JP2009202212A - Method and apparatus for joining different kinds of material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for joining different kinds of material, which can maintain high strength in joining portion composed mainly of a soft material, in a joining method of different kinds of metal using a friction stir joining. <P>SOLUTION: The joining method of different kinds of material comprises the steps of: butting together a hard metallic material plate 2 and a soft material plate 1 that is composed of different kinds of metallic material with lower hardness than the hard metallic plate 2; inserting a pin 12 of a rotary tool 10 in the soft material plate 1 at the butting point 5; rotating and moving a shoulder 11 and a pin 12 while pressing a plate surface by the shoulder 11 of the rotary tool; and joining the plates together through plastic fluidization of the soft material plate 1 caused by frictional heat attributed to rotation. At the butting point 5, a stepped part 3 where the thickness of the soft material plate 1 is larger than that of the hard material plate 2 is prepared to generate an aperture between the shoulder 11 and the hard material plate 2, so that the soft material 4 softened and fluidized due to rotation of the rotary tool 10 can penetrate into the aperture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dissimilar material joining method and apparatus for joining a metal hard plate material and a soft plate material made of a dissimilar metal material having a lower hardness than the hard plate material by friction stir welding.

Conventionally, fusion welding such as arc welding, laser welding, resistance welding, and the like has been widely used as a method for joining different kinds of metals, such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel. However, the dissimilar metal joining method by fusion welding has a problem that joint strength is lowered because a brittle intermetallic compound is formed on the joint surface between dissimilar metals or blowholes are generated in the welded part.
Therefore, as a method for joining different kinds of metals without reducing the joining strength, a method of joining by a friction joining method has been proposed and put into practical use.

Solid-phase joining methods by friction stir welding are known, and in such joining methods, a rotating pin of a rotating tool made of a material substantially harder than the workpiece is inserted into a butt portion of the workpiece, and the rotating tool is rotated. This is a joining method in which workpieces are joined by plastic flow due to frictional heat generated between the rotating pin and the workpiece by moving the solid phase using the metal plastic flow caused by frictional heat between the rotating pin and the joining member. Because of joining, joining can be performed without melting the joint, and deformation after joining is small. Since the joint is not melted, there are many advantages such as fewer defects.
Conventionally, this friction stir welding has been mainly used for joining the same kind of material, but since it can maintain high joining strength and improve the quality of the joining member, it has recently been tried to apply to joining of dissimilar materials. Has been made.

However, between different materials, the physical properties of the two materials are greatly different, so that there is a possibility that an unjoined portion may occur, and there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a joint with high mechanical properties. That is, a fragile metal compound is formed by mixing different kinds of metals with each other, whereby the bonding strength is lowered and the quality of the bonding member cannot be ensured.
Therefore, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-255420), as shown in FIG. 8, in the method of joining the soft material 61 and the hard material 62 by friction stir welding, the pin 52 of the rotary tool 50 is soft. A method of performing friction stir welding by placing 0.05 mm or more on the hard material 62 side with respect to the butt line between the material 61 and the hard material 62 and placing most of the material on the soft material 61 side is disclosed. The pin 52 that slightly enters the hard material 62 side is designed to improve the joining strength by scraping the end face of the hard material 62 to expose a new interface and joining the soft material 61 with plastic flow.

JP 2004-255420 A

  However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the method in which the pin of the rotary tool is disposed on the soft material side and the friction stir welding is performed, the soft material is plastically flowed to form a joint between both plate materials. All the minute gaps generated at the abutting portions of both plate materials are supplemented with a soft material. As a result, joint defects such as voids and density reduction occur between the joint portion or the shoulder of the rotary tool and the plate material surface, which may cause a reduction in bond strength. Moreover, although it is an effective method to make the pin slightly enter the hard material side and scrape off the hard material, the surface of the hard material that comes into contact with the shoulder of the rotary tool is also shaved off together. As a result, there is a problem that the wear pieces of the hard material are excessively mixed into the soft material that plastically flows, and the bonding strength is reduced.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a dissimilar material joining method and apparatus capable of maintaining high strength of a joint formed mainly of a soft material in a method of joining dissimilar metals by friction stir welding. The purpose is to provide.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the present invention provides:
A hard plate made of metal and a soft plate made of a dissimilar metal material having a lower hardness than the hard plate are abutted, a pin of a rotary tool is inserted on the soft plate side of the abutting portion, and a plate surface is fixed with a shoulder of the rotary tool In the dissimilar material joining method in which the shoulder and the pin are moved while rotating in a pressed state, and the soft plate material is plastically flowed by frictional heat of rotation to join the plate materials together.
The butt portion is provided with a step where the thickness of the soft plate is larger than that of the hard plate so that a gap is formed between the shoulder and the hard plate, and the softening flow is caused by the rotation of the rotary tool. The soft material is made to enter the gap.

According to the present invention, since there is a step between the soft plate material and the hard plate material, the plastic material that has flowed plastically enters between the hard plate material and the shoulder, and the surface of the hard plate material is scraped by the shoulder. Can be prevented. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the wear pieces of the hard plate material from being excessively mixed into the soft material that plastically flows, and to increase the bonding strength.
In addition, by providing a step and increasing the volume on the soft plate material side at the butt portion, a sufficient amount of soft material can be allowed to flow into a minute gap existing between the soft plate material and the hard plate material, It becomes possible to prevent joint defects such as void formation and density reduction in the joint portion. Therefore, it is possible to increase the bonding strength and ensure high quality.

Moreover, after inserting the pin of the said rotary tool from the surface side of the butting | matching part of the said soft board | plate material and the said hard board | plate material, and joining both board | plate materials, inserting this pin from the back surface side of the said butt | matching part, and joining both board | plate materials It is characterized by that.
Due to this, even when the vicinity of the tip of the pin is not sufficiently agitated and a defect occurs when joining from the surface of the plate material, since the pin is inserted from the back side after joining the surface, joining defects The bonding strength can be increased by eliminating the above. In addition, since the rotary tool has a configuration in which only one side of the plate material is pressed with a shoulder to perform bonding, the pressing load can be easily controlled and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

Further, the step is provided on both the front and back sides of the butted portion of the soft plate material and the hard plate material,
The front shoulder and the rear shoulder are rotated synchronously while the butting portion is sandwiched between the front shoulder and the rear shoulder and pressed from both the front and back sides, and interposed between the front shoulder and the rear shoulder. The pin is rotated together with at least one of the shoulders.
In this way, by allowing the pins of the rotary tool to penetrate from the front surface to the back surface of both plate materials and applying a pressing load from the front and back surfaces of both plate materials with a shoulder, it is possible to prevent defects from occurring in the vicinity of the tip of the pin, and high quality Joining is possible. Furthermore, since high-quality bonding is possible with a single bonding, the number of work steps can be reduced and the working time can be shortened compared to the case where the front surface and the back surface are bonded together.

Furthermore, the pin is mainly positioned on the soft plate material side, and the pin is inserted on the hard plate material side by a thickness equivalent to or slightly larger than the thickness of the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material. It is characterized by being positioned.
In this way, it is possible to increase the joining strength by scraping off the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material and joining the two plate materials with the soft material plastically flowed.

Further, a fixing means for abutting and fixing a metal hard plate material and a soft plate material made of a dissimilar metal material having a hardness lower than that of the hard plate material, a shoulder for pressing the butt portion of both plate materials, and the soft plate material of the butt portion A rotating tool having a pin inserted on the side and driven to rotate together with the shoulder, moving the abutting portion while rotating the shoulder and the pin, and plastically flowing the soft material by the frictional heat of rotation to join the plates together In the dissimilar material joining device
The soft plate is thicker than the hard plate,
The fixing means fixes both the plate materials so that a step is formed at least on a surface in contact with the shoulder at the abutting portion.

Furthermore, the fixing means is means for fixing the soft plate material so as to have a step whose thickness is larger than that of the hard plate material on both front and back sides of the abutting portion,
The shoulder has a front shoulder and a rear shoulder that press both front and back sides of the abutting portion, and the front shoulder and the rear shoulder are configured to rotate synchronously, and the front shoulder and the rear shoulder The pin interposed between the pins rotates with at least one of the shoulders.

Furthermore, a cylinder connected to the front shoulder, a rotation main shaft extending from the back shoulder via the pin, a piston provided on the rotation main shaft and slidable in the cylinder, A pressure generating device that maintains a constant working fluid pressure of
The distance between the shoulders is displaced according to a change in the thickness of the abutting portion, and a constant pressing load is applied to the abutting portion from the front shoulder and the rear shoulder by the pressure generator. And
As a result, even if the plate thickness of the soft plate material and the hard plate material is changed, a constant pressing load can be applied to both plate materials via the front shoulder and the rear shoulder by the pressure generator, so that along the butt portion Therefore, it is possible to perform high-quality joining even on a plate material whose thickness changes.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the step where the thickness of the soft plate is increased is provided at the butt portion of the soft plate and the hard plate, the plastic material that has been plastically flowed enters between the hard plate and the shoulder. In addition, the surface of the hard plate material can be prevented from being scraped by the shoulder. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the wear pieces of the hard plate material from being excessively mixed into the soft material that plastically flows, and to increase the bonding strength.
In addition, by providing a step and increasing the volume on the soft plate material side at the butt portion, a sufficient amount of soft material can be allowed to flow into a minute gap existing between the soft plate material and the hard plate material, It becomes possible to prevent joint defects such as void formation and density reduction in the joint portion. Therefore, it is possible to increase the bonding strength and ensure high quality.

Moreover, after joining from the surface of a butt | matching part, a joining defect can be eliminated and joining strength can be made high by joining also from a back surface. In addition, since the rotary tool has a configuration in which only one side of the plate material is pressed with a shoulder to perform bonding, the pressing load can be easily controlled and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
Furthermore, by causing the pins of the rotary tool to penetrate from the front surface to the back surface of both plate materials and applying a pressing load from the front and back surfaces of both plate materials with a shoulder, it is possible to prevent defects from occurring near the tip of the pin, and high quality bonding can be achieved. It becomes possible. In addition, since high-quality bonding is possible with a single bonding, the number of work steps can be reduced and the working time can be shortened compared to the case where the front surface and the back surface are bonded together.

Furthermore, the pin is mainly positioned on the soft plate material side, and the pin is inserted on the hard plate material side by a thickness equal to or slightly larger than the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material. By positioning it, it is possible to scrape the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material, join both plate materials with a soft material plastically flowed, and increase the bonding strength.
In addition, by applying a pressure load from both the front and back surfaces of the butted portion with the front and back shoulders, and by providing a pressure generator that keeps the pressure load constant, the thickness of the soft plate and hard plate changes. Even if it exists, a fixed pressing load can be applied to both board | plate materials via a shoulder, and it is possible to perform high quality joining also in the board | plate material from which board thickness changes along a butt | matching part.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an arrangement configuration of plate members according to the present embodiment, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams relating to a dissimilar material joining method of Example 1, FIG. 4 is a diagram relating to a dissimilar material joining method of Example 2, and FIG. The figure regarding the dissimilar material joining method of Example 3, FIG.6 and FIG.7 is a figure explaining the apparatus which concerns on Example 3. FIG.

The dissimilar material joining method and apparatus according to the present embodiment joins a metal hard plate and a soft plate made of a dissimilar metal material having a hardness lower than that of the hard plate by friction stir welding. As shown in FIG. 1, the butted portion 5 between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 is disposed with a step 3 so that the soft plate material 2 becomes slightly higher, and is fixed by a fixing means (not shown). The height d ₁ of the step 3 is preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. Examples of the soft plate material 1 include aluminum and aluminum alloys, and examples of the hard plate material include steel materials, stainless steel alloys, and aluminum alloys different from the soft plate material.

2 and 3 show a configuration example of Example 1 which is a basic configuration of the present embodiment. The rotary tool 10 includes a shoulder 11 that presses both the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2, and a pin 12 attached to the shoulder 11. The shoulder 11 and the pin 12 are rotated by driving means (not shown). To drive. The shoulder 11 and the pin 12 are made of a material having higher hardness than the hard plate 2. The shoulder 11 is disposed so as to be in contact with the surfaces of both plate members, and presses both plate members with a predetermined pressing load. The rotary tool 1 is rotated in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined rotation speed by the driving means, and is movable at least in the direction of the butting line 5a between the plate members. The pin 12 of the rotary tool 1 is mainly located on the soft plate 1 side. Preferably, the central axis of the pin 12 causes positioned in the soft plate 1 side, the pin 1, is positioned so enter by a width d ₂ to the hard plate 2 side from the butt portion 5. The width d ₂ is equal to or slightly larger than the thickness of the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate 2, and is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 are arranged and abutted so as to have a step 3, and both plate materials 1 and 2 are fixed by fixing means (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary tool 10 is inserted from one end side of the butt line 5a while rotating at a predetermined rotational speed, and the rotary tool 10 is moved while joining both plate members along the butt line 5a.
By rotating the pin 12 of the rotary tool 11, the width d ₂ of the hard plate material 2 is scraped off, and the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material 2 is removed, and the soft plate material is generated by frictional heat of rotation of the pin 12 and the shoulder 11. 1 is plastically flowed, and both plate materials are joined to a new surface of the hard plate material 2 exposed by oxidation removal. 2 is a plastic flow region of the soft plate 1.

Since the step 3 is provided between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2, the plastic material 4 that has flowed plastically enters between the hard plate material 2 and the shoulder 11, and the surface of the hard plate material 2 is cut by the shoulder 11. Can be prevented. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the wear pieces of the hard plate member 2 from being excessively mixed in the soft material that is plastically flowed, and to increase the bonding strength.
Further, by providing the step 3 to increase the volume of the butt portion on the soft plate material 1 side, a sufficient amount of the soft material is caused to flow into a minute gap existing between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2. It is possible to prevent bonding defects such as void formation and density reduction in the bonding portion. Therefore, it is possible to increase the bonding strength and ensure high quality.
Furthermore, the pin 12 of the rotary tool 10 is mainly positioned on the soft plate 1 side, and is positioned by entering the width d ₂ from the butted portion 5 to the hard plate 2 side, thereby forming an oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate 2. It is possible to increase the joint strength by joining both plate materials with a soft material that has been scraped off and plastically flowed.

A dissimilar material joining method and apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the following second and third embodiments, detailed description of the same configurations as those of the first embodiment will be omitted.
FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the front surface bonding, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the back surface bonding.
In the present Example 2, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the soft board | plate material 1 and the hard board | plate material 2 are faced | matched and it fixes by the fixing means not shown. At this time, a step 3 is provided at the butted portion 5 between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 so that the soft plate material 1 side becomes higher. The step 3 is provided on both the front surfaces 1A and 2A and the back surfaces 1B and 2B. First, the pins 12 of the rotary tool 10 are inserted from the surfaces 1A and 2A, and moved while rotating along the butting line 5a as shown in FIG. At this time, as in the first embodiment, the pin 23 is mainly positioned on the soft plate 1 side, and is slightly inserted into the hard plate 2 side from the butted portion.
Next, both plate materials are turned over, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the pins 12 of the rotary tool 10 are inserted from the back surfaces 1B and 2B, and moved while rotating along the butt line to join the both plate materials.

According to the present Example 2, since the level | step difference 3 which the soft board | plate material 1 side becomes high is provided in the butt | matching part of the soft board | plate material 1 and the hard board | plate material 2, it becomes possible to improve joint strength and to ensure high quality. Become.
Further, in Example 2, even when the vicinity of the tip of the pin 12 is not sufficiently agitated and a defect occurs when joining from the front surfaces 1A and 2A, the pin 12 is inserted from the back surface 1B and 2B after joining the front surface. Since bonding is performed, bonding defects can be eliminated and bonding strength can be increased. Further, since the rotary tool 10 has a configuration in which only one side of the plate material is pressed by the shoulder 11 to perform bonding, the pressing load can be easily controlled and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

The dissimilar material joining method and apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 are brought into contact with each other and fixed by fixing means (not shown). The soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 are provided with a step 3 so that the soft plate material 1 is higher than the hard plate material 2, and they are abutted and fixed. At this time, a step 3 is provided at the abutting portion between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 such that the soft plate material 1 side becomes higher. The step 3 is provided on both the front surfaces 1A and 2A and the back surfaces 1B and 2B.
The rotary tool 20 includes a front shoulder 21 that presses the front surfaces of both plate members, a rear shoulder 22 that presses the back surfaces of both plate members, and a pin 23 that is positioned between the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22. The front shoulder 2, the rear shoulder 22, and the pin 23 rotate in synchronization with each other.

  The soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 which are arranged to face each other with a step 3 are sandwiched between the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22 so that a predetermined pressing load is applied to both plate materials by the shoulders 21 and 22. As in the first embodiment, the pin 23 is mainly positioned on the soft plate material 1 side, and is slightly inserted into the hard plate material 2 side from the butted portion. Then, while rotating the rotary tool 10, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotary tool is moved from one end side to the other end side of the butt line 5a to join both plate materials.

According to the third embodiment, the level difference 3 is provided at the abutting portion between the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 so that the soft plate material 1 side becomes higher. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bonding strength and ensure high quality. Become.
Moreover, in this Example 3, the pin 23 of the rotary tool 20 is penetrated from the front surface to the back surface of both plate materials, and a pressing load is applied by the shoulders 21 and 22 from the front surface and the back surface of both plate materials, thereby causing a defect near the tip of the pin. This can be prevented and high-quality joining is possible. Furthermore, since high-quality bonding is possible with a single bonding, the number of work steps can be reduced and the working time can be shortened compared to the case where the front surface and the back surface are bonded together.

Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG.6 and FIG.7 is used suitably as an apparatus provided with the above-mentioned rotary tool 20. FIG.
This device includes a rotary tool 20, a pressure generator 30 that applies a constant pressing load to both plate members via shoulders 21 and 22 of the rotary tool 20, and an electric motor 31 that rotates the rotary tool 20 at a predetermined rotational speed. With.
The rotary tool 20 includes a rotary main shaft 24 that is rotationally driven by an electric motor 31, and a front shoulder 21 and a rear shoulder 22 that are attached to the rotary main shaft 24. The front shoulder 21 presses from the front side against both plate members that are abutted against the soft plate member 1 and the hard plate member 2, and the back shoulder 22 presses both plate members from the back side. A pin 23 is provided between the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22, and the pin 23 is connected to the rear shoulder 22.

  A tool body 28 is provided above the surface shoulder 21, and a cylinder 27 is formed in the tool body 28. A piston 25 is provided above the rotation main shaft 24, and the piston 25 is slidably disposed on a sliding portion 26 provided on the inner surface of the cylinder 27. That is, the apparatus component unit in which the main shaft 24, the back shoulder 22, the pin 23, and the piston 25 are integrally formed, and the apparatus component unit in which the tool main body 28 and the surface shoulder 21 are integrally configured are the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate. The plate material 2 is configured to be displaced in the vertical direction relatively depending on the plate thickness.

In addition, hydraulic oil flows from the pressure generator 30 into the cylinder 27 via the hydraulic oil passage 31 formed in the rotary main shaft 24. The pressure generating device 30 includes a hydraulic circuit that performs control so as to apply a constant pressure to the pressure receiving surface of the cylinder 27.
When the plate thicknesses of the soft plate 1 and the hard plate 2 are changed, the device component unit including the front shoulder 21 and the device component unit including the back shoulder 22 are relatively vertically moved in accordance with the plate thickness. Displacement changes the distance between the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22, and the both hydraulic plates including the pressure generating device 30 are used to change the distance between the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22 via the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22. A constant pressing load is applied.

  6A shows the state of the apparatus when the plate thickness is thin, and FIG. 6B shows the state of the apparatus when the plate thickness is thick. In the figure, it is assumed that the back shoulder 22 is fixed at a fixed position. When the plate thickness is thin as shown in (a), the surface shoulder 21 is positioned below and the piston 25 is positioned above the sliding portion 26. From this state, the plate is positioned as shown in (b). When the thickness increases, the surface shoulder 21 moves upward, and the piston 25 moves to the lower side of the sliding portion 26. At this time, the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder 27 is kept constant, and the pressing load of the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22 is the same regardless of the plate thickness.

The rotating mechanism of the rotary tool 20 has a configuration in which a gear 41 fixed to the output shaft of the electric motor 40 and the outer peripheral surface of the tool main body 28 are fitted by a spline groove at the engaging portion 42. The rotational force is transmitted to the tool body 28 via the gear 41, and the tool body 28 is rotationally driven.
Here, FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of FIG. A plurality of sliding portions 26 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 27 of the tool body 28 are divided in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 25 corresponding to the sliding portions 26. A portion 25a is provided. By engaging the sliding part 26 with the convex part 25a of the piston, the rotary main shaft 23 provided with the piston 25 and the tool body 28 are rotationally driven in synchronization with the circumferential direction.

By providing the above configuration, the rotary tool 20 including the front shoulder 21, the rear shoulder 22, and the pin 23 is rotationally driven synchronously by the driving force of the electric motor 31. The rotation mechanism of the present embodiment is not particularly limited to the above configuration, and any configuration is possible as long as the rotary tool 20 including the front shoulder 21, the rear shoulder 22, and the pin 23 is rotationally driven in synchronization. It may be.
Even if the thicknesses of the soft plate material 1 and the hard plate material 2 change due to the above configuration, the same pressing load can be applied to both plate materials by the front shoulder 21 and the rear shoulder 22, and therefore along the butt line. It is possible to perform high-quality joining even on a plate material whose thickness changes.

It is a sectional side view explaining the arrangement configuration of the board | plate material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing at the time of rotary tool insertion which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view explaining the movement of the rotary tool which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the dissimilar material joining method which concerns on Example 2 of this invention, (a) is the figure at the time of surface joining, (b) is a figure which shows the time of back surface joining. It is a schematic sectional drawing at the time of rotary tool insertion which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a whole block diagram of the apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a sectional side view explaining the conventional different material joining method.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soft board | plate material 2 Hard board | plate material 3 Level | step difference 4 Soft material 5 Butting part 5a Butting line 10, 20 Rotating tool 11 Shoulder 13, 23 Pin 21 Front shoulder 22 Back shoulder 24 Rotating spindle 25 Piston 26 Sliding part 27 Cylinder 28 Tool body 30 Pressure Generator 31 Hydraulic oil passage 40 Electric motor

Claims (7)

A hard plate made of metal and a soft plate made of a dissimilar metal material having a lower hardness than the hard plate are abutted, a pin of a rotary tool is inserted on the soft plate side of the abutting portion, and a plate surface is fixed with a shoulder of the rotary tool In the dissimilar material joining method in which the shoulder and the pin are moved while rotating in a pressed state, and the soft plate material is plastically flowed by frictional heat of rotation to join the plate materials together.
The butt portion is provided with a step where the thickness of the soft plate is larger than that of the hard plate so that a gap is formed between the shoulder and the hard plate, and the softening flow is caused by the rotation of the rotary tool. A dissimilar material joining method, characterized in that a soft material that has entered is intruded into the gap.   After inserting the pins of the rotary tool from the surface side of the abutting portion of the soft plate material and the hard plate material and joining both plate materials, the pins are inserted from the back side of the abutting portion to join both plate materials The dissimilar material joining method according to claim 1, wherein: The step is provided on both the front and back sides of the butt portion of the soft plate and the hard plate,
The front shoulder and the rear shoulder are rotated synchronously while the butting portion is sandwiched between the front shoulder and the rear shoulder and pressed from both the front and back sides, and interposed between the front shoulder and the rear shoulder. 2. The dissimilar material joining method according to claim 1, wherein the pin to be rotated is rotated together with at least one of the shoulders.   The pin is mainly located on the soft plate material side, and the pin is inserted into the hard plate side by an amount equivalent to or slightly larger than the thickness of the oxide film formed on the surface of the hard plate material. The dissimilar material joining method according to claim 1, wherein the dissimilar material joining method is provided. A fixing means for abutting and fixing a metal hard plate material and a soft plate material made of a dissimilar metal material having a lower hardness than the hard plate material, a shoulder for pressing the abutting portions of both the plate materials, and the soft plate material side of the abutting portion A dissimilar material comprising a rotary tool having a pin inserted and rotationally driven with the shoulder, moving the abutting portion while rotating the shoulder and the pin, and plastically flowing a soft material by frictional heat of rotation to join the plates together In the joining device,
The soft plate is thicker than the hard plate,
The fixing device fixes the two plate members so that a level difference is formed on at least a surface of the abutting portion that contacts the shoulder. The fixing means is means for fixing the soft plate material on the front and back both sides of the abutting portion so as to have a step having a thickness larger than that of the hard plate material,
The shoulder has a front shoulder and a rear shoulder that press both front and back sides of the abutting portion, and the front shoulder and the rear shoulder are configured to rotate synchronously, and the front shoulder and the rear shoulder 6. The dissimilar material joining apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the pin interposed therebetween rotates together with at least one of the shoulders. A cylinder connected to the front shoulder, a rotation main shaft extending from the back shoulder via the pin, a piston provided on the rotation main shaft and slidable in the cylinder, and a working fluid in the cylinder A pressure generating device that keeps the pressure constant,
The distance between the shoulders is displaced according to a change in the thickness of the abutting portion, and a constant pressing load is applied to the abutting portion from the front shoulder and the rear shoulder by the pressure generator. The dissimilar material joining apparatus according to claim 6.

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