EP3997287B1 - Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast - Google Patents

Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3997287B1
EP3997287B1 EP20737200.4A EP20737200A EP3997287B1 EP 3997287 B1 EP3997287 B1 EP 3997287B1 EP 20737200 A EP20737200 A EP 20737200A EP 3997287 B1 EP3997287 B1 EP 3997287B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole
mast
base
deployed state
deployable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20737200.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3997287A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas CAPET
Richard Boudinot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clix Industries
Anywaves SAS
Original Assignee
Clix Industries
Anywaves SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clix Industries, Anywaves SAS filed Critical Clix Industries
Publication of EP3997287A1 publication Critical patent/EP3997287A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3997287B1 publication Critical patent/EP3997287B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/20—Side-supporting means therefor, e.g. using guy ropes or struts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
    • H01Q1/081—Inflatable antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1235—Collapsible supports; Means for erecting a rigid antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/20—Resilient mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H01Q11/086—Helical antennas collapsible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
    • H01Q15/161—Collapsible reflectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-deploying foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast.
  • Such deployable structures comprising such a deployable mast can be the subject of numerous terrestrial applications (temporary shelters, display panels, sensor supports, detectors, transmitters, receivers, etc.) or space applications (support for mechanical components such as a satellite braking sail, deployable solar panels; sensors such as a camera, a transmitter, a receiver, or even a magnetometer, etc.).
  • Such sensors or organs of a space mast must be carried by the distal end of the mast in order to distance them from the main body of the space system and to allow measurements to be made on this main body or to be outside its electromagnetic influence for example.
  • a space mast sometimes has a length of up to several meters and must be able to be folded up at launch and to be deployed only when the space structure is in space, in the position of use.
  • WO2010/004168 proposes a deployable mast comprising a framework formed of a succession of stages articulated to each other two by two in extension of each other along a deployment axis, the stages being articulated to each other by hinges.
  • a mast that can be locked in the deployed state requires a complex framework comprising plates articulated to each other.
  • the invention aims to provide a deployable structure having excellent positioning precision during deployment.
  • the invention also aims to propose a deployable structure having improved stability and resistance to mechanical stresses in the deployed state.
  • the invention also aims to provide a deployable structure which has excellent resistance to mechanical stresses, both in traction or compression, along a longitudinal deployment axis of the structure once deployed, and in stresses along axes forming a non-zero angle with this longitudinal deployment axis.
  • the invention finally aims to provide a deployable structure which is simple and economical to manufacture and implement.
  • the invention relates to a foldable/deployable structure according to claim 1.
  • the guying device of a structure according to the invention therefore makes it possible to increase the positioning precision of the mast, in particular during its deployment, but also to increase the resistance to mechanical stresses of a mast in the deployed state and in particular to avoid its distortion outside the longitudinal deployment axis.
  • the term “longitudinal” and its derivatives refer, when the structure has a straight line of deployment, to the straight longitudinal direction in which it is deployed. When the structure is more or less curved or has a more or less curved line of deployment between its longitudinal ends, they refer, in any cross section of the structure, to a direction tangent to the line of deployment.
  • the terms “transverse”, “transverse” and its derivatives, and the term “lateral” and its derivatives, refer to directions orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
  • proximal refers to the elements of the structure arranged on the base side and the term “distal” refers to the elements of the structure arranged on the side of the end of the mast opposite that fixed to the base, i.e. to the elements further from the base than those arranged on said proximal side.
  • the mast may be a foldable/deployable mast with spontaneous deployment, i.e. whose structure is such that it tends to spontaneously deploy from a folded state. It may for example also be a mast such as a mast formed from an inflatable tube whose inflation is triggered by a dedicated device.
  • each connecting member of the guying device has at least one point of attachment to said base and at least one point of attachment to said mast, i.e. a single point or a plurality of juxtaposed points and forming attachment lines or not.
  • each connecting member chosen from the group formed by fabrics, nonwovens and strips (or strips) can have a line of attachment to said base and/or at least one attachment point said mast.
  • each connecting member chosen from the group consisting of fabrics, nonwovens and strips (or tapes) may also have one or more separate fixing points (not adjacent to each other, i.e. not forming a fixing line).
  • said guying device comprises at least two links, at least one of said links being a strip having at least two attachment points to said base and at least two attachment points to said mast.
  • said guying device comprises at least three links, each link having at least one point of attachment to said base and at least one point of attachment to said mast. In other words, each link connects at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast. In some embodiments according to the invention, said guying device comprises at least four links, each link connecting at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast.
  • the guying device may also comprise more than four links, for example five links, six links, seven links, eight links or even ten or twelve links.
  • Said guying device may therefore be in the form of a plurality of links connecting at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast, or of a fabric extending at least partially around said mast in the deployed state. It may for example be a fabric in the form of a sail or of a sock extending around said mast in the deployed state. Such a sock preferably has at least two attachment points to said base, and in particular at least one attachment line, said sock connecting said mast to said base along such an attachment line.
  • said guying device comprises a connecting member chosen from the group formed by fabrics and nonwovens, said connecting member extending entirely around said mast in the deployed state.
  • each connecting member of said guying device does not extend into contact with said mast in the deployed state (with the exception of each point of said mast connected to a point of said base by a link).
  • the sock extends around said mast in the deployed state so as to have a cross-section that is not the same as the cross-section of said mast in the same plane. This has the effect of limiting all the more effectively the transverse movements of the mast relative to the base at least in a deployed state of said mast.
  • each connecting member is formed from at least one material chosen from the group formed by flexible polymer materials, flexible composite materials, synthetic fiber fabrics (carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (aromatic polyamides), boron fibers, etc.), synthetic fiber threads (polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, chlorofibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc.), metal fibers, beryllium fibers, ceramic fibers, cellulosic fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • synthetic fiber fabrics carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (aromatic polyamides), boron fibers, etc.
  • synthetic fiber threads polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, chlorofibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc.
  • metal fibers beryllium fibers, ceramic fibers, cellulosic fibers and mixtures thereof.
  • said structure comprises a deployment trigger control device associated with said mast so as to be able to authorize its longitudinal deployment in the deployed state from the folded state.
  • each connecting member connects said base to a distal portion of said mast in the deployed state.
  • each connecting member connects said base to a distal end of said mast in the deployed state.
  • said structure comprises a device for tensioning said guying device, in particular for tensioning each connecting member of said guying device, adapted to be able to tension each connecting member of said guying device, in the deployed state of the mast.
  • the tensioning device is a device separate from the mast itself and separate from the guying device. It is chosen to be able to tension or increase the tension of the connecting members, when the deployable mast is in the deployed state - in particular only when the deployable mast is in the deployed state.
  • the tensioning device allows for example, when the mast is in the deployed state, a relative movement of separation between at least one - in particular each - point of attachment of said guying device to said mast and the base. It then allows precise positioning of the deployable mast, in the deployed state.
  • the tensioning device is chosen to allow a proximal end of the mast to be maintained in the deployed state, at a distance from said base greater than the distance separating the proximal end of said mast from said base when said mast is in the folded state.
  • a tensioning device of said guying device may for example comprise a jack and/or an actuator allowing the mast (i.e. the proximal end of the mast arranged on the side of the base of the structure) to be moved away from the base.
  • said tensioning device of said guying device comprises a helical spring adapted to be able to be compressed in the folded state of said mast and extended in the deployed state of said mast so as to maintain (when the mast is in the deployed state) a proximal end of said mast at a distance from said base greater than the distance separating said mast - in particular said proximal end of said mast - from said base when said mast is in the folded state.
  • the base comprises flaps, in particular at least three flaps, adapted to be able to pivot between at least one closed position in which said flaps form a receptacle capable of receiving at least part of said mast in the folded position, and at least one open position in which the flaps are pivoted so as to deviate from said mast, each connecting member connecting at least one point of a flap to at least one point of said mast.
  • each connecting member in the deployed position, extends in at least one direction forming a non-zero angle relative to the longitudinal deployment axis of said mast.
  • said structure comprises an antenna (i.e. a data communication antenna).
  • the satellites carry an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving said data by radiation of an electromagnetic beam, as well as means for orienting this electromagnetic beam towards a target which may be a ground station or another satellite.
  • the antenna may for example be arranged at the distal end of the mast or on the base.
  • said antenna in the deployed position, said antenna is helical and extends in a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to said longitudinal deployment axis, said mast extending longitudinally inside said antenna. It is also possible to provide for the antenna to be arranged inside the mast.
  • said guying device in particular each connecting member, has at least one point of attachment to said antenna. This makes it possible in particular to coordinate the deployment of the mast and the deployment of the antenna when the antenna is a foldable/deployable antenna.
  • the antenna comprises a radiating source, adapted to radiate electromagnetic waves and a main reflector, of the antenna, the antenna being adapted so that the main reflector can radiate said electromagnetic beam from the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating source.
  • a main reflector can for example have at least substantially a hyperbolic paraboloid shape.
  • said mast adopts, in the deployed state, a stable shape rigid in axial compression. In some embodiments according to the invention, the structure is locked in the deployed state.
  • the connecting members of the guying device are distributed and fixed between the mast and the base of a structure according to the invention so as to be adapted to limit the transverse movements of the mast relative to the base in the deployed state.
  • the guying device is adapted to be able to keep said mast isostatic relative to said base.
  • the guying device when the guying device comprises at least four attachment points to the base and at least four attachment points to the mast, the guying device is adapted to be able to keep said mast hyperstatic relative to said base.
  • a foldable/deployable structure 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a mast 4 deployable along a longitudinal deployment axis also defining a longitudinal direction of the structure.
  • the mast 4 is self-deploying. It may, for example, be an inflatable mast or a mast made entirely of a single piece of the same material (for example a polymer or polymer matrix composite material, or a metal material) and adapted to be able to be folded locally in any area of this mast so as to form a self-deploying folding hinge. It may also be a deployable mast comprising a frame formed from a succession of floors articulated to each other as described in WO2010/004168 .
  • the deployable mast 4 adapted to be able to be placed either in a folded state in which it occupies a minimum axial space requirement, or in a deployed state in which it has a predetermined shape.
  • the mast 4 adopts, in the deployed state, a stable shape that is rigid in axial compression.
  • the deployable mast extends between two longitudinal ends.
  • the mast 4 in the deployed state, has the same cross-section between its two longitudinal ends.
  • the mast 4 has a substantially cylindrical general shape in the deployed state.
  • the mast 4 may also have a more complex, non-profiled shape, for example a succession of truncated or undulating portions.
  • the mast 4 has a conical proximal end 9.
  • the mast 4 has at its distal end a plate 7 in the form of a disc.
  • the deployable mast 4 rests on a base 10 of the structure 1.
  • the base 10 has a parallelepiped shape, the proximal end of the mast 4 resting on one of the main faces of said parallelepiped.
  • the base 10 may be formed of any member or system provided with a deployable mast. It may in particular be a satellite and in particular a miniaturized satellite (for example a nanosatellite).
  • the mast 4 is connected to the base 10 (directly or indirectly) by any type of connection, in particular it may be a ball-and-socket type connection, such a connection making it possible in particular to limit the stresses exerted on the deployed mast.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 1 comprises a guying device comprising four links 22, each link 22 connecting at least one point of said base 10 to at least one point of said mast 4.
  • the guying device comprises at least two links (i.e. a number of links greater than or equal to two).
  • the guying device can therefore also comprise, for example, five links or up to ten, twenty or thirty links 22.
  • the links 22 are distributed around the mast 4 so as to be regularly spaced or not between them, in depending on the applications and the mechanical stresses to which the structure is likely to be subjected. For example, it could be advantageous to provide for increased resistance to transverse stresses on one side of the structure.
  • the guying device is therefore not necessarily symmetrical.
  • Each link 22 may for example be formed of at least one wire, a cable, a strip or a band made of at least one material selected from the group formed of flexible polymer materials, flexible composite materials, synthetic fiber fabrics (carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (aromatic polyamides), boron fibers, etc.), synthetic fiber threads (polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, chlorofibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc.), metal fibers, beryllium fibers, ceramic fibers, cellulosic fibers and their mixtures.
  • each link is formed of at least one wire, a cable or a strip, flexible and resistant to traction.
  • Each link 22 may for example be formed of aramid fibers. Such fibers are flexible and resistant to traction.
  • Each link 22 may be secured to the base and mast by means of a loop, by passing it through an opening formed in the base or mast, or by gluing using a synthetic resin.
  • each link 22 is fixed on the one hand, to an edge of the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4 by passing inside an opening 8, the plate having four openings 8, and, on the other hand, to a point 18 of an edge of each flap 15.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 1 further comprises a device 30 for tensioning the guying device.
  • a tensioning device is for example adapted to allow the proximal end of the mast 4 to be pushed away from the base, for example using a jack and/or an actuator. It could also involve winders adapted to tension each link 22 once the mast is deployed.
  • the device for tensioning the guying device can also allow the length of each link to be adjusted, in particular during the deployment of the mast in the case where each link 22 is deployed simultaneously with the mast 4.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 1 can also include such a device for adjusting the length of each link 22 distinct from the device for tensioning the guying device.
  • the device 30 for tensioning the guying device comprises a helical spring adapted to be able to be compressed in the folded state of the mast 4 and extended (by relaxation of said spring) in the deployed state of the mast 4 so as to maintain the proximal end of the mast at a distance from the base 10 greater than the distance separating the mast from the base 10 when the mast 4 is in the folded state.
  • the structure 1 could further comprise, for example, a device for adjusting the length of each link 22 provided at each point of attachment of a link 22 to the plate 7 and/or at point 18 of each flap 15, such a device for adjusting the length of each link could for example be of the type of a worm screw device.
  • such an adjustment device is not necessary when the guying device of the structure comprises three or more links.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 1 may also comprise a deployment trigger control device associated with said mast so as to be able to authorize its longitudinal deployment in the deployed state from the folded state.
  • the base 10 comprises four pivoting flaps 15.
  • the flaps 15 In the closed position, the flaps 15 form a receptacle capable of receiving the mast 4 in the folded position ( figure 1 ).
  • the shutters 15 In the open position, the shutters 15 are pivoted towards the outside of the structure so as to move away from the mast 4 ( figure 2 ), each link 22 connecting each flap 15 to the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4.
  • Each flap 15 comprises a panel 16 whose main faces are substantially square or rectangular.
  • a pivoting rod 17 connects each flap 15 to the base 10.
  • the deployment trigger control device associated with said mast may be coupled to a device for holding the mast in the folded state.
  • the device for holding the mast in the folded position may in particular take the form of a wire, a bundle of wires, a strip, a one-way clamp, a sleeve (woven or not), etc.
  • said holding device comprises at least one wire made of thermoplastic polymer material which is adapted to be able to be broken by melting. It may be a single wire or a bundle of wires, possibly woven together.
  • a deployable structure according to the invention may for example comprise a microcontroller making it possible to control the breaking of said holding device at at least one point so as to allow the deployment of said mast.
  • the material forming said holding device is selected from the group formed by polymer materials having a melting temperature of less than 300°C, in particular a melting temperature of between 0°C and 280°C, in particular from the group formed by polypropylenes (PP), polyethylenes (PE) (for example Dyneema ® marketed by DSM ® (Heerlen, Netherlands) ("UHMNPE” or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene)), polyaramids (for example Kevlar ® marketed by DuPont ® (Midland, United States)), polyamides, polyesters, their composites and their mixtures.
  • PP polypropylenes
  • PE polyethylenes
  • UHMNPE ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
  • polyaramids for example Kevlar ® marketed by DuPont ® (Midland, United States)
  • polyamides polyesters, their composites and their mixtures.
  • the device for holding the mast in the folded state comprises at least one heating device adapted to be able to break said holding device by melting. It may for example be a heating device (sometimes called a "heating knife") formed of a wire (for example a metal wire such as a nickel and chromium alloy) or a metal plate adapted to be able to reach a predetermined temperature at least equal to the melting temperature of the material forming said holding device to be broken.
  • the deployment trigger control device associated with mast 4 can therefore be a device for deactivating the holding device of the mast in the folded state.
  • This may be a heating device in the case of maintenance using a fusible wire or a bundle of fusible wires, or else flaps 15 in the first embodiment of a structure according to the invention, the closed flaps 15 being able for example to exert a compression of the mast in the folded state such that when the opening by pivoting of the flaps 15 is triggered, the mast 4 is released and its deployment thus triggered. It is also possible to combine the two in the same foldable/deployable structure (maintenance using fusible wires and maintenance in the folded state by the flaps 15).
  • the tensioning device 30 may be such that the structure can be deployed in a single step or in at least two relaxation steps. If the tensioning device is actuated or activated spontaneously or concomitantly with the deployment control device associated with the mast, it is possible to speak of relaxation in a single step, the tensioning of the links of the guying device being carried out during the deployment of the mast and in particular at the end of the deployment of the mast. The mast thus deployed being very quickly stable and able to withstand transverse mechanical stresses.
  • a second variant it is possible to trigger the tensioning of the links of the guying device by the tensioning device separately from the deployment trigger control device associated with the mast, the deployment of the structure then being able to be carried out in at least two stages (deployment of the mast 4 then tensioning of the guying device).
  • the tensioning device 30 is a helical spring which is compressed in the folded state of the structure and its relaxation allowed simultaneously with the triggering of the deployment of the mast 4, the deployment of the structure will take place in a single step (although this deployment can however take place progressively until the effective tensioning of the links of the guying device, typically in a few seconds).
  • figure 3 represents structure 1 after triggering the deployment of mast 4 and at the end of deployment of said mast, the mast having reached its predetermined maximum length corresponding to its deployed state.
  • figure 4 represents the structure 1 after deployment of said mast and tensioning of the links 22 of the guying device, the helical spring 30 being more extended than the helical spring 30 visible in figure 3 .
  • the links 22 which are not tensioned on the figure 3 become on the figure 4 so as to obtain a structure 1 whose position in the deployed state of the mast 4 is precise and stable.
  • the tensioning device 30 makes it possible to lock the structure 1 in the deployed state.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 2 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 in that the links 42 are fixed directly to the base 10 and not by means of flaps 15.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 2 shown in Figures 5 to 8 comprises a deployable mast 4 identical to the mast according to the first embodiment of a structure according to the invention and rests on the same base 10.
  • the foldable/deployable structure 2 shown in Figures 5 to 8 comprises a guying device comprising four links 42, each link 42 connecting at least one corner 45 of the base 10 to at least one point of the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4.
  • FIG. 5 represents structure 2 in the folded state (before triggering the deployment of the mast).
  • the helical spring of the tensioning device 30 of the guying device is compressed.
  • FIG 6 represents the structure 2 in the deployed state and after tensioning of the links 42 of the guying device by relaxation of the helical spring of the device 30 for tensioning the guying device (as in figure 4 with regard to structure 1 according to the first embodiment).
  • FIG 7 represents a detail of a structure 2 whose mast is in the deployed state, before tensioning the links 42 of the guying device (the coil spring being compressed).
  • the figure 8 represents a detail of a structure 2 whose mast is in the deployed state, after tensioning of the links 42 of the guying device in accordance with the representation of the figure 6 , the coil spring being extended.
  • a foldable/deployable structure 3 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment in that it further comprises an antenna 50.
  • the antenna may be fixed at the base, at the end of the mast, or around or inside the mast 4.
  • the antenna 50 shown in figure 9 is helical and extends in a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal deployment axis of the structure 3, the mast 4 extending longitudinally inside the antenna 50.
  • the antenna 50 is fixed to each longitudinal end of the mast 4 and can be compressed in the manner of a spring, so that in the folded state, the structure 3 has the same axial size as the structures 1 or 2 according to the first and second embodiments.
  • the guying device here the links 22, are connected at one or more points to the antenna by fixing points, for example using a synthetic resin such as glue dots or using secondary links or other types of additional fasteners or loops.
  • a foldable/deployable structure 70 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment in that the guying device is formed of a connecting member selected from the group formed by fabrics and nonwovens, the fabric (or nonwoven) extending entirely around said mast 4 in the deployed state in the manner of a sock 60.
  • the sock 60 is fixed along a circular fixing line to the base 110 and also along a circular fixing line on the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4, the mast 4 being arranged inside the sock 60.
  • the sock can also integrate a helical antenna 65, the antenna being arranged around (outside) the mast 4 in the deployed state of the structure.
  • the mast 4 can for example take the general form of a cylinder whose external dimensions are of the order of 100 mm in height with a diameter of the order of 9 mm.
  • the mast 4 may for example have external dimensions such that the mast has a length of the order of 60 mm, or even up to one meter in length.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une structure pliable/déployable à déploiement spontané comportant un mât déployable.The invention relates to a self-deploying foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast.

De telles structures déployables comprenant un tel mât déployable peuvent faire l'objet de nombreuses applications terrestres (abris provisoires, panneaux d'affichage, supports de capteurs, détecteurs, émetteurs, récepteurs...) ou spatiales (support d'organes mécaniques tels qu'une voile de freinage d'un satellite, des panneaux solaires déployables ; de capteurs tels qu'une caméra, un émetteur, un récepteur, ou encore un magnétomètre...).Such deployable structures comprising such a deployable mast can be the subject of numerous terrestrial applications (temporary shelters, display panels, sensor supports, detectors, transmitters, receivers, etc.) or space applications (support for mechanical components such as a satellite braking sail, deployable solar panels; sensors such as a camera, a transmitter, a receiver, or even a magnetometer, etc.).

En particulier, de tels capteurs ou organes d'un mât spatial doivent être portés par l'extrémité distale du mât afin de les éloigner du corps principal du système spatial et permettre d'effectuer des mesures sur ce corps principal ou être hors de son influence électromagnétique par exemple. Un tel mât spatial présente parfois une longueur allant jusqu'à plusieurs mètres et doit pouvoir être replié au lancement et être déployé uniquement lorsque la structure spatiale est dans l'espace, en position d'utilisation.In particular, such sensors or organs of a space mast must be carried by the distal end of the mast in order to distance them from the main body of the space system and to allow measurements to be made on this main body or to be outside its electromagnetic influence for example. Such a space mast sometimes has a length of up to several meters and must be able to be folded up at launch and to be deployed only when the space structure is in space, in the position of use.

On connaît déjà du document US 2004/0046085 un mât déployable pour des applications spatiales et formé d'un tube gonflable. Un tel mât présente une grande légèreté mais ne présente pas une stabilité, une précision de positionnement et une rigidité satisfaisantes. On connait aussi de GB2456424 un support comprenant un tube gonflable et de US3913109 un support conforme au préambule de la revendication 1.We already know about the document US 2004/0046085 a deployable mast for space applications and formed of an inflatable tube. Such a mast is very light but does not have satisfactory stability, positioning precision and rigidity. We also know of GB2456424 a support comprising an inflatable tube and US3913109 a support conforming to the preamble of claim 1.

Le document WO2010/004168 propose un mât déployable comprenant une ossature formée d'une succession d'étages articulés les uns aux autres deux à deux en prolongement les uns des autres selon un axe de déploiement, les étages étant articulés les uns aux autres par des charnières. Un tel mât pouvant être verrouillé à l'état déployé nécessite une ossature complexe comprenant des plaquettes articulées entre elles.The document WO2010/004168 proposes a deployable mast comprising a framework formed of a succession of stages articulated to each other two by two in extension of each other along a deployment axis, the stages being articulated to each other by hinges. Such a mast that can be locked in the deployed state requires a complex framework comprising plates articulated to each other.

L'invention vise à proposer une structure déployable présentant une excellente précision de positionnement lors du déploiement.The invention aims to provide a deployable structure having excellent positioning precision during deployment.

L'invention vise également à proposer une structure déployable présentant une stabilité et une tenue aux sollicitations mécaniques améliorées à l'état déployé.The invention also aims to propose a deployable structure having improved stability and resistance to mechanical stresses in the deployed state.

L'invention vise également à fournir une structure déployable qui présente une excellente tenue aux sollicitations mécaniques, tant en traction ou en compression, selon un axe de déploiement longitudinal de la structure une fois déployée, qu'en sollicitations selon des axes formant un angle non nul avec cet axe de déploiement longitudinal.The invention also aims to provide a deployable structure which has excellent resistance to mechanical stresses, both in traction or compression, along a longitudinal deployment axis of the structure once deployed, and in stresses along axes forming a non-zero angle with this longitudinal deployment axis.

L'invention vise enfin à fournir une structure déployable qui soit simple et économique à fabriquer et à mettre en oeuvre.The invention finally aims to provide a deployable structure which is simple and economical to manufacture and implement.

Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet une structure pliable/déployable selon la revendication 1.More specifically, the invention relates to a foldable/deployable structure according to claim 1.

Le dispositif de haubanage d'une structure selon l'invention permet donc d'augmenter la précision de positionnement du mât, notamment lors de son déploiement, mais également d'augmenter la tenue aux sollicitations mécaniques d'un mât à l'état déployé et en particulier d'éviter sa distorsion hors de l'axe de déploiement longitudinal.The guying device of a structure according to the invention therefore makes it possible to increase the positioning precision of the mast, in particular during its deployment, but also to increase the resistance to mechanical stresses of a mast in the deployed state and in particular to avoid its distortion outside the longitudinal deployment axis.

Dans tout le texte, le terme « longitudinal » et ses dérivés se réfèrent, lorsque la structure présente une ligne droite de déploiement, à la direction longitudinale droite selon laquelle elle est déployée. Lorsque la structure est plus ou moins courbée ou présente une ligne de déploiement plus ou moins courbée entre ses extrémités longitudinales, ils se réfèrent, en toute section droite de la structure, à une direction tangente à la ligne de déploiement. Les termes « transverse », « transversal » et ses dérivés, et le terme « latéral » et ses dérivés, se réfèrent à des directions orthogonales à la direction longitudinale.Throughout the text, the term "longitudinal" and its derivatives refer, when the structure has a straight line of deployment, to the straight longitudinal direction in which it is deployed. When the structure is more or less curved or has a more or less curved line of deployment between its longitudinal ends, they refer, in any cross section of the structure, to a direction tangent to the line of deployment. The terms "transverse", "transverse" and its derivatives, and the term "lateral" and its derivatives, refer to directions orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.

Dans tout le texte, le terme « proximal » se réfère aux éléments de la structure disposés du côté de la base et le terme « distal » se réfère aux éléments de la structure disposés du côté de l'extrémité du mât opposée à celle fixée à la base, soit aux éléments plus éloignés de la base que ceux disposés dudit côté proximal.Throughout the text, the term "proximal" refers to the elements of the structure arranged on the base side and the term "distal" refers to the elements of the structure arranged on the side of the end of the mast opposite that fixed to the base, i.e. to the elements further from the base than those arranged on said proximal side.

Différents modes de réalisation sont possibles en ce qui concerne le mât. Il peut s'agir d'un mât pliable/déployable à déploiement spontané, c'est-à-dire dont la structure est telle qu'elle tend spontanément à se déployer à partir d'un état replié. Il peut par exemple également s'agir d'un mât tel qu'un mât formé d'un tube gonflable dont le gonflement est déclenché par un dispositif dédié.Various embodiments are possible with regard to the mast. It may be a foldable/deployable mast with spontaneous deployment, i.e. whose structure is such that it tends to spontaneously deploy from a folded state. It may for example also be a mast such as a mast formed from an inflatable tube whose inflation is triggered by a dedicated device.

Différents modes de réalisation sont possibles en ce qui concerne le dispositif de haubanage. En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit organe de liaison est résistant en traction -notamment en traction longitudinale-. Chaque organe de liaison du dispositif de haubanage présente au moins un point de fixation à ladite base et au moins un point de fixation audit mât, c'est-à-dire un unique point ou une pluralité de points juxtaposés et formant des lignes de fixation ou non. Ainsi chaque organe de liaison choisi dans le groupe formé des tissus, des non-tissés et des bandes (ou des bandelettes) peut présenter une ligne de fixation à ladite base et/ou au moins un point de fixation audit mât. En alternative ou en combinaison chaque organe de liaison choisi dans le groupe formé des tissus, des non-tissés et des bandes (ou des bandelettes) peut également présenter un ou plusieurs points de fixation distincts (non adjacents entre eux, c'est-à-dire ne formant pas une ligne de fixation).Various embodiments are possible with regard to the guying device. In particular, in certain embodiments in accordance with the invention, said connecting member is resistant to traction - in particular to longitudinal traction -. Each connecting member of the guying device has at least one point of attachment to said base and at least one point of attachment to said mast, i.e. a single point or a plurality of juxtaposed points and forming attachment lines or not. Thus each connecting member chosen from the group formed by fabrics, nonwovens and strips (or strips) can have a line of attachment to said base and/or at least one attachment point said mast. Alternatively or in combination, each connecting member chosen from the group consisting of fabrics, nonwovens and strips (or tapes) may also have one or more separate fixing points (not adjacent to each other, i.e. not forming a fixing line).

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de haubanage comprend au moins deux liens, au moins un desdits liens étant une bande présentant au moins deux points de fixation à ladite base et au moins deux points de fixation audit mât.In certain embodiments according to the invention, said guying device comprises at least two links, at least one of said links being a strip having at least two attachment points to said base and at least two attachment points to said mast.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de haubanage comprend au moins trois liens, chaque lien présentant au moins un point de fixation à ladite base et au moins un point de fixation audit mât. En d'autres termes, chaque lien relie au moins un point de ladite base à au moins un point dudit mât. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de haubanage comprend au moins quatre liens, chaque lien reliant au moins un point de ladite base à au moins un point dudit mât. Le dispositif de haubanage peut également comprendre plus de quatre liens, par exemple cinq liens, six liens, sept liens, huit liens ou encore dix ou douze liens.In some embodiments according to the invention, said guying device comprises at least three links, each link having at least one point of attachment to said base and at least one point of attachment to said mast. In other words, each link connects at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast. In some embodiments according to the invention, said guying device comprises at least four links, each link connecting at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast. The guying device may also comprise more than four links, for example five links, six links, seven links, eight links or even ten or twelve links.

Ledit dispositif de haubanage peut donc se présenter sous la forme d'une pluralité de liens reliant au moins un point de ladite base à au moins un point dudit mât, ou encore d'un tissu s'étendant au moins partiellement autour dudit mât à l'état déployé. Il peut par exemple s'agir d'un tissu sous la forme d'une voile ou encore d'une chaussette s'étendant autour dudit mât à l'état déployé. Une telle chaussette présente de préférence au moins deux points d'attache à ladite base, et en particulier au moins une ligne d'attache, ladite chaussette reliant ledit mât à ladite base selon une telle ligne d'attache. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de haubanage comprend un organe de liaison choisi dans le groupe formé des tissus et des non-tissés, ledit organe de liaison s'étendant entièrement autour dudit mât à l'état déployé.Said guying device may therefore be in the form of a plurality of links connecting at least one point of said base to at least one point of said mast, or of a fabric extending at least partially around said mast in the deployed state. It may for example be a fabric in the form of a sail or of a sock extending around said mast in the deployed state. Such a sock preferably has at least two attachment points to said base, and in particular at least one attachment line, said sock connecting said mast to said base along such an attachment line. In certain embodiments in accordance with the invention, said guying device comprises a connecting member chosen from the group formed by fabrics and nonwovens, said connecting member extending entirely around said mast in the deployed state.

En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation, il est à noter que chaque organe de liaison dudit dispositif de haubanage ne s'étend pas au contact dudit mât à l'état déployé (à l'exception de chaque point dudit mât relié à un point de ladite base par un lien). Ainsi, dans le cas d'un dispositif de haubanage se présentant sous la forme d'une chaussette en tissu, la chaussette s'étend autour dudit mât à l'état déployé de façon à présenter une section droite transversale non confondue avec la section droite transversale dudit mât dans un même plan. Ceci a pour effet de limiter d'autant plus efficacement les déplacements transverses du mât par rapport à la base au moins dans un état déployé dudit mât.In particular, in certain embodiments, it should be noted that each connecting member of said guying device does not extend into contact with said mast in the deployed state (with the exception of each point of said mast connected to a point of said base by a link). Thus, in the case of a guying device in the form of a fabric sock, the sock extends around said mast in the deployed state so as to have a cross-section that is not the same as the cross-section of said mast in the same plane. This has the effect of limiting all the more effectively the transverse movements of the mast relative to the base at least in a deployed state of said mast.

En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, chaque organe de liaison est formé d'au moins un matériau choisi dans le groupe formé des matériaux polymères flexibles, des matériaux composites flexibles, des tissus de fibres synthétiques (fibres de carbone, fibres de verre, fibres aramides (polyamides aromatiques), fibres de bore...), des fils de fibres synthétiques (fibres de polyamide, fibres de polyester, fibres de polyéthylène, chlorofibres, fibres acryliques, fibres de polypropylène, fibres de polyuréthane...), des fibres métalliques, des fibres de béryllium, des fibres céramiques, des fibres cellulosiques et de leurs mélanges.In particular, in certain embodiments in accordance with the invention, each connecting member is formed from at least one material chosen from the group formed by flexible polymer materials, flexible composite materials, synthetic fiber fabrics (carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (aromatic polyamides), boron fibers, etc.), synthetic fiber threads (polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, chlorofibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc.), metal fibers, beryllium fibers, ceramic fibers, cellulosic fibers and mixtures thereof.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ladite structure comprend un dispositif de commande du déclenchement du déploiement associé audit mât de façon à pouvoir autoriser son déploiement longitudinal à l'état déployé à partir de l'état replié.In certain embodiments according to the invention, said structure comprises a deployment trigger control device associated with said mast so as to be able to authorize its longitudinal deployment in the deployed state from the folded state.

Différents modes de réalisation sont possibles en ce qui concerne la disposition des points de fixation dudit dispositif de haubanage audit mât. Les points de fixation dudit dispositif de haubanage audit mât sont de préférence disposés au-delà de la moitié de la hauteur dudit mât à l'état déployé, notamment au-delà de deux tiers de la hauteur dudit mât à l'état déployé, c'est-à-dire disposés sur une portion distale dudit mât. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, chaque organe de liaison relie ladite base à une portion distale dudit mât à l'état déployé. En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, chaque organe de liaison relie ladite base à une extrémité distale dudit mât à l'état déployé.Various embodiments are possible with regard to the arrangement of the attachment points of said guying device to said mast. The attachment points of said guying device to said mast are preferably arranged beyond half the height of said mast in the deployed state, in particular beyond two thirds of the height of said mast in the deployed state, i.e. arranged on a distal portion of said mast. In certain embodiments according to the invention, each connecting member connects said base to a distal portion of said mast in the deployed state. In particular, in certain embodiments according to the invention, each connecting member connects said base to a distal end of said mast in the deployed state.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ladite structure comprend un dispositif de mise en tension dudit dispositif de haubanage, en particulier de mise en tension de chaque organe de liaison dudit dispositif de haubanage, adapté pour pouvoir mettre en tension chaque organe de liaison dudit dispositif de haubanage, à l'état déployé du mât. Le dispositif de mise en tension est un dispositif distinct du mât lui-même et distinct du dispositif de haubanage. Il est choisi pour pouvoir mettre sous tension ou accroitre la tension des organes de liaison, lorsque le mât déployable est à l'état déployé - notamment uniquement lorsque le mât déployable est à l'état déployé-. Le dispositif de mise en tension permet par exemple, lorsque le mât est à l'état déployé, un mouvement relatif d'éloignement entre au moins un -notamment chaque- point de fixation dudit dispositif de haubanage audit mât et la base. Il permet alors un positionnement précis du mât déployable, à l'état déployé. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, le dispositif de mise en tension est choisi pour permettre de maintenir une extrémité proximale du mât à l'état déployé, à une distance de ladite base supérieure à la distance séparant l'extrémité proximale dudit mât de ladite base lorsque ledit mât est à l'état replié. Différents modes de réalisation sont possibles en ce qui concerne le dispositif de mise en tension dudit dispositif de haubanage. Un tel dispositif de mise en tension peut par exemple comprendre un vérin et/ou un actionneur permettant d'écarter le mât (c'est-à-dire l'extrémité proximale du mât disposée du côté de la base de la structure) de la base. En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de mise en tension dudit dispositif de haubanage comporte un ressort hélicoïdal adapté pour pouvoir être comprimé à l'état replié dudit mât et étendu à l'état déployé dudit mât de façon à maintenir (lorsque le mât est à l'état déployé) une extrémité proximale dudit mât à une distance de ladite base supérieure à la distance séparant ledit mât - notamment ladite extrémité proximale dudit mât- de ladite base lorsque ledit mât est à l'état replié.In certain embodiments according to the invention, said structure comprises a device for tensioning said guying device, in particular for tensioning each connecting member of said guying device, adapted to be able to tension each connecting member of said guying device, in the deployed state of the mast. The tensioning device is a device separate from the mast itself and separate from the guying device. It is chosen to be able to tension or increase the tension of the connecting members, when the deployable mast is in the deployed state - in particular only when the deployable mast is in the deployed state. The tensioning device allows for example, when the mast is in the deployed state, a relative movement of separation between at least one - in particular each - point of attachment of said guying device to said mast and the base. It then allows precise positioning of the deployable mast, in the deployed state. In certain embodiments according to the invention, the tensioning device is chosen to allow a proximal end of the mast to be maintained in the deployed state, at a distance from said base greater than the distance separating the proximal end of said mast from said base when said mast is in the folded state. Different embodiments are possible with regard to the tensioning device of said guying device. Such a tensioning device may for example comprise a jack and/or an actuator allowing the mast (i.e. the proximal end of the mast arranged on the side of the base of the structure) to be moved away from the base. In particular, in certain embodiments in accordance with the invention, said tensioning device of said guying device comprises a helical spring adapted to be able to be compressed in the folded state of said mast and extended in the deployed state of said mast so as to maintain (when the mast is in the deployed state) a proximal end of said mast at a distance from said base greater than the distance separating said mast - in particular said proximal end of said mast - from said base when said mast is in the folded state.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, la base comprend des volets, en particulier au moins trois volets, adaptés pour pouvoir pivoter entre au moins une position fermée dans laquelle lesdits volets forment un réceptacle apte à recevoir au moins en partie ledit mât en position repliée, et au moins une position ouverte dans laquelle les volets sont pivotés de façon à s'écarter dudit mât, chaque organe de liaison reliant au moins un point d'un volet à au moins un point dudit mât.In some embodiments according to the invention, the base comprises flaps, in particular at least three flaps, adapted to be able to pivot between at least one closed position in which said flaps form a receptacle capable of receiving at least part of said mast in the folded position, and at least one open position in which the flaps are pivoted so as to deviate from said mast, each connecting member connecting at least one point of a flap to at least one point of said mast.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, en position déployée, chaque organe de liaison s'étend selon au moins une direction formant un angle non nul par rapport à l'axe de déploiement longitudinal dudit mât.In certain embodiments according to the invention, in the deployed position, each connecting member extends in at least one direction forming a non-zero angle relative to the longitudinal deployment axis of said mast.

Conformément à l'invention, ladite structure comprend une antenne (c'est-à-dire une antenne de communication de données). Les satellites embarquent une antenne permettant d'émettre et/ou de recevoir lesdites données par rayonnement d'un faisceau électromagnétique, ainsi que des moyens pour orienter ce faisceau électromagnétique vers une cible qui peut être une station au sol ou un autre satellite.According to the invention, said structure comprises an antenna (i.e. a data communication antenna). The satellites carry an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving said data by radiation of an electromagnetic beam, as well as means for orienting this electromagnetic beam towards a target which may be a ground station or another satellite.

Différents modes de réalisation sont possibles en ce qui concerne la disposition de l'antenne sur la structure. L'antenne peut par exemple être disposée à l'extrémité distale du mât ou sur la base. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, en position déployée, ladite antenne est hélicoïdale et s'étend selon une direction longitudinale sensiblement parallèle audit axe de déploiement longitudinal, ledit mât s'étendant longitudinalement à l'intérieur de ladite antenne. Il est également possible de prévoir que l'antenne soit disposée à l'intérieur du mât.Various embodiments are possible with regard to the arrangement of the antenna on the structure. The antenna may for example be arranged at the distal end of the mast or on the base. In certain embodiments according to the invention, in the deployed position, said antenna is helical and extends in a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to said longitudinal deployment axis, said mast extending longitudinally inside said antenna. It is also possible to provide for the antenna to be arranged inside the mast.

Conformément à l'invention, ledit dispositif de haubanage, notamment chaque organe de liaison, présente au moins un point de fixation à ladite antenne. Ceci permet en particulier de coordonner le déploiement du mât et le déploiement de l'antenne lorsque l'antenne est une antenne pliable/déployable.According to the invention, said guying device, in particular each connecting member, has at least one point of attachment to said antenna. This makes it possible in particular to coordinate the deployment of the mast and the deployment of the antenna when the antenna is a foldable/deployable antenna.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, l'antenne comprend une source rayonnante, adaptée pour rayonner des ondes électromagnétiques et un réflecteur principal, de l'antenne, l'antenne étant adaptée pour que le réflecteur principal puisse rayonner ledit faisceau électromagnétique à partir des ondes électromagnétiques rayonnées par la source rayonnante. Un tel réflecteur principal peut par exemple présenter au moins sensiblement une forme de paraboloïde hyperbolique.In some embodiments according to the invention, the antenna comprises a radiating source, adapted to radiate electromagnetic waves and a main reflector, of the antenna, the antenna being adapted so that the main reflector can radiate said electromagnetic beam from the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating source. Such a main reflector can for example have at least substantially a hyperbolic paraboloid shape.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit mât adopte, à l'état déployé, une forme stable rigide en compression axiale. Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, la structure est verrouillée à l'état déployé.In some embodiments according to the invention, said mast adopts, in the deployed state, a stable shape rigid in axial compression. In some embodiments according to the invention, the structure is locked in the deployed state.

Les organes de liaison du dispositif de haubanage sont répartis et fixés entre le mât et la base d'une structure selon l'invention de façon à être adaptés pour limiter les déplacements transverse du mât par rapport à la base à l'état déployé. En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, le dispositif de haubanage est adapté pour pouvoir maintenir ledit mât isostatique par rapport à ladite base. En particulier, dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, lorsque le dispositif de haubanage comporte au moins quatre points de fixation à la base et au moins quatre points de fixation au mât, le dispositif de haubanage est adapté pour pouvoir maintenir ledit mât hyperstatique par rapport à ladite base.The connecting members of the guying device are distributed and fixed between the mast and the base of a structure according to the invention so as to be adapted to limit the transverse movements of the mast relative to the base in the deployed state. In particular, in certain embodiments according to the invention, the guying device is adapted to be able to keep said mast isostatic relative to said base. In particular, in certain embodiments according to the invention, when the guying device comprises at least four attachment points to the base and at least four attachment points to the mast, the guying device is adapted to be able to keep said mast hyperstatic relative to said base.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante donnée à titre non limitatif de certains de ses modes de réalisation possibles et qui se réfère aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • [Fig. 1] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état replié,
  • [Fig. 2] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • [Fig. 3] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 4] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 5] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état replié,
  • [Fig. 6] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 7] est une vue en perspective d'un détail d'une structure selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 8] est une vue en perspective d'un détail d'une structure selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 9] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé,
  • [Fig. 10] est une vue en perspective d'une structure selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état déployé.
Other aims, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description given without limitation of some of its possible embodiments and which refers to the appended figures in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to a first embodiment of the invention in the folded state,
  • [ Fig. 2 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to the first embodiment of the invention,
  • [ Fig. 3 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to the first embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 4 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to the first embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 5 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to a second embodiment of the invention in the folded state,
  • [ Fig. 6 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to the second embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 7 ] is a perspective view of a detail of a structure according to the second embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 8 ] is a perspective view of a detail of a structure according to the second embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 9 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to a third embodiment of the invention in the deployed state,
  • [ Fig. 10 ] is a perspective view of a structure according to a fourth embodiment of the invention in the deployed state.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation selon l'invention, une structure 1 pliable/déployable représentée aux figures 1 à 4 comporte un mât 4 déployable selon un axe de déploiement longitudinal définissant également une direction longitudinale de la structure.According to a first embodiment according to the invention, a foldable/deployable structure 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 comprises a mast 4 deployable along a longitudinal deployment axis also defining a longitudinal direction of the structure.

En particulier, le mât 4 est à déploiement spontané. Il peut par exemple s'agir d'un mât gonflable ou d'un mât entièrement constitué d'une seule pièce d'un même matériau (par exemple un matériau polymère ou composite à matrice polymère, ou encore d'un matériau métallique) et adapté pour pouvoir être replié localement en toute zone de ce mât de façon à former une charnière de pliage à déploiement spontané. Il peut encore s'agir d'un mât déployable comprenant une ossature formée d'une succession d'étages articulés les uns aux autres tel que décrit dans WO2010/004168 .In particular, the mast 4 is self-deploying. It may, for example, be an inflatable mast or a mast made entirely of a single piece of the same material (for example a polymer or polymer matrix composite material, or a metal material) and adapted to be able to be folded locally in any area of this mast so as to form a self-deploying folding hinge. It may also be a deployable mast comprising a frame formed from a succession of floors articulated to each other as described in WO2010/004168 .

Le mât 4 déployable adapté pour pouvoir être placé soit dans un état replié dans lequel il occupe un encombrement axial minimum, soit dans un état déployé dans lequel il présente une forme prédéterminée. En particulier, le mât 4 adopte, à l'état déployé, une forme stable rigide en compression axiale.The deployable mast 4 adapted to be able to be placed either in a folded state in which it occupies a minimum axial space requirement, or in a deployed state in which it has a predetermined shape. In particular, the mast 4 adopts, in the deployed state, a stable shape that is rigid in axial compression.

Le mât déployable s'étend entre deux extrémités longitudinales. En particulier, à l'état déployé, le mât 4 présente une même section droite transversale entre ses deux extrémités longitudinales. En particulier, le mât 4 présente une forme générale sensiblement cylindrique à l'état déployé. Toutefois, le mât 4 peut également présenter une forme plus complexe non profilée, par exemple une succession de portions tronconiques ou ondulées.The deployable mast extends between two longitudinal ends. In particular, in the deployed state, the mast 4 has the same cross-section between its two longitudinal ends. In particular, the mast 4 has a substantially cylindrical general shape in the deployed state. However, the mast 4 may also have a more complex, non-profiled shape, for example a succession of truncated or undulating portions.

Dans les modes de réalisation représentés aux figures 1 à 9 le mât 4 présente une extrémité 9 proximale conique. Dans les modes de réalisation représentés aux figures 1 à 9 le mât 4 présente à son extrémité distale un plateau 7 se présentant sous la forme d'un disque.In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 the mast 4 has a conical proximal end 9. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 the mast 4 has at its distal end a plate 7 in the form of a disc.

Le mât 4 déployable repose sur une base 10 de la structure 1. Dans les modes de réalisation représentés aux figures 1 à 9, la base 10 présente une forme parallélépipédique, l'extrémité proximale du mât 4 reposant sur l'une des faces principales dudit parallélépipède. La base 10 peut être formée de tout organe ou système muni d'un mât déployable. Il peut en particulier s'agir d'un satellite et en particulier d'un satellite miniaturisé (par exemple d'un nanosatellite).The deployable mast 4 rests on a base 10 of the structure 1. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 , the base 10 has a parallelepiped shape, the proximal end of the mast 4 resting on one of the main faces of said parallelepiped. The base 10 may be formed of any member or system provided with a deployable mast. It may in particular be a satellite and in particular a miniaturized satellite (for example a nanosatellite).

Le mât 4 est relié à la base 10 (directement ou indirectement) par tout type de liaison, il peut en particulier s'agir d'une liaison de type rotule, une telle liaison permettant notamment de limiter les contraintes exercées sur le mât déployé.The mast 4 is connected to the base 10 (directly or indirectly) by any type of connection, in particular it may be a ball-and-socket type connection, such a connection making it possible in particular to limit the stresses exerted on the deployed mast.

La structure 1 pliable/déployable comprend un dispositif de haubanage comprenant quatre liens 22, chaque lien 22 reliant au moins un point de ladite base 10 à au moins un point dudit mât 4. Le dispositif de haubanage comprend au moins deux liens (c'est à dire un nombre de liens supérieur ou égal à deux). Le dispositif de haubanage peut donc également comprendre par exemple cinq liens ou encore jusqu'à dix, vingt ou trente liens 22. Les liens 22 sont répartis autour du mât 4 de façon à être régulièrement espacés ou non entre eux, en fonction des applications et des sollicitations mécaniques auxquelles est susceptible d'être soumise la structure. Il pourrait par exemple être avantageux de prévoir de renforcer la résistance aux sollicitations transverses d'un côté de la structure. Le dispositif de haubanage n'est donc pas nécessairement symétrique.The foldable/deployable structure 1 comprises a guying device comprising four links 22, each link 22 connecting at least one point of said base 10 to at least one point of said mast 4. The guying device comprises at least two links (i.e. a number of links greater than or equal to two). The guying device can therefore also comprise, for example, five links or up to ten, twenty or thirty links 22. The links 22 are distributed around the mast 4 so as to be regularly spaced or not between them, in depending on the applications and the mechanical stresses to which the structure is likely to be subjected. For example, it could be advantageous to provide for increased resistance to transverse stresses on one side of the structure. The guying device is therefore not necessarily symmetrical.

Chaque lien 22 peut par exemple être formé d'au moins un fil, un câble, une bande ou une bandelette en au moins un matériau choisi dans le groupe formé des matériaux polymères flexibles, les matériaux composites flexibles, des tissus de fibres synthétiques (fibres de carbone, fibres de verre, fibres aramides (polyamides aromatiques), fibres de bore...), des fils de fibres synthétiques (fibres de polyamide, fibres de polyester, fibres de polyéthylène, chlorofibres, fibres acryliques, fibres de polypropylène, fibres de polyuréthane...), des fibres métalliques, des fibres de béryllium, des fibres céramiques, des fibres cellulosiques et de leurs mélanges. En particulier, chaque lien est formé d'au moins un fil, un câble ou une bande, souple et résistant en traction.Each link 22 may for example be formed of at least one wire, a cable, a strip or a band made of at least one material selected from the group formed of flexible polymer materials, flexible composite materials, synthetic fiber fabrics (carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (aromatic polyamides), boron fibers, etc.), synthetic fiber threads (polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, chlorofibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyurethane fibers, etc.), metal fibers, beryllium fibers, ceramic fibers, cellulosic fibers and their mixtures. In particular, each link is formed of at least one wire, a cable or a strip, flexible and resistant to traction.

Chaque lien 22 peut par exemple être formé de fibres en aramide. De telles fibres sont souples et résistantes en traction.Each link 22 may for example be formed of aramid fibers. Such fibers are flexible and resistant to traction.

Chaque lien 22 peut être fixé à la base et au mât à l'aide d'une boucle, en le passant à l'intérieur d'une ouverture formée dans la base ou dans le mât, ou encore par collage à l'aide d'une résine synthétique. Dans le premier mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 à 4, chaque lien 22 est fixé d'une part, à un bord du plateau 7 à l'extrémité distale du mât 4 par passage à l'intérieur d'une ouverture 8, le plateau présentant quatre ouvertures 8, et, d'autre part, à un point 18 d'un bord de chaque volet 15.Each link 22 may be secured to the base and mast by means of a loop, by passing it through an opening formed in the base or mast, or by gluing using a synthetic resin. In the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 , each link 22 is fixed on the one hand, to an edge of the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4 by passing inside an opening 8, the plate having four openings 8, and, on the other hand, to a point 18 of an edge of each flap 15.

La structure 1 pliable/déployable comprend en outre un dispositif 30 de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage. Un tel dispositif de mise en tension est par exemple adapté pour permettre de repousser l'extrémité proximale du mât 4 de la base, par exemple à l'aide d'un vérin et/ou d'un actionneur. Il pourrait également encore s'agir d'enrouleurs adaptés pour mettre en tension chaque lien 22 une fois le mât déployé. Le dispositif de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage peut également permettre de régler la longueur de chaque lien, notamment au cours du déploiement du mât dans le cas où chaque lien 22 se déploie simultanément au mât 4. La structure 1 pliable/déployable peut également comprendre un tel dispositif de réglage de la longueur de chaque lien 22 distinct du dispositif de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage. Dans le premier mode de réalisation d'une structure 1 selon l'invention, le dispositif 30 de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage comporte un ressort hélicoïdal adapté pour pouvoir être comprimé à l'état replié du mât 4 et étendu (par détente dudit ressort) à l'état déployé du mât 4 de façon à maintenir l'extrémité proximale du mât à une distance de la base 10 supérieure à la distance séparant le mât de la base 10 lorsque le mât 4 est à l'état replié. La structure 1 pourrait en outre comprendre par exemple un dispositif de réglage de la longueur de chaque lien 22 prévu en chaque point de fixation d'un lien 22 au plateau 7 et/ou au point 18 de chaque volet 15, un tel dispositif de réglage de la longueur de chaque lien pourrait par exemple être du type d'un dispositif à vis sans fin. En particulier, un tel dispositif de réglage n'est pas nécessaire lorsque le dispositif de haubanage de la structure comporte trois liens ou plus.The foldable/deployable structure 1 further comprises a device 30 for tensioning the guying device. Such a tensioning device is for example adapted to allow the proximal end of the mast 4 to be pushed away from the base, for example using a jack and/or an actuator. It could also involve winders adapted to tension each link 22 once the mast is deployed. The device for tensioning the guying device can also allow the length of each link to be adjusted, in particular during the deployment of the mast in the case where each link 22 is deployed simultaneously with the mast 4. The foldable/deployable structure 1 can also include such a device for adjusting the length of each link 22 distinct from the device for tensioning the guying device. In the first embodiment of a structure 1 according to the invention, the device 30 for tensioning the guying device comprises a helical spring adapted to be able to be compressed in the folded state of the mast 4 and extended (by relaxation of said spring) in the deployed state of the mast 4 so as to maintain the proximal end of the mast at a distance from the base 10 greater than the distance separating the mast from the base 10 when the mast 4 is in the folded state. The structure 1 could further comprise, for example, a device for adjusting the length of each link 22 provided at each point of attachment of a link 22 to the plate 7 and/or at point 18 of each flap 15, such a device for adjusting the length of each link could for example be of the type of a worm screw device. In particular, such an adjustment device is not necessary when the guying device of the structure comprises three or more links.

La structure 1 pliable/déployable peut également comprendre un dispositif de commande du déclenchement du déploiement associé audit mât de façon à pouvoir autoriser son déploiement longitudinal à l'état déployé à partir de l'état replié.The foldable/deployable structure 1 may also comprise a deployment trigger control device associated with said mast so as to be able to authorize its longitudinal deployment in the deployed state from the folded state.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation d'une structure 1 représenté aux figures 1 à 4, la base 10 comprend quatre volets 15 pivotants. En position fermée les volets 15 forment un réceptacle apte à recevoir le mât 4 en position repliée (figure 1). En position ouverte les volets 15 sont pivotés vers l'extérieur de la structure de façon à s'écarter du mât 4 (figure 2), chaque lien 22 reliant chaque volet 15 au plateau 7 à l'extrémité distale du mât 4. Chaque volet 15 comprend un panneau 16 dont les faces principales sont sensiblement carrées ou rectangulaires. Une tige 17 pivotante relie chaque volet 15 à la base 10.In the first embodiment of a structure 1 shown in Figures 1 to 4 , the base 10 comprises four pivoting flaps 15. In the closed position, the flaps 15 form a receptacle capable of receiving the mast 4 in the folded position ( figure 1 ). In the open position, the shutters 15 are pivoted towards the outside of the structure so as to move away from the mast 4 ( figure 2 ), each link 22 connecting each flap 15 to the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4. Each flap 15 comprises a panel 16 whose main faces are substantially square or rectangular. A pivoting rod 17 connects each flap 15 to the base 10.

Le dispositif de commande du déclenchement du déploiement associé audit mât peut être couplé à un dispositif de maintien du mât à l'état replié.The deployment trigger control device associated with said mast may be coupled to a device for holding the mast in the folded state.

Divers modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés en ce qui concerne le dispositif de maintien du mât à l'état replié. Selon d'autres modes de réalisation non représentés, il est possible d'utiliser au moins un fil ou un câble en matériau polymère thermoplastique pour maintenir la structure à l'état replié.Various embodiments may be envisaged with respect to the device for maintaining the mast in the folded state. According to other embodiments not shown, it is possible to use at least one wire or cable made of thermoplastic polymer material to maintain the structure in the folded state.

Le dispositif de maintien du mât en position repliée peut notamment prendre la forme d'un fil, d'un faisceau de fils, d'une bande, d'un collier de serrage unidirectionnel, d'un manchon (tissé ou non)... Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, ledit dispositif de maintien comprend au moins un fil en matériau polymère thermoplastique qui est adapté pour pouvoir être rompu par fusion. Il peut s'agir d'un unique fil ou d'un faisceau de fils, éventuellement tissés entre eux. Une structure déployable selon l'invention peut par exemple comprendre un microcontrôleur permettant de commander la rupture dudit dispositif de maintien en au moins un point de façon à permettre le déploiement dudit mât.The device for holding the mast in the folded position may in particular take the form of a wire, a bundle of wires, a strip, a one-way clamp, a sleeve (woven or not), etc. In certain embodiments in accordance with the invention, said holding device comprises at least one wire made of thermoplastic polymer material which is adapted to be able to be broken by melting. It may be a single wire or a bundle of wires, possibly woven together. A deployable structure according to the invention may for example comprise a microcontroller making it possible to control the breaking of said holding device at at least one point so as to allow the deployment of said mast.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, le matériau formant ledit dispositif de maintien est choisi dans le groupe formé des matériaux polymères présentant une température de fusion inférieure à 300°C, notamment une température de fusion comprise entre 0°C et 280°C, en particulier dans le groupe formé des polypropylènes (PP), des polyéthylènes (PE) (par exemple le Dyneema® commercialisé par DSM® (Heerlen, Pays-Bas) (« UHMNPE » ou polyéthylène à ultra haut poids moléculaire)), des polyaramides (par exemple le Kevlar® commercialisé par DuPont® (Midland, États-Unis)), des polyamides, des polyesters, leurs composites et leurs mélanges.In certain embodiments according to the invention, the material forming said holding device is selected from the group formed by polymer materials having a melting temperature of less than 300°C, in particular a melting temperature of between 0°C and 280°C, in particular from the group formed by polypropylenes (PP), polyethylenes (PE) (for example Dyneema ® marketed by DSM ® (Heerlen, Netherlands) ("UHMNPE" or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene)), polyaramids (for example Kevlar ® marketed by DuPont ® (Midland, United States)), polyamides, polyesters, their composites and their mixtures.

Dans certains modes de réalisation conformes à l'invention, le dispositif de maintien du mât à l'état replié comprend au moins un dispositif chauffant adapté pour pouvoir rompre par fusion ledit dispositif de maintien. Il peut par exemple s'agir d'un dispositif chauffant (parfois appelé « couteau chauffant ») formé d'un fil (par exemple un fil métallique tel qu'un alliage de nickel et de chrome) ou d'une plaque métallique adaptée pour pouvoir atteindre une température prédéterminée au moins égale à la température de fusion du matériau formant ledit dispositif de maintien à rompre. Le dispositif chauffant comprend en particulier un matériau électriquement conducteur adapté pour pouvoir s'échauffer par effet Joule (P=RI2 en régime de courant continu, P représentant une puissance électrique, R la résistance électrique du dispositif chauffant et I l'intensité électrique) lorsqu'il est relié électriquement aux deux bornes d'un générateur.In certain embodiments according to the invention, the device for holding the mast in the folded state comprises at least one heating device adapted to be able to break said holding device by melting. It may for example be a heating device (sometimes called a "heating knife") formed of a wire (for example a metal wire such as a nickel and chromium alloy) or a metal plate adapted to be able to reach a predetermined temperature at least equal to the melting temperature of the material forming said holding device to be broken. The heating device comprises in particular an electrically conductive material adapted to be able to heat up by the Joule effect (P=RI 2 in direct current mode, P representing an electrical power, R the electrical resistance of the heating device and I the electrical intensity) when it is electrically connected to the two terminals of a generator.

Le dispositif de commande du déclenchement du déploiement associé au mât 4 peut donc être un dispositif permettant de désactiver le dispositif de maintien du mât à l'état replié. Il peut s'agir d'un dispositif chauffant dans le cas d'un maintien à l'aide d'un fil fusible ou d'un faisceau de fils fusibles, ou encore des volets 15 dans le premier mode de réalisation d'une structure selon l'invention, les volets 15 fermés pouvant par exemple exercer une compression du mât à l'état replié telle que lorsque l'ouverture par pivotement des volets 15 est déclenchée, le mât 4 soit libéré et son déploiement ainsi déclenché. Il est également possible de combiner les deux dans une même structure pliable/déployable (maintien à l'aide de fils fusibles et maintien à l'état replié par les volets 15).The deployment trigger control device associated with mast 4 can therefore be a device for deactivating the holding device of the mast in the folded state. This may be a heating device in the case of maintenance using a fusible wire or a bundle of fusible wires, or else flaps 15 in the first embodiment of a structure according to the invention, the closed flaps 15 being able for example to exert a compression of the mast in the folded state such that when the opening by pivoting of the flaps 15 is triggered, the mast 4 is released and its deployment thus triggered. It is also possible to combine the two in the same foldable/deployable structure (maintenance using fusible wires and maintenance in the folded state by the flaps 15).

En outre, le dispositif 30 de mise en tension de sorte peut être tel que la structure puisse se déployer en une seule étape ou en au moins deux étapes de détente. Si le dispositif de mise en tension est actionné ou activé spontanément ou concomitamment au dispositif de commande du déploiement associé au mât, on peut parler de détente en une seule étape, la mise en tension des liens du dispositif de haubanage étant réalisée au cours du déploiement du mât et en particulier en fin de déploiement du mât. Le mât ainsi déployé étant très rapidement stable et apte à résister aux sollicitations mécaniques transverses.Furthermore, the tensioning device 30 may be such that the structure can be deployed in a single step or in at least two relaxation steps. If the tensioning device is actuated or activated spontaneously or concomitantly with the deployment control device associated with the mast, it is possible to speak of relaxation in a single step, the tensioning of the links of the guying device being carried out during the deployment of the mast and in particular at the end of the deployment of the mast. The mast thus deployed being very quickly stable and able to withstand transverse mechanical stresses.

Dans une deuxième variante, il est possible de déclencher la mise en tension des liens du dispositif de haubanage par le dispositif de mise en tension de façon distincte du dispositif de commande du déclenchement du déploiement associé au mât, le déploiement de la structure pouvant alors être réalisé en au moins deux étapes (déploiement du mât 4 puis mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage). Pour ce faire, il est par exemple possible de prévoir un fil fusible retenant le ressort hélicoïdal en position comprimée associé à un dispositif chauffant adapté pour pouvoir rompre ce fil fusible au moment voulu.In a second variant, it is possible to trigger the tensioning of the links of the guying device by the tensioning device separately from the deployment trigger control device associated with the mast, the deployment of the structure then being able to be carried out in at least two stages (deployment of the mast 4 then tensioning of the guying device). To do this, it is for example possible to provide a fusible wire holding the helical spring in the compressed position associated with a heating device adapted to be able to break this fusible wire at the desired time.

Ainsi, par exemple si le dispositif 30 de mise en tension est un ressort hélicoïdal qui est comprimé à l'état replié de la structure et sa détente permise simultanément au déclenchement du déploiement du mât 4, le déploiement de la structure aura lieu en une seule étape (bien que ce déploiement puisse toutefois s'opérer progressivement jusqu'à la mise en tension effective des liens du dispositif de haubanage, typiquement en quelques secondes).Thus, for example, if the tensioning device 30 is a helical spring which is compressed in the folded state of the structure and its relaxation allowed simultaneously with the triggering of the deployment of the mast 4, the deployment of the structure will take place in a single step (although this deployment can however take place progressively until the effective tensioning of the links of the guying device, typically in a few seconds).

La figure 3 représente la structure 1 après déclenchement du déploiement du mât 4 et en fin de déploiement dudit mât, le mât ayant atteint sa longueur maximale prédéterminée correspondant à son état déployé. La figure 4 représente la structure 1 après déploiement dudit mât et mise en tension des liens 22 du dispositif de haubanage, le ressort hélicoïdal 30 étant plus étendu que le ressort hélicoïdal 30 visible en figure 3. Après mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage, les liens 22 qui ne sont pas tendus sur la figure 3 le deviennent sur la figure 4 de façon à obtenir une structure 1 dont la position à l'état déployé du mât 4 est précise et stable. Ainsi, après déploiement du mât 4 et mise en tension des liens 22 du dispositif de haubanage le mât 4 est maintenu de façon isostatique ou hyperstatique par rapport à ladite base 10. En outre, le dispositif 30 de mise en tension permet de verrouiller la structure 1 à l'état déployé.There figure 3 represents structure 1 after triggering the deployment of mast 4 and at the end of deployment of said mast, the mast having reached its predetermined maximum length corresponding to its deployed state. figure 4 represents the structure 1 after deployment of said mast and tensioning of the links 22 of the guying device, the helical spring 30 being more extended than the helical spring 30 visible in figure 3 . After tensioning the guying device, the links 22 which are not tensioned on the figure 3 become on the figure 4 so as to obtain a structure 1 whose position in the deployed state of the mast 4 is precise and stable. Thus, after deployment of the mast 4 and tensioning of the links 22 of the guying device, the mast 4 is maintained isostatically or hyperstatically relative to said base 10. In addition, the tensioning device 30 makes it possible to lock the structure 1 in the deployed state.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 5 à 8, la structure 2 pliable/déployable diffère d'une structure 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 à 4 en ce que les liens 42 sont fixés directement à la base 10 et non par l'intermédiaire de volets 15.In the embodiment shown in Figures 5 to 8 , the foldable/deployable structure 2 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 in that the links 42 are fixed directly to the base 10 and not by means of flaps 15.

La structure 2 pliable/déployable représentée aux figures 5 à 8 comporte un mât 4 déployable identique au mât selon le premier mode de réalisation d'une structure selon l'invention et repose sur une même base 10.The foldable/deployable structure 2 shown in Figures 5 to 8 comprises a deployable mast 4 identical to the mast according to the first embodiment of a structure according to the invention and rests on the same base 10.

La structure 2 pliable/déployable représenté aux figures 5 à 8 comprend un dispositif de haubanage comprenant quatre liens 42, chaque lien 42 reliant au moins un angle 45 de la base 10 à au moins un point du plateau 7 à l'extrémité distale du mât 4.The foldable/deployable structure 2 shown in Figures 5 to 8 comprises a guying device comprising four links 42, each link 42 connecting at least one corner 45 of the base 10 to at least one point of the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4.

La figure 5 représente la structure 2 à l'état replié (avant déclenchement du déploiement du mât). Sur la figure 5 le ressort hélicoïdal du dispositif 30 de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage est comprimé.There figure 5 represents structure 2 in the folded state (before triggering the deployment of the mast). On the figure 5 the helical spring of the tensioning device 30 of the guying device is compressed.

La figure 6 représente la structure 2 à l'état déployé et après mise en tension des liens 42 du dispositif de haubanage par détente du ressort hélicoïdal du dispositif 30 de mise en tension du dispositif de haubanage (comme en figure 4 en ce qui concerne la structure 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation).There figure 6 represents the structure 2 in the deployed state and after tensioning of the links 42 of the guying device by relaxation of the helical spring of the device 30 for tensioning the guying device (as in figure 4 with regard to structure 1 according to the first embodiment).

La figure 7 représente un détail d'une structure 2 dont le mât est à l'état déployé, avant mise en tension des liens 42 du dispositif de haubanage (le ressort hélicoïdal étant comprimé). La figure 8 représente un détail d'une structure 2 dont le mât est à l'état déployé, après mise en tension des liens 42 du dispositif de haubanage conformément à la représentation de la figure 6, le ressort hélicoïdal étant étendu.There figure 7 represents a detail of a structure 2 whose mast is in the deployed state, before tensioning the links 42 of the guying device (the coil spring being compressed). The figure 8 represents a detail of a structure 2 whose mast is in the deployed state, after tensioning of the links 42 of the guying device in accordance with the representation of the figure 6 , the coil spring being extended.

Dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention représenté à l'état déployé à la figure 9, une structure 3 pliable/déployable diffère d'une structure 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation en ce qu'elle comprend en outre une antenne 50.In a third embodiment of the invention shown in the deployed state at figure 9 , a foldable/deployable structure 3 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment in that it further comprises an antenna 50.

Différentes configurations sont possibles en ce qui concerne le type d'antenne et sa disposition dans la structure. L'antenne peut être fixé à la base, à l'extrémité du mât, ou encore autour ou à l'intérieur du mât 4. L'antenne 50 représentée à la figure 9 est hélicoïdale et s'étend selon une direction longitudinale sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de déploiement longitudinal de la structure 3, le mât 4 s'étendant longitudinalement à l'intérieur de l'antenne 50. L'antenne 50 est fixée à chaque extrémité longitudinale du mât 4 et peut être comprimée à la façon d'un ressort, de sorte qu'à l'état replié, la structure 3 présente le même encombrement axial que les structures 1 ou 2 selon le premier mode et le deuxième mode de réalisation.Different configurations are possible with respect to the type of antenna and its arrangement in the structure. The antenna may be fixed at the base, at the end of the mast, or around or inside the mast 4. The antenna 50 shown in figure 9 is helical and extends in a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal deployment axis of the structure 3, the mast 4 extending longitudinally inside the antenna 50. The antenna 50 is fixed to each longitudinal end of the mast 4 and can be compressed in the manner of a spring, so that in the folded state, the structure 3 has the same axial size as the structures 1 or 2 according to the first and second embodiments.

Dans une variante (non représentée) il est également possible de prévoir que le dispositif de haubanage, ici les liens 22, soient reliés en un ou plusieurs points à l'antenne par des points de fixation, par exemple à l'aide d'une résine synthétique comme des points de colle ou à l'aide de liens secondaires ou autres types d'attaches ou de boucles additionnelles.In a variant (not shown) it is also possible to provide that the guying device, here the links 22, are connected at one or more points to the antenna by fixing points, for example using a synthetic resin such as glue dots or using secondary links or other types of additional fasteners or loops.

Selon un quatrième mode de réalisation d'une structure 70 selon l'invention représenté à la figure 10, une structure 70 pliable/déployable diffère d'une structure 1 selon le premier mode de réalisation en ce que le dispositif de haubanage est formé d'un organe de liaison choisi dans le groupe formé des tissus et des non-tissés, le tissu (ou le non-tissé) s'étendant entièrement autour dudit mât 4 à l'état déployé à la façon d'une chaussette 60. La chaussette 60 est fixée selon une ligne de fixation circulaire à la base 110 et également selon une ligne de fixation circulaire sur le plateau 7 à l'extrémité distale du mât 4, le mât 4 étant disposé à l'intérieur de la chaussette 60. La chaussette peut également intégrer une antenne 65 hélicoïdale, l'antenne étant disposée autour (à l'extérieur) du mât 4 à l'état déployé de la structure.According to a fourth embodiment of a structure 70 according to the invention shown in figure 10 , a foldable/deployable structure 70 differs from a structure 1 according to the first embodiment in that the guying device is formed of a connecting member selected from the group formed by fabrics and nonwovens, the fabric (or nonwoven) extending entirely around said mast 4 in the deployed state in the manner of a sock 60. The sock 60 is fixed along a circular fixing line to the base 110 and also along a circular fixing line on the plate 7 at the distal end of the mast 4, the mast 4 being arranged inside the sock 60. The sock can also integrate a helical antenna 65, the antenna being arranged around (outside) the mast 4 in the deployed state of the structure.

À l'état replié (figures 1, 2 et 5) (avant déploiement), le mât 4 peut par exemple se présenter sous la forme générale d'un cylindre dont les dimensions externes sont de l'ordre de 100 mm de hauteur avec un diamètre de l'ordre de 9 mm.In the folded state ( figures 1 , 2 And 5 ) (before deployment), the mast 4 can for example take the general form of a cylinder whose external dimensions are of the order of 100 mm in height with a diameter of the order of 9 mm.

À l'état déployé (figures 4, 6 et 9), le mât 4 peut par exemple présenter des dimensions externes telles que le mât présente une longueur de l'ordre de 60 mm, ou encore pouvant aller jusqu'à un mètre de longueur.In the deployed state ( figures 4 , 6 And 9 ), the mast 4 may for example have external dimensions such that the mast has a length of the order of 60 mm, or even up to one meter in length.

Claims (11)

  1. A foldable/deployable structure (1, 2) having:
    - a pole (4) that is deployable along a longitudinal deployment axis, and that is designed to be able to be placed either in a folded state in which it has a minimum axial space requirement or in a deployed state in which it has a predetermined shape,
    - a base (10) on which said deployable pole (4) stands,
    - a bracing device, said bracing device:
    ▪ having at least three points for fixing to said base (10) and at least three points for fixing to said pole (4), said bracing device connecting said base to said pole;
    ▪ being designed to be able to limit the transverse movements of the pole with respect to the base (10), at least in a deployed state of said pole (4); and
    ▪ comprising at least one connecting member (22, 42, 60) chosen from the group made up of woven fabrics, nonwovens and ties, said ties being chosen from the group made up of monofilaments, cables, bundles and tapes;
    - a device (30) for tensioning each connecting member of said bracing device, designed to be able to tension each connecting member of said bracing device, in the deployed state of the pole (4);
    said structure (1, 2) comprises an antenna (50, 65) and being characterized in that the bracing device having at least one point for fixing to said antenna (50, 65).
  2. The structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a device for controlling the initiation of the deployment associated with said pole (4) so as to be able to allow the longitudinal deployment thereof into the deployed state from the folded state.
  3. The structure as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, wherein said bracing device comprises at least two ties, at least one of said ties being a tape having at least two points for fixing to said base (10) and at least two points for fixing to said pole (4).
  4. The structure as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, wherein said bracing device comprises at least three ties (22, 42), each tie (22, 42) having at least one point for fixing to said base (10) and at least one point for fixing to said pole (4).
  5. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each connecting member (22, 42, 60) connects said base (10) to a distal end of said pole (4) in the deployed state.
  6. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the device (30) for tensioning said bracing device has a helical spring designed to be able to be compressed in the folded state of said pole (4) and extended in the deployed state of said pole (4) so as to keep a proximal end of said pole at a distance from said base (10) greater than the distance separating the pole (4) from said base (10) when the pole is in the folded state.
  7. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the base (10) comprises at least three flaps (15) designed to be able to pivot between at least one closed position, in which said flaps form a receptable that is able to at least partially receive said pole (4) in the folded state, and at least one open position, in which the flaps (15) have been pivoted away from said pole (4), each connecting member (22, 42, 60) connecting at least one point of a flap (15) to at least one point of said pole (4).
  8. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, configured to be locked in the deployed state, and in that said bracing device being designed to be able to keep said pole (4) isostatic with respect to said base (10).
  9. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, in the deployed position, each connecting member extends in at least one direction forming a non-zero angle with respect to the longitudinal deployment axis of said pole (4).
  10. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, in the deployed state, said antenna (50, 65) is helical and extends in a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to said longitudinal deployment axis, said pole (4) extending longitudinally inside said antenna.
  11. The structure as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said pole (4) adopts, in the deployed state, a rigid stable form under axial compression.
EP20737200.4A 2019-07-12 2020-07-10 Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast Active EP3997287B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1907867A FR3098535B1 (en) 2019-07-12 2019-07-12 FOLDABLE/DEPLOYABLE STRUCTURE COMPRISING A DEPLOYABLE MAST
PCT/EP2020/069645 WO2021009072A1 (en) 2019-07-12 2020-07-10 Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3997287A1 EP3997287A1 (en) 2022-05-18
EP3997287B1 true EP3997287B1 (en) 2024-09-04

Family

ID=69024294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20737200.4A Active EP3997287B1 (en) 2019-07-12 2020-07-10 Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US12012771B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3997287B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3098535B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021009072A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3913109A (en) * 1974-12-02 1975-10-14 Us Navy Antenna erection mechanism
US6786456B2 (en) 2002-08-29 2004-09-07 L'garde, Inc. Deployable inflatable boom and methods for packaging and deploying a deployable inflatable boom
US20050224545A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-10-13 Boschma James H Jr Inflatable observation tower and method for erecting an inflatable observation tower
ES2588171T3 (en) * 2008-01-16 2016-10-31 Bdz Holdings Ltd Temporary support
FR2933076B1 (en) 2008-06-25 2010-08-13 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales DEPLOYABLE MATTER WITH REPLACED SPONTANEOUS FRACTURE DEPLOYABLE AND RIGID IN DEPLOYED STATE
CA2811453C (en) * 2010-10-22 2017-11-21 Patric Murphy Collapsible helical antenna
US10920444B2 (en) * 2018-03-22 2021-02-16 Tower Solutions, Llc Mobile tower for transportation and remote deployment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3098535B1 (en) 2022-10-21
EP3997287A1 (en) 2022-05-18
WO2021009072A1 (en) 2021-01-21
US12012771B2 (en) 2024-06-18
US20220290459A1 (en) 2022-09-15
FR3098535A1 (en) 2021-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2993131B1 (en) Deployable mast with autonomous spontaneous deployment and satellite comprising at least one such mast
EP0044241B1 (en) Collapsible antenna reflector
EP2468629B1 (en) Large extendable rigid structures
EP0415804B1 (en) Dismountable and air-transportable antenna for satellite communications
EP2514674B1 (en) Device for protecting an optical instrument of a satellite
EP1831075A1 (en) Device for supporting elements of a spacecraft equipment with flexible deployable blades
EP3645400B1 (en) Deployable satellite mast
CA2847480C (en) Deployable mast featuring spontaneous autonomous deployment and satellite including at least one such mast
FR2584045A1 (en) LARGE HIGH FREQUENCY SOLAR PANEL FOR SATELLITE
EP3997287B1 (en) Foldable/deployable structure comprising a deployable mast
EP2584326B1 (en) Antenna for supporting an array of transducers and method for mounting such an antenna
EP2520494A1 (en) Device for protecting a multiple mirror optical instrument
FR3081841A1 (en) DEPLOYABLE CARRIER DEVICE FOR SATELLITE EQUIPMENT
FR2983646A1 (en) Deployable antenna i.e. dipole log periodic antenna, system for use on artificial satellite, has flexible strips unfolded by displacement of carrying box between open and closed positions and of carrying structure to extended position
WO2019145663A1 (en) Foldable/deployable device comprising at least four warped sectors connected by hinges
EP3910739A1 (en) Auto-deployable radiofrequency antenna
EP0239454B1 (en) Mechanism for removing an element and its use in deployable solar generators
EP1362386B1 (en) Unfoldable electromagnetic reflector
EP0503415B1 (en) Device for connecting armoured wires of two armoured cables
FR3065203B1 (en) LIGHT TUBULAR STRUCTURE
FR2589982A1 (en) Foldable structure especially for space
FR3101857A1 (en) Device for deploying a surface
EP1329684B1 (en) Deployable decoy and ammunition for scattering said decoy
EP4321702A1 (en) Sun or weather protection device
FR2787639A1 (en) Rapid deployment folding dipole antenna having upper/lower arm assembly holding vertical dipole and moving during closure.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20211228

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BOUDINOT, RICHARD

Inventor name: CAPET, NICOLAS

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20240404

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602020037071

Country of ref document: DE

U01 Request for unitary effect filed

Effective date: 20241003