FR2605258A1 - Device for programmable movements which can be fitted to various workstations - Google Patents

Abstract

Automated mechanical device installed either at an autonomous station on a moving console, or on conventional machine tools, making it possible to carry out machining or shaping operations. The invention relates to a device whose movements can be programmed by a numerically controlled computer or by a microcomputer, making it possible easily to install it at a workstation. The translational movement of two slides 2 and 3, transmitted to a component or to a tool fixed on the slide 3, makes it possible to describe a simple or complex circuit automatically or manually. Two motors 7 and 10 equipped with encoders 8 and 11 as well as with impulse transmitters 32 and 33 respectively make it possible to give the rotation to the ball screws 4 and 5, to control the position of the slides 2 and 3, as well as the displacement speeds of the latter, at any moment. A rigid frame 1 receives the slides 2 and 3 in order to allow them to move in two orthogonal directions X and Y. The device according to the invention is particularly intended, owing to the ease of fitting it to a conventional machine tool, to provide the necessary programmable movements for producing an ad-hoc machining circuit in laboratories, and in company workshops. It is particularly recommended for training (formation) in programming and the production of prototypes.

Description

 Programmable movement device adaptable to various workstations.

 The present invention relates to a device with programmable movements, allowing easy adaptability to various workstations in a mechanical workshop or laboratory.

It allows a part or a tool to evolve along a defined and repetitive trajectory through
a - manual intervention
b - a digital program, usually carried out on a traditional machine tool, belongs to only one type of work.

 For example on a conventional lathe, on which the movements given to the tool are independent.

 Only turning operations can be carried out.

 For example on a drill, on which no translational movement given to the part is expected.

 Only drilling operations are possible on this type of machine tool.

 For example on a traditional milling machine on which the translational movements given to the part or to the tool are independent.

 Only milling operations can be performed on this type of machine tool.

 The device according to the invention has the advantage of being installed quickly by means of an adaptation piece (i) on various traditional machine tools, in particular on the bench of a lathe.

 The workstation is then equipped with high-tech equipment.

 It makes it possible to obtain, via defined trajectories, a machining circuit of simple or complex geometric shapes.

 With a traditional machine tool having no combined movements, it is impossible to obtain an equivalent machining circuit without being equipped with the device according to the invention.

 In addition, this device having the possibility of being mobile, also has the advantage of being used at an autonomous work station.

A bracket 5), secured to a console (i) resting
on swivel wheels @ , allows to fix for example
a laser for cutting or welding parts.

Also, on this console @ , is fixed a support G now in position two slides Gî facilitating the
installation of the device according to the invention, on a machi
traditional ne-tool.

The desk-cabinet e mobile via qua
be wheels @ comprising the calculator is connected by
shielded connection cables to the movement device
programmable.

The geometry and the mechanical characteristics that posssè
of the device according to the invention, makes it possible to confer a
good resistance to vibrations and efForts of nollp in the
machining by removal of material or operations of
punching or riveting.

In the case of making prototypes or small
and medium series in the field of micromechanics,
device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain the shaping
programmed or not impossible to carry out before.

For the investment of a single device controlled by cal
culprit with numerical control or by microcomputer, one
high school or a company will have the possibility of equipping pos
your work according to the needs and the manufacturing of the
moment.

In this way, the results concerning the execution
tion of various shaping operations.

Improving the quality and speed of manufacture
cation will promote high school training and the competitiveness of
the business.

The device according to the invention in FIG. 1 comprises a gray cast iron frame, molded in sand comprising in relief a peak
togram representing the location of the axes by three fingers
with your right hand.

On this frame @ rest two elements also in cast iron
gray, having the possibility of moving in translation.

These two elements are called respectively: carriage
lower Q and upper carriage Q
The lower carriage Q is movable according to the frame Q under
the action of a ball screw Q driven in rotation by the motor @ fixed on the flange @ .

This mobility is considered as straight translation
provided by a guidance system consisting of two rails 12
and four ball flow pads S.

This guidance system by design allows to eliminate
ner the radial clearance.

The upper carriage 3 is movable according to the lower carriage
laughing Q under the action of a ball screw Q driven in
retation by the motor 10 fixed on the flange 9.

This mobility is considered as straight translation
provided by a guidance system consisting of two Q22 rails
and four balls with circulation of balls @ .

This guidance system by design allows to eliminate
ner the radial clearance.

The two translational movements of the upper and lower carriages 2 are perpendicular to each other, of race
respectively 250 mm and 300 mm.

The translational displacement of each of these two chains
riots Q and Q is controlled by two angle encoders Q and 11
These angular encoders Q and Qi are fixed respectively on the DC motors Q and Qo equipped with dynamo-tacIiometric.

By the ratio of the pitch of ball screws 4 and 5 and the number of resolutions of each of the angular encoders Q and
the movement accuracy of each of the Q2 and Q carriages is around 5 microns, which makes it possible to obtain
high precision machining dimensions.

The two ball screws Q and Q by design
allow the elimination of axial play in the screw-nut system.

Q and @ ensure the limit switches of the
lower carriage
They are securely attached to the frame i
Sensors 3 and Q27 ensure the limit switches of the
upper cart @ .

Protective bellows 28 fixed on the frame 1 and 29 on the upper carriage 2 protect the ball screws 4
and 5 as well as the guidance systems Q4 and.

The upper carriage Q has T-shaped grooves, allowing to fix either the workpiece or a tool holder
comprising one or more tools.

 This tool holder, having several movements, can also be programmed.

 By this fact the execution time of the operations can be reduced significantly.

 The device according to the invention makes it possible to give the upper carriage Q a useful stroke of 250 min and the lower carriage Q a useful stroke of 300 mm.

 A computer with numerical control makes it possible to manage the information of the sensors 25 26 27 28 as well as the angular encoders @ and @ .

 The program established beforehand defines the order of the information to be transmitted to motors 7 and 10.

 The association of rectilinear movements, called X for the largest and Y for the smallest, makes it possible to obtain a trajectory or machining circuit either in paraxial or contouring mode.

In order to facilitate the movement and use of the device according to the invention, a metal console @ resting on four swivel wheels E) îs allows to receive this device and also a laser fixed on a bracket
If the device according to the invention has to be installed on a machine tool, a system of slides Q21 makes it easier to maneuver.

 In the case where the device according to the invention has to be installed on a lathe, an adaptation part @ allows it to be placed and held in position relative to the axis of the lathe spindle.

 Inseparable from console 16 but which can be detached, a Q17 console-desk fitted with an adjustable seat @ allows consultation and intervention on the keyboard depending on the computer with numerical control.

 This desk cabinet 0 contains all the electrical elements necessary for power and power, as well as the dial and the keyboard.

 The shapes and dimensions of the console-desk, the console 16 and the Q seat are suitable for forming an assembly that complies with the rules in force on ergonomics at the work station.

 It should however be specified that the control of the device according to the invention can be obtained by microcomputer.

 In this case the Q Qîo motors and the angle encoders will be replaced by two stepper motors.

 This microcomputer control formula offers the advantage of being less expensive, but has fewer functional diversities compared to control by numerical control computer.

The essential advantage of the device according to the invention is its easy and rapid adaptation to a work station in a workshop or a laboratory;
The affected workstations are
Milling, Turning, Drilling, Laser cutting, Welding
ser, Punching, Riveting.

 It is the assurance of a great flexibility of use at the precise moment of a study or a manufacture in high school or in company.

 Figure 1 shows the entire device according to the invention.

 FIG. 2 represents the device installed on the mobile console 16 secured to the desk-cabinet 17.

 FIG. 3 represents the system of slides 21 on the support Q20 allowing the installation of the device according to the invention on a traditional machine tool.

 Figure 4 shows the adapter piece Ql9permet both setting and holding in position the device according to the invention on the bench of a lathe.

 FIG. 5 represents the device installed on a machine tool "Drill".

Claims (9)

Claims: 1) Programmable movement device adaptable to various workstations  work, designed to carry out machining or shaping operations3  comprising a rigid frame O, of appropriate dimensions and shapes  to be installed on a traditional machine-tool, for example  Milling machine, Drill, Lathe, Punching machine, Argonarc welder, Riveter;  characterized in that said frame 1 makes it possible to receive a carriage  lower 2 guided in translation called X, via a  guidance system without radial clearance, composed of two rails @; soli-  pair of frame 1 and four s bigles & commat skates; in solidarity with  lower carriage 2. 2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that said carriage  2 is movable by means of a screw-nut ball system  without axiaZ play, the screw is secured to the frame 3) Device according to your claim 2, characterized in that said carriage  lower 2 has its course in X limited by 1 through two ca> -  tors 24 and 25 secured to the frame 1. 4) Device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said screw has  balls 4 can rotate through a current motor  continuous O equipped with an angular encoder 8 and a dynamo-tachymetri-  that, the whole attached to the flange 5) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that said motor  equipped with an encoder 8 and a dynamo-tachometer 32 is com  digitally ordered by a computer. 6) Device according to claims I and 2, characterized. in that said  frame 1 is fitted with a 28 bent accordion protection bellows  at one end to the frame 1 and and at the other end to the lower carriage  laughing 2. 7) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage  lower 2 allows to receive an upper carriage 3 guided in translation  called P, perpendicular to X, through a guidance system  without radial clearance, composed of two rails 22 secured to the lower carriage 2 and four ball shoes 23 secured to the carriage  superior 3 8J Device according to claim? > characterized in that said puppy  upper 3 is movable by means of a screw-nut system d  balls 5 without axial play, the screw is secured to the lower carriage 2.  9) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that said  upper carriage 3 has its Y-shaped travel limited by means of two sensors @ @ and 27 secured to the lower carriage 10) Device according to claim 8, characterized @ ensee that said screw  ball 5 can rotate through a current motor  continuous 10 equipped with an angular encoder 11 and a dynnmo-tachy  metric 33 all attached to the flange 9. 11) Device according to claim 10, characterized in that said motor  20 fitted with an encoder 11 and a dynamo-tachometer  digitally controlled by a computer. 12) Device according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that  said lower carriage 2 is equipped with an accordion bellows  fixed at one end to the upper carriage 13J Device according to claim 12, characterized in that said carriage  upper 3 has T-shaped grooves, allowing to fix either the  workpiece or the tool holder in case the device is  installed on the bench of a lathe through the niece  14) Device according to claims 1 and 13, characterized in that said  programmable movement device installed on a console  metallic @ movable by means of four pivoting wheels 16J Device according to claim 15, characterized in that said  console @ has a 0 0 slide system on which  is fixed the device according to the invention.  17) Device according to claim.'5, characterized in that said  console @ is equipped with a bracket 18) Device according to claims 1 and 16, characterized in that said  programmable movement device fixed on the console 16 is com  ordered by the numerically controlled computer installed on the cabinet  mobile console 27 fitted with four swivel wheels @ and a  adjustable seat 30 191 Device according to claim 18, characterized in that said  console-desk 17 contains the electronic power equipment  and power supply. 20) Device according to claims 15, 16, 18, 19, characterized in that  that said prograniioble movement device and the console-desk  are connected by a bundle of shielded cables and that the cabinet-  desk can be made integral or independent of the console 21J Device according to claims 5 and ll, characterized in that said motors S and 9 equipped with encoders 8 and it as well as  of 32 tachometers and @ can be replaced by  stepper motors, controlled by microcomputer.