FR2657098A1 - MACHINE FOR APPLYING A MATERIAL FOR COATING A PAVEMENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for applying a material for a coating of a roadway such as a road, a motorway etc., this coating consisting of products which can be applied directly without requiring the deposition of a layer of bitumen beforehand. Products, such as those used by the machine of the invention, are, for example, chippings coated with bitumen either hot or cold, or products which are commonly called, in the field of the technique, "cement concrete" or "bituminous concrete". The machine of the invention essentially comprises a stabilizer device mounted at the rear of the chassis carrying the bucket, at the rear of the rear axle of the truck, of the trailer or of the semi-trailer and consisting of metal wheels relieving the rear wheels. truck, trailer or semi-trailer when the material application machine is in operation, a spreading device for spreading the material to be spread stored in the dump body, a tamping device and a leveling device , the spreading device, the tamping device and the smoothing device being mounted on the same frame integral with the bucket and being attached to the rear of the bucket replacing the rear door of said bucket.

Description

The invention relates to a machine for applying a material for a

  coating of a roadway such as a road, a highway, etc., this coating consisting of products that can be applied directly without requiring the deposit of a bitumen layer beforehand Products, such as those used by the machine of the invention are, for example, chippings coated with bitumen either hot or cold, or products that are commonly known in

  the field of technology, "cement concretes" or "bituminous concretes".

  With such products, only three operations are necessary: the spreading of the coating material, the grooming and the smoothing of the

layer of material spread.

  Devices are already known which make it possible to spread grit, such as that described in document FR-A-2 528 085 In these devices, the gravel falls from the bucket of a truck by a slot on the ridge back of the bucket and is received on a roller puller before falling, thrown onto the ground Devices of this type, that is to say, roll, if they walk properly with gravel which is in fact a material relatively fluid, are no longer suitable for materials

  like those mentioned above because they are viscous.

  It is also known from French patent application No. 8917224 filed in the name of the present applicant, a gravimetric device whose essential feature is to present an endless belt conveyor for spreading the grit Such a device is suitable for the spreading of "viscous" products, because the flow rate of products leaving the conveyor, once the necessary adjustments have been made, is independent of the spreading conditions, in particular the viscosity of the material used. layers of uniform thickness, whatever the material used, which is a definite advantage in terms of the quality of

  This is also an advantage because the

  The process is carried out without loss of material which is, moreover, expensive.

  However, the disadvantage of the device described in this patent application is that it is not intended to perform all the operations necessary for the application of a patent.

pavement on a pavement.

  The major problem posed by the realization of a machine for applying a material for paving a roadway which carries out all the operations necessary for the production of such a coating, is to combine a spreading device with which can be obtained a layer of material of constant thickness and grooming and smoothing devices which, by applying a significant pressure on the coating, form a smooth layer Indeed, the grooming devices and smoothing create vibrations and jolts that can disrupt the correct functioning of the

spreading device.

  The object of the invention is therefore to solve this problem and to propose a machine for applying a material for a coating of a roadway, said coating consisting of a material such as those mentioned above, and which makes it possible to carry out the entirety of the operations necessary to obtain a final layer

  of constant thickness, smoothed and smoothed.

  For this purpose, the invention relates to a machine for applying a material to form a coating on a roadway, this material may consist of asphalt-coated grit, either hot or cold, or products such as "concrete" cements "or" bituminous concretes "and which can be stored in a dump truck

  or a trailer or a semi-trailer hitched to a truck.

  According to one characteristic of the invention, it essentially comprises

  a stabilizing device mounted at the rear of the chassis carrying the body and designed to cancel the damping effect of the dampers of the truck, the trailer or the semi-trailer when the material application machine is in operation, a spreading device for spreading the spreading material stored in the tipping body, a grooming device and a smoothing device, the spreading device, the grooming device and the smoothing device being mounted on the same fixed frame of the bucket and being fixed to the rear of the bucket to replace the rear door of said bucket, the spreading device consisting of a hopper of width at least equal to that of the bucket

  and in communication with the interior of said bucket, a transport

  comprising two transverse drums and a metal endless belt at least equal in width to that of the hopper and passing over the two drums, the upper run of the belt being placed, in part, under the outlet orifice of the drum. hopper, a set of valves

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  parallel mounted pivoting about the same transverse and horizontal axis and contiguous over a width at least equal to that of the hopper, each of said valves can individually close or not the outlet orifice of the hopper and thus prevent the material stored in the skip to reach the upper end of the endless belt, a vertical blade of width at least equal to that of the conveyor endless belt, overhanging the upper run of the carpet and slidable vertically and a flap of width at least equal to that of the conveyor belt provided at the rear of the conveyor, the tamping and smoothing device being respectively fixed, at the rear of the spreading device, to a platform that can pivot about a transverse axis mounted on the frame secured to the bucket, the damgge device consisting of a vibrating device driving vertically and alternately a transverse and horizontal blade of e length at least equal to the width of the conveyor belt and the smoothing device consisting of a transverse and horizontal blade of length at least equal to that of the blade of the tamping device and can be adjusted in height by appropriate means , a cylinder controlling the pivoting of the platform so that the blade of the smoothing device exerts pressure

  sufficient on the floor to smooth the coating.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the stabilizing device consists of metal wheels mounted at one end of an arm whose other end is pivotally mounted on the chassis of the vehicle carrying the bucket, and a cylinder which can rotate the arm so that the metal wheels exert a sufficient pressure on the ground to unload

  the rear wheels of the vehicle carrying the bucket.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the stabilizing device comprises a jack mounted between the rear axle of the

  vehicle carrying the bucket and the frame supporting said bucket.

  The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading an example.

  realization, said description being made in relation to the

  attached drawings, among which: Fig 1 shows a side view of the rear of a truck, trailer or semi-trailer equipped with a material applicator machine for coating a pavement according to a first embodiment of the invention, and Fig 2 is a side view of the rear of a vehicle equipped with a material application machine according to a second embodiment.

of the invention.

  The material application machine for a pavement according to the invention is adapted to fit the rear of a truck, a trailer or a semi-trailer equipped with a bucket 1 which can tilt, about an axis 2, under the effect of a hydraulic cylinder 3 It essentially comprises a stabilizing device 4, a spreading device 5, a tamping device 6 and a device

smoothing 7.

  In the single FIG, the lateral elements of the first plane have been removed to make it more legible, only those on the other side being shown. The stabilizing device 4 consists of two vertical side plates 7 (only one is visible in FIG) fixed, by their upper end 8, on the rear part of the chassis of the truck 9 (or of the trailer or of the semi-trailer) At the lower ends 10 of these two vertical plates 7, is fixed a transverse axis 11 around which can pivot two arms 12 (only one is visible) made parallel by appropriate means (not shown) and slightly inclined downward at the back end of each of the arms 12, are mounted on transverse and horizontal axes 13, metal wheels 14 The arms 12 are held in their inclined position by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 15 fixed by one of these ends 16 to the frame 9 at a point located behind the attachment points of the vertical plates 7 and, at its other end 17, on one of the arms 12 at a point between the two axes.

11, 13.

  The spreading device 5 is a device whose essential elements have already been described in patent application 89 17 224 filed in the name of the present applicant. It consists of a plate 18 which is fixed by suitable means ( not shown), instead of the rear door of the bucket 1 This plate 18 is curved, in its lower part and over the entire width of the bucket 1, rearward, the curved portion 19 being substantially in a plane vertical and transverse when the bucket 1 is raised, as shown in Fig The rear part of the bottom 20 of the bucket 1 and the curved portion 19 of the plate 18 form a hopper 21. In substantially the same plane as the side flanks 22 of the bucket 1, are fixed two side plates which constitute a frame 23. Under the outlet orifice of the hopper 21, there is provided a set of parallel valves 24 mounted contiguously over a width at least equal to that of the bucket 1 Each of them can pivot about a transverse and horizontal axis 25 secured to the frame 23 by adequate means (not shown) They are each actuated by a double-acting jack 26 , pneumatic or hydraulic, fixed by one of its ends 27, on an arm of the valve 27 associated and, at the other end, on a transverse and horizontal axis 28 secured by appropriate means (no

represented), of the chassis 23.

  Under the outlet orifice of the hopper 21, just below the set of valves 24, is mounted a conveyor 29 consisting of two drums 30, 31 respectively rotatable about transverse and horizontal axes secured to the frame 23. the drums 30, 31, is stretched an endless belt 32 whose width is at least equal to that of the outlet orifice of the hopper 21 One of the drums 30 (or 31) is driven by a motor (not shown ) in a direction such that the upper strand 33 of the belt 32 translates back and forth (represented by the arrow A in FIG. 1). The speed of the motor is slaved to the speed of movement of the truck. Advantageously, of the metal type It consists of two chains connected by transverse slats and meshing with integral toothed wheels of each of the drums, 31. At the rear of the outlet of the hopper 21, overhanging the upper strand 33 carpet 32 of the carrier 29, is provided a blade

  cross-section 34 substantially vertical sliding vertically-

  Its length is at least equal to the width of the belt 32 It is actuated by adequate means (not shown) such as a manual or motorized adjustment screw It can take any position between two extreme positions In one of these positions, it outcrops, by its lower edge, the upper strand 33 of the belt 32 and, in the other position, it is completely raised leaving a determined space between its lower edge and the upper end 33 of the belt 32. At the exit of the conveyor 29, below the level of the rear drum 31 of the conveyor 29, there is provided a flap 35 fixed to the frame 23 and inclined downwards and backwards.

less equal to that of carpet 32.

  On a transverse axis 36 integral with the frame 23, is mounted a member consisting of two arms 37 (only one is visible) and substantially horizontal side made parallel, by appropriate means (not shown) at the rear ends of the two arms 37, are fixed two arms 38 (only one is visible) parallel and slightly inclined relative to the vertical At the ends of the arms 38, is fixed a horizontal platform 39 The arms 37 are mounted to be pivotable about the horizontal axis 36 under the effect of a pneumatic or hydraulic double-acting jack 40, one end 41 of which is fixed to the plate 18 and the other end 42 to the rear end of one of the two arms 37. The platform 39 can thus rotate around this

axis 36.

  On the lower surface of the platform 39, is fixed an arm 43 at the end of which is mounted the tamping device 6 consisting of a vibrating mechanism 44 driving a transverse blade and horizontal

  45 of length at least equal to the width of the carpet 32.

  At the rear of the platform 39 is fixed the smoothing device 7 consisting of a profile 46 shaped "L" attached to two lateral slides 47 (only one is visible) allowing the section 46 to slide vertically under the action of a mechanism 48 which may be, for example, a manually operated screw-nut system or

  motorized The front edge of the profile 46 has a rounded shape.

  At the rear of the platform 39 and perpendicular to it, are fixed the lower ends of two uprights 49 (only one is visible) whose upper ends are provided to receive a control panel 50 This is intended , in addition, to the control of the stabilizing device 4, the device

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  spreader 5, the tamping device 6 and the smoothing device 7 With regard to the stabilizing device 5, it can, for example, allow the control of the fluid pressure in the cylinder 15 For the spreader device 5, it can, for example, allowing the control of the opening and closing of the valves 24, the running speed of the belt 32 of the conveyor 29 and the adjustment of the blade 34 if the latter is motorized For the smoothing device 7, it can, for example, allow the control of the fluid pressure in the

  cylinder 40 and / or the control of the means 48.

  Fig 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the machine according to

  Invention It differs from the first embodiment by the constitution

  stabilizer device 4 Reference 51 shows the axle

  rear of the vehicle carrying the bucket 1 and the machine of the invention.

  On the axle 51, are fixed dampers 52 (only one is visible) which are themselves fixed on chassis 9 of the vehicle The stabilizer device 4 according to this embodiment consists of mounting a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 53, one of which end 54 is fixed to the axle 51 and the other end 55 to the frame 9 Two cylinders can be bridged thus between the axle 51 and the frame 9, that is to say a jack for each of the rear shock absorbers of the vehicle . When the pavement material applying machine according to the invention is mounted behind a skip 1 of a truck (or a trailer or a semi-trailer) and it operates normally, the bucket 1 is raised and tilted back and the truck is moving at a relatively slow speed

  depending on the specific conditions of the spreading to be carried out.

  Note in this regard that the truck can be equipped with a bridge disengageable hydrautatic motor that is coupled to the mechanical bridge of the truck During operation of the machine, the hydraustatic motor is engaged and the truck is entraîné by this engine , rather than by its heat engine This allows to obtain

  truck speeds are very slow and, above all, regular.

  When the machine is no longer in operation, the hydra-

  tick is disengaged, and the truck is driven by its engine,

  which ensures a normal road speed.

  The bucket I contains a material intended for coatings of

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  pavement, such as products commonly known in the field of technology, "bituminous concretes" or "concrete cements", or hot or cold coated gravel, etc. By the effect of gravity on him, the material to be spread is driven into the hopper 21 over the entire width of the bucket 1. The hatches 24, if they are open, let it pass on the upper strand 33 of the belt 32 in a width equal to the total width of the open hatches 24, the material forming on the upper run 33 of the belt 32 a layer whose thickness is adjusted by means of the blade 34 This layer of material is driven to the exit of the conveyor 29 o it is projected on the ground, guided in its fall by the bib 35 and forming at its output a width curtain

  corresponding to the width of the open valves 24.

  The use of an endless belt conveyor 29 makes it possible to have a quantity of material per unit area which is constant and independent of the speed of advance of the truck, the lifting height of the bucket and the quantity The blade 34 makes it possible, in turn, to adjust the quantity to be spread according to the viscosity of the material. The fact that the belt 33 is metallic makes it possible to use hot products because it does not

  not clog up and burn like a rubber mat.

  Arrived on the ground, the material forms a layer that compacting device 6 compact so that it is relatively homogeneous density

over the entire width spread.

  This homogenized layer is then smoothed by the smoothing device 7, its blade 46 exerting a pressure on the ground sufficient to compact the material and to erase the irregularities that the layer at the output of the tamping device 6 had previously exhibited. the blade 46 of the smoothing device 6, made possible by the slider 47 and the adjustment means 48, makes it possible to adjust

the thickness of the final layer.

  The jack 40, by the moment that it transmits to the assembly formed by the arms 37, 38, the platform 39 and the smoothing device 7, makes it possible to maintain the pressure of the blade 46 on the ground which is

  necessary for smooth operation of the smoothing device 7.

  In the first embodiment of the invention, when the coating application machine of the invention is in

  operation on a truck, it rests, in the back, mainly

  The stabilizer device 4 thus makes it possible to eliminate the damping effect of the suspensions of the truck, an effect which would make it impossible to obtain a final layer of constant thickness. because it depends on the damping jolts that receives the truck by advancing on the uncoated floor The cylinder 15 allows to adjust the truck attitude relative to the ground depending on the thickness of the final layer to obtain and maintains, when this adjustment is made, the arms 12 rigidly fixed relative to the

chassis 9 of the truck.

  In the case where the application machine according to the invention is mounted behind a bucket 1 of a trailer or semi-trailer, it is the wheels of this trailer or semi-trailer which are relieved by the

stabilizer device 4.

  According to the second variant, the truck rests on its rear wheels, but the bridge is stiffened by sending fluid into the cylinder 53 The dampers can no longer play their role The cylinders remove the damping effect of the rear suspension of the truck (or trailer or semi-trailer) and the machine, according to this

  realization, can realize coatings of constant thickness.

  When the machine of the invention is no longer in operation, the fluid pressure is no longer sent to the cylinder 53 and the dampers

  52 return to normal operation.

Claims (3)

  1) A machine for applying a material to form a coating on a roadway, this material may consist of grit coated with bitumen, either hot or cold, or products such as "cement concrete" or "bituminous concrete" and can be stored in a tipper (1) of a truck or a trailer or a semi-trailer coupled to a truck, characterized in that it essentially comprises a stabilizer device (4) mounted at the rear of the truck. frame (9) carrying the body (1) and provided to cancel the damping effect of the shock absorbers of the truck, the trailer or the semi-trailer when the material application machine is in operation, a device for spreading (5) for spreading the spreading material stored in the dump body (1), a tamping device (6) and a smoothing device (7), the spreading device (5), the ramming device (6) ) and the smoothing device (7) being mounted on an me chassis (23) integral with the bucket (1) and being fixed to the rear of said bucket (1) to replace its rear door, the spreading device (5) consisting of a hopper (21) of width at least equal to that of the bucket (1) and in communication with the interior of said bucket (1), a conveyor (29) consisting of two transverse drums (30, 31), one of which is driven by a motor and an endless belt (32) of metal at least equal to that of the hopper (21) and moving between the two drums (30, 31), the speed of travel of the belt (32) being slaved to that of the carrier vehicle of the bucket, the upper run (33) of the belt (32) being arranged to be placed, partly under the outlet of the hopper (21), a set of valves (24). ) parallel pivotally mounted about the same axis (25) transverse and horizontal and contiguous over a width at least equal to that of the hopper (21), each of said valves (24) being able to individually close off or not the exit orifice of the hopper (21) and thus prevent the material stored in the body (1) from reaching the upper end (33) of the endless belt (32) , a vertical blade (34) of width at least equal to that of the endless belt (32) of the conveyor (29), overhanging the upper strand (33) of the belt (32) and slidable vertically and a flap (35) of width at least equal to that of the belt (32) of the conveyor (29) provided at the rear of the conveyor (29), the he ramming device (6) and the smoothing device (7) being respectively fixed to the rear of the spreading device (5), to a platform (39) pivotable about a transverse axis (36) mounted on the frame (23) integral with the bucket (1), the tamping device (6) ) consisting of a vibrating device (44) driving vertically and alternately a transverse and horizontal blade ( 45) of length at least equal to the width of the belt (32) of the conveyor (29) and the smoothing device (7) consisting of an L-shaped profile whose horizontal flange is transverse and is of length at least equal to that of the blade (45) of the tamping device (6) and adjustable in height by appropriate means (47, 48), a jack (40) controlling the pivoting of the platform (39). ) so that the horizontal flange of the profile (46) of the smoothing device (7) exerts sufficient pressure on the floor to smooth the coating.   2) material applicatin machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stabilizing device (4) consists of metal wheels (14) mounted, rotating, at a first end of an arm (12) whose other end is pivotally mounted on the chassis (9) of the carrier vehicle of the body and a cylinder (15) capable of pivoting the arm (12) so that the metal wheels (14) exert a pressure on the ground sufficient to unload the wheels   rear of the vehicle carrying the bucket.   3) A machine for applying a material according to claim 1, characterized in that the stabilizing device (4) comprises a jack (53) mounted between the rear axle (51) of the carrier vehicle of the bucket (1) and the chassis (9) of said vehicle, said cylinder (53) for stiffening the rear suspension of said vehicle when the machine is Operating.