EP3575693A1 - Four électrique et procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Four électrique et procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3575693A1
EP3575693A1 EP19177549.3A EP19177549A EP3575693A1 EP 3575693 A1 EP3575693 A1 EP 3575693A1 EP 19177549 A EP19177549 A EP 19177549A EP 3575693 A1 EP3575693 A1 EP 3575693A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooking
oven
electric
supplied
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19177549.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3575693B1 (fr
Inventor
Mirko GALLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smeg SpA
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Smeg SpA
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Publication date
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Priority to PL19177549T priority Critical patent/PL3575693T3/pl
Priority to SI201930137T priority patent/SI3575693T1/sl
Publication of EP3575693A1 publication Critical patent/EP3575693A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3575693B1 publication Critical patent/EP3575693B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/087—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of electric circuits regulating heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/082—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges, e.g. control panels, illumination
    • F24C7/085—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges, e.g. control panels, illumination on baking ovens

Definitions

  • the technical field of application of the present invention relates to ovens, preferably domestic ovens, for the cooking of foods. More specifically, the technical field of the present invention relates to "electromechanically controlled" electrical supplied ovens, i.e. ovens provided with a cooking chamber or cavity in the walls of which electric resistances are embedded. As is known, once supplied by electric current, such resistances heat up and give off heat in the cooking cavity.
  • the term "oven” is understood to mean both built-in ovens and non-built-in ovens, i.e. free standing cookers, which are usually provided with an upper gas or induction cooking plane.
  • ovens for domestic use are commonplace.
  • such ovens comprise a cooking cavity or chamber delimited by a plurality of fixed walls and by a movable door, which selectively allows access to the cooking chamber, for the loading or removal of food and isolation of the cooking chamber, to create the correct cooking conditions.
  • Every electrical supplied oven comprises an electric heating circuit provided with a plurality of resistances placed outside the cooking chamber, close to the walls thereof or embedded in the same. When supplied by electric current the resistances heat up and transfer heat to the food housed inside the cooking chamber.
  • electrical supplied ovens also usually comprise a cooling circuit, for example, a cooling circuit provided with a fan.
  • Such cooling circuit has the object of avoiding the excessive heating of the outer walls of the oven, whether it is built-in, to avoid damaging the recess, or not built-in, to prevent a user from touching the walls of the oven and burning himself/herself.
  • Heating and cooling circuits are operable by users according to pre-set cooking programs and selectable as desired by special commands. A different actuation of the heating and cooling circuits corresponds to each cooking program.
  • such heating and cooling circuits comprise switches or commutators, thermostats and timers capable of modifying the heating and cooling modes by isolating or supplying one or more electric resistances.
  • the present invention deals with the problem concerning how to reduce the required energy consumption and thus how to comprise at least a special cooking program for operating the oven, which has the object of requiring reduced energy with respect to the remaining programs already currently available.
  • a special cooking program for operating the oven which has the object of requiring reduced energy with respect to the remaining programs already currently available.
  • ECO definable in such sense "ECO" program
  • Potential greater duration in terms of time of such cooking program is widely compensated by the beneficial energy saving effect.
  • the increase in terms of time of such "ECO" cooking program in absolute values is absolutely sustainable and acceptable.
  • E s E L + E W
  • E s E L + E W
  • E s E L + E W
  • E s the total input energy supplied
  • E L indicates the energy transferred to the food (energy supplied to the load)
  • E W indicates the energy wasted. Since for the purposes of heating the food for a determined cooking time, the value E L is not modifiable, the only way of reducing E s is by reducing the value of E W .
  • Q ⁇ W can, in turn, be expressed as the multiplication of three factors, i.e. ⁇ T, the logarithmic average of the difference in temperature between the cooking chamber and the surrounding environment, which absorbs the wasted energy, K , the thermal transfer coefficient, and S , a surface through which the thermal exchange takes place.
  • ⁇ T the logarithmic average of the difference in temperature between the cooking chamber and the surrounding environment, which absorbs the wasted energy
  • K the thermal transfer coefficient
  • S a surface through which the thermal exchange takes place.
  • the present invention relates to an electrical supplied oven comprising:
  • control unit is configured to execute a first cooking program, definable as ECO program since it has the object of minimizing the waste of generated thermal energy, wherein only the first and the second resistance of the electric heating circuit are supplied and the first switch is in a configuration for coupling each other in series the first and the second electric resistance.
  • the power delivered by the heating circuit is far less than the power, which would be generated in the configuration, in which the first and the second resistance are in parallel.
  • Such reduced power is physically concretized in a smaller logarithmic average of the difference in temperature between the cooking chamber on heating and the surrounding environment.
  • the heating occurs more slowly (with reduced power)
  • the difference in temperature between the cooking chamber and the surrounding environment is always contained, minimizing the factor ⁇ T of the following formula, which describes the thermal energy wasted.
  • E W K ⁇ S ⁇ ⁇ T ⁇ t L
  • the single absolute values of the first and second resistance are dimensioned so that in the configuration in parallel, they do not exceed the maximum power sustainable by domestic users (usually 3KW), while in the configuration in series, they offer a minimum power, which is nonetheless sufficient to reach the desired cooking.
  • the oven further comprises an electric cooling circuit comprising a fan configured to cool the environment outside the cooking chamber.
  • a fan configured to cool the environment outside the cooking chamber.
  • the cooling circuit comprises a first and a second branch for supplying the fan and a second switch configured for selectively activating the first or the second branch.
  • the second branch is provided with a thermostat for controlling the activation of the fan only when a determined temperature threshold value has been reached.
  • the second switch is in a configuration so that the fan is supplied by the second branch of the cooling circuit and thus it is activated with a delay with respect to the start-up of the first cooking program and only when a temperature threshold value is reached in the cooking cavity.
  • the delayed start-up of the fan of the cooling circuit in conjunction with the delivery of energy terminates with low power, reached with the switching in series of the first and the second resistance, allows a reduction in the K* ⁇ T ratio and consequently a reduction in the amount of energy wasted.
  • a comparative numerical analysis will also be described between the execution (with the same oven and conditions) of the innovative first ECO program and another traditional cooking program.
  • the second branch of the cooling circuit can further comprise a motor resistance in order to reduce the power available for the fan.
  • figure 1 shows a schematic view of an oven 1 substantially limited to just the cooking chamber or cavity 2.
  • food schematized with reference 25
  • the oven 1 is of the electric type, i.e. electric current is required to heat the food.
  • the current is passed in an electric heating circuit provided with a plurality of electric resistances.
  • the electric resistances heat up as the current passes and such heat is transferred to the cooking chamber in order to heat the food 25.
  • only part of the electricity converted into heat by the resistances is transferred to the food 25 being cooked. In fact, there is always a part of the heat, which is transferred to the surrounding environment instead of being transferred to the food 25.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the invention, i.e. an electric diagram, comprising a heating circuit 3, provided with a plurality of electric resistances 4-7 configured to heat the cooking chamber 2, and a cooling circuit 19 provided with a fan to cool the outer walls of the oven and/or the reception cavity walls of the cooking chamber 2.
  • the heating circuit 3 comprises a first 4, a second 5, a third 6 and a fourth resistance 7 respectively, which can be classified as sky resistance 4, circular resistance 5, grill resistance 6 and sole resistance 7. Both the configuration and the arrangement of such resistances are known to those skilled in the art and therefore such features will not be further described.
  • the heating circuit 3 further comprises a plurality of switches 9-15 configured to selectively isolate one or the other resistance according to a plurality of pre-set cooking programs, selectable by the user.
  • the table in figure 3 shows such plurality of cooking programs (A-I) wherein, a precise sequence of open or closed switches corresponds to each program.
  • the switches indicated with X in the execution of the relative cooking program are understood to be closed and consequently allow the passage of electric current.
  • the heating circuit 3 comprises a first switch 16 configured for selectively placing the first 4 and the second resistance 5 between them, in series (when the switch 16 is closed), or in parallel.
  • such switch 16 is, in fact, only closed during the execution of the innovative ECO program of the present invention (program F in table in figure 3 ). Furthermore, during the execution of such program F, the other switches are controlled so as not to supply the remaining resistances. The effect of the execution of the program F is thus to bring the first 4 and the second resistance 5 in series, so as to generate on heating at low power, i.e. with reduced power with respect to the configuration with the first 4 and the second resistance 5 in parallel. In all the remaining cooking programs, the first 4 and the second resistance 5 are in parallel. For the sake of completeness, other components represented with references 29-34 are visible in the heating circuit 3 in figure 2 .
  • Such references refer to a fan 29 for ventilated cooking, a safety thermostat 30, an oven thermostat 31, an oven light 32, a warning light 33 and a programmable timer 34 respectively. Both the configuration and the arrangement of such components are known to experts skilled in the art and therefore, such features will not be further described.
  • the electric diagram in figure 2 further comprises a cooling circuit 19 provided with a fan 20.
  • the cooling circuit 19 comprises two branches for supplying the fan, a first 21 and a second branch 22 respectively.
  • a special switch 17 is present, which supplies the fan 20, when open, from the second branch 22.
  • the switch 17 is only open during the execution of the innovative ECO program indicated with F.
  • the fan 20 is supplied along the branch 22, upstream of the fan, which comprises a thermostat 23 configured to delay the activation of the fan 20 until reaching a temperature threshold value. Without entering into the issue of the possible numerical value of such threshold and where the measurement point is located, certainly during the first steps of execution of the cooking program F, the fan is not in operation.
  • the second branch 22 is provided with a motor resistance 24 so as to reduce the actuation power of the fan.
  • such delayed start-up of the cooling circuit allows a reduction in the transfer coefficient factor.
  • figures 4 and 5 show comparative tables of the energy consumption according to the standard EN60350-1 on the same oven sample in two different cooking programs; the ECO program indicated with F in figure 3 and the Ring program indicated with I in figure 3 respectively.
  • This comparative test shows that with the same EL (energy transferred to the load), the quantity ES (energy supplied to the appliance and thus wasted) is reduced by 20% (from 840Wh to 679Wh) even though the duration of the test has been extended from 44 to 56 minutes.
  • the dimensioning of the first and second resistance must take into account the fact that in the configuration in parallel, the maximum power sustainable by domestic users is not exceeded (usually 3KW), while in the configuration in series, a minimum power is offered, which is nonetheless sufficient for reaching the desired cooking.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP19177549.3A 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Four électrique et procédé de fonctionnement Active EP3575693B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL19177549T PL3575693T3 (pl) 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Piekarnik elektryczny i sposób działania takiego piekarnika
SI201930137T SI3575693T1 (sl) 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Električna pečica in način delovanja take pečice

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102018000005863A IT201800005863A1 (it) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Forno ad alimentazione elettrica e metodo di funzionamento di tale forno

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3575693A1 true EP3575693A1 (fr) 2019-12-04
EP3575693B1 EP3575693B1 (fr) 2021-09-15

Family

ID=63244905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19177549.3A Active EP3575693B1 (fr) 2018-05-30 2019-05-30 Four électrique et procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3575693B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2898944T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT201800005863A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3575693T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI3575693T1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB419892A (en) * 1933-03-08 1934-11-21 Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag Improvements in and relating to electrically heated apparatus
US2107173A (en) * 1937-02-19 1938-02-01 Tappan Stove Co Electric range and control system therefor
DE813739C (de) * 1948-10-02 1951-09-17 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Elektrisches Haushaltgeraet
DE2646034A1 (de) * 1976-10-12 1978-04-13 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Backofen
US4535226A (en) * 1982-01-04 1985-08-13 De Dietrich & Cie Domestic electric cooking oven
EP0161161A1 (fr) * 1984-04-11 1985-11-13 Compagnie Europeenne Pour L'equipement Menager "Cepem" Enceinte de cuisson à énergie électrique
GB2241615A (en) * 1990-02-23 1991-09-04 Brother Ind Ltd Heater change-over switch for an electric oven
DE4243947A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-06-30 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Anordnung zur Reinigung eines Backofens
DE102014201427A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Garofenvorrichtung

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB419892A (en) * 1933-03-08 1934-11-21 Rhein Westfael Elect Werk Ag Improvements in and relating to electrically heated apparatus
US2107173A (en) * 1937-02-19 1938-02-01 Tappan Stove Co Electric range and control system therefor
DE813739C (de) * 1948-10-02 1951-09-17 Voigt & Haeffner Ag Elektrisches Haushaltgeraet
DE2646034A1 (de) * 1976-10-12 1978-04-13 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Backofen
US4535226A (en) * 1982-01-04 1985-08-13 De Dietrich & Cie Domestic electric cooking oven
EP0161161A1 (fr) * 1984-04-11 1985-11-13 Compagnie Europeenne Pour L'equipement Menager "Cepem" Enceinte de cuisson à énergie électrique
GB2241615A (en) * 1990-02-23 1991-09-04 Brother Ind Ltd Heater change-over switch for an electric oven
DE4243947A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-06-30 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Anordnung zur Reinigung eines Backofens
DE102014201427A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Garofenvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2898944T3 (es) 2022-03-09
PL3575693T3 (pl) 2022-01-24
EP3575693B1 (fr) 2021-09-15
SI3575693T1 (sl) 2022-01-31
IT201800005863A1 (it) 2019-11-30

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