EP2603686B1 - Piston for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Piston for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2603686B1
EP2603686B1 EP11787584.9A EP11787584A EP2603686B1 EP 2603686 B1 EP2603686 B1 EP 2603686B1 EP 11787584 A EP11787584 A EP 11787584A EP 2603686 B1 EP2603686 B1 EP 2603686B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
collar
face surface
radially
ring rib
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
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EP11787584.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2603686A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Keller
Rainer Scharp
Michael Ullrich
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Mahle International GmbH
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Mahle International GmbH
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Publication of EP2603686A1 publication Critical patent/EP2603686A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to pistons for an internal combustion engine with an upper part, whose upper side forms the piston crown, with a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, pointing downwards in kolbenêtabgewandte direction, circumferential collar, on the radial outer side of a Verdichtungsringnut is arranged, with one on the underside the upper part arranged radially inside the collar, circumferential annular rib, wherein the axial length of the collar is smaller than the distance of the lower end face of the annular rib from the piston head, with a lower part, which has radially outwardly an upwardly facing, circumferential wall, in the radial outer side Ring grooves are formed, and whose upper end face has the same radial distance from the piston axis as the lower end face of the collar, with an integrally formed on the lower part, upwardly facing, circumferential and radially disposed within the wall pad, the upper end face of the piston axis the has the same distance as the lower end face
  • a piston of the type mentioned is from the PCT application WO 02/33291 known.
  • This piston has a near the bottom of the cooling chamber and the cooling channel arranged oil passage which connects the cooling chamber with the cooling channel, and in particular in the cooling chamber prevents the formation of ⁇ iesammiung and thus deteriorates the cooling of the thermally highly loaded piston crown, because the oil in the refrigerator can flow back into the cooling channel via the oil passage, and only then oil flows from the cooling passage into the cooling space when the oil level of the oil in the cooling passage is higher than the level of the oil in the cooling space. This also obstructs the flow of oil from the cooling channel through the cooling chamber to the oil drain opening, which reduces the flow of cool oil and thus leads to a further deterioration of the cooling of the piston crown.
  • a similar piston is out WO2010 / 075959 known.
  • Object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage of the prior art, and to improve the cooling of the thermally high-stress piston crown.
  • This object is achieved in that evenly distributed over the circumference, radially disposed bores are introduced into the annular rib, which connect the cooling channel with the cooling space, which are spaced from the lower end face of the annular rib insofar as between the holes and the end face of the annular rib there is sufficient space for a weld bead formed during friction welding and axially spaced from a plane defined by the lower end surface of the collar, the web having an upwardly tapered shape, and at least one oil inlet opening disposed between the cooling passage and the piston inner space ,
  • the spaced-apart from the bottom of the cooling chamber position of the bores between the cooling channel and the cooling space and the upwardly tapered shape of the web, which forms the lower boundary of the refrigerator, in the radially outer region of the refrigerator allows the formation of an accumulation of oil in the fast Float movements of the piston in engine operation to a good cooling of the thermally highly loaded piston crown leads by the oil of the oil accumulation in At regular intervals on the underside of the piston crown is thrown. (Shaker effect) Furthermore, when the level of the oil in the cooling channel reaches the holes between the cooling channel and the cooling chamber, oil is passed from the cooling channel through the holes in the cooling chamber, which improves the oil flow and thus the cooling of the highly thermally stressed piston crown.
  • the opening of the web is closed by an upwardly curved disc with a centrally located opening which is connected via a latching connection with the web, whereby the assembly of the piston is facilitated.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a consisting of an upper part 1 and a lower part 2 piston 3 for an internal combustion engine in section, wherein the sectional images each consist of two halves.
  • the left halves of the sectional images lie on the pin bore axis 4, whereas the right halves of the sectional images are perpendicular to the pin bore axis 4.
  • the upper part 1 made of steel has on its upper side a piston bottom 5 with a combustion bowl 6.
  • a circumferential, downwardly facing collar 7 is formed, which defines a circumferential recess 8 radially outward, in the finished piston 3 according to Fig. 2 forms the upper part of a radially outwardly and in piston crown near circumferential cooling channel 9.
  • the collar 7 On its radial outer side, the collar 7 provides space for a top land 10 and a compression ring groove 11.
  • the upper part 1 on its side facing away from the piston bottom 5 a circumferential annular rib 12, which forms the radially inner boundary of the upper part of the cooling channel 9 and the radially outer boundary of the upper part 13 of a centrally located cooling chamber 14.
  • radially bores 15 are introduced, which in the assembled piston 3 according to Fig. 2 connect the cooling channel 9 with the cooling space 14.
  • the piston 3 has four holes 15. These holes 15 may have the inwardly and outwardly flared shape of a mold bore.
  • the holes 15 can be easily introduced from the outside radially into the annular rib 12 before assembly of the piston 3, the axial length "a" of the collar 7 is smaller by a degree than the distance "b" of the lower end face 16 of the annular rib 12 of Piston bottom 5, which is composed of the diameter "d” of the holes 15, a distance "s” of the holes 15 from the lower end face 16 of the annular rib 12 and an axial distance “c” of the holes 15 from the lower end face 17 of the collar 7 , In this case, the distance "c" should ensure that the drill has sufficient space when introducing the holes 15 relative to the collar 7.
  • the distance "s" of the bores 15 from the lower end surface 16 of the annular rib 12 corresponds to the axial dimension of the welding bead 18, which forms when the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 are joined together by friction welding.
  • the also made of steel lower part 2 of the piston 3 consists of a bottom member 19, on the piston bottom facing upper side radially outwardly a circumferential wall 20 is arranged, in the radially outer annular grooves 21, 22 are formed.
  • the upper end face 23 of the wall 20 has the same distance from the piston axis 24 as the lower end face 17 of the collar 7, so that the end faces 7 and 23 form friction welding surfaces during welding of the upper part 1 to the lower part 2.
  • the wall 20 is adjoined by a peripheral support 25 which is at the same distance from the piston axis 24 as the annular rib 12 and whose upper end surface 26 has an axial distance from the plane formed by the end face 23 of the wall 20 corresponds to the dimension (c + d + s), to which the distance "a" of the end face 17 of the collar 7 from the piston head 5 is less than the distance "b" of the end face 16 of the annular rib 12 from the piston head 5. It follows that when welding the upper part 1 with the lower part 2, not only the end faces 17 and 23 but also the end faces 16 and 26 Reibsch do lake form.
  • a circumferential recess 27 is formed in the bottom member 19, which in the assembled piston 3 according to Fig. 2 the lower part of the cooling channel 9 forms.
  • the bottom member 9 Radially within the support 25, the bottom member 9 is formed as a circumferential, upwardly tapered web 28 having a centrally located, circular opening 29, wherein the region 38 formed between the web 28 and the support 25 as a circumferential and upwardly open channel is.
  • the cooling space 14 is bounded at the top by the piston head 5, radially outwardly by the annular rib 12 and by the support 25 and at the bottom by the web 28.
  • the edge 32 of the opening 29 of the web 28 in the form of a radially inwardly open "V", which makes it possible, a cup-shaped, upwardly curved disc 30 having a central opening 31, with an outer dimension corresponding to the inner dimension of the opening 29, and with a radial outer edge which is complementary to the edge 32 of the opening 29 is formed to be secured by means of a latching connection in the opening 29.
  • the edge of the disc 30 identifies the required compliance, radial slots 33 are incorporated into the edge, where between the edge of the disc 30 is formed in the form of elastically resilient metal tabs. This makes it possible to press the disc 30 from below into the opening 29 of the web 28 after the completion of the piston 3 and to fix it via the resulting latching connection.
  • the cooling passage 9 is connected to the piston interior 35. Furthermore, 19 are two on the underside of the bottom element opposite shaft elements 36, 36 'are arranged, which are connected to each other via two mutually opposite pin bosses 37, 37', each with a pin bore 39, 39 '.
  • cooling oil is introduced into the cooling channel 9 via the oil inlet opening 34, which due to the rapid reciprocating movements of the piston 3 to the underside of the radially outer region of the piston crown 5 and the part of the formed by the wall 20 and the collar 7 Piston 3 is thrown and here it has a cooling effect.
  • (Shaker effect) A portion of the oil passes through the holes 15 in the cooling chamber 14, wherein in the radially outer portion 38 of the cooling chamber 14 an accumulation of oil forms, which remains because of the spaced from the bottom member 19 position of the bore 15 in the cooling space 14, to the Bottom of the piston head 5 is thrown in the region of the thermally highly loaded combustion bowl 6 and here cooling acts. A portion of this oil then passes through the opening 31 of the disc 30 in the piston interior 35th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Oberteil, dessen Oberseite den Kolbenboden bildet, mit einem radial außen an den Kolbenboden angeformten, nach unten in kolbenbodenabgewandte Richtung weisenden, umlaufenden Kragen, auf dessen radialer Außenseite eine Verdichtungsringnut angeordnet ist, mit einer auf der Unterseite des Oberteils radial innerhalb des Kragens angeordneten, umlaufenden Ringrippe, wobei die axiale Länge des Kragens kleiner ist als der Abstand der unteren Stirnfläche der Ringrippe vom Kolbenboden, mit einem Unterteil, das radial außen eine nach oben weisende, umlaufende Wand aufweist, in deren radialer Außenseite Ringnuten eingeformt sind, und dessen obere Stirnfläche den gleichen radialen Abstand von der Kolbenachse aufweist wie die untere Stirnfläche des Kragens, mit einer am Unterteil angeformten, nach oben weisenden, umlaufenden und radial innerhalb der Wand angeordneten Auflage, deren obere Stirnfläche von der Kolbenachse den gleichen Abstand hat wie die untere Stirnfläche der Ringrippe, und deren obere Stirnfläche von der durch die Stirnfläche der Wand definierten Ebene einen axialen Abstand aufweist, der der Differenz zwischen dem Abstand der unteren Stirnfläche der Ringrippe vom Kolbenboden und der Länge des Kragens entspricht, sodass beim Verbinden des Oberteils mit dem Unterteil mittels des Reibschweißverfahrens die Stirnflächen der Ringrippe, des Kragens, der Wand und der Auflage Reibschweißflächen bilden, wobei sich ein radial außen vom Kragen und von der Wand und radial innen von der Ringrippe und von der Auflage begrenzter, geschlossener, ringförmiger Kühlkanal ergibt, wobei der Bereich zwischen der Auflage von einem Steg mit einer mittige liegenden Öffnung gebildet wird, der die untere Begrenzung eines mittig liegenden Kühlraums bildet, wobei der Kühlraum oben vom Kolbenboden und radial außen von der Auflage und von der Ringrippe begrenzt wird, und wobei auf der Unterseite des Unterteils zwei einander gegenüberliegende Schaftelemente angeordnet sind, die mittels zweier einander gegenüberliegender Bolzennaben mit je einer Bolzenbohrung miteinander verbunden sind.The invention relates to pistons for an internal combustion engine with an upper part, whose upper side forms the piston crown, with a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, pointing downwards in kolbenbodenabgewandte direction, circumferential collar, on the radial outer side of a Verdichtungsringnut is arranged, with one on the underside the upper part arranged radially inside the collar, circumferential annular rib, wherein the axial length of the collar is smaller than the distance of the lower end face of the annular rib from the piston head, with a lower part, which has radially outwardly an upwardly facing, circumferential wall, in the radial outer side Ring grooves are formed, and whose upper end face has the same radial distance from the piston axis as the lower end face of the collar, with an integrally formed on the lower part, upwardly facing, circumferential and radially disposed within the wall pad, the upper end face of the piston axis the has the same distance as the lower end face of the annular rib, and whose upper end face of the plane defined by the end face of the wall has an axial distance corresponding to the difference between the distance of the lower end face of the annular rib from the piston head and the length of the collar, so that at Connecting the upper part to the lower part by means of the friction welding process, the end faces of the annular rib, the collar, the wall and the support Reibschweißflächen form, with a radially outwardly of the collar and of the wall and radially inwardly of the annular rib and the support more limited, closed, annular cooling channel results, wherein the area between the support is formed by a web having a central opening which forms the lower boundary of a central cooling chamber, wherein the cooling space is bounded at the top by the piston head and radially outwardly by the support and by the annular rib, and being on the bottom of the Unt Partially two opposing shaft elements are arranged, which are interconnected by means of two mutually opposite pin bosses, each with a pin bore.

Ein Kolben der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der PCT-Anmeldung WO 02/33291 bekannt. Dieser Kolben weist einen nahe dem Boden des Kühlraums und des Kühlkanals angeordneten Ölkanal auf, der den Kühlraum mit dem Kühlkanal verbindet, und der insbesondere im Kühlraum die Bildung einer öiansammiung verhindert und damit die Kühlung des thermisch hochbelasteten Kolbenbodens verschlechtert, weil das im Kühlraum befindliche Öl über den Ölkanal in den Kühlkanal zurückfließen kann, und nur dann Öl vom Kühlkanal in den Kühlraum fließt, wenn der Ölpegel des sich im Kühlkanal befindlichen Öls höher ist als der Pegel des sich im Kühlraum befindlichen Öls. Hierdurch wird zudem der Öldurchfluss vom Kühlkanal über den Kühlraum zur Ölabflussöffnung behindert, was den Nachfluss von kühlem Öl reduziert und damit zu einer weiteren Verschlechterung der Kühlung des Kolbenbodens führt.A piston of the type mentioned is from the PCT application WO 02/33291 known. This piston has a near the bottom of the cooling chamber and the cooling channel arranged oil passage which connects the cooling chamber with the cooling channel, and in particular in the cooling chamber prevents the formation of Öiesammiung and thus deteriorates the cooling of the thermally highly loaded piston crown, because the oil in the refrigerator can flow back into the cooling channel via the oil passage, and only then oil flows from the cooling passage into the cooling space when the oil level of the oil in the cooling passage is higher than the level of the oil in the cooling space. This also obstructs the flow of oil from the cooling channel through the cooling chamber to the oil drain opening, which reduces the flow of cool oil and thus leads to a further deterioration of the cooling of the piston crown.

Ein ähnlicher Kolben ist aus WO2010/075959 bekannt. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, diesen Nachteil des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden, und die Kühlung des thermisch hoch belastenden Kolbenbodens zu verbessern.A similar piston is out WO2010 / 075959 known. Object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage of the prior art, and to improve the cooling of the thermally high-stress piston crown.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass in die Ringrippe gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilte, radial liegende Bohrungen eingebracht sind, die den Kühlkanal mit dem Kühlraum verbinden, die von der unteren Stirnfläche der Ringrippe insoweit beabstandet sind, dass zwischen den Bohrungen und der Stirnfläche der Ringrippe ausreichend Platz für eine beim Reibschweißen gebildete Schweißwulst bleibt, und die von einer von der unteren Stirnfläche des Kragens definierten Eben axial beabstandet sind, dass der Steg eine nach oben konisch zulaufende Form aufweist, und dass zwischen dem Kühlkanal und dem Kolbeninnenraum mindestens eine ÖlzulaufÖffnung angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that evenly distributed over the circumference, radially disposed bores are introduced into the annular rib, which connect the cooling channel with the cooling space, which are spaced from the lower end face of the annular rib insofar as between the holes and the end face of the annular rib there is sufficient space for a weld bead formed during friction welding and axially spaced from a plane defined by the lower end surface of the collar, the web having an upwardly tapered shape, and at least one oil inlet opening disposed between the cooling passage and the piston inner space ,

Hierbei ermöglicht die vom Boden des Kühlraums beabstandete Lage der Bohrungen zwischen dem Kühlkanal und dem Kühlraum und die nach oben konisch zulaufende Form des Steges, der die untere Begrenzung des Kühlraums bildet, im radial äußeren Bereich des Kühlraums die Bildung einer Ölansammlung, die bei den schnellen Hin- und Herbewegungen des Kolbens im Motorbetrieb zu einer guten Kühlung des thermisch hochbelasteten Kolbenbodens führt, indem das Öl der Ölansammlung in regelmäßigen Abständen auf die Unterseite des Kolbenbodens geschleudert wird. (Shakerwirkung) Weiterhin wird dann, wenn der Pegel des im Kühlkanal befindlichen Öls die Bohrungen zwischen Kühlkanal und Kühlraum erreicht, Öl vom Kühlkanal über die Bohrungen in den Kühlraum geleitet, was den Öldurchfluss und damit die Kühlung des thermisch hochbelasteten Kolbenbodens verbessert.Here, the spaced-apart from the bottom of the cooling chamber position of the bores between the cooling channel and the cooling space and the upwardly tapered shape of the web, which forms the lower boundary of the refrigerator, in the radially outer region of the refrigerator allows the formation of an accumulation of oil in the fast Float movements of the piston in engine operation to a good cooling of the thermally highly loaded piston crown leads by the oil of the oil accumulation in At regular intervals on the underside of the piston crown is thrown. (Shaker effect) Furthermore, when the level of the oil in the cooling channel reaches the holes between the cooling channel and the cooling chamber, oil is passed from the cooling channel through the holes in the cooling chamber, which improves the oil flow and thus the cooling of the highly thermally stressed piston crown.

Vorteilhaft ist es hierbei, wenn die Öffnung des Stegs von einer nach oben gewölbten Scheibe mit einer mittig liegenden Öffnung verschlossen wird, die über eine Rastverbindung mit dem Steg verbunden ist, wodurch die Montage des Kolbens erleichtert wird.It is advantageous here if the opening of the web is closed by an upwardly curved disc with a centrally located opening which is connected via a latching connection with the web, whereby the assembly of the piston is facilitated.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
das Oberteil und das Unterteil eines zweiteiligen Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor vor der Montage im Schnitt und
Fig. 2
ein aus zwei Hälften bestehenden Schnittbild des Kolbens, wobei die linke Hälfte einen Schnitt entlang der Bolzenbohrungsachse zeigt, und die rechte Hälfte einen Schnitt senkrecht zur Bolzenbohrungsachse zeigt.
An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Show it
Fig. 1
the upper part and the lower part of a two-piece piston for an internal combustion engine before mounting in section and
Fig. 2
a two-half sectional view of the piston, the left half showing a section along the pin bore axis and the right half showing a section perpendicular to the pin bore axis.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen einen aus einem Oberteil 1 und einem Unterteil 2 bestehenden Kolben 3 für einen Verbrennungsmotor im Schnitt, wobei die Schnittbilder jeweils aus zwei Hälften bestehen. Die linken Hälften der Schnittbilder liegen auf der Bolzenbohrungsachse 4, wohingegen die rechten Hälften der Schnittbilder senkrecht auf der Bolzenbohrungsachse 4 stehen. Fig. 1 and 2 show a consisting of an upper part 1 and a lower part 2 piston 3 for an internal combustion engine in section, wherein the sectional images each consist of two halves. The left halves of the sectional images lie on the pin bore axis 4, whereas the right halves of the sectional images are perpendicular to the pin bore axis 4.

Das aus Stahl bestehende Oberteil 1 weist auf seiner Oberseite einen Kolbenboden 5 mit einer Brennraummulde 6 auf. Radial außen ist an den Kolbenboden 5 ein umlaufender, nach unten weisender Kragen 7 angeformt, der eine umlaufende Ausnehmung 8 radial außen begrenzt, die beim fertigen Kolben 3 gemäß Fig. 2 den oberen Teil eines radial außen und in Kolbenbodennähe umlaufenden Kühlkanals 9 bildet. Auf seiner radialen Außenseite bietet der Kragen 7 Platz für einen Feuersteg 10 und eine Verdichtungsringnut 11.The upper part 1 made of steel has on its upper side a piston bottom 5 with a combustion bowl 6. Radially outwardly on the piston head 5, a circumferential, downwardly facing collar 7 is formed, which defines a circumferential recess 8 radially outward, in the finished piston 3 according to Fig. 2 forms the upper part of a radially outwardly and in piston crown near circumferential cooling channel 9. On its radial outer side, the collar 7 provides space for a top land 10 and a compression ring groove 11.

Weiterhin weist das Oberteil 1 auf seiner dem Kolbenboden 5 abgewandten Unterseite eine umlaufende Ringrippe 12 auf, die die radial innere Begrenzung des Oberteils des Kühlkanals 9 und die radial äußere Begrenzung des Oberteils 13 eines mittig liegenden Kühlraums 14 bildet. In die Ringrippe 12 sind gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilte, radial liegende Bohrungen 15 eingebracht, die beim fertig montierten Kolben 3 gemäß Fig. 2 den Kühlkanal 9 mit dem Kühlraum 14 verbinden. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Kolben 3 vier Bohrungen 15 auf. Diese Bohrungen 15 können die nach innen und nach außen sich erweiternde Form einer Formbohrung aufweisen.Furthermore, the upper part 1 on its side facing away from the piston bottom 5 a circumferential annular rib 12, which forms the radially inner boundary of the upper part of the cooling channel 9 and the radially outer boundary of the upper part 13 of a centrally located cooling chamber 14. In the annular rib 12 are uniformly distributed over the circumference, radially bores 15 are introduced, which in the assembled piston 3 according to Fig. 2 connect the cooling channel 9 with the cooling space 14. In the present embodiment, the piston 3 has four holes 15. These holes 15 may have the inwardly and outwardly flared shape of a mold bore.

Damit die Bohrungen 15 vor der Montage des Kolbens 3 problemlos von radial außen in die Ringrippe 12 eingebracht werden können, ist die axiale Länge "a" des Kragens 7 um ein Maß kleiner als der Abstand "b" der unteren Stirnfläche 16 der Ringrippe 12 vom Kolbenboden 5, das sich aus dem Durchmesser "d" der Bohrungen 15, einem Abstand "s" der Bohrungen 15 von der unteren Stirnfläche 16 der Ringrippe 12 und einem axialen Abstand "c" der Bohrungen 15 von der unteren Stirnfläche 17 des Kragens 7 zusammensetzt. Hierbei soll der Abstand "c" gewährleisten, dass die Bohrmaschine beim Einbringen der Bohrungen 15 gegenüber dem Kragen 7 ausreichend Platz hat. Der Abstand "s" der Bohrungen 15 von der unteren Stirnfläche 16 der Ringrippe 12 entspricht der axialen Abmessung der Schweißwulst 18, die sich bildet, wenn das Oberteil 1 und das Unterteil 2 durch Reibschweißen miteinander verbunden werden. Durch diesen Abstand "s" soll verhindert werden, dass der Schweißwulst 18 beim Verschweißen des Oberteils 1 mit dem Unterteil 2 in den Bereich der Bohrungen 15 gelangt und damit den Durchfluss des Kühlöls durch die Bohrungen 15 behindert.Thus, the holes 15 can be easily introduced from the outside radially into the annular rib 12 before assembly of the piston 3, the axial length "a" of the collar 7 is smaller by a degree than the distance "b" of the lower end face 16 of the annular rib 12 of Piston bottom 5, which is composed of the diameter "d" of the holes 15, a distance "s" of the holes 15 from the lower end face 16 of the annular rib 12 and an axial distance "c" of the holes 15 from the lower end face 17 of the collar 7 , In this case, the distance "c" should ensure that the drill has sufficient space when introducing the holes 15 relative to the collar 7. The distance "s" of the bores 15 from the lower end surface 16 of the annular rib 12 corresponds to the axial dimension of the welding bead 18, which forms when the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 are joined together by friction welding. By this distance "s" to prevent the weld bead 18 passes during welding of the upper part 1 with the lower part 2 in the region of the holes 15 and thus obstructs the flow of the cooling oil through the holes 15.

Das ebenfalls aus Stahl bestehende Unterteil 2 des Kolbens 3 besteht aus einem Bodenelement 19, auf dessen kolbenbodenzugewandter Oberseite radial außen eine umlaufende Wand 20 angeordnet ist, in die radial außen Ringnuten 21, 22 eingeformt sind. Die obere Stirnfläche 23 der Wand 20 hat von der Kolbenachse 24 den gleichen Abstand wie die untere Stirnfläche 17 des Kragens 7, sodass die Stirnflächen 7 und 23 beim Verschweißen des Oberteils 1 mit dem Unterteil 2 Reibschweißflächen bilden.The also made of steel lower part 2 of the piston 3 consists of a bottom member 19, on the piston bottom facing upper side radially outwardly a circumferential wall 20 is arranged, in the radially outer annular grooves 21, 22 are formed. The upper end face 23 of the wall 20 has the same distance from the piston axis 24 as the lower end face 17 of the collar 7, so that the end faces 7 and 23 form friction welding surfaces during welding of the upper part 1 to the lower part 2.

Radial innen schließt sich an die Wand 20 eine umlaufende Auflage 25 an, die von der Kolbenachse 24 den gleichen Abstand hat wie die Ringrippe 12, und deren obere Stirnfläche 26 von der durch die Stirnfläche 23 der Wand 20 gebildeten Ebene einen axialen Abstand hat, der dem Maß (c+d+s) entspricht, um weiches der Abstand "a" der Stirnfläche 17 des Kragens 7 vom Kolbenboden 5 geringer ist als der Abstand "b" der Stirnfläche 16 der Ringrippe 12 vom Kolbenboden 5. Daraus ergibt sich, dass beim Verschweißen des Oberteils 1 mit dem Unterteil 2 nicht nur die Stirnflächen 17 und 23 sondern auch die Stirnflächen 16 und 26 Reibschweißflächen bilden.Radially inside, the wall 20 is adjoined by a peripheral support 25 which is at the same distance from the piston axis 24 as the annular rib 12 and whose upper end surface 26 has an axial distance from the plane formed by the end face 23 of the wall 20 corresponds to the dimension (c + d + s), to which the distance "a" of the end face 17 of the collar 7 from the piston head 5 is less than the distance "b" of the end face 16 of the annular rib 12 from the piston head 5. It follows that when welding the upper part 1 with the lower part 2, not only the end faces 17 and 23 but also the end faces 16 and 26 Reibschweißflächen form.

Zwischen der Auflage 25 und der Wand 20 ist in das Bodenelement 19 eine umlaufende Ausnehmung 27 eingeformt, die beim fertig montierten Kolben 3 gemäß Fig. 2 das Unterteil des Kühlkanals 9 bildet. Radial innerhalb der Auflage 25 ist das Bodenelement 9 als umlaufender, nach oben konisch zulaufender Steg 28 ausgebildet, der eine mittig liegende, kreisrunde Öffnung 29 aufweist, wobei der Bereich 38 zwischen dem Steg 28 und der Auflage 25 als umlaufende und nach oben offene Rinne ausgebildet ist. Somit ist der Kühlraum 14 oben vom Kolbenboden 5, radial außen von der Ringrippe 12 und von der Auflage 25 und unten vom Steg 28 begrenzt.Between the support 25 and the wall 20, a circumferential recess 27 is formed in the bottom member 19, which in the assembled piston 3 according to Fig. 2 the lower part of the cooling channel 9 forms. Radially within the support 25, the bottom member 9 is formed as a circumferential, upwardly tapered web 28 having a centrally located, circular opening 29, wherein the region 38 formed between the web 28 and the support 25 as a circumferential and upwardly open channel is. Thus, the cooling space 14 is bounded at the top by the piston head 5, radially outwardly by the annular rib 12 and by the support 25 and at the bottom by the web 28.

Radial innen weist der Rand 32 der Öffnung 29 des Stegs 28 (Fig. 1) im Schnitt die Form eines nach radial innen offenen "V" auf, was es ermöglicht, eine schalenförmige, nach oben gewölbte Scheibe 30 mit einer mittig liegenden Öffnung 31, mit einer Außenabmessung, die der Innenabmessung der Öffnung 29 entspricht, und mit einem radial äußeren Rand der komplementär zu dem Rand 32 der Öffnung 29 ausgebildet ist, mittels einer Rastverbindung in der Öffnung 29 zu befestigen. Damit der Rand der Scheibe 30 die hierzu erforderliche Nachgiebigkeit ausweist, sind in den Rand radial liegende Schlitze 33 eingearbeitet, wozwischen der Rand der Scheibe 30 in Form elastisch nachgiebiger Blechlappen ausgebildet ist. Dies ermöglich es, nach der Fertigstellung des Kolbens 3 die Scheibe 30 von unten in die Öffnung 29 des Stegs 28 einzudrücken und über die sich ergebende Rastverbindung zu fixieren.Radially inside, the edge 32 of the opening 29 of the web 28 ( Fig. 1 ) in the form of a radially inwardly open "V", which makes it possible, a cup-shaped, upwardly curved disc 30 having a central opening 31, with an outer dimension corresponding to the inner dimension of the opening 29, and with a radial outer edge which is complementary to the edge 32 of the opening 29 is formed to be secured by means of a latching connection in the opening 29. Thus, the edge of the disc 30 identifies the required compliance, radial slots 33 are incorporated into the edge, where between the edge of the disc 30 is formed in the form of elastically resilient metal tabs. This makes it possible to press the disc 30 from below into the opening 29 of the web 28 after the completion of the piston 3 and to fix it via the resulting latching connection.

Über eine Ölzulauföffriung 34 ist der Kühlkanal 9 mit dem Kolbeninnenraum 35 verbunden. Weiterhin sind auf der Unterseite des Bodenelements 19 zwei einander gegenüberliegende Schaftelemente 36, 36' angeordnet, die über zwei einander gegenüberliegende Bolzennaben 37, 37' mit jeweils einer Bolzenbohrung 39, 39' miteinander verbunden sind.Via an oil inlet 34, the cooling passage 9 is connected to the piston interior 35. Furthermore, 19 are two on the underside of the bottom element opposite shaft elements 36, 36 'are arranged, which are connected to each other via two mutually opposite pin bosses 37, 37', each with a pin bore 39, 39 '.

Im Motorbetrieb wird über die Ölzulauföffnung 34 Kühlöl in den Kühlkanal 9 eingeleitet, das aufgrund der schnellen Hin- und Herbewegungen des Kolbens 3 an die Unterseite des radial äußeren Bereichs des Kolbenbodens 5 und an den von der Wand 20 und von dem Kragen 7 gebildeten Teil des Kolbens 3 geschleudert wird und hier damit kühlend wirkt. (Shakereffekt) Ein Teil des Öls gelangt dabei über die Bohrungen 15 in den Kühlraum 14, wobei sich im radial äußeren Bereich 38 des Kühlraums 14 eine Ölansammlung bildet, die wegen der vom Bodenelement 19 beabstandeten Lage der Bohrung 15 im Kühlraum 14 verbleibt, an die Unterseite des Kolbenbodens 5 im Bereich der thermisch hochbelasteten Brennraummulde 6 geschleudert wird und hier kühlend wirkt. Ein Teil dieses Öls gelangt anschließend über die Öffnung 31 der Scheibe 30 in den Kolbeninnenraum 35.In engine operation, cooling oil is introduced into the cooling channel 9 via the oil inlet opening 34, which due to the rapid reciprocating movements of the piston 3 to the underside of the radially outer region of the piston crown 5 and the part of the formed by the wall 20 and the collar 7 Piston 3 is thrown and here it has a cooling effect. (Shaker effect) A portion of the oil passes through the holes 15 in the cooling chamber 14, wherein in the radially outer portion 38 of the cooling chamber 14 an accumulation of oil forms, which remains because of the spaced from the bottom member 19 position of the bore 15 in the cooling space 14, to the Bottom of the piston head 5 is thrown in the region of the thermally highly loaded combustion bowl 6 and here cooling acts. A portion of this oil then passes through the opening 31 of the disc 30 in the piston interior 35th

Hierdurch ergibt sich als Vorteil der vom Bodenelement 19 beabstandeten Lage der Bohrungen 15 und der gewölbeartigen Form des Steges 28 und der Scheibe 30, wodurch sich im radial äußeren Bereich 38 des Kühlraumes 14 eine Ölansammlung bilden kann, eine Beschleunigung des Ölflusses durch den Kühlkanal 9 und durch den Kühlraum 14 und damit zu einer Verbesserung der Kühlung des Kolbens 3 führt, weil dann, wenn der Pegel des im Kühlkanal 9 befindlichen Öls die Bohrungen 15 erreicht, das Öl ausschließlich vom Kühlkanal 9 in den Kühlraum 14 und von hier über die Öffnung 31 der Scheibe 30 in den Kolbeninnenraum 35 fließt.This results in an advantage of spaced from the bottom member 19 position of the holes 15 and the vault-like shape of the web 28 and the disc 30, which can form an accumulation of oil in the radially outer portion 38 of the cooling space 14, an acceleration of the oil flow through the cooling channel 9 and through the cooling chamber 14 and thus leads to an improvement in the cooling of the piston 3, because when the level of the oil in the cooling channel 9 reaches the holes 15, the oil exclusively from the cooling channel 9 into the cooling chamber 14 and from here via the opening 31st the disc 30 flows into the piston interior 35.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

a,b,c,d,sa, b, c, d, s
Abständedistances
11
Oberteil des Kolbens 3Upper part of the piston 3
22
Unterteil des Kolbens 3Lower part of the piston 3
33
Kolbenpiston
44
BolzenbohrungsachsePin bore axis
55
Kolbenbodenpiston crown
66
BrennraummuldeCombustion bowl
77
Kragencollar
88th
Ausnehmungrecess
99
Kühlkanalcooling channel
1010
Feuerstegtop land
1111
Verdichtungsringnutcompression ring
1212
Ringrippeannular rib
1313
Oberteil de Kühlraums 14Top part of the refrigerator 14
1414
Kühlraumrefrigerator
1515
Bohrungdrilling
1616
untere Stirnfläche der Ringrippe 12lower end face of the annular rib 12th
1717
untere Stirnfläche des Kragens 7lower end face of the collar 7
1818
Schweißwulstweld bead
1919
Bodenelementfloor element
2020
Wandwall
21, 2221, 22
Ringnutring groove
2323
Stirnfläche der Wand 20Face of the wall 20
2424
Kolbenachsepiston axis
2525
Auflageedition
2626
obere Stirnfläche der Auflage 25upper end face of the support 25th
2727
Ausnehmungrecess
2828
Stegweb
2929
Öffnung des Stegs 28Opening of the bridge 28
3030
Scheibedisc
3131
Öffnung der Scheibe 30Opening of the disc 30
3232
Rand der Öffnung 29Edge of the opening 29
3333
Schlitzslot
3434
ÖlzulauföffnungOil inlet opening
3535
KolbeninnenraumPiston interior
36, 36'36, 36 '
Schaftelementshaft element
37, 37'37, 37 '
Bolzennabepin boss
3838
äußerer Bereich des Kühlraums 14, Rinneouter portion of the refrigerator compartment 14, gutter
39, 39'39, 39 '
Bolzenbohrungpin bore

Claims (2)

  1. Piston (3) for an internal combustion engine, comprising:
    - an upper part (1), the upper side of which forms a piston crown (5);
    - a circumferential collar (7) formed onto the piston crown (5) radially on an outside, facing downwards in a direction facing away from the piston crown, wherein a compression ring groove (11) is disposed on the radial outside of said collar;
    - a circumferential ring rib (12) disposed on the underside of the upper part (1), radially inside said collar (7), wherein the axial length (a) of the collar (7) is less than the distance (b) from the lower face surface (16) of the ring rib (12) to the piston crown (5);
    - a lower part (2) that has a circumferential wall (20) radially on an outside, facing upwards, wherein ring grooves (21, 22) are formed in the radial outside of said circumferential wall and wherein an upper face surface (23) of said lower part has the same radial distance from the piston axis (24) as the lower face surface (17) of the collar (7);
    - a circumferential contact part (25) formed onto the lower part (2), facing upwards and disposed radially inside the wall (20), wherein an upper face surface (26) of said circumferential contact part has the same distance from the piston axis (24) as the lower face surface (16) of the ring rib (12), and wherein the upper face surface (26) of the circumferential part has an axial distance from a plane defined by the face surface (23) of the wall (20), said axial distance corresponding to the difference between the distance (b) of the lower face surface (16) of the ring rib (12) from the piston crown (5) and the length (a) of the collar (7), so that when the upper part (1) is connected with the lower part (2) by friction-welding, the face surfaces (16, 17, 23, 26) of the ring rib (12), the collar (7), the wall (20) and the contact part (25) form friction-welding surfaces, creating a closed, ring-shaped cooling channel (9) delimited radially outside by the collar (7) and by the wall (20) and radially inside by the ring rib (12) and by the contact part (25);
    - wherein the region between the contact part (25) is formed by a crosspiece (28) with a central opening (29), which forms the lower delimitation of a central cooling cavity (14), wherein the cooling cavity (14) is delimited at the top by the piston crown (5) and radially outside by the contact part (25) and by the ring rib (12), and
    - wherein two skirt elements (36, 36') that lie opposite one another are disposed on the underside of the lower part (2), said elements being connected with one another by two pin bosses (37, 37') that lie opposite one another, each having a pin bore (39, 39'), wherein
    - bores (15) that lie radially and are distributed over the circumference are introduced into the ring rib (12), connecting the cooling channel (9) with the cooling cavity (14), and being spaced apart from the lower face surface (16) of the ring rib (12) to such an extent that sufficient space for a weld bead that is formed during friction welding remains between the bores (15) and the face surface (16) of the ring rib (12), and, to introduce the bores (15) from radially outside into ring rib (12), are axially spaced apart (c) to a sufficient extent, before the assembly of the piston (3), from a plane defined by the lower face surface (17) of the collar (7),
    - the crosspiece (28) has a shape that tapers conically upwards, and
    - at least one oil inflow opening (34) is disposed between the cooling channel (9) and the piston interior (35).
  2. Piston (3) according to claim 1, characterised in that the opening (29) of the crosspiece (28) is closed off by a disc (30) that is domed upwards and has a centrally located opening (31), said disc being connected with the crosspiece (28) by way of a snap-in connection.
EP11787584.9A 2010-08-10 2011-08-09 Piston for an internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP2603686B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010033882A DE102010033882A1 (en) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Piston for an internal combustion engine
PCT/DE2011/001565 WO2012019594A1 (en) 2010-08-10 2011-08-09 Piston for an internal combustion engine

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EP2603686A1 EP2603686A1 (en) 2013-06-19
EP2603686B1 true EP2603686B1 (en) 2018-10-17

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US (1) US8550052B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2603686B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2013535617A (en)
KR (1) KR20140012936A (en)
CN (1) CN103119278B (en)
BR (1) BR112013003256B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010033882A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012019594A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
CN103119278A (en) 2013-05-22
CN103119278B (en) 2016-08-10
BR112013003256B1 (en) 2021-02-23
JP2013535617A (en) 2013-09-12
EP2603686A1 (en) 2013-06-19
WO2012019594A1 (en) 2012-02-16
BR112013003256A2 (en) 2016-06-14
US20120037114A1 (en) 2012-02-16
KR20140012936A (en) 2014-02-04
US8550052B2 (en) 2013-10-08
DE102010033882A1 (en) 2012-02-16

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