EP3317546B1 - Fluidic component - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fluidic component according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a cleaning device which comprises such a fluidic component. The fluidic component is provided for generating a moving fluid jet. Exemplary fluidic components are, for example, from US 2013/240644 A1 , EP 1 472 966 A2 , US 2007/295840 A1 and US 2004/251315 A1 known.

For generating a fluid jet at high speed or high impulse, nozzles are known from the prior art which are designed to apply a pressure to the fluid jet which is higher than the ambient pressure. The fluid is accelerated and / or directed or bundled by means of the nozzle. In order to generate a movement of a fluid jet, the nozzle is usually moved by means of a device. In order to generate a movable fluid jet, an additional device is required in addition to the nozzle. This additional device includes moving components that can easily wear out. The costs associated with production and maintenance are correspondingly high. Another disadvantage is that, due to the movable components, a relatively large overall space is required.

Fluidic components are also known for generating a movable fluid flow (or fluid jet). The fluidic components do not include any movable components that are used to generate a movable fluid flow. As a result, compared to the nozzles mentioned at the beginning, they do not have the disadvantages resulting from the movable components. However, with the known fluidic components within the fluidic components, a strong pressure gradient occurs regularly, so that cavitation, i.e. the formation of cavities (bubbles), can occur when a liquid fluid flow flows through the fluidic components. This can massively reduce the service life of the components or cause the fluidic components to fail. The known fluidic components are also more suitable for wetting surfaces than for generating a fluid jet at high speed or with high momentum. For example, a fluid flow emerging from a known fluidic component has the spray characteristics of a flat jet nozzle which generates a finely atomized jet.

The present invention is based on the object of creating a fluidic component that is designed to provide a moving fluid jet at high speed or high pressure, the fluidic component having a high level of failure safety and correspondingly lower maintenance costs.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a fluidic component having the features of claim 1. Refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

According to this, the fluidic component comprises a flow chamber through which a fluid flow can flow. The fluid flow can be a liquid flow or a gas flow. The flow chamber comprises an inlet opening and an outlet opening through which the fluid flow enters the flow chamber or exits the flow chamber again. The fluidic component further comprises at least one means for the targeted change of direction of the fluid flow at the outlet opening, the means being designed in particular to form a spatial oscillation of the fluid flow at the outlet opening. The flow chamber has a main flow channel which connects the inlet opening and the outlet opening to one another, and at least one secondary flow channel as the at least one means for the targeted change in direction of the fluid flow at the outlet opening.

The fluidic component is characterized in that the inlet opening has a larger cross-sectional area than the outlet opening or that the inlet opening and the outlet opening have the same cross-sectional area. Here, the cross-sectional areas of the inlet opening and the outlet opening are to be understood to mean the smallest cross-sectional areas of the fluidic component that the fluid flow passes when it enters the flow chamber or exits the flow chamber again.

This ensures that a spatially (and temporally) oscillating fluid jet emerges from the fluidic component, which jet has a high speed or a high impulse. The exiting fluid jet is also compact, which means that the fluid jet only fanned out or bursts spatially late (far downstream) and not directly at the outlet opening.

Movable components for generating an oscillating beam can be dispensed with in the arrangement according to the invention, so that costs and expenditures caused by this do not arise. In addition, by dispensing with moving components, the development of vibration and noise in the fluidic component according to the invention is relatively low.

The occurrence of cavitation within the fluidic component (and the disadvantages resulting therefrom) is also avoided by the inventive choice of the size ratio of inlet opening to outlet opening. Contrary to the prevailing opinion, the formation of the oscillating fluid jet is not impaired by the fact that the outlet opening has a smaller cross-sectional area than the inlet opening.

The spatially oscillating fluid jet which emerges from the fluidic component according to the invention has a high removal and cleaning capacity due to its compactness and high speed when it is directed onto a surface. The fluidic component according to the invention can therefore be used, for example, in cleaning technology. The fluidic component according to the invention is also of interest for mixing technology (in which two or more different fluids are to be mixed with one another) and production technology (for example water jet cutting). For example, the effectiveness of water jet cutting can be increased with a pulsating fluid jet emerging from the fluidic component according to the invention.

In principle, the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening can be the same size as or larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening. The size ratio can be selected depending on the desired characteristics (speed or pulse, compactness, oscillation frequency) of the emerging beam. However, other parameters, such as the size (for example the volume and / or the component depth, component width, component length) of the fluidic component, the shape of the fluidic component, the type of fluid (gas, liquid with low viscosity, liquid with high Viscosity), the size of the pressure with which the fluid flow enters the fluidic component, the input speed of the fluid and the volume flow influence the choice of the size ratio. The oscillation frequency can be between 0.5 Hz and 30 kHz. A preferred frequency range is between 3 Hz and 400 Hz. The inlet pressure can be between 0.01 bar and 6000 bar above ambient pressure. For some applications (so-called) low pressure applications, such as washing machines or dishwashers, the inlet pressure is typically between 0.01 bar and 12 bar above the ambient pressure. For other applications (so-called high pressure applications), such as cleaning (of vehicles, semi-finished products, machines or stables) or the mixing of two different fluids, the inlet pressure is typically between 5 bar and 300 bar.

According to a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening can be larger by a factor of up to 2.5 than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening can be a factor of up to 1.5 larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening.

In addition, the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening can have any shape, such as square, rectangular, polygonal, round, oval, etc., for example. The same applies to the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening. The shape of the inlet opening can correspond to the shape of the outlet opening or differ from the latter. A round cross-sectional area of the outlet opening can be selected, for example, in order to generate a particularly compact / bundled fluid jet. Such a fluid jet can be used in particular in high-pressure cleaning technology or in water jet cutting.

According to one embodiment, both the inlet opening and the outlet opening have a rectangular cross section. The inlet opening can have a greater width than the outlet opening.

The width of the inlet and outlet opening is defined in relation to the geometry of the fluidic component. The fluidic component can, for example, be essentially cuboid and accordingly have a component length, a component width and a component depth, the component length determining the distance between the inlet opening and the outlet opening and the component width and the component depth being defined perpendicular to each other and to the component length and where the component width is greater than the component depth. The component length thus extends essentially parallel to the main direction of propagation of the fluid flow, which is intended to move from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. If the inlet and outlet openings lie on an axis that extends parallel to the component length, the distance between the inlet and outlet openings corresponds to the component length. If the inlet and outlet openings are arranged offset from one another, said opening extends If the axis is at an angle not equal to 0 ° to the component length, the component length and the offset of the inlet and outlet openings determine the distance between the inlet and outlet openings along the axis. In the case of an essentially cuboid fluidic component, the ratio of component length to component width can be 1/3 to 5. The ratio is preferably in the range from 1/1 to 4/1. The component width can be in the range between 0.15 mm and 2.5 m. In a preferred embodiment, the component width is between 1.5 mm and 200 mm. The dimensions mentioned depend in particular on the application for which the fluidic component is to be used.

The aforementioned width of the inlet and outlet opening extends, by definition, parallel to the component width. According to one embodiment, a substantially cuboid fluidic component can have a rectangular outlet opening with a width that corresponds to 1/3 to 1/50 of the component width, and a rectangular inlet opening with a width that corresponds to 1/3 to 1/20 of the component width. According to a preferred embodiment, the width of the outlet opening can correspond to 1/5 to 1/15 of the component width and the width of the inlet opening 1/5 to 1/10 of the component width. The ratio of the component depth to the width of the inlet opening can be 1/20 to 5. This ratio is also known as the aspect ratio. A preferred aspect ratio is between 1/6 and 2. The size ratios mentioned also depend in particular on the application for which the fluidic component is to be used.

According to a further embodiment, the fluidic component has a component depth that is constant over the entire component length. Alternatively, the component depth can decrease (steadily (with or without constant increase) or abruptly) from the inlet opening towards the outlet opening. Due to the decreasing component depth, the fluid jet is pre-bundled within the fluidic component, so that a compact fluid jet emerges from the fluidic component. A widening or bursting of the fluid jet can thus be delayed and thus does not take place directly at the outlet opening, but only further downstream. This measure is advantageous, for example, in cleaning technology or in water jet technology. According to a further alternative, the component depth can increase from the inlet opening to the outlet opening, the component width decreasing such that the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening.

The flow chamber has at least one secondary flow channel as a means for the targeted change in direction of the fluid flow at the outlet opening. The secondary flow channel can be flowed through by part of the fluid flow, the secondary flow. The part of the fluid flow which does not enter the secondary flow channel but exits the fluidic component is referred to as the main flow. The at least one bypass duct can have an inlet that is located in the vicinity of the outlet opening and an outlet that is located in the vicinity of the inlet opening. The at least one secondary flow channel can be arranged next to (not behind or in front of) the main flow channel when viewed in the fluid flow direction (from the inlet opening to the outlet opening). In particular, two secondary flow channels can be provided which (viewed in the main flow direction) extend laterally next to the main flow channel, the main flow channel being arranged between the two secondary flow channels. According to a preferred embodiment, the secondary flow channels and the main flow channel are arranged in a row along the width of the component and each extend along the length of the component. Alternatively, the secondary flow ducts and the main flow duct can be arranged in a row along the component depth and each extend along the component length.

The at least one secondary flow channel is preferably separated from the main flow channel by a block. This block can have different shapes. Thus, the cross section of the block can taper in the direction of the fluid flow (from the inlet opening to the outlet opening). Alternatively, the cross section of the block can taper or increase in the middle between its end facing the inlet opening and its end facing the outlet opening. It is also possible to enlarge the cross section of the block as the distance from the inlet opening increases. In addition, the block can have rounded edges. Sharp edges can be provided on the block in particular in the vicinity of the inlet opening and / or the outlet opening.

According to one embodiment, the at least one secondary flow channel can have a greater or smaller depth than the main flow channel. In this way, the oscillation frequency of the exiting fluid jet can also be influenced. By reducing the component depth in the area of the at least one secondary flow channel (compared to the main flow channel), the oscillation frequency drops if the other parameters remain essentially unchanged. The oscillation frequency increases accordingly if the component depth in the area of the at least one secondary flow channel is increased (compared to the main flow channel) and the other parameters remain essentially unchanged.

Another possibility of influencing the oscillation frequency of the exiting fluid jet can be created by at least one separator which is preferably provided at the entrance of the at least one bypass channel. The separator supports the separation of the secondary flow from the fluid flow. A separator is to be understood as an element projecting into the flow chamber (transversely to the flow direction prevailing in the bypass duct) at the inlet of the at least one bypass duct. The separator can be provided as a deformation (in particular an indentation) of the secondary flow duct wall or as a projection formed in some other way. Thus, the separator (circle) can be conical or pyramidal. The use of such a separator makes it possible not only to influence the oscillation frequency but also to vary the so-called oscillation angle. The angle of oscillation is the angle that the oscillating fluid jet sweeps (between its two maximum deflections). If several secondary flow channels are provided, a separator can be provided for each of the secondary flow channels or only for some of the secondary flow channels.

According to one embodiment, an outlet channel can be provided directly upstream of the outlet opening. The outlet channel can have a cross-sectional shape which is constant over the entire length of the outlet channel and which corresponds to the shape of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening (square, rectangular, polygonal, round, etc.). Alternatively, the shape of the cross-sectional area of the outlet channel can change over the length of the outlet channel. The size of the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening can remain constant (that is then also the size of the outlet opening) or change. In particular, the size of the cross-sectional area of the outlet channel in the fluid flow direction from the inlet opening to the outlet opening can be reduced. According to a further alternative, the shape and / or size of the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel can change from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. In particular, the shape of the cross-sectional area (of the outlet channel or of the main flow channel) can change from rectangular to round (in the fluid flow direction from the inlet opening to the outlet opening). As a result, the fluid jet can already be pre-bundled in the fluidic component, so that the compactness of the exiting fluid jet can be increased. Furthermore, the size of the cross-sectional area of the outlet channel can change, in particular decrease in the fluid flow direction from the inlet opening to the outlet opening.

The shape of the outlet channel influences the angle of oscillation of the exiting fluid jet and can be selected so that a desired angle of oscillation is established. In addition to the aforementioned constant or variable Cross-sectional shape of the outlet channel, the outlet channel can be designed as a further feature to be straight or curved.

The parameters of the fluidic component (shape, size, number and shape of the secondary flow channels, (relative) size of the inlet and outlet opening) can be set in a variety of ways. These parameters are preferably selected in such a way that the pressure with which the fluid flow is acted upon and enters the fluidic component via the inlet opening is substantially reduced at the outlet opening. A slight pressure reduction that occurs at the outlet opening can already take place in the fluidic component (upstream of the outlet opening).

According to a further embodiment, the fluidic component has two or more outlet openings. These outlet openings can be formed by arranging a flow divider immediately upstream of the outlet openings. The flow divider is a means for splitting the fluid flow into two or more sub-flows. In order to achieve the aforementioned effects of the fluidic component according to the invention with only one outlet opening also in the embodiment with two or more outlet openings, each outlet opening can each have a smaller cross-sectional area than the inlet opening or all outlet openings and the inlet opening can each have an equally large cross-sectional area. Alternatively, only one of the two / more outlet openings can also have a smaller / equal cross-sectional area than / like the inlet opening. A fluidic component with two or more outlet openings is suitable for generating two or more fluid jets which emerge from the fluidic component in a pulsating manner over time. A (minimal) local oscillation can occur within a pulse.

The flow divider can have different shapes, but they all have in common that they widen downstream in the plane in which the exiting fluid jet oscillates and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fluidic component. The flow divider can be arranged in the outlet channel (if present). In addition, the flow divider can extend deeper into the fluidic component, for example into the main flow channel. The flow divider can be arranged symmetrically (with respect to an axis that extends parallel to the component length) in such a way that the outlet openings are identical in shape and size. However, other positions are also possible, which can be selected as a function of the desired pulse characteristics of the exiting fluid jets.

According to a further embodiment, the fluidic component comprises a fluid flow guide which is arranged downstream in connection with the outlet opening. The fluid flow guide is essentially tubular (for example with a constant large cross-sectional area and constant cross-sectional area shape) and is movable by the fluid flow changing its direction. The cross-sectional area of the fluid flow guide can correspond to the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening. The movement of the fluid flow guide has no influence on the direction of the exiting fluid flow. The fluid flow guide merely represents a means (passive component) for the additional bundling of the oscillating exiting fluid jet. The fluid flow bundled in this way fans out or bursts further downstream than a fluid flow emerging from a fluid component without fluid flow guide. This property can be particularly desirable in cleaning technology.

In order not to influence the exiting, oscillating fluid jet, a bearing can be provided, for example, via which the fluid flow guide is movably attached to the outlet opening. Different joint designs are known from practice, which can be used in principle. For example, a ball joint or a solid body joint is possible. Alternatively, the fluid flow guide and / or the mounting can be made of an elastic material.

The cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the fluid flow guide can also be implemented differently. The outlet opening of the fluid flow guide is the opening from which the fluid flow exits from the fluid flow guide (and thus from the fluidic component). Shapes for the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the fluid flow guide, which were described in connection with the outlet opening of the fluidic component without a fluid flow guide, are thus possible. The shape of the cross-sectional area of the fluid flow guide can also change over the length of the fluid flow guide. Thus, a rectangular cross-sectional area can be provided in the area of the bearing (that is to say at the inlet of the fluid flow guide), which merges into a round cross-sectional area downstream.

According to a further embodiment, the fluidic component has an outlet widening which adjoins the outlet opening downstream of the outlet opening. In particular, the outlet widening connects directly (directly) to the outlet opening downstream of the outlet opening. The outlet widening can, for example, be funnel-shaped. In particular, the outlet widening can have a cross-sectional area (perpendicular to the fluid flow direction) have, the size of which increases from the outlet opening downstream. The outlet opening can form the point with the smallest cross-sectional area between the flow chamber and the outlet widening.

The outlet widening can serve to bundle a fluid jet which experiences a high pressure reduction at the outlet opening and thus bursts open at the outlet opening. The outlet widening can thus (at least partially) counteract the bursting of the fluid jet. By bundling the fluid jet, an increase in the removal or cleaning performance of the fluidic component can be achieved.

According to one embodiment, the outlet widening can have a width which increases (steadily) downstream from the outlet opening. The width is that extension of the outlet widening that lies in the plane in which the exiting fluid flow oscillates. The depth of the outlet expansion can be constant. The depth of the outlet widening is that extension of the outlet widening which is directed substantially perpendicular to the plane in which the exiting fluid flow oscillates. Depending on the field of application of the fluidic component, the depth of the outlet widening can increase or decrease downstream (compared to the component depth that is present at the outlet opening). A further focusing of the exiting fluid jet can be achieved by reducing the component depth in the area of the outlet widening in a downstream direction.

According to one embodiment, the outlet widening can be delimited by a wall which encloses an angle in the plane in which the exiting fluid jet oscillates within an oscillation angle, the angle of the outlet widening by 0 ° to 15 °, preferably by 0 ° to 10 °, is larger than the oscillation angle. The outlet widening thus does not affect the size of the oscillation angle, but only the bursting of the exiting fluid jet. This angular size is useful, for example, for fluidic components that produce a uniform distribution of the fluid on the surface to be sprayed without widening the outlet. The angle of the outlet widening can also be selected to be smaller than the oscillation angle, for example if the fluidic component without the outlet widening produces an uneven distribution of the fluid on the surface to be sprayed or if the oscillation angle is to be reduced.

An outlet channel can be provided upstream of the outlet opening, the delimiting walls of which enclose an angle in the plane in which the exiting fluid jet oscillates, wherein the angle of the outlet channel can be greater than the oscillation angle and also greater than the angle of the outlet widening. The angle of the The outlet channel is preferably at least 1.1 times larger than the angle of the outlet widening. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the angle of the outlet channel lies in a range which extends from 1.1 times the angle of the outlet expansion to 3.5 times the angle of the outlet expansion.

The invention also relates to an injection system and a cleaning device, each of which includes the fluidic component according to the invention. The injection system is provided for injecting a fuel into an internal combustion engine, such as an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine, which is used, for example, in motor vehicles. The cleaning device is in particular a dishwasher, a washing machine, an industrial cleaning system or a high-pressure cleaner.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Fig. 2

eine Schnittdarstellung des fluidischen Bauteils aus Figur 1 entlang der Linie A'-A";

Fig. 3

eine Schnittdarstellung des fluidischen Bauteils aus Figur 1 entlang der Linie B'-B";

Fig. 4

drei Momentaufnahmen (Abbildungen a) bis c)) eines Oszillationszyklus eines Fluidstroms zur Veranschaulichung der Strömungsrichtung des Fluidstroms, der ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung durchströmt; eine Schnittdarstellung (Abbildung d)) des fluidischen Bauteils aus den Abbildungen a) bis c) zur Veranschaulichung der Dimensionen dieses Bauteils;

Fig. 5

eine Strömungssimulation für die drei Momentaufnahmen aus Figur 4 zur Veranschaulichung der jeweiligen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung des Fluids;

Fig. 6

eine Darstellung der Druckverteilung des Fluids für die Momentaufnahme b) aus Figur 5;

Fig. 7

eine Darstellung des aus einem fluidischen Bauteil austretenden Fluidstroms in Abhängigkeit des Drucks des Fluidstroms am Eingang des fluidischen Bauteils, mit a) 0,5 bar, b) 2,5 bar und c) 7 bar; eine Schnittdarstellung (Abbildung d)) des fluidischen Bauteils aus den Abbildungen a) bis c) zur Veranschaulichung der Dimensionen dieses Bauteils;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, wobei die Ansicht jener aus Figur 3 entspricht;

Fig. 9

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, wobei die Ansicht jener aus Figur 3 entspricht;

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil mit zwei Auslassöffnungen;

Fig. 11

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil mit zwei Auslassöffnungen gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Fig. 12

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil mit einer Fluidstromführung;

Fig. 13

das fluidische Bauteil aus Figur 12 mit einem Strömungsleitkörper;

Fig. 14

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform; und

Fig. 15

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil mit einer Kavität

Fig. 16

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Fig. 17

eine Schnittdarstellung des fluidischen Bauteils aus Figur 16 entlang der Linie A'-A";

Fig. 18

eine Schnittdarstellung des fluidischen Bauteils aus Figur 16 entlang der Linie B'-B"; und

Fig. 19

einen Querschnitt durch ein fluidisches Bauteil gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a fluidic component according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2

a sectional view of the fluidic component Figure 1 along the line A'-A ";

Fig. 3

a sectional view of the fluidic component Figure 1 along the line B'-B ";

Fig. 4

three snapshots (figures a) to c)) of an oscillation cycle of a fluid flow to illustrate the flow direction of the fluid flow which flows through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment of the invention; a sectional view (figure d)) of the fluidic component from figures a) to c) to illustrate the dimensions of this component;

Fig. 5

a flow simulation for the three snapshots Figure 4 to illustrate the respective speed distribution of the fluid;

Fig. 6

a representation of the pressure distribution of the fluid for snapshot b) Figure 5 ;

Fig. 7

a representation of the fluid flow emerging from a fluidic component as a function of the pressure of the fluid flow at the inlet of the fluidic component, with a) 0.5 bar, b) 2.5 bar and c) 7 bar; a sectional view (figure d)) of the fluidic component from figures a) to c) to illustrate the dimensions of this component;

Fig. 8

a cross section through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment of the invention, the view of that from FIG Figure 3 corresponds to;

Fig. 9

a cross section through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment of the invention, the view of that from FIG Figure 3 corresponds to;

Fig. 10

a cross section through a fluidic component with two outlet openings;

Fig. 11

a cross section through a fluidic component with two outlet openings according to a further embodiment;

Fig. 12

a cross section through a fluidic component with a fluid flow guide;

Fig. 13

the fluidic component Figure 12 with a flow guide body;

Fig. 14

a cross section through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment; and

Fig. 15

a cross section through a fluidic component with a cavity

Fig. 16

a cross section through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 17

a sectional view of the fluidic component Figure 16 along the line A'-A ";

Fig. 18

a sectional view of the fluidic component Figure 16 along the line B'-B "; and

Fig. 19

a cross section through a fluidic component according to a further embodiment of the invention.

In Figure 1 a fluidic component 1 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. The Figures 2 and 3 show a sectional view of this fluidic component 1 along the lines A'-A "and B'-B". The fluidic component 1 comprises a flow chamber 10 through which a fluid flow 2 can flow ( Figure 4 ). The flow chamber 10 is also referred to as an interaction chamber.

The flow chamber 10 comprises an inlet opening 101 via which the fluid flow 2 enters the flow chamber 10, and an outlet opening 102 via which the fluid flow 2 exits the flow chamber 10. The inlet opening 101 and the outlet opening 102 are arranged on two opposite sides of the fluidic component 1. The fluid flow 2 moves in the flow chamber 10 essentially along a longitudinal axis A of the fluidic component 1 (which connects the inlet opening 101 and the outlet opening 102 to one another) from the inlet opening 101 to the outlet opening 102.

The longitudinal axis A forms an axis of symmetry of the fluidic component 1. The longitudinal axis A lies in two mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry S1 and S2, with respect to which the fluidic component 1 is mirror-symmetrical. Alternatively, the fluidic component 1 can not be constructed (mirror) symmetrically.

For a targeted change of direction of the fluid flow, the flow chamber 10 comprises a main flow channel 103, two secondary flow channels 104a, 104b, the main flow channel 103 (viewed transversely to the longitudinal axis A) being arranged between the two secondary flow channels 104a, 104b. Immediately behind the inlet opening 101, the flow chamber 10 divides into the main flow channel 103 and the two secondary flow channels 104a, 104b, which are then brought together again immediately in front of the outlet opening 102. The two secondary flow channels 104a, 104b are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry S2 ( Figure 3 ). According to an alternative not shown, the secondary flow channels are not arranged symmetrically.

The main flow channel 103 connects the inlet opening 101 and the outlet opening 102 with one another essentially in a straight line, so that the fluid flow 2 flows essentially along the longitudinal axis A of the fluidic component 1. The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b extend, starting from the inlet opening 101 in a first section, each initially at an angle of essentially 90 ° to the longitudinal axis A in opposite directions. The secondary flow ducts 104a, 104b then bend off so that they each extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis A (in the direction of the outlet opening 102) (second section). In order to reconnect the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b and the main flow channel 103, the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b change their direction again at the end of the second section so that they are each directed essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis A (third section). In the embodiment of Figure 1 the direction of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b changes at the transition from the second to the third section by an angle of approximately 120 °. However, for the change in direction between these two sections of the bypass ducts 104a, 104b, angles other than those mentioned here can also be selected.

The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b are a means for influencing the direction of the fluid flow 2 which flows through the flow chamber 10. For this purpose, the bypass flow channels 104a, 104b each have an inlet 104a1, 104b1, which is essentially formed by the end of the bypass flow channels 104a, 104b facing the outlet opening 102, and each have an outlet 104a2, 104b2 which is essentially formed by the end of the bypass flow channels 104a, 104b2 facing the inlet opening 101 End of the bypass channels 104a, 104b is formed. A small part of the fluid flow 2 flows through the inlets 104a1, 104b1, the secondary flows 23a, 23b ( Figure 4 ), into the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b. The remaining part of the fluid flow 2 (essentially the so-called main flow 24) emerges from the fluidic component 1 via the outlet opening 102 ( Figure 4 ). The secondary flows 23a, 23b emerge from the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b at the outlets 104a2, 104b2, where they can exert a lateral (transverse to the longitudinal axis A) impulse on the fluid flow 2 entering through the inlet opening 101. The direction of the fluid flow 2 is influenced in such a way that the main flow 24 exiting at the outlet opening 102 oscillates spatially, specifically in a plane in which the main flow channel 103 and the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b are arranged. The plane in which the main flow 24 oscillates corresponds to the plane of symmetry S1 or is parallel to the plane of symmetry S1. Figure 4 , which represents the oscillating fluid flow 2, will be explained in more detail later.

The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b each have a cross-sectional area which is almost constant over the entire length (from the inlet 104a1, 104b1 to the outlet 104a2, 104b2) of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b. Alternatively, the size and / or shape of the cross-sectional area can change over the length of the secondary flow channels. In contrast, the size of the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel 103 increases steadily in the flow direction of the main flow 23 (i.e. in the direction from the inlet opening 101 to the outlet opening 102), the shape of the main flow channel 103 being mirror-symmetrical to the planes of symmetry S1 and S2.

The main flow channel 103 is separated from each secondary flow channel 104a, 104b by a block 11a, 11b. The two blocks 11a, 11b are in the embodiment from Figure 1 Identical in shape and size and arranged symmetrically with respect to the mirror plane S2. In principle, however, they can also be designed differently and not oriented symmetrically. If the alignment is not symmetrical, the shape of the main flow channel 103 is also not symmetrical with respect to the mirror plane S2. The shape of the brackets 11a, 11b shown in Figure 1 is shown is only exemplary and can be varied. Blocks 11a, 11b from Figure 1 have rounded edges.

Separators 105a, 105b in the form of indentations (the boundary wall of the flow chamber 10) are also provided at the inlet 104a1, 104b1 of the bypass flow channels 104a, 104b. At the inlet 104a1, 104b1 of each secondary flow channel 104a, 104b, an indentation 105a, 105b protrudes over a section of the peripheral edge of the secondary flow channel 104a, 104b into the respective secondary flow channel 104a, 104b and changes its cross-sectional shape at this point, reducing the cross-sectional area. In the embodiment of Figure 1 the section of the circumferential edge is chosen such that each indentation 105a, 105b (among other things also) is directed towards the inlet opening 101 (oriented essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis A). Alternatively, the separators 105a, 105b can be oriented differently. The separation of the secondary streams 23a, 23b from the main stream 24 is influenced and controlled by the separators 105a, 105b. The shape, size and orientation of the separators 105a, 105b can influence the amount that flows from the fluid flow 2 into the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b, and the direction of the secondary flows 23a, 23b. This in turn influences the exit angle of the main flow 24 at the outlet opening 102 of the fluidic component 1 (and thus an influence on the oscillation angle) and the frequency with which the main flow 24 oscillates at the outlet opening 102. By selecting the size, orientation and / or shape of the separators 105a, 105b, the profile of the emerging at the outlet opening 102 can be targeted Main stream 24 are influenced. Alternatively, a separator can also be provided only at the inlet of one of the two bypass ducts.

In the embodiment from Figure 1 the separators 105a, 105b each have a shape which describes an arc in the plane of symmetry S1. On the one hand, this circular arc merges tangentially into the (linear) boundary wall of the outlet channel 107. On the other hand, this circular arc merges tangentially into a further circular arc 104a3, 104b3, which delimits the inlet 104a1, 104b1 of the secondary flow channel 104a, 104b. The circular arc of the separator 105a, 105b has a smaller radius than the circular arc 104a3, 104b3 of the inlet 104a1, 104b1 of the secondary flow channel 104a, 104b. The circular arc 104a3, 104b3 of the inlet 104a1, 104b1 of the secondary flow channel 104a, 104b also merges tangentially into the delimiting wall 104a4, 104b4 of the secondary flow channel 104a, 104b. In particular, the transition between the separators 105a, 105b and the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b on the one hand and the outlet channel 107 on the other hand is continuous, without jumps.

The separators 105a, 105b are formed essentially opposite the end of the blocks 11a, 11b facing the outlet opening 102 in the boundary wall of the flow chamber 10. In particular, the separators 105a, 105b can be arranged at a distance from the plane of symmetry S2 which lies within the mean width of the blocks 11a, 11b. The mean width of a block 11a, 11b is the width which the block 11a, 11b (viewed in the direction of flow) has over half its length.

The inlet opening 101 of the flow chamber 10 is preceded upstream by a funnel-shaped projection 106 which tapers in the direction of the inlet opening 101 (downstream). The length (along the direction of fluid flow) of the funnel-shaped extension 106 may be larger by a factor of at least 1.5 than the width b _in the inlet port 101. Preferably, the funnel-shaped extension 106 may be larger by a factor of at least 3 than the width b _IN of the inlet opening 101. The flow chamber 10 also tapers, specifically in the area of the outlet opening 102. The tapering is formed by an outlet channel 107 which extends between the separators 105a, 105b and the outlet opening 102. The funnel-shaped extension 106 and the outlet channel 107 are tapered in such a way that only their width, that is to say their extension in the plane of symmetry S1 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, respectively decreases downstream. The taper does not affect the depth, that is, the expansion in the plane of symmetry S2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, the extension 106 and the outlet channel 107 ( Figure 2 ). Alternatively, the extension 106 and the outlet channel 107 can each also be in taper in breadth and depth. Furthermore, only the extension 106 can taper in depth or in width, while the outlet channel 107 tapers in both width and depth, and vice versa. The extent of the tapering of the outlet channel 107 influences the directional characteristic of the fluid flow 2 emerging from the outlet opening 102 and thus its angle of oscillation. The shape of the funnel-shaped extension 106 and the outlet channel 107 are shown in FIG Figure 1 shown only as an example. Here, their width decreases linearly downstream. Other forms of taper are possible.

The inlet opening 101 and the outlet opening 102 each have a rectangular cross-sectional area. These each have the same depth (extent in the plane of symmetry S2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, Figure 2 ), but differ in their width b _IN , b _EX (extent in the plane of symmetry S1 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, Figure 1 ). In particular, the outlet opening 102 is less wide than the inlet opening 101. Thus, the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening 102 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 101. Alternatively, with the same width of the inlet opening 101 and outlet opening 102, the outlet opening 102 can be less deep than the inlet opening 101 In a further alternative variant, both the width and the depth of the outlet opening 102 can each be smaller than the width or the depth of the inlet opening 101. In any case, the dimensions of width and depth are to be selected so that the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening 102 is smaller than or the same size as the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 101.

For cleaning applications, which typically work with inlet pressures of over 14 bar, the fluidic component 1 can have an outlet width b _EX of 0.01 mm to 18 mm. The outlet width b _EX is preferably between 0.1 mm and 8 mm. The ratio of the width b _{IN of} the inlet opening 101 to the width b _{EX of} the outlet opening 102 can be 1 to 6, preferably between 1 and 2.2. The dimensions of the component depth in the area of the inlet opening 101 and the outlet opening 102 are to be selected so that the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening 102 is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 101. The component width b can be at least a factor of 4 larger than the outlet width b _EX . The component width b is preferably greater than the outlet width b _EX by a factor of 6 to 21. The component length I can be at least a factor of 6 greater than the outlet width b _EX . The component length I is preferably larger by a factor of 8 to 38 than the outlet width b _EX . The widest part of the main flow channel (the greatest distance between the blocks 11a, 11b along the width of the fluidic component 1 considered) can be larger by a factor of 2 to 18 than the outlet width b _EX . This factor is preferably between 3 and 12.

In Figure 4 three snapshots of a fluid flow 2 are shown to illustrate the flow direction (streamlines) of the fluid flow 2 in a fluidic component 1 during an oscillation cycle (Figures a) to c)). The fluidic component 1 from Figure 4 differs from the fluidic component 1 from Figures 1 to 3 in particular in that no separators are provided and that the ends of the blocks 11 facing the inlet opening 101 are less rounded. The component length I of the fluidic component 1 from Figure 4 is 18 mm and the component width b is 20 mm (Figure d)). The width b _{IN of} the inlet opening 101 and the width b _{N of} the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b are the same size and are each 2 mm. The outlet width b _EX is 0.9 mm. The component depth is constant in this exemplary embodiment and is 0.9 mm. The main flow channel 103 has a maximum width b _H between the blocks 11a, 11b of 8 mm. The fluid flowing through the fluidic component 1 has a pressure of 56 bar at the inlet opening 101, the fluid being water. However, the fluidic component 1 shown is basically also suitable for gaseous fluids.

Figures a) and c) show the flow lines for two deflections of the exiting main flow 24, which approximately correspond to the maximum deflections. The angle that the exiting main stream 24 sweeps between these two maxima is the oscillation angle α ( Figure 7 ). Figure b) shows the flow lines for a position of the exiting main flow 24 which lies approximately in the middle between the two maxima from Figures a) and c). The flows within the fluidic component 1 during an oscillation cycle are described below.

First, the fluid flow 2 is passed into the fluidic component 1 via the inlet opening 101 with an inlet pressure of 56 bar. The fluid flow 2 experiences hardly any pressure loss in the area of the inlet opening 101, since it can flow undisturbed into the main flow channel 103. The fluid flow 2 initially flows along the longitudinal axis A in the direction of the outlet opening 102.

By introducing a one-time random or targeted disturbance, the fluid flow 2 is deflected laterally in the direction of the side wall of the one block 11a facing the main flow channel 103, so that the direction of the fluid flow 2 increasingly deviates from the longitudinal axis A until the fluid flow is maximally deflected. Through the so-called Coanda effect, the major part of the fluid flow 2, the so-called main flow 24, is applied to the side wall of the one block 11a and then flows along this side wall. A recirculation area 25b is formed in the area between the main flow 24 and the other block 11b. The recirculation area 25b grows the more the main flow 24 is applied to the side wall of one block 11a. The main flow 24 emerges from the outlet opening 102 at an angle that changes over time with respect to the longitudinal axis A. In Figure 4a ) the main flow 24 is on the side wall of the one block 11a and the recirculation area 25b has its maximum size. In addition, the main flow 24 emerges from the outlet opening 102 with approximately the greatest possible deflection.

A small part of the fluid flow 2, the so-called secondary flow 23a, 23b, separates from the main flow 24 and flows into the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b via their inlets 104a1, 104b1. In the in Figure 4a ) is (due to the deflection of the fluid flow 2 in the direction of the block 11a) the part of the fluid flow 2 that flows into the secondary flow channel 104b, which is adjacent to the block 11b, on the side wall of which the main flow 103 is not applied, significantly larger than that part of the fluid flow 2 which flows into the secondary flow channel 104a, which adjoins the block 11a, on the side wall of which the main flow 103 is applied. In Figure 4a ) so the secondary flow 23b is significantly larger than the secondary flow 23a, which is almost negligible. As a rule, the deflection of the fluid flow 2 into the bypass flow channels 104a, 104b can be influenced and controlled with separators. The secondary flows 23a, 23b (in particular the secondary flow 23b) flow through the secondary flow channels 104a and 104b to their respective outlets 104a2, 104b2 and thus give a pulse to the fluid flow 2 entering the inlet opening 101. Since the secondary flow 23b is larger than the secondary flow 23a, the pulse component that results from the secondary flow 23b predominates.

The main flow 24 is thus pressed against the side wall of the block 11a by the impulse (of the secondary flow 23b). At the same time, the recirculation region 25b moves in the direction of the inlet 104b1 of the secondary flow channel 104b, as a result of which the supply of fluid into the secondary flow channel 104b is disturbed. The pulse component resulting from the bypass flow 23b thus decreases. At the same time, the recirculation area 25b is reduced in size, while a further (growing) recirculation area 25a is formed between the main flow 24 and the side wall of the block 11a. At the same time, the supply of fluid into the bypass duct 104a also increases. The pulse component resulting from the bypass flow 23a thus increases. The pulse components of the secondary streams 23a, 23b converge further and further in the further course until they are of equal size are and cancel each other out. In this situation, the incoming fluid flow 2 is not deflected, so that the main flow 24 moves approximately centrally between the two blocks 11a, 11b and emerges from the outlet opening 102 without deflection. Figure 4b ) does not exactly show this situation, but a situation shortly before.

In the further course, the supply of fluid into the secondary flow channel 104a continues to increase, so that the pulse component resulting from the secondary flow 23a exceeds the pulse component resulting from the secondary flow 23b. The main flow 24 is thereby pushed further and further away from the side wall of the block 11a until it rests against the side wall of the opposite block 11b due to the Coanda effect ( Figure 4c )). The recirculation area 25b dissolves, while the recirculation area 25a grows to its maximum size. The main flow 24 now exits with maximum deflection, which is in comparison to the situation Figure 4a ) has an opposite sign, from the outlet opening 102.

The recirculation area 25a will then migrate and block the inlet 104a1 of the secondary flow channel 104a, so that the supply of fluid here drops again. As a result, the secondary flow 23b will deliver the dominant pulse component, so that the main flow 24 is again pushed away from the side wall of the block 11b. The changes described are now made in reverse order.

As a result of the process described, the main flow 24 exiting at the outlet opening 102 oscillates about the longitudinal axis A in a plane in which the main flow channel 103 and the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b are arranged, so that a fluid jet wandering back and forth is generated. In order to achieve the described effect, a symmetrical structure of the fluidic component 1 is not absolutely necessary.

Figure 5 shows for each of the three snapshots a), b) and c) Figure 4 a corresponding transient flow simulation in order to visualize the velocity field of the fluid flow 2 inside and outside the fluidic component 1. Here corresponds Figure 5a ) of the snapshot Figure 4a ) etc. The in Figure 5 The scale shown translates the gray levels in which the fluid flow 2 is mapped into a velocity in m / s of the fluid flow. The speed is logarithmically coded with a color code. According to this, black corresponds to a fluid velocity of 0 m / s, while white corresponds to a fluid velocity of 150 m / s. The lighter the fluid is displayed at one point, the higher its speed at that point. Figures a) to c) show that the main flow 24 at the outlet opening 102 with a Exits speed which is always higher than the speed at which the fluid flow 2 enters at the inlet opening 101. This is due to the fact that the outlet opening 102 has a smaller cross-sectional area than the inlet opening 101. In this example, the speed of the exiting main stream 24 is around 150 m / s. A fluid jet is thus generated at high speed or high momentum. Despite the high speed of the exiting fluid jet, the oscillation mechanism is retained.

Figure 6 shows off for the snapshot Figure 4b ) ( Figure 5b )) the corresponding pressure field of the fluid flow 2. The pressure is logarithmically coded with a color code. The scale shown ranges from 1 bar (white) to 60 bar (black). Upstream of the inlet opening 101, the pressure of the fluid is 56 bar. The ambient pressure is 1 bar (white). Figure 6 clearly shows that the pressure of the fluid in the entire fluidic component 1 is high and essentially corresponds to the pressure before entry into the fluidic component 1 through the inlet opening 101. Only at the outlet opening 102 does the pressure of the fluid drop abruptly to the ambient pressure. In connection with Figure 5b ) it can be seen that the fluid is accelerated at this point of the pressure drop.

The Figures 7a ) to c) show three individual recordings of a fluid jet emerging from a fluidic component 1 to illustrate the spray characteristics. The fluidic component 1 has a component length I of 22 mm, a component width of 23 mm and a component depth of 3 mm. The inlet opening 101 has a width b _IN of 3 mm, and the outlet opening 102 has a width b _EX of 2.5 mm. Separators 105a, 105b are provided at the inlets of the bypass ducts 104a, 104b. The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b each have a constant width b _N of 4 mm. The main flow channel 103 is 9 mm wide at its widest point (b _H ). The fluidic component 1 is flowed through with water as a fluid, wherein in Figure 7a ) the pressure of the water at the inlet port 101 0.5 bar, in Figure 7b ) 2.5 bar and in Figure 7c ) Is 7 bar. As the pressure of the water at the inlet opening 101 rises, the oscillation frequency f of the exiting fluid jet increases, the oscillation angle α essentially remaining the same.

In the Figures 8 and 9 cross-sections of two further embodiments of the fluidic component 1 are shown. The sectional view of the Figures 8 and 9 corresponds to that of Figure 3 . The Figures 8 and 9 thus each show a section through the fluidic component 1 transversely to the longitudinal axis A and thus a section through the main flow duct 103 and the secondary flow ducts 104a, 104b transversely to the flow direction. The fluidic components from the Figures 8 and 9 correspond to the fluidic component 1 from characters 1 to 3 and differ from the latter only in the cross-sectional shapes of the main flow channel 103 and the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b. While this in the embodiment Figure 3 are each rectangular, they are made in the embodiment Figure 8 each oval and in the embodiment Figure 9 each rectangular with rounded corners. The shapes shown are only to be understood as examples. Other forms or mixed forms are also possible. In this context, mixed forms is to be understood as meaning that the main flow channel 103 and the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b can not have the same but two or more different cross-sectional shapes. The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b can also have a triangular, polygonal or round cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area of the main flow channel 103, however, regularly has a shape, the extent of which is greater along the component width b than along the component depth t.

The Figures 10 and 11 show two further embodiments of the fluidic component 1. These two embodiments differ from that one Figure 1 in particular in that a flow divider 108 is provided in the outlet channel 107, but no separator at the inlets 104a1, 104b1 of the bypass channels 104a, 104b. The shape of the blocks 11a, 11b is also different. The fundamental geometric properties of these two embodiments, however, agree with those of the fluidic component 1 Figure 1 match.

The flow divider 108 each has the shape of a triangular wedge. The wedge has a depth which corresponds to the component depth t. (The component depth t is constant over the entire fluidic component 1.) The flow divider 108 thus divides the outlet channel 107 into two sub-channels with two outlet openings 102 and the fluid flow 2 into two sub-flows that exit from the fluidic component 1. Through the in connection with the Figure 4 The oscillation mechanism described above, the two substrate streams emerge from the two outlet openings 102 in a pulsed manner. The two outlet openings 102 each have a smaller width b _EX than the inlet opening 101.

In the embodiment from Figure 10 the flow divider 108 extends essentially in the outlet channel 107, while in the embodiment it extends Figure 11 extends into the main flow channel 103. The shape and size of the flow divider 108 can in principle be freely selected depending on the desired application. A plurality of flow dividers can also be provided (next to one another along the width of the component) in order to subdivide the exiting fluid jet into more than two sub-flows.

The Figures 10 and 11 also show two further embodiments for the blocks 11a, 11b. However, these shapes are only to be provided by way of example and not exclusively in connection with the flow divider 108. Likewise, the blocks 11a, 11b can be designed differently when using a flow divider 108. The blocks out Figure 10 have an essentially trapezoidal basic shape which tapers downstream (in width) and from the ends of which a triangular projection protrudes into the main flow channel 103. Blocks 11a, 11b from Figure 11 resemble those from Figure 1 , but do not have rounded corners.

Figure 12 shows the fluidic component 1 from Figure 1 , which additionally has a fluid flow guide 109. The fluid flow guide 109 is a tubular extension which is arranged at the outlet opening 102 and extends downstream from the outlet opening 102. The fluid flow guide 109 serves to bundle the exiting fluid flow without affecting the oscillation mechanism. The fluid flow guide 109 is movably arranged on the outlet opening 102 and is moved along by the movement of the exiting fluid flow. This is in Figure 12 illustrated by the double arrow. In Figure 12 one of the two maximum deflections of the fluid flow guide 109 is shown as a continuous line and the other of the two maximum deflections of the fluid flow guide 109 is shown as a dotted line.

In Figure 13 FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment for the fluidic component 1 with the fluid flow guide 109 Figure 12 shown. The fluidic component 1 additionally has a flow guide body 110, which is connected to the fluid flow guide 109 by means of a holder 111. The flow guide body 110 serves to support the deflection of the fluid flow emerging from the outlet opening 102 and thus also the movement of the fluid flow guide 109 utilizing the fluid dynamics in the flow chamber 10. The holder 111 is designed in such a way that it does not interfere with the oscillation mechanism of the emerging fluid flow. In particular, the holder has a small cross section and thus a negligible flow resistance. The holder 111 produces a rigid connection between the flow guide body 110 and the fluid flow guide 109. The flow guide body 110 is therefore not movable with respect to the fluid flow guide 109, but rather only together with the fluid flow guide 109. The shape of the flow guide body 110 can be designed differently. In particular, the flow guide body 110 can be streamlined. In the Figure 13 The rectangular shape of the flow guide body 110 shown is only a schematic illustration.

The one related to Figure 13 Flow guide body 110 described is not based on that in Figure 13 The fluidic component 1 shown is limited, but can also be used in other fluidic components 1 with a fluid flow guide 109. The fluid flow guide 109 can also be used in other fluidic components besides those from the Figures 12 and 13 can be used.

Figure 14 shows a fluidic component 1, which is essentially the fluidic component 1 from Figure 1 corresponds. The fluidic component 1 from Figure 14 differs from that Figure 1 in that the cross-sectional area of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b is not constant over their length. The component depth of the fluidic component 1 from Figure 14 is constant over the entire fluidic component 1. The cross-sectional area of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b is accordingly achieved by changing their width.

The secondary flow channel 104a thus has a greater width at its inlet 104a1 and at its outlet 104a2 than in a section between inlet 104a1 and outlet 104a2. For the in Figure 14 The widths b _Na1 , b _Na2 , b _{Na3 of} the secondary _{flow channel} 104a shown are b _Na1 > b _Na2 and b _Na3 > b _Na2 . Here b _Na3 > b _Na1 , but b _Na3 = b _Na1 or b _Na3 <b _{Na1 can also} apply.

The secondary flow channel 104b has a greater width at its inlet 104b1 than at its outlet 104b2. For the in Figure 14 The widths b _Nb1 , b _{Nb2 of} the secondary _{flow channel} 104b shown are b _Nb1 > b _Nb2 . Alternatively (depending on the application) the entrance width can be smaller than the exit width.

In Figure 14 the width of the bypass channels 104a, 104b changes differently over their length. This is achieved in that the two blocks 11a, 11b are designed differently in shape and size and are not aligned symmetrically with respect to the mirror plane S2. As a result, the shape of the main flow channel 103 is also not symmetrical to the mirror plane S2. However, both secondary flow channels 104a, 104b can behave the same with regard to their change in width.

By changing the cross-sectional area of the bypass ducts 104a, 104b, the manufacturing process (casting, sintering) of the fluidic component 1 can be simplified, since foreign substances can easily be removed from the fluidic component during manufacture. In addition, the finished fluidic component can be cleaned more easily, which plays a role, for example, when the fluidic component is used with a foreign substance-laden (particle-laden) fluid. The variant in which If the cross-section from the outlet of the bypass duct to the inlet of the bypass duct increases, the fluidic component flushes itself free during operation. In the variant in which the cross-section increases from the inlet of the bypass flow channel to the outlet of the bypass flow channel, the fluid runs completely out of the fluidic component when the fluidic component is switched off (i.e. when no more fluid is passed into the fluidic component). It can thus be avoided that fluid collects in the fluidic component after switching off and that pathogens (for example Legionella) in the fluid multiply or mold, soap residues, lime or other dirt build up. An emptying of the fluidic component after switching off can be supported by dispensing with separators.

The ones related to Figure 14 However, the variable width of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b described is not limited to the in Figure 14 shown fluidic component 1 limited. Rather, the variable width of the secondary flow channels / of the secondary flow channel can also be applied to other forms of fluidic components with one or more secondary flow channels.

In Figure 15 a fluidic component 1 is shown, which has a cavity 112 downstream of the outlet opening 102. Otherwise it corresponds to the fluidic component Figure 4d ). The cavity 112 is an annular widening of the outlet channel 107 adjoining the outlet opening 102, which (viewed in the flow direction of the exiting fluid flow) extends over a section of the outlet channel 107. An annular widening is to be understood as a widening that has a round, angular, oval or otherwise shaped, closed contour. In Figure 15 the cavity is arranged directly at the outlet opening 102. However, it can also be arranged further downstream. The cavity 112 reduces the boundary layer height of the fluid flow emerging from the outlet opening 102. This increases the compactness of the exiting fluid flow, that is to say reduces the expansion of the exiting fluid flow transversely to the direction of flow. The cavity 112 can be provided for the most varied of embodiments of a fluidic component 1 and is not aimed at the fluidic component 1 Figure 15 limited.

The shapes of the fluidic components 1 of Figures 1 to 15 are only exemplary. The invention can also be applied to already known fluidic components.

In Figure 16 a fluidic component 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. The Figures 17 and 18 show a sectional view of this fluidic component 1 along the lines A'-A "and B'-B". The fluidic component 1 from the Figures 16 to 18 corresponds essentially to the fluidic component from the Figures 1 to 3 . The fluidic component 1 from the Figures 16 to 18 differs from the fluidic component from the Figures 1 to 3 in particular that an outlet widening 12 is provided. The outlet widening 12 adjoins the outlet opening 102 downstream. The fluid flow 2 thus moves from the outlet opening 102 through the outlet widening 12 before the fluid flow 2 emerges from the fluidic component 1.

If the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening 102 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening 101, the pressure within the fluidic component 1 can increase and thus reduce the inclination of the cavity. The inlet pressure, which is, for example, higher than 14 bar (compared to the ambient pressure), but can also be above 1000 bar, and is preferably between 20 bar and 500 bar, is essentially only reduced at the outlet opening 102. Due to the high pressure reduction directly at the outlet opening 102, the exiting fluid jet can tend to burst (in all directions). This bursting can be counteracted (at least partially) by the outlet widening 12. By means of the outlet expansion 12, the exiting fluid jet can be bundled (perpendicular to the planes of symmetry S1 and S2). By bundling the fluid jet in this way, an increase in the removal or cleaning performance of the fluidic component 1 can be achieved.

The outlet widening 12 is funnel-shaped and has a cross-sectional area which, starting from the outlet opening 102, increases in the fluid flow direction (from the inlet opening 101 to the outlet opening 102). The depth of the outlet expansion 12 is constant, while the width of the outlet expansion 12 increases in the direction of the fluid flow. According to Figure 16 the width increases linearly. However, a steady increase other than the linear increase in width is also possible. The outlet opening 102 forms the point with the smallest cross-sectional area between the flow chamber 10 and the outlet expansion 12.

The walls delimiting the outlet expansion 12 enclose an angle γ in the plane in which the exiting fluid jet oscillates. The angle γ corresponds in the embodiment from Figure 16 the oscillation angle α of the exiting fluid jet, which would be formed without the outlet widening 12. The angle γ can also be greater than the corresponding oscillation angle α be formed. In the case of a fluidic component 1 that generates a uniform distribution of the fluid on the surface to be sprayed (also known as a histogram) without an outlet expansion 12, it is advantageous if the angle γ is up to 10 ° greater than the oscillation angle α. In the event that a fluidic component 1 without an outlet widening 12 generates an uneven distribution of the fluid on the surface to be sprayed (for example more fluid in the center than in the edge areas) or in the event that a smaller spray angle or oscillation angle α is desired, An outlet widening 12 can be provided, the angle γ of which corresponds to the desired reduced oscillation angle α. In this way, on the one hand, a smaller oscillation angle α is generated and, on the other hand, a more uniform distribution of the fluid on the surface to be sprayed or in the histogram is generated.

The walls delimiting the outlet channel 107 enclose an angle β in the plane in which the exiting fluid jet oscillates. The angle β of the outlet channel 107 can be larger than the oscillation angle α and also larger than the angle γ of the outlet widening 12. The angle β of the outlet channel 107 is preferably at least 1.1 times greater than the angle γ of the outlet widening 12. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, 1.1 * γ β 3.5 * γ applies.

The outlet widening 12 has a length I _out which adjoins the component length I. The length I _{out of} the outlet expansion 12 can correspond at least to the width b _{EX of} the outlet opening 102. The length I _{out of} the outlet widening 12 can preferably be greater than the width b _{EX of} the outlet opening 102 by at least a factor of 1.25. The length I _{out of} the outlet extension 12 can preferably be a factor of 1 to 32 greater than the outlet width b _EX , particularly preferably a factor of 4 to 16. With this ratio, a fluid jet with high jet quality can be generated.

The separators 105a, 105b are formed by an indentation in the wall of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b. The indentation has a shape that describes an arc in the plane of symmetry S1. The radius of the circular arc can be of different strengths. For example, the radius of the circular arc can be 0.0075 to 2.6 times, preferably 0.015 to 1.8 times, and particularly preferably 0.055 to 1.7 times the outlet width b _EX .

In the embodiment of Figures 16 to 18 the component depth t is constant over the entire outlet widening 12 and corresponds to the component depth at the outlet opening 102 exists. Depending on the field of application of the fluidic component 1, the depth t of the outlet widening 12 can increase or decrease downstream (compared to the component depth that is present at the outlet opening 102). A further focusing of the exiting fluid jet can be achieved by reducing the component depth in the area of the outlet widening 12 in a downstream direction.

In Figure 19 a fluidic component 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. This fluidic component 1, like the fluidic component 1 from FIG Figure 16 an outlet expansion 12. The shapes of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b, the blocks 11a, 11b and the separators 105a, 105b are similar to the shapes of the fluidic component 1 Figure 7d ). The basic shape of the fluidic component 1 from Figure 19 is essentially rectangular. The blocks 11a and 11b have an essentially rectangular basic shape, at whose end facing the inlet opening 101 a triangular projection adjoins, which protrudes into the main flow channel. The blocks 11a and 11b can be sharp-edged or slightly rounded at the meeting points of the straight sections, as in FIG Figure 19 shown.

The secondary flow channels 104a, 104b extend, starting from the inlet opening 101 in a first section, each initially at an angle of essentially 90 ° to the longitudinal axis A in opposite directions. Subsequently, the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b bend (essentially at right angles) so that they each extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis A (in the direction of the outlet opening 102) (second section). The second section is followed by a third section. The change in direction during the transition from the second to the third section is essentially 90 °.

In contrast to the fluidic component 1, the separators 105a, 105b are made of Figure 16 not formed by an indentation in the wall of the bypass ducts 104a, 104b, but rather by the transition of the straight third section of the bypass ducts 104a, 104b (which extends essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A and the plane of symmetry S2) into the wall of the outlet duct 107, which forms an angle smaller than 90 ° with the longitudinal axis A (and the plane of symmetry S2). The separators 105a, 105b are accordingly formed by an edge. Alternatively, the separators 105a, 105b (as in the embodiment from FIGS Figures 16 to 18 ) have a shape that describes an arc in the plane of symmetry S1. In the embodiment according to Figure 19 the third section of the secondary flow channels 104a, 104b extends essentially perpendicular to the plane of symmetry S2, but the angle can also deviate from 90 °. The separators 105a, 105b can preferably be arranged at a distance from the plane of symmetry S2 which lies within the mean width of the blocks 11a, 11b.

The shape of the fluidic components 1 with an outlet expansion 12 is shown in FIG Figures 16 to 19 shown only as an example. The outlet widening 12 can also be provided in connection with other embodiments of the fluidic component 1 according to the invention.

Claims (15)

1. A fluidic component (1) having a flow chamber (10) allowing a fluid flow (2) to flow through, said fluid flow entering the flow chamber (10) through an inlet opening (101) of the flow chamber (10) and emerging from the flow chamber (10) through an outlet opening (102) of the flow chamber (10), and which flow chamber has at least one means for changing the direction of the fluid flow (2) at the outlet opening (102) in a controlled manner, in particular in order to generate a spatial oscillation of the fluid flow (2) at the outlet opening (102), wherein the flow chamber (10) has a main flow channel (103), which interconnects the inlet opening (101) and the outlet opening (102), and at least one auxiliary flow channel (104a, 104b) as a means for changing the direction of the fluid flow (2) at the outlet opening (102) in a controlled manner,
   characterized in that
   the inlet opening (101) has a larger cross-sectional area than the outlet opening (102), or in that the inlet opening (101) and the outlet opening (102) have cross-sectional areas that are equal in size, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening and the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening are each the smallest cross-sectional areas of the fluidic component through which the fluid flow passes when it enters the flow chamber and reemerges from the flow chamber.
2. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in claim 1,
   characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening (101) is larger by a factor of up to 2.5 than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening (102), preferably larger by a factor of up to 1.5 than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening (102).
3. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that the fluidic component (1) has a component length (1), a component width (b) and a component depth (t), wherein the component length (1) determines the distance between the inlet opening (101) and the outlet opening (102), and the component width (b) and the component depth (t) are each defined perpendicularly to one another and to the component length (1), wherein the component width (b) is greater than the component depth (t), and in that the outlet opening (102) has a width (b_EX) which is 1/3 to 1/50 of the component width (b), preferably 1/5 to 1/15 of the component width (b), wherein the inlet opening (101) has a width (b_IN) which is 1/3 to 1/20 of the component width (b), preferably 1/5 to 1/10 of the component width (b) .
4. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in claim 3,
   characterized in that the component depth (t) is constant over the entire component length (1) or decreases from the inlet opening (101) toward the outlet opening (102).
5. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one auxiliary flow channel (104a, 104b) has a greater or smaller depth than the main flow channel (103).
6. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a separator (105a, 105b) is provided at the inlet (104a1, 104b1) of the at least one auxiliary flow channel (104a, 104b), wherein, in particular, the separator (105a, 105b) is designed as an inward protrusion which projects into the flow chamber (10) transversely to the flow direction prevailing in the auxiliary flow channel.
7. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening (102) is rectangular, polygonal or round.
8. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outlet channel (107), the cross-sectional area of which changes in shape in the direction of the outlet opening (102), in particular from rectangular to round, is provided directly upstream of the outlet opening (102), wherein, in particular, the fluidic component (1) has a cavity (112), which is designed as a widened portion of the outlet channel (107) and, when viewed in the flow direction of the emerging fluid flow, extends around the entire outlet channel (107) over a section of the outlet channel (107) and transversely to the flow direction of the emerging fluid flow.
9. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid flow (2) enters the fluidic component (1) via the inlet opening (101) under a pressure and in that the pressure is substantially dissipated at the outlet opening (102).
10. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluidic component (1) has two or more outlet openings (102), which are formed by arrangement of a flow divider (108) directly upstream of the outlet openings (102), wherein the outlet openings (102) each have a smaller cross-sectional area than the inlet opening (101), or the outlet openings (102) and the inlet opening (101) each have cross-sectional areas that are equal in size.
11. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet opening (102) is adjoined on the downstream side by a fluid flow guide (109) which, without acting on the direction of the fluid flow (2) is movable by the fluid flow (2) as said flow changes direction, wherein, in particular, is provided that the fluid flow guide (109) is rigidly connected to a flow guiding body (110), which is arranged upstream of the outlet opening (102) and is movable by the fluid flow (2) as said flow changes direction.
12. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a widened outlet portion (12) follows downstream of the outlet opening (102), wherein, in particular, the cross-sectional area of said widened outlet portion increases downstream from the outlet opening (102), and wherein the widened outlet portion (12), in particular, has a width which increases downstream of the outlet opening (102) .
13. The fluidic component (1) as claimed in claim 12,
    characterized in that the widened outlet portion (12) is delimited by a wall which encloses an angle γ in a plane in which the emerging fluid jet oscillates within an oscillation angle α, wherein the angle γ of the widened outlet portion (12) is 0° to 15°, preferably 0° to 10°, larger than the oscillation angle α.
14. A cleaning appliance having a device for producing a fluid jet, wherein the cleaning appliance is, in particular, a dishwasher, an industrial cleaning system, a washing machine or a high-pressure cleaner,
    characterized in that
    the device is a fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
15. An injection system for injecting a fuel into a combustion engine having a device for producing a fluid jet,
    characterized in that
    the device is a fluidic component (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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