FI58444B - ORGANIC CONTAINER FOR ORGANIZATION OF ORGANIC FUEL - Google Patents

Description

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Patent · och rejistarstyrelsan Anaeku utitfd oeh utUkrtfun publicarad 31.10.80 (32) (33) (31) Pyr * «« r atuoikau »—priorit * 23.09. jk

Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) P 21 + U5315 · 1 * (71) Biologisk Avfallshantering (BIAV) AB, Fack, S-171 0U Solna, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Franz Xaver Kheer, Hanau-Mittelbuchen, Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (7 * +) Berggren Oy Ab (5 * 0 Method for separating gaseous organic pollutants from waste gases - Förfärande för avskiljning av gasformiga organiska för-oreningar ur avgaser

The invention relates to a method for removing gaseous organic impurities from waste gases by means of a regenerable adsorbent which is passed as a kind of moving bed through a tank through which the waste gases are led.

Gaseous organic pollutants refer to all waste gases from, for example, livestock farms, work to exploit animal carcasses, fermentation and putrefaction processes and industrial processing plants.

It is known to use an adsorption material to separate gaseous impurities from waste gases, e.g. cf.. DE-0S

1,619,861.

2 5 8 4 4 4

When the adsorption capacity is exhausted, a new charge must be exported to the separation unit each time. In this case, gaseous impurities, in particular sulfur dioxide, can be removed from the waste gases by adsorption; sulfuric acid formed from sulfur dioxide in the presence of oxygen and water vapor must be liberated by further treatment after adsorption.

Experience has shown that the gaseous organic pollutants mentioned in the introduction can only be incompletely separated and reacted by such equipment. Not all impurities and contaminants present can be bound, and in addition, the porous surface of such adsorbents will soon become clogged with suspended solids in the waste gases, including any front-mounted filters.

The invention is based on the problem of providing a new method for separating and reacting gaseous organic impurities which is better suited than previous methods for purifying and deodorizing the waste gases mentioned in the introduction.

Based on a moving bed known from the process technology in the form of a solid bed of material running countercurrent to a gaseous or liquid fluid in the reactor, this problem is solved according to the invention by using as adsorbent a biologically high active product formed from organic waste and / or clarification sludge. obtained, at least partially rotted compost capable of adsorbing the compounds and causing a biological reaction, and that the compost, after passing in layers in the hopper downwards, is fed out of the hopper, such material possibly being mixed with fresh compost and returned to the hopper at the top.

Thus, compost obtained from organic waste without air conduction by controlled conduction is used as an adsorbent, or compost obtained from a clarification slurry mixed with an organic carbon carrier by means of conduction controlled by air conduction is also used as an adsorbent. From the point of view of the filtration process, it is then advantageous that the decomposition of the compost is not yet completely finished. Such composting methods are described, for example, in DT-OS 2 252 188 and DT-OS 2 253 009.

The filtration materials prepared by said methods are strongly containing microorganisms. When the organic gas compounds for purification are introduced into the tank, the microorganisms present in the filtration material are re-nourished and activated. This biologically active filtration material now undergoes a strong reaction, i. putrefaction continues and biodegradation occurs, as a result of which the filtrate is withdrawn into the pile and has to be replenished with new material. In this case, the material returned to the tank is inoculated and its structure changes, which is very advantageous for the filtration process. This so-called return handling thus makes it possible to reuse the filter material.

Most preferably, the cylindrical tank separates the contaminants so that the waste gases to be purified are passed through the adsorbent from the bottom up while the adsorbent passes through the tank from the top down. The lowest layer of filled material is subjected to the greatest load. By means of a feed device, preferably an output cutter, it is possible, whenever desired, to remove all this material from the lowest part of the tank and by means of a transport device, preferably an elevator, to take it to the top of the tank where it can be regenerated.

With the method according to the invention, it is still possible for the first time to separate and react a wide variety of organic compounds by means of one and the same device. In this way, for the first time, a biological purification method for recycling has been provided, which is considerably simpler than batch methods.

The filtration process is thus controllable by changing the amount of adsorbent throughput and the amount of new material to be mixed.

According to another feature of the invention, bentonite powder must be added as an additive to the adsorbent intended to fill the tank.

Addition of bentonite results in the formation of high molecular weight clay-humus complex compounds. Bentonite acts as a pure ion exchanger, so any 14 5 84 4 4 heavy metal ions in waste gases or fluids are attached in a water-insoluble form and certain organic gaseous impurities are adsorbed on humus complex compounds. The addition of bentonite thus has the advantage that a clay-humus complex is formed during filtration, so that the various gaseous organic impurities are attached or also changed by an ion exchanger or by complex compounds of heavy metal ions.

According to another feature of the invention, the filling height of the adsorbent in the tank is selected according to the specific volume flow of the gas to be purified. The volume of the adsorbent must therefore be selected depending on the amount of gas to be purified in each case and the type and amount of impurities, which can easily be determined experimentally.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention and Figure 2 a plan view of the apparatus.

The tank 1, which is a metal cylinder with an insulating layer 2, has a layer 3 of biologically active substance as adsorbent. This is either compost from air-controlled decomposition of organic waste or compost from air-controlled decomposition of a clarification slurry mixed with an organic carbon carrier. However, the rotting must not be completely completed in order for the compost to remain biologically active.

The tank 1 has a bottom surface slightly extending towards the center, on which a rotary discharge mill 5 is mounted in order to evenly discharge the filtration material. The feed mill is driven by an invisible drive which rotates about an axis 6 so that, in addition to its own movement, the feed mill is made to rotate clockwise at the bottom of the tank. The feed cutter thus feeds the three lowest layers of the material layer through the opening 8 in the bottom of the container. Fed out from the material falls on the transport device 10, which supplies the direction of the arrow cekoittimeen 11, including the addition of new material, Li-säyslaite 12 and the elevator 13. Thus, out of the input material is mixed with the new material and passed again to the top of the container, wherein the rotary distributor used to distribute evenly the container on the upper surface.

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By means of a fan, not shown in the figure, and a piping system 17, the waste gases to be cleaned or the air to be cleaned are introduced into the lower area of the tank through a plurality of nozzles 18. The container 1 is open at its upper end, so that the bottom in the direction of the arrow derived from the waste gases is virratava upwardly through the reservoir descending from the filter material layer, and it is cleared that the effect of the adsorption and biological reaction. This edsorption and biological reaction are biological processes, so a decomposition process then takes place in the filtration layer, which causes decay losses. These rot losses occur as a layer build-up, and the layer is constantly replenished by introducing new material through the feeder 12 so that the tank 1 is completely filled with the filter material at all times. Depending on the volume and amount of the exhaust gas compounds, the circulation or inlet of the tank is run slower or faster, i. the passage of the filter medium is slowed down or accelerated.

Since the waste gases always flow from the bottom up, the lowest filtration layer always becomes the heaviest. However, when the filter material is fed out of this point and the fed-out material is mixed with the new material, the extracted filter material11a has time to regenerate as it passes through the tank. However, the entire filter material must be replaced periodically. The extruded filter material is well suited for soil improvement.

If required by the waste gases to be cleaned, bentonite powder is additionally mixed into the filter material via the inlet opening 12, the dosage of which can be determined by simple experiments.

The capacity of the tank 1 is about 10-200 m 2, preferably 50 m 2. The volume is then selected according to the amount of gas evolved and the type and amount of impurities. This also applies to the size of the outlet and the addition of new material, which also depend on the amount of gas passed through the filter and the type and amount of impurities. In principle, it is possible that no new material is mixed in at all or that the amount of new material is small or large. The efficiency of the so-called filter devices can be determined by means of measuring probes, which are not shown here, and the filtration process can thus be adjusted by changing the amount of filter material fed through and the addition of new filter material. By means of the conveyor 10, the used material can be led out at point 20.

Claims (6)

5 8 4 4 4 A method for separating gaseous organic impurities from a gaseous medium, wherein the medium, as it flows upwards in the tank, is contacted with a biologically highly active product and the medium which is biologically purified is discharged from the top of the tank, characterized in that a biological digestion process is used. at least partially decomposed compost from organic waste material and / or clarification sludge capable of adsorbing the compounds and causing a biological reaction, and that the compost, after being passed downwards in layers in the tank, is fed out of the tank, possibly mixing such material with fresh compost and returning to the tank to its upper end. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration process is adjustable by changing the amount of compost fed through. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite powder is added to the compost as an additive. Method according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bed height of the adsorbent material is selected in relation to the volume flow of the waste gas passed through the tank. 1. A formulation of a naturally occurring product in the form of an organic form, which is a medium-sized formulation of an organic product and a medium of a genomic bioavailability medium biologically active products are incorporated into the environment by means of an organic product which is bioavailable in organic materials and / or which is classified as an organic compost. , as soon as the compost has been skipped during the operation of the compartment, the material of the compost may be mixed with the compost and the compartment of the compartment.