JP2008054424A - Power-receiving device, power-transmitting device and vehicle - Google Patents

Power-receiving device, power-transmitting device and vehicle Download PDF

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JP2008054424A
JP2008054424A JP2006228093A JP2006228093A JP2008054424A JP 2008054424 A JP2008054424 A JP 2008054424A JP 2006228093 A JP2006228093 A JP 2006228093A JP 2006228093 A JP2006228093 A JP 2006228093A JP 2008054424 A JP2008054424 A JP 2008054424A
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power
wave shielding
radio wave
antenna
power receiving
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JP4865451B2 (en
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Tomohisa Kimura
友久 木村
Kenichi Yasuma
健一 安間
Yoshiharu Fuse
嘉春 布施
Hiroaki Yoshida
裕明 吉田
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the power reception efficiency of microwaves, and to reduce the impact of microwaves on the circumference. <P>SOLUTION: The power-receiving device 4 comprises a power-receiving antenna 12 fixed to the chassis 30 of a vehicle and arranged opposite to a transmitting antenna 7 which sends out microwaves during the operation period for receiving the microwaves, and a radiowave shielding member 20 fixed to the chassis 30 where the radiowave shielding member 20 is brought into a state surrounding the space 50 in between the transmitting antenna 7 and the power-receiving antenna 12 during the operation period, and is housed on the chassis 30 side during the non-operation period. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、マイクロ波を用いて車両のバッテリを充電する技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a technique for charging a vehicle battery using a microwave.

従来、電気自動車等の移動体の停車中に、マイクロ波を車両に向けて送出し、このマイクロ波をエネルギーに変換することにより車両のバッテリを充電する技術が知られている（非特許文献１参照。）。
上記非特許文献１には、駐車場やエネルギーステーション等に設けられたエネルギー供給設備から送信されたマイクロ波を車両に搭載されたレクテナにて受信し、このマイクロ波を電気エネルギーに変換して車載のバッテリを充電する技術が開示されている。
篠原 真毅、外１名、「マイクロ波を用いた電気自動車無線充電に関する研究」、電子情報通信学会論文誌 Ｃ Ｖｏｌ．Ｊ８７−Ｃ Ｎｏ．５ ｐ．４３３−４４３、２００４年５月 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique for charging a vehicle battery by sending a microwave toward a vehicle and converting the microwave into energy while a moving body such as an electric vehicle is stopped is known (Non-Patent Document 1). reference.).
In Non-Patent Document 1, a microwave transmitted from an energy supply facility provided in a parking lot, an energy station, or the like is received by a rectenna mounted on a vehicle, and the microwave is converted into electric energy to be mounted on a vehicle. A technique for charging a battery is disclosed.
Shingo Shinohara, 1 other, “Research on Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles Using Microwaves”, IEICE Transactions C Vol. J87-C No. 5 p. 433-443, May 2004

しかしながら、上述したような従来のエネルギー供給技術では、送電側から受電側へ送られるマイクロ波が周囲へ漏れてしまうことから、マイクロ波の受電効率が低下するとともに、周囲に存在する人や機器等に影響が及ぶという問題があった。   However, in the conventional energy supply technology as described above, microwaves that are transmitted from the power transmission side to the power reception side leak to the surroundings, so that the power reception efficiency of the microwaves is reduced, and people and devices that exist in the surroundings There was a problem that affected.

本発明は、上記問題を解決するためになされたもので、マイクロ波の受電効率を高めるとともに、周囲に対するマイクロ波の影響を低減することのできる受電装置及び送電装置並びに車両を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power receiving device, a power transmitting device, and a vehicle that can improve the power receiving efficiency of the microwave and reduce the influence of the microwave on the surroundings. And

上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の手段を採用する。
本発明は、本体と、前記本体に取り付けられるとともに、マイクロ波を受信する作動期間において、該マイクロ波を送出する送電アンテナに対向して配置される受電アンテナと、前記本体に取り付けられた電波遮蔽手段とを備え、前記電波遮蔽手段は、前記作動期間において、前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲む状態とされ、非作動期間において、前記本体側に収納される受電装置を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The present invention includes a main body, a power receiving antenna that is attached to the main body and that is disposed to face the power transmitting antenna that transmits the microwave during an operation period of receiving the microwave, and a radio wave shield that is attached to the main body. And the radio wave shielding means is in a state of surrounding a space between the power transmission antenna and the power receiving antenna during the operation period, and is provided in the main body side during the non-operation period. To do.

このような構成によれば、マイクロ波の受信が行われる作動期間において、送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲むように電波遮蔽手段が配置されるので、周囲へ漏れ出すマイクロ波を低減させることができる。これにより、受電アンテナにおける受電効率を高めることができる。
また、マイクロ波の受信が行われない非作動期間においては、電波遮蔽手段が本体に収納されるので、例えば、当該装置を車両等に搭載された際には、電波遮蔽手段による走行を妨げることもない。
上記電波遮蔽手段としては、周囲へのマイクロ波の漏れを低減させることができるものであればよく、例えば、導体または吸収材等が一例として挙げられる。 According to such a configuration, since the radio wave shielding means is arranged so as to surround the space between the power transmission antenna and the power reception antenna during the operation period in which microwave reception is performed, the microwave leaking to the surroundings is reduced. Can be made. Thereby, the power receiving efficiency in a power receiving antenna can be improved.
In addition, during a non-operation period when microwave reception is not performed, the radio wave shielding means is housed in the main body. For example, when the device is mounted on a vehicle or the like, traveling by the radio wave shielding means is hindered. Nor.
The radio wave shielding means may be any means as long as it can reduce leakage of microwaves to the surroundings, and examples thereof include a conductor or an absorbent material.

上記受電装置において、前記電波遮蔽手段が多数本の線状または棒状の導電体を束ねてなるブラシ状の導電部材とされてもよい。   In the above power receiving apparatus, the radio wave shielding means may be a brush-like conductive member formed by bundling a large number of linear or rod-like conductors.

電波遮蔽手段を多数本の線状または棒状の導電体を束ねてなるブラシ状の導電部材としたので、電波遮蔽効果に加えて、導電部材の先端部分に柔軟性を持たせることが可能となる。これにより、送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の距離が変動する場合でも、長めに形成された導電部材を送電アンテナ側へ押し付ける等することにより、送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の空間を確実に取り囲むことができる。この結果、常に、一定の電波遮蔽効果を確保することができる。また、電波遮蔽手段として板状の導電体を採用する場合に比べて、軽量化を図ることができる。   Since the radio wave shielding means is a brush-like conductive member formed by bundling a large number of linear or rod-like conductors, in addition to the radio wave shielding effect, it is possible to give flexibility to the tip portion of the conductive member. . As a result, even when the distance between the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna fluctuates, the space between the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna can be reliably ensured by pressing a long conductive member against the power transmitting antenna. Can be surrounded. As a result, it is possible to always ensure a certain radio wave shielding effect. Further, the weight can be reduced as compared with the case where a plate-like conductor is employed as the radio wave shielding means.

上記受電装置において、前記電波遮蔽手段が、線状または棒状の導電体を格子状に配列してなる導電部材とされてもよい。   In the above power receiving apparatus, the radio wave shielding means may be a conductive member formed by arranging linear or rod-shaped conductors in a grid pattern.

電波遮蔽手段を線状または棒状の導電体を格子状に配置してなる導電部材としたので、マイクロ波を効果的に遮断することが可能となる。また、電波遮蔽手段として板状の導電体を採用する場合に比べて、軽量化を図ることができる。   Since the radio wave shielding means is a conductive member in which linear or rod-like conductors are arranged in a lattice shape, it is possible to effectively block microwaves. Further, the weight can be reduced as compared with the case where a plate-like conductor is employed as the radio wave shielding means.

上記受電装置において、前記電波遮蔽手段が板状の導電体とされてもよい。   In the above power receiving device, the radio wave shielding means may be a plate-like conductor.

電波遮蔽手段を板状の導電体としたので、マイクロ波の漏洩を効果的に防止することができる。   Since the radio wave shielding means is a plate-like conductor, microwave leakage can be effectively prevented.

本発明は、対向して配置される受電アンテナに対してマイクロ波を送信する送電アンテナと、前記マイクロ波を送信する作動期間において、前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲むように配置される電波遮蔽手段とを備え、前記電波遮蔽手段が、非作動期間において収納されている送電装置を提供する。   The present invention surrounds a space between the power transmission antenna and the power reception antenna in a power transmission antenna that transmits a microwave to a power reception antenna disposed opposite to the power transmission antenna and in an operation period in which the microwave is transmitted. There is provided a power transmission device including a radio wave shielding means arranged, wherein the radio wave shielding means is accommodated during a non-operation period.

このような構成によれば、マイクロ波の受信が行われる作動期間において、送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲むように電波遮蔽手段が配置されるので、周囲へ漏れ出すマイクロ波を低減させることができる。これにより、受電アンテナにおける受電効率を高めることができる。
また、マイクロ波の送信が行われない非作動期間においては、電波遮蔽手段が収納されるので、例えば、送電装置が地面に配置された場合には、この近傍を通過する人や車両等の走行を妨げることもない。 According to such a configuration, since the radio wave shielding means is arranged so as to surround the space between the power transmission antenna and the power reception antenna during the operation period in which microwave reception is performed, the microwave leaking to the surroundings is reduced. Can be made. Thereby, the power receiving efficiency in a power receiving antenna can be improved.
Further, since the radio wave shielding means is accommodated during the non-operation period in which the transmission of microwaves is not performed, for example, when the power transmission device is disposed on the ground, the traveling of a person or a vehicle passing through this vicinity There is no hindrance.

上述した受電装置は、例えば、車両に搭載されることが好ましい。これにより、受電装置において受電されたマイクロ波を電力に変換し、車両に搭載されているバッテリ等を充電することが可能となる。この場合において、上記受電装置によれば、送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲む電波遮蔽手段を備えているので、受電効率を高めることができる。これにより、効率よくバッテリを充電することができる。   The power receiving device described above is preferably mounted on a vehicle, for example. As a result, the microwave received by the power receiving apparatus can be converted into electric power, and a battery or the like mounted on the vehicle can be charged. In this case, according to the power receiving device, the power receiving efficiency can be increased because the radio wave shielding means surrounding the space between the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna is provided. Thereby, a battery can be charged efficiently.

本発明によれば、マイクロ波の受電効率を高めるとともに、周囲に対するマイクロ波の影響を低減することができるという効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the power receiving efficiency of the microwave and reduce the influence of the microwave on the surroundings.

以下に、本発明の受電装置及び送電装置を適用したエネルギー供給システムの一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係るエネルギー供給システムの概略構成を示したブロック図である。図１に示すように、エネルギー供給システム１は、外部に対してマイクロ波を送出する送電装置２と、車両３に搭載され、送電装置２からのマイクロ波を受信して電力に変換する受電装置４とを備えている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of an energy supply system to which a power reception device and a power transmission device of the present invention are applied will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an energy supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, an energy supply system 1 includes a power transmission device 2 that transmits a microwave to the outside, and a power reception device that is mounted on a vehicle 3 and that receives the microwave from the power transmission device 2 and converts it into electric power. 4 is provided.

送電装置２は、車両３が停車または駐車される空間に取り付けられている。本実施形態において、送電装置２は、車両３が駐車される駐車スペースの地面に埋設されている。送電装置２は、複数のマグネトロン６と、各マグネトロン６に対応して設けられた電源１６と、電源１６とマグネトロン６との電気的接続をオン／オフするスイッチ１５と、各マグネトロン６に対応して設けられ、該マグネトロン６から発せられたマイクロ波を外部に対して送信する複数の送電アンテナ７とを備えている。更に、送電装置２は、車両に搭載された車両側通信装置１８と相互間通信を可能とする供給側通信装置１９および送電装置２の各部を制御する制御装置１０を備えている。   The power transmission device 2 is attached to a space where the vehicle 3 is stopped or parked. In the present embodiment, the power transmission device 2 is embedded in the ground of a parking space where the vehicle 3 is parked. The power transmission device 2 corresponds to each magnetron 6, a plurality of magnetrons 6, a power source 16 provided corresponding to each magnetron 6, a switch 15 that turns on / off the electrical connection between the power source 16 and the magnetron 6, and each magnetron 6. And a plurality of power transmission antennas 7 for transmitting microwaves emitted from the magnetron 6 to the outside. Furthermore, the power transmission device 2 includes a supply-side communication device 19 that enables mutual communication with the vehicle-side communication device 18 mounted on the vehicle, and a control device 10 that controls each part of the power transmission device 2.

上記構成において、送電アンテナ７には、例えば、スロットアンテナ、導波管スロットアンテナ等を採用することができる。供給側通信装置１９には、無線により双方向の情報伝達を可能とする公知の通信装置を採用することができる。制御装置１０は、例えば、電子制御ユニット等により構成されている。また、スイッチ１５は、通常状態において、オフ状態とされている。   In the above configuration, for example, a slot antenna, a waveguide slot antenna, or the like can be adopted as the power transmission antenna 7. As the supply-side communication device 19, a known communication device that enables two-way information transmission wirelessly can be employed. The control device 10 is constituted by, for example, an electronic control unit. Further, the switch 15 is turned off in the normal state.

車両３に搭載された受電装置４は、レクテナ１１を備えている。レクテナ１１は、送電装置２から受信したマイクロ波を電気エネルギーに変換し、車載のバッテリ１４に供給する機能を備えるものであり、例えば、送電装置２から送信されたマイクロ波を受信する複数の受電アンテナ１２と、受電アンテナ１２からの電力を整流してバッテリ１４へ供給する整流回路１３とを備えている。   The power receiving device 4 mounted on the vehicle 3 includes a rectenna 11. The rectenna 11 has a function of converting the microwave received from the power transmission device 2 into electric energy and supplying the electric energy to the vehicle-mounted battery 14. For example, the rectenna 11 receives a plurality of power receptions that receive the microwaves transmitted from the power transmission device 2. The antenna 12 includes a rectifier circuit 13 that rectifies power from the power receiving antenna 12 and supplies the rectified power to the battery 14.

受電アンテナ１２には、例えば、円形パッチアンテナなどを採用することができる。受電アンテナ１２は、例えば、車両３の底面、具体的には、図２に示すように、シャーシ（本体）に取り付けられている。また、上述したように、車両３には、送電装置２が備える供給側通信装置１９との双方向通信を可能とする車両側通信装置１８が備えられている。   For example, a circular patch antenna can be adopted as the power receiving antenna 12. The power receiving antenna 12 is attached to the chassis (main body), for example, as shown in FIG. Further, as described above, the vehicle 3 includes the vehicle-side communication device 18 that enables bidirectional communication with the supply-side communication device 19 included in the power transmission device 2.

図２に示すように、車両３のシャーシ３０には、上述したように、受電アンテナ１２が配置されているとともに、この受電アンテナ１２が取り付けられている領域３１の外周を取り囲むように電波遮蔽部材（電波遮蔽手段）２０が取り付けられている。この電波遮蔽部材２０は、シャーシ３０に対して起伏可能に取り付けられており、図３に示すように、送電装置２からマイクロ波を受電する作動期間においては、受電アンテナ１２のアンテナ面に略直交するような状態とされることにより、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間を取り囲み（例えば、図３のＡの状態）、非作動期間においては、受電アンテナ１２のアンテナ面に略平行な状態とされることにより、シャーシ３０側に収納されるようになっている（例えば、図３のＢの状態）。   As shown in FIG. 2, the power receiving antenna 12 is disposed in the chassis 30 of the vehicle 3 as described above, and the radio wave shielding member surrounds the outer periphery of the region 31 to which the power receiving antenna 12 is attached. (Radio wave shielding means) 20 is attached. The radio wave shielding member 20 is attached to the chassis 30 so that it can be raised and lowered. As shown in FIG. 3, the radio wave shielding member 20 is substantially orthogonal to the antenna surface of the power receiving antenna 12 during an operation period in which microwaves are received from the power transmitting device 2. In such a state, the space between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 is surrounded (for example, the state of A in FIG. 3), and is substantially parallel to the antenna surface of the power receiving antenna 12 during the non-operation period. In this state, it is housed on the chassis 30 side (for example, the state shown in FIG. 3B).

上記電波遮蔽部材２０は、周囲へのマイクロ波の漏れを低減させることができる材質で構成されている。例えば、金属（鉄、アルミ等）、カーボン等の導電体、または、吸収材等を採用することが可能である。本実施形態においては、図４に示すように、電波遮蔽部材２０を、多数本の線状または棒状の導電体を束ねてなるブラシ状の導電部材としている。このように、電波遮蔽部材２０をブラシ状の導電部材とすることにより、電波遮蔽効果に加えて、導電部材の先端部分に柔軟性を持たせることが可能となる。
従って、例えば、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の距離が場所に応じて変動する場合でも、導電部材を長めに形成しておくことで、導電部材の先端部を送電アンテナ７側へ押し付けることにより、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０を確実に取り囲むことができる。 The radio wave shielding member 20 is made of a material that can reduce leakage of microwaves to the surroundings. For example, a conductor such as metal (iron, aluminum, etc.), carbon, or an absorbent material can be employed. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the radio wave shielding member 20 is a brush-like conductive member formed by bundling a large number of linear or rod-like conductors. Thus, by using the radio wave shielding member 20 as a brush-like conductive member, in addition to the radio wave shielding effect, it is possible to give flexibility to the tip portion of the conductive member.
Therefore, for example, even when the distance between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 varies depending on the location, the conductive member is formed long so that the tip of the conductive member is pressed against the power transmitting antenna 7 side. Thus, the space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 can be reliably surrounded.

ここで、線状または棒状の導電体は、例えば、約４０ｄＢ以上の遮蔽効果が得られるような間隔で束ねられていることが好ましい。例えば、金網の遮蔽効果は、以下に示す（１）式にて表される。   Here, it is preferable that the linear or rod-like conductors are bundled at intervals such that a shielding effect of, for example, about 40 dB or more is obtained. For example, the shielding effect of the wire mesh is expressed by the following equation (1).

Figure 2008054424
Figure 2008054424

上記（１）式において、ａは導体の線間隔（ｍ）、λは使用波長（ｍ）、ｄは導体の直径である。このように、導体の線間隔が小さく、周波数が低いほど、また、導体が太いほど、遮蔽効果が高いことがわかる。そして、上記（１）を用いて、所望の遮蔽効果が得られるように、電波遮蔽部材２０を構成する導体の直径や、線間隔ａを決定すればよい。
例えば、２．４５ＧＨｚのマイクロ波とした場合、線状または棒状の導電体の間隔は、約１．２ｍｍとすることが好ましい。
本実施形態において、電波遮蔽部材２０は、モータ等の駆動装置によって、その配置状態が遷移されるようになっている。駆動装置は、例えば、車両３の制御装置等により制御されるようになっている。 In the above equation (1), a is the line spacing (m) of the conductor, λ is the wavelength used (m), and d is the diameter of the conductor. Thus, it can be seen that the smaller the line spacing of the conductors, the lower the frequency, and the thicker the conductor, the higher the shielding effect. And the diameter of the conductor which comprises the electromagnetic wave shielding member 20, and the line space | interval a should just be determined using said (1) so that a desired shielding effect may be acquired.
For example, when a microwave of 2.45 GHz is used, the interval between the linear or rod-shaped conductors is preferably about 1.2 mm.
In the present embodiment, the arrangement state of the radio wave shielding member 20 is changed by a driving device such as a motor. The drive device is controlled by, for example, a control device of the vehicle 3 or the like.

次に、上述した本実施形態に係るエネルギー供給システム１の作用について説明する。
まず、車両３が駐車スペースに駐車され、ユーザ（例えば、運転手）によりキーが抜かれると、車両３の制御装置は、電波遮蔽部材２０の駆動装置を作動させることにより、電波遮蔽部材２０を受電アンテナ１２のアンテナ面と平行な状態から垂直な状態へと遷移させる。これにより、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０は電波遮蔽部材２０によって取り囲まれることとなる。このようにして、電波遮蔽部材２０の配置が完了すると、車両３の制御装置は車両側通信装置１８に対してエネルギー供給の準備が整った旨を通知する起動信号を送信する。 Next, the effect | action of the energy supply system 1 which concerns on this embodiment mentioned above is demonstrated.
First, when the vehicle 3 is parked in the parking space and the key is removed by the user (for example, a driver), the control device of the vehicle 3 operates the driving device of the radio wave shielding member 20 to activate the radio wave shielding member 20. A transition is made from a state parallel to the antenna surface of the power receiving antenna 12 to a state perpendicular thereto. Thereby, the space 50 between the power transmission antenna 7 and the power reception antenna 12 is surrounded by the radio wave shielding member 20. In this way, when the arrangement of the radio wave shielding member 20 is completed, the control device of the vehicle 3 transmits an activation signal notifying the vehicle side communication device 18 that preparation for energy supply is complete.

車両側通信装置１８は、この起動信号を受け付けると送電開始信号を供給側通信装置１９へ送信する。これにより、この送電開始信号は、供給側通信装置１９を介して制御装置１０へ入力される。制御装置１０は、この送電開始信号を受け付けると、各スイッチ１５をオン状態とする。これにより、マイクロ波電源１６から電力がマグネトロン６に供給され、マグネトロン６によりマイクロ波が生成される。各マグネトロン６から発生したマイクロ波は、各送電アンテナ７を介して車両３の底面に配置されている受電アンテナ１２へ送られる。   When receiving the activation signal, the vehicle-side communication device 18 transmits a power transmission start signal to the supply-side communication device 19. Thereby, the power transmission start signal is input to the control device 10 via the supply side communication device 19. When receiving the power transmission start signal, the control device 10 turns each switch 15 on. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the microwave power source 16 to the magnetron 6, and the magnetron 6 generates a microwave. Microwaves generated from the magnetrons 6 are sent to the power receiving antennas 12 disposed on the bottom surface of the vehicle 3 via the power transmitting antennas 7.

この場合において、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０は、電波遮蔽部材２０によって取り囲まれているので、マイクロ波は外部へ漏れることなく、受電アンテナ１２へと送られ、受電されることとなる。受電アンテナ１２にて受信されたマイクロ波は、電力に変換されて整流回路１３に出力され、整流回路１３にて整流されて直流電力に変換された後に、バッテリ１４へ供給される。   In this case, since the space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 is surrounded by the radio wave shielding member 20, the microwave is transmitted to the power receiving antenna 12 and received by the power without leaking outside. It will be. Microwaves received by the power receiving antenna 12 are converted into electric power and output to the rectifier circuit 13, rectified by the rectifier circuit 13 and converted into DC power, and then supplied to the battery 14.

このようにしてバッテリ１４への充電が開始され、これによりバッテリ１４が満充電の状態になると、この旨が検知され、車両側通信装置１８から供給側通信装置１９へ送電終了信号が送信される。この送電終了信号は、供給側通信装置１９を介して制御装置１０に送られる。制御装置１０は、この送電終了信号を受け付けると、各スイッチ１５をオフ状態とする。これにより、電源１６からマグネトロン６への電力供給が遮断され、送電装置２からのエネルギー供給が終了する。このようにして、マイクロ波の送信が停止されると、供給側通信装置１９から車両側通信装置１８に対して終了信号が送信される。   In this way, charging of the battery 14 is started, and when the battery 14 is fully charged, this is detected and a power transmission end signal is transmitted from the vehicle side communication device 18 to the supply side communication device 19. . This power transmission end signal is sent to the control device 10 via the supply side communication device 19. Upon receiving this power transmission end signal, control device 10 turns off each switch 15. Thereby, the power supply from the power supply 16 to the magnetron 6 is interrupted, and the energy supply from the power transmission device 2 ends. Thus, when the transmission of the microwave is stopped, an end signal is transmitted from the supply side communication device 19 to the vehicle side communication device 18.

この終了信号は、車両側通信装置１８を介して車両３の制御装置に出力される。車両３の制御装置は、この終了信号を受け付けると、駆動装置を作動させることにより、電波遮蔽部材２０の配置状態を受電アンテナ１２のアンテナ面と平行な状態とする。これにより、電波遮蔽部材２０は、図３のＡの状態からＢの状態へと遷移し、シャーシ側３０に収納されることとなる。   This end signal is output to the control device of the vehicle 3 via the vehicle side communication device 18. When the control device of the vehicle 3 accepts the end signal, it activates the driving device so that the radio wave shielding member 20 is placed parallel to the antenna surface of the power receiving antenna 12. As a result, the radio wave shielding member 20 transitions from the state A in FIG. 3 to the state B and is housed in the chassis side 30.

以上、説明したように、本実施形態に係る受電装置４によれば、マイクロ波の受信が行われる作動期間において、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０を取り囲むように電波遮蔽部材２０が配置されるので、周囲へ漏れ出すマイクロ波を低減させることができる。これにより、受電アンテナ１２における受電効率を高めることができる。また、マイクロ波の受信が行われない非作動期間においては、電波遮蔽部材２０がシャーシ３０側に収納されるので、車両３の走行を妨げることもない。   As described above, according to the power receiving device 4 according to the present embodiment, the radio wave shielding member surrounds the space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 during an operation period in which microwave reception is performed. Since 20 is arranged, the microwave leaking out to the surroundings can be reduced. Thereby, the power receiving efficiency in the power receiving antenna 12 can be improved. Further, during the non-operation period in which microwave reception is not performed, the radio wave shielding member 20 is housed on the chassis 30 side, so that traveling of the vehicle 3 is not hindered.

更に、電波遮蔽部材２０を多数本の線状または棒状の導電体を束ねてなるブラシ状の導電部材としたので、電波遮蔽効果に加えて、導電部材の先端部分に柔軟性を持たせることが可能となる。これにより、例えば、異なる場所で受電を行うときのように、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の距離が変動する場合でも、長めに形成された導電部材を地面側へ押し付ける等することにより、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０を確実に取り囲むことができる。この結果、一定の電波遮蔽効果を確保することができる。   Further, since the radio wave shielding member 20 is a brush-like conductive member formed by bundling a large number of linear or rod-like conductors, in addition to the radio wave shielding effect, the tip portion of the conductive member can be made flexible. It becomes possible. Thereby, for example, even when the distance between the power transmission antenna 7 and the power reception antenna 12 fluctuates, such as when receiving power in different places, by pressing a long conductive member to the ground side, etc. The space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 can be reliably surrounded. As a result, a certain radio wave shielding effect can be ensured.

なお、上記電波遮蔽部材２０は、図５に示すように、２重に設けられていてもよい。このように、空間５０を２重の電波遮蔽部材２０で囲うことにより、電波の遮蔽効率を更に高めることができる。また、電波遮蔽部材２０は、３重以上に設けられていてもよい。
また、上述した実施形態においては、電波遮蔽部材２０をブラシ状の導電部材としたが、これに代えて、図６に示すように、棒状または線状の導電体を格子状に配列することとしてもよい。この場合においても、上記（１）式に基づいて、所望の遮蔽効果が得られるように、導電体の直径、線間隔ａ等を決定すればよい。 The radio wave shielding member 20 may be provided in a double manner as shown in FIG. Thus, by shielding the space 50 with the double radio wave shielding member 20, the radio wave shielding efficiency can be further increased. The radio wave shielding member 20 may be provided in three or more layers.
In the above-described embodiment, the radio wave shielding member 20 is a brush-like conductive member. Instead, as shown in FIG. 6, rod-like or linear conductors are arranged in a grid pattern. Also good. Even in this case, the diameter of the conductor, the line interval a, and the like may be determined so as to obtain a desired shielding effect based on the above formula (1).

また、図７に示すように、電波遮蔽部材２０を板状の導電体としてもよい。このように、電波遮蔽部材２０を板状の導電体とすることで、マイクロ波を更に効果的に遮断することができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the radio wave shielding member 20 may be a plate-like conductor. Thus, the microwave can be more effectively blocked by using the radio wave shielding member 20 as a plate-like conductor.

また、本実施形態においては、電波遮蔽部材２０を起伏可能に取り付けることとしたが、収納の態様は、これに限定されない。例えば、やわらかい素材の導電体または電波吸収材を電波遮蔽部材２０として採用する場合には、このような電波遮蔽部材２０を巻き取り／巻き出し可能にシャーシ３０に取り付けることとしてもよい。
また、シャーシ３０に、車両内部に電波遮蔽部材２０を取り込むための取込口を設け、この取込口から電波遮蔽部材２０を車両内部に収納する構成としてもよい。 Further, in the present embodiment, the radio wave shielding member 20 is attached so as to be undulated, but the storage mode is not limited to this. For example, when a conductive material or a radio wave absorber made of a soft material is adopted as the radio wave shielding member 20, the radio wave shielding member 20 may be attached to the chassis 30 so as to be rewound / unwound.
Further, the chassis 30 may be provided with an intake port for taking in the radio wave shielding member 20 inside the vehicle, and the radio wave shielding member 20 may be housed inside the vehicle through this intake port.

また、上記実施形態においては、電波遮蔽部材２０が受電装置４に設けられていたが、これに代えて、電波遮蔽部材２０を送電装置２に設けることとしてもよい。この場合においても、電波遮蔽部材２０は、上記作動期間において、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０を取り囲むように配置され、非作動期間において地面側に収納される。このように、送電装置２に電波遮蔽部材２０を設けることによっても、上述した実施形態と同様の効果を奏することができる。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the electromagnetic wave shielding member 20 was provided in the power receiving apparatus 4, it may replace with this and the electromagnetic wave shielding member 20 may be provided in the power transmission apparatus 2. Also in this case, the radio wave shielding member 20 is disposed so as to surround the space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 during the operation period, and is stored on the ground side during the non-operation period. As described above, by providing the power transmission device 2 with the radio wave shielding member 20, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

なお、送電装置２側に電波遮蔽部材２０を設けることとした場合、送電装置２は、様々な車種の車両に対して送電を行うことから、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の距離が一様ではないこととなる。従って、様々な車種の車両にも対応可能とするために、送電装置２を以下のような構成としてもよい。   When the radio wave shielding member 20 is provided on the power transmission device 2 side, the power transmission device 2 transmits power to vehicles of various types of vehicles, and therefore the distance between the power transmission antenna 7 and the power reception antenna 12 is small. It will not be uniform. Therefore, the power transmission device 2 may have the following configuration in order to be able to support various types of vehicles.

例えば、電波遮蔽部材２０を路面に対して上下（鉛直方向）にスライド可能に設けるとともに、路面から露出される電波遮蔽部材２０の高さを調節可能とする。そして、電波遮蔽部材２０の近傍には、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の距離を測定する距離センサを設置する。これにより、例えば、送電アンテナ７に対向する位置に受電アンテナ１２が配置された場合には、まず、距離センサによって送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の距離を測定し、この測定結果に応じた適切な高さまで、電波遮蔽部材２０を上方にスライドさせる。これにより、車種等にかかわらずに、送電アンテナ７と受電アンテナ１２との間の空間５０を電波遮蔽部材２０によって確実に取り囲うことが可能となる。そして、この状態において、マイクロ波の送電が行われ、バッテリの充電が終了すると、電波遮蔽部材２０は、路面に対して下方にスライドされて、車両３の走行の邪魔にならないように路面側に収納される。   For example, the radio wave shielding member 20 is provided so as to be slidable up and down (vertical direction) with respect to the road surface, and the height of the radio wave shielding member 20 exposed from the road surface can be adjusted. A distance sensor that measures the distance between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 is installed in the vicinity of the radio wave shielding member 20. Thereby, for example, when the power receiving antenna 12 is arranged at a position facing the power transmitting antenna 7, first, the distance between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 is measured by the distance sensor, and the measurement result is determined. The radio wave shielding member 20 is slid upward to an appropriate height. Thereby, the space 50 between the power transmitting antenna 7 and the power receiving antenna 12 can be surely surrounded by the radio wave shielding member 20 regardless of the vehicle type or the like. In this state, when microwave transmission is performed and charging of the battery is completed, the radio wave shielding member 20 is slid downward with respect to the road surface so that it does not interfere with the traveling of the vehicle 3. Stored.

以上、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこの実施形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
例えば、上記実施形態においては、受信装置を自動車に適用する場合について説明したが、本発明の受信装置は、例えば、電車等に適用することも可能である。 As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the specific structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention are included.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the receiving device is applied to an automobile has been described. However, the receiving device of the present invention can also be applied to, for example, a train.

本発明の一実施形態に係るエネルギー供給システムの概略構成を示した図である。It is the figure which showed schematic structure of the energy supply system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る受電装置を地面側から見たときの平面図である。It is a top view when the power receiving apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is seen from the ground side. 車両の後方からみたときの送電アンテナ、受電アンテナ、及び電波遮蔽部材の配置を示した図である。It is the figure which showed arrangement | positioning of the power transmission antenna, power receiving antenna, and electromagnetic wave shielding member when it sees from the back of a vehicle. 本発明の一実施形態に係る電波遮蔽部材について説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the electromagnetic wave shielding member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る受電装置の変形例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the modification of the power receiving apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 電波遮蔽部材の他の例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the other example of the electromagnetic wave shielding member. 電波遮蔽部材の他の例を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the other example of the electromagnetic wave shielding member.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ エネルギー供給システム
２ 送電装置
３ 車両
４ 受電装置
６ マグネトロン
７ 送電アンテナ
１０ 制御装置
１１ レクテナ
１２ 受電アンテナ
１３ 整流回路
１４ バッテリ
２０ 電波遮蔽部材
３０ シャーシ
５０ 送電アンテナと受電アンテナとの間の空間 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Energy supply system 2 Power transmission apparatus 3 Vehicle 4 Power reception apparatus 6 Magnetron 7 Power transmission antenna 10 Control apparatus 11 Rectenna 12 Power reception antenna 13 Rectifier circuit 14 Battery 20 Radio wave shielding member 30 Chassis 50 Space between the power transmission antenna and the power reception antenna

Claims (6)

本体と、
前記本体に取り付けられるとともに、マイクロ波を受信する作動期間において、該マイクロ波を送出する送電アンテナに対向して配置される受電アンテナと、
前記本体に取り付けられた電波遮蔽手段と
を備え、
前記電波遮蔽手段は、前記作動期間において、前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲む状態とされ、非作動期間において、前記本体側に収納される受電装置。 The body,
A power receiving antenna that is attached to the main body and disposed opposite to a power transmitting antenna that transmits the microwave during an operation period of receiving the microwave;
A radio wave shielding means attached to the main body,
The radio wave shielding means is a power receiving device that is in a state of surrounding a space between the power transmission antenna and the power receiving antenna during the operation period and is housed on the main body side during the non-operation period. 前記電波遮蔽手段が多数本の線状または棒状の導電体を束ねてなるブラシ状の導電部材である請求項１に記載の受電装置。   The power receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the radio wave shielding means is a brush-like conductive member formed by bundling a large number of linear or rod-like conductors. 前記電波遮蔽手段が線状または棒状の導電体を格子状に配列してなる導電部材である請求項１に記載の受電装置。   The power receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the radio wave shielding means is a conductive member in which linear or rod-shaped conductors are arranged in a grid pattern. 前記電波遮蔽手段が板状の導電体である請求項１に記載の受電装置。   The power receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the radio wave shielding means is a plate-like conductor. 対向して配置される受電アンテナに対してマイクロ波を送信する送電アンテナと、
前記マイクロ波を送信する作動期間において、前記送電アンテナと前記受電アンテナとの間の空間を取り囲むように配置される電波遮蔽手段と
を備え、
前記電波遮蔽手段は、非作動期間において収納されている送電装置。 A power transmission antenna that transmits microwaves to a power receiving antenna disposed oppositely; and
A radio wave shielding means disposed so as to surround a space between the power transmission antenna and the power reception antenna in an operation period in which the microwave is transmitted;
The radio wave shielding means is a power transmission device accommodated during a non-operation period. 請求項１から請求項４の何れかに記載の受電装置を備える車両。   A vehicle comprising the power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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