GB2380812A - Dispersion manipulating fibre - Google Patents

Dispersion manipulating fibre Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2380812A
GB2380812A GB0302866A GB0302866A GB2380812A GB 2380812 A GB2380812 A GB 2380812A GB 0302866 A GB0302866 A GB 0302866A GB 0302866 A GB0302866 A GB 0302866A GB 2380812 A GB2380812 A GB 2380812A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
refractive index
region
fibre
cladding
design
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0302866A
Other versions
GB0302866D0 (en
GB2380812B (en
Inventor
Stig Eigil Barkou Libori
Jes Broeng
Anders Bjarklev
Thomas Soendergaard
Martin Dybendal Nielsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Crystal Fibre AS
Original Assignee
Crystal Fibre AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Crystal Fibre AS filed Critical Crystal Fibre AS
Publication of GB0302866D0 publication Critical patent/GB0302866D0/en
Publication of GB2380812A publication Critical patent/GB2380812A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2380812B publication Critical patent/GB2380812B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
    • G02B6/02323—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. photonic band gap guiding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/02219—Characterised by the wavelength dispersion properties in the silica low loss window around 1550 nm, i.e. S, C, L and U bands from 1460-1675 nm
    • G02B6/02228—Dispersion flattened fibres, i.e. having a low dispersion variation over an extended wavelength range
    • G02B6/02233—Dispersion flattened fibres, i.e. having a low dispersion variation over an extended wavelength range having at least two dispersion zero wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/02219—Characterised by the wavelength dispersion properties in the silica low loss window around 1550 nm, i.e. S, C, L and U bands from 1460-1675 nm
    • G02B6/02228—Dispersion flattened fibres, i.e. having a low dispersion variation over an extended wavelength range
    • G02B6/02238—Low dispersion slope fibres
    • G02B6/02242—Low dispersion slope fibres having a dispersion slope <0.06 ps/km/nm2
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
    • G02B6/02333—Core having higher refractive index than cladding, e.g. solid core, effective index guiding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
    • G02B6/02338—Structured core, e.g. core contains more than one material, non-constant refractive index distribution in core, asymmetric or non-circular elements in core unit, multiple cores, insertions between core and clad
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G02B6/02347—Longitudinal structures arranged to form a regular periodic lattice, e.g. triangular, square, honeycomb unit cell repeated throughout cladding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G02B6/02357—Property of longitudinal structures or background material varies radially and/or azimuthally in the cladding, e.g. size, spacing, periodicity, shape, refractive index, graded index, quasiperiodic, quasicrystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G02B6/02361—Longitudinal structures forming multiple layers around the core, e.g. arranged in multiple rings with each ring having longitudinal elements at substantially the same radial distance from the core, having rotational symmetry about the fibre axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
    • G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
    • G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
    • G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
    • G02B6/03627—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - +
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
    • G02B6/03633—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only arranged - -
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03688—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 5 or more layers

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Micro-structured optical fibres are improved with respect to increasing the dispersion, both to large negative or large positive values, in a first fibre design in which the fibre has a micro-structured core region being surrounded by a micro-structured cladding region with cladding features being large compared to a predetermined wavelength of light, which can be guided through the fibre. Preferably, the effective index of refraction of the core region, Nco, is larger than the effective index of refraction of the cladding region Ncl, at the predetermined wavelength of light. It is is further preferred that the refractive index of one or more of the core features is lower than the refractive index of the core material. Increased dispersion is also obtained by a second optical fibre design in which the fibre has two cladding regions, where the inner cladding region may be micro-structured with inner cladding features and having an effective refrafctive index that is larger than the effective refractive index of the outer cladding region at the operating wavelengths, i.e. the fibre has an inner cladding with a raised effective refractive index. For the second fibre design it is preferred that the outer cladding region is micro-structured with outer cladding features. There is further provided a third optical fibre design, which may be used for non-linear applications, and in which the use of a raised, inner cladding provides the flexibility to obtain fibres with very, small cores and near-zero dispersion over a broad wavelengths range at near-infrared wavelengths. In the third fibre design, the optical fibre has a core region surrounded by an inner cladding region with a number of inner cladding features disposed in an inner cladding material, while the inner cladding region is surrounded by an outer cladding region. In the third design the inner cladding features have a refractive index that differs from the refractive index of the inner cladding material, and the inner cladding region has an effective refractive index Ni that is larger than_the effective refractive index No of the outer cladding region at the operating wavelength. The core region of the third design may be a substantially solid core with an effective refractive index Nco being larger than Ni at the operating wavelength. For the third design, the outer cladding region may also comprise a number of outer cladding features disposed in an outer cladding material, with the outer cladding features having a refractive index that differs from the refractive index of the outer cladding material. For the third fibre design it is preferred that the effective refractive index difference between the core region and the inner cladding region is greater than about 5%.

Description

(72) Inventorls) (56) cont Stig Eigil Barkou Libori pages 16-19,21,
XP002170484 ISSN:0901 4632 the whole Jes Broeng document Anders Bjarklev MONRO T M ET AL:"HOLEY FIBERS WITH RANDOM Thomas S0ndergeard CLADDING DISTRIBUTIONS" OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL Martin Dybendal Nielsen SOCIETY OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, US. vol.25, no.4, 15 February 2000 (2000-02-15), pages 206-208, (74) Agent and/or Address for Service XP000947118 ISSN: 0146-9592 the wholedocument Withers & Rogers Goldings House, 2 Hays Lane, LONDON, (58) Field of Search by ISA
SE1 2HW, United Kingdom INT CL7 G02B Other:
GB0302866A 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Microstructured optic fibre with inner and outer claddings Expired - Lifetime GB2380812B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200001125 2000-07-21
US22345100P 2000-08-04 2000-08-04
DKPA200001405 2000-09-21
DKPA200100227 2001-02-12
DKPA200101014 2001-06-28
PCT/DK2001/000511 WO2002012931A2 (en) 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Dispersion manipulating fibre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0302866D0 GB0302866D0 (en) 2003-03-12
GB2380812A true GB2380812A (en) 2003-04-16
GB2380812B GB2380812B (en) 2004-12-29

Family

ID=27512988

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0302866A Expired - Lifetime GB2380812B (en) 2000-07-21 2001-07-20 Microstructured optic fibre with inner and outer claddings

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001281741A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2380812B (en)
WO (1) WO2002012931A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7266275B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2007-09-04 Crystal Fibre A/S Nonlinear optical fibre method of its production and use thereof
JP4158391B2 (en) * 2002-03-25 2008-10-01 住友電気工業株式会社 Optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof
AU2003229545A1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-12 Crystal Fibre A/S Optical waveguide, method of its production, and its use
DE10330361A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-02-03 IAP-Institut für angewandte Photonik e.V. Photonic crystal fiber, to generate a super continuum in a wide spectral range, has a center fiber flanked by metal conductors within a mantle shrouding forming inner and outer hollow zones
JP2004177817A (en) * 2002-11-28 2004-06-24 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Optical fiber and optical module
DE10301624A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-29 Kwangju Institute Of Science And Technology Mode filtering and mode selection for multimode optical fibre with core and envelope, which has periodic index structure with rising reflection capacity of envelope only for specified transversal mode
US7414780B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2008-08-19 Imra America, Inc. All-fiber chirped pulse amplification systems
EP1788415A4 (en) * 2004-07-13 2008-11-26 Fujikura Ltd Hole assist type holey fiber and low bending loss multimode holey fiber
JP2006126725A (en) * 2004-11-01 2006-05-18 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Optical fiber
US20060204190A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-14 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Large mode-area microstructure optical fiber
WO2007006316A2 (en) 2005-07-08 2007-01-18 Koheras A/S Blue extended super continuum light source
FR2893149B1 (en) 2005-11-10 2008-01-11 Draka Comteq France OPTICAL FIBER MONOMODE.
FR2899693B1 (en) 2006-04-10 2008-08-22 Draka Comteq France OPTICAL FIBER MONOMODE.
WO2008053922A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-08 Fujikura Ltd. Photonic bandgap fiber
EP2135134A1 (en) 2006-12-08 2009-12-23 Koheras A/S Deep blue extended super continuum light source
GB0719376D0 (en) * 2007-10-03 2007-11-14 Univ Bath Hollow-core photonic crystal fibre
DK2206001T3 (en) 2007-11-09 2014-07-07 Draka Comteq Bv Optical fiber resistant to microbending
FR2930997B1 (en) 2008-05-06 2010-08-13 Draka Comteq France Sa OPTICAL FIBER MONOMODE

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5802236A (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-09-01 Lucent Technologies Inc. Article comprising a micro-structured optical fiber, and method of making such fiber
WO1999000685A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 The Secretary Of State For Defence Single mode optical fibre

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5802236A (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-09-01 Lucent Technologies Inc. Article comprising a micro-structured optical fiber, and method of making such fiber
WO1999000685A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 The Secretary Of State For Defence Single mode optical fibre

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BARKOU S E ET AL:"Guidance of light along an air-column in a new class of optical fibers"DOPS-NYT, 1999, DANSK OPT. SELSKAB, DENMARK, vol.14, no.1, pages 16-19, 21, XP002170484 ISSN:0901-4632 the whole document *
BROENG J ET AL: "Highly increased photonic band gaps in silica/air structures" OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS,NL,NORTH-HOLLAND vol.156, no.4-6, 15 November 1998 (1998-11-15), pages 240-244, XP004143066 ISSN: 0030-4018 the whole document *
KNIGHT J C ET AL: "PHOTONIC BAND GAP GUIDANCE IN OPTICAL FIBERS" SCIENCE, AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE.,US, vol.282, no 5393, 20 November 1998 (1998-11-20), pages 1476-1478, XP001009986 ISSN: 0036-8075 the whole document *
MONRO T M ET AL:"HOLEY FIBERS WITH RANDOM CLADDING DISTRIBUTIONS" OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, US. vol.25, no.4, 15 February 2000 (2000-02-15), pages 206-208, XP000947118 ISSN: 0146-9592 the wholedocument *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002012931A3 (en) 2002-05-30
WO2002012931A2 (en) 2002-02-14
GB0302866D0 (en) 2003-03-12
GB2380812B (en) 2004-12-29
AU2001281741A1 (en) 2002-02-18

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PE20 Patent expired after termination of 20 years

Expiry date: 20210719