EP3905884A1

EP3905884A1 - Natural herbicide

Info

Publication number: EP3905884A1
Application number: EP19848996.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean-Christophe Cardona
Original assignee: C.B.C.
Current assignee: C.B.C.
Priority date: 2018-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2021-11-10
Also published as: FR3091147B1; WO2020141283A1; FR3091147A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of phytosanitary herbicidal compositions capable of eliminating or of limiting the growth of weeds around crops. In particular, the present invention relates to a natural herbicidal composition, to the method of producing same, and to the use of same to combat weeds that are contending with crops.

Description

NATURAL HERBICIDE

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of herbicide phytosanitary compositions capable of eliminating weeds around plants or of limiting their development.

In particular, the present invention relates to a herbicide composition of natural origin, its preparation process, as well as its use for combating weeds that are enemies of plants.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

A plant takes on the status of weed only in relation to human activity. Apart from agriculture in the broad sense of the term (including arable crops, vines, market gardening, fruits, etc.), we may have to deal with problems of weeding in many situations such as: railways, communities for cleaning sidewalks, public spaces and cemeteries, waterways, tarmacs at airports, highways, forests, etc.

We can then define a weed as a plant that grows where we do not want it.

The weed or adventicius used to designate a weed, corresponds, in the botanical sense, to a plant introduced into an environment of which it is not native or "plant which grows on a cultivated ground without having been sown there", one can speak of a "foreign" plant.

Weeds are responsible for growth limitations in plants, often by asphyxiation but not only, which cause significant damage to crops and this is what constitutes their harmfulness.

In fact, weeds compete with cultivated plants for the exploitation of environmental resources such as light, water, nutrients, space.

Many herbicides have thus been developed to eliminate unwanted weeds, parasites from plants or limiting their development, and therefore treat and / or prevent the appearance or / and development of these weeds.

A distinction is thus made between systemic herbicides with root penetration such as atrazine in corn cultivation, systemic herbicides with penetration foliar such as glyphosate, and foliar penetrating contact herbicides such as paraquat herbicides. Paraquat is a phytosanitary product (pesticide) with a herbicidal effect produced for commercial purposes from 1961 by ICI (now Syngenta).

The use of these compounds is however not optimal either in terms of efficacy or in terms of toxicity to humans, animals or the environment.

Indeed, the massive use, agricultural or not, of chemical pesticides raises many health and ecological problems. From an environmental point of view, there is an increasing contamination of soil and groundwater by the molecules contained in phytosanitary products. These pollutants can cause disturbances in contaminated ecosystems, due to their potential toxicological effects on non-target organisms. These deleterious effects are notably increased by the significant persistence of most of the pesticides used. In addition to ecological risks, the dangers linked to the use and exposure to pesticides are also well documented and are the subject of a warning by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Today, herbicides are recognized as relatively dangerous chemicals for human, animal and ecosystem health. Among the best known, some are probable carcinogens and / or endocrine disruptors. Some belong to classes of persistent chemicals because of their proven potential for bioaccumulation.

The growing awareness of the ecological and health risks induced by the massive use of chemical pesticides has therefore contributed to promoting in recent years the development of a demand for phytosanitary products of natural origin, whose toxicological and environmental impact is much weaker. These products, which are less harmful to humans and their environment, also have the advantage of simplified use, through the absence of the obligation of protective equipment for those who use them and because they often benefit from regulations lightened. In addition, many urban centers and local or regional authorities limit the use of chemical pesticides in their public spaces (parks, sports fields, green spaces, etc.) and in particular since the promulgation prohibiting their use communities and severely limiting their access to the general public.

Finally, the significant development of resistance observed against current treatments limits their activity and makes it necessary to develop new weed control solutions.

There is therefore a significant need for the development of new natural herbicide compositions, with a broad spectrum, which are both effective, simple to implement, and whose production costs are controlled.

It would also be advantageous for such compositions to have a double action by contact and systemic in order to present an optimal effectiveness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to meet the aforementioned needs, the present invention provides a phytosanitary composition of natural origin having herbicidal properties, called herbicidal composition, characterized in that it comprises:

- pine terpenes;

eucalyptus essential oil;

marigold essential oil;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

- at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract from at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family.

The applicant has discovered that this innovative herbicide acts by contact as well as systemically. It thus fulfills several roles that certain chemical herbicides cannot perform without risk to the ecosystem as a whole.

It acts first by contact, that is to say that we observe a drying of the weed. There is destruction of the cuticle of the weed plant thereby making the plant unprotected because the first effect of the herbicidal composition is to roast the stomata of the leaf, preventing all exchanges between the ambient air and it. The system of the plant, for the circulation of the sap, not being done any more, the plant will necrose on the level of its vessels and die. As a result, the weed growth cycle that will allow it to develop is broken because the amount of moisture needed for this process is reduced. It also acts, as we have seen, by entering the weed by blocking its defense system. In addition, there is an inhibition on the root part created by the synergy of essential oils. The terpene action of essential oils acts on two levels, first by the system with penetration by the stomata and then by an induced circulation in the sap. The third action is anti-germination and produced by maceration of plants which will thus prevent, for example, the germination of weed or weed seeds. The combination of these actions is obtained by plant components or plant extracts and makes it possible to obtain a herbicide composition with a very broad spectrum, moreover exhibiting optimum efficacy thanks to a synergistic action of its various components. The composition of the invention thus has improved efficacy on weeds or weeds compared to chemical herbicide products.

Preferably, pine terpenes are the terpenes of a pine essential oil.

In a particular embodiment, the composition of the invention has in particular a herbicidal activity against weeds of the family of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, as well as grasses, cyperaceae, Aegopodium podagraria, Cardamine hirsuta , Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium abum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Elymus repens, Equisetum arvense, Hedera helix, Marchantia polymorpha, Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, Plantago major, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus, Rumex crispus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Stallaria media, Taraxanum officinale, Urtica dioïca. The herbicidal composition therefore makes it possible to prevent and / or treat weeds of the Imperata cylindrica family, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, as well as grasses, cyperaceae, Aegopodium podagraria, Cardamine hirsuta, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium abum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Elymus repens, Equisetum arvense, Hedera helix, Marchantia polymorpha, Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, Plantago major, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus, Rumex crispus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Stallaria media, Taraxanum officinale, Urtica dioïca.

The plant extract of at least one plant from the juglandaceae family can be a walnut extract. Such a plant extract can be in the form of a maceration of at least one plant of the juglandaceae family and in particular of a maceration of walnut.

The eucalyptus essential oil is preferably the essential oil of globular eucalyptus or radiated eucalyptus.

The essential oil of carnation is preferably the essential oil of

Tagetes erecta, or essential oil of Tagetes patula.

Oregano essential oil is preferably compact oregano or common oregano essential oil.

The calcium hydroxide is preferably in the form of an aqueous solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide, for example of concentration between 1 g / L and 70 g / L.

The emulsifier, which will preferably allow a stable, homogeneous and fluid emulsion, is preferably a nonionic "oil in water" emulsifier of plant origin, for example vegetable glycerin.

In certain embodiments, the herbicidal composition comprises, by volume relative to the total volume of said composition:

from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, in particular from 3 to 5% of pine terpenes;

from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, especially from 3 to 5% of eucalyptus essential oil;

from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, especially from 3 to 5% of essential oil of carnation;

from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, especially from 3 to 5% of oregano essential oil;

- from 10 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50%, in particular from 35 to 45% of calcium hydroxide;

from 6 to 12%, preferably from 8 to 10% of at least one emulsifier; from 10 to 40%, preferably from 15 to 35%, especially from 20 to 30% of a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family.

The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a herbicide composition of natural origin comprising the mixture of the following compounds:

pine terpenes; eucalyptus essential oil;

essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

- at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family, preferably in the form of a maceration, in particular a walnut macerate.

The invention finally relates to the use of a herbicidal composition as described above, as a herbicide, for preventing or treating weed growths and / or for, in parallel, potentially and simultaneously, stimulating growth. desirable plants.

Other advantages of the present invention will also appear on reading the detailed description of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The description which follows as well as the nonlimiting examples will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be carried out. Other advantages of the composition of the invention will also be described in this description.

By "phytosanitary composition" is meant according to the invention a composition containing one or more natural active substances intended to eliminate and prevent the installation of harmful weeds to plants and their growth and / or to exert a stimulating action on the processes vital to plants. In particular, the invention relates to uses for combating weeds or other harmful to the growth of so-called desirable plants compared to plants, weeds, which are not desirable.

By "controlling" is meant preventing infestations of plants with said weeds or weeds and / or eliminating said weeds or weeds.

By “plants” is meant in particular all the plant species cultivated by man, in particular those intended for his food or that of the animal (cereals, fodder crops, vegetables, fruit trees, vines, etc.), and / or the supply of wood from all destinations (heating, construction of housing, furniture, etc.) and / or green spaces (especially lawns) and / or ornamentation. They will also be called desirable plants compared to undesirable or undesirable plants.

By "plant pests" is conventionally meant any species, strain or biotype of plant harmful to plants or plant products.

The herbicidal composition according to the invention is more particularly intended for combating weeds in the broad sense of the term, in particular parasitic weeds or in competition with plants. The herbicidal composition of the invention thus makes it possible to prevent and / or treat diseases, consequences of the fight for water and nutrients, caused by the growth of said weeds which weaken the plant.

Preferably, the herbicidal composition of the invention is used for the treatment, in particular the radical treatment, of weeds or as a weedkiller, in particular total weedkiller.

Indeed, the herbicidal composition of the invention is particularly effective in preventing deficiencies induced by competition with weeds.

In one embodiment, the composition targets weeds which include in particular the adventitious species of the family of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, as well as grasses, cyperaceae, Aegopodium podagraria, Cardamine hirsuta, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium abum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Elymus repens, Equisetum arvense, Hedera hélix, Marchantia polymorpha, Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, Plantago major, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus, Rumex crispus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Stallaria media, Taraxanum officinale, Urtica dioïca, etc. The herbicidal composition of the invention is capable of acting on all of the weeds. In particular, it is able to act on the weeds of the genus weeds listed above which cause damage by competition and can be the cause of symptoms on all the organs of the plant (collar, buttons, leaves / stems and flower head). The use of a herbicidal composition according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate at least one of said symptoms, preferably all of said symptoms, preferably by completely destroying the weed.

A phytosanitary composition generally includes one or more several active substances (ie: exercising at least one of the activities as defined above) as well as co-formulants aimed at improving the effectiveness or the use of said composition.

By “composition of natural origin” is meant that its constituents, that is to say at least the active substances, and preferably also the co-formulants, are of natural origin, that is to say not obtained by chemical synthesis. For example, these constituents can be of plant origin (plants or plant extracts), microorganisms (such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, etc.), bacterial metabolites, etc. Preferably the constituents are of vegetable origin. In fact, most plants are capable of producing molecules to defend themselves from aggression and in particular to defend themselves from weeds. These molecules can therefore be extracted and combined to obtain a synergistic herbicidal effect.

The constituents of plant origin can be in the form of all or part of a plant or in the form of a plant extract. Typically, a plant extract is obtained by pressing, by liquid-liquid extraction or preferably by solid-liquid extraction. Optionally followed by purification steps, solid-liquid extraction is defined as an operation of separation of constituents contained in a solid body by solubilization with a solvent. Thus, plant extracts can be added to the composition, for example in the form of macerate, infusion, decoction, distillate, oil, essential oil, essence, juice, concentrate, etc., this list not being limiting. In particular, the plant extracts are in the form of macerate.

Essential oils and essences are obtained by distillation of plant compounds. Chemically, essences and essential oils are mixtures of various molecules, including in particular terpenes, derivatives of isoprene and oxygenated compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ester).

According to ISO standard 9235 "Aromatic raw materials of natural origin (vocabulary)", an essential oil is defined as a "product obtained from a raw material of plant origin, after separation of the aqueous phase by physical processes : either by steam entrainment, or by mechanical processes, or by distillation (in particular by dry distillation) ". The natural composition of the invention preferably meets the criterion of “natural preparations of little concern” (PNPP) within the meaning of decree n ° 2009-792 of June 23, 2009, relating to the placing on the market of natural preparations of little concern for use. phytopharmaceutical. According to these criteria, a PNPP is produced exclusively from one or more natural elements that are not genetically modified, and is obtained by a process accessible to any end user. The natural elements of such a preparation must also be as such, that is to say untreated, or treated only by manual, mechanical or gravitational means, by dissolution in water, by flotation, by extraction by l water, by steam distillation or by heating only to remove water. The composition of the invention therefore presents limited risks for the environment as well as for human or animal health and is entirely suitable for use in the context of an organic label. Furthermore, the composition of the invention can be obtained from readily available raw materials which can be inexpensive, and some of which can be fairly easily obtained by the end user. Consequently, the cost price of a treatment with the composition of the invention is equivalent, or even slightly higher, than that associated with the use of a chemical phytosanitary product.

In the present application, the terms macerate and maceration are used as synonyms.

Unless otherwise indicated, the proportions indicated as a percentage correspond to volumes per volume (ie a proportion given in liters relative to the total volume of the composition).

Formulation of the composition of the invention:

The herbicide composition of natural origin of the invention comprises the following compounds:

pine terpenes;

eucalyptus essential oil;

- essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the family of juglandaœae.

Such a composition acts both systemically and by contact. It combines different plant extracts to obtain a synergistic herbicidal efficacy through a direct action on weeds and an action aimed at strengthening the defensive system of the attacked plant.

By "pine terpenes" is meant terpene hydrocarbons contained in pine. These terpene hydrocarbons include, among others, a bicyclic monoterpene, pinene (existing in the form of two isomers a-pinene and b-pinene) and / or mixtures of terpene alcohols, such as aterpineol, b-terpineol and y-terpineol.

Pine terpenes can also be used in the composition of the invention in the form of a plant extract containing it. Such extracts are preferably distillates of coniferous conifers, such as for example essential oils or essences. Preferably, such an extract contains at least 35% of pine terpenes, in particular from 35 to 100% of pine terpenes, for example from 35 to 99%, from 40 to 99%, from 50 to 99%, from 60 to 99%, 70 to 99%, 80 to 99% or even 40 to 50% pine terpenes.

Plant extracts of coniferous conifers of the pinaceae family and in particular of conifers of the genus pinus (pine) are preferably used.

By "eucalyptus" is meant a fast-growing tree of the Myrtaceae family whose tough leaves are punctuated with oil glands. By "essential oil of carnation" means an essential oil containing b-Ocimene, E-Ocimene, and / or dihydrotagetone. "Oregano essential oil" means an essential oil of Origanum vulgare, rich in thymol and / or carvacrol.

A typical plant in the juglandaœae family is walnut. The plant extract (s) of the juglandaœae family are preferably one or more walnut extracts. The plant extract (s) of the juglandaœae family are preferably used in the invention in the form of maceration. A walnut maceration is thus preferably used.

The composition of the invention also contains at least one nutritive compound for plants, in particular by the presence of the plant extract from the juglandaœae family. Preferably, the nutritive compound is a trace element and in particular iron. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous, because the composition of the invention thus alone has a double herbicidal and stimulating action. It allows the plant to fight all the more effectively against harmful organisms, such as parasitic fungi, and to resist cryptogamic diseases.

Preferably, the composition of the invention also comprises co-formulants aimed at improving the effectiveness or the use of said composition. Co-formulants can be chosen, for example, from the group consisting of wetting agents, emulsifiers, surfactants, stabilizers, photoprotectors, dyes and preservatives. These different types of co-formulants are well known in the field and a person skilled in the art will be able to select the co-formulants to be added to the composition to obtain the desired effect, in particular the improvement of efficacy or of use of the desired composition.

Preferably, the composition of the invention comprises at least one emulsifier. An emulsifier facilitates the formation of an emulsion between two immiscible liquids (typically water and oil). An emulsifier of the “oil in water” type is preferably used. The emulsifier can be an anionic, cationic, zwitterionic or nonionic emulsifier, preferably of natural origin and in particular of vegetable origin. Examples of emulsifiers include, without limitation, lecithin, soaps, especially made from vegetable oils, saponin. Preferably, a non-ionic "oil in water" emulsifier, typically of plant origin, such as vegetable glycerin (or glycerol) and / or one of its esterified derivatives, is used as emulsifier.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the phytosanitary composition comprises:

- pine terpenes, in particular pine essential oil; eucalyptus essential oil;

essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

- thyme essential oil;

essential oil of at least one citrus fruit, in particular orange essential oil, and preferably sweet orange essential oil;

a nonionic "oil in water" emulsifier of vegetable origin, in particular vegetable glycerin; and a maceration of a plant belonging to the juglandaœae family, and in particular a maceration of walnut.

In certain particular embodiments of the invention, the herbicidal composition does not comprise a plant extract of at least one of the following plants: pyrethrum, garlic, tansy and basil.

In certain embodiments of the invention, the herbicidal composition consists of some of the compounds mentioned above.

In a preferred embodiment, the herbicidal composition of the invention comprises, by volume relative to the total volume of said composition:

- from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, in particular from 3 to 5% of pine terpenes;

from 10 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50%, especially from 35 to 45% of calcium hydroxide;

- from 6 to 12%, preferably from 8 to 10% of at least one emulsifier; from 10 to 40%, preferably from 15 to 35%, especially from 20 to 30% of a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the juglandaœae family.

The following paragraph describes in particular a process for obtaining a macerate of plants from the juglandaœae family. Preferably, the macerate used in the composition of the invention is obtained according to this process.

The invention also relates to a diluted herbicidal composition. Such a diluted herbicidal composition comprises from 0.001 to 99.9% of the herbicidal composition as described above, or obtained according to the method described below, which is diluted in water. Such a diluted composition is particularly used for the treatment of turf, as in "green" spaces such as golf courses, gardens, parks, roads, sports fields, etc. Process for obtaining a composition of the invention:

at. Obtaining a macerate of at least one plant from the juglandaceae family:

The following process makes it possible to obtain a macerate of at least one plant containing the family of juglandaceae, and in particular a macerate of walnut.

In a first step, at least one plant of the juglandaceae family is macerated in a solvent at a concentration ranging from 5 to 20 g per liter (g / l), in particular from 8 to 15, or even from 9 to 1 1 g / l and typically 10 g / l, for a period ranging from 4 to 6 days and in particular for 5 days. The solvent can consist of water, alcohol or glycerin or a mixture thereof in any proportion. Preferably, the solvent contains 80 to 100% water. Preferably, the solvent consists only of water. Additives can be added in a concentration of less than 10%, in particular less than 5%, or even less than 2% by weight of the total weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment, the macerate contains only water and at least one plant from the juglandaceae family, typically walnut.

The macerate is preferably produced at a temperature between 15 and 25 ° C, in particular between 18 and 23 ° C, for example between 20 and 22 ° C.

In a second, subsequent step, the macerate is placed under constant stirring for a period ranging from 10 to 20 days, preferably from 12 to 15 days and in particular for 13 to 14 days.

In a third step subsequent to the second, filtration is carried out, for example by gravity, in order to remove in particular the impurities from the macerate.

In certain embodiments, a non-compulsory fourth step may consist of a microbiological analysis aimed at identifying the possible presence of elements capable of triggering fermentation. If necessary, the composition is sterilized.

The sterilization of the macerate can be carried out by heat treatment (in particular by pasteurization), by ionizing treatment, by ultraviolet treatment or by ultrafiltration with membranes having pores whose size varies from 0.1 to 10 μm. Typically, sterilization is carried out by heat treatment.

In some embodiments, sterilization is performed directly at the end of the filtration step without carrying out a microbiological analysis step.

The macerate obtained after filtration, microbiological analysis or the sterilization step is then stored, preferably in a container (for example an oxygen-tight tank) in order to avoid any oxidation. More preferably, the container is opaque to light.

b. Method for obtaining a herbicidal composition according to the invention

In certain embodiments, the phytosanitary composition of the invention is obtained according to a process comprising the mixture of the following compounds, preferably in this order:

pine terpenes;

eucalyptus essential oil;

essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

- calcium hydroxide;

at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family, preferably in the form of a maceration, preferably a maceration of walnut, said maceration being preferably obtained as described in the process described in point a) ci -above.

The various compounds used in the process for obtaining the composition described above have been defined previously in the section relating to the composition.

In a preferred embodiment, the preparation process is carried out so as to obtain the following proportions in the composition:

- from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, in particular from 3 to 5% of essential oil of carnation;

from 10 to 60%, preferably 20 to 50%, especially from 35 to 45% calcium hydroxide;

Use of a phytosanitary composition of the invention:

The present invention also relates to the use of a composition as described in the present application for controlling parasitic weeds of plant growth. The invention therefore relates to the use of a composition as described above, or obtained according to the process described above, as a herbicide, for preventing or treating weed growths and / or for stimulating the growth of desirable plants. This use eliminates weeds and the growth problems they induce on plants.

The weeds and the deficiencies which they induce which are preferably targeted by the herbicidal composition of the invention have been described previously. In particular, the weeds to be treated are chosen from the group formed by the family of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, grasses, cyperaceae, Aegopodium podagraria, Cardamine hirsuta, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium abum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis , Elymus repens, Equisetum arvense, Hedera helix, Marchantia polymorpha, Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, Plantago major, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus, Rumex crispus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Stallaria media, Taraxanum officinale and Urtica dioïca.

The composition of the invention can further be used to stimulate plant growth.

According to the embodiments, the herbicidal composition of the invention can be used pure or diluted in a volume of water in proportions (v / v) ranging from 0.001 to 99.9%. Such a dilution can be advantageous for the treatment of large areas, for example for the treatment of lawns, beds. For example, the composition can be used diluted in proportions of 0.001 to 99.9%, in particular from 0.001 to 80%, from 0.001 to 50%, from 0.001 to 30%, from 0.001 to 20%, from 0.001 to 10% , preferably from 0.002 to 5% and in particular from 0.01 to 2%. The dilution will be adapted to the type of plant to be treated as well as to the total surface of treatment. As demonstrated below, such a composition, in particular in its diluted form, is particularly effective for the elimination of weeds, such as those of the family of equisetum arvense or horsetail, and those of the plantaginaceae family, in particular plantain , especially the great plantain or Plantago Major. Also, in one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is used to treat weeds chosen from the group consisting of those of the family of equisetum arvense or horsetail, and those of the plantaginaceae family, in particular plantain, especially the great plantain or Plantago Major.

A non-limiting embodiment of the invention is described in the examples section below.

EXAMPLES

1) An innovative plant herbicide (or phytosanitary composition) was obtained according to the process described below.

Preparation of a walnut maceration:

In 1 volume of 100 I of water at a temperature of 20 ° C, add 1 kg of walnut leaves which are left to macerate for 5 days, from the 6th day, a gentle stirring is carried out in the tank for 1 h which is maintained daily for 2 weeks.

On the 15th day, the composition is filtered in order to remove all of the impurities, then a microbiological analysis is carried out to identify the elements likely to trigger fermentation. The composition is then pasteurized or treated with ultraviolet (UV).

The product obtained is then stored in an oxygen-tight tank to prevent any oxidation of the product.

Preparation of the phytosanitary composition:

In a tank, the following compounds are mixed in the order listed, to make up 100 I of herbicide:

- 3 liters of pine terpenes;

3 liters of eucalyptus essential oil;

3 liters of essential carnation oil;

3 liters of oregano essential oil;

40 liters of calcium hydroxide; 9 liters of so-called 80 emulsifier;

20 liters of walnut maceration;

19 liters of water.

The preparation is carried out with vigorous and constant stirring, at a temperature between 15 and 20 ° C in order to facilitate the mixing of the different compounds.

2) The phytosanitary composition obtained according to this process is a plant herbicide whose effectiveness has in particular been demonstrated on the treatment of weeds of the family of equisetum arvense or horsetail present in abundance on a roundabout. In this experiment, 20 to 40 liters of product were diluted in 400 liters of water (concentration equivalent to 5 to 10%) for an area of one hectare. Three (3) passes were made in one year (approximately every two months of the weed season). A reduction of weeds was observed from the ^3rd day after each pass, and total elimination was observed in one to two weeks after each pass.

3) The effect of the herbicidal composition has also been demonstrated on Grand Plantain or Plantago major, a perennial herbaceous plant of the plantaginaceae family. The test was carried out on a 500 m ^{2 surface area} covered with gravel. The effects of the product of the invention were observed the day after the treatment to continue over several days (seven at most) to arrive at the total elimination of the weeds. The proportion was 20 to 40 liters of product per 400 liters of water, for an equivalent surface of one hectare.

It has been shown that to obtain a similar result, it is necessary to use significant doses of very aggressive chemical herbicide products such as ROUND UP ™, herbicide whose active substance is glyphosate and marketed by Monsanto, one of its generics or another commercial herbicide product that does not contain synthetic components (and labeled "organic").

Of course, the different characteristics, variants and embodiments of the invention can be combined with one another in various combinations insofar as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive of each other.

Claims

1. Herbicide composition of natural origin, characterized in that it comprises:

pine terpenes;

eucalyptus essential oil;

essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract from at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family.

2. Herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant extract of at least one plant from the juglandaceae family is a walnut extract.

3. Herbicidal composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant extract of at least one plant from the juglandaceae family is in the form of a maceration.

4. Herbicidal composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the essential oil of eucalyptus is an essential oil of globular eucalyptus or of radiated eucalyptus.

5. Herbicidal composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one emulsifier is a non-ionic "oil in water" emulsifier of plant origin, and in particular vegetable glycerin.

6. Herbicidal composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, by volume relative to the total volume of said composition:

from 2 to 10%, preferably from 2.5 to 5.5%, especially from 3 to 5% essential oil of oregano;

from 6 to 12%, preferably from 8 to 10% of at least one emulsifier; - from 10 to 40%, preferably from 15 to 35%, in particular from 20 to 30% of a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the family of juglandaceae.

7. Process for the preparation of a herbicide composition of natural origin, comprising the mixture of the following compounds:

- pine terpenes;

eucalyptus essential oil;

essential oil of carnation;

essential oil of oregano;

calcium hydroxide;

- at least one emulsifier;

a plant extract of at least one plant belonging to the juglandaceae family, preferably in the form of a maceration, preferably a maceration of walnut.

8. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or obtained according to the process which is the subject of claim 7, as a herbicide, for preventing or treating weed growths and / or for stimulating the growth of desirable plants.

9. Use of a composition according to claim 8, for treating weeds chosen from the group consisting of the family of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, grasses, cyperaceae,

Aegopodium podagraria, Cardamine hirsuta, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium abum, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Elymus repens, Equisetum arvense, Hedera helix, Marchantia polymorpha, Oxalis corniculata var. atropurpurea, Plantago major, Ranunculus repens, Rubus fruticosus, Rumex crispus, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Stallaria media, Taraxanum officinale and Urtica dioïca.

10. Use of a composition according to claim 8 or 9, for treating weeds chosen from the group consisting of those of the family of equisetum arvense or field horsetail, and those of the plantaginaceae family, especially plantain, in particular the great plantain or Plantago Major.