JP2006052558A - Tile-facing permeable paving method using granulated material, and permeable tile-faced block - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that a permeable pavement and a water-retentive pavement cannot be laid even in the use of an excellent finishing material, because a bed and fixed materials (concrete, bed mortar and fixed mortar) for a pavement finished with a clay tile have no water permeability. <P>SOLUTION: A mixture containing a hardening material is granulated; and a granulated material is placed and spread before being hardened, and held down to form the bed and obtain water permeable performance and water-retentive performance. The water permeability and water retentivity are imparted to the fixed material and joint by the similar means. The water permeability is also imparted to the tile by providing the tile with an opening etc. Additionally, a tile-faced block employing the same technology is premanufactured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water permeability function and a water retention function imparted to a surface layer portion finished with a roadbed in a water permeable pavement, a drainage pavement, a water retentive pavement, or a ceramic tile paved on a base layer portion.

  Conventionally, when ceramic tiles (hereinafter referred to as tiles) are applied to the external floor, the tile is thin and the mosaic tile is 10 mm or less, and the floor tile is 25 mm or less. In the case of a sidewalk, a roadbed crushed stone 2 is laid on the roadbed 1, a concrete 9 having a thickness of about 100 mm is laid thereon, and further, a ground mortar 10 is applied on the surface about 30 mm to finish it flatly. The tile 6 is pasted with a cement mortar 11 as a pasting material (FIG. 1). There is no water permeability from concrete to cement mortar for pasting. In addition, cement mortar is filled in the joint, but since this is also not water-permeable, it was impossible to impart water permeability to the floor surface of tile makeup. Originally there was no water permeability in the groundwork, so there was no point in giving only water permeability to the tiles, and it was never commercially available.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, there is a method of using a water-permeable ceramic block 8 manufactured by firing on a pavement having an appearance somewhat similar to a tile, and the thickness of the water-permeable ceramic block 8 is the same. Since it is as thick as 60 mm to 120 mm and strong against bending, sand 7 is laid directly on the roadbed crushed stone 2, and a part of the permeable ceramic block 8 is buried in the sand 7 (sanding). Although water permeability is ensured, there are drawbacks such as increased firing weight, high cost, high transportation costs, limited shipping area, limited shape and a limited appearance.

  A widely used method for permeable pavement is a method using an open-graded asphalt mixture, but it does not look good.

JP-A-9-1324416 JP-A-6-0305810

  The problem to be solved is to enable tiled water-permeable pavement, and therefore to treat the entire system from tile to ground as a finishing layer and impart water permeability to it.

To enable permeable pavement decorated with tiles,
(1) Water permeability is imparted to conventional base parts (concrete, mortar).
(2) To impart water permeability to the pasting material and joint material.
(3) Water permeability is imparted to the tile.
Etc. are necessary. However, (1) is essential, but (2) and (3) may not be necessary depending on the construction method and tile shape.

(1) The water permeability and water retention imparted in (2) use the invention technology of the Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-120852, “Pavement method using granulated material and water permeable block”. This technology is characterized by granulating a mixture containing a hardener and then applying and finishing it before curing. Water is passed through the gaps between the granulated products, and water is retained in the capillaries in the granulated products. . It is a technology that simultaneously obtains the opposite performance of water permeability and water retention. The present invention is an application of this technique to tile construction.

  Although existing permeable concrete may be used for the concrete of the foundation, it may be based on the method of using the granulated material of the previous invention. If it is the latter, water retention will also improve.

  Tiled substrates often require precision, and for this purpose, mortar is usually applied to concrete and finished to a predetermined height. The present invention uses the granulated product of the previous invention for both the conventional concrete part and the mortar part. However, the aggregate particle size constituting the granulated product is changed as necessary.

  For the pasting material, if necessary, the granulated product of the previous invention is used instead of the pasting mortar.

  For the joint material, if necessary, the granulated product of the previous invention is used instead of the joint mortar.

  Tiles may be made by a method similar to a water-permeable ceramic block manufactured by melting and bonding ceramic crushed particles of uniform particle size with glass, etc., and tiles that are incorporated into a part of an existing tile and provided with a water-permeable portion It is also good. Alternatively, an opening that penetrates the front and back, for example, a tile provided with a large number of small holes or a tile provided with several large holes is used. An example is shown in FIG. In a mosaic tile of 50 mm square or less, a tile having no water permeability may be used as long as the joint has water permeability. In this case, the surface that can be permeable is only the joint portion, but the proportion of the joint portion is about 20% of the finished surface. If the permeable coefficient of the joint and the base is designed to be large, the water permeability as the surface can be secured. For example, if the water permeability coefficient of the joint and the base can be set to 0.1 cm / sec, the surface can have a water permeability of 0.02 cm / sec. Ensuring the water permeability of the substrate is considerably easier than in the case of the previous invention, as compared with the case where the granulated product layer is used as a finished surface as it is, without consideration of wear resistance and finish. Even when an opening is provided in the tile, if 25% of the surface area of the tile is used as the opening, the entire finished surface has a water permeable area of 40% together with the joint.

As a method for obtaining a tile-permeable water-permeable pavement, there are the following three methods depending on how to make a base. Either may be taken.
(1) The base material is laid directly on the roadbed crushed stone 2 of the roadbed 1 and directly pasted on the roadbed crushed stone 2. Place the water-permeable tile 5 on the surface and tap and hold it (Fig. 3). In this method, the conventional concrete, base mortar, and mortar are combined with the granulated material and applied at the same time. This method is easy for small areas. Tile may or may not be used when using permeable tiles. If a large joint area ratio can be obtained, the tiles need to be permeable and the tiles need not have water permeability. Therefore, if the tile is not permeable, use a permeable joint material. When the tile has water permeability, there are two types of joints 12, one having water permeability and one having no water permeability.
(2) The granulated material layer 3 is spread on the roadbed crushed stone 2 of the roadbed 1, and after hardening, the uncured granulated material layer 4 is laid as a pasting material on the ground, and immediately Place a tile on top of this, tap and hold it (Fig. 4). A method similar to conventional straight concrete. The pasting material may be a granulated product, or an ordinary pasting mortar as long as it can be applied while leaving the water-permeable portion. The relationship between the tiles and joints is the same as (1).
(3) Similar to the case of conventional concrete and mortar base, a method of using a granulated material for the base in two steps. Others are the same as (2).

  By applying the present invention, tile decorative concrete blocks, concrete floor slabs, and the like, which are secondary products having water permeability, water retention, or both, can be produced. A water-permeable tile is placed in a mold for molding, a granulated material is charged, and this is pressurized and demolded. The granulated product is soft but has no fluidity, so it can be molded at low pressure, and demolding is possible without waiting for curing. Note that the tile may be attached to the molded granule block later.

  When the granulated material is mixed with fine clay sand, commonly known as Kira, which is separated during the refining of ceramic materials such as silica sand, the granulation property is remarkably improved. A compounding quantity is 5 to 30% by weight ratio.

  The present invention enables water-permeable and water-retaining pavement finished with ceramic tiles. Rainwater is absorbed quickly by the ground side, which helps to prevent slipping of the tile surface.

  Further, in order to enable tiled water-permeable pavement, the entire system from the tile to the ground is taken as a finishing layer, and water permeability is imparted thereto.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in Examples.
A mixture having the following composition (weight ratio, the same applies hereinafter) is made.
Ordinary cement 20 parts 5.5 mm Sieboshikawa sand 70 parts feldspar waste 10 parts Add about 10 parts of water and knead with a mortar mixer to make granulated mortar. This is placed on the roadbed crushed stone for 1 to 3 rows of tiles, leveled about 30 mm higher than the finished height, and a 90 mm square 15 mm thick floor tile (with joints of 100 mm and joint width of 10 mm) on which water-permeable openings are formed is placed. Tap to finish height (65mm above crushed stone). When the first to third rows have been stretched, the next 1-3 rows are stretched in the same manner. This is repeated below. Same method as floor tile stacking for ceramic floor tiles. For the joint, the granulated material protruding from the joint part of the tile surface was lightly pressed with a joint trowel and used as the joint finish.

A mixture having the following composition (weight ratio, the same applies hereinafter) is made.
Ordinary cement 20 parts 5.5 mm to 15 mm gravel 63 parts 5.5 mm Siegoshikawa sand 7 parts feldspar waste 10 parts Add about 10 parts water to this and knead it with a mortar mixer to make granulated concrete. This is laid on the roadbed crushed stone, leveled with a dragonfly, and further pressed to a thickness of 100 mm with a 600 kg self-propelled roller. The bulk density of the granulated product layer at this time is about 1.9 kg / cm 3. Using this as a base, a granulated product having the composition shown in Example 1 was prepared, and the same tile as in Example 1 was pasted using this as a pasting material. The same construction method as crimping of floor tiles. The joints were packed with the same granulate.

  The granulated concrete of Example 2 was laid 100 mm, and after curing, a 30 mm-thick foundation was placed on the granulated mortar of Example 1 with high accuracy. Mosaic tiles of 50 mm square are attached to the joints with ordinary mortar. The adhesive mortar is applied to the back of the tile by covering the back of the cover-applied unit tile with a mask covering the joint for masking. Same as mosaic tile masking. Fill joints with water-permeable joint material (granulated material).

  A water-permeable tile measuring 90 mm long and 190 mm long and 15 mm thick is placed on the bottom of a mold of 98 mm long and 198 mm deep and 820 mm deep, with the tile surface facing down, 7.2 parts of fine aggregate under 5.5 mm sieve, feldspar Add 1 part of waste soil, 1.8 parts of ordinary cement, and 1 part of water, mix and mix 2 kg of granulated product, granulated to 5 mm or less, from above and below so that the thickness of the molded product becomes 65 mm Pressurize, demold, and cure.

  If water permeability and water retention can be imparted to tiled pavement, in addition to the recharge of groundwater for water permeability, flood control measures, street tree development, prevention of urban heat island phenomenon for water retention, Because of its goodness and freedom of choice, it can make a significant contribution to improving the cityscape.

Cross section of conventional tile finish Cross section of construction of permeable ceramic block Construction sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention Construction sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention Tile product drawing with opening of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

1 Roadbed 2 Roadbed Crushed Stone 3 Granulated Material (Coarse Aggregate System)
4 Granulated material (fine aggregate)
5 Water-permeable tile 6 Tile 7 Sand 8 Water-permeable ceramic block 9 Concrete 10 Base mortar 11 Paste mortar 12 Joint 13 Opening

Claims (7)

  A roadbed crushed stone is laid on the upper surface of the road surface to be paved, and a granulated layer is formed on the upper surface by granulating a mixture of aggregate, hardener, and other compounding materials, and granulating the mixture. A water-permeable pavement method in which ceramic tiles are placed on the upper surface of a material layer and then pressed and held.   The water-permeable pavement method according to claim 1, wherein a ceramic tile having water permeability is used.     3. The water-permeable pavement method according to claim 1, comprising two layers in which an uncured granulated material layer is laid on the upper surface of the layer after the granulated material layer is cured.   4. A paste according to claims 1 and 3, which is pasted without granulating the pasting material, applied to the base surface or the back side of the tile using dots, squares, streaks using a mask or comb iron, and the tile is pasted as in the previous paragraph. Permeable pavement method.   5. The water-permeable pavement method according to claim 1, wherein the joint material is filled with joint material having water permeability.   7. A paving method according to claim 1, wherein unused waste soil glitter generated during the production of ceramic raw materials is used as the other compounding material. Permeability by granulating a mixture of aggregates, hardeners, and other compounding materials, and merging permeable ceramic tiles on the front side of the permeable blocks that have been molded and cured and cured before the granulation is cured Tile makeup block.

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