EP3098132A1 - Lightweight modular building - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular building, ie a building whose usable space is provided by at least two modules. It may be a building with living spaces, offices or z. B to act at an infirmary. In particular, the invention relates to a method for constructing a modular building (10) on a floor, comprising the following steps: Providing a first module (12) at a location in the vicinity of a place of installation, Placing the first module (12) on a undercarriage adjuster (20) at the place of supply, Bringing the first module (12) with the undercarriage adjuster (20) to the place of installation, Adjusting the height of the first module (12) above the ground at the place of installation by means of the undercarriage adjuster (20), the latter having a rolling frame (30), Adjusting the horizontal position of the first module (12) above the ground by displacing a rolling frame (30) relative to the undercarriage adjuster (20), - extension of supports (22) for fixing the horizontal and vertical position of the first module (12), - Removing the Unterfahrjustierers (20) The invention further relates to a kit for such a modular building.

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a modular building, ie a building whose usable space is provided by at least two modules. It may be a building with living spaces, offices or other uses. In particular, a building for medical care comes into consideration, for example a hospital ward, an emergency care unit or a field hospital. The modules should be easy to transport and also be suitable for landing from the air, especially from a helicopter.

Background of the invention

The patent application WO 97/49606 relates to a method for deliberately depositing or picking up goods from aircraft. Under this procedure, it is proposed that the goods can be dropped without the aircraft landing and that a prestressed spatial rope truss fixes the load to be cleared. As a rule, the bias in the cable truss should be applied by the aircraft itself. In this way, common containers are to be transported, which are to be supported by a load frame.

It appears that this method is particularly suitable for use with airships ("Zeppelinen"). In any case, it does not seem easy to use a helicopter so that it tightens the rope truss while the helicopter is laying down a load. However, the process illustrates how complex it is to set down loads from the air with pinpoint accuracy. The patent application discloses a variety of useful considerations, which nonetheless seem to be very specifically optimized for use with airships. Incidentally, it is necessary, a complex To provide rope truss on the ground and to connect four ropes to the aircraft or to the load.

The German Utility Model GM 74 14 936 discloses a mechanical changing system for storable structures of truck trailers or semi-trailers. The change system requires two frames, namely a centering frame, which is connected to the chassis of the truck or to the chassis of a trailer. The system also requires the use of a floor frame to carry the actual load, typically a container. This floor frame can be supported by means of articulated levers. The use of two frames makes the system relatively heavy. For this reason alone, it does not seem suitable for air transport.

The publication DE 30 07 730 A1 discloses a large capacity container, in particular a standard container according to ISO standard. At this container, a support device is provided, which is to be part of the container and should include several (typically four) support legs. With this construction, it is necessary for the container itself to have a high stability in order to be able to stand securely between the support legs provided at the outer corners of the container. (Especially since these are even spaced from the corners.) The support legs are designed for adjusting the container in height, but do not allow adjustment of the container in the horizontal.

The patent application WO 2012/038077 A1 discloses a container transport system. In the context of this system, a horizontal envelope handling apparatus for a rail and / or road container transport system is disclosed. In the system, lifting and lifting plates are used, which can be operated hydraulically, pneumatically or electromechanically. These lifting and lifting plates must be designed so stable that they, while they are held only on one side, the container provide sufficient support. This solution also requires the use of very resistant materials, which are therefore heavy and not very suitable for air transport. Incidentally, the system provides only a displacement exactly perpendicular to the container side wall. A more accurate adjustment is not provided and probably not required when transporting a container with the truck, since a truck can be sufficiently easily and precisely moved to pick up a container to a specific location or unload.

WO 2011/051514 discloses a building system in which various components can be transported on trailers. These transport trailers are each designed as semi-trailer. At the place of use these trailers are to be parked in the desired position. Hydraulic supports are used to adjust the height. A transport from the air does not seem to be possible, further, there seems to be no means for the exact alignment of the transport trailer to each other.

WO 2012/126066 discloses another modular building system. Floor panels are designed so that they can accommodate other support elements, such as vertical support posts. This is a kit where a building can be built from the different parts, mainly by hand. At the site only the items are delivered, so that the structure requires considerable effort.

Consequently, these various approaches do not make it possible to provide a fast portable modular building for emergency use satisfactorily. In particular, few of the disclosed solutions allow the modules for such a building to be delivered from the air and then built up quickly and accurately.

• In einem ersten Aspekt soll das modulare Gebäude einerseits leicht und andererseits stabil sein. Seine Leichtigkeit soll die Anlieferung der Module aus der Luft sicherstellen. Stabilität ist aber ebenso anzustreben, denn zur Krankenversorgung ist beispielsweise auch ein OP-Saal vorzusehen und die erforderlichen Geräte sollen stabil aufgestellt werden können.
• Eine weitere Optimierungsaufgabe ergibt sich dadurch, dass das Gebäude auch auf sehr unebenen Böden errichtet werden soll, und zugleich die gesamte Bodenfläche des Gebäudes horizontal und eben sein soll. Beispielsweise soll es leicht möglich sein, Krankenbetten von einem Bereich des Gebäudes in einen anderen zu schieben.
• In einem noch weiteren Aspekt soll das modulare System universell einsetzbar sein. Neben dem Lufttransport soll auch ein Straßentransport möglich sein. Trotz dieser Vielfältigkeit sollen sich bei einer gegebenen Einsatzart und bei einem gegebenen Einsatzzweck daraus keine großen Nachteile ergeben.
• In einem weiteren Aspekt ist eine vernünftige Abwägung zwischen der Einfachheit der Konstruktion und der Einfachheit des Aufstellens auch durch ungeschultes Personal (beispielsweise wenig geschulte Freiwillige vor Ort) und der Erfordernis einer präzisen Aufstellung zu finden.

The present invention seeks to optimize different aspects from the classical engineering point of view:

• In a first aspect, the modular building should be lightweight on the one hand and stable on the other hand. Its ease should ensure the delivery of the modules from the air. However, stability is also to be striven for, because, for example, an operating room should also be provided for medical care and the necessary equipment should be able to be set up in a stable manner.
• Another optimization task results from the fact that the building should be built on very uneven floors, and at the same time the entire floor surface of the building should be horizontal and level. For example, it should be easy to move hospital beds from one area of the building to another.
• In yet another aspect, the modular system is intended to be universally applicable. In addition to the air transport should also be a road transport possible. Despite this diversity, there should be no major disadvantages for a given type of use and for a given application.
• In a further aspect, a reasonable balance between simplicity of construction and ease of deployment is also found by untrained personnel (for example, under-trained field volunteers) and the need for a precise set-up.

These claims are satisfied by a method of constructing a modular building according to claim 1 and a kit for such a building according to claim 11.

• Bereitstellen eines ersten Moduls an einem Bereitstellort in der Nähe eines Aufstellortes,
• Aufsetzen des ersten Moduls auf einen Unterfahrjustierer am Bereitstellort,
• Verbringen des ersten Moduls mit dem Unterfahrjustierer zum Aufstellort,
• Justieren der Höhe des ersten Moduls über dem Boden am Aufstellort mit Hilfe des Unterfahrjustierers, wobei dieser einen Rollrahmen aufweist,
• Justieren der horizontalen Position des ersten Moduls über dem Boden durch Verschieben eines Rollrahmens relativ zum Unterfahrjustierer,
• Ausfahren von Stützen zur Fixierung der horizontalen und vertikalen Position des ersten Moduls,
• Entfernen des Unterfahrjustierers.

A modular building in the sense of the present invention is one which consists of at least one module, as a rule it consists of a multiplicity of modules. For the purposes of the invention, the method for Build such a building on a floor following steps include:

• Providing a first module at a deployment location near a deployment location,
• Placing the first module on a undercarriage adjuster at the point of supply,
• Bringing the first module with the undercarriage adjuster to the place of installation,
• Adjusting the height of the first module above the ground at the place of installation by means of the undercarriage adjuster, the latter having a rolling frame,
• Adjusting the horizontal position of the first module above the ground by moving a rolling frame relative to the undercarriage adjuster;
• Extension of supports for fixing the horizontal and vertical position of the first module,
• Remove the undercarriage adjuster.

These steps are preferably performed in the order of their enumeration.

The nature of the soil does not play a major role in the invention, it may be any terrain surface, in principle, the soil may be partially under water, such as in a shallow stream or the like.

The lightweight modular building of the present invention typically includes a plurality of modules. Practical are common Buildings that have four, eight, twelve or more modules, in some cases up to twenty or thirty modules. These modules can all be of the same type. It is also possible that the modules are of different types, for example that two different types of modules are used. Then, the modular building is composed of modules of a first type and of modules of a second type. It may be expedient to choose the modules of the second type so that they can accommodate the modules of the first type for transport purposes. The modules of the first type must therefore be smaller than the modules of the second type. In general, however, the method according to the invention and the kit according to the invention can be applied to different numbers of identical or different modules.

In an early step of the method according to the invention, it is a matter of providing a first module. This provision can take place in various forms. As a rule, this requires the transport of the module from a storage location to the place where the module is to be provided. In this transport step modules can be transported individually or together. It may also be considered that all modules provided for the erection of the modular building are transported together.

The concept of the modular building is so flexible that suitable modules can be transported by land, for example by semi-trailers, or by air, for example by helicopters. Of course, a transport by sea in question. In this respect, the inventive method for constructing a modular building expediently also includes a step of transporting a first module, which precedes the step of providing the first module. This transport can take place from a storage location to the delivery location.

In particular, it may also be expedient for the first module to be provided in which it is removed from a transport container at the place of use. The transport container itself may be a module which later may also become part of the modular building. For this purpose, the transport container may be a second module, which is larger than the first module, as explained above.

In the method according to the invention, the first module, after it has been provided, is placed on a undercarriage adjuster. The undercarriage adjuster is a device that can transport the module at least over short distances. (As a rule, transport over longer distances is not possible, so that the transport vehicles mentioned above are used for this purpose.) The undercarriage adjuster is also capable of changing the relative position of a module to the adjuster itself, for example to the axes of the Adjuster. In this case, both a change in the vertical direction and in particular a change in the horizontal direction into consideration. There is also a movement in intermediate directions into consideration. These movements all serve primarily to precisely adjust the position of the module in the modular building to be constructed. This circumstance is due to the undercarriage adjuster its name. In general, a sub-ride adjuster is to be understood here as a device which can move a module for short distances and which, for the second, allows the relative position of the module to be varied to the device. Within the scope of the present invention, special undercarriage adjusters have been constructed, the various features and advantages of which will be discussed in more detail below.

When modifying the relative position of the module, the adjustment, the height of the module base above the ground (at the installation site) is determined. Depending on the substrate, it may be beneficial to set the module higher or lower. Furthermore, in this adjustment, the horizontal equipment of the first module. Each module usually has a module bottom. In particular, it can be ensured that the usable floor area of the first module is brought into the horizontal.

Another adjacently placed, e.g. the second module can be adjusted in the same way. When adjusting the adjacent module, the height of the bottom of the second module is preferably selected so that the usable bottom surface of the second module is at the same height as the first module.

In a further method step, after the first module has been placed on the underbody adjuster, it is moved to the installation site with the aid of the underbody adjuster (namely the same underbody adjuster).

At the place of installation, the height of the module above the ground is adjusted using the undercarriage adjuster. Furthermore, the module can be adjusted in the horizontal. The undercarriage adjuster should have a rolling frame for this purpose. The rolling frame of the underride adjuster is connected to the module but is movable relative to other parts of the underride adjuster, for example a chassis arranged under the rolling frame. The mobility of the rolling frame is provided substantially in the horizontal direction.

By moving the rolling frame relative to the undercarriage adjuster, it is therefore possible in a next step to determine the horizontal position of the module above the ground and / or relative to a neighboring module.

In a further method step in the construction of the modular building supports can then be used, which serve to fix the horizontal and vertical position of the first module. These supports can also be intrigued in the first module. The use of supports can then, for example, by the extension of columns respectively. But also useful are separate supports, wherein the module may typically have a support support, such as in the form of a square tube horizontal or vertical orientation.

In a further step of the method, the undercarriage adjuster is removed from the module just placed in the desired horizontal and vertical position. The undercarriage adjuster is then available for further modules. In this respect, it is possible to carry out the method with one and the same undercarriage adjuster but with a number of different modules. Thus, the method may initially begin with the provision of a first module and then continue with the provision of a second module after the final removal of the undercarriage adjuster. Subsequently, the method can then also be applied to a third module, a fourth module, etc.

The undercarriage adjuster basically makes it possible to transport and adjust several structurally very different modules.

As explained, the undercarriage adjuster has a rolling frame. This roll frame is to be associated with the bottom of the module to be installed. It is therefore possible that the module itself has a light floor which is not as stable as would be required or desirable during installation. While the module is being transported, it is additionally supported by the rolling frame. The rolling frame may include, for example, rolling plates, typically relatively heavy steel rolling plates. Such rolling plates may in turn run on rollers which are carried below the rolling frame by the undercarriage adjuster. The combination of rolling surfaces with rollers allows easy adjustment of a module to be installed in the horizontal. In terms of the advantages to be achieved by the invention, it is not only possible with this principle to design very lightweight modules, but it is also possible to have these modules set up well by untrained personnel. Of the Rolling frame usually allows a horizontal displacement of the modules with muscle power. In remote areas where electricity is limited, this can be a significant advantage.

Various forms of storage of the rolling frame on the undercarriage adjuster are possible. It would, for example, a roller bearing into consideration. Preferably, however, a bearing is selected, which not only allows a direction of movement in the plane. Preferred are bearings that allow free movement in a plane. Typically, this is the plane in which the bottom of a module is located.

Various considerations in the context of the present invention make a roller bearing appear particularly advantageous. Typically, ball rollers with a diameter between 40 and 60 mm are used.

Advantageously, the storage in the manner described comprises a first roll. This can then interact with a rolling plate of a rolling frame. The roller is then pressed by spring force against the rolling plate. This ensures constant contact between the roller plate and the roller.

The modules may be the same or different types. For a method or kit according to the present invention it is advantageous if all modules are externally identical. But it is also considered that individual modules are different. In this case, even a fixed building could be integrated as a module in the modular building.

The modules (which could also be referred to as lightweight containers) can be conveniently made of composite materials, especially aluminum composites. For example, the outer walls can be made of aluminum plates; 2 mm - 4 mm, especially 2 mm thick aluminum plates granted. Between an aluminum plate as the outer wall and an aluminum plate as the inner wall, a foam filling may be provided. Another useful material for walls of a module, including composite materials, is GfK. A module according to the invention can therefore have at least one wall and the wall and / or the bottom plate can be constructed in a multilayered manner and comprise a porous layer.

The composite material is slightly stable and heat-insulating. But as can be seen, just such a composite material is not very pressure-resistant. However, the provision of rolling plates on the rolling frame in corresponding areas of the module base ensures that even if the storage will be provided by balls, the module bottom is not damaged. A rolling frame thus allows a particularly free choice of material for the remaining parts of the module.

In the context of the present invention, modules in the form of standardized containers may expediently also be used, typically referred to as ISO containers. Although these containers conform to the external dimensions of the ISO standard, they need not be standard transport containers. The internal structure of the containers can be more demanding than with a standard transport container. For example, it may be appropriate to provide air conditioning units, power connections and the like in the container.

It is particularly useful to use such ISO containers as transport containers. These can then serve as second modules in the context of the method described or in connection with the described kit. These second modules can accommodate the first modules when they are being transported to the place of delivery. The second modules can also be part of the modular building after removing the first modules.

If these second modules or ISO containers have inwardly projecting devices, such as an air conditioner, so it makes sense to provide in the first modules, usually in a wall of the first module, recesses. A protruding element, such as an air conditioner, may then protrude into these recesses while the first module is being transported in the second module.

Like the modules, the racks can be of the same type or different types. Thus, rolling frames of the same type or different design can be used.

The method is usually supplemented by a step in which the first module is combined with another, e.g. second, module is firmly connected. In this case, a mechanical connection, and as a rule a releasable mechanical connection, to be preferred. It has proved to be useful if side panels of the modules have holes through which bolts can be passed. The bolts can then be screwed. This simple and stable form of attachment requires that corresponding holes in adjacent modules can be placed exactly opposite each other. It may also be appropriate to provide fittings on the modules, which can accommodate bolts or a nut. Such fittings may also be provided on the edges of the modules, for example on struts. In all these variants must therefore be exactly aligned both in the horizontal and in the horizontal.

The present invention also relates to a kit for a modular building. This kit is intended to include at least a first module and a undercarriage adjuster, wherein the undercarriage adjuster may traverse the first module and the first module may travel a certain distance above a ground and further vary the height of the first module from the ground, wherein the undercarriage adjuster Furthermore, a rolling frame is provided, which allows a displacement of the first module on the undercarriage adjuster.

The first module and other modules are expediently provided with supports. These can be in the module intrigued and then extendable or extendable supports, for example in the form of so-called drop supports. It may also be appropriate posts that are connectable to the modules and are mounted with suitable fittings, for example on the outer wall or under the floor. Preferably, supports are used, which do not protrude laterally beyond the bottom surface of the module.

Particularly useful is a kit in which the rolling frame is hydraulically adjustable in height. A hydraulic height adjustment can also be realized by a first set of hydraulic cylinders and a second set of hydraulic cylinders. The first set of hydraulic cylinders may be used to support and lift an intermediate element of the undercarriage adjuster, for example the chassis, relative to the ground at the installation site. For this purpose, it is expedient to provide three hydraulic cylinders. The first set of hydraulic cylinders typically has telescopic cylinders.

In addition, a second set of hydraulic cylinders can be provided, which causes a hydraulic movement of the rolling frame with respect to another component of the Unterfahrjustierers, for example with respect to the chassis. The second set of hydraulic cylinders only needs to apply a small lift, usually only about 20 mm.

A hydraulic height adjustment may conveniently be realized by mounting balls supporting the rolling frame on punches of hydraulic cylinders of the second set. By the hydraulic cylinder can then comfortably the vertical position of the Rolling frame can be varied (at least between an upper and a lower position), while horizontal displacements are easily possible by the balls.

It is useful in the context of the present invention in addition to the use of bolts and the use of bolt bushings, bolt guides, spacers and seals. These elements can therefore also be parts of a kit according to the invention.

Particularly useful is the use of bolts and bolt bushings for the connection of different modules, for example, for connecting first and second modules of different design. ISO containers can be provided with appropriate bolt passages or with fittings on the outer walls of the container, which can serve as a bolt receptacle.

Relative to the undercarriage adjuster, it is expedient if this has two axes. A Unterfahrjustierer can also have more axes, two axes are sufficient but usually and allow a lightweight design. It is possible that all or at least two axes of the Unterfahrjustierers are steerable, but it is expedient a Unterfahrjustierer with a steerable and a non-steerable axis.

A steerable axle can be realized appropriately, are provided in the steering cylinder. For example, hydraulic steering cylinders allow a reliable and wide steering angle.

It is also favorable if at least one axle of the undercarriage adjuster is designed as a pendulum axle. This allows good ground contact on difficult terrain.

It is particularly expedient if the track width on an axle, expediently usually a non-steered axle, is variable. It is thus possible to transport the undercarriage adjuster with a narrow gauge. When transferring a module from the place of delivery to the construction site, the gauge can be increased (ie at least one wheel can be moved outwards). In this way, the loaded undercarriage adjuster can be moved more stable and non-tilting. If the undercarriage adjuster is to extend under the module to leave it supported at its location, the track width can be reduced again. This facilitates the driving out of the undercarriage adjuster between the supports of the module just set up. It is useful if the changing of the track width, while the undercarriage adjuster is supported by hydraulic cylinders relative to the ground at the installation. Then the axles and wheels are relieved, which allows easier change of the track width.

It has proved in the context of the present invention to be useful when the undercarriage adjuster is equipped with one, but better with at least two diesel engines. These diesel engines can perform a variety of functions, especially in remote locations.

When operating the Unterfahrjustierers it is initially provided that the diesel engines are coupled to a unit, usually a hydraulic variable displacement pump, which provides for the drive of the vehicle. This can therefore be a hydrostatic drive. Alternatively, a drive of the wheels via electric motors would be conceivable. This form of propulsion makes it possible to provide a vehicle driven on all wheels, and it also makes it possible, in the manner of a differential, to block or individually drive individual wheels. This type of drive is also well suited for operating the underrun adjuster via a remote control.

Furthermore, the diesel engines can also be coupled to a unit that provides for the operation of the hydraulic cylinders. This is usually a gear pump. It is usually sufficient if only one diesel engine is coupled with such a gear pump.

Once installed, the diesel engines can perform a useful function as power generators. This saves the transportation of additional generators in a remote area.

Fig. 1

ist eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen modularen Gebäudes.

Fig. 2

zeigt in schematischer Ansicht den Aufbau eines Moduls in erfindungsgemäßer Weise.

Fig. 3

zeigt die Verbindung zweier benachbarter Module in schematischer Aufsicht.

Fig. 4

zeigt die Lagerung des Rollrahmens.

Fig. 5

zeigt Verbindungsmittel für benachbarte Module.

Fig. 6

zeigt schematisch den Aufbau einer Vielzahl von Modulen auf unebenem Gelände.

Fig. 7

zeigt den Transport eines Unterfahrjustierers in einen Container.

Fig. 8

zeigt die Entnahme eines ersten Moduls aus einem zweiten Modul.

Fig. 9

zeigt in dreidimensionaler Ansicht einen erfindungsgemäßen Unterfahrjustierer.

Fig. 10

zeigt eine gelenkte Achse eines solchen Unterfahrjustierers.

Other features, but also advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following drawings and the accompanying description. In the figures and in the accompanying descriptions, features of the invention are described in combination. However, these features may also be included in other combinations of an article of the invention. Each disclosed feature is thus also to be regarded as disclosed in technically meaningful combinations with other features. The illustrations are partly slightly simplified and schematic.

Fig. 1

is a perspective view of a modular building according to the invention.

Fig. 2

shows a schematic view of the structure of a module according to the invention.

Fig. 3

shows the connection of two adjacent modules in a schematic plan view.

Fig. 4

shows the storage of the rolling frame.

Fig. 5

shows connecting means for adjacent modules.

Fig. 6

schematically shows the construction of a variety of modules on uneven terrain.

Fig. 7

shows the transport of a Unterfahrjustierers in a container.

Fig. 8

shows the removal of a first module from a second module.

Fig. 9

shows a three-dimensional view of a Unterfahrjustierer invention.

Fig. 10

shows a steered axle of such Unterfahrjustierers.

Fig. 1 shows in perspective view a modular building 10, which consists of a plurality of individual modules. The building 10 overall represents a typical sanitary station. It consists inter alia of a first module 12 and an adjacent second module 14, which is of the same design and size as the first module 12. In addition to these modules, a plurality of further modules is arranged, including the third module 16 and the adjacent fourth module 18th The modules 16 and 18 are larger than the modules 12 and 14 so that they could accommodate the smaller modules during transport.

Fig. 2 shows in perspective a step in the construction of modules. A first module 12 is placed next to a second module 14. For this purpose, the first module 12 is placed on the undercarriage adjuster 20. It therefore does not have to support itself against the ground. The second module 14, however, is already spent in its final position and is supported with the supports 22a and 22b against the ground. The individual modules can perform coordinated functions and have various expedient elements. For example, openings may be provided between modules, so that only selected modules must have a door 24.

Fig. 3 shows in a schematic view from above in a situation of construction, the situation Fig. 2 essentially corresponds. In this case, the first module 12 is moved toward the second module 14. The second module 14 is drawn on supports 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d standing. (These supports can also be positioned completely in the corners, for example if they are provided as drop supports on the module frame.) So it occupies a fixed position relative to the ground. The first module 12 still stands on the undercarriage adjuster 20. This undercarriage adjuster 20 has a non-visible rolling frame 30, which is supported by rollers 26. The rolling frame 30 has a plurality of rolling plates 28, which bear against the rollers 26 and offer a slightly casual rolling surface. Therefore, it is possible to move the first module 12 with little force and without movement of the Unterfahrjustierers 20 against the ground in the direction B to the second module 14 back. The modules can be brought into an exact end position and can be easily connected with suitable connecting means.

Fig. 4 shows in a schematic cross-sectional view of a suitable construction of a rolling frame 30. This rolling frame 30 has individual rolling plates 28. The rolling plates 28 run on balls 26. The balls 26 in turn are supported by the chassis member 32 of the rolling frame 30. The run of the balls 26 relative to the rolling plates 28 is limited by edges 34. Such edges 34 or similar mechanical rolling limiters prevent slipping of the rolling frame 30 from the undercarriage adjuster 20.

Fig. 5 shows appropriate connection means for two adjacent modules. The module walls 36 each have bolt passages 38. In view A, a portion of a module wall 36 is shown, which to a may belong to the first module 12. In view B, a portion of a module wall 36 is shown, which may belong to a second module 14. The distance of the module walls 36 can be regulated by spacer plates 40. (Instead of the spacer plates, an advantageous outer contour of the module walls can also be used.) In individual cases, the use of inflatable seals is also an option, also for connecting modules to other elements, eg connecting passages.) These are placed on bolt passages 42. As shown in the views C and D, 36 seals 44 may be provided between the module walls, the contact pressure can be suitably predetermined by the spacer plates 40. For the connection of the corresponding prepared module walls 36 provides a bolt 46 together with its nut 48. The following steps of the structure are illustrated in the views C and D, wherein the view D the finished connection of two adjacent module walls 36 by a bolt 46 and its nut 48 shows.

Fig. 6 shows in schematic view that the modular building 10 can also be built well on uneven terrain with the aid of the present method. According to the method, individual modules, shown here as a series of modules 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D and 12E, can be easily constructed side by side. Since the modules are constructed one after the other and exact adjustment with the undercarriage adjuster 20 is possible, a uniform floor level can be created. This is particularly useful when doors or passages exist between the modules. The supports of the modules can, depending on requirements, precisely determine the adequate height of the module part above the bottom piece on which the support is supported. The supports can also be placed right at the edges of the modules. Adjacent modules that are connected to neighboring modules can also be supported by only two supports.

Fig. 7 shows that the undercarriage adjuster 20 according to the invention is designed so that it can also be conveniently brought to the place of delivery in a container 50 or module. The container 50 has a standard width and is equipped with ordinary doors 50a and 50b. In particular, because the undercarriage adjuster 20 has a relatively narrow track, it can be easily transported in such a container 50.

Fig. 8 shows how modules can be used not only for transporting the undercarriage adjuster 20, but how a module of the first, smaller type can be transported into a module of larger dimensions. The module with larger dimensions is shown here as a container 50. As already explained, such a container 50, usually an ISO container, can later also be used as a module in the modular building 10. For transport purposes, however, the container 50 may receive a first module 12. This can be pushed completely along an insertion and Ausschubrichtung in the container 50. By a container support 54, the container 50 can be brought to a height from which the transfer to the undercarriage adjuster 20 is easily possible. (The container support 54 may be a conventional clip-on container support, it is advantageous to use a hydraulically driven container support. (Thus, the container can be easily raised, because the construction of the modular building should be such that no cranes required A very expedient concept in the context of the invention is that such hydraulically driven container supports can also be operated with the help of the hydraulic devices of the undercarriage adjuster.

Incidentally, the undercarriage adjuster 20 can accommodate modules of any practically relevant height. By appropriate height adjustments, typically the rolling frame 30, the first module 12 without Overcoming a height difference on the undercarriage adjuster 20 are taken over. Of interest in transporting from a first module 12 into a container 50 is that wall openings 56 of the module may be provided to receive inwardly projecting components of the container 50. The container 50 has, for example, an inwardly projecting air conditioning element 58. (The modules for the modular building according to this invention may have wall openings that are closed during transport with partition walls.) Closing such wall openings with partition walls to the connection with neighboring modules ensures that no dirt can penetrate into the modules Individual case also be skillfully used within the module, for example as a table element.)

In the context of the present invention, the method for constructing a modular building may also include the step of removing a first module from a second module. In this context, it is particularly possible that the first module is provided with unloading aids in the course of this method step. Such unloading aids include two heavy-duty balls which may be inserted at one end of the module to support it against the ground and make it easier to push. Such devices may also include a frame with two balls, which are tiltably mounted on a pendulum axis.

Fig. 9 shows in perspective view the essential elements of a suitable Unterfahrjustierers 20. This has a rolling frame 30, which can support modules. This rolling frame 30 rests on the chassis frame 60. The chassis frame 60 is supported by the front axle 62 and by the rear axle 64. The undercarriage adjuster 20 has four wheels, including the highly visible wheels 66a and 66b. (Behind the wheel 66b is a telescope support recognizable, which as a hydraulic support of first set of struts can support the chassis 62 against the ground.)

The undercarriage adjuster 20 has stiffening struts to increase its stability, namely the stiffening strut 68a and the stiffening strut 68b. These are approximately V-shaped. This course leads to the fact that above the stiffening strut 68, but below the chassis frame 60, in each case one unit can be accommodated. Over the stiffening strut 68b, the diesel engine (70b) is placed. The undercarriage adjuster 20 is further equipped with a second diesel engine (70a).

Fig. 10 shows in a perspective view of a steerable axle, as it can serve as a front axle 62 for a undercarriage adjuster 20. This axle has a first wheel 66a and a second wheel 66c. As can be seen on the wheel 66c, the axle is steerable. Serves, based on the wheel 66c, the steering cylinder 72. Schematically illustrated is a connecting pin 74, with which the axle can be attached to the chassis. It is therefore a pendulum axle.

Overall, it can be seen how a functional and lightweight modular building can be produced despite the contradictory optimization tasks described above.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

modular building

12

first module

14

second module

16

third module

18

fourth module

20

Unterfahrjustierer

22

support

24

door

26

role

28

roll plate

30

roll frame

32

chassis element

34

Edge (roll limiter)

36

module wall

38

Bolt Through

40

spacer plate

42

bolt guide

44

poetry

46

bolt

48

mother

50

Container

52

door

54

Support (container)

56

wall opening

58

air conditioning

60

chassis frame

62

Front

64

rear axle

66

wheel

68

Versteifungsstrebe

70

engine

72

steering cylinder

74

connecting bolts

H

horizontal

B

movement direction

s

displacement distance

Claims (15)

A method of constructing a modular building (10) having at least one first module (12) on a floor, comprising the steps of: Providing a first module (12) at a location in the vicinity of a place of installation, Placing the first module (12) on a undercarriage adjuster (20) at the place of supply, Bringing the first module (12) with the undercarriage adjuster (20) to the place of installation, Adjusting the height of the first module (12) above the ground at the place of installation by means of the undercarriage adjuster (20), the latter having a rolling frame (30), Adjusting the horizontal position of the first module (12) above the ground by displacing a rolling frame (30) relative to the undercarriage adjuster (20), - extension of supports (22) for fixing the horizontal and vertical position of the first module (12), - Remove the undercarriage adjuster (20). The method of claim 1, wherein the modular building (10) comprises a first module (12) and a second module (14), the method comprising the further steps of: Providing a second module (14), Placing the second module (14) on a undercarriage adjuster (20), Bringing the second module (14) with the undercarriage adjuster (20) to the installation site, - Adjusting the height of the second module (14) above the ground at the installation by means of Unterfahrjustierers (20), which has a rolling frame (30) Adjusting the horizontal position of the second module (14) above the ground by displacing a rolling frame (30) relative to the undercarriage adjuster (20), - Extending supports (22) for fixing the horizontal and vertical position of the second module (14), - Removing the undercarriage adjuster (20) Method according to Claim 2, in which both modules are connected to one another at the place of installation by connecting means. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first module (12) is different in its construction from the second module (14). A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the first module (12) is a lightweight construction module consisting at least in part of aluminum composite panels or GRP panels. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the second module (14) is an ISO container. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein prior to providing the first module (12), the module or modules are brought to the delivery location with a transport vehicle (other than the undercarriage adjuster (20)). Method according to the preceding claim, in which the second module (14) can receive the first module (12) for transport to the place of provision. Method in which the first module (12) in at least one module wall has a recess and in which components which protrude into the interior of the second module (14) can be accommodated in this recess. Method in which the rolling frame on the undercarriage adjuster (20) on rollers (26) is displaceable. Kit for a modular building comprising at least a first module (12) and a Unterfahrjustierer (20), wherein the Unterfahrjustierer (20) can drive under the first module (12) and the first module (12) while a certain distance on a ground and further, the height of the first module (12) may vary from the ground, wherein the undercarriage adjuster (20) further comprises a rolling frame (30) which permits shifting of the first module (12) on the undercarriage adjuster (20) , A kit for a modular building according to the preceding claim, wherein the first module (12) comprises drop supports. Kit for a modular building according to claim 11 or 12, which in addition to the first module (12) still at least a second module (14), which is of a different type than the first module (12). Kit for a modular building according to one of claims 11 to 13, in which the rolling frame (30) of the undercarriage adjuster (20) is displaceably mounted on rollers (26). Kit for a modular building according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the rolling frame (30) is hydraulically height adjustable.

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