの後方方向から供給する配置で説明したが（図１参照）、前記レーザビーム１の照射が前で前記第１ワイヤ１２を前記レーザビーム１の後ろに配置し、前記第２ワイヤ１３を前記レーザビーム１と前記第１ワイヤ１２との間から供給してもよい（図３（ａ）参照）。また、前記レーザビーム１の照射が前で前記第１ワイヤ１２を前記レーザビーム１の後ろに配置し、第２ワイヤ１３を前記レーザビーム１の前方方向から供給してもよい（図３（ｂ）参照）。 In the above description, the first wire 12 is disposed behind the laser beam 1 before the irradiation of the laser beam 1 with respect to the welding direction, and the second wire 13 is supplied from the rear direction of the first wire. As described in the arrangement (see FIG. 1), the first wire 12 is arranged behind the laser beam 1 before the irradiation of the laser beam 1, and the second wire 13 is arranged with the laser beam 1 and the first. You may supply from between the wires 12 (refer Fig.3 (a)). Alternatively, the first wire 12 may be disposed behind the laser beam 1 and the second wire 13 may be supplied from the front direction of the laser beam 1 before the irradiation with the laser beam 1 (FIG. 3B). )reference).

また、溶接方向に対し、第１ワイヤ１２が前でレーザビーム１の照射を前記第１ワイヤ１２の後ろに配置し、第２ワイヤ１３を前記レーザビーム１の後方方向から供給してもよい（図４（ａ）参照）。また、前記第１ワイヤ１２が前で前記レーザビーム１の照射を前記第１ワイヤ１２の後ろに配置し、第２ワイヤ１３を前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記レーザビーム１との間から供給してもよい（図４（ｂ）参照）。更に、前記第１ワイヤ１２が前で前記レーザビーム１の照射を前記第１ワイヤ１２の後ろに配置し、前記第２ワイヤ１３が前記レーザビーム１の後方方向から供給してもよい（図４（ｃ）参照）。 Further, irradiation of the laser beam 1 may be arranged behind the first wire 12 in front of the first wire 12 with respect to the welding direction, and the second wire 13 may be supplied from the rear direction of the laser beam 1 ( (See FIG. 4 (a)). Further, the irradiation of the laser beam 1 is arranged behind the first wire 12 in front of the first wire 12, and the second wire 13 is supplied from between the first wire 12 and the laser beam 1. It is also possible (see FIG. 4B). Further, the irradiation of the laser beam 1 may be arranged behind the first wire 12 in front of the first wire 12, and the second wire 13 may be supplied from the rear direction of the laser beam 1 (FIG. 4). (See (c)).

また、以上の説明では、図示していないが、レーザビーム１の光軸と第１ワイヤ１２の中心軸と第２ワイヤ１３の中心軸とがそれぞれ異なる軸芯で説明したが（図１、図３と図４参照）、前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記第２ワイヤ１３との内、どちらか一方の中心軸を前記レーザビーム１の光軸と同軸に配置してもよい。 In the above description, although not shown, the optical axis of the laser beam 1, the central axis of the first wire 12, and the central axis of the second wire 13 have been described as different axes (FIGS. 1 and 2). 3 and FIG. 4), the central axis of one of the first wire 12 and the second wire 13 may be arranged coaxially with the optical axis of the laser beam 1.

また、以上の説明では、シールドガスの供給については言及しなかったが、前記シールドガスは、図示していないが、第２ワイヤ１３を送給する第２トーチに取り付けた第２ノズルと第１ワイヤ１２を送給する第１トーチに取り付けた第１ノズルとの少なくとも一つから供給してもよい。なお、前記第１ノズルと前記第２ノズルとから供給するシールドガスの組成を異なるものにしてもよい。言うまでもなく、前記第１ノズルと前記第２ノズルとから供給するシールドガスを溶接部位に応じて前記シールドガスの供給と停止を独立に行ってもよい。シールドガスを停止、または再開する際に前記レーザビーム１の照射条件とアーク溶接の条件との少なくとも一つを変えてもよい。または、シールドガスは、前記第２ワイヤ１３と前記第１ワイヤ１２とを同時に送給する複合トーチに取り付けた複合ノズルから供給してもよい。その内容については、図５を参照しつつ説明する。図５は、第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとの供給方法を説明する模式図である。図５（ａ）〜図５（ｄ）は、図３と図４において、図示していないが、第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとを同時に送給する複合トーチによって送給される際に、前記複合トーチの先端に取り付けた複合ノズル１６のイメージ図を示す。図において、シールドガスは前記複合ノズル１６によって供給される。言うまでもなく、前記複合トーチでは前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記第２ワイヤ１３とに対して同じ速度で送給してもよいが、異なった速度で送給してもよい。 In the above description, the supply of shield gas was not mentioned, but the shield gas is not shown, but the second nozzle attached to the second torch for feeding the second wire 13 and the first nozzle You may supply from at least one with the 1st nozzle attached to the 1st torch which feeds the wire 12. FIG. The composition of the shield gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle may be different. Needless to say, the shield gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle may be supplied and stopped independently according to the welding site. When the shield gas is stopped or restarted, at least one of the irradiation condition of the laser beam 1 and the arc welding condition may be changed. Alternatively, the shielding gas may be supplied from a composite nozzle attached to a composite torch that feeds the second wire 13 and the first wire 12 simultaneously. The contents will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of supplying the first wire and the second wire. 5 (a) to 5 (d) are not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but when being fed by a composite torch that feeds the first wire and the second wire simultaneously, FIG. The image figure of the composite nozzle 16 attached to the front-end | tip of a composite torch is shown. In the figure, the shielding gas is supplied by the composite nozzle 16. Needless to say, in the composite torch, the first wire 12 and the second wire 13 may be fed at the same speed, but may be fed at different speeds.

また、以上の説明では、第１ワイヤ１２と第２ワイヤ１３との材質について言及しなかったが、前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記第２ワイヤ１３とを同一の材質としてよいが、同一の主成分を持つ、異なる材質のものとしてもよい。言うまでもなく、前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記第２ワイヤと前記被溶接物２とは、その主成分はアルミニウムであってもよく、鉄であってもよい。 In the above description, the material of the first wire 12 and the second wire 13 is not mentioned, but the first wire 12 and the second wire 13 may be made of the same material, but the same main component. It may be made of different materials. Needless to say, the main component of the first wire 12, the second wire, and the workpiece 2 may be aluminum or iron.

また、以上の説明では、溶接部位について言及しなかったが、溶接部位により、前記第２ワイヤ１３が複数本の場合、その少なくとも１本を停止してもよい。なお、前記第２ワイヤ１３の少なくとも１本を停止、あるいは再開する際には、レーザビーム１の照射条件とアーク溶接の条件と前記第２ワイヤ１３の稼働している少なくとも１本の送給速度との少なくとも一つを変えてもよい。また、溶接部位により、前記レーザビーム１の照射とアーク溶接のどちらかを停止してもよい。なお、前記レーザビーム１の照射とアーク溶接のどちらかを停止、あるいは再開する際には、前記レーザビーム１の照射条件と前記第１ワイヤ１２の送給速度と前記第２ワイヤ１３の少なくとも１本の送給速度との少なくとも一つを変えてもよい。更に、溶接部位により、前記第２ワイヤ１３の少なくとも１本の送給速度と溶接速度との少なくとも一つを変えてもよい。なお、前記第２ワイヤ１３の少なくとも１本の送給速度と溶接速度との少なくとも一つを変える際には、前記レーザビーム１の照射条件とアーク溶接の条件との少なくとも一つを変えてもよい。 Moreover, in the above description, although the welding site | part was not mentioned, when there are two or more said 2nd wires 13 by a welding site | part, you may stop at least one. When at least one of the second wires 13 is stopped or restarted, the irradiation condition of the laser beam 1, the arc welding conditions, and the at least one feeding speed at which the second wire 13 is operating. And at least one of them may be changed. Moreover, you may stop either irradiation of the said laser beam 1, or arc welding by a welding site | part. When either the laser beam 1 irradiation or arc welding is stopped or restarted, the irradiation condition of the laser beam 1, the feeding speed of the first wire 12, and at least one of the second wire 13 are used. At least one of the book feeding speed and the book feeding speed may be changed. Further, at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire 13 may be changed depending on the welding site. When changing at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire 13, at least one of the irradiation condition of the laser beam 1 and the arc welding condition may be changed. Good.

また、以上の説明では、レーザビーム１の照射をもって説明したが、前記レーザビーム１の代わりに、ここでその詳細な図示による説明を省略するが、プラズマアークを使用してもよい。 In the above description, the irradiation with the laser beam 1 has been described. However, instead of the laser beam 1, a detailed illustration thereof is omitted here, but a plasma arc may be used.

また、以上の説明では、アーク溶接はパルスアーク溶接であってもよい。 In the above description, the arc welding may be pulse arc welding.

（実施の形態２）
図６は本発明の実施の形態２における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図である。なお、図１〜図５に示した内容と同様の構成および動作と作用効果を奏するところには同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。 (Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the composite welding method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the place which shows the structure, operation | movement, and effect similar to the content shown in FIGS. 1-5, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and it demonstrates centering on a different part.

図６は本発明の実施の形態２における複合溶接装置の構成を示すブロック図である。１７はレーザ発生手段で、レーザ発振器１８とレーザ伝送手段１９と集光光学系２０からなり、レーザビーム１を被溶接物２の溶接位置に照射する。前記レーザ伝送手段１９は、光ファイバーであってもよく、レンズによって組み合わせた伝送系であってもよい。前記集光光学系２０は、一枚あるいは複数のレンズから構成されてもよい。１２は第１ワイヤで、第１ワイヤ送給手段２１によって第１トーチ２２を通して前記被溶接物２の溶接位置に送給される。２５はアーク発生手段で、ケーブル２６とケーブル２７とによってそれぞれ前記第１トーチ２２と前記被溶接物２とに接続してその給電を行うものであり、溶接開始時には前記第１ワイヤ送給手段２１を制御し、前記第１トーチ２２を通して前記第１ワイヤ１２を前記被溶接物２の溶接位置に向かって送給しつつ、前記第１ワイヤ１２と前記被溶接物２の間にアーク７を発生するよう制御するが、溶接終了時には前記第１ワイヤ送給手段２１による前記第１ワイヤ１２の送給を停止すると共に、前記アーク７を停止するよう制御する。１３は第２ワイヤで、第２ワイヤ送給手段２３によって第２トーチ２４を通して、図示していないが、前記レーザビーム１と前記アーク７とによって前記被溶接物２の溶接位置に形成した溶融池に送給される。２８は制御手段で、図示していないが、外部から溶接開始または溶接終了の命令を受けてから、前記レーザ発生手段１７から発生するレーザビーム１の照射開始とその終了と、前記アーク発生手段２５から発生するアーク７の放電開始とその終了と、前記第２送給手段２３から送給される前記第２ワイヤ１３の送給開始とその停止とを制御する。前記制御手段２８は、コンピュータを使用して構成してもよいが、コンピュータのような演算機能を有する部品、デバイス、装置あるいはそれらの組み合わせを使用してもよい。前記制御手段２８としては、ロボットを使用してもよい。詳細の説明を省略するが、ロボットを使用する際には、前記ロボットのマニピュレータ部分に前記集光光学系２０と前記第１トーチ２２と前記第２トーチ２４とを固定して使用してもよい。前記レーザ発振器１８は、図示していないが、予め設定した所定の出力値を出力するが、前記制御手段２８で設定した出力値の信号を受け、それを出力してもよい。前記アーク発生手段２５は、前記レーザ発生手段１７と同様に、前記制御手段２８によってその出力を制御することができる。また、前記第２ワイヤ送給手段２３は、前記制御手段２８によってその送給速度および送給の開始と停止を制御することができる。 FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the composite welding apparatus in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Reference numeral 17 denotes a laser generating means, which comprises a laser oscillator 18, a laser transmission means 19, and a condensing optical system 20, and irradiates the welding position of the workpiece 2 with the laser beam 1. The laser transmission means 19 may be an optical fiber or a transmission system combined with a lens. The condensing optical system 20 may be composed of one or a plurality of lenses. A first wire 12 is fed to the welding position of the workpiece 2 through the first torch 22 by the first wire feeding means 21. An arc generating means 25 is connected to the first torch 22 and the workpiece 2 by a cable 26 and a cable 27, respectively, and supplies power thereto. At the start of welding, the first wire feeding means 21 is provided. The arc 7 is generated between the first wire 12 and the work piece 2 while feeding the first wire 12 toward the welding position of the work piece 2 through the first torch 22. However, at the end of welding, the feeding of the first wire 12 by the first wire feeding means 21 is stopped and the arc 7 is stopped. Reference numeral 13 denotes a second wire, which is not shown in the figure through the second torch 24 by the second wire feeding means 23, but is a molten pool formed at the welding position of the workpiece 2 by the laser beam 1 and the arc 7. To be sent to. 28 is a control means (not shown), but after receiving an instruction to start or end welding from the outside, irradiation start and end of the laser beam 1 generated from the laser generating means 17, and the arc generating means 25. The start and end of the discharge of the arc 7 generated from the above, and the start and stop of the feeding of the second wire 13 fed from the second feeding means 23 are controlled. The control means 28 may be configured using a computer, but may be a part, a device, an apparatus having a calculation function such as a computer, or a combination thereof. As the control means 28, a robot may be used. Although detailed description is omitted, when the robot is used, the condensing optical system 20, the first torch 22, and the second torch 24 may be fixed to the manipulator portion of the robot. . Although not shown, the laser oscillator 18 outputs a predetermined output value set in advance. However, the laser oscillator 18 may receive a signal of the output value set by the control means 28 and output it. The arc generating means 25 can control the output of the arc generating means 25 by the control means 28, similarly to the laser generating means 17. The second wire feeding means 23 can control the feeding speed and the start and stop of feeding by the control means 28.

図６に示した構成の複合溶接装置の動作について説明する。溶接開始時には、図示していないが、溶接開始命令を受けた制御手段２８は、レーザ発生手段１７にレーザ溶接の開始信号を送りレーザビーム１の照射を開始すると共に、アーク発生手段２５にアーク溶接の開始信号を送ってアーク放電を開始し、また第２ワイヤ送給手段２３にワイヤ送給の開始信号を送るよう動作する。溶接終了時には、溶接終了命令を受けた前記制御手段２８は、前記レーザ発生手段１７にレーザ溶接終了信号を送り前記レーザビーム１の照射を終了すると共に、前記アーク発生手段２５にアーク溶接終了信号を送ってアーク放電を終了し、また前記第２ワイヤ送給手段２３にワイヤ送給の終了信号を送ることによって溶接を終了するよう動作する。 The operation of the composite welding apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 6 will be described. At the start of welding, although not shown, the control means 28 that has received a welding start command sends a laser welding start signal to the laser generating means 17 to start irradiation of the laser beam 1 and arc welding to the arc generating means 25. Is sent to the second wire feeding means 23 to send a wire feeding start signal. Upon completion of welding, the control means 28 that has received a welding end command sends a laser welding end signal to the laser generating means 17 to end the irradiation of the laser beam 1 and also sends an arc welding end signal to the arc generating means 25. The arc discharge is finished by sending the wire, and the welding operation is finished by sending a wire feed end signal to the second wire feeding means 23.

以上の説明では、レーザビーム１と第１ワイヤ１２と第２ワイヤ１３との配置については言及しなかったが、それは図１〜図５に示した配置が適用するものである。 In the above description, the arrangement of the laser beam 1, the first wire 12, and the second wire 13 has not been mentioned, but the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 applies.

以上のように本発明の実施の形態によれば、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接で形成した溶融池に第２ワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることができる。 As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first wire is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece with the laser beam, and arc welding is performed with the workpiece. In the composite welding method performed simultaneously, the welding amount can be increased without increasing the arc current by supplying the second wire to the weld pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding.

以上の説明では、第２ワイヤ１３として１本をもって図示したが、言うまでもなく、１本以上でもよい。その時、それぞれの前記第２ワイヤ１３を供給するために、それぞれのワイヤ送給手段とトーチを設けるのは、言うまでもない。 In the above description, one second wire 13 is illustrated, but it goes without saying that one or more wires may be used. At that time, it goes without saying that each wire feeding means and torch are provided in order to supply each of the second wires 13.

（実施の形態３）
図７は本発明の実施の形態３における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図である。図７は、図６において、制御手段２８の代わりに溶接位置近傍Ａの様子をセンシングするセンシング手段２９からの信号を入力信号とする制御手段３０を使用したものである。前記制御手段は、前記センシング手段２９の信号を受け、それに基づいてレーザ発生手段１７とアーク発生手段２５と第２ワイヤ送給手段２３を制御する。なお、図６に示した内容と同様の構成および動作と作用効果を奏するところには同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略し、異なるところを中心に説明する。 (Embodiment 3)
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a composite welding method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows an example in which a control unit 30 that uses a signal from a sensing unit 29 that senses the state near the welding position A as an input signal is used instead of the control unit 28 in FIG. The control means receives the signal of the sensing means 29 and controls the laser generating means 17, the arc generating means 25, and the second wire feeding means 23 based on the signal. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the place which has the structure, operation | movement, and effect similar to the content shown in FIG. 6, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and it demonstrates centering on a different part.

図７に示したセンシング手段２９の動作について、図８を参照しつつ説明する。図８は、センシング手段２９の配置を示す模式図である。前記センシング手段２９は、センサユニット３１と光ビーム３２から構成される。前記センサユニット３１は、図示していないが、その発光部からは被溶接物２の突合せ部の任意の箇所に対して前記突合せ部の垂直方向を示す垂直方向ａａ’に長く伸びた形の光ビーム３２を照射すると共に、その受光部からは前記光ビーム３２が前記被溶接物２に当たった場合の照射位置形状をキャッチし、それを測定する機能を備える。なお、前記センサユニット３１は、前記照射位置形状に基づき前記被溶接物２の突合せ面における隙間であるギャップを算出し、前記ギャップ信号を制御手段３０に出力する。以上の説明では、前記光ビーム３２を前記垂直方向ａａ’に長く伸びた形のものとして説明したが、言うまでもなく、それは前記センサユニット３１から発生して前記垂直方向ａａ’に沿って高速にスキャンするスポット状のビームであってもよい。その際、前記センサユニット３１は、前記スポット状のビームが前記被溶接物２に当たった場合の照射位置の軌跡によって前記被溶接物２の突合せ部のギャップを計測してもよい。 The operation of the sensing means 29 shown in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the sensing means 29. The sensing means 29 includes a sensor unit 31 and a light beam 32. Although not shown in the drawing, the sensor unit 31 is a light that extends from the light emitting portion in a vertical direction aa ′ that indicates a vertical direction of the abutting portion with respect to an arbitrary position of the abutting portion of the work piece 2. While irradiating the beam 32, the light receiving part has a function of catching the irradiation position shape when the light beam 32 hits the workpiece 2 and measuring it. The sensor unit 31 calculates a gap that is a gap in the butt surface of the work piece 2 based on the irradiation position shape, and outputs the gap signal to the control means 30. In the above description, the light beam 32 has been described as having a shape extending long in the vertical direction aa ′. Needless to say, it is generated from the sensor unit 31 and scanned at high speed along the vertical direction aa ′. It may be a spot-like beam. At that time, the sensor unit 31 may measure the gap of the butt portion of the workpiece 2 based on the locus of the irradiation position when the spot-shaped beam hits the workpiece 2.

制御手段３０の動作について説明する。実際の溶接では、被溶接物２の突合せ面においてギャップが存在し、なお、前記ギャップが場所によって変動する場合がある。したがって、良好な溶接ビードを得るためには、前記ギャップに応じて溶接条件を変える必要がある。前記制御手段３０は、図６において説明した制御手段２８の持つ機能以外に、前記センシング手段２９から入力したギャップ信号に基づき、第２ワイヤ１３とレーザビーム１の照射とアーク溶接との停止、再開、またはその条件変更を行うことによって、一定の溶接ビードが得られるよう動作する。但し、図８に示したように、光ビーム３２の照射位置を示す垂直方向ａａ’は厳密には前記溶融池１４が形成される位置と一致しないが、その距離は予め前記制御手段３０に入力されてもよい。 The operation of the control means 30 will be described. In actual welding, there is a gap in the butt surface of the work piece 2, and the gap may vary depending on the location. Therefore, in order to obtain a good weld bead, it is necessary to change the welding conditions according to the gap. In addition to the function of the control unit 28 described in FIG. 6, the control unit 30 stops and restarts irradiation of the second wire 13 and the laser beam 1 and arc welding based on the gap signal input from the sensing unit 29. Or by changing the conditions thereof, it operates to obtain a constant weld bead. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the vertical direction aa ′ indicating the irradiation position of the light beam 32 does not exactly coincide with the position where the molten pool 14 is formed, but the distance is input to the control means 30 in advance. May be.

以上のように本発明の実施の形態によれば、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接で形成した溶融池に第２ワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げると共に、被溶接物にギャップがあっても良好な溶接ビードを得ることができる。 As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first wire is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece with the laser beam, and arc welding is performed with the workpiece. In the composite welding method performed simultaneously, the welding amount is increased without increasing the arc current by supplying the second wire to the weld pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding, and even if there is a gap in the work piece A good weld bead can be obtained.

以上の本発明の実施の形態１から形態３の説明では、図１〜図８に示した通り、ギャップ３を持った被溶接物２の突合せ溶接を例にして説明したが、前記突合せ以外の継手においても同様に、本発明の実施の形態における複合溶接方法を使用すればアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることが可能であり、また、被溶接物にギャップがあっても良好な溶接ビードを得ることができる。 In the above description of the first to third embodiments of the present invention, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 8, the butt welding of the workpiece 2 having the gap 3 has been described as an example. Similarly, in the joint, if the composite welding method according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, it is possible to increase the amount of welding without increasing the arc current, and it is good even if there is a gap in the workpiece. A weld bead can be obtained.

また、以上の説明では、溶接方向に対し、レーザビームの照射と第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤの順と、レーザビームの照射と第２ワイヤと第１ワイヤの順と、第１ワイヤとレーザビームの照射と第２ワイヤの順と、第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとレーザビームの照射の順と、第２ワイヤとレーザビームの照射と第１ワイヤの順と、第２ワイヤと第１ワイヤとレーザビームの順とで配置するよう構成したが、言うまでもなく、詳細の図示を省略するが、前記配置を溶接方向と垂直する方向において行ってもよい。 In the above description, the laser beam irradiation, the order of the first wire and the second wire, the laser beam irradiation, the order of the second wire and the first wire, and the first wire and the laser beam with respect to the welding direction. Irradiation, the order of the second wire, the order of the irradiation of the first wire, the second wire, and the laser beam, the order of the irradiation of the second wire, the laser beam, and the first wire, and the second wire and the first wire Although the laser beams are arranged in the order of the laser beams, it is needless to say that although detailed illustration is omitted, the arrangement may be performed in a direction perpendicular to the welding direction.

また、以上の説明では、第１ワイヤ１２と第２ワイヤ１３とのワイヤ径については言及しなかったが、言うまでも泣く、両者は同じでもよく、異なってもよい。 Moreover, in the above description, although the wire diameter of the 1st wire 12 and the 2nd wire 13 was not mentioned, it cannot be overemphasized, both may be the same and may differ.

以上のように本発明によれば、被溶接物の溶接位置にレーザビームを照射しながら前記溶接位置に第１ワイヤを送給して前記被溶接物との間でアーク溶接を同時に行う複合溶接方法において、前記レーザビームと前記アーク溶接で形成した溶融池に少なくとも１本の第２ワイヤを供給することによってアーク電流を上げることなく、溶着量を上げることのできる複合溶接方法と複合溶接装置を提供できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the composite welding in which the first wire is fed to the welding position while irradiating the welding position of the workpiece to be welded to simultaneously perform arc welding with the workpiece. In the method, there is provided a composite welding method and a composite welding apparatus capable of increasing the welding amount without increasing the arc current by supplying at least one second wire to the molten pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding. Can be provided.

本発明の実施の形態１における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the configuration of the composite welding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 消耗電極式アーク溶接方法と本発明の実施の形態における複合溶接法方法の溶着量とアーク電流の関係を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the relationship between the welding amount and arc current in the consumable electrode arc welding method and the composite welding method in the embodiment of the present invention. 第２ワイヤの供給位置を説明する模式図Schematic explaining the supply position of the second wire 第２ワイヤの供給位置を説明する模式図Schematic explaining the supply position of the second wire 第１ワイヤと第２ワイヤとの供給方法を説明する模式図Schematic explaining the supply method of the first wire and the second wire 本発明の実施の形態２における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the composite welding method in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態３における複合溶接方法の構成を示す模式図The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the composite welding method in Embodiment 3 of this invention. センシング手段の配置を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the arrangement of sensing means 従来のレーザ溶接および複合溶接による突合せ溶接のイメージを示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the image of conventional butt welding by laser welding and composite welding

Explanation of symbols

１レーザビーム
２被溶接物
３ギャップ
４ビード
５溶落ち
６ワイヤ
７アーク
８溶滴
９溶融池
１０ビード
１１溶落ち
１２第１ワイヤ
１３第２ワイヤ
１４溶融池
１５ビード
１６複合ノズル
１７レーザ発生手段
１８レーザ発振器
１９レーザ伝送手段
２０集光光学系
２１第１ワイヤ送給手段
２２第１トーチ
２３第２ワイヤ送給手段
２４第２トーチ
２５アーク発生手段
２６ケーブル
２７ケーブル
２８制御手段
２９センシング手段
３０制御手段
３１センサユニット
３２光ビーム
ａａ’ 垂直方向
Ａ溶接位置近傍
ＭＲ_Ａ溶融曲線
ＭＲ_Ｗ溶融曲線
ＭＲ_Ｈ溶融曲線
Ｖ_Ｗ０溶着量
Ｖ_Ｗ１溶着量
Ｖ_ＷＷ溶着量
Ｉ_０アーク電流
Ｉ_１アーク電流
Ｉ_２アーク電流 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laser beam 2 To-be-welded object 3 Gap 4 Bead 5 Melting-down 6 Wire 7 Arc 8 Droplet 9 Molten pool 10 Bead 11 Melting-down 12 1st wire 13 2nd wire 14 Molten pool 15 Bead 16 Compound nozzle 17 Laser generating means 18 Laser oscillator 19 Laser transmission means 20 Condensing optical system 21 First wire feeding means 22 First torch 23 Second wire feeding means 24 Second torch 25 Arc generating means 26 Cable 27 Cable 28 Control means 29 Sensing means 30 Control means 31 Sensor unit 32 Light beam aa ′ Vertical direction A Near welding position MR _A melting curve MR _W melting curve MR _H melting curve V _W0 welding amount V _W1 welding amount V _WW welding amount I ₀ arc current I ₁ arc current I ₂ arc current

Claims

In a composite welding method in which arc welding is performed simultaneously with the workpiece by feeding a first wire to the welding position while irradiating a laser beam to the welding position of the workpiece,
A composite welding method for supplying at least one second wire to a molten pool formed by the laser beam and the arc welding.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to a welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from a front direction of the laser beam. Composite welding method.

The first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from between the laser beam and the first wire. The composite welding method according to claim 1.

2. The first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to a welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from a rear direction of the first wire. Combined welding method.

2. The laser beam irradiation is arranged behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from the front direction of the first wire. The composite welding method as described.

The laser beam irradiation is arranged behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from between the first wire and the laser beam. The composite welding method according to claim 1.

The laser beam irradiation is disposed behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from the rear direction of the laser irradiation. Composite welding method.

The composite welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an optical axis of the laser beam, a central axis of the first wire, and a central axis of the second wire are different axes.

8. The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein a central axis of one of the first wire and the second wire is arranged coaxially with an optical axis of the laser beam.

The shielding gas used for the arc welding includes a second nozzle attached to a second torch for feeding the at least one second wire and a first nozzle attached to the first torch for feeding the first wire. The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein the composite welding method is supplied from at least one.

The composite welding method according to claim 10, wherein the composition of the shielding gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is different.

The composite welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the shielding gas is supplied from a composite nozzle attached to a composite torch that simultaneously feeds the at least one second wire and the first wire. .

The composite welding method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the shielding gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is independently supplied and stopped according to a welding site.

The composite welding method according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the irradiation condition of the laser beam and the arc welding condition is changed when the shielding gas is stopped or restarted.

The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein the first wire and the second wire are made of the same material.

The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein the first wire and the at least one second wire are made of different materials having the same main component.

The composite welding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or 8 to 16, wherein the main component of the workpiece, the first wire, and the second wire is aluminum. Method.

The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein the main component of the workpiece, the first wire, and the second wire is iron.

The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the second wires is stopped by a welding site.

When at least one of the second wires is stopped or restarted, at least one of the laser beam irradiation condition, the arc welding condition, and the at least one feeding speed at which the second wire is operating. The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein one of them is changed.

The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped depending on a welding site.

When either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped or restarted, the laser beam irradiation condition, the feeding speed of the first wire, and the feeding speed of at least one of the second wires The composite welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein at least one of the two is changed.

The composite welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein at least one of a feeding speed and a welding speed of the second wire is changed depending on a welding site.

The at least one of the irradiation condition of the laser beam and the arc welding condition is changed when changing at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire. Item 19. The composite welding method according to any one of Items 18.

The composite welding method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein the second wire, the laser beam irradiation, and the arc welding are stopped, restarted, or the condition thereof is changed according to an input signal from a sensor.

26. The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein a plasma arc is used instead of the laser beam irradiation.

27. The composite welding method according to claim 1, wherein pulse arc welding is used as the arc welding.

Laser generating means for irradiating a welding position of an object to be welded with a laser beam, first wire feeding means for feeding a first wire to the welding position via a first torch, the first wire and the welded object Arc generating means for supplying electric power for arc welding to an object, and at least one second wire feeding means for feeding at least one second wire to the welding position via at least one second torch And a control means for controlling the laser generating means, the arc generating means, and at least one second wire feeding means,
A composite welding apparatus that supplies the at least one second wire to a molten pool formed by the arc welding formed between the first wire and the workpiece and the laser beam.

29. The laser beam irradiation according to claim 28, wherein the first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to a welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from a front direction of the laser beam. Composite welding equipment.

The first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from between the laser beam and the first wire. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28.

29. The first wire is disposed behind the laser beam before irradiation of the laser beam with respect to a welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from a rear direction of the first wire. Composite welding equipment.

29. The laser beam irradiation is arranged behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from the front direction of the first wire. The composite welding apparatus as described.

The laser beam irradiation is arranged behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from between the first wire and the laser beam. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28.

29. The laser beam irradiation is arranged behind the first wire in front of the first wire with respect to the welding direction, and the at least one second wire is supplied from the rear direction of the laser irradiation. Composite welding equipment.

35. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the optical axis of the laser beam, the central axis of the first wire, and the central axis of the second wire are different axes.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 34, wherein a central axis of one of the first wire and the second wire is arranged coaxially with an optical axis of the laser beam.

The shielding gas is supplied from at least one of a second nozzle attached to the second torch for feeding the at least one second wire and a first nozzle attached to the first torch for feeding the first wire. The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 36.

38. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 37, wherein the composition of the shielding gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is different.

36. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the shielding gas is supplied from a composite nozzle attached to a composite torch for simultaneously feeding the at least one second wire and the first wire.

39. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 37 or claim 38, wherein the shielding gas supplied from the first nozzle and the second nozzle is supplied and stopped independently according to a welding site.

The composite welding apparatus according to claim 40, wherein at least one of an irradiation condition of the laser beam and a condition of the arc welding is changed when the shielding gas is stopped or restarted.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 41, wherein the first wire and the second wire are made of the same material.

42. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the first wire and the at least one second wire are made of different materials having the same main component.

The composite welding according to any one of claims 28 to 31, or 35 to 43, wherein the main component of the workpiece, the first wire, and the second wire is aluminum. apparatus.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 and 32 to 43, wherein the main component of the workpiece, the first wire, and the second wire is iron.

46. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28, wherein at least one of the second wires is stopped by a welding site.

When at least one of the second wires is stopped or restarted, at least one of the laser beam irradiation condition, the arc welding condition, and the at least one feeding speed at which the second wire is operating. The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 45, wherein one of them is changed.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 45, wherein either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped by a welding site.

When either the laser beam irradiation or the arc welding is stopped or restarted, the laser beam irradiation condition, the feeding speed of the first wire, and the feeding speed of at least one of the second wires The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 45, wherein at least one of the two is changed.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 45, wherein at least one of a feeding speed and a welding speed of at least one second wire is changed depending on a welding site.

29. The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein at least one of the laser beam irradiation condition and the arc welding condition is changed when changing at least one of the feeding speed and the welding speed of the second wire. Item 46. The composite welding apparatus according to any one of Items 45.

52. The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 46 to 51, wherein the second wire, the laser beam irradiation, and the arc welding are stopped, restarted, or a condition change thereof is performed in accordance with an input signal from a sensor.

53. The composite welding apparatus according to claim 28, wherein a plasma arc is used instead of the laser beam irradiation.

The composite welding apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 53, wherein pulse arc welding is used as the arc welding.