FR2716406A1 - Thermoforming of swimming pool stairs - Google Patents
Thermoforming of swimming pool stairs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2716406A1 FR2716406A1 FR9402479A FR9402479A FR2716406A1 FR 2716406 A1 FR2716406 A1 FR 2716406A1 FR 9402479 A FR9402479 A FR 9402479A FR 9402479 A FR9402479 A FR 9402479A FR 2716406 A1 FR2716406 A1 FR 2716406A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- mold
- sheet
- thermoforming
- support frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
- E04H4/144—Means for facilitating access, e.g. step units or slides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/10—Forming by pressure difference, e.g. vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/78—Moulding material on one side only of the preformed part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
- B29K2105/128—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles in the form of a mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/769—Sanitary equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Procédé de fabrication nar thermoformaae d'une nièce. notamment d'un escalier. Pour Discine et l'installation de mise en oeuvre. Method of manufacturing nar thermoformaae of a niece. including a staircase. For Discine and the installation installation.
L'invention se ratache au secteur technique des accessoires de piscines. The invention relates to the technical sector of swimming pool accessories.
De plus en plus, les bassins de piscines sont réalisés au moyen de panneaux indépendants préfabriqués et obtenus par différents procédés. Ces panneaux sont convenablement assemblés entre eux d'une manière étanche, pour constituer le bassin en tant que tel, qui peut être réalisé selon différentes formes géométriques. Increasingly, swimming pools are made by means of prefabricated independent panels and obtained by different processes. These panels are suitably assembled together in a sealed manner, to constitute the basin as such, which can be produced according to different geometric shapes.
L'accès à l'intérieur du bassin peut s'effectuer par une échelle ou par un escalier, conformé soit pour etre monté en chevauchement des panneaux, soit pour être intégré auxdits panneaux. Access to the interior of the basin can be done by a ladder or by a staircase, shaped either to be mounted overlapping the panels, or to be integrated into said panels.
L'invention vise ce type d'escaliers qui, généralement, sont exécutés en grande dimension, en étant parfois susceptibles d'intégrer les éléments de filtration. La fabrication de ce type d'escaliers n'est pas satisfaisante. Généralement, ces escaliers sont réalisés en polyester. Un tel mode de fabrication n'est pas rationnel et ne permet pas d'obtenir des cadences de production élevées, de sorte qu'un tel mode de fabrication n'est pas réellement adapté pour l'industrie. The invention relates to this type of staircase which, generally, is executed in large dimensions, sometimes being capable of integrating the filtration elements. The manufacture of this type of staircase is not satisfactory. Generally, these stairs are made of polyester. Such a manufacturing method is not rational and does not allow high production rates to be obtained, so that such a manufacturing method is not really suitable for industry.
En outre, le polyester est une matière qui vieillit mal. In addition, polyester is a material that does not age well.
L'invention s'est fixée pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients, de manière simple, sure, efficace et rationnelle. The invention has set itself the aim of remedying these drawbacks in a simple, safe, efficient and rational manner.
Le problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de rationnaliser la fabrication de ce type de produit, en ayant pour objectif de diminuer les coûts et de réaliser des escaliers de grande dimension, de formes variées. The problem that the invention proposes to solve is to rationalize the manufacture of this type of product, with the aim of reducing costs and making large staircases, of various shapes.
Pour résoudre un tel problème, il a été conçu et mis au point un procédé de fabrication par thermoformage qui comprend les étapes successives suivantes:
- on positionne une plaque acrylique sur un cadre support,
- on soumet la plaque à une opération apte à lui conférer une certaine élasticité,
- on applique un moule, dont les formes et dimensions correspondent à la pièce à obtenir, contre la plaque,
- on soumet la plaque à une opération apte à la faire fortement plaquer sur les différentes formes du moule d'une manière étanche,
- on laisse refroidir la plaque maintenue plaquée contre le moule,
- on démoule et on ébavure la plaque thermoformée,
- on stocke la plaque thermoformée pendant la durée nécessaire à son retrait,
- on positionne la plaque thermoformée sur un élément conformateur, de forme complémentaire, de sorte que l'arrière de la plaque soit apparent,
- on projette sur l'arrière de la plaque thermoformée, après avoir appliqué un primaire d'adhérence, un mélange de résine et de verre,
- après stratification et polymérisation totale, on détoure la plaque thermoformée à la forme exacte de l'escalier à obtenir.To solve such a problem, a thermoforming manufacturing process has been designed and developed which includes the following successive steps:
- an acrylic plate is positioned on a support frame,
- the plate is subjected to an operation capable of giving it a certain elasticity,
- a mold is applied, the shapes and dimensions of which correspond to the part to be obtained, against the plate,
- the plate is subjected to an operation capable of causing it to be strongly pressed onto the different forms of the mold in a sealed manner,
- the plate kept pressed against the mold is allowed to cool,
- we unmold and deburr the thermoformed plate,
- the thermoformed plate is stored for the time necessary for its removal,
the thermoformed plate is positioned on a shaping element, of complementary shape, so that the rear of the plate is visible,
- a mixture of resin and glass is sprayed onto the back of the thermoformed plate, after applying an adhesion primer
- after stratification and total polymerization, the thermoformed plate is cut to the exact shape of the staircase to be obtained.
Un autre problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention, est de renforcer, dans le cas d'un escalier, les parties qui doivent etre le plus résistantes, à savoir les marches. Another problem which the invention proposes to solve is to reinforce, in the case of a staircase, the parts which must be the most resistant, namely the steps.
Pour résoudre ce problème, préalablement à l'application du mélange résine plus verre, on applique sur les parties constituant les marches, un renfort sous forme d'une feutrine notamment. To solve this problem, prior to the application of the resin plus glass mixture, a reinforcement in the form of a felt is applied to the parts constituting the steps.
Pour résoudre ce problème d'assurer l'assemblage de l'escalier avec les autres éléments constitutifs du bassin de la piscine, préalablement à l'application du mélange résine plus verre, on positionne, sur certaines parties de la plaque thermoformée, des éléments aptes à assurer l'assemblage de l'escalier avec les panneaux. To solve this problem of ensuring the assembly of the staircase with the other constituent elements of the swimming pool basin, prior to the application of the resin plus glass mixture, suitable elements are positioned on certain parts of the thermoformed plate. to assemble the staircase with the panels.
Pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, I'installation comprend
- un poste de chauffage,
- un poste de thermoformage,
- un cadre support agencé pour recevoir la plaque et apte à être déplacé entre les postes de chauffage et de thermoformage,
- un moule assujetti à des moyens élévateur pour l'amener contre la plaque posée sur le support,
- des moyens aptes à créer le vide pour appliquer fortement la plaque contre le moule.For the implementation of the process, the installation includes
- a heating station,
- a thermoforming station,
a support frame arranged to receive the plate and capable of being moved between the heating and thermoforming stations,
- a mold subjected to lifting means to bring it against the plate placed on the support,
- Means capable of creating a vacuum to strongly apply the plate against the mold.
L'invention est exposée, ci-après plus en détail à l'aide des dessins annexés, dans lesquels:
Les figure 1, 2, et 3 montrent les principales étapes du procédé de fabrication de l'escalier, notamment l'opération de thermoformage.The invention is set out below in more detail using the appended drawings, in which:
Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the main steps in the staircase manufacturing process, including the thermoforming operation.
La figure 4 montre l'application du mélange résine plus verre. Figure 4 shows the application of the resin plus glass mixture.
La figure 5 est une vue en coupe de l'escalier obtenu selon le procédé de l'invention. Figure 5 is a sectional view of the staircase obtained by the method of the invention.
La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une forme de réalisation, nullement limitative, d'un escalier obtenu selon les caractéristiques de l'invention. Figure 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment, in no way limiting, of a staircase obtained according to the characteristics of the invention.
Comme le montre la figure 2, I'installatiqn comprend un poste de chauffage (1) et un poste de thermoformage (2). Entre les postes (1) et (2), est monté, avec capacité de déplacement guidé en translation, un cadre support (3) destiné à recevoir une plaque acrylique (P). Ce cadre support (3) est par exemple assujetti à un chariot (6) monté sur des rails (7), pour assurer le transfert du poste (2) au poste (1) et inversement. Le déplacement du cadre support (3) peut s'effectuer soit manuellement, soit par tout moyen de commande motorisé. As shown in Figure 2, the installation includes a heating station (1) and a thermoforming station (2). Between the stations (1) and (2), is mounted, with the ability to move in translation, a support frame (3) for receiving an acrylic plate (P). This support frame (3) is for example subject to a carriage (6) mounted on rails (7), to ensure the transfer from the station (2) to the station (1) and vice versa. The support frame (3) can be moved either manually or by any motorized control means.
Le poste de thermoformage (2) est équipé d'un moule (4) assujetti à des moyens élévateurs (5), pour l'amener contre la plaque (P) positionnée sur le support (3). Le moule (4) a une forme correspondante à la pièce à obtenir. Dans le cas d'un escalier, le moule (4) présente notamment, des formes (4a) correspondant au profil des marches à obtenir. The thermoforming station (2) is equipped with a mold (4) subject to lifting means (5), to bring it against the plate (P) positioned on the support (3). The mold (4) has a shape corresponding to the part to be obtained. In the case of a staircase, the mold (4) has in particular, shapes (4a) corresponding to the profile of the steps to be obtained.
A noter que le cadre support (3) présente une embase (3a) recevant, avec capacité d'articulation, des plans d'appui inclinés (3b) (3c) sur lesquels est posée la plaque acrylique (P). L'articulation des plans d'appui (3b) (3c), permet de tenir compte des formes particulières du moule (4). Note that the support frame (3) has a base (3a) receiving, with articulation capacity, inclined support planes (3b) (3c) on which the acrylic plate (P) is placed. The articulation of the support planes (3b) (3c) makes it possible to take account of the particular shapes of the mold (4).
Le moule (4) est équipé de moyens aptes à créer le vide pour permettre d'appliquer fortement la plaque (P). Par exemple, le moule (4) est percé de microperforations reliées à un réseau de vide, par l'intermédiaire de pompes. The mold (4) is equipped with means capable of creating a vacuum to allow the plate (P) to be strongly applied. For example, the mold (4) is pierced with microperforations connected to a vacuum network, by means of pumps.
Compte-tenu de cette installation, le procédé de fabrication par thermoformage de l'escalier s'effectue comme suit:
Une plaque acrylique (P) est posée sur le cadre support (3) pour être transférée au niveau du poste de chauffage (1). Ce poste de chauffage (1), équipé par exemple de lampes à quartz, a pour effet, sous l'action de la chaleur, de donner une certaine élasticité à la plaque (P). A titre indicatif, la plaque acrylique est amenée à une température comprise entre 1300C et 1600C. Le support (3) est alors ramené au poste de thermoformage (2).In view of this installation, the staircase thermoforming manufacturing process is carried out as follows:
An acrylic plate (P) is placed on the support frame (3) to be transferred to the level of the heating station (1). This heating station (1), equipped for example with quartz lamps, has the effect, under the action of heat, of giving a certain elasticity to the plate (P). As an indication, the acrylic plate is brought to a temperature between 1300C and 1600C. The support (3) is then brought back to the thermoforming station (2).
Le moule (4) est mis en contact avec la plaque acrylique (P), sous l'effet de déplacement de la table élévatrice (5). La plaque se trouve ainsi en contact parfait sur toute la périphérie du moule, pour assurer l'étanchéité. The mold (4) is brought into contact with the acrylic plate (P), under the effect of displacement of the lifting table (5). The plate is thus in perfect contact over the entire periphery of the mold, to ensure sealing.
Le circuit de mise sous vide au moyen des pompes, est actionné pour créer un vide d'air, entre le moule (4) et la plaque (P) jusqu'à ce que celle-ci épouse parfaitement les formes du moule. Le vide est maintenu jusqu'au refroidissement de la plaque (P), pour procéder ensuite à l'opération de démoulage en tant que telle. Après démoulage, on procède à un détourage de la plaque acrylique thermoformée. The vacuum circuit by means of the pumps is actuated to create an air vacuum between the mold (4) and the plate (P) until the latter perfectly matches the shapes of the mold. The vacuum is maintained until the plate (P) cools, to then proceed with the demolding operation as such. After demolding, a trimming of the thermoformed acrylic plate is carried out.
La plaque ainsi thermoformée est stockée pendant 24 heures au moins, pour obtenir un retrait de l'ordre de 0,4 %. The plate thus thermoformed is stored for at least 24 hours, to obtain a shrinkage of the order of 0.4%.
La plaque est ensuite positionnée sur un organe conformateur (8) ayant la forme de l'escalier à obtenir. Cet organe conformateur a pour but d'éviter les déformations de la plaque lors de la stratification du polyester, comme indiqué ci-après. La plaque thermoformée (P) est disposée à l'envers, pour que sa face (P1) soit positionnée contre l'organe conformateur (8). C'est donc l'envers (P2) de la plaque (P) qui est apparent sur l'organe conformateur. The plate is then positioned on a shaping member (8) having the shape of the staircase to be obtained. The purpose of this conforming member is to avoid deformations of the plate during the lamination of the polyester, as indicated below. The thermoformed plate (P) is arranged upside down, so that its face (P1) is positioned against the shaping member (8). It is therefore the reverse side (P2) of the plate (P) which is visible on the shaping member.
Cette face (P2) est alors soumise à une projection simultannée d'uri mélange de verre et de résine, correspondant à l'opération de stratification du polyester. A noter que préalablement à cette projection, la face (P2) est revêtue d'un primaire d'adhérence. This face (P2) is then subjected to a simultaneous projection of a mixture of glass and resin, corresponding to the operation of laminating the polyester. Note that prior to this projection, the face (P2) is coated with an adhesion primer.
Dans le cas d'un escalier, les parties (P3) devant constituer les marches, sont équipées préalablement à l'opération de projection du mélange résine plus verre, d'un renfort (9) sous forme d'une feutrine notamment. Cette feutrine aura pour effet de pomper la résine pour augmenter la résistance. De même, en fonction du modèle d'escalier à obtenir, on prévoit d'équiper certaine partie constitutive de la pièce thermoformée, toujours avant la projection du mélange résine plus verre, d'éléments conformés pour assurer la liaison de l'escalier avec, par exemple, le liner du bassin de la piscine. In the case of a staircase, the parts (P3) which constitute the steps, are equipped prior to the operation of spraying the resin mixture plus glass, with a reinforcement (9) in the form of a felt in particular. This felt will pump the resin to increase the resistance. Similarly, depending on the stair model to be obtained, provision is made to equip certain constituent parts of the thermoformed part, always before the projection of the resin mixture plus glass, of shaped elements to ensure the connection of the staircase with, for example, the pool basin liner.
Après stratification et polymérisation totale, la pièce ainsi obtenue est détourée une dernière fois à la forme exacte que l'on veut obtenir. After stratification and total polymerization, the part thus obtained is cut one last time to the exact shape that one wants to obtain.
A noter que le moule (4) est conformé pour créer, au niveau de la pièce à obtenir (escalier), des formes d'assemblage pour assurer sa liaison avec, par exemple, les panneaux constitutifs du bassin. Note that the mold (4) is shaped to create, at the level of the part to be obtained (staircase), assembly forms to ensure its connection with, for example, the constituent panels of the basin.
Le procédé décrit s'applique avantageusement, comme indiqué, pour la réalisation d'escaliers thermoformés pour les piscines, notamment pour des escaliers de grande dimension et de formes diverses. The method described advantageously applies, as indicated, for the production of thermoformed stairs for swimming pools, in particular for stairs of large dimensions and of various shapes.
Le procédé peut également être appliqué dans le cas d'escaliers filtrants.The process can also be applied in the case of filtering stairs.
Bien évidemment, ces exemples de réalisations ne doivent pas être considérés comme limitatifs.Obviously, these exemplary embodiments should not be considered as limiting.
Les avantages ressortent bien de la description. The advantages are apparent from the description.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9402479A FR2716406B1 (en) | 1994-02-24 | 1994-02-24 | Method of manufacturing by thermoforming a room, in particular a staircase, for a swimming pool and the installation for its implementation. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9402479A FR2716406B1 (en) | 1994-02-24 | 1994-02-24 | Method of manufacturing by thermoforming a room, in particular a staircase, for a swimming pool and the installation for its implementation. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2716406A1 true FR2716406A1 (en) | 1995-08-25 |
| FR2716406B1 FR2716406B1 (en) | 1996-07-05 |
Family
ID=9460658
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9402479A Expired - Fee Related FR2716406B1 (en) | 1994-02-24 | 1994-02-24 | Method of manufacturing by thermoforming a room, in particular a staircase, for a swimming pool and the installation for its implementation. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2716406B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2866044A1 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-12 | Piscines Desjoyaux Sa | Swimming pool has impermeable inner liner pre-shaped to cover steps built into modular outer layer |
| FR2887274A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-22 | Pascal Gonichon | Swimming pool construction method, involves forming lateral wall unit, corner unit and base unit in thermoformable material, assembling units to form swimming pool, and reinforcing units by resin that is reinforced by fibers and sheets |
| US20120102855A1 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-03 | Epple Thomas A | Composite step tread |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755981A (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1973-09-04 | Cascade Ind Inc | Swimming pool stairs |
| US4158585A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1979-06-19 | Wright Melvin A | Washbasin liner method and article |
| FR2447793A1 (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-08-29 | Bois Raymond | Shaped thermoplastic sheet for moulding thermosetting resins - pref. with a fibrous lining to key the mould to the moulding |
| GB2042968A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-10-01 | Hoesch & Soehne Kunststoff | Producing Reinforced Containers |
| DE4242148A1 (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-06-16 | Norbert Christoph | Glass reinforced plastic component prodn. for protective helmet - involves placing film layer against tool cavity surface before building up wet layer of fibre and resin behind |
| US5400556A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1995-03-28 | Pacific Industries, Inc. | Modular step system and method for manufacture |
-
1994
- 1994-02-24 FR FR9402479A patent/FR2716406B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755981A (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1973-09-04 | Cascade Ind Inc | Swimming pool stairs |
| US4158585A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1979-06-19 | Wright Melvin A | Washbasin liner method and article |
| FR2447793A1 (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-08-29 | Bois Raymond | Shaped thermoplastic sheet for moulding thermosetting resins - pref. with a fibrous lining to key the mould to the moulding |
| GB2042968A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1980-10-01 | Hoesch & Soehne Kunststoff | Producing Reinforced Containers |
| US5400556A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1995-03-28 | Pacific Industries, Inc. | Modular step system and method for manufacture |
| DE4242148A1 (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-06-16 | Norbert Christoph | Glass reinforced plastic component prodn. for protective helmet - involves placing film layer against tool cavity surface before building up wet layer of fibre and resin behind |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2866044A1 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-12 | Piscines Desjoyaux Sa | Swimming pool has impermeable inner liner pre-shaped to cover steps built into modular outer layer |
| FR2887274A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-22 | Pascal Gonichon | Swimming pool construction method, involves forming lateral wall unit, corner unit and base unit in thermoformable material, assembling units to form swimming pool, and reinforcing units by resin that is reinforced by fibers and sheets |
| EP1736615A2 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-27 | Pascal Yves Bernard Gonichon | Construction process for a polymer swimming pool |
| EP1736615A3 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2014-08-06 | Pascal Yves Bernard Gonichon | Construction process for a polymer swimming pool |
| US20120102855A1 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-03 | Epple Thomas A | Composite step tread |
| US8857115B2 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2014-10-14 | Trivector Manufacturing | Composite step tread |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2716406B1 (en) | 1996-07-05 |
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Effective date: 20061031 |