GB2559587A - Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises - Google Patents

Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2559587A
GB2559587A GB1702197.3A GB201702197A GB2559587A GB 2559587 A GB2559587 A GB 2559587A GB 201702197 A GB201702197 A GB 201702197A GB 2559587 A GB2559587 A GB 2559587A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
flow
premises
liquid
supply inlet
supply installation
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Withdrawn
Application number
GB1702197.3A
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GB201702197D0 (en
Inventor
Radford Alan
Wedlake Ian
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Individual
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Priority to GB1702197.3A priority Critical patent/GB2559587A/en
Publication of GB201702197D0 publication Critical patent/GB201702197D0/en
Publication of GB2559587A publication Critical patent/GB2559587A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/075—Arrangement of devices for control of pressure or flow rate
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/071—Arrangement of safety devices in domestic pipe systems, e.g. devices for automatic shut-off
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/072—Arrangement of flowmeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/15—Leakage reduction or detection in water storage or distribution

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)

Abstract

The liquid supply installation (11, fig 1) includes a supply inlet (12) which provides a pressurised supply of liquid to the premises and a network of distribution pipes (14) which are fed from the supply inlet and which distribute liquid to different parts of the premises. The apparatus comprises a timer (in control board 4) which operates with a predetermined time period, a valve 3 which is responsive to the timer means to close the supply inlet against fluid flow upon expiry of the predetermined time period, and a flow sensor 1 arranged to operate the timer to commence the predetermined timing period. The flow sensor 1 is arranged to detect changes in the rate of flow through the supply inlet and the apparatus is such that, in use, the timer commences a new predetermined timing period whenever the rate of flow as measured by the flow sensor 1 changes to a value greater than zero. The invention also includes an electronic control system 4 powered by an electricity generator 2 operated by flow of liquid through the apparatus. A storage battery is arranged to be charged by the electricity generator 2. The control system 4 monitors the electrical charge within the storage battery and closes the supply inlet against fluid flow if the charge falls below a predetermined safe level.

Description

(71) Applicant(s):
Alan Radford
Foxvane, 51 Manor Road, Alcombe, MINEHEAD, Somerset, TA24 6EJ, United Kingdom
Ian Wedlake
Wouldham Road, WATCHET, TA23 0EQ, United Kingdom (72) Inventor(s):
Alan Radford Ian Wedlake (56) Documents Cited:
GB 2360365 A GB 2310068 A
EP 2982891 A2 EP 1580336 A2
WO 2008/046042 A1 WO 1999/046526 A1 US 6317051 B1 US 6164319 A1
US 4589435 A1 US 20100000615 A1 (58) Field of Search:
INT CL E03B, G01M Other: EPODOC, WPI (74) Agent and/or Address for Service:
Craske & Co
Queensgate House, 48 Queen Street, EXETER, EX4 3SR, United Kingdom (54) Title of the Invention: Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises Abstract Title: Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises (57) The liquid supply installation (11, fig 1) includes a supply inlet (12) which provides a pressurised supply of liquid to the premises and a network of distribution pipes (14) which are fed from the supply inlet and which distribute liquid to different parts of the premises. The apparatus comprises a timer (in control board 4) which operates with a predetermined time period, a valve 3 which is responsive to the timer means to close the supply inlet against fluid flow upon expiry of the predetermined time period, and a flow sensor 1 arranged to operate the timer to commence the predetermined timing period. The flow sensor 1 is arranged to detect changes in the rate of flow through the supply inlet and the apparatus is such that, in use, the timer commences a new predetermined timing period whenever the rate of flow as measured by the flow sensor 1 changes to a value greater than zero. The invention also includes an electronic control system 4 powered by an electricity generator 2 operated by flow of liquid through the apparatus. A storage battery is arranged to be charged by the electricity generator 2. The control system 4 monitors the electrical charge within the storage battery and closes the supply inlet against fluid flow if the charge falls below a predetermined safe level.
Figure GB2559587A_D0001
1/2
Figure GB2559587A_D0002
Fig. 1
2/2
Figure GB2559587A_D0003
Fig. 2
- 1 APPARATUS FOR LIMITING LEAKAGE FROM A LIQUID SUPPLY INSTALLATION IN A PREMISES
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises.
BACKGROUND
Most premises are provided with a water supply installation in which water is fed to various outlets from a supply inlet through a network of distribution pipes. The outlets may include manually operated valves as well as automatic valves as found in appliances such as washing machines. Most of the time the water in the pipes is maintained under pressure. If any leaks should develop considerable damage may be caused to walls, ceilings, floor coverings or furniture.
Many solutions to this problem have been proposed. Typically, a sensor is installed at or near the supply inlet to detect water flow. Whenever water flows through the inlet a timer is started. A
- 2 timing period is necessary to detect whether the flow is caused by prolonged leakage or normal intermittent usage. If the water flows for more than a preset time period a shutoff valve is actuated to prevent any more water from flowing into the installation. The timer is normally reset when the flow ceases.
In known apparatus the timing period may be adjusted according to flow rate such that if there is a low flow rate a greater period of flow is allowed than at higher flow rates. The timing period may also be controlled by pressure changes. In normal use the pressure changes in the system may be quite small, but if a large leak develops, due to a fractured pipe for example, the supply can be cut off almost immediately. Other variations are known. For example, an override facility may be provided to allow the timing period to be exceeded when flow is required for an extended period, e.g. when watering the garden. Users may also be able to select short or long time periods depending on the period of continual use which is required.
Despite the large number of proposals, existing systems suffer from at least one of the following disadvantages:
- Frequent manual intervention is often required to prevent unnecessary activation or restore flow.
- The equipment is susceptible to false activation, e.g when large volumes of water are required for normal purposes or due to normal variations in system pressure.
- Activation does not occur quickly enough, when a considerable amount of damage has already taken place.
- 3 - The apparatus is complicated, expensive or time consuming to install.
The present invention seeks to provide a new and inventive form of apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention proposes apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises. The liquid supply installation includes a supply inlet which provides a pressurised supply of liquid to the premises and a network of distribution pipes which are fed from the supply inlet and which distribute liquid to different parts of the premises. The apparatus comprises timer means which operates with a predetermined time period, a valve arrangement associated with the supply inlet and which is responsive to the timer means to close the supply inlet against fluid flow upon expiry of the predetermined time period, and a flow sensor responsive to flow of liquid through the supply inlet and arranged to operate the timer means to commence the predetermined timing period.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises in which a flow sensor is arranged to detect changes in the rate of flow through the supply inlet and the apparatus is such that, in use, timer means
- 4 commences a new predetermined timing period whenever the rate of flow as measured by the flow sensor changes to a value greater than zero.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes an electronic control system powered by an electricity generator operated by flow of liquid through the apparatus.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes a storage battery which is arranged to be charged by the electricity generator.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises in which the control system is arranged to monitor the electrical charge within the storage battery and close the supply inlet against fluid flow if the charge falls below a predetermined safe level.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes a manual control operable to reset the apparatus.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes a manual control operable to select a longer predetermined time period.
- 5 The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes a manual control operable to change the state of a valve arrangement from open to shut or vice versa.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which is arranged to allow a user select an extended timing period which is automatically canceled after a set time.
The invention also provides apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises which includes a valve arrangement which has two stable states, open and closed, either of which is selectable by applying an appropriate actuating voltage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following description and the accompanying drawings referred to therein are included by way of non-limiting example in order to illustrate how the invention may be put into practice. In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a water supply installation in a premises such as a domestic house; and
Figure 2 is a block diagram of apparatus for limiting
- 6 leakage from the water supply installation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Referring firstly to Fig. 1, a premises 10, which is typically a domestic dwelling house or a commercial establishment, has a water supply installation 11. The installation includes a supply inlet 12 which is connected to a rising main, a pumped supply from a well or borehole, or a similar source which provides a pressurised supply of potable liquid to the premises. The supply inlet 12 feeds water via a stopcock 13 to a branched network of distribution pipes 14, represented schematically, which distribute water to different parts of the premises at which water can be drawn off using manually operated valves 15 (taps or faucets, shower valves etc.) or automatic valves as in toilet cistern or washing machine 16.
Between the water supply inlet 12 and the distribution pipes 14, and downstream of the stopcock 13, there is installed apparatus 17 for limiting leakage from the liquid supply installation upon occurrence of an event such as, for example, a burst or fractured pipe, a faulty valve 15, 16, or a tap being inadvertently being left on. Referring to Fig. 2, the apparatus 17 is self-contained and may conveniently have push-fit inlet and outlet connectors 18 and 19 for connection to the supply inlet 12 and distribution pipe 14 respectively. The apparatus 17 includes a flow sensor 1, a actuator-operated valve 3, and an electronic control board 4
- 7 which incorporates an electronic timer. The flow sensor 1 measures the flow of water through the supply inlet and sends an electrical signal to the control board 4 to indicate the current flow rate. The electrical output from the sensor may be continuous, as in the case of an analogue flow sensor, or updated at suitably short intervals (e.g. 1 second) as in the case of a digital sensor. The actuator-operated valve 3 has two stable states, open and closed, either of which may be selected by means of a suitable actuating voltage supplied by the control board 4. Once the desired state has been selected an actuating voltage is no longer required and the valve remains in the selected state. As a safeguard against system malfunction, a manual override 6 may be provided to enable the valve 3 to be manually opened or closed, overriding any output provided by the control board.
The timer within the control board 4 operates with a predetermined time period which will generally be programmable by a service engineer or factory set. The commencement of a new timing period is initiated each time there is a change in flow rate as detected by the flow sensor 1, except when the flow rate returns to zero in which case the current timing cycle is terminated without any new timing period being initiated. Provided the timing period is set appropriately (say 30 - 45 minutes) normal changes in flow rate which occur during use such as taking a shower, filling a kettle, washing hands etc., will be sufficient to reset the timing period before it comes to an end. However, should the same rate of flow continue for more than the set period without change the control board sends a brief actuating voltage to close the valve 3
- 8 and prevent water reaching the distribution pipes 4.
In practice normal tasks such as watering the garden or running a shower will be associated with changes in flow rate which are sufficient to reset the timer, but the user will quickly learn to guard against unwanted shutdown be changing the flow at intervals. However, should unintended shutdowns occur a user control 5 such as a push button or knob is provided. The control 5 conveniently incorporates a warning light to provide the user with information to which the user may respond, as follows:
A) A red warning light is illuminated when a leak has been detected causing the solenoid valve 3 to close.
B) A short push (or turn) resets the controller to open the solenoid valve 3.
C) A long push (or turn) e.g. greater than 3 seconds selects a longer predetermined time period. After a set time the extended timing period is automatically cancelled and the system returns to normal operation.
D) Selection of the longer time period causes an amber light to illuminate.
E) Two short pushes (or turns) in quick succession changes the state of the solenoid valve from open to shut or vice versa. Clearly additional functionality can be incorporated as required.
It is an important feature of the present apparatus that it is fully self-contained independent of external power connections or batteries which need to be replaced. This is achieved by the incorporation of a flow-operated electricity generator 2 in the flow
- 9 path through the apparatus. The generator produces a small alternating current at a voltage which, when converted to DC, is sufficient to maintain a rechargeable battery which is included on the control board 4. A normal level of water usage within the premises will produce sufficient charge to allow the device to operate and effect a shut down in the event of a leak, as described The control board monitors the state of charge of the internal battery, and should the voltage fall below a threshold value through lack of charge, e.g. when the premises is unoccupied, the solenoid valve will automatically open to shut down the water supply. However, sufficient charge will remain to allow the solenoid valve to operate and permit flow to re-commence when normal operation is restored.
The control board 4 preferably also incorporates a wireless connection which may communicate directly with a wifi to allow remote control and monitoring of the apparatus. The control board may also provide communication with a dedicated receiver 7, located at a convenient place within the premises, which is linked to a mobile telephone or landline connection 8. The receiver 7 includes an auto-dialler to allow a warning to be sent to a pre-programmed landline or mobile telephone number and provide a remote alert when a leak is detected.
The apparatus is thus able to reliably detect leaks ranging from major bursts to very slow leaks within a relatively short time period. There is a minimum requirement for manual intervention, and the system is inexpensive, reliable and quick and simple to
- 10 install.
The apparatus may also be suitable for monitoring the supply of other liquids to a premises such as heating oil.
Whilst the above description places emphasis on the areas which are believed to be new and addresses specific problems which have been identified, it is intended that the features disclosed herein may be used in any combination which is capable of providing a new and useful advance in the art.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises,
- the liquid supply installation including a supply inlet which provides a pressurised supply of liquid to the premises and a network of distribution pipes which are fed from the supply inlet and which distribute liquid to different parts of the premises,
- the apparatus comprising timer means which operates with a predetermined time period, a valve arrangement associated with the supply inlet and which is responsive to the timer means to close the supply inlet against fluid flow upon expiry of the predetermined time period, and a flow sensor responsive to flow of liquid through the supply inlet and arranged to operate the timer means to commence the predetermined timing period;
in which the flow sensor is arranged to detect changes in the rate of flow through the supply inlet and the apparatus is such that, in use, the timer means commences a new predetermined timing period whenever the rate of flow as measured by the flow sensor changes to a value greater than zero.
2. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to Claim 1 which includes an electronic control system powered by an electricity generator operated by flow of liquid through the apparatus.
- 12
3. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to Claim 2 which includes a storage battery which is arranged to be charged by the electricity generator.
4. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to Claim 3 in which the control system is arranged to monitor the electrical charge within the storage battery and close the supply inlet against fluid flow if the charge falls below a predetermined safe level.
5. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to any preceding claim which includes a manual control operable to:
- reset the apparatus to open the valve arrangement;
- select a longer predetermined time period; and
- change the state of the valve arrangement from open to shut or vice versa.
6. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to Claim 5 which is arranged such that the extended timing period is automatically canceled after a set time.
7. Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises according to any preceding claim in which the valve arrangement has two stable states, open and closed, either of which is selectable by applying an appropriate
- 13 actuating voltage.
Intellectual
Property
Office
-14Application No: GB1702197.3 Examiner: Mr Mike Walker
GB1702197.3A 2017-02-10 2017-02-10 Apparatus for limiting leakage from a liquid supply installation in a premises Withdrawn GB2559587A (en)

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GB2559587A true GB2559587A (en) 2018-08-15

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589435A (en) * 1984-09-24 1986-05-20 Aldrich Donald C Water shutoff valve
GB2310068A (en) * 1996-02-10 1997-08-13 Stephen John Chadwick Fluid leak responsive shut off valve
WO1999046526A1 (en) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-16 Isaacson, Gary, A., Jr. Flood control device
US6164319A (en) * 1997-04-04 2000-12-26 Cochran; David J. Automatic shut-off device for a pipe
GB2360365A (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-19 John Michael Smith Controlling a water supply to minimise leakages
US6317051B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-11-13 Jeffrey D. Cohen Water flow monitoring system determining the presence of leaks and stopping flow in water pipes
EP1580336A2 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-28 Finotello Antonio Shut-off device to prevent leakage
WO2008046042A1 (en) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-17 Castlebridge Enterprises, Inc. Water conservation safety shut-off valve
US20100000615A1 (en) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 Charles Finlayson Leak detection and shutoff system
EP2982891A2 (en) * 2014-07-16 2016-02-10 Castlebridge Enterprises, Inc. Water safety shut-off valve

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4589435A (en) * 1984-09-24 1986-05-20 Aldrich Donald C Water shutoff valve
GB2310068A (en) * 1996-02-10 1997-08-13 Stephen John Chadwick Fluid leak responsive shut off valve
US6164319A (en) * 1997-04-04 2000-12-26 Cochran; David J. Automatic shut-off device for a pipe
WO1999046526A1 (en) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-16 Isaacson, Gary, A., Jr. Flood control device
US6317051B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-11-13 Jeffrey D. Cohen Water flow monitoring system determining the presence of leaks and stopping flow in water pipes
GB2360365A (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-19 John Michael Smith Controlling a water supply to minimise leakages
EP1580336A2 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-28 Finotello Antonio Shut-off device to prevent leakage
WO2008046042A1 (en) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-17 Castlebridge Enterprises, Inc. Water conservation safety shut-off valve
US20100000615A1 (en) * 2008-07-03 2010-01-07 Charles Finlayson Leak detection and shutoff system
EP2982891A2 (en) * 2014-07-16 2016-02-10 Castlebridge Enterprises, Inc. Water safety shut-off valve

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