GB1115532A - Improvements in or relating to electrodialysis process and apparatus - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to electrodialysis process and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- GB1115532A GB1115532A GB38342/65A GB3834265A GB1115532A GB 1115532 A GB1115532 A GB 1115532A GB 38342/65 A GB38342/65 A GB 38342/65A GB 3834265 A GB3834265 A GB 3834265A GB 1115532 A GB1115532 A GB 1115532A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- membranes
- whey
- brine
- liquids
- resistivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 4
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/50—Stacks of the plate-and-frame type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
- A23C9/144—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by electrical means, e.g. electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/422—Electrodialysis
- B01D61/423—Electrodialysis comprising multiple electrodialysis steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4604—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The overall resistance in an electro-dialysis cell for removing mineral salts from aqueous liquids, which are caused to flow through compartments defined by spaced anion and cation exchange resin membranes, is reduced by selecting membranes which differ in their porosities, as measured by their moisture holding capacities, by at least <PICT:1115532/C6-C7/1> 2%. Typical anion exchange resin membranes comprise quaternized copolymers of mono- and poly-vinyl aromatics while typical cation exchange resin membranes comprise sulphonated derivatives of similar copolymers, the anionic membranes having a porosity of 39 to 42% and the cationic membranes having a porosity of 44 to 49%. Liquids treated by the process include sugar syrups, gluten-containing liquids and proteinaceous liquids such as whey. As described, the cell comprises a stack of say 100 compartments formed by alternating anodic and cathodic membranes separated by polythene spacers. The anode and cathode of the cell are each provided in rinsing compartments defined by respectively anodic and cathodic membranes sandwiched between polythene grids, the grid adjacent the electrodes providing access for the rinsing liquid while the grid adjacent the treatment cells allows access of a brine or concentrating liquid. As shown, four stacks 41a to d are fed in series with whey pumped from a tank 42, the brine or concentrating liquid being fed from line 46 in parallel to each stack. The resistivity of the whey is measured before entering the stacks and the value recorded at 51 and used to control the action of a second controller-recorder 51 which when the resistivity of the brine return stream reaches a selected value opens a valve 59 which adds fresh water to the brine circulation system which has an overflow 49. As the resistivity of the whey increases during the operating cycle the applied voltage is increased via a control device 63 controlled by the recorder-controllers 51, 52.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US40465864A | 1964-10-19 | 1964-10-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1115532A true GB1115532A (en) | 1968-05-29 |
Family
ID=23600506
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB38342/65A Expired GB1115532A (en) | 1964-10-19 | 1965-09-08 | Improvements in or relating to electrodialysis process and apparatus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE670614A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1115532A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL137435C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010103068A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Production of high-purity suspensions containing precipitated silicas by electrodialysis |
| US9969628B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2018-05-15 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. | Electrodialysis |
-
1965
- 1965-09-08 GB GB38342/65A patent/GB1115532A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-10-01 NL NL6512787A patent/NL137435C/xx active
- 1965-10-07 BE BE670614D patent/BE670614A/xx unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010103068A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Production of high-purity suspensions containing precipitated silicas by electrodialysis |
| US9969628B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2018-05-15 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. | Electrodialysis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE670614A (en) | 1966-04-07 |
| NL6512787A (en) | 1966-04-20 |
| NL137435C (en) | 1973-05-15 |
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