ES2567590T3 - Abrasion resistant plates with decorative surface - Google Patents
Abrasion resistant plates with decorative surface Download PDFInfo
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- ES2567590T3 ES2567590T3 ES06806146.4T ES06806146T ES2567590T3 ES 2567590 T3 ES2567590 T3 ES 2567590T3 ES 06806146 T ES06806146 T ES 06806146T ES 2567590 T3 ES2567590 T3 ES 2567590T3
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- varnish
- abrasion resistant
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- resistant particles
- abrasion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
- B44C5/043—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
- B44C5/0469—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper
- B44C5/0476—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper with abrasion resistant properties
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Procedimiento para fabricar una placa, en particular para fabricar un panel de suelo con una superficie decorativa y una capa altamente resistente a la abrasión con las etapas de: a) proporcionar una placa (1), constituida por madera o por un material de madera, con superficie decorativa, b) aplicar un barniz de base (2) preferentemente endurecible por radiación, c) aplicar partículas resistentes a la abrasión (3) sobre el barniz de base, d) aplicar un barniz de cubierta (8) preferentemente endurecible por radiación sobre las partículas resistentes a la abrasión (3), e) endurecer los dos barnices (2, 8) aplicados, preferentemente por radiación.Procedure for manufacturing a plate, in particular for manufacturing a floor panel with a decorative surface and a highly abrasion resistant layer with the steps of: a) providing a plate (1), consisting of wood or a wood material, with decorative surface, b) apply a base varnish (2) preferably radiation curable, c) apply abrasion resistant particles (3) on the base varnish, d) apply a cover varnish (8) preferably radiation curable on the abrasion resistant particles (3), e) harden the two varnishes (2, 8) applied, preferably by radiation.
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Placas resistentes a la abrasion con superficie decorativaAbrasion resistant plates with decorative surface
La invencion se refiere a un procedimiento para fabricar placas altamente resistentes a la abrasion con superficie decorativa, asf como a placas altamente resistentes a la abrasion con superficie decorativa. Una superficie decorativa en el contexto de la invencion es un motivo producido generalmente mediante presion, como, por ejemplo, la imitacion de una estructura de madera. No obstante, tambien puede tratarse de una estructura de madera original que forma la superficie decorativa.The invention relates to a process for manufacturing highly abrasion resistant plates with decorative surface, as well as highly abrasion resistant plates with decorative surface. A decorative surface in the context of the invention is a motif generally produced by pressure, such as the imitation of a wooden structure. However, it can also be an original wooden structure that forms the decorative surface.
Los suelos de parque presentan superficies decorativas, que se forman por medio de madera. Para hacer estas superficies decorativas resistentes, se aplican una o varias capas de barniz transparentes y se endurecen. Si se aplican varias capas de barniz, cada una de las capas de barniz individual, en primer lugar, se endurece o se gelifica, al menos parcialmente, antes de aplicar sobre la misma la siguiente capa de barniz. Mediante el endurecimiento o la gelificacion se puede impedir una delicuescencia de cada una de las capas de barniz individual.Park floors have decorative surfaces, which are formed by means of wood. To make these decorative surfaces resistant, one or more layers of clear varnish are applied and hardened. If several layers of varnish are applied, each of the individual varnish layers first hardens or gels, at least partially, before applying the next layer of varnish on it. By hardening or gelation, a deliquescence of each of the individual varnish layers can be prevented.
Tambien es conocido el uso de los denominados barnices rellenos. A este respecto, se trata de barnices que contienen partfculas ceramicas muy pequenas. El tamano de partfcula se encuentra generalmente en el intervalo nanometrico. Estas partfculas se denominan nanopartfculas. Asf, ademas de tener lugar un sellado de la superficie, se mejora adicionalmente la resistencia a la abrasion. No obstante, dado que las partfculas son muy pequenas, no se puede por ello lograr ya una resistencia a la abrasion de varios miles de revoluciones segun la norma En 13329. Ademas, hay que anadir que despues de cada aplicacion de barniz, una capa aplicada se endurece o se gelifica al menos parcialmente, para que las capas de barniz individuales no delicueszan. La gelificacion tiene la consecuencia, asimismo, de que no se pueden lograr valores de abrasion muy elevados. Lograr valores de abrasion superiores a 3000 revoluciones no es, por lo tanto, posible.The use of so-called filled varnishes is also known. In this regard, these are varnishes that contain very small ceramic particles. The particle size is generally in the nanometric range. These particles are called nanoparticles. Thus, in addition to sealing the surface, abrasion resistance is further improved. However, since the particles are very small, it is no longer possible to achieve abrasion resistance of several thousand revolutions according to the standard In 13329. In addition, it is necessary to add that after each application of varnish, a layer applied it hardens or gels at least partially, so that the individual varnish layers do not thin. The gelation also has the consequence that very high abrasion values cannot be achieved. Achieving abrasion values greater than 3000 revolutions is therefore not possible.
Ademas existen los denominados paneles de suelo de laminados, en los que la superficie decorativa se forma por medio de papel impreso. La superficie de papel decorativo esta provista de una capa resistente a la abrasion, para poder usar tales paneles para el revestimiento de suelos. Tal estado de la tecnica se deduce del documento WO 2005/042644.There are also the so-called laminate floor panels, in which the decorative surface is formed by means of printed paper. The decorative paper surface is provided with an abrasion resistant layer, in order to use such panels for floor covering. Such state of the art is deduced from WO 2005/042644.
Si los papeles decorativos se encuentran en la superficie de un revestimiento de suelos, el papel decorativo que se va a fabricar con la capa resistente a la abrasion aplicada sobre el mismo debe satisfacer una pluralidad particularmente amplia de propiedades. Se trata en particular de que debe lograr una resistencia a la abrasion lo suficientemente elevada como para poder ofrecerse como revestimiento de suelos. Para ser cualitativamente competitivos, los valores de la abrasion deben encontrarse en el sector de los suelos en varios miles de revoluciones. Son practicamente imposibles de vender revestimientos de suelos de laminados que unicamente cumplen las exigencias de las clases AC1 y AC2 segun la norma EN 13329 y que, por ello, presentan unicamente un valor IP de 1800 revoluciones. A modo de ejemplo remftase a las cifras de venta recientes de la empresa Kronospan GmbH de Lampertswalde. El 35 % de su produccion de suelos de laminados pertenece a la clase AC3, lo que corresponde a un valor de abrasion IP de al menos 2500 revoluciones. El 60 % de la produccion pertenece a la clase AC4, lo que corresponde a unos valores de abrasion IP de al menos 4000 revoluciones. El 5 % de la produccion pertenece a la clase AC5, lo que corresponde a unos valores de abrasion IP de al menos 6500 revoluciones.If the decorative papers are on the surface of a floor covering, the decorative paper to be manufactured with the abrasion resistant layer applied thereon must satisfy a particularly wide plurality of properties. It is in particular that it must achieve an abrasion resistance high enough to be offered as floor covering. To be qualitatively competitive, abrasion values must be found in the soil sector at several thousand revolutions. They are practically impossible to sell laminate floor coverings that only meet the requirements of classes AC1 and AC2 according to EN 13329 and that, therefore, have only an IP value of 1800 revolutions. As an example, refer to the recent sales figures of the Kronospan GmbH of Lampertswalde. 35% of its production of laminate floors belongs to class AC3, which corresponds to an IP abrasion value of at least 2500 revolutions. 60% of the production belongs to class AC4, which corresponds to IP abrasion values of at least 4000 revolutions. 5% of the production belongs to class AC5, which corresponds to IP abrasion values of at least 6500 revolutions.
A partir de valores de abrasion IP de al menos 2500 se trata, segun entiende el experto, de un revestimiento que puede venderse en Europa en el sector de los suelos.From IP abrasion values of at least 2500 it is, according to the expert, a coating that can be sold in Europe in the soil sector.
Ademas de la resistencia a la abrasion, tienen un papel otras propiedades como la resistencia al choque y la resistencia qufmica. Si, por ejemplo, se derrama un vaso de vino tinto, esto no debe tener la consecuencia de que permanezca una mancha de vino tinto en el revestimiento.In addition to abrasion resistance, other properties such as shock resistance and chemical resistance have a role. If, for example, a glass of red wine is spilled, this should not have the consequence of a red wine stain remaining on the coating.
En la practica se habfa llevado a cabo, para lograr los objetivos mencionados anteriormente en el sector de los suelos de laminados, el denominado procedimiento humedo sobre humedo con resinas amfnicas (remftase, entre otros, al documento EP 0 875 399 A2, pagina 3, lfnea 44), en el que el papel decorativo se impregna en primer lugar con una resina amfnica. Sobre el papel decorativo impregnado aun humedo se aplica una dispersion a base de una resina amfnica que contiene como partfculas resistentes a la abrasion o abrasivas sobre todo corindon (claro) o en el caso de decoraciones oscuras carburo de silicio (oscuro), tal como se desprende del documento EP 1 270 811 A1. El papel no sirve solo para proporcionar una decoracion. Ademas, fija las resinas amfnicas humedas aplicadas. Este efecto tambien puede compararse con la fijacion que puede lograrse mediante la gelificacion en barnices.In practice, the so-called wet process on wetting with amphibic resins had been carried out to achieve the objectives mentioned above in the laminate flooring sector (refer, among others, to EP 0 875 399 A2, page 3, line 44), in which the decorative paper is first impregnated with an ammonic resin. A dispersion based on an ammonic resin containing abrasion-resistant or abrasive particles on all corundum (light) or in the case of dark decorations of silicon carbide (dark), as applied it follows from EP 1 270 811 A1. The paper does not serve only to provide a decoration. In addition, fix the applied wet amine resins. This effect can also be compared with the fixation that can be achieved by varnish gelation.
La aplicacion humedo sobre humedo garantiza que no se produzcan capas lfmite no deseadas. A este respecto, se usa una resina amfnica, por lo tanto, entre otros motivos, porque esta forma finalmente con su endurecimiento posterior una denominada matriz o una denominada red. Las capas individuales formadas por la resina amfnica no se adhieren solo mecanicamente entre sf. Mas bien, las capas formadas por resina amfnica se unen entre sf mediante enlaces dobles entre las mismas. La matriz o la red presente, entonces, garantizan que exista una union solida. Este es generalmente un primer requisito importante para poder conseguir valores de abrasion altos.The wet application on wet ensures no unwanted limit layers are produced. In this regard, an amphibious resin is used, therefore, among other reasons, because this form finally forms a so-called matrix or a net called with its subsequent hardening. The individual layers formed by the amfnica resin do not only mechanically adhere to each other. Rather, the layers formed by amphibious resin are joined together by double bonds between them. The matrix or network present, then, guarantees that there is a solid union. This is generally an important first requirement in order to achieve high abrasion values.
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Las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion se aplican mediante el procedimiento de humedo sobre humedo por medio de dispersion, porque asf se garantiza que no se forme ninguna superficie lfmite entre las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion que interfiera opticamente y que ademas se pueda lograr asf una integracion muy estable de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion en la matriz de resina.The abrasion-resistant particles are applied by the wet-to-wet method by means of dispersion, because it is thus ensured that no boundary surface is formed between the abrasion-resistant particles that optically interferes and that an integration can thus be achieved. Very stable of abrasion resistant particles in the resin matrix.
Ciertamente, se han realizado pruebas de esparcido de partfculas resistentes a la abrasion, por ejemplo, es decir, de aplicacion de las mismas sin usar una dispersion. En general, no obstante, es normalmente muy diffcil lograr la distribucion uniforme requerida, porque las partfculas tienden a formar aglomerados (vease el documento WO 98/47705, pagina 3, parrafos 1 y 4). Tambien es diffcil embeber las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion de forma suficientemente buena en la resina.Certainly, spreading tests of abrasion resistant particles have been carried out, for example, that is, of application thereof without using a dispersion. In general, however, it is usually very difficult to achieve the uniform distribution required, because the particles tend to form agglomerates (see WO 98/47705, page 3, paragraphs 1 and 4). It is also difficult to soak the abrasion resistant particles sufficiently well in the resin.
Hasta el punto temporal de la presente solicitud, a este respecto, la aplicacion humedo sobre humedo de la resina amfnica es el procedimiento que se ha usado casi exclusivamente en la practica cuando se fabrica un panel de laminado con papel decorativo altamente resistente a la abrasion para el revestimiento de suelos, aunque la fabricacion y la manipulacion de una dispersion con partfculas resistentes a la abrasion o abrasivas presentes en la misma son, con relacion al equipo, relativamente caras. Solo ocasionalmente se lleva a cabo en la practica un procedimiento (como se conoce por el documento WO 2005/042644), en el que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion se esparcen sobre un papel decorativo.Up to the time point of the present application, in this respect, the wet-to-wet application of the amphibious resin is the procedure that has been used almost exclusively in practice when a laminate panel is manufactured with highly abrasion resistant decorative paper for The floor covering, although the manufacture and handling of a dispersion with abrasion resistant or abrasive particles present therein, are relatively expensive in relation to the equipment. Only occasionally is a procedure carried out in practice (as is known from WO 2005/042644), in which the abrasion resistant particles are spread on a decorative paper.
Para poder proporcionar un revestimiento de suelos cualitativamente bueno, las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion deben aplicarse sobre la decoracion de forma uniformemente distribuida. De otro modo, los valores de la abrasion varfan y se producen enturbiamientos en algunos sitios (vease tambien el documento EP 0 875 399 A2, pagina 3, lfneas 24 - 27). Si se realiza una aplicacion en humedo, la aplicacion uniforme presupone basicamente que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion estan ya uniformemente distribuidas en la dispersion de resina amfnica y permanecen asf. Esto es problematico, dado que las partfculas se hunden rapidamente y, por lo tanto, tiene lugar una disociacion de la mezcla. Indican esta circunstancia, entre otros documentos, las publicaciones EP 0 875 399 A2, pagina 3, lfneas 24 - 30; WO 98/47705, pagina 2, parrafo 2; DE 197 10 619, pagina 2, lfneas 18 - 22; EP 0 875 399 A20, pagina 2, lfneas 20 - 22; EP 0 875 399 A23, columna 2, lfneas 48 - 58.In order to provide a qualitatively good floor covering, abrasion resistant particles must be applied to the decoration evenly distributed. Otherwise, abrasion values vary and cloudiness occurs in some places (see also EP 0 875 399 A2, page 3, lines 24-27). If a wet application is carried out, the uniform application basically assumes that the abrasion resistant particles are already uniformly distributed in the dispersion of the resin and remain so. This is problematic, since the particles sink rapidly and, therefore, a dissociation of the mixture takes place. These circumstances indicate, among other documents, publications EP 0 875 399 A2, page 3, lines 24-30; WO 98/47705, page 2, paragraph 2; DE 197 10 619, page 2, lines 18-22; EP 0 875 399 A20, page 2, lines 20-22; EP 0 875 399 A23, column 2, lines 48-58.
El experto familiarizado con el desarrollo de materiales resistentes a la abrasion para suelos tambien estaba enfrentado en el punto temporal de la solicitud al conocimiento ampliamente extendido de que, ciertamente, una aplicacion humedo sobre humedo en el caso de papeles decorativos para revestimiento de suelos es practicamente inevitable, representando un problema importante, no obstante, la homogeneidad de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion en la dispersion de resina amfnica.The expert familiar with the development of abrasion resistant materials for floors was also faced at the time point of the application to the widespread knowledge that, indeed, a wet application on wet in the case of decorative papers for floor covering is practically inevitable, representing an important problem, however, the homogeneity of the abrasion resistant particles in the dispersion of ammonic resin.
El estado de la tecnica contiene diferentes propuestas para poder solucionar este problema. Generalmente se indica que el material abrasivo debe estar en el caso de una aplicacion en humedo en forma de grano particularmente fino (documento EP 0 875 399 A2, reivindicacion 6; DE 196 43 742 A1, parrafo 2 del resumen "feinkorniges Material (material en grano fino)"; WO 98/47705, pagina 2, parrafo 2; DE 2 362 645, pagina 4, parrafo 1; WO 93/17182, pagina 8, lfneas 18 - 19; EP 0 875 399 A23, columna 6, lfneas 24 - 25).The state of the art contains different proposals to solve this problem. It is generally indicated that the abrasive material should be in the case of a wet application in the form of a particularly fine grain (EP 0 875 399 A2, claim 6; DE 196 43 742 A1, paragraph 2 of the summary "feinkorniges Material (material in fine grain) "; WO 98/47705, page 2, paragraph 2; DE 2 362 645, page 4, paragraph 1; WO 93/17182, page 8, lines 18-19; EP 0 875 399 A23, column 6, lines 24-25).
El diametro de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion, no obstante, tampoco debe ser demasiado pequeno, dado que en caso contrario no se logran valores de abrasion altos. Tampoco la cantidad de partfculas resistentes a la abrasion debe ser tan grande que se influya con ello de forma no deseada en la optica. Las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion con un diametro de unos pocos pm son poco adecuadas para lograr que una superficie tenga valores de la abrasion elevados.The diameter of the abrasion resistant particles, however, should not be too small, since otherwise high abrasion values are not achieved. Nor should the amount of abrasion resistant particles be so large that it is undesirably influenced in the optics. Abrasion resistant particles with a diameter of a few pm are poorly suited to achieve a surface with high abrasion values.
Si el papel decorativo se ha impregnado con una capa resistente a la abrasion, este se aplica sobre una placa. Por encima de la placa se dispone una capa superpuesta: Por debajo de la placa se dispone un denominado papel de contratraccion. El sistema de capas se comprime en una prensa con suministro de calor. De la placa se recortan paneles del tamano deseado y se proveen lateralmente mediante fresado de elementos de union tales como ranuras y lenguetas.If the decorative paper has been impregnated with an abrasion resistant layer, it is applied to a plate. A superimposed layer is arranged above the plate: A so-called shrink paper is placed below the plate. The layering system is compressed in a press with heat supply. Panels of the desired size are trimmed from the plate and provided laterally by milling joining elements such as grooves and tabs.
La capa de superposicion es necesaria para proteger la prensa de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion. Las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion no deben sobresalir de las capas durante el prensado, dado que de lo contrario la prensa se danarfa. Tambien en el caso del panel de laminado acabado las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion no deben sobresalir, dado que de lo contrario se queda una superficie indeseadamente rugosa y la optica se ve danada de forma no deseada. Entre otros, por este motivo, las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion no deben sobrepasar un determinado diametro. Asf, en la publicacion WO 2005/042644 se menciona un diametro superior de 200 pm que, no obstante, solo puede llevarse a la practica, realmente, al usar papel relativamente grueso.The overlay layer is necessary to protect the press from abrasion resistant particles. Abrasion resistant particles should not protrude from the layers during pressing, otherwise the press will be damaged. Also in the case of the finished laminate panel, the abrasion-resistant particles must not protrude, since otherwise an undesirably rough surface remains and the optics are damaged in an undesired way. Among others, for this reason, abrasion resistant particles must not exceed a certain diameter. Thus, in the publication WO 2005/042644 a superior diameter of 200 pm is mentioned which, however, can only be practiced, really, by using relatively thick paper.
De una superficie rugosa, que se produce mediante partfculas resistentes a la abrasion existentes, se diferencian superficies de revestimientos que se han provisto de un estampado. Con este fin, la banda de acero de una prensa presenta, por ejemplo, una muestra de estampado, tal como se deduce del documento EP 0 546 402 A2. Un estampado de este tipo se preve sobre todo por motivos decorativos. Para ello se forman normalmente poros deFrom a rough surface, which is produced by existing abrasion resistant particles, surfaces of coatings that have been stamped differ. To this end, the steel strip of a press presents, for example, a stamping sample, as deduced from EP 0 546 402 A2. A print of this type is provided mainly for decorative reasons. For this, pores of
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madera mediante el estampado.wood by stamping.
Un objetivo de la invencion es la obtencion de una placa con superficie decorativa y valores de abrasion elevados de un modo economico.An object of the invention is to obtain a plate with decorative surface and high abrasion values in an economical way.
Para lograr el objetivo se aplica sobre una placa con superficie decorativa un barniz. Se aplican sobre la placa con superficie decorativa partfculas resistentes a la abrasion. Se aplica una capa de barniz adicional y los barnices aplicados se endurecen. Se obtiene entonces una placa que presenta una superficie resistente a la abrasion. La decoracion de una placa puede formarse mediante madera masiva. Para poder hacerla visible, se usan barnices transparentes.To achieve the objective a varnish is applied on a plate with decorative surface. Abrasion resistant particles are applied to the plate with decorative surface. An additional layer of varnish is applied and the applied varnishes harden. A plate is then obtained that has an abrasion resistant surface. The decoration of a plate can be formed by massive wood. To make it visible, transparent varnishes are used.
A diferencia del estado de la tecnica, despues de la aplicacion de una primera capa de barniz este no se endurece o se gelifica, al menos parcialmente, para fijar asf el barniz. Tampoco se usa ningun papel con el que se produzca la fijacion de un primer lfquido aplicado. Por medio de la invencion, por lo tanto, se supera el parecer del experto de que o se debe fijar en primer lugar una primera capa lfquida mediante endurecimiento o gelificacion parcial o debe usarse si no otro medio como el uso de un papel, para lograr la fijacion. Por lo tanto, se logra la aplicacion de varios barnices con partfculas resistentes a la abrasion presentes en los mismos que pueden ser relativamente grandes. En conjunto puede lograrse, por lo tanto, una superficie resistente a la abrasion con valores de abrasion de mas de 3000 revoluciones sin que deba usarse adicionalmente un papel que aumente los costes de fabricacion.Unlike the state of the art, after the application of a first layer of varnish it does not harden or gels, at least partially, to fix the varnish. Nor is any paper used to fix the first applied liquid. By means of the invention, therefore, the opinion of the expert is overcome that either a first liquid layer must first be fixed by partial hardening or gelation or if other means such as the use of a paper should be used to achieve the fixation Therefore, the application of several varnishes with abrasion resistant particles present therein which can be relatively large is achieved. As a whole, therefore, an abrasion resistant surface with abrasion values of more than 3000 revolutions can be achieved without additionally using a paper that increases manufacturing costs.
En una realizacion de la invencion se ha impreso sobre una placa una decoracion y, en concreto, preferentemente mediante impresion indirecta en huecograbado. En comparacion con suelos de laminados con el papel decorativo, se suprime en primer lugar el papel decorativo. Adicionalmente no es necesario ya un papel de contratraccion, que en el estado de la tecnica tiene que contrarrestar una deformacion de la placa. Con ello se ahorra un siguiente papel, incluida la resina para unir el papel de contratraccion con la placa. Tambien se ahorra una capa de superposicion con la cantidad de resina asociada a la misma. La cantidad de barniz usado razonablemente depende, con ello, solo del tamano de partfcula. Por lo tanto, la cantidad de barniz esta adecuadamente limitada por motivos economicos, asf como de manipulacion, de modo que las partfculas no sobresalgan del barniz. Se minimiza asf la cantidad de barniz que deberfa usarse como mfnimo.In one embodiment of the invention a decoration has been printed on a plate and, in particular, preferably by indirect gravure printing. In comparison with laminate floors with decorative paper, the decorative paper is suppressed first. Additionally, a shrink paper is no longer necessary, which in the state of the art has to counteract a deformation of the plate. This saves a following paper, including the resin to join the shrink paper with the plate. It also saves an overlay layer with the amount of resin associated with it. The amount of varnish used reasonably depends, therefore, only on the particle size. Therefore, the amount of varnish is adequately limited for economic reasons, as well as handling, so that the particles do not protrude from the varnish. The amount of varnish that should be used as a minimum is thus minimized.
La impresion indirecta por huecograbado es particularmente adecuada para imprimir debidamente una decoracion, por ejemplo sobre una placa constituida por HDF o MDF. Las tolerancias de espesor pueden compensarse, a saber, mediante los rodillos elasticos usados en la impresion indirecta por huecograbado. Los barnices usados son, ademas, transparentes, para que pueda verse la decoracion.Indirect gravure printing is particularly suitable for properly printing a decoration, for example on a plate consisting of HDF or MDF. The thickness tolerances can be compensated, namely, by the elastic rollers used in indirect gravure printing. The varnishes used are also transparent so that the decoration can be seen.
El diametro promedio de las partfculas abrasivas es en una realizacion de la invencion de 10 a 160 pm, para lograr valores de la abrasion elevados que se esperan por parte de los consumidores europeos en el sector de los suelos. Preferentemente, el diametro promedio es de 20 a 40 pm. El diametro de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion presentes se encuentra entonces en su mayor parte dentro del intervalo del diametro de partfcula promedio, es decir, por ejemplo, entre 20 y 40 pm.The average diameter of the abrasive particles is in an embodiment of the invention from 10 to 160 pm, to achieve high abrasion values that are expected by European consumers in the soil sector. Preferably, the average diameter is from 20 to 40 pm. The diameter of the abrasion resistant particles present is then mostly within the range of the average particle diameter, that is, for example, between 20 and 40 pm.
Con ello, por una parte, se pueden lograr asf valores de la abrasion claramente superiores a 2500 revoluciones. Sin mas, son posibles valores de la abrasion de mas de 3000 revoluciones segun la norma en cuestion mencionada al comienzo. Por otra parte, se asegura asf que no haya presencia de ninguna superficie rugosa no deseada por medio de una pluralidad de dichas partfculas resistentes a la abrasion. Tambien puede mantenerse la cantidad de partfculas resistentes a la abrasion lo suficientemente pequena para que no influya demasiado intensamente en la optica.With this, on the one hand, abrasion values clearly above 2500 revolutions can be achieved. Without more, abrasion values of more than 3000 revolutions are possible according to the standard in question mentioned at the beginning. On the other hand, it is thus ensured that there is no presence of any unwanted rough surface by means of a plurality of said abrasion resistant particles. The amount of abrasion resistant particles can also be kept small enough that it does not influence the optics too strongly.
El intervalo mencionado de 20 a 40 pm es particularmente preferente, dado que asf, por una parte, se logran los valores de la abrasion elevados deseados y, por otra parte, se pueden manipular sin problemas las cantidades de barniz que se van a usar adecuadamente.The mentioned range of 20 to 40 pm is particularly preferred, since, on the one hand, the desired high abrasion values are achieved and, on the other hand, the amounts of varnish to be used properly can be handled without problems. .
En una realizacion de la invencion se aplica en primer lugar un barniz de base sobre una placa. A continuacion se esparcen las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion y, en concreto, preferentemente corindon sobre el barniz de base aun humedo. Despues se aplica un barniz de cubierta sobre el barniz de base humedo con las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion esparcidas. Despues, el barniz de base y el barniz de cubierta se endurecen conjuntamente. El diametro promedio de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion es entonces preferentemente de 10 a 60 pm, de modo particularmente preferente de 20 a 40 pm. Si se elige un diametro promedio de 20 a 40 pm, el diametro de partfcula no sobrepasa generalmente el valor de 60 pm.In one embodiment of the invention, a base varnish is first applied to a plate. The abrasion resistant particles are then spread and, in particular, preferably corundum on the still wet base varnish. Then a cover varnish is applied on the wet base varnish with the abrasion resistant particles scattered. Then, the base varnish and cover varnish harden together. The average diameter of the abrasion resistant particles is then preferably from 10 to 60 pm, particularly preferably from 20 to 40 pm. If an average diameter of 20 to 40 pm is chosen, the particle diameter generally does not exceed the value of 60 pm.
Se ha demostrado, sorprendentemente que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion se introducen por medio de la dispersion de forma lo suficientemente profunda en el barniz de base y, con ello, se embeben en el barniz de base. Esto es importante para lograr unos valores de la abrasion elevados y para hacer que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion no sobresalgan de forma no deseada de la capa de barniz de cubierta. Tambien es posible, sorprendentemente, poder renunciar a la manipulacion de una dispersion.Surprisingly, it has been shown that abrasion resistant particles are introduced deep enough into the base varnish by dispersion and thereby embedded in the base varnish. This is important in order to achieve high abrasion values and to make the abrasion resistant particles not undesirably protrude from the coating varnish layer. It is also possible, surprisingly, to be able to give up the manipulation of a dispersion.
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No obstante, en un modo de realizacion se puede fabricar en primer lugar una dispersion de barniz de base, con las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion que se encuentran en el mismo. Si esta se pulveriza, la dispersion puede moverse de forma suficientemente intensa, a este respecto, como para mantener las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion en suspension. De todas las maneras, el esparcido es preferente, dado que funciona y no debe manipularse ninguna dispersion.However, in one embodiment, a base varnish dispersion can be manufactured first, with the abrasion-resistant particles found therein. If it is sprayed, the dispersion can move sufficiently intense, in this respect, to keep the abrasion resistant particles in suspension. In any case, spreading is preferred, since it works and no dispersion should be handled.
Para aumentar adicionalmente los valores de la abrasion, las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion se recubren preferentemente con un agente adhesivo de silano y se esparcen en este estado. El embebido de las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion en el barniz se mejora asf adicionalmente.To further increase the abrasion values, the abrasion resistant particles are preferably coated with a silane bonding agent and spread in this state. The embedding of the abrasion resistant particles in the varnish is thus further improved.
En una realizacion de la invencion se usan barnices endurecibles por radiacion UV y se endurecen mediante luz ultravioleta y, de hecho, preferentemente con cierre hermetico al aire. Si se endurecen barnices endurecibles por UV con cierre hermetico al aire, la conversion de enlaces dobles durante el endurecimiento es superior al 90 %. Sin cierre hermetico al aire pueden lograrse, por el contrario, conversiones de enlaces dobles de unicamente el 50 al 60 %. Por medio de los enlaces dobles se forma una red, que se extiende del barniz de base hasta el barniz de cubierta. Se logran entonces valores de la abrasion particularmente elevados.In one embodiment of the invention UV curable varnishes are used and hardened by ultraviolet light and, in fact, preferably with air tight seal. If UV hardenable varnishes with air tight seal are hardened, the conversion of double bonds during hardening is greater than 90%. Without airtight closure, on the contrary, conversions of double bonds of only 50 to 60% can be achieved. Through the double bonds a network is formed, which extends from the base varnish to the cover varnish. Particularly high abrasion values are then achieved.
Si se usa un barniz que puede endurecerse mediante luz UV, este presenta preferentemente aditivos fotoiniciadores y, en concreto, preferentemente del 0,3 al 5 % en peso. Asf se mejora la posibilidad de poder reticular el barniz usado en cada caso mediante luz ultravioleta.If a varnish that can be hardened by UV light is used, it preferably has photoinitiating additives and, in particular, preferably 0.3 to 5% by weight. Thus, the possibility of crosslinking the varnish used in each case by ultraviolet light is improved.
En una realizacion de la invencion se usan barnices endurecibles mediante radiacion electronica, que se endurecen mediante radiacion electronica con exclusion del aire. Tambien se logra asf una conversion muy elevada de los enlaces dobles mediante el endurecimiento. Se forma una red de modo que puedan lograrse valores de la abrasion muy elevados.In one embodiment of the invention hardenable varnishes are used by electronic radiation, which are hardened by electronic radiation with exclusion of air. A very high conversion of the double bonds is also achieved by hardening. A net is formed so that very high abrasion values can be achieved.
De modo particularmente sencillo se logra el endurecimiento o la reticulacion con cierre hermetico al aire o exclusion de aire, cubriendo la superficie de la placa que se va a endurecer, por ejemplo durante el endurecimiento con una lamina que permita el paso de radiacion UV y/o electronica sin, con ello, destruirla. Las laminas a base de polfmeros cumplen dichas exigencias. Puede suprimirse un barrido tecnicamente caro con gas inerte durante el endurecimiento. Tambien se asegura con el uso de la lamina la mejora adicional de que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion se embeban en el barniz.In a particularly simple way, hardening or crosslinking is achieved with air-tight closure or exclusion of air, covering the surface of the plate to be hardened, for example during hardening with a sheet that allows the passage of UV radiation and / or electronic without destroying it. Polymer-based sheets meet these requirements. A technically expensive sweep with inert gas can be suppressed during hardening. The additional improvement that abrasion resistant particles are embedded in the varnish is also ensured with the use of the sheet.
En una realizacion de la invencion se cubre la superficie decorativa de la placa con una lamina que proporciona estructura, preferentemente a base de polfmeros, durante el endurecimiento. Se logra por una parte el cierre hermetico al aire deseado durante el endurecimiento. Por otra parte, se provee inmediatamente la superficie de una estructura, sin que se prense una estructura con presion elevada, como en el estado de la tecnica.In one embodiment of the invention the decorative surface of the plate is covered with a sheet that provides structure, preferably based on polymers, during hardening. On the one hand, the hermetic seal to the desired air is achieved during hardening. On the other hand, the surface of a structure is immediately provided, without pressing a structure with high pressure, as in the state of the art.
El barniz de cubierta presenta preferentemente un antiadherente para poder retirar de nuevo sin problemas el recubrimiento, es decir, por ejemplo, la lamina que proporciona estructura, despues del endurecimiento.The cover varnish preferably has a non-stick to be able to remove the coating without problems, that is, for example, the sheet providing structure, after hardening.
En otra realizacion de la invencion se diferencian barniz de base y barniz de cubierta. El barniz de base se elige de modo que este proporcione una buena adherencia al sustrato y sea capaz de compensar las tensiones internas. El barniz de cubierta se elige de modo que este se comporte de modo particularmente resistente al rayado, se pueda cargar mecanicamente y no sea sensible frente a influencias qufmicas. Para lograr estos objetivos se tiene que proporcionar preferentemente el barniz de cubierta, de modo que con este se pueda lograr un grado de reticulacion elevado en comparacion con el barniz de base. Tambien los barnices estan provistos, preferentemente, alternativa o adicionalmente de aditivos que promueven las propiedades deseadas en cada caso.In another embodiment of the invention, base varnish and cover varnish are differentiated. The base varnish is chosen so that it provides good adhesion to the substrate and is able to compensate for internal stresses. The cover varnish is chosen so that it behaves in a particularly scratch-resistant manner, can be mechanically loaded and not sensitive to chemical influences. In order to achieve these objectives, the cover varnish should preferably be provided, so that a high degree of crosslinking can be achieved in comparison with the base varnish. Also the varnishes are provided, preferably, alternatively or additionally with additives that promote the desired properties in each case.
En una realizacion de la invencion, como barnices se usan barnices de acrilato a base de poliuretano o a base de poliester alifatico, que se ha determinado que son adecuados. Para ajustar la capacidad de reticulacion y la viscosidad deseadas, se anaden dfmeros a los barnices usados en una realizacion. Para ajustar la viscosidad, se anaden monomeros en una realizacion.In one embodiment of the invention, as varnishes acrylic polyurethane based or aliphatic polyester based varnishes are used, which have been determined to be suitable. To adjust the desired crosslinking capacity and viscosity, dimmers are added to the varnishes used in one embodiment. To adjust the viscosity, monomers are added in one embodiment.
Si se aplica un barniz con un rodillo, se ajusta una viscosidad de preferentemente 15 a 180 Pa s, de modo particularmente preferente de 60 a 80 Pas. Si se aplica un barniz mediante vertido, se ajusta una viscosidad de preferentemente 30 a 70 Pas, de modo particularmente preferente de 40 a 60 Pas.If a varnish is applied with a roller, a viscosity of preferably 15 to 180 Pa s is adjusted, particularly preferably 60 to 80 Pas. If a varnish is applied by pouring, a viscosity of preferably 30 to 70 Pas is adjusted, particularly preferably 40 to 60 Pas.
En total se genera segun la invencion un espesor de capa por encima de la decoracion de preferentemente 100 pm. Esta capa comprende ambas capas de barnices aplicadas y las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion presentes en las mismas. Esta capa, constituida por barniz de base y de cubierta con las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion presentes en los mismos, tiene preferentemente al menos un espesor de 80 pm, para hacer que las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion, con un diametro promedio de 20 a 40 pm, no sobresalgan eficazmente del barniz y para posibilitar una buena estructuracion de la superficie, es decir, por ejemplo, una formacion de poros de madera.In total, a layer thickness above the decoration of preferably 100 pm is generated according to the invention. This layer comprises both layers of applied varnishes and the abrasion resistant particles present therein. This layer, consisting of base and cover varnish with the abrasion resistant particles present therein, preferably has at least a thickness of 80 pm, to make the particles resistant to abrasion, with an average diameter of 20 to 40 pm, they do not effectively protrude from the varnish and to enable a good structuring of the surface, that is, for example, a formation of wood pores.
Se pueden lograr valores de la abrasion de hasta 8500 revoluciones. Este valor corresponde a la clase 34 en elAbrasion values of up to 8500 revolutions can be achieved. This value corresponds to class 34 in the
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sector de los paneles de suelo.floor panel sector.
A continuacion describimos la invencion con respecto a un ejemplo preferente.Next we describe the invention with respect to a preferred example.
La superficie de una placa constituida por HDF se pule finamente. Una imprimacion, es decir un agente adhesivo, se aplica sobre la superficie pulida. La aplicacion humeda se seca. La superficie se alisa ahora con un sistema de acrilato con una proporcion de solidos elevada y a continuacion se seca. Sobre la misma se aplica una pintura de base para proporcionar, por ejemplo, un tono basico claro. Preferentemente, la pintura de base se aplica mediante vertido con una separacion, dado que la superficie de una placa se provee sin contacto con la aplicacion de pintura. La pintura de base se seca a continuacion y se nivela, por ejemplo con una calandra. A continuacion se provee la cara posterior de la placa tambien con una pintura, que forma una capa de barrera frente a la entrada de humedad. Esta impide una deformacion.The surface of a plate consisting of HDF is finely polished. A primer, that is an adhesive agent, is applied on the polished surface. The wet application dries. The surface is now smoothed with an acrylate system with a high proportion of solids and then dried. On it a base paint is applied to provide, for example, a light basic tone. Preferably, the base paint is applied by pouring with a separation, since the surface of a plate is provided without contact with the paint application. The base paint is then dried and leveled, for example with a calender. Next, the back side of the plate is also provided with a paint, which forms a barrier layer in front of the moisture inlet. This prevents deformation.
Con un aparato de impresion de cuatro colores se imprime a continuacion un motivo mediante impresion indirecta en huecograbado sobre la pintura de base seca y alisada. El motivo impreso se seca.With a four-color printing apparatus, a motif is then printed by indirect gravure printing on the dry and smoothed base paint. The printed motif dries.
Como pintura de base se usa Laromer® UP 35 D de la empresa BASF, a la que se anade como componente de reticulacion Laromer® HDDA de la empresa BASF para ajustar la capacidad de reticulacion y de la viscosidad. El Laromer® UP 35 D sirve para fabricar barnices tapaporos y de cubierta para madera y materiales de madera. Se trata de una resina de poliester insaturado reactiva con el medio, a aproximadamente el 55 % en diacrilato de dipropilenglicol. Esta se suministra como una resina clara, levemente amarilla, de viscosidad media, con una viscosidad de 3 a 6 Pa-s. El dfmero Laromer® HDDA es un diacrilato de hexanodiol C12H18O4:Laromer® UP 35 D from the BASF company is used as the base paint, which is used as the Laromer® HDDA cross-linking component of the BASF company to adjust the cross-linking capacity and viscosity. Laromer® UP 35 D is used to make cover and varnish varnishes for wood and wood materials. It is an unsaturated polyester resin reactive with the medium, at approximately 55% in dipropylene glycol diacrylate. This is supplied as a clear, slightly yellow, medium viscosity resin with a viscosity of 3 to 6 Pa-s. The Laromer® HDDA dimer is a C12H18O4 hexanediol diacrylate:
CH2 s CH - C - O - (CH2)g - O - C - CH = ch2 • II J IICH2 s CH - C - O - (CH2) g - O - C - CH = ch2 • II J II
0 o0 or
El barniz de base se aplica con una cantidad de 20 a 50 g/m2.The base varnish is applied with an amount of 20 to 50 g / m2.
Sobre este barniz humedo se esparcen ahora partfculas de corindon u oxido de aluminio. Las partfculas estan recubiertas con un agente adhesivo de silano. El diametro promedio de las partfculas se encuentra entre 20 y 40 pm. No se sobrepasa, en general, un diametro de 60 pm.Particles of corundum or aluminum oxide are now spread on this wet varnish. The particles are coated with a silane adhesive agent. The average diameter of the particles is between 20 and 40 pm. In general, a diameter of 60 pm is not exceeded.
La cantidad de corindon depende del valor de la abrasion deseado que debe lograrse. La cantidad puede ser de hasta el 50 % en peso con respecto a la cantidad total de barniz usada. Algunos ensayos han mostrado que ya una cantidad de 25 g/m2 proporciona buenos valores de la abrasion y con esta cantidad no se detecta practicamente ningun perjuicio optico.The amount of corundum depends on the desired abrasion value to be achieved. The amount can be up to 50% by weight with respect to the total amount of varnish used. Some tests have shown that already an amount of 25 g / m2 provides good abrasion values and with this amount virtually no optical damage is detected.
A continuacion se aplica preferentemente un barniz de cubierta sobre el barniz de base con las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion esparcidas. Como resina de base para el barniz de cubierta se ha elegido Laromer® LR 8987 de la empresa BASF. Se trata de una resina de acrilato para la fabricacion de barnices endurecibles por radiacion, entre otros para madera y materiales de madera con la composicion de acrilato de uretano alifatico al 70 % en diacrilato de hexanodiol. La viscosidad a 23° es de 4 a 6 Pa - s. Con ello, los barnices proporcionados destacan por un amarilleo muy reducido. Para poder endurecer este barniz con luz UV se anade un fotoiniciador en una cantidad del 2 al 5 % en peso. La viscosidad deseada se ajusta mediante la adicion de Laromer® DPGDA de la empresa BASF. A este respecto se trata de diacrilato de dipropilenglicol C12H18O5:Next, a cover varnish is preferably applied on the base varnish with the abrasion resistant particles scattered. Laromer® LR 8987 from BASF has been chosen as the base resin for the cover varnish. It is an acrylate resin for the manufacture of radiation-curable varnishes, among others for wood and wood materials with the composition of 70% aliphatic urethane acrylate in hexanediol diacrylate. The viscosity at 23 ° is from 4 to 6 Pa - s. With this, the varnishes provided stand out for a very small yellowing. To harden this varnish with UV light a photoinitiator is added in an amount of 2 to 5% by weight. The desired viscosity is adjusted by the addition of Laromer® DPGDA from BASF. In this regard it is dipropylene glycol diacrylate C12H18O5:
CH.,CH.,
= CH - C - O - (CH - CH?- O)., - C - CH = CH?= CH - C - O - (CH - CH? - O)., - C - CH = CH?
II I IIII I II
O CH3 OO CH3 O
La aplicacion se efectua preferentemente del modo que se desprende de la figura 1. Por encima de la placa de HDF 1 con el barniz de base 2 aplicado, incluidas las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion 3 esparcidas, se aplica una lamina que proporciona estructura 4 haciendo girar un rodillo o un cilindro 5 sobre los rodillos 6 y 7. Inmediatamente antes de disponer la lamina que proporciona estructura 4, que limita con el primer rodillo 6 previsto para la disposicion, se anade el barniz de cubierta 8 y, en concreto, de modo que este cierre el proceso de endurecimiento inmediatamente posterior hermeticamente al aire hacia el exterior. Por encima de la lamina que proporciona estructura 4 dispuesta se encuentra un dispositivo 9 para el endurecimiento de barniz de base y de cubiertaThe application is preferably carried out in the manner shown in Figure 1. Above the HDF plate 1 with the base varnish 2 applied, including the abrasion-resistant particles 3 spread, a sheet is provided that provides structure 4 making rotate a roller or a cylinder 5 on the rollers 6 and 7. Immediately before arranging the sheet providing structure 4, which limits with the first roller 6 provided for the arrangement, cover varnish 8 is added and, in particular, of so that it closes the hardening process immediately after air tightly outwards. Above the sheet providing structure 4 arranged there is a device 9 for hardening base and cover varnish
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mediante radiacion. La lamina que proporciona estructura 4 se enrolla de nuevo con otro rodillo 10. La placa 1 se transporta con una banda transportadora 12 de forma paralela a la lamina que proporciona estructura dispuesta con una velocidad constante en direccion de la flecha 11.by radiation. The sheet providing structure 4 is wound again with another roller 10. The plate 1 is transported with a conveyor belt 12 parallel to the sheet providing structure arranged at a constant speed in the direction of the arrow 11.
Por medio de la lamina que proporciona estructura se logra el cierre hermetico al aire deseado y una estructura de superficie deseada. Posteriormente se logra embutir las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion eventualmente presentes en el barniz. En total se logra de este modo embeber adecuadamente las partfculas resistentes a la abrasion en el barniz. Se obtiene como resultado una placa con partfculas resistentes a la abrasion embebidas en una red, de modo que se pueda lograr sin problemas un valor de la abrasion de 4000 revoluciones segun la norma EN 13329, presentada en junio de 2000, y superior.By means of the sheet that provides structure the hermetic seal to the desired air and a desired surface structure is achieved. Subsequently, the abrasion resistant particles are eventually embedded in the varnish. In total, this way, the abrasion resistant particles in the varnish can be properly embedded. As a result, a plate with abrasion resistant particles embedded in a network is obtained, so that an abrasion value of 4000 revolutions according to EN 13329, presented in June 2000, and higher can be achieved without problems.
En lugar de la lamina que proporciona estructura se puede usar tambien una lamina con una superficie lisa si unicamente con ello se quiere lograr una resistencia a la abrasion particularmente alta de la superficie sin la presencia de una estructura de superficie.Instead of the sheet that provides structure, a sheet with a smooth surface can also be used if it is only desired to achieve a particularly high abrasion resistance of the surface without the presence of a surface structure.
A partir de la placa se obtienen despues paneles de suelo y se proveen lateralmente de medios de union, por ejemplo de ranuras y lenguetas, ademas de otros medios de bloqueo que posibiliten una union sin cola de los paneles.From the plate, floor panels are then obtained and laterally provided with joining means, for example grooves and tabs, in addition to other locking means that allow a glueless connection of the panels.
Los barnices pueden contener aditivos habituales tales como silicona, asf como aceites polimerizables, por ejemplo para mejorar la humectacion del sustrato o si no para promover la ventilacion o el grado de brillo.The varnishes may contain customary additives such as silicone, as well as polymerizable oils, for example to improve the wetting of the substrate or else to promote ventilation or the degree of gloss.
Por debajo de una placa fabricada segun la invencion pueden aplicarse una o mas capas absorbentes del sonido. En comparacion con el estado de la tecnica se obtiene la absorcion del sonido particularmente buena, dado que existe un numero reducido de capas lfmite que reflejan de nuevo desventajosamente el sonido. Una capa absorbente del sonido en el sentido de la invencion consiste por ejemplo en un material termoplastico que preferentemente presenta a temperatura ambiente un comportamiento de relajacion particularmente destacado. Entonces, el sonido introducido en la capa a temperatura ambiente se absorbe de modo particularmente fuerte. La capa puede ser muy fina y ser inferior a 1 mm.Below one plate manufactured according to the invention one or more sound absorbing layers can be applied. Compared to the state of the art, particularly good sound absorption is obtained, since there is a small number of limited layers that reflect the sound again disadvantageously. A sound-absorbing layer in the sense of the invention consists, for example, of a thermoplastic material that preferably exhibits a particularly prominent relaxation behavior at room temperature. Then, the sound introduced into the layer at room temperature is absorbed particularly strongly. The layer can be very thin and be less than 1 mm.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200520015978 DE202005015978U1 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2005-10-10 | Plate for panel of floor covering, has decorative surface to which paint film is attached, where film contains abrasion resistance particle, and diameter of abrasion resistance particle lies between ten to hundred and sixty micrometers |
| DE202005015978U | 2005-10-10 | ||
| DE202005016804 | 2005-10-25 | ||
| DE202005016804U | 2005-10-25 | ||
| PCT/EP2006/009771 WO2007042258A1 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-10 | Abrasion-resistant slabs having a decorative surface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2567590T3 true ES2567590T3 (en) | 2016-04-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES06806146.4T Active ES2567590T3 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-10-10 | Abrasion resistant plates with decorative surface |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1937476B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2567590T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL1937476T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2404861C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007042258A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1951436B1 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2009-08-12 | S.D. Warren Company, D/B/A | Coating device comprising flowing coating material for smooth or structured surfaces |
| EP2121198B1 (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2011-08-31 | Kronoplus Technical AG | Method for printing directly onto boards of wood-based material |
| US9783996B2 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2017-10-10 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Fibre based panels with a wear resistance surface |
| CN101868332A (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2010-10-20 | 瓦林格创新比利时股份有限公司 | Recycling of laminate floorings |
| DE102007062407B4 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2010-05-12 | Resopal Gmbh | Multilayer composite panel |
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| CN1860187B (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2011-04-20 | 克诺普拉斯技术股份公司 | Decorative paper with sprinkled corundum, coated with an adhesive |
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| DE102004043355B4 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-09-21 | Kronotec Ag | impregnate |
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- 2006-10-10 EP EP06806146.4A patent/EP1937476B1/en active Active
- 2006-10-10 ES ES06806146.4T patent/ES2567590T3/en active Active
- 2006-10-10 RU RU2008113530/04A patent/RU2404861C2/en active
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| PL1937476T3 (en) | 2016-07-29 |
| WO2007042258A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| EP1937476A1 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
| RU2404861C2 (en) | 2010-11-27 |
| EP1937476B1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
| RU2008113530A (en) | 2009-11-20 |
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