GB2250990A - Substituted dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocins - Google Patents

Abstract

There are disclosed novel substituted dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocins of formula I <IMAGE> wherein R1 and R2 are each independently of the other C1-18alkyl, C5-12cycloalkyl, phenyl or C1-4alkyl-substituted phenyl or phenyl-C1-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2, and A, when n = 1, C1-30alkyl, C5-12cycloalkyl, phenyl-C1-4alkyl or C2-18alkyl which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -O-, and, when n = 2, is a direct bond, C1-12alkylene or C2-12alkylene which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -O-, and R is C1-12alkyl or phenyl. These novel compounds are suitable for stabilising organic material, especially synthetic polymers, and are particularly suitable for use as processing stabilisers (heat stabilisers) for polyolefins.

Description

Substituted dibenzofd,gl[1,3,2]dioxaphosphocins The present invention

relates to novel substituted dibenzo[d,g][1,3, 2]dioxaphosphocins, to the use thereof for stabilising organic material and to compositions which contain these compounds.

Dibenzo[d,gl[1,3,2]dioxaphosphites have been known for some time as processing stabilisers for organic polymers (q.v. CA-A- 1159 845). Later, dibenzo[d,g] [ 1,3,21 dioxaphosphocins which are substituted at the phosphorus atom by aromatic groups and which contain sulfur in 12position or carry hydroxyl groups at the benzene rings, were disclosed as stabilisers for synthetic resins and polyolefins (US-A-3 297 63 1; SU-A897 797; R-A-71 17896). Bis-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocins which are linked through aromatic groups have also been proposed for this utility (US-A-4 481317).

It has now been found that compounds of this class which carry alkyl or aralkyl radicals at the phosphorus atom and which are also linked through alkylene groups are surprisingly good stabilisers for organic material, especially processing stabilisers for synthetic polymers.

Specifically, the invention relates to compounds of formula 1 R2 R, 0 R P-A 3 0 _n R, R2 wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-18alkyl, CS- 12CYCloalkyl, phenyl or Cl-4alkyl-substituted phenyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2, and A, when n = 1, is Cl-30alkyl, C5-12Cycloalkyl, phenyl-Cl-4alkyl or C2-18alkyl which is interrupted by - NR-, -S- or -0-, and, when n = 2, is a direct bond, Cl-12alkylene or C2- 12alkylene which is interrupted by -NR, -S- or -0-, where R is Cl-12alkyl or phenyl.

R, and R2 defined as alkyl may be branched or unbranched radicals. The numerical range prefixed by the symbol "C" denotes the number of possible carbon atoms. Thus R, und R2 defined as C,-18alkyl are typically methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, 2ethylbutyl, isoamyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylhexyl, isoheptyl, 1-methylheptyl, 1,1,3tdmethylhexyl or 1-methylundecyl. Alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms are preferred, and those containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.

A defined as C,-30alkyl is, in addition to the meanings given for C,18alkyl, typically icosyl, henicosyl, docosyl or triacontyl. Preferably A is Cl-22alkyl, and most preferably Cl-18alkyl.

A defined as Cl-12alkylene typically includes methylene, ethylene, 1methylethylene, propylene, 1-methylpropylene, 2-methylpropylene, nbutylene, 2-methylbutylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, 2ethylhexylene, 2-ethylbutylene, 1-methylpentylene, 1,3-dimethylbutylene, 1,1,3,3-tetrainethylbutylene, 1-methylhexylene, 1-methylheptylene, decylene or dodecylene. If A is interrupted by -0-, -S- or -NR-, then preferably the structural units -CH2-CH2-0-, -CH2-CH2-S- or -CH2-CH2-NIZare formed. The chain may be interrupted by one or by a plurality of the groups -NR-, -0- and -S-.

R, and R2 defined as CS-12CYCloalkyl typically include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl and cyclododecyl. Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl are preferred, and cyclohexyl is especially preferred.

R, and R2 and A defined as phenyl-CI-4alkyl are typically benzyl, phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, cc-methylbenzyl and ec,(x-dimethylbenzyl. Benzyl is preferred.

R, and R2 defined as Cl-4alkyl-substituted phenyl typically include: methylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, trimethylphenyl, ethylphenyl, diethylphenyl, isopropylphenyl, tert-butylphenyl, di-tert-butylphenyl or methyl di-tertbutylphenyl. The number of alkyl groups is preferably 1 to 3, typically 1 or 2. The total number of carbon atoms of all alkyl substituents is preferably 1 to 12, more particularly 1 to 6.

In particularly preferred compounds of formula I, R2 is in meta-position to Rp The especially preferred meaning of R, and R2 is alkyl, more particularly Cl-4alkyl.

Useful compounds of formula I are those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-18alkA, CS-12CYCloalky], phenyl or Cl4alkyl-substituted phenyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2 and A, when n = 1, is Cl-30alkyl, CS-12cycloalkyl or C2- 18alkyl which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -0-, and, when n = 2, is a direct bond, Cl-12alkylene or C2-12alkylene which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -0-, and R is Cl-12alkyl or phenyl.

Preferred compounds of formula I are those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, CS-7cycloalkyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2, and A is Cl-18alkyl or phenyl-Cl4alkyl or Cl-12alkylene.

Particularly preferred compounds of formula I are those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, CS-7CYCloalkyl or phenylCl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 and A is Cl-18alkyl or phenylCl-4alkyl.

Compounds of formula I meriting special interest are those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, n is 1 or 2, and A is Cl-18alkyl, phenyl-Cl-4alkyl or Cl-8alkylene, and also those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl_8alkyl, n is 1 or 2, and A is Cl-18alkyl or Cl-8alkylene, especially those wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, n is 1 and A is Cl-18alkyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl.

The compounds of formula 1 are admirably suitable for stabilising organic materials against light-induced, thermal and/or oxidative degradation. Accordingly, the invention also relates to compositions comprising an organic material which is susceptible to such degradation reactions and at least one compound of fbimula 1, and to the use of compounds of formula I as stabilisers for protecting organic materials against the aformentioned kinds of degradation. Exemplary of such materials are:

1. Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins, for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polybut- I -ene, polymethylpent- I -ene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, as well as polymers of cycloolefins, for example of cyclopentene or norbornene, polyethylene (which can be uncrosslinked or crosslinked), for example high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE and linear low density polyethylene (LIDPE).

2. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1), for example mixtures of polypropylene with polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (for example PP/HDPE, PP/LDPE) and mixtures of different types of polyethylene (for example LDPE/1-EDPE).

3. Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers, for example ethylene/propylene copolymers linear low density polye.+hylene (LLDPE) and mixtures thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-l-ene copolymers, ethylenelhexene c9polymers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate or ethylene/acryhc acid copolymers and their salts (ionomers), as well as terpolymers of ethylene with propylene and a diene such as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidenenorbomene; and also mixtures of such copolymers with each other and with polymers mentioned in 1) above, for example polypropylene/ethylene propylene copolymers, LDPE/EVA, LDPE/EAA, LLDPE/EVA and LLDPE/EAA.

3a. Random or alternating copolymers of a-olefins with carbon monoxide.

3b. Hydrocarbon resins (for example (:-C9), including hydrogenated modifications thereof (for example tackifiers).

4. Polystyrene, poly-(p-methylstyrene), poly-(a-methylstyrene).

5. Copolymers of styrene or a-methylstyrene with dienes or acrylic derivatives, for example styrenef[chjbutadiene, stymne/acrylonitrile, styrene/alkylmethacrylate, styrene/butadiene/alkylacrylate, styrene/ maleic anhydride, stwene/acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate; mixtures of high impact strength from styrene copolymers and another polymer, for example from a polyacrylate, a diene polymer or an ethylene/propylene/diene terp6lymer; and block copolymers of styrene, for example styrenelbutadiene/styrene, styrenefisoprene/styrene, styrene/ethylenelbutylenelstyrene or styrene/ethylene/propylene/styrene.

6. Graft copolymers of styrene or a-methylstyrene, for example styrene on polybutadiene, styrene on polybutadiene/styrene or polybutadiene/acrylonitrile; styrene and aciylonitrile (or methacrylonitrife) on polybutadiene; styrene and maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene, styrene and alkyl acrylates or methacrylates on polybutadiene, styrene and acrylonitlile on ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymers, styrene and acrylonitrile on polyalkylacrylates or polyalky1methacrylates, styrene and acrylonitrile on acrylate/butadiene copolymers, as well as mixtures thereof with the copolymers listed under 5), for example the copolymer mixtures known as ABS, MBS, ASA or AES polymers.

7. Halogenated polymers such as polychloroprene, chlorinated rubbers, chlorinated or sulfcchlorinated polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo- and copolymers, preferably polymers of halogenated vinyl compounds, for example poly- vinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, as well as copolymers thereof, for example vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers.

8. Polymers derived from cc,p-unsaturated acids and derivatives thereof, such as polyacrylates and polymethacrylates, polyacrylamides and polyacrylonitriles.

9. Copolymers of the monomers mentioned under 8) with each other or with other unsaturated monomers, for example acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile/alkylacrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile/lkoxyalkylacrylate or acrylonitrile/vinyl halide copolymers or acrylonitrile/alkylmethacrylate/butadiene terpolymers.

10. Polymers derived from unsaturated alcohols and amines or the acyl derivatives or acetals thereof, such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl stearate, polyvinyl benzoate, polyvinyl maleate, polyvinylbutyrate, polyallyl phthalatle or polyally1melamine; as well as their copolymers with the olefins mentioned in 1) above.

11. Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic ethers such as polyalkylene glycols, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide or copolymers thereof with bisglycidyl ethers.

12. Polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene and those polyoxymethylenes which contain ethylene oxide as a comonomer, polyacetals modified with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acrylates or MBS.

13. Polyphenylene oxides and sulfides and mixtures thereof with polystyrene or polyamides.

14. Polyurethanes which are derived from polyethers, polyesters or polybutadienes carrying terminal hydroxyl groups on the one hand and aliphatic: or aromatic polyisocyanates on the other, as well as precursors thereof.

15. Polyamides and copolyamides which are derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids andl[ch]or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams, such as polyamide 4, polyarnide 6, polyamide 6/6, 6/10, 6/9, 6/12 and 4/6, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides obtained by condensation of m-xylene, diamine and adipic acid, polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic and/or terephthalic acid, with or without an elastomer as modifier, for example poly-2,4,4, tdmethylhexamethylene tereplithalamide or poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide; block copolymers of the aforementioned polyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers or chemically bonded or grafted elastomers; or with polyethers, for example with polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol; and also polyamides or copolyamides modified with EPDM or ABS, and polyamides condensed during processing (RIM polyamide systems).

16. Polyureas, polyimides and polyamide-imides and polybenzimidazoles.

17. Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and/or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1,4dimethylolcyclohexane tereplithalate, po lyhydroxybenzoates as well as block-copolyether esters derived from hydroxyl-terminated polyethers; and also polyesters modified with polycarbonates or MBS.

18. Polyearbonates and polyester carbonates.

19. Polysulfones, polyether sulfones and polyether ketones.

20. Crosslinked polymers which are derived from aldehydes on the one hand and phenols, ureas and melamines on the other hand, such as phenol/formaldehyde resins, urealfonnaldehyde resins and melamine/formaldehyde resins.

21. Drying and non-drying alkyd resins.

22. Unsaturated polyester resins which are derived from copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, and also halogen-containing modifications thereof of low flammability.

23. Crosslinkable acrylic resins derived from substituted acrylic esters such as epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates or polyester acrylates.

24. Alkyd resins, polyester resins or acrylate resins which are crosslinked with melamine resins, urea resins, polyisocyanates or epoxy resins.

25. Crosslinked epoxy resins which are derived from polyepoxides, for example from bisglycidyl ethers or from cycloaliphatic diepoxides.

26. Natural polymers such as cellulose, rubber, gelatine and chemically modified homologous derivatives thereof such as cellulose acetates, cellulose propionates and cellulose butyrates, or the cellulose ethers, such as methylcellulose; as well as rosins and their derivatives.

27. Mixtures (polyblends) of the aforementioned polymers, for example PP/EPDM, Polyamide 6/EP13M or ABS, PVCIEVA, PVS/ABS, PVC/MBS, PC/ABS, P13TPIABS, PC/ASA, PC/PBT, PVC/CPE, PVC/acrylates, POM/thermoplastic PUR, PC/thennoplastic PUR, POM/acrylate, POM/MBS, PPE/TWS, PPE/PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA/HDPE, PA/PP, PA/PPE.

28. Naturally occurring and synthetic organic materials which are pure monomeric compounds or mixtures of such compounds, for example mineral oils, animal and vegetable fasts, oil and waxes, or oils, fats and waxes based on synthetic esters (e.g. plithalates, adipates, phosphates or trimellitates) and also the mixtures of synthetic esters with mineral oils in any weight ratios which are used as spinning compositions, as well as aqueous emulsions of such materials.

29. Aqueous emulsions of natural or synthetic rubber, for example natural latex or latices of carboxylated styrene/butadiene copolymers.

The compositions of this invention conveniently contain the compounds of formula I in an amount of 0.0 1 to 10, typically 0.05 to 5, preferably 0. 05 to 3 and, 0. 1 to 2 %, by weight. The compositions may contain one or more of the compounds of formula I, and the percentages by weight are based on the total amount of said compounds. The computation is based on the total weight of the organic material without the compounds of fonnula. I.

Incorporation in the organic materials can be effected by blending them with, or by application thereto, of the compounds of formula I and further optional additives by methods which are commonly employed in the art. If the organic materials are polymers, especially synthetic polymers, the incorporation can be effected before or during the fabrication of shaped articles or by applying the dissolved or dispersed compounds to the polymer, with or without subsequent evaporation of the solvent. In the case of elastomers, these may also be stabilised as lattices. A further means of incorporating the compounds of formula I in polymers consists in adding them before, during or directly after the polymerisation of the corresponding monomers or before crosslinking. The compounds of formula I can also be added in encapsulated form (e.g. in waxes, oils or polymers). If the compounds of formula I are added before or during polymerisation, they can also act as regulators for the chain length of the polymers (chain terminators). The compounds of formula I or mixtures thereof can also be added in the form of a masterbatch which contains these compounds to the synthetic resins to be stabilised, typically in a concentration of 2.5 to 25 % by weight.

The compounds of formula I can conveniently be incorporated by the following techniques: as emulsion or dispersion (e.g. to lattices or emulsion polymers) as dry mixture while blending additional components or polymer mixtures by direct addition to the processing apparatus (e.g. extruder, internal mixer and the like) as solution or melt.

Polymer compositions of this invention can be used in different form and processed to different products, for example sheets, filaments, ribbons, moulded articles, profiles or as binders for paints and varnishes, adhesives or putties.

The organic materials to be protected are preferably natural, semisynthetic or, especially, synthetic polymers. It is especially useful to protect thermoplastic resins, preferably polyolefins. In this connection, the excellent effect of the compounds of formula I as processing stabilisers (heat stabilisers) is to be singled out for special mention. To this end they are conveniently added before or during the processing of the polymer. It is, however, also possible to stabilise other polymers (e.g. elastomers) or lubricants and hydraulic fluids against degradation, such as light-induced andlor thennal oxidative degrad,-tion. Examples of elastomers will be found among the above list of possible organic materials.

The suitable lubricants and hydraulic fluids are based, for example, on mineral or synthetic oils or mixtures thereof. The lubricants are known to the skilled person and described in the pertinent technical literature, for example in Dieter Klamann, "Schmierstoffe und verwandte Produkte" (Lubricants and Related Products), Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1982, in Schewe-Kobek, "Das Schmiermittel-Taschenbuch" (The Lubricant Handbook), Dr. Alfred Hijthig-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1974 and in "Ullmanns Enzyklopddie der technischen Chemie" (Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry), Vol. 13, pages 85-94 (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1977).

The invention further relates to a process for protecting organic material against oxidative, thermal and/or actinic degradation, which comprises incorporating in, or applying to, said material compounds of formula I as stabilisers.

In addition to the novel compounds, the compositions of this invention, especially if they contain organic, preferably synthetic, polymers, may contain other conventional additives.

Illustrative examples of such further additives are:

1. Antioxidants 1. 1. Alkylated monophenols, for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tertbutyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di- tert-butyl-4-nbutylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6- dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(oc-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tertbutyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methyl- phenol.

1.2. ALkylated hydroquinones. for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4methoxyphenol, 2,5-ditert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxy- phenol.

1.3. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers for example 2,2'-thiobis(6-tertbutyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tertbutyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol).

1.4. ALkylidenebisphenols for example 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl7.4methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-buty1-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'methylenebis[4-inethyl-6-((x-methylcyclohexyl)phenol], 2,2'methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-rnethylenebis(6-nonyl-4methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4isobutylphenol), 2,Tmethylenebis[6-((x-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenoll, 2,2'methylenebis[6-(cc,(x-dimethylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenoll, 4,4'-methylenebis(2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1, 1-bis(S-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylpheny1)butane, 2,6-bis(3-tert-butylS-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tds(S-tertbutyl-4-hydroxy2-methylphenyl)butane, 1,1-bis(S-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-ndodecylmercaptobutane, ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3'-tert-butyl-4'hydroxyphenyl)butyrate], bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5methylphenyl)dicyclopentadiene, bis[2(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'methylbenzyl)-6-tert-butyl-4methylphenyl] terephthalate.

1.5. Benzvl compounds, for example 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6trimethylbenzene, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, isooctyl 3,5-di-tertbutyl-4hydroxybenzylmercaptoacetate, bis(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6dimethylbenzyl) dithiolterephthalate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, dioctadecyl 3,5-ditert-butyl-4hydroxybenzylphosphonate, calcium salt of monoethyl. 3,5-di-tert-butyl4hydroxybenzylphosphonate, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate.

1.6. Acylaminophenols, for example 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4hydroxystearanilide, 2,4bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4hydroxyanilino)-s-triazine, octyl N-(3,5-di-tertbutyl-4hydroxyphenyl)carbamate.

1.7. Esters of B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. with methanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxalodiamide.

1.8. Esters of B-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. with methanol, diethylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxalodiarnide.

1.9. Esters of B-(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)T)ropionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, e.g. with methanol, diethylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxalodiamide.

1. 10. Amides of 8-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxyl)henvl)l)rol)ionic acid e. g. N,Wbis(3,5di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexamethylenediamine, N,Wbis(3,5di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)triinethylenediainine, N,Wbis(3,5-di-tertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine.

2. UV absorbers and light stabilisers 2.1. 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles, for example the Y-methyl, 3',5'di-tert-butyl, 5'-tert-butyl, 5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl), 5-chloro-3', 5'-di-tert-butyl, 5-chloro3'-tert-butyl-5'-methyl, Y-sec- butyl-5'-tertbutyl, 4'-octoxy, Y,Y-di-tert-amyl and 3',5'-bis(a,a-dimethylbenzyl) derivative.

2.2. 2-Hydroxybenzophenones, for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4octoxy, 4-decyloxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy and Thydroxy-4,4'dimethoxy derivative.

2.3. Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, for example, 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoylresorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)-resorcinol, benzoylresorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

2.4. Acrylates, for example ethyl (x-cyano-o,p-diphenylacrylate, isooctyl cc-cyano- 0,p-diphenylacrylate, methyl a-carbornethoxycinnamate, methyl a-cyano-o- methyl-pmethoxy-cinnamate, butyl a-cyano-o-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methyl oc-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamate and N-(0-carbomethoxy-p- cyanovinyl)-2-methylindoline.

2.5. Nickel compounds, for example nickel complexes of 2,2'-thio-bis[4-(1, 1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoll, such as the 1: 1 or 1:2 complex, with or without additional ligands such as n-butylamine, triethanolamine or Ncyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylben2VI-phosphonic acid monoalkyl esters, e.g. of the methyl or ethyl ester, nickel complexes of ketoximes, e.g. of 2hydroxy-4-methyl-phenyl undecyl ketoneoxime, nickel complexes of 1-phenyl4lauroyl-S-hydroxypyrazole, with or without additional ligands.

2.6. Sterically hindered arnines, for example bis(2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl) sebacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentarnethylpiperidyl) n-butyl-3,5-&-tert-butyl-4hydroxy-benzylmalonate, the condensation product of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinic acid, the condensation product of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetrainethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-tdazine, ten-,dds(2,2,6,6tetramethyl-4piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetraoate, 1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(3,3,5,5-tetramethylpiperazinone), bis(2,2,6,6tetrwnethylpiperidyl)succinate, bis(l-octyloxy-2,2,6, 6tetramethylpiperidyl)sebacate.

2.7. Oxalyl diamides, for example 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'dioctyloxy-5,5'di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloyy-5,5'-di-tertbutoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3dimethylarninopropyl)oxalamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl2'-ethyloxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide and mixtures of ortho- and para-methoxy-disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxydisubstituted oxanilides.

2.8. 2-(2-HydroWhenyl)-1,3,5-triazines, for example 2,4,6-tris(-zhydroxy4-octyloxyphenyl)- 1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxy-phenyl)-4,6bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-4,6bis(2, 4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl)-6(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-tdazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine.

13 - 3. Metal deactivators, for example N,W-diphenyloxalyl diamide, NsalicylalN'-salicyloylhydrazine, N,W-bis(salicyloyl)hydrazine, N,W-bis(3, 5-di-tertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloyl- amino- 1, 2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalic dihydrazide.

4. Phosphites and phosphonites, for example triphenyl phosphite, diphenylalkyl phosphites, phenyIdialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tds(2,4-di-te.-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tertbutylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene diphosphonite, 3,9-bis(2,4-ditert-butylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[S.Slundecane.

5. Compounds which decompose peroxide.. for example esters of Pthiodipropionic acid, for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis(p-dodecylmercapto)propionate.

6. Polyamide stabilisers, for example, copper salts in conjunction with iodides andlor phosphorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.

7. Basic co-stabilisers, for example, melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids for example calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate.

8. Nucleating agents, for example, 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid.

9. Fillers and reinforcing agents, for example calcium carbonate,silicates, glass fibres, asbestos, tale, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxydes, carbon black, graphite.

10. Other additives, for example, plasticisers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, fluorescent whitening agents, flameproofing agents, antistatic agents and blowing agents.

It is preferred to use the compounds of formula I with specific costabilisers. Co-stabilisers to be singled out for special mention are phenolic antioxidants (e.g. those listed above in items 1. 1 to 1. 10), stearates (e.g. those listed in item 7 above), phosphites and phosphonites (e.g. those listed in item 4 above) and benzofuran-2-one derivatives, in particular suitably those disclosed in US-A-4 325 863 and US-A-4 338 244, preferably those of formula W5 W4 0 W3 ICC / C 0 wherein W2 H R', R', is phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl radicals together containing not more than 18 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or chloro, W2 and W4 are each independently of the other alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or chloro, 0 W3 has the meaning of W2 or W4 or is a radical of formula -(CH2)-A-OR'6, X 0 0 11 -(CH --9-N(R' --(CH2x--u-A-u-i---CH -Ey 2 X 7)25, 2X 0 0 C) 0 0 ---(CH2--NR'8-A-NR'8-9--CH2x-E, ---CH2-),---NR'8-A-0-CH2-X-E, X X 0 0 0 --CH2)x-k-- N \--/ N---Cx E, -CH2-S-R'9, -CH(C6H5)-C-OR'6 or -D-E, wherein W6 is hydrogen, lkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms which is interrupted by oxygen or sulfur, dialkylaminoalkyl containing a totall of 3 to 16 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by 1 to 3 alkyl radicals together containing not more than 18 carbon atoms, xis 0, 1 or2, the substituents W7 are each independently of the other hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl which is substituted by 1 or 2 alkyl radicals together containing not more than 16 carbon atoms, a radical of formula 0 -C2H40H, -C2H4-0-C,H2,,,,, or -C,2H4-0-6-R'10, or, together with the linking nitrogen atom, form a piperidino or morpholino radical, m is 1 to 18, W10 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 22 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, A is alkylene of 2 too 22 carbon atoms which may be interrupted by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, W8 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, phenyl which is substituted by 1 or 2 alkyl radicals which together contain not more than 16 carbon atoms or benzyl, W9 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, D 'S -0-, -S-, -SO-, -S02- or -QW1 1)2-, the substituents R', 1 are each independently of the other alkyl of together not more than 0 16 carbon atoms, phenyl or a radical of formula ----(CH2)-:---OR'6 or X 0 ---(CH2)---N(R'7)2, wherein x, W6 and W7 have the given meanings, X E is a radical of formula R' U W4 0 1 / co ' c 1 2 H / \ R', wherein R',, W2 and W4 have the given meanings, and R's is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cyclopentyl. cyclohexyl, chloro or a radical 0 0 of formula -CH2-6-OR' or -CH II-N(W wherein W6 and W7 have the given 6 2- C 7)2, meanings, or R's together with W4 forms a tetramethylene radical.

The compounds of formula I can be prepared by standard methods employed in chemistry, for example by nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atom in cyclic diaryl phosphorochlorodites of formula H with organometallic reagents: R n R3 R, 0 p - Cl + AMn io (1) + n MC1 I 0 R, R2 (11) where M is preferably Li, MgX or ZnX (X = Cl, Br, I). The substitution can be carried out in the temperature range from -601C to +1501C, preferably from -10'C to +70'C. Suitable solvents are typically ethers such as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethoxyethane as well as mixtures of ethers and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and petroleum ether fractions and the like. The diarylphosphorochlorodite and the organometallic reagent are conveniently used in equivalent amounts. A small excess of organometallic reagent can also be used, for example a 1.05- to 1. 1 -fold excess.

1 The compounds of formula II are prepared by methods which are known per se, for R.;, R, 0 H R3 001 H R, R2 example by reacting 2,2'-alkylidene bisphenols of formula 111 (III) with phosphorus trichloride in an inert aprotic solvent in the temperature range from 20 to 20WC.

Bisphenols of formula M can also be used direct for the preparation of compounds of formula I by reacting them with phosphorus compounds of formula A-PC12 or ATC12)2 in the presence of an organic base. The phenols of formula HI are known or can be readily obtained by standard methods.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following Examples in which, and also throughout the description, unless otherwise indicated, all parts and percentages are by weight.

Example 1: Preparation of 2,10-dimethyl-4,8-di-tert-buiyl-6-n-cc!yl-12Hdibenzo- fd,gl r 1,3,2]dioxaphosT)hocin a) A 1.5 1 sulfonation flask equipped with condenser, thermometer and stirrer is charged with 340.2 g of 2,2'-methylenebis-(4-methyl-6-tert- butylphenol), 96 nil of phosphorus trichloride, 170 nil of o- dichlorobenzene and 7.8 g of triphenylphosphine and the mixture is heated to 5TC, whereupon HCI evolves. After 1.5 h at this temperature, the reaction mixture is heated to 17TC and stirred for about 1 h while introducing a weak stream of nitrogen. After cooling to 50T, 200 mI of hexane are added, whereupon the product starts to crystallise. The batch is cooled to room temperature and the precipitate is collected by suction filtration, washed with 2 x 50 ml of hexane and dried at 50'C under vacuum. Yield: 307 g (76 % of theory) of 2,10-dimethyl-4,8-di-tert-butyl6-chloro-12H-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphccin, m.p. 163-165'C.

b) Under nitrogen, 2.95 g of magnesium turnings are placed in a 250 ml 3necked flask equipped with thermometer, condenser, dropping funnel and nitrogen inlet. Ile Grignard reaction is initiated by heating briefly with about 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1 ml of 1-octyl chloride. After dilution with 30 ml of TBF, another 19.7 g of 1-octyl chloride in 20 ml of TBF are added dropwise such that a gentle reflux is maintained. When the addition is complete, the brown solution is stirred for about I hour at room temperature. The concentration of the Grignard compound is about 1.45 mol/I (determined by titration).

c) Under nitrogen, 47 g of 2, 1 0-dimethyl-4,8-di-tert-butyl-6-chloro12H-dibenzo[d,g][1,3,2]dioxaphosphocin (a) are suspended in 120 mITBF in a 500 ml 3-necked flask equipped with thermometer, magnetic stirrer and septum. After cooling to about 5'C, the solution obtained in b) is added under nitrogen pressure by means of a double-ended injection needle. The cooling bath is removed and the reaction mixture is stired for 15 minutes at room temperature. Then about 6 ml of an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate are added and the grey suspension is clarified by filtration over fuller's earth. The resultant solution is concentrated by evaporation and the residue is recrystallised from 70 ml of isopropanol, affording 50.1 g (89 % of theory) of the title compound in the form of a white powder of m.p: 72-74'C.

Examples 2-15

The compounds listed in Tables 1, 2 and 3 are prepared in accordance with the general procedure described in Example 1.

Table 1

R2 C(CH3)3 0 CH2 1 P-A 0 C(CH3)3 R2 Elemental analysis Example R2 A Yield M.P. [C] P cal. P found (%') CH3 n-C81-117 89% 72-4 6.42 5.90 2 CH3 CH3 62% 205-7 8.06 8.08 3 CH3 n-C41-1.9 61% 130-2 7.26 7.20 4 CH3 n-C6HI3 66% 95-9 6.81 6.77 CH3 n-C12H25 85% 54-7 5.75 5.53 6 CH3 n'C14H29 85% 53-8 5.46 5.36 7 CH3 n-C,81-137 70% 65 4.97 4.95 8 CH3 -(CH2)3-Ph 90% 160-4 6.34 6.24 9 C(CH3)3 n-C12H25 91% 105-9 4.97 4.89 C(CH3)3 n-C14H29 72% 110-6 4.76 4.73 Ph denotes phenyl Table 2

C CH3)3 C(CH.9)3 00 CH.3 P-A 1 1 0 C(CH3)3 C(CH3)3 Elemental analysis Example A Yield ni.p. [C] P cal. P found 11 n-C8H17 42% 145-9 5.33 5.26 12 n-Cl2H25 65% 170-2 4.86 4.72 13 n-Cl8H37 46% 70-2 4.30 4.38 Table 3

R2 0 R3 0 R2 C(CH3)3 X 1 P-A Elemental analysis Ex. R2 R3 A Yield M.P. [C] cal. (%) I P found 14 CH3 H -(CH2)6- 84% 241-4 7.60 7.29 C(CH3)3 CH3 -(CH2)6- 86% 290-4 6.08 5.75 Example 17: Stabilisation of polypropylene 1.3 kg of polypropylene powder (melt index 3.2 g/10 min, measured at 230'C/2.16 kg) are blended with 0.05 % of calcium stearate, 0.05 % of tetrakis[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyloxymethyl]methane and 0.05 % of stabiliser listed in Table 4. This blend is extruded at 100 rpm in an extruder having a cylinder diameter of 20 mrn and a length of 400 mm, the three heating zones being adjusted to 260'C, 270'C and 280C respectively. The extrudate is cooled by drawing it through a water bath and then granulated. The granulate is extruded a second and a third time. After these three extrusions, the melt index is measured at 230'C/2.16 kg. The results are reported in Table 4.

Table 4:

Compound of Melt index Example [g/10 min] - 17.8 1 3.2 2 5.1 3 3.8 4 4.1 4.1 6 5.1 7 3.1 8 4.1 9 4.0 5.9 11 4.2 12 4.3 13 5.7 14 4.0 4.6 Example 18: Stabilisation of polyethylene 100 parts of unstabilised high- density polyethylene in powder form having a molecular weight of about 500 000 are dry blended with 0.05 part of tetrakis[3,5-di-tert-butyl4hydroxyphenylpropionyloxymethyllmethane and 0. 1 part of stabiliser listed in Table 5. The blends are kneaded for 50 minutes in a Brabender plastograph at 220'C and 50 rpm. During this time the kneading resistance is registered continuously as torque. The crosslinking of the polymer causes a rapid increase in the torque during the kneading time after initial constancy. The effectiveness of the stabilisers is expressed in a lengthening of the constancy time. The values obtained are reported in Table 5.

Table 5

Example Time in min.

until increase in torque - 5 1 33 2 32 3 27 4 21.5 18.5 6 21 7 18 8 19 9 23.5 18 11 18 12 15 13 14.5 14 19.5 1

Claims (22)

1. What is claimed is:

   R2 R, R 0 P-A R3 1 0 n R, R2 1. A compound of formula I wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-18alkyl, CS- 12cycloalkyl, phenyl or Cl-4alkyl-substituted phenyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2, and A, when n = 1, is Cl-30alkyl, CS-12cycloalkyl, phenyl-Cl-4alkyl or C2-18alkyl which is interrupted by - NR-, -S- or -0-, and, when n = 2, is a direct bond, Cl-12alkylene or C2- 12alkylene which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -0-, where R is Cl- 12alkyl or phenyl.
2. 2. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-18alkA CS-12Cycloalkyl, phenyl or Cl-4alkylsubstituted phenyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2 and A, when n = 1, is Cl-30alkyl, CS-12CYCI0alkYl Or C2-18alkyl which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -0-, and, when n = 2, is a direct bond, Cl-12alkylene or C2-12alkylene which is interrupted by -NR-, -S- or -0-, where R is Cl-12alkyl or phenyl.
3. 3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, CS-7cycloalkyl or phenyl-Cl-4alkyl, R3 is hydrogen or methyl, n is 1 or 2, and A is Cl-18alkyl or phenyl-CI4alkyl or Cl-12alkylene.
4. 4. A compound according to claim 3, wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, CS, dro -7cycloalkyl or phenyl-dl-4alkyl, R3 is hy gen or methyl, n is 1 and A 'S Cl-18alkyl or phenyl-CI-4alkyl.
5. 5. A compound according to claim 3, wherein R, and R2, are each independently of the other Cl-8alkyl, n is 1 or 2, and A is Cl-18alkyl, phenyl-Cl-4alkyl or Cl-8alkylene.

   1
6. 6. A compound according to claim 4, wherein R, and R2 are each independently of the other Cl-8 alkyl and A is Cl-18 alkyl or phenyl-CI-4 alkyl.
7. 7. A compositioncomprising an organic material which is susceptible to degradation and at least one compound of formula I as claimed in any of the preceding claims.
8. 8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein the organic material is a natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic polymer.
9. 9. A composition according to claim 7, wherein the organic mateilal is a syntctic polymer.
10. 10. A composition according to claim 9, wherein the polymer is a thermoplastic polymer.

    Z5
11. 11. A composition according to claim 10, wherein the polymer is a polyolefin.
12. 12. A composition according to any of claims 7 to 11, which comprises at least one further additive selected from the group consisting of phosphites and phosphonites, phenolic antioxidants, stearates and substituted benzofuran-2-ones.
13. 13. Use of a compound of formula I as claimed in any of the preceding claims for stabilising organic material which is susceptible to oxidative, thermal and/or actinic degradation.
14. 14. Use according to claim 13 for stabilising a natural, semi-synethic or synthetic polymer.
15. 15. Use according to claim 14 for stabilising a thermoplastic polymer.
16. 16. Use according to claim 15 for stabilising a polyolefin.
17. 17. A process for stabilising organic material against oxidative, thermal and/or actinic degradation, which comprises incorporating in, or applying to, said material a compound of formula I as claimed in any of the preceding claims as stabiliser.

    tP
18. 18. A process according to claim 17 for stabilising a synthetic polymer.
19. 19. A process according to claim 18 for stabilising a polyolefin.
20. 20. A compound according to claim 1, substantially as described in any of Examples 1 to 0 15.
21. 21.A composition according to claim 11, substantially as described in Example 17 or 18.
22. 22. A process according to claim 17, substantially as described in Example 17 or 18.

    1