EP2679737B1 - Construction element for heat insulation - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a component for thermal insulation according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

The document EP-A 1 564 336 discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

In the prior art, various embodiments of components for thermal insulation are known with different approaches to the introduction of forces, in particular of compressive forces in the supporting component, ie in particular a building ceiling or building wall. For example, several decades ago, compressive force transmission was performed using rod-shaped pressure reinforcing elements made of metal, which had terminal large-area metal welded pressure plates which projected into the adjacent components and were anchored there. Due to the size and position of these printing plates, the introduction of pressure from this compression force reinforcing element could be set in the building and thus prevented that it could lead to force or voltage peaks and thus damage the building, see for example DE-A-41 03 278 ,

The pressure force transmission and especially the introduction of pressure in the load-bearing component often required additional solutions, since the compressive force reinforcing elements alone could not always meet all requirements in terms of force and heat transfer to the same extent.

One solution here was to connect a separate pressure force distribution element to the front side of the compression force reinforcement element, which ensures that the pressure force can be transmitted over as large a surface as possible between the compression force reinforcement element and the adjacent component. In this case, designs have been proposed in which the compressive force reinforcing elements and the pressure force distribution elements are arranged to be movable relative to each other, as for example in the DE-A-40 09 987 is described where the pressure force reinforcing member consists of a metal rod, to the connect end-side sleeve-like pressure force distribution elements and the compression force reinforcement element and the two pressure force distribution elements are hinged together - at least after a provided for assembly purposes mutual position assurance has been eliminated.

As a result, the reinforcing elements, especially in terms of their thermal insulation properties have been further optimized, especially in recent years increasingly began to produce the compressive force reinforcement elements of non-metallic building materials and in particular high-strength concrete or mortar materials and they essentially in the area of the joint between the two adjacent components.

An example of this element for thermal insulation was, for example, in EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 described, wherein the pressure force reinforcing element made of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete and formed waisted in horizontal section, so that it had a comparatively large front side for the introduction of pressure and a slender as possible pressure transmitting central region to optimize the thermal insulation properties. Since the pressure force reinforcing element has a convexly curved contact profile facing the component with a curvature in a circular arc shape on its front side, an articulated movement of the compressive force reinforcing element relative to the adjacent component along the arcuate curved surface can be provided.

At the EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 known thermal insulation component are provided in the usual way in addition to the compression force reinforcement element transverse force rods, which initiates the lateral force on the side of the supporting member in the tie rod area and dissipates there. Thus, the forces to be absorbed by the load-bearing component are introduced at different height levels of the load-bearing component.

Some years later it was suggested that this from the EP-A 1 225 282 or EP-A 1 225 283 Known compression force reinforcement element with convexly curved end faces thereby making it usable for receiving and transmitting other forces that it has a greater height and at the height of the upper and Lower edge in the extension extending projections, which protrude in the direction of the load-bearing components, see EP-A 1 564 336 , As a result, the combination of the conventional compressive force reinforcement element with a conventional lateral force element should take place in a common element, so that transmitted by the new combined reinforcement element and transverse forces and shear forces and the known additional transverse force rods could be omitted.

Although the subject of the EP-A 1 564 336 based on the shape of in EP-A 1 225 282 and EP-A 1 225 283 described on a force applied to the component facing in the horizontal section arcuate convex curved contact profile, from an articulated movement of the Druckkraftbewehrungselements relative to the adjacent component along the arcuately curved surface is the EP-A 1 564 336 but nothing to be found. Such an articulated connection would not be possible there because of the projection, since this has the same arcuate curvature, but a greater distance to the pivot point. Due to this offset of the circular arcuate surfaces in the horizontal direction of the surface portion of the projection would have to pivot on a larger circular path than the remaining portion of the contact profile, so that the pivot radius could not correspond to the radius of curvature of the projection and thereby block the protrusion surrounding concrete of the adjacent concrete component this pivotal movement would, which inevitably leads to torsions.

So it is not surprising that the use of such compressive force reinforcing elements in practice leads to structural damage by the concrete components adjacent to the compressive force reinforcing elements flake off in the region of said protrusions. This was done especially on the balcony side, ie on the side of the protruding component, where in the printing elements in each case the projection for transverse force absorption on the underside of the pressure element must be arranged and then there has only a small concrete coverage of about 15 mm, which due to the geometrical installation situation made impossible pivotal movements of the pressure element and the torsional forces occurring can not withstand.

On this basis, the present invention seeks to provide a device of the type mentioned above, which is optimized in terms of geometric installation conditions and thus avoids the damage occurring in the device with the above-described pressure element destruction.

This object is achieved by a device for thermal insulation with the features of claim 1.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of subclaims, the wording of which is hereby included by express reference in the description in order to avoid unnecessary text repetitions.

According to the invention, the curvature of the transverse force projection in the installed state in horizontal section is approximately circular arc-shaped with a circular arc radius which is greater than the arc radius of the curvature of the contact profiles, wherein also to form a hinge connection with the components of the center of the arc radius of the curvature of the transverse force projection substantially the center the arc radius of the curvature of the contact profiles corresponds.

The present invention is therefore based on the finding that the movement of the desired joint connection consists of a pivoting movement about a pivot point, which lies substantially in the region of the center of the arc radius of the curvature of the contact profiles. Now, if the entire pressure element is to provide a hinged connection to the adjacent concrete component, it is important that it pivots over the entire height about the same center. This means that the pivot point in each height level of the compressive force reinforcement element must have at least substantially the same horizontal coordinates.

For this geometrical context, the invention has derived the further knowledge that this requirement of the same center also applies in the area of a possible lateral force projection and that then in addition the circular arc radius of the transverse force projection must be greater than the circular arc radius of the curvature of the contact profiles. It is essential that the Transverse force projection can move without collision over the entire pivoting range, wherein it bears in each case on the front side of the adjacent component and thereby transmits forces, but in the circular direction of the pivotal movement no power transmission, otherwise this would hinder the pivoting movement.

The easiest way to accomplish this is that the pressure force reinforcing elements project with their convex contact profiles and the convex transverse force projections relative to the insulating in the concrete components and at least indirectly act on the concrete of the adjacent component for transmitting power only in these convexly curved areas. If other areas with a shape deviating from the aforementioned convex curvature were also supported on the concrete, they would as a rule hinder the pivoting movement and thus again provoke damage or destruction as a result of the pivoting movement.

Another essential aspect of the present invention is that the compressive force reinforcing elements are designed for additional tensile force transmission so that the lateral force projection has at least one partial region forming an undercut for the adjacent component. This makes it possible in a particularly advantageous manner that the compressive force reinforcing element can also additionally transmit tensile forces by the adjacent component is supported in the region of the undercut in the direction of tensile force. Figuratively speaking, the component engages in the region of the undercut in or on the compression force reinforcing element and thereby also transmits movements and forces that are directed away from the pressure force reinforcing element, ie, acting in the pulling direction.

As a result, it can be prevented that the entirety of compression force reinforcing elements and adjacent components spreads when Zugkraftbeaufschlagung. This is especially true for the lower portion of the compression force reinforcement element and there especially on the side of the cantilevered component, eg the balcony: Usually, in such components for thermal insulation transverse force rods used, which also traverse this area and then provide a certain tensile force transmission, should at certain moments or Kraftbeaufschlagungen the connection between Compressive reinforcement element and adjacent component tend to spread. However, since compressive force reinforcing elements are used in the subject matter of the present invention, which also transmit lateral forces due to their horizontal projections, it is of course not intended that additional transverse force rods be used. And thus missing from these automatically supplied additional effect of the tensile force transmission in the area between compression force reinforcement element and adjacent component, so that without suitable countermeasures, the spreading described can occur unhindered. Of course, it would be possible to provide additional reinforcing bars or bar sections for this case at least in the stated critical range; but that would be associated with additional effort that you just wanted to prevent by the combined pressure force reinforcement element with shear force protrusions.

A particularly simple, yet very effective means for tensile reinforcement now consists in the described provision of undercuts in the region of the transverse force projections.

In this case, the undercut portion can be formed in that the adjacent component acts on the transverse force projection over a circular arc circumference which is greater than the circumference of the semicircle. In other words, in this case, the lateral force projection has the outer shape of a circle portion larger than a semicircle. If then the pressure force reinforcing elements project with their lateral force projection relative to the insulating body by a measure X in the concrete components, which is greater than the circular arc radius of the curvature of the transverse force projection, then the area of the component are formed, which laterally encompass the transverse force projection form fit and thereby form the desired undercuts ,

The protrusion of the transverse force projection relative to the insulating body by said dimension X can either lead to the insulating body over the entire height has a vertical constant course or it is also possible that the insulating body at the height level of the transverse force projection over the remaining vertical course of the Isolierkörperkante is reset and so only in this area, which is indeed responsible for the achievement of the undercut, the said measure X complies.

However, according to an alternative embodiment, the undercut region can also be formed by the transverse force projection having a depression in the region of its upper and / or lower side, wherein the depression expediently consists of a local reduction of the height of the transverse force projection. This recess is expediently located in an area which can be acted upon unhindered by the material of the component, namely in the region of the underside of the transverse force projection opposite the upper side of the compression force reinforcement element, when the transverse force projection is arranged in the upper portion of the compression force reinforcement element and in the region of the underside of the Compression force reinforcing member opposite top of the transverse force projection, when the transverse force projection is disposed in the lower portion of the compression force reinforcing member.

For force introduction / outflow, it is advantageous if the lateral force projection has an end face facing the associated components, which extends in the vertical direction to form a cylinder part lateral surface. As a result, a large-scale system between Druckkraftbewehrungselement and adjacent component is provided. However, it is also possible if the end face has a deviating from the cylindrical shape surface configuration such. a convex bulbous shape to form a spherical surface or a slightly inclined to the vertical configuration to form a truncated cone shape.

In a preferred embodiment, the transverse force projection in the region below or above the end face, ie in particular the cylinder part surface extends inclined to the vertical curved portion, the curvature in the installed state in the horizontal section is approximately circular arc-shaped with the height changing arc radius, respectively is smaller than the circular arc radius of the curvature of the cylinder part surface area and larger than the arc radius of the curvature of the contact profiles. In other words, this sub-area below or above the cylinder part shell surface forms a truncated cone part shell surface in the case of a rectilinearly inclined cross-section in the vertical direction or a partial shell surface with a curved cross-section in the vertical direction.

Figur 1a-d

ein Druckkraftbewehrungselement eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung in perspektivischer Seitenansicht (Fig. 1a), in stirnseitiger Vorderansicht (Fig. 1 b), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 1c) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 1d);

Figur 2 a-c

das Druckkraftbewehrungselement aus Fig. 1 im eingebauten Zustand in schematischer Darstellung in perspektivischer Seitenansicht (Fig. 2a), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 2b) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 2c);

Figur 3 a-d

ein Druckkraftbewehrungselement eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßes Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung in perspektivischer Seitenansicht (Fig. 3a), in stirnseitiger Vorderansicht (Fig. 3b), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 3c) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 3d);

Figur 4 a-d

ein Druckkraftbewehrungselement eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßes Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung in perspektivischer Seitenansicht (Fig. 4a), in stirnseitiger Vorderansicht (Fig. 4b), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 4c) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 4d);

Figur 5 a-c

das Druckkraftbewehrungselement aus Fig. 4 im eingebauten Zu-stand in schematischer Darstellung in perspektivischer Seiten-ansicht (Fig. 5a), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 5b) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 5c);

Figur 6 a-d

ein Druckkraftbewehrungselement eines weiteren erfindungsgemäßes Bauelements zur Wärmedämmung in perspektivischer Seitenansicht (Fig. 6a), in stirnseitiger Vorderansicht (Fig. 6b), in Seitenansicht (Fig. 6c) und in Draufsicht (Fig. 6d).

Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing; show here

Figure 1a-d

a compression force reinforcing element of a component according to the invention for thermal insulation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 1a ), in frontal view ( Fig. 1 b) , in side view ( Fig. 1c ) and in plan view ( Fig. 1d );

Figure 2 ac

the compressive force reinforcement element Fig. 1 in the installed state in a schematic representation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 2a ), in side view ( Fig. 2b ) and in plan view ( Fig. 2c );

FIG. 3 ad

a compression force reinforcing element of a further element according to the invention for thermal insulation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 3a ), in frontal view ( Fig. 3b ), in side view ( Fig. 3c ) and in plan view ( Fig. 3d );

FIG. 4 ad

a compression force reinforcing element of a further element according to the invention for thermal insulation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 4a ), in frontal view ( Fig. 4b ), in side view ( Fig. 4c ) and in plan view ( Fig. 4d );

Figure 5 ac

the compressive force reinforcement element Fig. 4 in the installed state in a schematic representation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 5a ), in side view ( Fig. 5b ) and in plan view ( Fig. 5c );

Figure 6 ad

a compression force reinforcing element of a further element according to the invention for thermal insulation in a perspective side view ( Fig. 6a ), in frontal view ( Fig. 6b ), in side view ( Fig. 6c ) and in plan view ( Fig. 6d ).

FIGS. 1a-1d show a compression force reinforcement element 3 for a device according to the invention for thermal insulation 1, the in FIG. 2 is shown and between a (in Figure 2a, 2b, 2c right) supporting building component A and a (in Figure 2a, 2b, 2c left) cantilevered outer part B is installed. For this purpose, it has an insulating body 2 extending between the two components, as well as reinforcing bars in the form of compressive force reinforcing elements arranged transversely to the longitudinal extension of the insulating body 3 and tension rods, which are not shown for the sake of clarity in the drawing, but extend in the usual manner in the upper tension zone in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the insulating body. The embodiment of the component for thermal insulation 1 shown here intentionally dispenses with transverse force rods, as will be explained in detail later. The reinforcing elements project respectively from the insulating body 2 and are consequently anchored to the concrete of the respective adjacent component A, B.

While the tension bars (not shown) have a straight horizontal course and protrude far into the concrete components, the compressive force reinforcing elements 3 are only slightly protruding into the adjacent concrete components A, B with their curved end faces 4a facing the components (A, B). 4b. These end faces have in parts a convexly curved contact profile (5a, 5b), wherein the curvature of the contact profiles (5a, 5b) in the installed state in the horizontal section is approximately circular arc-shaped. The contact profiles are used for pressure force transmission between compression force reinforcement element and adjacent component and that in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2 is the contact profile 5a of the end face 4a on the supporting building component A and the contact profile 5b of the end face 4b on the projecting component, the balcony slab B.

The contact profiles 5a, 5b have the overall shape of a half-cylinder, as it is the FIGS. 1a and 1d is apparent. The circular arc shape of the contact profiles in horizontal section ensures that compressive force reinforcement element and adjacent components can move relative to each other articulated, as required for example in temperature-induced changes in length of the balcony slab opposite the building. Since the adjacent components are usually cast against the compressive force reinforcing elements, the shape of the adjacent component is exactly adapted to the shape of the contact profiles. Thus, an unhindered pivotal movement about a vertical pivot axis C, D (in plan view in FIG Fig. 1d indicated as a point) possible.

The compression force reinforcing elements 3 have on the end face 4a in an upper portion of a relative to the contact profile 5a in the direction of the component A horizontally further projecting convex transverse force projection 6a. As a result, the front side 4a essentially divides into the first partial region, which forms the contact profile 5a, and a second partial region arranged above it, which forms the transverse force projection 6a. On the opposite end face 4b, the division is reversed: In a lower portion of a relative to the contact profile 5b in the direction of the component B horizontally further convex convex transverse force projection 6b is provided above.

The curvature of the transverse force projections 6a, 6b is in the installed state in horizontal section approximately circular arc-shaped with a circular arc radius R, which is greater than the circular arc radius r of the curvature of the contact profiles. To form an articulated connection with the components A, B, the center point C, D of the circular arc radius R of the curvature of the transverse force projection 6a, 6b substantially corresponds to the center of the circular arc radius r of the curvature of the contact profiles 5a, 5b.

The lateral force projections 6a, 6b have a vertically extending end surface 8a, 8b, which has the shape of a cylinder jacket part surface. Starting from this cylinder jacket part surface, the transverse force projections 6a, 6b slowly into the contact sections 5a, 5b, where they have below or above the cylinder part surface inclined to the vertical extending horizontally curved portion 9a, 9b, the curvature in the installed state in horizontal section approximately circular arc is formed with about the height changing circular arc radius, which is smaller than the circular arc radius R of the curvature of the cylinder part surface area 8a, 8b and larger than the circular arc radius r of the curvature of the contact profiles 5a, 5b.

FIG. 2 shows now the Druckkraftbewehrungselement 3 in the built-in element 1 state, but only for better readability of the drawing: So not only - with the exception of the compressive force reinforcement element 3 - no further reinforcing elements, also no component-side connection reinforcement shown. In addition, the components A and B are only partially shown, which should be noted that the insulating body 2 extends in a gap left between component A and component B, in a conventional device over a length of 1 meter, while of course the two components one in contrast have greater length in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the insulating body. Likewise, in the schematic illustration omitted a sliding layer which covers the end faces 4a, 4b to improve the pivotal movement between the contact profile and component. This sliding layer is usually made of plastic and is part of a mold, which is used for the production of the compressive force reinforcement element and is installed together with Druckkraftwehrelement in the device 1.

The compressive force reinforcement element 3 extends between component A and component B over the entire height of the components and the insulating body 2 arranged therebetween. It protrudes in the region of the end faces 4a, 4b opposite the insulating body 2 into the components A, B, both in the area of Contact profiles 5a, 5b and in the region of the transverse force projections 6a, 6b. The pressure force reinforcing element is arranged opposite the insulating body so that the pivot axis or the center C, D lie in the plane of the components A, B facing end surfaces 2a, 2b of the insulating body. Only in the height range and on the side of the transverse force projections, the end faces 2a, 2b of the insulator 2 a stepped return 2c, 2d, through which the Druckkraftbewehrungselement with its transverse force projection 6a, 6b relative to the insulating body 2 by a measure X in the respective concrete component A, B protrudes larger than the circular arc radius R of the curvature of the lateral force projection 6a, 6b. This results in each case on each side of each transverse force projection 6a, 6b an undercut region 7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2, which ensures a tensile force transmission between compression force reinforcement element and component.

In the FIGS. 3a to 3d an alternative embodiment of a compressive force reinforcement element 13 is shown. If the subregions correspond to those of compression force reinforcing element 3, the same reference numerals are used, and these will not be described again to avoid repetition. While in the compressive force reinforcing member 3, the curved sub-portions 9a, 9b adjacent to the cylindrical sub-skirt surfaces 8a, 8b make a uniform transition between end faces 8a, 8b of the transverse force protrusions 6a, 6b, a depression 10a for forming the undercut in the region of the underside of the compressive force reinforcing member is provided in the compression force reinforcing member 13 13 opposite side of the transverse force projection 16a and a recess 10b for forming the undercut in the region of the underside 19b of the transverse force projection 16b opposite the upper side of the compression force reinforcing element 13. The depression 10a, 10b consists of a circumferential groove around the contact profile, which follows on its outer side the circular arc of the end face 18a, 18b of the end face 18a, 18b and has a horizontal groove bottom. The region of the groove 10a, 10b is filled in the installed state with concrete of the respective adjacent component and thereby forms the undercut, which ensures the transmission of tensile force.

FIGS. 4a-4d show an alternative compressive force reinforcement element 23, which essentially corresponds to the compression force reinforcing element 3 with the only difference that not two, but four lateral force projections 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d are provided, namely at each end face 4a, 4b two, ie in the upper and lower subarea. As a result, the compression force reinforcement element on the one hand can be used without preferential installation orientation, whereby installation errors are avoided. On the other hand, this can cover additional applications in which a symmetrical lateral force transmission is required.

FIGS. 5a-5c show the pressure force reinforcing element 23 in the installed state as shown in the FIGS. 2a-2c ,

Figures 6a - 6d show an alternative compressive force reinforcement element 33, which essentially corresponds to the compressive force reinforcement element 13 with the only difference that not two, but four lateral force projections 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d are provided, namely at each end face 4a, 4b two, ie in the upper and lower subarea.

In summary, the present invention has the advantage of preventing damage to the components by simple means. In addition, the power transmission and the function over a long life are improved.

Claims (11)

1. Structural element for thermal insulation between two structural components, especially between a building (A) and a projecting exterior part (B), the structural element consisting of an insulator body (2), which is to be arranged between the two structural components, and reinforcing elements in the form of at least compressive force reinforcing elements (3, 13, 23, 33) which in the installed state of the structural element (1, 11, 21, 31) pass through the insulator body substantially horizontally and transversely with respect to the substantially horizontal longitudinal extent of the insulator body and which are each at least indirectly joinable to both structural components,
   wherein to form an articulated connection with the structural components the compressive force reinforcing elements have a convexly curved contact profile (5a, 5b) on their end faces (4a, 4b) that face the structural components (A, B), at least in sub-regions thereof, the curvature of the contact profiles (5a, 5b) in the installed state being approximately circular-arc-shaped in horizontal section, and wherein the compressive force reinforcing elements (3, 13, 23, 33) have in an upper and/or lower sub-region of their end faces (4a, 4b) that face the structural components (A, B) a convexly curved transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) which projects horizontally further in the direction of the structural component (A, B) with respect to the contact profile (5a, 5b),
   characterised in that
   the curvature of the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) in the installed state is approximately circular-arc-shaped in horizontal section, with a circular-arc radius (R) that is greater than the circular-arc radius (r) of the curvature of the contact profiles (5a, 5b), and to form the articulated connection with the structural components (A, B) the centre point (C, D) of the circular-arc radius (R) of the curvature of the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) in horizontal section corresponds substantially to the centre point (C, D) of the circular-arc radius (r) of the curvature of the contact profiles (5a, 5b), so that those centre points have substantially the same horizontal co-ordinates.
2. Structural element according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   for additional tensile force transmission the compressive force reinforcing elements (3, 13, 23, 33) are constructed in such a way that the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) has at least one sub-region forming an undercut (7a1, 7a2, 7b1, 7b2) for the adjacent structural component (A, B).
3. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the compressive force reinforcing elements (3, 13, 23, 33), with their convexly curved contact profiles (5a, 5b) and the transverse force projections (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b), project into the concrete structural components with respect to the insulator body (2).
4. Structural element according to at least claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the undercut sub-region is formed as a result of the adjacent structural component acting on the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) over a length of circular arc that is greater than the length of the semi-circle.
5. Structural element according to at least claim 4,
   characterised in that
   the compressive force reinforcing elements (3, 13, 23, 33), with their transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b), project into the concrete structural components with respect to the insulator body (2c, 2d) by an amount X that is greater than the circular-arc radius (R) of the curvature of the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b).
6. Structural element according to at least claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the undercut sub-region is formed as a result of the transverse force projection (16a, 16b, 36a, 36b) having a depression in the region of its upper side and/or underside (19a, 19b).
7. Structural element according to at least claim 6,
   characterised in that
   the depression (19a, 19b, 39a, 39b) consists of a local reduction in the height of the transverse force projection (16a, 16b, 36a, 36b).
8. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) is constructed in such a way in the region of its upper side and/or underside that the upper side and/or underside consists of an extension of the upper side and/or underside of the compressive force reinforcing element (3, 13, 23, 33).
9. Structural element according to at least one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 36a, 36b) has an end face (8a, 8b, 18a, 18b, 28a, 28b, 38a, 38b) that faces the associated structural component (A, B), which end face extends in the vertical direction to form a part-cylindrical wall surface.
10. Structural element according to at least claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the transverse force projection (6a, 6b, 26a, 26b) has in the region below or above the part-cylindrical wall surface (8a, 8b, 28a, 28b) a horizontally curved sub-region (9a, 9b, 29a, 29b) that is inclined with respect to the vertical, the curvature of which in the installed state is approximately circular-arc-shaped in horizontal section, with a circular-arc radius which varies over the height and is in each case smaller than the circular-arc radius (R) of the curvature of the part-cylindrical wall surface (8a, 8b, 28a, 28b) and greater than the circular-arc radius (r) of the curvature of the contact profiles (5a, 5b).
11. Structural element according to at least claim 6,
    characterised in that
    the depression (19a, 19b, 39a, 39b) for forming the undercut is arranged in the region of the underside of the transverse force projection (16a, 16b, 36a, 36b) located opposite the upper side of the compressive force reinforcing element (3, 23) and/or in the region of the upper side of the transverse force projection (16a, 16b, 36a, 36b) located opposite the underside of the compressive force reinforcing element.

Images