GB2188922A - Self-setting cementitious compositions - Google Patents
Self-setting cementitious compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2188922A GB2188922A GB08608715A GB8608715A GB2188922A GB 2188922 A GB2188922 A GB 2188922A GB 08608715 A GB08608715 A GB 08608715A GB 8608715 A GB8608715 A GB 8608715A GB 2188922 A GB2188922 A GB 2188922A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- sio2
- cao
- capsule according
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 retarders Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 101100023547 Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense (strain DSM 6361 / JCM 21280 / NBRC 15271 / MSR-1) mm22 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEBWQGVWTUSTLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmercury acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Hg]C1=CC=CC=C1 XEBWQGVWTUSTLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100021587 Embryonic testis differentiation protein homolog A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000898120 Homo sapiens Embryonic testis differentiation protein homolog A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010458 rotten stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
- E21D20/023—Cartridges; Grouting charges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
- F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
- F16B13/143—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A capsule contains in separate compartments the interactive components of a self-setting composition which comprise as base component a paste of high alumina cement, retarders, water, and a source of CaO and SiO2 - e.g. preferably granulated blast furnace slag or alternatively fly ash, silica fume, a pozzolan or diatomaceous earth; and as a catalyst component a paste of lime, water and a water-soluble lithium salt. When reacted the components form a set cement containing hydrated phases typical of an OPC.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Capsules of self-setting cementitious compositions
The invention relates to capsules containing the interactive components of a self-setting composition, the components being housed in separate compartments until the capsule is broken. Such a capsule may be used for example to anchor an element in a borehole, e.g. in a mine gallery roof.
Capsules of this class are known, and they fall into different types dependent on the nature of the self-setting composition. The composition may be organic as in the case of polyester systems or inorganic as in the case of cementitious systems. This invention is concerned with capsules containing a cementitious system the interactive components of which comprise a cement and water or cement and a catalyst therefor.
The components are typically a base component (the cement) and a catalyst component.
A cementitious composition may be based on Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). This has the disadvantage of a slow rate of set. There is claimed in our European patent 0113593 (case CPB139) a capsule containing a cementitious composition based on high alumina cement (HAC) the rate of set of which can be controlled. The use of HAC has its limitations, in particular a tendency for the hydrated cement to undergo HAC conversion which may lead to problems caused by loss of strength.
It is an object of this invention to provide a capsule containing a cementitious composition which has the advantages of the use of HAC without the disadvantages. In particular, a long shelf life and controlled rate of set, without any substantial deterioration in the ultimate strength or other adverse effect.
The invention is based on the realisation that the incorporation in the base component of a filler which is substantially inert with respect to the other ingredients of the base component but which will be activated by the catalyst component when the components are mixed, will secure these advantages.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a frangible capsule containing in separate compartments the interactive components of a self-setting cementitious composition, one component being a base component and comprising high alumina cement, retarders and water, and the other component being a catalyst component and comprising lime, an accelerator and water, is characterised in that the base component also includes CaO and SiO2 in sufficient quantities such that on hydration of the cement, the hydrate phases of a hydrated Portland cement are found.
The CaO and SiO2 may be provided by separate sources or a single source may be used. Preferred single sources are pulverised fly ash, silica fume and pozzolans such as Tripoli (available in the USA) and diatomaceous earths. It is a much preferred feature of the invention that the additives are supplied in a form which is non reactive with water, and for this purpose we prefer to use ground granulated blast furnace slag.
The ground granulated blast furnace slag preferably has a minimum fineness of 275m2/kg, and a bulk density of 1200 kg m -3 and an approximiate specific gravity of 2.9. Such slags are made from rapidly cooled blast furnace slag which is the ground to the degree of fineness indicated.
The hydrated phases in a set OPC cement are (cement chemistry notation) typically
CSH
C4AH13
Ca(OH)2
C2ASH8 whereas in a set HAC cement the hydrated phases are typically
CAH10
C2AH8
C3AH6
C2ASH8 (minor amount).
It is a surprising feature of the invention that by adding sources of CaO and SiO2 in sufficient quantities to an
HAC cement the hydrated phases typical of an OPC are formed. The effect is illustrated in the oxide composition diagram of the accompanying drawing. The three main oxides which occur in cement systems are CaO (lime), Al203 (alumina) and SiO2 (silica). It will be seen that the oxide phases in the OPC and in the slag are relatively low in AI2O3, whereas that of the HAC is high. According to the invention by adding slag in sufficient quantity to the HAC, the set cement has an oxide composition more typical of OPC.
Blast furnace slag is a well known reactive filler often used in OPC compositions. So far as we are aware, no-one has previously proposed its use in a HAC composition, probably because its rate of reactivity conferred no benefit. The use of this filler in the base component containing the HAC and the isolation of these two materials from a catalyst component which causes both to set is, in our view, both new and non-obvious.
The blast furnace slag may be of any known type, and derived from any commercial source. The particle size
may vary widely but the size should be related to that of the cement particles.
It is a surprising feature of the invention that the proportion of the blast furnace slag may be varied widely
relative to the HAC without substantially affecting the rate of set of the interacted self-setting composition. It is a preferred feature of the invention that the composition undergo an initial set within less than 15 minutes, ideally about 4 minutes. In our evaluations we have been able to use ratios from about 1:1 up to about 8:1 by weight and keep the rate of set within the preferred time scale.
One advantage of the capsule of the invention is the prolonged shelf life, of at least 6 months and often for a year.
The interacted components are capable of achieving initial set times between about 1 and 10 minutes, preferably about 3 to about 5 minutes. The set composition after 30 minutes, will have a shear strength of about 7.5N/mm2 and a compressive strength of about 17N/mm2.
The cementitious material in the composition is so-called high alumina cement. This material is known under a variety of names in different countries, for example "Cement Fondue" and "alumina cement" or "super alumina cement". The content of alumina in the cement varies from country to country, sometimes being as low as 30% and other times being over 77%. The invention is applicable to all such alumina cements.
The catalyst component most preferably comprises a catalyst for the cement together with a base material, such as lime. A catalyst for the high alumina cement is preferably a lithium derivative which is preferably lithium carbonate, lithium sulphate or lithium hydroxide. Any lithium salt may be used provided it is water soluble and compatible with the other ingredients. Trisodium nitrilotriacetate, which will prevent the lime from forming a thick paste, in a proportion of about 0.5 to 2 parts relative to the base, is preferably present.
As taught in our European patent publication 0113593 (my ref: CBP 139) sequestrants and the like may be present.
The base component preferably has a pH of the order of about 8.5. When components are mixed the set composition will have a pH of the order of about 11.
The composition may include other ingredients, e.g. water reducing agents, expanding agents, surfactants, colourants, latex emulsions, anti-foaming agents and plasticisers. Other accelerators may be present, e.g.
sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, calcium chloride, sodium hydroxide, ferrous sulphate, sulphuric acid, acetic acid, calcium sulphate, etc. A thixotropic, thickening agent or air entraining agent may be present if water bleed on storage and a loss of grout composition is to be minimised, a point especially important in overhead or fissured rock applications. Polymeric additives such as cellulose ethers,polyacrylamides and polyethylene oxides, or montmorillonite type clays may be present.
The capsule may be of any suitable shape so long as the two interactive components are housed in separate compartments for storage. When required and in known manner, an anchoring element is used to rupture the capsule, open the compartments and intermix the interactive components. The capsule may range from 20 to 40 mm in diameter and 200 to 600 mm in length, and may be used in boreholes ranging from about 25 mm to about 50 mm in diameter. The boreholes may be drilled in the wall or roof of a coal mine, gold mine, iron ore mine, quarry or civil engineering structures.
In order that the invention may be well understood, it will now be described by way of example with reference to the following examples, in which parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1 A catalyst component was made as a paste of ingredient parts slaked lime 53.1 water 35.4 lithium hydroxide 6.6 magnesium sulphate 2.7 trisodium 1.8 nitroloacetate citric acid 0.4
A range of base compositions were made up as shown in Table I. The compositions were stored for several months and then the interactive components mixed. The set times, shear strengths and compressive strengths were measured as shown in Tables II and Ill. From these results it is clear that the set composition has excellent characteristics.
Example Il Capsules according to selected formulations of Example I were made up and allowed to set in comparison with two commercially available capsules
- LOKSET LF6, according to patent publication EP0046037 (LOKSET is a registered trade mark.)
- EC PHIX W, available from Celtite Ltd., Alfreton, Derbyshire.
The shear strength and rate of strength development are shown in Tables IV and V respectively from which it can be seen that the capsules of the invention have much better properties.
TABLE I
Composition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 high alumina (control) cement 68.4 58.4 48.9 42.7 38.6 34.0 30.8 28.0 25.7 19.3 15.4 13.0 blast furnace slag (ground granulated 0 14.6 24.5 32.0 38.6 42.5 46.3 49.1 61.4 57.8 61.6 65.0 water 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 silica fume 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 zinc borae 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
DTA (sodium salt) 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 water soluble polymers 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
ETDA=ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid TABLE II
Set times and shear strengts of grouts
Composition Initial Shear strengths (N/mm2
No.Set (minutes) 1/2 Hr. 2 Hrs. 24 Hrs. 7 d. 28 d. 2 mnth 6 mnth 1 Control 4 7.5 9.3 11.1 16.8 21.2 25.6 28.9 2 3.1/2 6.6 8.5 12.1 18.1 24.1 26.7 30.9 3 3.1/2 6.0 8.2 12.0 19.6 24.0 25.4 31.2 4 3 5.8 7.8 12.5 19.6 23.1 27.2 29.4 5 3 5.0 6.7 11.6 18.8 23.2 26.5 33.4 6 3 4.6 5.6 12.5 17.0 22.9 25.7 28.3 7 2.1/2 4.1 4.9 11.5 16.9 22.5 27.4 34.2 8 2.1/2 3.7 4.6 10.4 16.4 21.7 25.8 29.8 9 2.1/2 3.0 4.5 10.0 15.6 20.8 28.8 29.3 10 5 1.6 3.5 7.1 16.1 20.3 276.8 30.2 11 6 1.1 2.5 5.0 13.0 19.0 24.0 29.4 12 7 0.9 2.1 4.3 11.6 18.9 22.4 28.6 TABLE III
Compressive strengths of grouts
Formulation Compressive strengths (N/mm22)
No.
1/2 Hr. 2 Hrs. 24Hrs. 7d. 28d. 2 month 6 month
1 Control 18.2 21.2 25.4 38.3 47.4 53.3 60.8
2 16.1 17.8 25.6 38.0 55.0 60.4 70.3
3 13.5 18.0 19.9 39.2 52.1 53.1 71.4
4 10.7 14.4 22.6 34.9 48.2 54.4 73.2
5 9.4 12.7 22.4 34.0 43.6 53.1 66.7
6 8.7 11.7 21.9 25.2 46.6 57.4 67.2
7 7.3 9.0 17.7 35.5 41.5 59.0 70.2
8 6.9 9.7 17.7 28.8 40.0 51.9 68.4
9 5.1 9.7 17.0 26.3 40.6 50.9 66.9 10 5.2 9.7 17.5 25.8 43.6 45.6 71.8 11 4.0 4.9 14.6 24.9 48.9 51.0 70.1 12 2.8 4.4 9.7 28.0 47.9 54.6 69.8
TABLE IV
Strength development rate of differing capsules Example II
Time after mixing
GROUT 15 m. 1/2 Hr. 1 Hr. 2 Hrs. 3 Hrs.
COMPOSITION 1
OF TABLE I 4.7 7.4 8.5 9.2 9.7
COMPOSITION 5
OF TABLE I 3.0 5.0 6.1 6.7 7.1
COMPOSITION 9
OF TABLE 1 1.9 3.0 4.0 4.7 5.3
LOKSET LF6 10.6 12.6 13.6 13.9 14.0
CELTITE
EC PHIXW 3.2 5.3 6.6 7.2 7.3
TABLE V
Strength of different capsules of Example II
Shear strengths (N/mm22)
GROUT 7DAY 28 DAY 2 MONTH
COMPOSITION 1 16.8 21.2 25.6
COMPOSITION 5 18.8 23.2 26.5
COMPOSITION 9 15.6 20.8 28.8
LOKSET LF6 15.0 15.0 15.0
CELTITE
EC PHIX W 9.0 9.0 9.0
Claims (10)
1. A frangible capsule containing in separate compartments the interactive components of a self-setting cementitious composition, one component being a base component and comprising high alumina cement, retarders and water, and the other component being a catalyst component and comprising lime and water, in which the base component includes both CaO and SiO2 in sufficient quantity such that when the interactive components are interacted the hydrate phases of a hydrated Portland cement are formed.
2. A capsule according to Claim 1, in which a single source of the CaO and SiO2 is present.
3. A capsule according to Claim 2, in which the CaO and SiO2 are provided by pulverised fly ash, silica fume, a pozzolan or diatomaceous earth.
4. A capsule according to any preceding Claim, in which the CaO and SiO2 are supplied as a material which is substantially non-reactive with water.
5. A capsule according to Claim 4, in which the CaO and SiO2 are provided by granulated blast furnace slag.
6. A capsule according to Claim 5, in which the granulated blast furnace slag has a minimum fineness of 275m2/Kg, a bulk density of 1200 Kgm-3 and an approximate specific gravity of 2.9.
7. A capsule according to any preceding Claim, in which the CaO and SiO2 are present in a combined weight ratio of from about 1:1 to about 8:1 relative to the high alumina cement.
8. A capsule according to any preceding Claim, in which the base component includes sufficient water to form a paste.
9. A capsule according to any preceding Claim, in which the catalyst component comprises lime, water and a water soluble lithium salt.
10. A frangible capsule containing in separate compartments the interactive components of a self setting composition, substantially as described herein.
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08608715A GB2188922A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1986-04-10 | Self-setting cementitious compositions |
| ZA872337A ZA872337B (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-03-31 | Capsules of high alumina cement composition |
| IN272/DEL/87A IN168168B (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-03-31 | |
| DE8787302896T DE3771257D1 (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-02 | CAPSULE CONTAINING TONER MELT CEMENT COMPOSITION. |
| EP19870302896 EP0241230B1 (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-02 | Capsules of high alumina cement compositions |
| ES87302896T ES2023657B3 (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-02 | CAPSULES OF CEMENT COMPOSITIONS WITH HIGH ALUMINA CONTENT. |
| US07/034,526 US4802922A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-03 | Capsules of high alumina cement compositions |
| AU71116/87A AU589260B2 (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-06 | Capsules of high alumina cement composition |
| NO871468A NO871468L (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-08 | CAPSEL CONTAINING REACTIVE COMPONENTS. |
| JP62087885A JPS6389440A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-09 | High alumina cement composition capsule and paste |
| CA 534306 CA1279662C (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-09 | Capsules of high alumina cement compositions |
| BR8701703A BR8701703A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1987-04-10 | FRANGIVEL CAPSULE AND CEMENT PASTE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08608715A GB2188922A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1986-04-10 | Self-setting cementitious compositions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8608715D0 GB8608715D0 (en) | 1986-05-14 |
| GB2188922A true GB2188922A (en) | 1987-10-14 |
Family
ID=10595966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08608715A Withdrawn GB2188922A (en) | 1986-04-10 | 1986-04-10 | Self-setting cementitious compositions |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6389440A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2188922A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA872337B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006075688A1 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Okabe Co., Ltd. | Anchor fixing agent, anchor fixing agent ampule, and method for fixing anchor |
| WO2017067953A1 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-27 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement and use thereof |
| US11267765B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-03-08 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Use of amorphous calcium carbonate in a fire-resistant inorganic mortar system based on aluminous cement to increase load values at elevated temperatures |
| US11858866B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2024-01-02 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Fire-resistant two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement for a fire-resistant chemical fastening of anchors and post-installed reinforcing bars and use thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10822284B2 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2020-11-03 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Stabilized aqueous suspension for initiating setting and hardening of aluminous cement compositions |
-
1986
- 1986-04-10 GB GB08608715A patent/GB2188922A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-03-31 ZA ZA872337A patent/ZA872337B/en unknown
- 1987-04-09 JP JP62087885A patent/JPS6389440A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006075688A1 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2006-07-20 | Okabe Co., Ltd. | Anchor fixing agent, anchor fixing agent ampule, and method for fixing anchor |
| EP1852404A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2007-11-07 | Okabe Co., Ltd. | Anchor fixing agent, anchor fixing agent ampule, and method for fixing anchor |
| EP1852404A4 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2010-10-06 | Adeka Corp | Anchor fixing agent, anchor fixing agent ampule, and method for fixing anchor |
| US8142110B2 (en) | 2005-01-14 | 2012-03-27 | Adeka Corporation | Anchor fixing agent, anchor fixing agent ampule, and method for fixing anchor |
| WO2017067953A1 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-27 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement and use thereof |
| EP3572388A1 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2019-11-27 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement and use thereof |
| US11214519B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement and use thereof |
| US11858866B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2024-01-02 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Fire-resistant two-component mortar system based on aluminous cement for a fire-resistant chemical fastening of anchors and post-installed reinforcing bars and use thereof |
| US11267765B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-03-08 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Use of amorphous calcium carbonate in a fire-resistant inorganic mortar system based on aluminous cement to increase load values at elevated temperatures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6389440A (en) | 1988-04-20 |
| GB8608715D0 (en) | 1986-05-14 |
| ZA872337B (en) | 1987-11-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |