ES2264879A1 - Panel for acoustic treatment involving fragmentation of reverberated sound - Google Patents

Panel for acoustic treatment involving fragmentation of reverberated sound

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Publication number
ES2264879A1
ES2264879A1 ES200500648A ES200500648A ES2264879A1 ES 2264879 A1 ES2264879 A1 ES 2264879A1 ES 200500648 A ES200500648 A ES 200500648A ES 200500648 A ES200500648 A ES 200500648A ES 2264879 A1 ES2264879 A1 ES 2264879A1
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Spain
Prior art keywords
panel
sound
enclosure
face
tubular
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Granted
Application number
ES200500648A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2264879B1 (en
Inventor
Angel Julio Moreton Cesteros
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to ES200500648A priority Critical patent/ES2264879B1/en
Priority to PCT/ES2006/000133 priority patent/WO2006100327A2/en
Publication of ES2264879A1 publication Critical patent/ES2264879A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2264879B1 publication Critical patent/ES2264879B1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8428Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling containing specially shaped acoustical bodies, e.g. funnels, egg-crates, fanfolds

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a panel for acoustic treatment involving fragmentation of the reverberated sound. The inventive panel (2) is formed by an assembly of tubular elements of variable cross-section (1), comprising two faces with different sound transmission properties, namely: an open face which enables sound transmission and which is shown in the figure, and an opposing closed face which mainly reflects sound. According to the invention, the closed face is positioned facing an enclosure, at a distance therefrom, such that an incident sound pulse on the open face reaches the enclosure, is then reflected towards the closed face from where it is once again reflected towards the enclosure, thereby reverberating for a time between the enclosure and the panel. Of each incident pulse on the closed face, only a small part of the reverberated pulse passes therethrough, such that the incident pulse returned to the room is transformed into a series of successive fragments with much smaller and decreasing intensity, which are separated from one another by time intervals that are proportional to the distance between the panel and the enclosure.

Description

Panel para tratamiento acústico mediante fragmentación del sonido reverberado.Acoustic treatment panel by Reverberated sound fragmentation.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

El objeto de la presente invención es la obtención de un dispositivo en forma de panel o pantalla, que mejore la percepción del sonido producido en el interior de una sala cerrada, o sea sus características acústicas, mediante la fragmentación o difusión del sonido reflejado por los cerramientos de dicha sala, o reverberado.The object of the present invention is the obtaining a device in the form of a panel or screen, which improve the perception of the sound produced inside a closed room, that is its acoustic characteristics, by means of fragmentation or diffusion of the sound reflected by the enclosures of said room, or reverberated.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Me referiré exclusivamente al dispositivo conocido por la técnica como "difusor de Schroeder" por ser, dentro de la enorme variedad de elementos disponibles para tratamiento acústico, el único antecedente directo relacionado con la invención.I will refer exclusively to the device known by the technique as "Schroeder diffuser" for being, within the huge variety of elements available for acoustic treatment, the only direct antecedent related to the invention.

El difusor de Manfred R. Schroeder es un dispositivo que presenta sobre una de sus caras, una serie de ranuras o huecos de diferentes profundidades. El sonido que incide sobre dicha cara del difusor, es dividido por los huecos en fragmentos que penetran en su interior y se reflejan al llegar al fondo, por lo que cada hueco devuelve a la sala su fragmento con un atraso de fase proporcional a su profundidad.The Manfred R. Schroeder diffuser is a device that presents on one of its faces, a series of slots or gaps of different depths. The sound that hits on said face of the diffuser, it is divided by the gaps in fragments that penetrate inside and reflect when they reach the background, so each hole returns to the room its fragment with a  phase delay proportional to its depth.

La Figura 11 muestra en sección, algunos huecos de un difusor de Schroeder en su versión básica (21), su profundidad máxima (G), y mediante rayos y vectores, el recorrido de un pulso sonoro con frente de onda plano (13) que incide perpendicularmente sobre su superficie, los fragmentos incidentes en cada hueco (22), los fragmentos reflejados (23), y sus atrasos de fase (H).Figure 11 shows in section, some gaps of a Schroeder diffuser in its basic version (21), its maximum depth (G), and through rays and vectors, the path of a sound pulse with flat wave front (13) that affects perpendicularly on its surface, the incident fragments in each hole (22), the reflected fragments (23), and their arrears phase (H).

En su conjunto, dichos fragmentos reflejados producen un sonido más difuso que el correspondiente a una superficie plana y permiten en consecuencia una mejor percepción del sonido directo producido, tanto en salas de audición como de grabación musical.Taken together, these reflected fragments produce a more diffuse sound than that corresponding to a flat surface and consequently allow a better perception of the direct sound produced, both in listening rooms and in music recording

Este difusor se utiliza principalmente fijado a los cerramientos y es bastante costoso de fabricar, sobre todo en sus versiones más complejas.This diffuser is mainly used fixed to the enclosures and it is quite expensive to manufacture, especially in its more complex versions.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention - Propuesta básica- Basic proposal

El panel para tratamiento acústico mediante fragmentación del sonido reverberado, se caracteriza por estar formado por un conjunto de elementos tubulares (1), que presentan cada uno de ellos su sección transversal variable, de manera que el área de la sección transversal en uno de sus extremos (A) sea mayor que el área de la sección transversal del extremo opuesto (B).The panel for acoustic treatment by fragmentation of reverberated sound, is characterized by being formed by a set of tubular elements (1), which have each of them its variable cross section, so that the cross sectional area at one of its ends (A) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the opposite end (B).

La Figura 1 muestra un ejemplo de elemento tubular, componente básico que caracteriza la formación del panel, de sección transversal cuadrada y caras planas (1).Figure 1 shows an example of an element tubular, basic component that characterizes the formation of the panel, square cross section and flat faces (1).

La Figura 2 muestra algunos elementos geométricos del elemento tubular (1): el área de la sección transversal en su extremo mayor (A), el área de la sección transversal en su extremo menor (B), su longitud (C) y el ángulo (\alpha) formado por sus caras opuestas.Figure 2 shows some elements geometries of the tubular element (1): the area of the section transverse at its major end (A), the area of the section transverse at its lower end (B), its length (C) and the angle (?) formed by their opposite faces.

Los elementos tubulares (1) se ubican paralelamente uno junto a otro tal que presenten del mismo lado los extremos de sección transversal de mayor área (A) formando una cara del panel, de manera que elementos tubulares adyacentes estén unidos entre sí, directamente a través del contacto mutuo de los bordes de dichos extremos o indirectamente a través de un elemento estructural intermedio (3) sin dejar espacios abiertos, determinando con su longitud (C) la profundidad del panel, y formando con los bordes de los extremos de sección transversal de menor área (B) la otra cara opuesta del panel.The tubular elements (1) are located parallel to each other so that they present the same side cross-sectional ends of greater area (A) forming a face of the panel, so that adjacent tubular elements are linked together, directly through the mutual contact of edges of said ends or indirectly through an element intermediate structural (3) without leaving open spaces, determining with its length (C) the depth of the panel, and forming with the edges of the cross-sectional ends of smaller area (B) the other opposite side of the panel.

La Figura 3 muestra un panel (3) formado por 12 elementos tubulares (1) y dos elementos estructurales intermedios (2), visto desde la cara formada por los extremos de los elementos tubulares de sección transversal de menor área (B), o cara "cerrada".Figure 3 shows a panel (3) formed by 12 tubular elements (1) and two intermediate structural elements (2), seen from the face formed by the ends of the elements Tubular cross-section of smaller area (B), or face "closed".

- Variante constructiva- Construction variant

Esta variante constructiva se caracteriza porque los elementos tubulares se fijan individualmente (1) o en un conjunto o panel (3) en el interior de un marco tubular de montaje, de forma que no queden espacios abiertos entre los bordes perimetrales del extremo de sección transversal de mayor área del elemento tubular o de su conjunto y la superficie interior del marco, formando una unidad o bloque de construcción, que se utilizan individualmente o se instalan uno junto a otro para cubrir superficies de mayor tamaño.This constructive variant is characterized because the tubular elements are fixed individually (1) or in a assembly or panel (3) inside a tubular mounting frame, so that there are no open spaces between the edges perimeters of the cross-sectional end of greater area of the tubular element or as a whole and the inner surface of the frame, forming a unit or building block, which used individually or installed next to each other to cover larger surfaces.

La Figura 4 muestra un ejemplo de variante constructiva en la que un elemento tubular (1) está fijado en el interior de un marco perimetral tubular de montaje (4) de profundidad (D), recortado para mejor visualización, formando una unidad o bloque de construcción (5), visto desde el lado del extremo del elemento tubular de sección transversal de mayor área (A) o su cara "abierta".Figure 4 shows an example of a variant constructive in which a tubular element (1) is fixed in the inside of a tubular perimeter mounting frame (4) of depth (D), cropped for better viewing, forming a unit or building block (5), seen from the side of the end of the tubular cross-sectional element of greater area (A) or his "open" face.

La Figura 5 muestra otro ejemplo de variante constructiva en la que dos elementos tubulares (1) están fijados en el interior de un marco perimetral tubular de montaje (6), formando una unidad o bloque de construcción (7), visto desde el lado del extremo del elemento tubular de sección transversal de menor área (B) o su cara "cerrada".Figure 5 shows another example of a variant constructive in which two tubular elements (1) are fixed in the inside of a tubular perimeter mounting frame (6), forming a unit or building block (7), seen from the side of the end of the tubular cross-sectional element of smaller area (B) or his face "closed."

La Figura 6 muestra parcialmente un panel (8) formado por un conjunto de bloques de construcción (7), visto desde el lado del extremo del elemento tubular de sección transversal de mayor área (A) o su cara "abierta".Figure 6 partially shows a panel (8) formed by a set of building blocks (7), seen from the end side of the tubular cross-sectional element of greater area (A) or its "open" face.

La Figura 7 muestra otro ejemplo de variante constructiva, en la que un panel (3), formado por 12 elementos tubulares (1) y dos elementos estructurales intermedios (2), está fijado en el interior de un marco perimetral tubular de montaje (9) de profundidad (D), recortado parcialmente para mejor visualización, formando un conjunto (10), visto desde el lado del extremo del elemento tubular de sección transversal de mayor área (A) o su cara "abierta" e instalado a una distancia (E) de separación de un cerramiento (11).Figure 7 shows another example of a variant constructive, in which a panel (3), consisting of 12 elements tubular (1) and two intermediate structural elements (2), is fixed inside a tubular perimeter mounting frame (9) depth (D), partially trimmed for better visualization, forming a set (10), seen from the side of the end of the tubular cross-sectional element of greater area (A) or your face "open" and installed at a distance (E) of separation of an enclosure (11).

Modo de funcionamientoOperating mode

Consideraré que se cumple la analogía luminosa para establecer la trayectoria del sonido, y que el panel es rígido, fijo, e incapaz de intercambiar energía mecánica con dicho sonido, y para simplificar el análisis, no indicaré las emisiones secundarias que por difracción se generan en los bordes.I will consider that the luminous analogy is fulfilled to establish the sound path, and that the panel is rigid, fixed, and unable to exchange mechanical energy with said sound, and to simplify the analysis, I will not indicate the emissions secondary that by diffraction are generated at the edges.

- El sonido incide sobre la cara "abierta" del panel- The sound strikes the "open" face of the panel

Cuando el sonido incide perpendicularmente sobre la cara "abierta" del panel, los bordes de cada elemento tubular actúan dividiendo todo el sonido incidente en fragmentos que se propagan por su
interior.
When the sound strikes perpendicularly on the "open" face of the panel, the edges of each tubular element act by dividing all the incident sound into fragments that propagate through its
inside.

La Figura 8 muestra una sección (12) de un panel con marco de montaje y mediante rayos y vectores, el recorrido de un pulso sonoro con frente de onda plano (13) que incide perpendicularmente a su cara "abierta" sobre un elemento tubular interior, y el pulso sonoro de salida (14) que presenta una cierta dispersión o difusión.Figure 8 shows a section (12) of a panel with mounting frame and through rays and vectors, the path of a sound pulse with a flat wave front (13) that affects perpendicular to its "open" face on an element tubular interior, and the output sound pulse (14) that presents a certain dispersion or diffusion.

Los rayos que se alejan de cada elemento tubular en forma oblicua, se componen con los correspondientes simétricos del elemento tubular adyacente, dando resultantes con la misma dirección de propagación del frente de onda incidente.The rays that move away from each tubular element obliquely, they are composed with the corresponding symmetrical of the adjacent tubular element, resulting in the same propagation direction of the incident wavefront.

Como puede verse, estableciendo un valor adecuado para el ángulo (\alpha) que forman las caras opuestas del elemento tubular (1), todo el sonido incidente atraviesa el panel y continúa su propagación sin cambiar de sentido.As can be seen, setting a value suitable for the angle (α) that the opposite faces form of the tubular element (1), all the incident sound passes through the panel and continues its propagation without changing direction.

- El sonido incide sobre la cara "cerrada" del panel- The sound strikes the "closed" face of the panel

Cuando el sonido incide perpendicularmente sobre la cara "cerrada" del panel, los bordes del extremo de menor tamaño de cada elemento tubular actúan dividiendo el sonido incidente en dos partes, una parte que se propaga por dentro, y otra parte que se propaga por fuera de dicho elemento tubular.When the sound affects perpendicularly on the "closed" side of the panel, the edges of the lower end size of each tubular element act by dividing the sound incident in two parts, a part that spreads inside, and another part that propagates outside said tubular element.

La Figura 9 muestra una sección (12) de un panel con marco de montaje y mediante rayos y vectores, el recorrido de un pulso sonoro con frente de onda plano (13) que incide perpendicularmente a su cara "cerrada" sobre un elemento tubular interior, y como se divide en dos partes, una parte que se propaga por su interior y que atraviesa el panel o conducida (15), y otra parte que se propaga por su exterior y que cambia de sentido o se refleja al llegar a la unión entre elementos tubulares adyacentes o con el marco de montaje (16), y que presenta una cierta dispersión o
difusión.
Figure 9 shows a section (12) of a panel with mounting frame and by means of rays and vectors, the path of a sound pulse with a flat wave front (13) that perpendicularly affects its "closed" face on an inner tubular element , and as it is divided into two parts, a part that propagates through its interior and that crosses the panel or led (15), and another part that propagates through its exterior and that changes direction or is reflected when it reaches the junction between adjacent tubular elements or with the mounting frame (16), and having a certain dispersion or
diffusion.

Denominando I a la intensidad del sonido que incide sobre la cara cerrada del panel, y debido a que tanto la parte de sonido conducido como la parte de sonido reflejado se distribuye finalmente sobre la misma superficie del panel, la parte conducida de dicho sonido será de intensidad IC=I.B/A y la parte reflejada será de intensidad IR=I.(A-B)/A. Estableciendo adecuadamente B<<A, se obtiene un panel capaz de reflejar la mayor parte del sonido que incide sobre su cara "cerrada".Naming I the intensity of the sound that it affects the closed face of the panel, and because both the conducted sound part as the reflected sound part is finally distributed on the same surface of the panel, the part conducted of said sound will be of intensity IC = I.B / A and the part reflected will be of intensity IR = I. (A-B) / A. By properly establishing B << A, a panel capable of  reflect most of the sound that hits your face "closed".

En resumen, el panel propuesto presenta propiedades diferentes sobre el sonido según que éste incida sobre una u otra cara; conduce el sonido que incide sobre su cara "abierta", y refleja la mayor parte del sonido que incide sobre su cara "cerrada", por lo que dicho dispositivo se comporta como un diodo
acústico.
In summary, the proposed panel has different properties on the sound depending on whether it affects one or the other face; conducts the sound that hits your "open" face, and reflects most of the sound that hits your "closed" face, so that device behaves like a diode
acoustic.

Un estudio profundo de su comportamiento con diferentes formas y proporciones de los elementos tubulares, permitirá obtener geometrías con una respuesta optimizada para cada necesidad acústica
específica.
An in-depth study of their behavior with different shapes and proportions of the tubular elements, will allow obtaining geometries with an optimized response for each acoustic need
specific.

Utilización del panelPanel usage

Estas propiedades le confieren innovadoras e interesantes posibilidades de control del sonido.These properties confer innovative and Interesting possibilities of sound control.

- Utilización como pantalla acústica- Use as acoustic screen

Colocando el panel entre una fuente de sonido perturbadora y una zona a proteger, con su cara "cerrada" enfrentada a la fuente de sonido, es posible obtener altos valores de atenuación de dicho sonido sobre la zona a proteger, debido a su alta capacidad
reflectante.
By placing the panel between a disturbing sound source and an area to be protected, with its "closed" face facing the sound source, it is possible to obtain high attenuation values of said sound over the area to be protected, due to its high capacity
reflective

Su principal ventaja sobre una pantalla ciega convencional, es que al enfrentar su cara "abierta" a la zona a proteger, la mantiene libre de reflexiones de otros sonidos provenientes de esa dirección.Your main advantage over a blind screen conventional, is that when facing his face "open" to the area to protect, keeps it free from reflections of other sounds from that address.

- Utilización como panel fragmentador del sonido reverberado o panel difusor- Use as a sound fragment panel reverberated or diffuser panel

Colocando el panel con su cara "cerrada" enfrentada a un cerramiento de una sala o recinto, y separada de éste a una distancia igual o mayor a la longitud del elemento tubular, presenta una gran capacidad de fragmentación del sonido reverberado o de difusión, ver Figura 7.Placing the panel with its face "closed" faced with a closing of a room or enclosure, and separated from this one at a distance equal to or greater than the length of the element tubular, has a great capacity for sound fragmentation reverberated or diffusion, see Figure 7.

El sonido que incida sobre la cara "abierta" del panel, será capaz de atravesarlo y continuar su desplazamiento hasta el cerramiento, donde se reflejará dirigiéndose hacia la cara "cerrada", desde donde volverá a reflejarse hacia el cerramiento, por lo que dicho sonido permanecerá reverberando durante un cierto tiempo atrapado entre el cerramiento y la cara "cerrada" del panel.The sound that hits the face "open" panel, will be able to go through it and continue its displacement to the enclosure, where it will be reflected by going towards the "closed" face, from where it will be reflected again towards the enclosure, so that sound will remain reverberating for some time caught between the enclosure and the "closed" side of the panel.

En cada incidencia sobre dicha cara "cerrada", como se ha visto, solo una pequeña parte del sonido reverberado será capaz de atravesarla, por lo que cada elemento tubular del panel devuelve a la sala el sonido incidente transformado en una serie de fragmentos sucesivos, de intensidades mucho menores que la del sonido incidente, y decrecientes, separados entre sí a intervalos de tiempo proporcionales a la distancia (E) de separación entre el panel y el cerramiento.In each incident on said face "closed", as seen, only a small part of the sound reverberated will be able to pass through it, so each element tubular panel returns to the room the incident sound transformed into a series of successive fragments, of intensities much smaller than the incident sound, and decreasing, separated from each other at time intervals proportional to the distance (E) of separation between the panel and the enclosure.

Instalando el panel en forma ligeramente oblicua respecto del cerramiento de la sala, las distancias de éste a cada elemento tubular serán diferentes y por consiguiente, también el valor de los atrasos de fase generados por cada elemento tubular en cada fragmento de su serie.Installing the panel slightly obliquely  with respect to the closing of the room, the distances of this one to each tubular element will be different and therefore also the value of phase delays generated by each tubular element in Each fragment of his series.

La Figura 10 muestra una sección (17) de un panel con marco de montaje, instalado a una distancia (E) de un cerramiento (11) de forma ligeramente oblicua, y mediante rayos y vectores, el recorrido aproximado de un pulso sonoro con frente de onda plano (13) que incide perpendicularmente sobre la cara abierta del panel, el mismo pulso sonoro después de atravesar el panel (18) o conducido, el mismo pulso sonoro una vez reflejado por el cerramiento (19), y los fragmentos salientes (20), con su diferencia de fase (F).Figure 10 shows a section (17) of a panel with mounting frame, installed at a distance (E) of a enclosure (11) slightly obliquely, and by rays and vectors, the approximate path of a sound pulse in front of flat wave (13) that perpendicularly affects the open face of the panel, the same sound pulse after crossing the panel (18) or conducted, the same sound pulse once reflected by the enclosure (19), and the protruding fragments (20), with their phase difference (F).

Debido a que el panel genera tanto sobre el sonido conducido como sobre el sonido reflejado una cierta difusión, los fragmentos salientes también presentan una difusión creciente, transformándose en un sonido de mucha menor intensidad que el sonido incidente, que fluye durante un tiempo muy prolongado, presentando unas características de difusión sin precedentes.Because the panel generates so much over the sound conducted as on the reflected sound a certain diffusion, the outgoing fragments also have a diffusion increasing, becoming a sound of much less intensity that the incident sound, flowing for a very long time prolonged, presenting diffusion characteristics without precedents

Mejora sobre el estado actual de la técnicaImprovement on the current state of the art

El comportamiento acústico del conjunto panel-cerramiento puede compararse con el de un difusor de Schroeder de iguales dimensiones en el que cada hueco o rendija se corresponda con un elemento tubular del panel y en el que su profundidad máxima sea igual a la distancia máxima entre panel y cerramiento.The acoustic behavior of the set panel-enclosure can be compared with that of a Schroeder diffuser of equal dimensions in which each hole or slit corresponds to a tubular element of the panel and in which its maximum depth is equal to the maximum distance between panel and enclosure.

El difusor de Schroeder devuelve por cada hueco o rendija, un único fragmento de igual intensidad que el sonido de entrada, en cambio el conjunto panel/cerramiento devuelve por cada elemento tubular, una serie de fragmentos sucesivos de intensidad mucho menor que el sonido de entrada y de valor decreciente, hasta agotar el sonido reverberante entre el panel y cerramiento, por lo que genera gran cantidad de fragmentos de mucha menor intensidad.The Schroeder diffuser returns for each hole or slit, a single fragment of the same intensity as the sound of input, instead the panel / enclosure assembly returns for each tubular element, a series of successive fragments of intensity much lower than the input sound and decreasing value, up to exhaust the reverberant sound between the panel and enclosure, so which generates a lot of fragments of much smaller intensity.

El difusor de Schroeder es capaz de generar sobre cada fragmento, un atraso de fase de valor máximo proporcional a su profundidad, en cambio el conjunto panel/cerramiento genera atrasos de fase proporcionales a la distancia que lo separa del cerramiento, tanto para el primer fragmento de la serie como entre cada fragmento sucesivo, por lo que su capacidad de generar atrasos de fase es mucho mayor.The Schroeder diffuser is capable of generating on each fragment, a phase delay of maximum value proportional to its depth, instead the whole panel / enclosure generates phase delays proportional to the distance that separates it from the enclosure, both for the first fragment of the series as between each successive fragment, so that its ability to generate phase delays is much greater.

Ventajas del panel propuestoAdvantages of the proposed panel

- Utilizado próximo a un cerramiento de la sala de la manera indicada, presenta una capacidad de fragmentación y de generar atrasos de fase muy superiores a las de un difusor de Schroeder de igual área.- Used next to a room enclosure in the indicated way, it has a fragmentation capacity and generate phase delays far superior to those of a diffuser Schroeder of equal area.

- Presenta una profundidad (C) bastante menor que la profundidad (G) de un difusor de Schroeder, lo que lo hace más ligero y manejable.- It has a much lower depth (C) that the depth (G) of a Schroeder diffuser, which makes it lighter and manageable.

- No requiere necesariamente una instalación fija y su utilización mediante un pie o soporte le confiere movilidad y en consecuencia una gran versatilidad y adaptabilidad a las necesidades del usuario.- Does not necessarily require an installation fixed and its use by a foot or support confers mobility and consequently great versatility and adaptability to user needs

- Modificando su distancia y ángulo con respecto al cerramiento pueden controlarse muy fácilmente los atrasos de fase producidos y obtener el efecto acústico óptimo.- Modifying its distance and angle with respect the delays of phase produced and obtain the optimum acoustic effect.

- Todos los elementos tubulares del panel propuesto pueden ser iguales, a diferencia de los huecos del difusor de Schroeder en el que todos presentan diferente profundidad, lo que permite un proceso de fabricación en serie más simple y de menor costo.- All tubular panel elements proposed may be the same, unlike the gaps in the Schroeder diffuser in which everyone presents different depth, which allows a more serial manufacturing process Simple and lower cost.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

- La Figura 1 muestra un ejemplo (1) de elemento tubular.- Figure 1 shows an example (1) of element tubular.

- La Figura 2 muestra algunos elementos geométricos del elemento tubular (1).- Figure 2 shows some elements geometric of the tubular element (1).

- La Figura 3 muestra la cara "cerrada" de un panel (3).- Figure 3 shows the "closed" face of a panel (3).

- La Figura 4 muestra la cara "abierta" de un bloque de construcción (5) de un elemento tubular (1) con marco (4).- Figure 4 shows the "open" face of a building block (5) of a tubular element (1) with frame (4).

- La Figura 5 muestra la cara "cerrada" de un bloque de construcción (7) de dos elementos tubulares (1) con marco (6).- Figure 5 shows the "closed" face of a building block (7) of two tubular elements (1) with frame (6).

- La Figura 6 muestra la cara "abierta" de una parte de un panel (8) formado por un conjunto de bloques de construcción (7).- Figure 6 shows the "open" face of a part of a panel (8) formed by a set of blocks of construction (7).

- La Figura 7 muestra la cara "abierta" de una variante constructiva (10) del panel (3) con marco tubular (9), instalado frente a un cerramiento (11).- Figure 7 shows the "open" face of a constructive variant (10) of the panel (3) with tubular frame (9),  installed in front of an enclosure (11).

- La Figura 8 muestra el recorrido de un pulso sonoro (13), que incide sobre la cara "abierta" de un panel (12).- Figure 8 shows the path of a pulse sound (13), which affects the "open" face of a panel (12).

- La Figura 9 muestra el recorrido de un pulso sonoro (13), que incide sobre la cara "cerrada" de un panel (12).- Figure 9 shows the path of a pulse sound (13), which affects the "closed" side of a panel (12).

- La Figura 10 muestra el recorrido de un pulso sonoro (13), que incide sobre la cara "abierta" de un panel (16), instalado frente a un cerramiento (11).- Figure 10 shows the path of a pulse sound (13), which affects the "open" face of a panel (16), installed in front of an enclosure (11).

- La Figura 11 muestra el recorrido de un pulso sonoro (13), que incide sobre un difusor de Schroeder (20).- Figure 11 shows the path of a pulse sound (13), which affects a Schroeder diffuser (20).

Modo de realización de la invenciónEmbodiment of the invention - Propuesta básica- Basic proposal

Ver Figuras 1, 2 y 3.See Figures 1, 2 and 3.

El panel para tratamiento acústico mediante fragmentación del sonido reverberado (3), puede construirse de la siguiente manera:The panel for acoustic treatment by fragmentation of the reverberated sound (3), can be constructed from the Following way:

Los elementos tubulares (1), se confeccionan mediante plegado y pegado de una pieza troquelada de cartón micro canal de 1,7 mm de espesor, cuya forma se corresponde con el desarrollo del elemento tubular, más una pestaña adicional de pegado. Las dimensiones sugeridas para el elemento tubular son A=60x60 mm, B=17x17 mm, C=95 mm.The tubular elements (1) are made by folding and pasting a die cut piece of micro cardboard 1.7 mm thick channel, whose shape corresponds to the development of the tubular element, plus an additional tab of glued. The suggested dimensions for the tubular element are A = 60x60 mm, B = 17x17 mm, C = 95 mm.

Dichos elementos tubulares (1) se unen entre sí y a los elementos estructurales intermedios (2) que también pueden realizarse en cartón micro canal, mediante pegado formando pequeños paneles prefabricados iguales, constituidos por unos pocos elementos tubulares, por ejemplo de 4 elementos (2x2), de 9 elementos (3x3), etc.Said tubular elements (1) join together. and to the intermediate structural elements (2) that can also be made in micro channel cardboard, by gluing forming small equal prefabricated panels, consisting of a few tubular elements, for example 4 elements (2x2), of 9 elements (3x3), etc.

Estos pequeños paneles se utilizan a su vez para formar paneles de mayor tamaño, mediante elementos estructurales adicionales en madera contrachapada de 4 mm, que generen entre sí huecos en forma de casilleros abiertos de igual tamaño que dichos paneles, donde éstos se introducen y fijan mediante pegado por su borde perimetral.These small panels are used in turn to form larger panels, using structural elements additional in 4 mm plywood, which generate each other openings in the form of open lockers of the same size as said panels, where these are introduced and fixed by pasted by their perimeter edge.

Siendo el panel descrito un dispositivo estático que para cumplir su función solo debe presentar una estructura suficientemente rígida al paso del sonido, es posible utilizar en su fabricación una gran diversidad de materiales y acabados, con la única limitación funcional de que no generen resonancias y presenten suficiente rigidez y resistencia mecánica para su uso y manipulación.The described panel being a static device that to fulfill its function you must only present a structure sufficiently rigid to the passage of sound, it is possible to use in its manufacturing a great diversity of materials and finishes, with the only functional limitation of not generating resonances and have sufficient rigidity and mechanical strength for use and handling.

Los elementos tubulares por consiguiente, también pueden fabricarse en plástico inyectado, que es una opción industrial mas adecuada y permite un diseño óptimo de su forma.The tubular elements accordingly, They can also be manufactured in injected plastic, which is an option industrial more appropriate and allows an optimal design of its shape.

- Variante constructiva- Construction variant

Ver Figura 7.See Figure 7.

Como variante constructiva, el panel (3) puede instalarse en el interior de un marco de montaje (9) de madera contrachapada de 8 a 10 mm de espesor, por ejemplo con una profundidad (D) igual o ligeramente mayor que (C).As a constructive variant, the panel (3) can be installed inside a wooden mounting frame (9) 8 to 10 mm thick plywood, for example with a depth (D) equal to or slightly greater than (C).

La cara "cerrada" del panel puede cubrirse con una tela u otro material de terminación abierto al paso del sonido, la cara "abierta" puede quedar vista.The "closed" side of the panel can be covered with a cloth or other termination material open to the passage of sound, the "open" face can be seen.

Ver Figuras 4, 5 y 6.See Figures 4, 5 and 6.

Los bloques de construcción (5), constituidos por un elemento tubular (1) y un marco tubular (6), o (8), constituidos por dos elementos tubulares (1) y un marco tubular (7) pueden construirse en una pieza a modo de ladrillo, en arcilla, cerámica u otros materiales similares, utilizando su tecnología de fabricación
particular.
The building blocks (5), consisting of a tubular element (1) and a tubular frame (6), or (8), consisting of two tubular elements (1) and a tubular frame (7) can be constructed in one piece brick mode, in clay, ceramics or other similar materials, using its manufacturing technology
particular.

Para el elemento tubular del bloque (5) sugerimos las siguientes dimensiones A=150x150 mm, B=40x40 mm, C=240 mm, generando bloques del mismo tamaño, o sea de 150x150x240 mm. Para el bloque (8), que contiene dos elementos tubulares, las dimensiones sugeridas son 300x150x240 mm.For the tubular block element (5) We suggest the following dimensions A = 150x150 mm, B = 40x40 mm, C = 240 mm, generating blocks of the same size, that is 150x150x240 mm For block (8), which contains two tubular elements, the Suggested dimensions are 300x150x240 mm.

Para formar el panel (8), los bloques se unen entre sí mediante mortero utilizando la tecnología habitual de construcción de tabiques, cubriendo la superficie necesaria.To form the panel (8), the blocks are joined each other by mortar using the usual technology of construction of partitions, covering the necessary surface.

Como en el caso del panel (2), el panel (7) debe construirse separado del cerramiento y a una distancia suficiente.As in the case of panel (2), panel (7) must  be built separately from the enclosure and at a distance enough.

La presente variante constructiva se ha considerado para ser utilizada en tratamiento acústico urbano o industrial.The present constructive variant has been considered to be used in urban acoustic treatment or industrial.

Claims (2)

1. Panel para tratamiento acústico mediante fragmentación del sonido reverberado, que se caracteriza por estar formado por un conjunto de elementos tubulares (1) que presentan cada uno de ellos su sección transversal variable, de manera que el área de la sección transversal en uno de sus extremos (A) sea mayor que el área de la sección transversal del extremo opuesto (B), y que se ubican paralelamente uno junto a otro tal que presenten del mismo lado los extremos de sección transversal de mayor área (A) formando una cara del panel, de forma que elementos tubulares adyacentes estén unidos entre sí, directamente a través del contacto mutuo de los bordes de dichos extremos o indirectamente a través de un elemento estructural intermedio (3) sin dejar espacios abiertos, determinando con su longitud (C) la profundidad del panel, y con los bordes de los extremos de sección transversal de menor área (B) la otra cara opuesta del panel, y que se instala con sus caras separadas de los cerramientos de la sala o recinto a tratar.1. Panel for acoustic treatment by means of fragmentation of the reverberated sound, which is characterized by being formed by a set of tubular elements (1) that each have their variable cross-section, so that the cross-sectional area in one of their ends (A) are greater than the cross-sectional area of the opposite end (B), and that they are located parallel to each other such that the cross-sectional ends of greater area (A) have on the same side forming a face of the panel, so that adjacent tubular elements are joined together, directly through the mutual contact of the edges of said ends or indirectly through an intermediate structural element (3) without leaving open spaces, determining with its length (C) the depth of the panel, and with the edges of the cross-sectional ends of smaller area (B) the other opposite side of the panel, and that is installed with their faces separated from the enclosures of the room or enclosure to be treated. 2. Panel para tratamiento acústico mediante fragmentación del sonido reverberado según la Reivindicación 1, que se caracteriza porque los elementos tubulares se fijan individualmente (1) o en un conjunto o panel (3) en el interior de un marco tubular de montaje, de forma que no queden espacios abiertos entre los bordes perimetrales del extremo de sección transversal de mayor área del elemento tubular o de su conjunto y la superficie interior del marco, formando una unidad o bloque de construcción, que se utilizan individualmente o se instalan uno junto a otro para cubrir superficies de mayor tamaño.2. Panel for acoustic treatment by means of fragmentation of the reverberated sound according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tubular elements are fixed individually (1) or in an assembly or panel (3) inside a tubular mounting frame, so that there are no open spaces between the perimeter edges of the cross-sectional end of greater area of the tubular element or its assembly and the inner surface of the frame, forming a building unit or block, which are used individually or installed next to each other to cover larger surfaces.
ES200500648A 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 PANEL FOR ACOUSTIC TREATMENT THROUGH FRAGMENTATION OF REVERBERED SOUND. Expired - Fee Related ES2264879B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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ES200500648A ES2264879B1 (en) 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 PANEL FOR ACOUSTIC TREATMENT THROUGH FRAGMENTATION OF REVERBERED SOUND.
PCT/ES2006/000133 WO2006100327A2 (en) 2005-03-21 2006-03-16 Panel for acoustic treatment involving fragmentation of reverberated sound

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ES200500648A ES2264879B1 (en) 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 PANEL FOR ACOUSTIC TREATMENT THROUGH FRAGMENTATION OF REVERBERED SOUND.

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WO2006100327A3 (en) 2006-11-23
WO2006100327A2 (en) 2006-09-28

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