JP2009167177A - Plant protecting and activating agent - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant protecting and activating agent effective for protecting a plant by suppressing the damage (blight) of the plant with harmful insects, nematodes, etc., and improving the growth promoting action by activating the plant. <P>SOLUTION: The agent includes one or more materials selected from neem oil, neem organs and neem cake and a ferrosoferric salt expressed by Fe<SP>+2</SP><SB>m</SB>Fe<SP>+3</SP><SB>n</SB>Cl<SB>2m+3n</SB>(in the formula, m and n are each a positive integer). The ferrosoferric salt is present in a state dissolved in water. The agent may further contain an organic fertilizer as a component. The ferrosoferric salt contained in the plant protecting and activating agent promotes the effects of neem such as insecticidal, insect controlling and insect repelling effects and the antifeeding action of neem, suppresses the damage (blight) of the plant by a harmful insects, nematodes, etc., to protect the plant, and improves the growth promoting action by activating the plant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective activator for various crops, trees and other plants. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plant protective active agent that suppresses and protects plant damage (disease) caused by harmful microorganisms such as various pests and nematodes and activates plants to promote growth.

  Traditionally, pesticides such as synthetic insecticides have been used to control or control various diseases and nematodes that damage crops and other plants, but in recent years the effects of pesticides on the human body and the global environment have been reduced. Concerned, various biological pesticides (insecticides, insecticides, pest repellents, etc.) have been developed. As an example, biopesticides (insecticides, insecticides, insect repellents, etc.) containing neem oil as an active ingredient have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  Neem oil has insecticidal activity, but neem oil does not immediately kill various pests and nematodes, etc. Pests that have been given neem oil have weak chewing ability and are unable to eat. It is inhibited and cannot be propagated or transformed, and as a result, it is killed. Therefore, it is used as an insecticide, an insecticide, an insecticide and the like.

As mentioned above, when neem oil is used against various harmful insects that damage plants, or harmful microorganisms such as nematodes, it is known that they have insecticidal, insecticidal, repellent and antifeeding effects. However, the effect is still not enough.
JP 2002-363012 A JP 2002-154909 A JP 2002-154910 A

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention utilizes the effects of neem and enhances the effects of neem, suppresses and protects plant damage (disease) caused by pests and nematodes, and activates the plant. It aims at providing the plant protection active agent which can improve a growth promotion effect | action.

  As a result of continuing research and experiments to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has achieved the object, and the present invention is provided here.

That is, of the present invention, one invention (first invention) includes one or more selected from neem oil, neem organs, and neem organ folds, and a divalent and trivalent iron salt. Containing
The divalent and trivalent iron salt has the formula:
Fe ⁺² _m Fe ⁺³ _n Cl _{2m + 3n} (wherein m and n represent positive integers)
It is a compound shown by these.
The plant protective active agent of the present invention can be applied to various crops, trees and all other plants. In this specification, “growth” is used as a broad concept including the meaning of “growth”.

  Neem (also known as neem, Azadirachta indica) belongs to the family Sendanidae, and is a plant distributed from the Indian Deccan Plateau to Myanmar.

  Neem oil is an extract from the organ of neem. Neem organs include leaves, seeds, bark, timber, roots, and the like, and one or a plurality selected from these can be used. Neem oil can be obtained, for example, by pulverizing and compressing the organ, or by immersing it in an alcohol liquid such as methanol. This neem oil is commercially available. In the present invention, commercially available neem oil can be used.

  In the present invention, neem oil can be used as a liquid, for example, and can be mixed with the organ and other substances to be used in a form (shape) such as powder, granule, or pellet. The neem organ (organ before extracting neem oil) can be used in a form (shape) such as powder, granule, or pellet.

The neem organ cocoon is a remaining cocoon extracted from the neem organ (hereinafter referred to as “neem cocoon”). A predetermined amount of neem oil remains in this neem meal. The neem rice cake is commercially available. In the present invention, commercially available neem meal can be used.
In the present invention, the neem can be selected from one or more kinds selected from the organs exemplified above. The neem meal can be used in a form (shape) such as a solid form (for example, a shape of a commercially available neem meal as it is), a powder form, a granular form, or a pellet form.

  The divalent and trivalent iron salt represented by the above formula is an active substance developed in recent years, and this active substance (divalent and trivalent iron salt) is a single compound having intermediate properties between divalent iron and trivalent iron. Or it seems that it is a single compound in which divalent iron and trivalent iron coexist. This divalent and trivalent iron salt can now be industrially produced (see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-63593 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-27171).

  The divalent and trivalent iron salt, for example, transition when ferric chloride is introduced into a strong alkaline aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, etc. to cause valence conversion. Obtained as a form or the like (first method). As a specific manufacturing method according to the first method, for example, the one obtained by the following step is illustrated. That is, it comprises the steps of dissolving ferric chloride in a strong alkaline aqueous solution, neutralizing this solution, and concentrating the neutralized solution.

  The divalent and trivalent iron salt can also be obtained by a solution in which a trivalent iron salt and a divalent metal salt are mixed. Specifically, for example, a ferric salt is added and dissolved in a dilute aqueous solution of a predetermined concentration containing a trivalent iron salt and a divalent metal salt in a predetermined ratio, and the obtained solution is concentrated. Can be manufactured (second method). As the ferric salt, for example, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, and ferric nitrate can be used. As the divalent metal salt, for example, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and zinc nitrate can be used.

  The ratio of m: n in the above formula of the divalent and trivalent iron salt takes a specific numerical value depending on the kind of the substance used for the production of the compound.

The active substance of the divalent and trivalent iron salt has various actions when in contact with water. That is, an ultra trace amount (for example, a concentration of 2 × 10 ⁻¹² mol to 2 × 10 ⁻¹⁸ mol) of the active substance is mixed in normal water to thereby obtain this aqueous solution (hereinafter, this aqueous solution is referred to as “pi water” for convenience). Has been found to have properties such as structural change of water molecules, deionization reaction, and PH stabilization effect.

  In addition to the above properties, piwater has been proved by experiments by the present inventors that it has a pathogen-inhibiting action, a plant activation action, and a plant growth promoting action.

  The plant protective active agent according to the first invention of the present application comprises, as described above, one or more selected from neem oil, neem organ, and neem meal, and the divalent and trivalent iron salt. It contains.

  The blending ratio (blending amount) of the divalent and trivalent iron salt with respect to the neem oil and the like is not particularly limited, but the object of the present invention is sufficiently achieved with a small amount. The above-described blending ratio is the same for each invention described later. In the present invention, a divalent and trivalent iron salt aqueous solution (the two described above) prepared by dissolving the divalent and trivalent iron salt produced by the first and second methods in distilled water, pure water, or the like to have a predetermined concentration. A stock solution of a trivalent iron salt) can be produced and this stock solution can be used (this also applies to each invention described later). A specific example of manufacturing the stock solution will be described later.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the effect of neem is enhanced by the action of the divalent and trivalent iron salt contained in the plant protective active agent, and the damage (disease) of the plant due to pests, nematodes and the like is reduced. Inhibits and protects, activates plants and improves growth promotion.

  Among the present inventions, another invention (second invention) is the plant protection activator of the first invention, wherein the divalent and trivalent iron salt is replaced with the compound represented by the above formula, and the It is a trivalent iron salt. This magnetized divalent and trivalent iron salt is an active substance that has both the characteristics of electromagnetic treatment and the characteristics of chemical treatment at the same time, and is obtained, for example, by chemically treating magnetite. As the magnetic divalent and trivalent iron salt, for example, magnetite is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid, then this solution is neutralized, and the neutralized solution is concentrated and crystallized. It can be composed of a compound obtained by adding it to a solution semi-dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid.

It has been found that the magnetic active substance of divalent and trivalent iron salt has the following effects when it comes into contact with water. That is, by mixing the active substance in ordinary water in an extremely small amount (for example, a concentration of 2 × 10 ⁻¹² mol to 2 × 10 ⁻¹⁸ mol), this aqueous solution can be electromagnetically treated in addition to the above-mentioned characteristics of piwater. The active substance has characteristics similar to those of the active water. In particular, since the active substance is dissolved in water and coexists, it acts on water more effectively than active water applied with a magnetic field from the outside.

  And the plant protection activator by 2nd invention of this application is replaced with the compound shown by the said formula in the plant protection activator of 1st invention as mentioned above. It is characterized by containing. This second invention also exhibits the same effects as the plant protective activator of the first invention.

  Another one of the present inventions (third invention) is the plant protective active agent of the first and second inventions, further comprising an organic fertilizer as a component constituting the plant protective active agent. It is characterized by. There are no particular restrictions on the composition of the organic fertilizer, but, for example, one containing a mixture selected from sugar cane squeezed rice bran, rice bran, and okara, or a mixture of multiple types Can be adopted.

  The sugar cane squeezed cocoon is a squeezed sugar cane squeezed out in the production process such as sucrose and sugar-tightness, and is also called bagasse. This squeezed rice cake (bagasse) contains nutrients (solid organic matter) effective for the growth of plants such as carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus. Bagasse also has the effect of improving plant leaf color. Since the bagasse usually contains about 40% by weight of water, a dry powder of sugarcane pomace obtained by drying this powder (hereinafter referred to as “bagasse powder”) is also commercially available. In the present invention, this bagasse powder can also be used. Usually, bagasse powder is often used.

  The rice bran is a powder produced when brown rice is polished. This rice bran also contains a lot of nutrients that are considered good for plant growth.

  The okara is a by-product that is produced as a by-product when producing tofu, and this okara also contains nutrients effective for the growth of plants. Okara has a high water content (usually a moisture content of about 70 to about 90%), so that dried okara (dried okara) is also commercially available. In the present invention, dried okara can be used, and generally, dried okara is often used.

  In the third invention of the present application, the blending ratio of the organic fertilizer constituting the plant protective active agent and the blending ratio of the sugarcane squeezed rice bran and rice bran and okara in the raw materials constituting the fertilizer are not particularly limited. Absent.

  As described above, the third invention further comprises an organic fertilizer in the plant protection activator of the first and second inventions. According to the third invention, the growth of the plant is further promoted.

  In the present invention (first to third inventions), Bacillus subtilis can be further contained as a component (raw material) constituting the plant protection active agent (fourth invention).

  The Bacillus subtilis is a relatively large aerobic bacillus, has no pathogenicity, and is widely inhabited in nature such as soil and vegetation (eg, hay and dead trees). This Bacillus subtilis is also commercially available in a liquid (form) (Bacillus subtilis solution) form. In the present invention, a commercially available Bacillus subtilis solution can be used.

  In the present invention (first to fourth inventions), bitter juice and / or zeolite can be further contained as a component constituting the plant protective activator (fifth invention).

As the bitter juice, magnesium chloride (synthetic magnesium chloride) and a liquid obtained by concentrating seawater to remove salt (NaCI) (natural bitter juice) are generally known. Natural bitter juice can also be produced by concentrating deep ocean water to remove salt (NaCl). The natural bitter juice is rich in various minerals. Among the natural bitter juice, bitter juice obtained from deep sea water has a higher mineral content than bitter juice obtained from seawater. This mineral has the effect of promoting plant growth. In the present invention, magnesium chloride can be used as the bitter juice, but it is more preferable to employ natural bitter juice, that is, bitter juice obtained from seawater and deep ocean water.
Zeolite contains a lot of minerals. Therefore, the growth of a plant is further accelerated | stimulated by containing a zeolite.

  The plant protective activator of the present invention is used in the form of liquid, solid, powder, granular, pellet or the like as described above. The plant-protecting active agent produced in a liquid state is applied to plants by, for example, foliar application treatment, soil irrigation treatment, or the like. Moreover, the plant protection active agent manufactured in the solid form, the powder form, the granular form, or the pellet form is applied by, for example, spraying or mixing in soil such as a field. However, the method of use is not limited to the method exemplified above.

  According to the present invention, due to the action of the divalent and trivalent iron salt contained in the plant protective active agent, neem's effects such as insecticidal, insecticidal and repellent actions, feeding inhibitory action, etc. inherent to neem are greatly enhanced. It is possible to increase the width, suppress and protect the plant damage (disease) caused by pests, nematodes and the like, and activate the plant to improve the growth promoting action.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 1)
The plant protective active agent according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes any one or more of neem oil, neem organ, and neem moth, and a formula: Fe ⁺² _m Fe ⁺³ _n Cl _{2m + 3n} (where m and n represents a positive integer) and is produced by containing a divalent and trivalent iron salt.

In Embodiment 1, the neem oil is a commercially available one. The neem organ may be pulverized and formed into a powdery or granular form. Moreover, although the said neem rice cake employ | adopts the thing formed in the solid form or the powder form, the granular form, etc., this neem rice cake is marketed. In the first embodiment, a neem bag is a commercially available product. The same applies to the embodiments described below.
Moreover, the bivalent trivalent iron salt employ | adopts the bivalent trivalent iron salt aqueous solution (stock solution of bivalent trivalent iron salt) manufactured by the method mentioned later. Hereinafter, an example of a specific method for producing the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution will be described.

(Production Example 1 of Divalent and Trivalent Iron Salt Stock Solution)
1.0 mg of ferric chloride is put into 100 ml of 0.5N aqueous caustic soda solution, stirred and dissolved, and allowed to stand for 24 hours. The insoluble material generated in the solution is removed, the solution is neutralized with hydrochloric acid, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried and crystallized in a desiccator. To the obtained crystals, 50 ml of an 80% by weight aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol was added and redissolved, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, dried, and this redissolution, concentration and drying were repeated several times to obtain 0.25 mg of crystals ( Divalent and trivalent iron salt) was obtained. An aqueous solution in which the crystals are dissolved in water (distilled water or pure water) and diluted about 100 to about 10,000 times, that is, about 0.01% to about 1% aqueous solution (2 A stock solution A) of trivalent iron salt.

(Production Example 2 of Divalent and Trivalent Iron Salt Stock Solution)
270 mg of ferric chloride was added to and dissolved in 100 ml of an aqueous 10 mM calcium chloride solution. This solution was diluted with water (distilled water or pure water) to prepare a dilute solution having a concentration of ^10-10 mmol. After dissolving 1 g of crystalline ferric chloride in 20 ml of this dilute solution, it was placed in an evaporating dish made of porcelain or the like and gradually evaporated in a hot water bath and concentrated. The obtained solid solution concentrate was dried in a desiccator to obtain crystals (divalent and trivalent iron salt). An aqueous solution in which the crystals are dissolved in water (distilled water or pure water) and diluted about 100 to about 10,000 times, that is, about 0.01% to about 1% aqueous solution (2 Trivalent iron salt stock solution B).

  In the first embodiment, when neem oil is selected and adopted, it is produced by including neem oil and the divalent and trivalent iron salt. Specifically, it is produced by adding a predetermined amount of the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution A or B to neem oil. The blending ratio (blending amount) of the stock solution A or B with respect to neem oil is not particularly limited, but as an exemplary blending ratio, the former 1: the latter about 1/100 to about 1 / 100,000 (by weight). It can be set in a range of about 1 / 100,000). However, it is not limited to the above range.

As described above, the plant protective active agent is produced by adding (mixing) a predetermined amount of the stock solution A or B to neem oil. In this case, for example, the plant protective active agent is usually prepared and produced by the following method, for example. Is done.
That is, the stock solution A or B is diluted with water such as tap water or well water to a desired concentration, for example, about 500 times to about 3000 times, and a predetermined amount of this diluted aqueous solution is added and blended with neem oil to give a plant protective active agent. To manufacture. That is, neem oil is diluted with a dilute aqueous solution of the stock solution A or B at a predetermined magnification to produce a plant protective active agent. In this case, the amount of the diluted aqueous solution added to neem oil (the amount of the stock solution A or B added to neem oil) can be set within the above range.
The plant protective active agent prepared as described above is suitable for use, for example, for foliar application or soil irrigation. The usage-amount of the plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is not specifically limited, It can determine suitably according to the kind of plant, other various situations, etc. In this case, the frequency | count of spraying, irrigation, etc. of a plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is determined appropriately.

  In the first embodiment, when a Neem organ is selected and adopted, it is manufactured including the organ and the divalent and trivalent iron salt. Specifically, the neem organ is pulverized, and a predetermined amount of the stock solution A or B is added to the pulverized neem organ. The blending ratio (blending amount) of the stock solution A or B with respect to the pulverized neem organ is not particularly limited, but as an exemplary blending ratio, the former is about 1/100 to 1 / l in weight ratio. It can be set in the range of about 100,000 (about 1 / 100,000). However, it is not limited to the above range.

When a plant protective active agent is produced using a Neem organ, the stock solution A or B may be added to the crushed Neem organ as it is, but the stock solution A or B may be produced as described above. B is diluted with water such as tap water or well water, for example, about 500 times to about 3000 times, and a predetermined amount of this diluted aqueous solution is added to the pulverized neem organ and mixed. And this can be processed and processed into a powder form, a granular form, or a pellet form, and a plant protection active agent can be manufactured, and this can be applied to a plant.
The plant protection activator formed in the form of powder, granules, pellets or the like as described above is suitable for use by, for example, spraying on soil such as a field or mixing in soil. The usage-amount of the plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is not specifically limited, It can determine suitably according to the kind of plant, other various situations, etc. In addition, when using this plant protection active agent, it can also use together with the said dilution aqueous solution of the said undiluted | stock solution A or B as desired.

  In Embodiment 1, when neem meal is selected and adopted, it is produced including neem meal and the divalent and trivalent iron salt. Specifically, it is manufactured by adding a predetermined amount of the stock solution A or B to neem meal. The blending ratio (blending amount) of the stock solution A or B with respect to neem meal is not particularly limited, but as an exemplary blending ratio, the former 1: the latter about 1/100 to about 1/100, 000 (about 1 / 100,000) can be set. However, it is not limited to the above range.

  In the case of adopting a neem meal, the stock solution A or B may be added to the neem meal as it is, but the stock solution A or B may be added with water such as tap water or well water as described above. Dilute about 500 times to about 3000 times and add a predetermined amount of this diluted aqueous solution to neem meal to obtain the above-mentioned solid (for example, commercially available neem meal as it is) plant protection activator, which is applied to plants can do. Further, a predetermined amount of the diluted aqueous solution is added to and mixed with neem meal, and this is processed into powder, granules, or pellets to produce a plant protective active agent, which can be applied to plants. .

The plant protection activator formed into a solid, powder, granule, or pellet as described above is suitable for use by, for example, spraying on or mixing with soil such as a field. The usage-amount of the plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is not specifically limited, It can determine suitably according to the kind of plant, other conditions, etc. In addition, also when using this plant protection activator, it can also use together with the dilute aqueous solution of the said undiluted | stock solution A or B as desired.
Moreover, when employ | adopting neem meal, after adding predetermined amount of the diluted aqueous solution of the said undiluted | stock solutions A or B to neem meal, the method of fermenting this and using it as a plant protection active agent is also employable. When the dilute aqueous solution is added to neem koji, it is fermented in about 3 days.

(Embodiment 2)
The plant protective activator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is the same as the plant protective activator of Embodiment 1, except that the divalent trivalent iron salt is replaced with the compound represented by the above formula, and the magnetic divalent trivalent iron is used. It is characterized by employing salt.

  As described above, the magnetic divalent and trivalent iron salt is an active substance that has both the characteristics by the electromagnetic treatment and the characteristics by the chemical treatment at the same time. Examples of this substance include those obtained by chemically treating magnetite. As a specific method for producing this substance, those obtained by the following steps are exemplified. That is, a step of dissolving magnetite in concentrated hydrochloric acid, a step of neutralizing this solution with a strong alkali such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and the like. And the step of adding the crystals to a solution of magnetite semi-dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid.

  In Embodiment 2, the magnetic divalent trivalent iron salt employs a magnetic divalent trivalent iron salt aqueous solution (divalent trivalent iron salt stock solution) produced by the method described below. . Hereinafter, an example of a specific method for producing the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution will be described.

(Production Example 3 of Divalent and Trivalent Iron Salt Stock Solution)
0.1 g of magnetite is put into 10 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid, dissolved by stirring and allowed to stand for 24 hours. 25 ml of 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added to this solution and left to stand for 24 hours for neutralization. The solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to precipitate crystals, which are dried in an air dryer. The crystals are washed in 10 ml of ethyl alcohol. This washing operation is repeated several times to purify the crystals to obtain the active substance (crystals). The yield at this time was 0.88 g. Next, 5 g of magnetite is put into 10 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stirred to dissolve half, and then 0.1 g of the active substance crystal obtained in the above step is added and stirred well and allowed to stand for 24 hours. This supernatant was separated from insoluble magnetite by decantation to obtain an active substance solution (magnetic divalent and trivalent iron salt). An aqueous solution obtained by dissolving this active substance solution with distilled water or pure water to dilute about 100 times to about 10,000 times, that is, about 0.01% to about 1% of the magnetic divalent and trivalent iron salt. Let it be an aqueous solution (stock solution C of divalent and trivalent iron salt).

  Since the plant protection activator of Embodiment 2 is the same as the plant protection activator of Embodiment 1 except that the stock solution C is employed as the divalent and trivalent iron salt, description thereof is omitted.

(Embodiment 3)
The plant protective active agent according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is produced by further containing an organic fertilizer as a component in the plant protective active agent of Embodiment 1 or 2. In Embodiment 3, as an organic fertilizer, what has a sugarcane squeezed rice cake (bagasse powder), rice bran, and dried okara as a main component is adopted.
Also in the third embodiment, a divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution (the aforementioned stock solution A, B or C) is employed as the divalent and trivalent iron salt, as in the first embodiment.

That is, specifically, any one or more of neem oil, neem organ, and neem meal, the stock solution A or B or C, bagasse powder, rice bran, and dried okara are blended. Manufactured.
The mixing ratio of neem oil, neem organs, neem meal and organic fertilizer (total amount from bagasse powder, rice bran, and dried okara in the third embodiment) is not particularly limited and can be arbitrarily set. .

  The mixing ratio of bagasse powder, rice bran, and dried okara in the components (materials) constituting the organic fertilizer is not particularly limited, but as an exemplary mixing ratio, the total amount of the composition (organic fertilizer) The bagasse powder is about 25 to about 45% by weight, the rice bran is about 40 to about 55% by weight, and the dried okara is about 10 to about 30% by weight. More preferably, the bagasse powder is about 30 to about 40% by weight. It can be set in the range of about 40 to about 50% by weight, and about 15 to about 25% by weight from dry.

  In Embodiment 3, when neem oil is selected and adopted, the blending ratio of neem oil and the organic fertilizer (total amount from bagasse powder, rice bran, and dried okara, hereinafter the same) is particularly limited as described above. Although it is not a thing, neem oil can be set to the range of about 1/50 to about 1/500 weight% with respect to the whole quantity of a composition (plant protection active agent) as an example compounding ratio. Further, the blending ratio of the stock solution (stock solution A, B or C) is the same as that of the first and second embodiments in the weight ratio to neem oil 1: neem oil 1: about 1/100 to about 1/100 of the stock solution. , 000 can be set. However, it is not limited to the above range.

When neem oil is used, the stock solution (stock solution A, B, or C) is diluted with water such as tap water or well water, for example, about 500 times to about 3000 times, as in the first or second embodiment. A predetermined amount of aqueous solution is added to neem oil to prepare an aqueous solution, and this aqueous solution is added to the organic fertilizer in an appropriate amount and mixed, and this is processed into powder, granules, pellets, etc. for plant protection activity An agent can be produced and applied to plants.
According to the above, the produced plant protective active agent is suitable for use by, for example, spraying or mixing soil such as fields. The usage-amount of the said plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is not specifically limited, It can determine suitably according to the kind of plant, other various situations, etc. For example, when applied to crops, for example, a range of about 0.1 kg to about 0.3 kg per 1 square meter (1 m ² ) can be mentioned. However, it is not limited to the above range. In addition, when using this plant protection active agent, it can also use together with the said dilution aqueous solution of the said undiluted | stock solution A or B or C as desired.

  In the third embodiment, when the neem organ is employed, the blending ratio of the neem organ and the organic fertilizer is not particularly limited as described above. However, as an exemplary blending ratio, the former is about weight ratio. 0.5 to about 1.5: The latter can be set in a range of about 0.5 to about 1.5. The blending ratio of the stock solution (stock solution A, B or C) is the same as in Embodiments 1 and 2, with respect to the neem organ, neem organ 1: about 1/100 to about 1/100 of the stock solution. A range of about 000 can be set. However, it is not limited to the above range.

When adopting a neem organ, in the same manner as described above, a predetermined amount of a dilute aqueous solution of the stock solution (stock solution A, B or C) is added to and mixed with the neem organ, and this is added to the organic fertilizer in the above-described proportion These are mixed and processed into a powder, granule, or pellet to produce a plant protective active agent, which is applied to a plant.
The plant protective activator produced as described above is suitable for use by, for example, spraying or mixing in soil such as a field. The usage-amount of the said plant protection active agent with respect to a plant is not specifically limited, It can determine suitably according to the kind of plant, other situations, etc. For example, when applied to crops, for example, a range of about 0.1 kg to about 0.3 kg per 1 square meter (1 m ² ) can be mentioned. However, it is not limited to the above range. In addition, also when using this plant protection activator, it can also use together with the said dilution aqueous solution of the said stock solutions A, B, or C.

  In Embodiment 3, when neem meal is employed, the blending ratio of neem meal and the organic fertilizer is not particularly limited as described above, but as an exemplary blending ratio, the former is about 0. 5 to about 1.5: The latter can be set to a range of about 0.5 to about 1.5. Further, the blending ratio of the stock solution (stock solution A, B or C) is the same as in Embodiments 1 and 2, with respect to the neem cake, neem meal 1: in the weight ratio of about 1/100 to about 1/100 of the stock solution. A range of about 000 can be set. However, it is not limited to the above range.

  In the case of adopting a neem meal, it is prepared by the same method as the above-mentioned neem organ and processed into a powder, granule, or pellet to produce a plant protective active agent, which is applied to a plant. This plant protective activator is also suitable for use, for example, by spraying or mixing in soil such as fields. The amount of the plant-protecting activator used for the plant is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined according to the type of plant and other situations, but for example, the same range as in the case of the neem organ should be mentioned. Can do. However, it is not limited to the above range. In addition, also when using this plant protection activator, it can also use together with the said dilution aqueous solution of the said stock solutions A, B, or C.

(Embodiment 4)
The plant protection active agent of Embodiment 4 is produced by further containing Bacillus subtilis as a component in the plant protection activity agent of Embodiment 3. Specifically, it is prepared by adding Bacillus subtilis to the composition constituting the plant protective active agent of Embodiment 3.
As the Bacillus subtilis, a commercially available one (Bacillus subtilis solution) can be used. The amount of Bacillus subtilis added can be determined appropriately.

(Embodiment 5)
Embodiment 5 is produced by further containing bitter juice as a component in the plant protective active agent of Embodiment 3 or 4. Specifically, it is prepared by adding bitter juice to the composition constituting the plant protective active agent. Natural bitter juice is used as bitter juice. The amount of bitter juice added can be determined appropriately.

(Embodiment 6)
Embodiment 6 is produced by further containing zeolite as a component in the plant protection activator of any of Embodiments 3 to 5. Specifically, it is prepared by adding zeolite to the composition constituting the plant protection activator. As the zeolite, a commercially available powdered product can be used. The amount of zeolite added can be determined appropriately.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The following examples are disclosed as examples, and the present invention is of course not limited thereto.

The Example shown below employ | adopted the commercially available thing as neem oil and neem meal. A commercially available bagasse powder, a commercially available rice bran as a rice bran, and a commercially available dried okara (dried okara) as an okara were employed as sugarcane squeezed rice cakes.
Further, in the examples shown below, as the stock solution A, an aqueous solution of about 1000 times dilution produced in Production Example 1 of the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution of Embodiment 1, that is, the two solutions of Production Example 1 were used. An approximately 0.1% aqueous solution of trivalent iron salt was employed.
Further, as the stock solution B, an about 1000-fold diluted aqueous solution produced in Production Example 2 of the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution of Embodiment 1, that is, the divalent and trivalent iron salt of Production Example 2 was about 0. A 1% aqueous solution was employed.
Furthermore, as the stock solution C, an about 1000-fold diluted aqueous solution produced according to Production Example 3 of the divalent and trivalent iron salt stock solution of Embodiment 2, that is, about the divalent and trivalent iron salt of Production Example 3 A 0.1% aqueous solution was employed.

  The stock solution A (about 0.1% aqueous solution of the divalent and trivalent iron salt) is diluted 1000 times with water (tap water) to prepare a diluted aqueous solution. Then, the diluted aqueous solution is added (mixed) at a volume ratio of 400 times to neem oil, that is, the diluted aqueous solution is mixed at a ratio of 400 to neem oil 1 at a volume ratio. Got.

  To the neem meal, the diluted aqueous solution of Example 1 (an aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution A 1000 times with water) was added (sprayed by spraying or the like) 10% of the volume of the neem meal, and this was fermented (about 3 Days) to obtain a plant protective active agent.

(Test example)
Next, the test example implemented about the plant protection active agent of Example 1 and 2 is shown below.

  In this study, potted tomatoes were inoculated with nematodes (the root-knot nematodes purchased from Jinbank), and the degree of infection of root-knot nematodes (hereinafter simply referred to as “nematodes”) (occurrence or suppression of diseases caused by nematodes) and plant growth The measurement was mainly performed under the following conditions. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.

<Test preparation, etc.>
Bowl: A truncated cone-shaped plastic bowl having a height of 18 cm, a lower end diameter of 13.5 cm, and an upper end diameter of 15 cm is used.
Composition of specimen: Each section was composed of a group of 5 bowls, and 6 sections (groups) of 6 sections (groups) of A section to F section (6 sections × 5 samples = 30 bowls) were prepared.
Soil: 90% of the volume of the pot volume is put in each pot. In this case, each pot in the F zone was mixed with soil prepared by blending the plant protective activator produced in Example 2 with a volume ratio of 10% with respect to the soil. Moreover, in each pot of E area, it replaces with the said diluted aqueous solution (diluted aqueous solution which diluted stock solution A 1000 times with water) in the plant protection active agent of Example 2, except using water (tap water). A blended soil prepared by blending the composition (plant protective activator) prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 at a volume ratio of 10% with respect to the soil was added.
Planting seedlings: Planting tomato seedlings 30 days after seeding of tomatoes in each pot. One week before the planting, 100 ml of water (tap water) is sprayed on each pot to moisten the soil in each pot.
Nematode inoculation: One week after planting, about 200 nematodes were inoculated into each pot of each section (A to F).

<Test method>
The test is carried out on the specimens in each compartment (A to F) by the following method. The test period is 2 months after the planting of tomato seedlings. That is, the test was completed and measured two months after planting.
Section A: Each pot in Section A was inoculated with nematode, and one week later, 100 ml of water (tap water) was irrigated, and thereafter, 50 ml of tap water was irrigated once every seven days.
B section: 1 week after inoculating nematode in each pot of B section, 100 ml of the diluted aqueous solution of Example 1 (diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting stock solution A 1000 times with water) was irrigated, and then 1 day on 7th The diluted aqueous solution was irrigated at a rate of 50 ml.
C-zone: Each pot of C-zone was inoculated with nematode, and one week later, 100 ml of neil oil solution diluted with water (tap water) 400 times diluted with neem oil of Example 1 was irrigated, and then 7 days later The diluted neem aqueous solution was irrigated to 50 ml at a rate of once.
D section: Each pot of D section is inoculated with nematode, and one week later, 100 ml of the plant protective active agent produced in Example 1 is irrigated, and then 50 ml of the plant protective active agent once every 7 days. Destination irrigated.
E-zone: Each pot in E-zone was inoculated with nematode, and one week later, 100 ml of water (tap water) was irrigated, and thereafter, 50 ml of tap water was irrigated once every 7 days.
F compartment: One week after inoculating nematode in each pot of F compartment, 100 ml of the diluted aqueous solution of Example 1 (diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution A 1000 times with water) was irrigated, and then 1 day every 7 days. The diluted aqueous solution was irrigated at a rate of 50 ml.

Table 1 below shows the results of measuring the nematode infection degree and the plant growth degree for each specimen (plant) in each compartment (A to F) tested by the above method.
The degree of plant growth was determined by measuring (unit: mm) based on the plant height (length from the root of the main stem to the top of the stem). In Table 1, the numerical value of the plant height item (column) indicates the average value (unit: mm) of the group of each ward, and the numerical value at the first decimal place is rounded off. Moreover, the numerical value shown in the column of infection degree in Table 1 shows the measured value (average numerical value of the group of each ward) which ranked the infection degree of nematode on the basis of the following fact. Furthermore, the numerical value in parentheses in the column of infectiousness in Table 1 indicates the number of root bumps (average numerical value for each group of groups: the numerical value at the first decimal place is rounded off).
0: No infection 1: Number of root humps 5 or less 2: Number of root humps 5-20
3: Number of root bumps 20-50
4: Number of root humps 50 or more 5: Growth hindrance due to root humps
6: Great damage to roots (withered)

According to the above test results, the specimens (plants) in the A and B wards showed root growth disorder markedly due to nematode infection, and some of them were wilted and withered withered leaves. found. Although there was almost no difference between the two in the above situation (situation), it seemed that the B area suppressed damage caused by nematodes only slightly compared to the A area.
On the other hand, as is clear from 1 above, the number of root-knot infected roots (roots) in each of the specimens (plants) in the C ward to F ward is extremely small compared to the plants in the A ward and B ward, and rooting is It was vigorous and was so good that it could not be compared in plant growth.
However, among the specimens (plants) in the C ward to the F ward, each specimen in the D ward (plant using the plant protective active agent of Example 1) is more in comparison with each specimen in the C ward than in the F ward. Each plant (plant using the plant protective activator of Example 2) greatly enhanced nematode control or nematode control effect (neem effect) compared to each specimen of E ward, and nematode plant damage (disease) ) Was suppressed and protected, and the plant was activated to significantly improve the growth promoting effect. This result was an unexpected fact.

  In place of the stock solution A of Example 1, Example 1 except that a diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution B (the divalent trivalent iron salt approximately 0.1% aqueous solution) 1000 times with water (tap water) is used. The plant protective active agent was obtained by preparing in exactly the same manner.

  In place of the stock solution A of Example 1, Example 1 except that a diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution C (the divalent trivalent iron salt about 0.1% aqueous solution) 1000 times with water (tap water) is used. The plant protective active agent was obtained by preparing in exactly the same manner.

  When the plant protection activators of Examples 3 and 4 were used in plants by the same method as described above, it was found that the same effects as in Example 1 were obtained.

  A plant protective activator was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the stock solution B was used instead of the stock solution A of Example 2.

  A plant protective activator was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the stock solution C was used instead of the stock solution A of Example 2.

  When the plant protective activators of Examples 5 and 6 were used in plants in the same manner as described above, it was found that the same effects as in Example 2 were obtained.

  Put 2 kg of bagasse powder, 3 kg of rice bran, and 1 kg of dried okara in an optional container. On the other hand, 990 ml of a diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution A with water (tap water) 1000 times is added to an arbitrary container or the like, and 10 ml of neem oil is added thereto to prepare a 1000 ml aqueous solution. This aqueous solution is added to the above three types of ingredients and mixed with stirring. This mixed raw material (composition) is formed into pellets with a diameter of about 3 mm and a length of about 5 mm using a pellet molding machine, etc. to protect plants. An activator was obtained.

  It processed and processed by the method completely the same as Example 7 except having employ | adopted the said stock solution B instead of the said stock solution A of Example 7, and obtained the pellet-shaped plant protection activator.

  It processed and processed by the method completely the same as Example 7 except having employ | adopted the said stock solution C instead of the said stock solution A of Example 7, and obtained the pellet-shaped plant protection activator.

  When the plant protective activators of Examples 7-9 were applied to plants in the same manner as the plant protective activators of Example 2 described above, they were compared to the plant protective activators of Examples 2, 5 and 6. It was found to further promote plant growth.

  Add 6kg of neem rice cake, 2kg of bagasse powder, 3kg of rice bran, and 1kg of dried okara in an optional container. Meanwhile, 2000 ml of a diluted aqueous solution obtained by diluting the stock solution A 1000 times with water (tap water) is prepared. The diluted aqueous solution is added to the four kinds of materials and mixed with stirring. The mixed raw material (composition) is applied to a pellet molding machine or the like to produce a plant protective active agent formed into pellets having the same size as in Example 7. Obtained.

  It processed and processed by the method similar to Example 10 except having employ | adopted the said stock solution B instead of the said stock solution A of Example 10, and obtained the pellet-shaped plant protection activator.

  It processed and processed by the method similar to Example 10 except having employ | adopted the said stock solution C instead of the said stock solution A of Example 10, and obtained the pellet-shaped plant protection active agent.

  When the plant protective active agent of Examples 10-12 was applied to the plant in the same manner as the plant protective active agent of Example 2 described above, the same effects as the plant protective active agent of Examples 7-9 were exhibited. It has been found.

Claims (7)

One or more species selected from neem oil, neem organ, and neem organ salmon, and divalent and trivalent iron salt,
The divalent and trivalent iron salt has the formula:
Fe ⁺² _m Fe ⁺³ _n Cl _{2m + 3n} (wherein m and n represent positive integers)
A compound represented by the formula:
Plant protective activator.   The plant protection activator according to claim 1, wherein the divalent and trivalent iron salt is a divalent and trivalent iron salt having magnetism instead of the compound represented by the above formula. Activator.   The divalent and trivalent iron salt having magnetism is obtained by dissolving magnetite in concentrated hydrochloric acid, neutralizing the solution, concentrating the neutralized solution to crystallize, and transforming the magnetite into concentrated hydrochloric acid. The plant protection activator according to claim 2, which is a compound obtained by adding it to a solution semi-dissolved in   The plant protective activator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the divalent and trivalent iron salt is contained by being dissolved in water.   The plant protection active agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant protection active agent further contains an organic fertilizer as a component.   The plant protection active agent according to claim 5, wherein the fertilizer comprises one or more kinds selected from sugar cane squeezed rice bran, rice bran, and okara as main components.   The plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plant-protecting activator further contains one or more species selected from Bacillus subtilis, bitter juice, and zeolite as components. Protective activator.