JP2009274805A - Elevator malfunction detecting device - Google Patents

Elevator malfunction detecting device Download PDF

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JP2009274805A
JP2009274805A JP2008127012A JP2008127012A JP2009274805A JP 2009274805 A JP2009274805 A JP 2009274805A JP 2008127012 A JP2008127012 A JP 2008127012A JP 2008127012 A JP2008127012 A JP 2008127012A JP 2009274805 A JP2009274805 A JP 2009274805A
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elevator
car
sound
abnormality
sound collecting
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Aya Miyazaki
彩 宮崎
Tomofumi Hagitani
知文 萩谷
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator malfunction detecting device for accurately detecting the malfunction of a plurality of equipment in accordance with operating sounds. <P>SOLUTION: The elevator malfunction detecting device is provided for an elevator which has a hoisting machine 6 for driving a car 1 and a counterweight 2 arranged elevatably along a shaft 4, and doors 8a-8c, 9 installed in doorways 1a, 7a-7c on the side of the car 1 and on the side of an elevator hall, respectively, and adapted to be opened/closed to allow passengers to get on/out of the car 1. It uses sound collecting microphones for collecting the operating sounds of the equipment and analyzes the characteristics of the sounds to detect the malfunction. The sound collecting microphones 10a-10g are installed near the hoisting machine 6, near the doorways 7a-7c, and at a plurality of positions on the shaft 4 for detecting the malfunction of the plurality of equipment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、集音マイクを機器の近傍に設置しその音の特性を解析することで異常を検出するエレベーターの異常検出装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an elevator abnormality detection apparatus that detects an abnormality by installing a sound collecting microphone in the vicinity of a device and analyzing the characteristics of the sound.

従来、エレベーターの異常検出装置として、かご上部及びかご内部に集音マイクを設置し、点検運転時にかご上部及びかご内部に搭載された集音マイクにより集音し、この音のレベルに応じてエレベーターの運行可否を判別するものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, as an elevator abnormality detection device, a sound collection microphone is installed at the top of the car and inside the car, and the sound is collected by the sound collection microphone installed at the top of the car and inside the car during inspection operation. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、機械室レスエレベーターにあって、その巻上機の近傍にカメラと一体型の集音マイクを設置し、巻上機を通常運転、又は高速運転させて、遠隔地から映像と音により動作状況を確認し保守点検を行うものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
特開２００７−１３７６４７号公報（段落番号０００８〜００１６、図１） 特開２００３−１９２２４８号公報（段落番号００２６〜００３８、図１） In a machine room-less elevator, a sound collecting microphone integrated with the camera is installed in the vicinity of the hoisting machine, and the hoisting machine is operated normally or at high speed, and operates with images and sounds from a remote location. One that confirms the situation and performs maintenance inspection has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2007-137647 (paragraph numbers 0008 to 0016, FIG. 1) JP2003-192248 (paragraph numbers 0026 to 0038, FIG. 1)

しかしながら、上述した特許文献１のような異常検出装置では、かごに集音マイクを設置する構造上、かごと一緒に集音マイクも走行し、したがって、異常音が発生する位置を特定することが難しいという問題があった。   However, in the abnormality detection apparatus such as Patent Document 1 described above, the sound collecting microphone also travels together with the car because of the structure in which the sound collecting microphone is installed in the car, and therefore the position where the abnormal sound is generated can be specified. There was a problem that it was difficult.

また、上述した特許文献２のような異常検出装置では、機械室レスエレベーターの昇降路内にあって巻上機の異常検出を対象とし、その近傍に集音マイクを設置したものである。このため、稼動音に基づき他の機器の異常を検出することができないとともに、巻上機以外の機器に異常が発生して異常音が生じると、その影響により巻上機の可動状態も正確に判断することができず、保守点検に混乱を招く恐れがあった。   Moreover, in the abnormality detection apparatus like patent document 2 mentioned above, it exists in the hoistway of a machine room less elevator, and it has set the sound collection microphone in the vicinity as object for abnormality detection of a hoisting machine. For this reason, it is not possible to detect abnormalities in other equipment based on the operating sound, and when abnormal sounds occur due to abnormalities in equipment other than the hoisting machine, the moving state of the hoisting machine is also accurately affected by that effect. It could not be judged, and there was a risk of confusion in maintenance inspection.

本発明の目的は、上記背景技術のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的は、稼動音に基づきより正確に複数の機器の異常の検出を行うことのできるエレベーターの異常検出装置を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention was made to solve the above-described background art, and the object of the present invention is to detect an abnormality in an elevator that can more accurately detect an abnormality in a plurality of devices based on operating noise. It is to provide a detection device.

前記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る発明は、昇降路を昇降可能に配設されたかご及びつり合いおもりを駆動する巻上機と、上記かご側及び乗場側の出入口にそれぞれ設置されその開閉により乗客の上記かごへの乗り降りを可能とするドアとを有するエレベーターに設けられ、集音マイクにより機器の稼動音を集音しその音の特性を解析することで異常を検出するエレベーターの異常検出装置において、上記集音マイクは、前記巻上機の近傍、上記出入口の近傍、及び上記昇降路の複数個所にそれぞれ設置され、複数の機器の異常を検出可能としたことを特徴としている。   In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention provides a car and a hoisting machine for driving a counterweight, which are disposed so as to be capable of ascending and descending the hoistway, and the car side and landing side doorways. It is installed in an elevator that has doors that are installed and opened and closed to allow passengers to get in and out of the above car, and collects the operating sound of the equipment with a sound collecting microphone and analyzes the characteristics of the sound to detect abnormalities In the elevator abnormality detecting device, the sound collecting microphones are installed in the vicinity of the hoisting machine, in the vicinity of the entrance / exit, and in a plurality of locations of the hoistway, respectively, so that the abnormality of a plurality of devices can be detected. It is a feature.

このように構成した本発明の請求項１に係る発明では、集音マイクを、巻上機の近傍、出入口の近傍、及び昇降路の複数個所にそれぞれ設置し、これらの集音マイクにより複数の機器の稼動音を集音しその音を解析することで、複数の機器の異常を検出することが可能となる。   In the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention configured as described above, the sound collecting microphones are respectively installed in the vicinity of the hoisting machine, in the vicinity of the entrance / exit, and in a plurality of places on the hoistway, and a plurality of sound collecting microphones are used. It is possible to detect abnormalities in a plurality of devices by collecting operating sounds of the devices and analyzing the sounds.

また、本発明の請求項２に係る発明は、上記集音マイクは、機械室レスエレベーターにおける方向転換綱車の近傍に設置されることを特徴としている。   The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the sound collecting microphone is installed in the vicinity of a direction change sheave in a machine room-less elevator.

このように構成した本発明の請求項２に係る発明では、機械室レスエレベーターにあって、集音マイクを方向転換綱車の近傍に設置することで、方向転換綱車からの主索の逸脱、或いは主索の引っ掛かり等の異常を検出することができる。   In the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention configured as described above, in the machine room-less elevator, the sound collecting microphone is installed in the vicinity of the direction change sheave so that the main rope deviates from the direction change sheave. Alternatively, it is possible to detect an abnormality such as a main rope being caught.

本発明によれば、エレベーターの主要機器のある箇所にそれぞれ集音マイクを設置し、各機器の稼動音の特性を解析することで、どの機器に異常が発生したのかを正確、かつ早期に検出することができる。これによって、迅速、かつ適切に異常に対応し、エレベーターの安全性の向上を図ることができる。   According to the present invention, a sound collecting microphone is installed in each part of an elevator main device, and the characteristics of the operating sound of each device are analyzed to accurately and quickly detect which device has an abnormality. can do. As a result, it is possible to respond to an abnormality quickly and appropriately, and to improve the safety of the elevator.

以下、本発明に係るエレベーターの異常検出装置の実施の形態を図に基づいて説明する。   Embodiments of an elevator abnormality detection apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は本発明に係るエレベーターの異常検出装置の一実施形態を示す概略構成図、図２は地震発生時の処理手順を示すフローチャート、図３は定期点検時の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。   FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator abnormality detection apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when an earthquake occurs, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure during a periodic inspection.

本実施形態のエレベーターは、図１に示すように、かご１及びつり合いおもり２が主索３により昇降路４内に吊り下げられているとともに、主索３は昇降路４の上部に別途形成された機械室５に設置されている巻上機６に巻き掛けられており、巻上機６により主索３が駆動されることで、かご１及びつり合いおもり２が昇降路４内を昇降するようになっている。また、建屋の各階床に設けられるエレベーターの乗場出入口７ａ、７ｂ、７ｃには、それぞれ乗場ドア８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃが開閉可能に設けられるとともに、かご１のかご出入口１ａには、乗場ドア８ａ〜８ｃと対向可能なかごドア９が備えられている。   In the elevator of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are suspended in the hoistway 4 by the main rope 3, and the main rope 3 is separately formed on the upper part of the hoistway 4. It is wound around a hoisting machine 6 installed in the machine room 5 and the main rope 3 is driven by the hoisting machine 6 so that the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are raised and lowered in the hoistway 4. It has become. In addition, landing doors 8a, 8b, and 8c are provided at the landing doorways 7a, 7b, and 7c of the elevators provided on the respective floors of the building so as to be openable and closable, and the car doorway 1a of the car 1 has landing doors 8a to 8a. A car door 9 which can face 8c is provided.

そして、巻上機６の近傍に集音マイク１０ａ、各乗場出入口７ａ〜７ｃの近傍に集音マイク１０ｂ、１０ｃ、１０ｄ、昇降路４の複数個所、例えばその上部、中間部、及び下部に集音マイク１０ｅ、１０ｆ、１０ｇをそれぞれ設置してある。   The sound collecting microphone 10a is located in the vicinity of the hoisting machine 6, the sound collecting microphones 10b, 10c, and 10d are located in the vicinity of the landing entrances 7a to 7c, and a plurality of places in the hoistway 4, for example, at the upper, middle, and lower portions. Sound microphones 10e, 10f, and 10g are installed.

本実施形態のエレベーターの異常検出装置にあっては、図２に示すように、例えば手順Ｓ１として地震が発生した場合、手順Ｓ２として感知器が所定値以上の揺れを検知すると、手順Ｓ３に示すようにかご１を地震管制運転して最寄階に停止させ運転休止とする。この後、地震の揺れによる異常が無いかどうかを判断するために点検運転を実施するが、まず、手順Ｓ４に示すように一旦管制運転を解除し、手順Ｓ５として点検運転を開始する。例えば、低速にてかご１を運転するとともに、各階床にて開扉及び閉扉動作を実施する。このとき集音マイク１０ａは巻上機６の動作音、集音マイク１０ｂ、１０ｃ、１０ｄは乗場ドア８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ及びかごドア９の動作音、集音マイク１０ｅ、１０ｆ、１０ｇはかご１の昇降音、及び主索３の摺動音等を集音し、手順Ｓ６としてこれらの音の特性、例えば周波数や音圧をあらかじめ設定された値（閾値）と比較することにより異常があるかどうかが判断される。なお、閾値は、初期故障期間および経年故障期間を除いた安定期間において、複数回測定して得られた音の平均値に所定のオフセット値を加えたものである。そして、手順Ｓ６の比較により異常が検出されると、手順Ｓ７に示すように図示しない保守センターに通報がなされるとともに、安全を確保するためにエレベーターは手順Ｓ８として運転休止となる。なお、前述した手順Ｓ２で感知器が所定値以上の揺れを検知しなかった場合、エレベーターは手順Ｓ９として平常運転されるとともに、前述した手順Ｓ６の比較で異常が検出されなかった場合、手順Ｓ１０に示すようにエレベーターの通常運転が再開される。   In the elevator abnormality detection device according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, when an earthquake occurs as procedure S1, if the sensor detects a shake greater than or equal to a predetermined value as procedure S2, it is shown in procedure S3. As described above, the car 1 is operated by seismic control and stopped at the nearest floor to stop the operation. Thereafter, an inspection operation is performed in order to determine whether or not there is an abnormality due to the shaking of the earthquake. First, as shown in step S4, the control operation is once canceled and the inspection operation is started as step S5. For example, the car 1 is operated at a low speed and the doors are opened and closed on each floor. At this time, the sound collecting microphone 10a is the operating sound of the hoisting machine 6, the sound collecting microphones 10b, 10c and 10d are the operating sounds of the landing doors 8a, 8b and 8c and the car door 9, and the sound collecting microphones 10e, 10f and 10g are the car 1. Whether or not there is an abnormality by collecting the sound and the like of the main rope 3 and the sliding sound of the main rope 3 and comparing the characteristics of these sounds, such as frequency and sound pressure, with a preset value (threshold value) as step S6 Judgment is made. The threshold value is obtained by adding a predetermined offset value to the average value of the sound obtained by measuring a plurality of times in the stable period excluding the initial failure period and the secular failure period. And if abnormality is detected by comparison of procedure S6, as shown to procedure S7, while notifying a maintenance center which is not shown in figure, in order to ensure safety, an elevator will be stopped as procedure S8. If the sensor does not detect a swing greater than or equal to the predetermined value in step S2, the elevator is normally operated as step S9. If no abnormality is detected in the comparison in step S6, step S10 is performed. As shown, the normal operation of the elevator is resumed.

また、エレベーターの定期点検を行う場合、図４に示すように、手順Ｓ１１のように平常運転状態にあるエレベーターに、手順Ｓ１２として点検指令を出力し点検運転を実施する。例えば、低速及び高速にてかご１を運転するとともに、各階床にて開扉及び閉扉動作を実施する。このとき集音マイク１０ａは巻上機６の動作音、集音マイク１０ｂ、１０ｃ、１０ｄは乗場ドア８ａ、８ｂ、８ｃ及びかごドア９の動作音、集音マイク１０ｅ、１０ｆ、１０ｇはかご１の昇降音、及び主索３の摺動音等を集音し、手順Ｓ１３としてこれらの音の特性、例えば周波数や音圧をあらかじめ設定された値（閾値）と比較することにより異常があるかどうかが判断される。そして、手順Ｓ１３の比較により異常が検出されると、手順Ｓ１４に示すように異常箇所の点検・修理が行われ、異常が復旧した場合、手順Ｓ１５に示すようにエレベーターの平常運転が続行される。また、前述した手順Ｓ１３の比較で異常が検出されなかった場合、手順Ｓ１５に示すようにエレベーターの平常運転が続行される。   In addition, when performing periodic inspection of the elevator, as shown in FIG. 4, an inspection command is output to the elevator that is in a normal operation state as in step S <b> 11 as step S <b> 12 to perform the inspection operation. For example, the car 1 is operated at a low speed and a high speed, and opening and closing operations are performed on each floor. At this time, the sound collecting microphone 10a is the operating sound of the hoisting machine 6, the sound collecting microphones 10b, 10c and 10d are the operating sounds of the landing doors 8a, 8b and 8c and the car door 9, and the sound collecting microphones 10e, 10f and 10g are the car 1. Whether or not there is an abnormality by collecting characteristics of these sounds such as frequency and sound pressure with a preset value (threshold value) as step S13. Judgment is made. If an abnormality is detected by comparison in step S13, the abnormal part is inspected and repaired as shown in step S14. When the abnormality is recovered, normal operation of the elevator is continued as shown in step S15. . If no abnormality is detected in the comparison in step S13 described above, the normal operation of the elevator is continued as shown in step S15.

本実施形態によれば、エレベーターの主要機器のある箇所にそれぞれ集音マイク１０ａ〜１０ｇを設置し、各機器の稼動音の特性を解析することで、どの機器に異常が発生したのかを正確、かつ早期に検出することができる。これによって、迅速、かつ適切に異常に対応し、エレベーターの安全性の向上を図ることができる。   According to the present embodiment, the sound collecting microphones 10a to 10g are respectively installed at certain locations of the main equipment of the elevator, and by analyzing the characteristics of the operating sound of each equipment, it is possible to accurately determine which equipment has an abnormality, And early detection is possible. As a result, it is possible to respond to an abnormality quickly and appropriately, and to improve the safety of the elevator.

なお、本実施形態では、地震発生時の点検、及び定期点検についてフローチャートを用いその詳細を説明したが、集音マイク１０ａ〜１０ｇは常時機器の稼動音を収集し、収集した音を継続的に閾値と比較することにより異常の検出を行うようにすることができることはもちろんである。   In the present embodiment, the details of the inspection at the time of the earthquake and the periodic inspection have been described using flowcharts. However, the sound collecting microphones 10a to 10g always collect the operation sound of the device and continuously collect the collected sound. Of course, the abnormality can be detected by comparing with the threshold value.

図４は本発明に係るエレベーターの異常検出装置の他の実施形態を示す概略構成図である。   FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing another embodiment of the elevator abnormality detection device according to the present invention.

図４に示すエレベーターはいわゆる機械室レスエレベーターであり、巻上機１１が昇降路１２下部に形成されるピット１３に配置され、巻上機１１に巻き掛けられる主索１４の両端が昇降路１２上部に固定されるとともに、その中間位置に、かご下綱車１５を介してかご１６、及びつり合いおもり綱車１７を介してつり合いおもり１８がそれぞれ係合されている。また、主索１４は昇降路１２上部に配置された２つの方向転換綱車１９にその中間部が巻き掛けられている。さらに、建屋の各階床に設けられるエレベーターの乗場出入口２０ａ、２０ｂ、２０ｃには、それぞれ乗場ドア２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃが開閉可能に設けられるとともに、かご１６のかご出入口１６ａには、乗場ドア２１ａ〜２１ｃと対向可能なかごドア２２が備えられている。   The elevator shown in FIG. 4 is a so-called machine room-less elevator. The hoisting machine 11 is arranged in a pit 13 formed in the lower part of the hoistway 12, and both ends of the main rope 14 wound around the hoisting machine 11 are the hoistway 12. While being fixed to the upper part, a car 16 and a counterweight 18 are engaged with each other at an intermediate position via a counterweight sheave 15 and a counterweight sheave 17. Further, the intermediate portion of the main rope 14 is wound around two direction change sheaves 19 arranged at the upper part of the hoistway 12. Furthermore, landing doors 21a, 21b, and 21c are provided in the elevator doorways 20a, 20b, and 20c of the elevators provided on the floors of the building so as to be openable and closable, and the car doorway 16a of the car 16 has landing doors 21a to 21a. A car door 22 is provided which can face 21c.

そして、巻上機１１の近傍、即ちピット１３に集音マイク２３ａ、各乗場出入口２０ａ〜２０ｃの近傍に集音マイク２３ｂ、２３ｃ、２３ｄ、昇降路１２の複数個所、例えばその上部、中間部、及び下部に集音マイク２３ｅ、２３ｆ、２３ｇ、方向転換綱車１９の近傍に集音マイク２３ｈをそれぞれ設置してある。   And in the vicinity of the hoisting machine 11, that is, in the pit 13 in the vicinity of the sound collecting microphone 23a, in the vicinity of the landing entrances 20a to 20c, a plurality of sound collecting microphones 23b, 23c, 23d, and a plurality of hoistways 12, such as the upper part, the intermediate part, The sound collecting microphones 23e, 23f, and 23g are disposed below the sound collecting microphone 23h, and the sound collecting microphone 23h is disposed near the direction change sheave 19 respectively.

他の実施形態にあっては、前述した実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができるとともに、機械室レスエレベーターの方向転換綱車１９に生じうる異常も確実に検出することができる。   In other embodiments, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained, and abnormalities that can occur in the direction change sheave 19 of the machine room-less elevator can also be reliably detected.

本発明に係るエレベーターの異常検出装置の一実施形態を示す概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an elevator abnormality detection device according to the present invention. 地震発生時の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake. 定期点検時の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence at the time of a periodic inspection. 本発明に係るエレベーターの異常検出装置の他の実施形態を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows other embodiment of the abnormality detection apparatus of the elevator which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１６ かご
１ａ、１６ａ かご出入口
２、１８ つり合いおもり
３、１４ 主索
４、１２ 昇降路
５ 機械室
６、１１ 巻上機
７ａ〜７ｃ、２０ａ〜２０ｃ 乗場出入口
８ａ〜８ｃ、２１ａ〜２１ｃ 乗場ドア
９、２２ かごドア
１０ａ〜１０ｇ、２３ａ〜２３ｈ 集音マイク
１３ ピット
１５ かご下綱車
１７ つり合いおもり綱車
１９ 方向転換綱車 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,16 Car 1a, 16a Car entrance 2, 18 Balance weight 3, 14 Main rope 4,12 Hoistway 5 Machine room 6,11 Hoisting machines 7a-7c, 20a-20c Platform entrance 8a-8c, 21a-21c Door 9, 22 Car door 10a-10g, 23a-23h Sound collecting microphone 13 Pit 15 Car lower sheave 17 Counterweight sheave 19 Directional change sheave

Claims (2)

昇降路を昇降可能に配設されたかご及びつり合いおもりを駆動する巻上機と、上記かご側及び乗場側の出入口にそれぞれ設置されその開閉により乗客の上記かごへの乗り降りを可能とするドアとを有するエレベーターに設けられ、集音マイクにより機器の稼動音を集音しその音の特性を解析することで異常を検出するエレベーターの異常検出装置において、
上記集音マイクは、前記巻上機の近傍、上記出入口の近傍、及び上記昇降路の複数個所にそれぞれ設置され、複数の機器の異常を検出可能としたことを特徴とするエレベーターの異常検出装置。 A hoisting machine that drives a car and a counterweight disposed so as to be capable of moving up and down the hoistway, and a door that is installed at each of the car-side and landing-side entrances and that allows passengers to enter and exit the car In an elevator abnormality detection device that detects an abnormality by collecting the operating sound of a device with a sound collecting microphone and analyzing the characteristics of the sound,
The above-described sound collecting microphone is installed in the vicinity of the hoisting machine, in the vicinity of the entrance / exit, and in a plurality of locations of the hoistway, and can detect an abnormality in a plurality of devices. . 上記集音マイクは、機械室レスエレベーターにおける方向転換綱車の近傍に設置されることを特徴とする請求項１記載のエレベーターの異常検出装置。   2. The elevator abnormality detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the sound collecting microphone is installed in the vicinity of a direction change sheave in a machine room-less elevator.
JP2008127012A 2008-05-14 2008-05-14 Elevator malfunction detecting device Pending JP2009274805A (en)

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