EP2312111A1 - Device for thermal insulation of a building opening - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a thermally insulating bat (1) comprising two external walls (10) in which an internal partitioning unit (11) is arranged. The bat is fixed between folded and unfolded positions. A mobile board (3) is fixed at an end of the bat, and a guiding unit guides the mobile board between the folded and unfolded positions. An internal partitioning unit comprises a set of air channels (12), where ends of the channels are opened. A maintenance unit comprises rigid or stretched guides (20) that are formed near free edges of the external walls of the mat.

Description

The invention relates to a device for thermal insulation of a building opening, in particular a thermal insulation device comprising a thermally insulating mattress and deployable to interpose for example between a window and a flap of a building opening.

The windows of a building play an important part in the heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the building. In order to achieve energy savings by limiting the heating of buildings in cold weather or air conditioning in hot weather, the thermal insulation of windows is enhanced.

The use of double glazing allows a first reduction of heat exchange. The placement of a shutter in front of each window also has an insulating action by the imprisonment of a blade of air between the glazing and the shutter.

In order to improve the thermal insulation of the windows, the applicant proposes in its patent application FR 09 01537 unpublished, to use an expandable and deployable window thermal insulation device, comprising an insulating blanket comprising at least two external walls, means for unfolding and winding of this insulating blanket between a wound configuration in which said insulating blanket is wound around a winding bar and an unwrapped configuration in which the insulating blanket extends in a flow plane substantially parallel to the winding bar, and mechanical deployment means of the insulation blanket, from a folded configuration wherein the insulation blanket is flattened to allow winding thereof, to an expanded configuration in which said outer walls are at least partially spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the unwinding plane for trapping between them a layer of air , the mattress further comprising internal partitioning means provided between its outer walls to oppose the circulation of the air layer and said mechanical deployment means operating at ambient pressure of the air layer.

This device requires two simultaneous mechanical actions to lower or raise the mattress, namely on the one hand a unwinding or winding, and secondly a deployment or a folding.

There is therefore a need for a thermal insulation device of a building opening which makes it possible to obtain good thermal insulation of a building opening in a simpler way.

• un matelas isolant thermiquement comprenant au moins deux parois externes, entre lesquelles sont ménagés des moyens de cloisonnement interne, le matelas étant fixe à une de ses extrémités et pliable/dépliable entre des positions pliée et dépliée,
• des moyens de maintien sensiblement constante de l'épaisseur du matelas en position dépliée sur toute la hauteur et toute la largeur du matelas,
• une planche mobile, fixée à l'extrémité du matelas opposée à son extrémité fixe,
• des moyens de guidage de la planche mobile entre les positions pliée et dépliée.

For this, the invention proposes a device for thermal insulation of a building opening, comprising:

• a thermally insulating mat comprising at least two external walls, between which are provided internal partitioning means, the mattress being fixed at one of its ends and foldable / foldable between folded and unfolded positions,
• means for maintaining substantially constant thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and width of the mattress,
• a movable board attached to the end of the mattress opposite its fixed end,
• guide means for the movable board between the folded and unfolded positions.

According to another feature, the internal partitioning means of the mattress form a plurality of air channels parallel to each other and fixed to each other, the channels being open at their ends.

• des guides rigides ou tendus, s'étendant dans la direction du pliage/dépliage, respectivement à proximité de chaque bords libre de chaque paroi externe du matelas, et
• des pièces de liaison fixées aux bords libres des parois externes du matelas et en liaison de coulissement avec les guides,
• l'écartement entre des guides de part et d'autre du matelas isolant déterminant la distance entre les pièces de liaison entre les bords libres d'une même paroi et entre les bords libres de deux parois opposées.

According to another feature, the means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the entire width of the mattress comprise:

• rigid or stretched guides extending in the direction of folding / unfolding respectively close to each free edge of each outer wall of the mattress, and
• connecting pieces fixed to the free edges of the outer walls of the mattress and in sliding connection with the guides,
• the spacing between guides on either side of the insulating mat determining the distance between the connecting pieces between the free edges of the same wall and between the free edges of two opposite walls.

According to another feature, the guides comprise four first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables substantially parallel to each other and arranged around the mattress, substantially perpendicular to the moving board, and the pieces of linkage comprise a plurality of fixed rings fixed near the edges of the outer walls of the mattress, each ring being adapted to slide along one (of) the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables so that the mattress can be unfolded or folded while being held taut in width and thickness.

According to another feature, the substantially constant means of maintaining the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress further comprise a plurality of second bars, rods, wires or cables fixed on the outer walls of the mattress. mattress, parallel to the movable board, at the end of which can be fixed the connecting pieces.

According to another feature, the substantially constant means of maintaining the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the entire width of the mattress are at least partially formed by the walls of the channels, which are made of rigid material and provided with hinges for folding / unfolding.

According to another feature, the thermal insulation device further comprises a manually or motorized system for raising / lowering the movable board between the folded and unfolded positions.

• deux vis sans fin, situées chacune d'un côté du matelas, et adaptées à entraîner la planche mobile entre les positions pliée et dépliée, et
• un moteur électrique adapté à entraîner les vis sans fin en rotation.

According to another particularity, the system comprises:

• two worms, each located on one side of the mattress, and adapted to drive the movable board between the folded and unfolded positions, and
• an electric motor adapted to drive the worm in rotation.

According to another particularity, the guides comprise the two endless screws.

According to another feature, the movable board is traversed by the worm and has two through orifices with a portion at least partially threaded, formed in particular in a nut integral with the board, each threaded through holes being adapted to cooperate with the screw endlessly to drive the moving board between the folded and unfolded positions.

• des guides rigides ou tendus à proximité des bords latéraux de la planche, traversant ou non celle-ci, choisis notamment parmi des tiges filetées ou non, des barres, des fils ou des câbles, identiques ou différents des moyens de maintien sensiblement constante de l'épaisseur du matelas en position dépliée,
• des surfaces de guidage pratiquées dans des orifices taraudés ou non traversant la planche ou dans des pièces de guidage solidaires de la planche, avec au moins un degré de liberté en translation des surfaces de guidage sur les guides.

According to another feature, the guiding means of the movable board between the folded and unfolded positions comprise:

• rigid guides or tensioned near the lateral edges of the board, passing through or not thereof, chosen in particular from threaded or non-threaded rods, bars, wires or cables, which are identical or different from the means for substantially constant retention of the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position,
• guide surfaces made in threaded holes or not through the board or in guiding parts integral with the board, with at least one degree of freedom in translation of the guide surfaces on the guides.

According to another feature, the mattress comprises an alternation of mattress parts and blades, the mattress parts each having at least two channel layers and the blades being horizontal and of horizontal section at least equivalent to that of the mattress parts.

According to another feature, the thermal insulation device further comprises wires extending in the direction of folding / unfolding, and each passing through a hole located near or through each free edge of each blade of the mattress and comprising, the if necessary, means for blocking the blades relative to the son.

According to another feature, the thermal insulation device further comprises a fabric fixed to each blade of the mattress.

According to another feature, the thermal insulation device comprises a trunk in which the mattress is completely contained when it is in the folded position, the trunk can incorporate a shutter mechanism.

According to another feature, the thermal insulation device further comprises two slides each located on one side of the mattress, each slide being provided with means for limiting the air inlet movements in the slide and / or means for limit the air intake movements between the two outer walls of the mattress, especially in the channels of the mattress.

According to another feature, the means for limiting the air inlet movements comprise contact surfaces formed by pads, brushes or seals which are in contact with the outer walls of the mattress and / or formed by pads or boards perpendicular to the plane of the mattress in the unfolded position, and located opposite the open ends of the mattress between the outer walls, including channels of the mattress.

According to another feature, the thickness of the mattress between the folded position and the unfolded position is constant or variable.

According to another feature, the channels are metallized.

According to another feature, the channels in unfolded position of the mattress have a substantially round section, rhombus, square, triangular, hexagonal or shaped other polygons, concave or convex.

According to another feature, the movable board is provided with a seal or a brush on the side of the board opposite the mattress.

• La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée ;
• La figure 2 représente une vue de face d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée ;
• Les figures 3a et 3b représentent une vue de côté d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention sans coulisses, avec un matelas selon un premier mode de réalisation, respectivement en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée, et en position pliée ;
• Les figures 4a et 4b représentent une vue de côté d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention sans coulisses, avec un matelas selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, respectivement en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée, et en position pliée ;
• Les figures 5 et 6 représentent une vue de détail d'un matelas selon respectivement un troisième et un quatrième modes de réalisation, en position semi-dépliée ;
• La figure 7 représente une vue en coupe transversale d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention ;
• Les figures 8 et 9 représentent une vue en coupe selon le plan A-A de la figure 7 d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention avec un matelas selon respectivement le premier et le deuxième mode de réalisation ;
• Les figures 10 et 11 représentent une vue en coupe transversale d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention avec un moyen pour limiter les mouvements d'entrée d'air dans les canaux du matelas, avec des vis sans fin dans un plan passant respectivement au milieu de la planche mobile ou à proximité d'un bord de la planche mobile ;
• Les figures 12a et 12b représentent une vue de détail d'un matelas selon un cinquième mode de réalisation, respectivement en position pliée et en position semi-dépliée ;
• La figure 13 représente un système motorisé d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention ;
• La figure 14 représente une vue de détail d'un matelas selon un sixième mode de réalisation en position dépliée ;
• La figure 15 représente une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée d'une variante d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée ;
• La figure 16 représente une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée d'une autre variante d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, en position intermédiaire entre la position pliée et la position dépliée ;
• La figure 17 représente une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, avec un matelas selon un troisième mode de réalisation, en position dépliée ;
• La figure 18 représente une vue de détail de la figure 17 ;
• La figure 19 représente une vue de côté de la partie haute d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique selon l'invention, sans coulisses, avec un matelas selon le troisième mode de réalisation et en position dépliée.

Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings in which:

• The figure 1 represents a partially exploded perspective view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, in an intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position;
• The figure 2 represents a front view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, in an intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position;
• The Figures 3a and 3b show a side view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention without slides, with a mattress according to a first embodiment, respectively in the intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position, and in the folded position;
• The Figures 4a and 4b are a side view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention without slides, with a mattress according to a second embodiment, respectively in the intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position, and in the folded position;
• The Figures 5 and 6 show a detail view of a mattress respectively according to a third and a fourth embodiment, in a semi-unfolded position;
• The figure 7 represents a cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention;
• The Figures 8 and 9 represent a sectional view according to the plane AA of the figure 7 a thermal insulation device according to the invention with a mattress respectively according to the first and the second embodiment;
• The Figures 10 and 11 represent a cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention with a means for limiting the air inlet movements in the channels of the mattress, with worm screws in a plane passing respectively in the middle of the mobile board or near an edge of the movable board;
• The Figures 12a and 12b show a detail view of a mattress according to a fifth embodiment, respectively in the folded position and in the half-unfolded position;
• The figure 13 represents a motorized system of a thermal insulation device according to the invention;
• The figure 14 is a detail view of a mattress according to a sixth embodiment in an unfolded position;
• The figure 15 represents a partially exploded perspective view of a variant of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, in an intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position;
• The figure 16 represents a partially exploded perspective view of another variant of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, in an intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position;
• The figure 17 is a partially exploded perspective view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, with a mattress according to a third embodiment, in the unfolded position;
• The figure 18 represents a detailed view of the figure 17 ;
• The figure 19 represents a side view of the upper part of a thermal insulation device according to the invention, without slides, with a mattress according to the third embodiment and in unfolded position.

The reference numbers which are identical in the different figures represent identical or similar elements.

"Horizontal", "vertical", "high", "low", "upper" and "lower" are defined when the thermal insulation device is installed in a building opening made in a vertical wall.

The invention relates to a thermal insulation device of a building opening. This thermal insulation device comprises a thermally insulating mat comprising at least two external walls, between which are provided internal partitioning means. The mattress is fixed at its high end and its low end is movable, which allows folding and unfolding the mattress between a folded position and an unfolded position. When the mattress is in the unfolded position, it traps air between its outer walls. The internal partitioning means allow to oppose the flow of air within the mattress, which allows to thermally insulate the building opening.

The thermal insulation device also comprises means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress. Thus, the thermal insulation is provided over the entire height and the entire width of the mattress when the mattress is in the unfolded position.

The thermal insulation device also includes a movable board attached to the lower end of the mattress. This mobile board, which creates a mass at the bottom of the mattress, facilitates the unfolding of the mattress. The thermal insulation device also comprises means for guiding the movable board between the folded and unfolded positions. The guiding means of the board make it possible to facilitate the folding / unfolding of the mattress by correctly guiding the board and make it possible to keep the board movable substantially perpendicularly to the mattress in order to limit the air intakes into the mattress, due for example to the wind, and thus maintain good thermal insulation.

The thermal insulation device thus makes it possible to obtain good thermal insulation with a simple implementation.

The figure 1 represents a partially exploded perspective view of a thermal insulation device according to the invention. The thermal insulation device is intended to be installed in a building opening, for example between a window and a shutter. In the rest of the description, we will only talk about a window for the sake of clarity. This should not be understood as a limitation.

The thermal insulation device comprises a thermally insulating mattress 1 fixed at its high end and foldable / unfoldable between a fully folded position, said folded position, and a completely unfolded position, said unfolded position.

A mattress height is defined in the vertical direction, a mattress width in a horizontal direction parallel to the window, and a mattress thickness in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the window.

Between the folded and unfolded positions, the height of the mattress 1 varies. In the folded position, the mattress 1 is picked up near its fixed end. It has a low height, of the order of a few centimeters. In the unfolded position, the mattress 1 is deployed over the entire height of the window. On the figure 1 , the mattress is in the intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position. The mattress 1 can indeed take a multitude of positions between the folded position and the unfolded position.

The mattress 1 comprises two outer walls 10. The mattress 1 is disposed with its outer walls 10 parallel to the plane of the window.

The mattress 1 of the thermal insulation device further comprises internal partitioning means 11 formed between the outer walls 10. These internal partitioning means 11 preferably form a plurality of channels 12 of air parallel to each other. The channels 12 are horizontal and parallel to the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1. The channels 12 are fixed to each other, for example by welding or gluing. The mattress 1 is thus formed of columns of channels 12 superimposed on each other, the columns being adjacent to each other. The mattress 1 comprises at least three columns. Preferably, the mattress 1 comprises between four and seven columns. Indeed, the thicker the mattress, the better the thermal insulation. The thickness of the mattress 1 is limited by the space between the window and the shutter. The number of columns therefore also depends on the dimensions of the section of the channels. Thus, if the cell section is particularly small or the mattress needs to be very thick for a specific application, for example to insulate an opening of a building with very low energy consumption, the mattress may comprise a larger number of columns, such as for example 10 or even 15 columns.

The section of the channels 12 of the mattress 1 is preferably small in order to limit air movements in the transverse direction of the channels and thus to avoid air convection movements in order to provide good thermal insulation. Thus, the section of the channels 12 is for example between 0.2 and 5 cm ² , preferably between 0.2 and 2 cm ² . Ideally, the section of the channels is between 0.2 and 1 cm ² , or even equal to 1 cm ² .

When the mattress 1 is in the folded position, all the channels 12 are folded. When the mattress 1 is in the unfolded position, all the channels 12 are unfolded. When the mattress 1 is in the intermediate position between the folded position and the unfolded position, some channels 12 are folded, some channels 12 are unfolded and between the two some channels 12 are semi-folded.

Each outer wall 10 of the mattress 1 is for example formed by a series of outer walls of channels welded together. In this case, if the channels 12 have a rectangular or square section when the mattress is in the unfolded position, the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1 are substantially planar. This is the case for the mattresses of Figures 4a, 4b , 5, 6 , 9 and 12a and 12b when in the unfolded position. On the other hand, if the channels 12 have a hexagonal or diamond-shaped section when the mattress is in the unfolded position, the outer walls 10 of the mattress are generally not flat. They include alternating depressions and bumps with outer edges at the top of the bumps and inner edges 26 at the bottom of the depressions. This is the case for the mattresses of Figures 3a, 3b , 8 and 14 when in the unfolded position.

Alternatively, external walls 10 are attached and fixed by welding or gluing on the channels 12. In this case, when the channels do not have a rectangular or square section when the mattress is in the unfolded position, the outer walls 10 are attached to the outer edges 25 ( Figure 3a, 3b , 8 and 14 ) The channels of the mattress 1. The material of the outer walls 10, when they are attached, is preferably thin and flexible so as not to impede the folding of the channels 12.

If the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1 are substantially flat, the thickness of the mattress 1 is defined as the distance between the outer walls 10. external walls 10 of the mattress 1 are not substantially flat, the thickness of the mattress 1 is defined as the distance between two vertical planes passing through the outer edges 25 of the mattress 1.

The walls of the channels 12 are for example airtight. They are open at their ends so that they can fill with air or empty when unfolding or folding the mattress. Air movements are limited inside the channels. The smaller the channel size, the smaller the air movement inside the channels. This structure of the mattress provides good thermal insulation, as explained above.

Alternatively, the walls of the channels 12 are made of an airtight material and have a plurality of microscopically sized perforations. These micro-perforations are additional air inlet or outlet means during folding / unfolding with respect to the openings at the ends of the channels. Folding / unfolding can then be done more quickly. Air movements in a direction transverse to the channels remain limited because of the microscopic size of the perforations.

When the thermal insulation device according to the invention comprises microscopically sized perforations in the channels, an air injection system in the mattress can be provided to increase the folding / unfolding speed of the mattress.

Preferably, the mattress 1 is waterproof because the mattress 1 is intended to be installed between a window and a shutter, or outside a building. The mattress 1 (external walls 10 + internal partitioning means 11 / channels 12) is preferably made of plastic, for example polyethylene, polypropylene or PVC. As a variant, the mattress is made of woven material, of paper-based composite material, for example associated with protective layers, or of composite material based on polymers.

Preferably, the channels 12 are low emissivity. They have, for example, an emissivity of less than 0.3 or of the order of 0.1. For this, the channels are for example metallized, that is to say covered with a metal layer inside the channels. This metal layer must be thin enough not to hinder the folding / unfolding of the mattress. The metallized channels reduce the thermal conductivity of the mattress and thus increase the thermal resistance mattress, which improves the thermal insulation of a building opening in which the mattress is installed.

où e est l'épaisseur du matériau isolant et λ sa conductivité thermique.Indeed, the thermal resistance R of an insulating material is equal to: $$R=\frac{e}{\mathit{\lambda }}$$

where e is the thickness of the insulating material and λ is its thermal conductivity.

Thus, at given thickness, the lower the thermal conductivity of the mattress, the higher the thermal resistance of the mattress and the better the thermal insulation.

The mattress 1 may be of flexible or rigid material.

It is important that the mattress 1 has a constant thickness over its entire height and width when it is in the unfolded position so that its thermal performance is good over its entire height and width. In fact, as shown in equation (1) above, for a given thermal conductivity, the greater the thickness of the mattress, the higher the thermal resistance of the mattress and the better the thermal insulation. To maintain good thermal resistance over the entire width and height of the insulation blanket, it is therefore necessary to maintain the thickness of the mattress constant in the unfolded position. If the mattress were to widen towards the middle of its height in unfolded position, there would be less good thermal insulation.

The thermal insulation device therefore comprises means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress.

When the material of the channels 12 is rigid, the structure of the mattress itself allows it to have a constant thickness over the entire height and the width of the mattress when it is in the unfolded position. The substantially constant means of maintaining the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress are therefore the channels themselves, by their constitution. Each channel 12 is for example formed of several rigid plates 24 adjacent to each other, the length of the width of the mattress, the rigid plates forming the longitudinal walls of the channel. The rigid plates 24 are connected to each other by thin lines 27 ( Figures 5 and 6 ) or flexible hinge joints made of the same or different material plates, in particular of elastomer. Alternatively, the walls of each channel have a plurality of folds forming hinges. In the remainder of the description, the term "hinges" should be understood as a general term encompassing these two exemplary embodiments.

When the material of the channels 12 is flexible, the structure of the mattress does not allow it to have a constant thickness over the entire height and the width of the mattress. In this case, the means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress in the unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress may comprise rigid or tensioned guides on which slide connecting pieces fixed to the mattress. In the embodiment presented at figure 1 these means comprise four first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 substantially parallel to each other and arranged substantially around the mattress 1, and a plurality of rings 21 fixed to the mattress 1, near the free edges of the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1, the rings 21 sliding along the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 to guide the mattress during its folding or unfolding while maintaining the mattress stretched in width and in thickness so as to maintain substantially constant thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress. The distance between respectively two rods, bars, wires or cables in each direction determines the distance between the rings and consequently between the free edges of the mattress in the corresponding direction, from one edge to the other of the same wall or between the edges of two opposite walls.

The rings 21 are for example each fixed at one end of a (one) second bar, rod, wire or cable 22 fixed on one of the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1, parallel to the channels (parallel to the board) and perpendicularly to the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 10. The second bars, rods, wires or cables 22 are fixed to the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1 for example by gluing. The presence of second bars, rods, wires or cables 22 makes it possible to avoid the application of the tension force directly to the mattress but to transfer it to the second bars, rods, wires or cables 22, which ensures a duration of As a variant, such (such) second bars, rods, wires or cables may be used (used) as stiffening means without carrying at their ends such connecting pieces than rings or the like, the connecting pieces then being fixed directly to the edge of the mattress.

Preferably, the thermal insulation device also comprises a box 2 adapted to completely contain the mattress when the latter is in the folded position, as shown in particular on the Figures 3b and 4b , so as not to hinder visibility through the window when the thermal insulation device is installed in a building opening. The trunk is intended to be fixed in a building opening, for example between a window and a shutter, or is integrated in or part of a roller shutter box. When the mattress 1 is in the fully unfolded position, the top of the mattress may comprise a buffer zone of 1 or 2 cm hidden in the trunk, a buffer zone in which the channels are in the half-folded position.

The top of the mattress 1 is fixed to the trunk 2 and is not movable.

The thermal insulation device also comprises a movable board 3 fixed at the bottom of the mattress 1. This board 3 is substantially horizontal. The rise / fall of the movable board 3 causes folding / unfolding of the mattress 1.

The movable board 3 is intended to abut against the trunk 2 to close the opening when the mattress is in the folded position (as on the Figures 3b, 4b ) and intended to abut against a lower surface such as a window sill when the mattress is in the unfolded position.

The movable board 3 has a mass sufficient to help unfold the mattress. Thus, if the actuation of the movable board 3 is manual, the movable board 3 helps the mattress to remain in the unfolded position, and thus promotes the maintenance substantially constant thickness of the mattress 1 over its entire height and width in unfolded position. The movable board 3 is for example PVC, polymeric material, metal, composite material combining metal and a polymer, or wood. Preferably, the movable board 3 is protected against corrosion, for example by being covered with a polymeric resin.

When the thermal insulation device comprises the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20, these (these) preferably pass through the movable plate 3 perpendicularly to the movable board 3. The first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 thus constitute guide means for the movable board 3 between the folded and unfolded positions. These means of guiguidage allow the movable board 3 remains substantially horizontal during its entire journey and when it remains parked in a given intermediate position between the folded and unfolded positions. Thus, the mattress 1 is subjected to push / pull forces during the rise / fall of the movable board 3 which are homogeneous over its entire horizontal section. This ensures a longer life of the mattress.

Preferably, the movable board 3 is provided with a seal, for example foam or rubber, or a brush 5 on the side of the board 3 movable opposite the mattress 1. When the mattress is in the unfolded position, the board 3 mobile is adapted to abut against a lower surface such as for example the underside of a building opening or a board 4 fixed at the bottom of the thermal insulation device. Thus, when the movable board 3 is at the bottom abutment against the fixed board 4 or against a lower surface of a building opening, the seal or the brush 5 makes it possible to avoid the air passages under the movable board 3, and thus participates in the thermal insulation of the building opening.

The thermal insulation device can be actuated manually, for example by manually raising / lowering the movable board 3 by sliding it along the guide means constituted by the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20.

The thermal insulation device preferably comprises a motorized system for raising / lowering the board 3 movable between the folded position and the unfolded position. An example of such a motorized system is represented in figure 13 . The motorized system consists for example of an electric motor 6 and two worm screws 7 adapted to be rotated by the electric motor 6, the worm screws 7 being themselves adapted to drive the board 3 movable between the position folded and the unfolded position. The worms 7 are vertical and are each disposed on one side of the mattress 1, vis-à-vis the free edges of the mattress. The two worms 7 are preferably included in a plane parallel to the window.

The movable board 3 has two through holes 8, each of the through holes 8 being traversed by one of the worm 7. In this case, the worm 7 also constitute guiding means for the movable board 3.

On the figure 13 two nuts 9 secured to the movable board 3 are located on each worm on either side of each through hole. The nuts 9 are adapted to cooperate with the worm 7 to drive the board 3 movable between the folded and unfolded positions.

Alternatively (not shown), the through holes of the movable board 3 are threaded, each threaded through holes then being adapted to cooperate with one of the worm 7 to drive the movable board between the folded position and the unfolded position . This case makes it possible to dispense with additional parts (the nuts) but requires additional machining (tapping through holes).

Alternatively, the tapping can be carried on a nut incorporated in a plastic or composite board by overmolding.

On the figure 1 the worms 7 are arranged in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the width of the movable board 3. However, they may also be offset with respect to this median plane, each of which may be arranged in a vertical plane located near an edge of the board that is parallel to the window, either the edge on the side of the window or the edge located on the flap side, as shown on the figure 11 or on the figure 15 on the same side of the insulation blanket. Alternatively, the worm 7 are arranged in a vertical plane located diagonally of the movable board 3, the worm being on one side and the other of the mattress.

When the worms 7 are not arranged in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the width of the movable board 3, it is necessary to avoid that stresses are applied on the worm 7 and the board 3 to maintain that worm. horizontal. In addition, it is preferable to maintain the horizontal moving board 3 during its rise / fall so as not to apply unnecessary constraints on the mattress and thus allow a longer life. In addition, it avoids air inlets from below the mattress, which would adversely affect the thermal insulation.

A first solution to maintain the horizontal moving board 3 when the worm 7 are not arranged in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the width of the movable board 3, shown on the figure 15 is that the nuts 9 located above the movable board 3 and integral therewith serve as guiding means of the board 3 mobile. For this, the nuts 9 located above or below, the movable board 3 have a thickness greater than several centimeters to that of the movable board 3, for example 3 or 4 centimeters, or even 5 or 6 centimeters. The nuts below and respectively above the movable board are optional. The nuts constitute with the worm a guide means of the movable board.

A second solution for maintaining the horizontal movable board 3 when the worm 7 are not arranged in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the width of the movable board 3, shown in FIG. figure 11 , is that the device comprises two rods or bars or son or additional cables 23 located (located) symmetrically to the two worm 7 with respect to a vertical plane passing through the middle of the board 3 mobile. These two rods or additional bars or wires or cables 23 pass through the through orifices of the movable board 3 and thus allow the board to be guided to allow it to remain horizontal without there being too many stresses applied to the movable board 3 and / or worm 7. This case is particularly suitable for the case where the mattress 1 is not provided with rings, for example when the channel material is rigid.

As a variant, two of the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables are the two worm screws 7. This case is particularly adapted to the case where the mattress 1 is provided with rings 21.

Each worm 7 is held at one end in the trunk 2 and at the other end thereof in the board 4 fixed if there is one, or in the lower side of a building opening. The worms 7 are held so as to rotate freely about their axis without deviating.

In a variant not shown, the two worm 7 are not actuated via an electric motor but via a crank to which they are connected.

In another variant, represented on the figure 16 , the thermal insulation device does not comprise worm 7. The thermal insulation device comprises two ropes 43 each connected on the one hand to a pulley 42 located at the bottom of the device, preferably close to the fixed plate 4 if there is one, on the other hand to a drum (not shown) located in the trunk 2. The ropes 43 pass through and are fixed to the board 3 movable, which allows, by pulling on the ropes 43, to go up or down the movable board 3. The ropes 43 are operable, either manually or preferably via a motor (not shown). In order to guide the movable board 3 during its ascent / descent, the thermal insulation device also comprises smooth rods 40 passing through through orifices of the movable board 3. The smooth rods 40 are preferably two in number, but they can also be four in number. If the thermal insulation device comprises two smooth rods 40, which are located in a plane located near one of the edges of the movable plate 3, as shown in FIG. figure 16 , the movable board 3 is provided with two cylinders 41 of a few centimeters high, typically 3 or 4 cm, or even 5 or 6 cm, which slide along the smooth rods 40. This keeps the board 3 moving horizontally during its rise / descent without too much stress apply to the board 3 or the smooth rods 40.

• quatre premières (premiers) tiges, barres, fils ou câbles 20, qui traversent la planche 3 mobile, et qui sont sensiblement parallèles les unes (uns) aux autres et disposé(e)s autour du matelas 1, sensiblement perpendiculairement à la planche 3 mobile, et/ou deux vis sans fin 7 situées chacune d'un côté du matelas 1, ou
• les quatre premières (premiers) tiges, barres, fils ou câbles 20, qui traversent la planche 3 mobile, deux des quatre premières (premiers) tiges, barres, fils ou câbles 20 étant les deux vis sans fin 7, ou
• les deux vis sans fin 7 et deux tiges, barres, fils ou câbles 23 supplémentaires, ou
• les deux vis sans fin 7 et deux écrous 9 solidaires de la planche 3 mobile, chacun des écrous 9 étant adapté à coopérer avec une des vis sans fin 7, ou

deux tiges lisses 40 et deux cylindres 41 solidaires de la planche 3 mobile, chacun des cylindres 41 étant adapté à coulisser le long d'une des tiges lisses 40.To summarize, the guiding means of the movable board 3 between the folded and unfolded positions are:

• four first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20, which pass through the movable plate 3, and which are substantially parallel to each other and arranged around the mattress 1, substantially perpendicular to the board 3 mobile, and / or two worm 7 each located on one side of the mattress 1, or
• the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20, which pass through the movable plate 3, two of the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables being the two worms 7, or
• the two worms 7 and two additional rods, bars, wires or cables 23, or
• the two worm 7 and two nuts 9 integral with the movable board 3, each of the nuts 9 being adapted to cooperate with one of the worm 7, or

two smooth rods 40 and two cylinders 41 integral with the movable plate 3, each of the cylinders 41 being adapted to slide along one of the smooth rods 40.

Preferably, the thermal insulation device comprises two vertical slides 29, each located on one side of the mattress 1, facing the open ends of the channels 12. figure 1 , the slides are offset relative to the device for reasons of visibility. However, we can see them in place on the figure 2 or on the Figures 7, 10 and 11 . The slides 29 have a C-shaped section. The slides 29 make it possible, on the one hand, to conceal the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 and / or the worms 7 from the other part of limiting the air intake movements in the channels 12 of the mattress 1. This promotes good thermal insulation by avoiding convection movements in the channels 12.

Each slide 29 comprises two vertical pads or brushes or seals, which are adapted to be in contact with the outer walls 10 of the mattress 1, as shown in particular on the Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 . In the case of non-planar outer walls 10, as shown in FIG. figure 8 , air can pass between the pads or brushes or seals 30 and the outer walls 10. In this case, each slide 29 also comprises a vertical pad or board 32 (e), visible on the figure 10 which is perpendicular to the plane of the mattress 1 in the unfolded position, and which is located opposite the open ends of the channels 12 of the mattress 1, close to the mattress 1. Thus, any air inlet from the outside the device to the channels 12 is prevented. Each slide 29 may comprise amounts 33 ( figure 10 vertical) on which the pad or the vertical board 32 is fixed. This arrangement can also be advantageous in the case where the outer walls are flat.

When the worm 7 or the smooth rods 40 are disposed in a vertical plane located near an edge of the movable board 3 and not in the middle of the movable board 3, it makes it easier to limit the input movements. air in the channels 12 of the mattress 1 that when the worm or smooth rods are arranged in a vertical plane located in the middle of the movable board 3 because it is easier to press the vertical boards 32 against the free edges of the mattress 1. As seen on the figure 10 when the worm 7 are in a plane located in the middle of the width of the movable board 3, the vertical boards 32 have a shape adapted to the passage of the worm.

The vertical pad 32 or board (e) may also be present as a variant of the pads or brushes or seals 30.

The thickness of the mattress 1 between the folded position and the unfolded position may be constant or variable. In the embodiments of Figures 3a / 3b, 4a / 4b , 5 , 8, 9 , 14 , 17 , 18 and 19 , the thickness of the mattress is substantially constant between the folded position and the unfolded position, while in the embodiment of figures 6 and 12a / 12b , the thickness of the mattress is variable between the folded position and the unfolded position. The variation or not of the thickness of the mattress 1 between the folded and unfolded positions essentially depends on the shape of the section of the channels 12 and the stiffness of the material of the channels. The variation in thickness, when it takes place, can be auxetic, that is to say that the thickness of the mattress is wider in the unfolded position than in the folded position, as can be seen by comparing the Figures 12a and 12b or conventional, that is to say that the thickness of the mattress is narrower in the unfolded position than in the folded position. In the case of a mattress with a variable thickness between the folded and unfolded positions, an auxetic variation is preferred because it allows the mattress in the unfolded position to come against the brushes or joints of the slides 29, which makes it possible to prevent the entry of air from the sides of the mattress, especially if the outer walls 10 of the mattress are flat in the unfolded position, and thus to have good thermal insulation. On the other hand, with a mattress having a conventional variation between the folded and unfolded positions, the mattress will be against the brushes or joints of the slides 29 only if each pair of brushes or joints of a slide has a variable spacing over the height of the device, which makes the device complex.

We will first see embodiments with a constant thickness between the folded and unfolded positions. The mattress may be of flexible material or rigid material.

In the embodiment of Figures 3a, 3b , 8 , 14 , 17 , 18 and 19 , the mattress 1 is made of flexible plastic. The thickness of the walls of a channel is for example between 10 and 400 microns, preferably between 25 to 100 microns. When the mattress is in the folded position, it is flattened, each channel being crushed but not actually bent. A mattress made of flexible material can therefore have various shapes of channel section in unfolded position. In the embodiment of Figures 3a, 3b , 8 and 14 , the thermal insulation device comprises first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 and rings 21 which then allow, as is visible on the figure 3a to maintain the thickness of the mattress substantially constant over the entire height and width of the mattress on which the channels are unfolded. The thickness of the mattress remains constant between the folded position ( figure 3b ) and an intermediate position almost completely unfolded ( figure 3a ), as can be seen by comparing the figures. The channels 12 have for example, when unfolded, a diamond shape as shown on the Figures 3a, 3b and 8 , or a hexagonal shape, as shown on the figure 14 or any other form, for example rectangular, square or triangular.

In the embodiment of figures 17 , 18 and 19 , the thermal insulation device comprises a mattress 1 cut horizontally into a plurality of mattress portions each comprising at least two channel layers 12, preferably at least ten channels. The horizontal section of the mattress parts is equivalent to that of the mattress of the other embodiments. A plurality of horizontal blades 50 are interposed between the mattress portions so as to alternate mattress portions and blades. The vertical spacing between two adjacent blades must be both sufficient to avoid a too high density of thermal bridges, which would lead to a degradation of the thermal resistance of the mattress, and not limited to allow a good mechanical strength of the mattress, which varies depending on the materials composing the mattress and their tensile strength. Preferably, the space between two adjacent blades is at least 15 cm. More preferably, the space between two adjacent blades is between 30 and 40 cm.

The blades 50 are for example blades of indoor or outdoor Venetian blinds. Outdoor Venetian Blinds are preferred because they have superior mechanical rigidity and superior width, allowing them to be used with multi-column mattress portions.

The thickness of the blades 50 is preferably less than 1 mm, as for venetian blinds, which limits the thermal bridges due to the blades.

In order to minimize thermal bridges, the blades 50 are preferably made of a material having a low thermal conductivity, such as PVC or wood.

The blades 50 may be flat or slightly curved, as shown in the Figures 17 to 19 . The fact that the blades are curved makes it possible to optimize their rigidity and their resistance to bending with respect to flat blades of the same thickness. This can also help to help deploy the cells.

The thermal insulation device also comprises wires 51 which are fixed at one of their ends to the movable plate 3 and which cooperate with a pulley located in the trunk 2. Each wire 51 passes through a hole made in each of the blades 50. actuation of the son by a user allows to move up / down the movable board 3 and thus to fold / unfold the mattress 1. The thermal insulation device preferably comprises four son 51, arranged in pairs preferably in front of and behind the insulation blanket and not on the sides of the insulation blanket, to ensure good thermal insulation on the sides of the mattress. The blades 50 and allow to stiffen the system for greater strength, particularly sought in the case of outdoor use, sometimes requiring to withstand strong winds.

The mattress of the thermal insulation device may also comprise, on at least one of its walls 10, a fabric 60, for example of fabric or polymeric fabric. The thermal insulation device may comprise two webs 60, one on each of the walls 10 of the mattress 1. The fabric 60 may be folded, the folds allowing natural folding / unfolding, without additional means. As a variant, the fabric 60 may be flat and come to wind on an additional additional cylinder (not shown). This fabric is for example fixed only at the top and bottom of the mattress. It has an essentially aesthetic role: it can be placed inside the building, in order to hide the aluminized walls of the mattress 1. If the fabric 60 is sufficiently rigid, it can also resume the load and avoid as much as the load be taken up by the insulation blanket; this can be achieved by bonding the fabric with fasteners at each of the blades. Alternatively, the fabric 60 may come in place of the son 51 if the latter is sufficiently rigid.

The son 51 of the thermal insulation device cooperate with the blades according to two possible embodiments.

In a first variant embodiment, the horizontal section of the blades 50 is substantially equivalent to the thickness of the mattress portions. The holes in each blade 50 are then offset to the outside of the blade, for example by being made in a lug projecting from the blade or by being attached to the blade.

In a second variant embodiment, the horizontal section of the blades 50 is slightly greater than that of the mattress parts. The holes are then made in the width of the blades which exceeds the thickness of the mattress parts.

The holes in the blades 50 can simply let the wires 51 slide. In this case, the thickness of the mattress 1 is kept constant by its very structure, in particular by the presence of the blades 50 which make it possible to limit the height of each part of mattress. Alternatively, the fabric 60 may be fixed to each of the blades so, if it is sufficiently rigid, to ensure a gap between two substantially constant adjacent blades 50 and thus to maintain the thickness of the mattress in the unfolded position substantially constant over the entire height and the entire width of the mattress.

Alternatively, the son 51 are provided with means 52 for locking the blades 50. These locking means 52 are arranged at regular intervals on the son to ensure a substantially constant spacing between the blades 50 over the entire height of the mattress. The locking means 52 may be arranged, in the unfolded position, either above each of the blades, or below each of the blades. This allows the slides 50 to slide relative to a portion of the son 51 and thus relieve the mattress of any mechanical stress respectively on the descent or on the climb. Alternatively, the locking means 52 may be arranged, in unfolded position, both above and below each of the blades (as shown in FIG. figure 19 ), which prevents slides 50 from sliding relative to the son 51. The locking means 52 can be adjusted so that each mattress portion is not fully deployed in the unfolded position, and therefore is not "stretched" , in order to avoid as much as possible any load taken up by the mattress and thus to avoid any risk associated tearing or breaking. The locking means 52 may be for example a snap-in system or a glanding system, whose diameter is adapted to that of the son and whose height in the vertical direction is sufficiently limited to allow a minimum space requirement of these locking means in folded position.

The blades 12 and allow to keep the insulation deployed in its thickness, thus ensuring good thermal performance.

The son 51 can resume the load of the mass of the movable board 3 located at the bottom of the mattress and serving as ballast for the deployment of the mattress. The resumption of the load by the son 51 or the cloth 60 avoids damage to the mattress that does not have the mechanical properties required to take up this load, which ensures the durability over time of the device. thermal insulation.

The thermal insulation device also comprises slides adapted to the shape of the blades as shown in the drawings. figures 17 and 18 when the blades comprise a recess in width in which the holes are made. Thus, the rise and fall of the mattress are not hindered by the edge of the wings, while maximum thermal insulation is ensured by avoiding air infiltration from the sides. The slides may also have a recess to hide the son 51 for aesthetic reasons essentially. In general, additional dishes can be set up, especially at the top at the level of fixing the mattress to the chest 2, this to prevent any passage of air at this level.

Thus, the embodiment of the thermal insulation device with blades 50 ensures a good deployment of the mattress, increase the overall strength of the thermal insulation device, improve the guidance of the mattress and, possibly, to transmit the own charge of the mattress and the movable board 3 in the presence of locking means 52 and thus relieve the insulating mattress of mechanical tensile stresses.

In the other embodiments illustrated on the Figures 4a, 4b , 5, 6 , 9 , 12a and 12b the mattress is of rigid material, typically with a channel wall thickness of the order of 0.5 to 1.5 mm. When the mattress is in the folded position, each channel, which has hinges, is folded.

In the embodiment of Figures 4a, 4b and 9 , the channels 12 have a rectangular or square shape when unfolded. In this embodiment, the channels 12 are of rigid material with hinges located at the corners of the rectangular or square section and in the middle of two parallel sides (the vertical sides) of the rectangular or square section of each channel. The hinges allow easy folding with easy folded shaping while the movable board 3 allows easy unfolding with easy unfolded shaping. If the material of the mattress 1 is sufficiently rigid, the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 and rings 21 shown are not necessary. On the other hand, if the material is not rigid enough to ensure that the thickness of the mattress is substantially constant over the entire height and width of the unfolded mattress, the first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 and 21 rings shown are necessary. Moreover, the thickness of the mattress remains constant between the folded position ( figure 4b ) and the unfolded position, or an intermediate position almost completely unfolded ( figure 4a ) in which a large part of the channels is unfolded, as can be seen by comparing the figures.

In the embodiment of the figure 5 the channels 12 are shown semi-folded. Some channels 12 have a square section and other channels have a rectangular section when the mattress is in the unfolded position; they have a concave hexagon shape with two re-entrant angles or a more or less elongated butterfly shape when they are semi-folded. The hinges are located at the corners of the square section and in the middle of two parallel sides (the vertical sides) of the square section of each square section channel. For rectangular channels, several hinges are located along each long side. The columns of square section channels and rectangular section channels are alternated, which makes it possible to avoid paths in direct line, and thus to limit thermal bridges compared to a mattress comprising only square section channels, and therefore to improve the thermal insulation. In unfolded position, the outer walls 10 are planar.

In the embodiment of the figure 5 , the thickness of the mattress remains constant between the folded position and the unfolded position. In the embodiment of the figure 5 the mattress may be of rigid material or of flexible material, with first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables 20 and rings 21 or not.

We will now see embodiments with varying thickness between folded and unfolded positions.

In the embodiment of the figure 6 the channels 12 are shown semi-folded. The channels 12 have a triangular section when the mattress is in the unfolded position. The hinges are located at the corners of the triangular section and in the middle of one side of the triangular section of each channel 12. In the unfolded position, the outer walls 10 are flat.

In the embodiment of Figures 12a and 12b , the channels 12 have a hexagonal section with two re-entrant angles (of butterfly shape), more or less flattened depending on whether they are more or less folded. The hinges are located at each corner of the hexagon.

In the embodiments of figures 6 and 12a / 12b , the thickness of the mattress varies auxetically between the folded position (for example figure 12b ) and the unfolded position (for example figure 12a ), that is to say that the thickness decreases when the mattress is folded.

Other channel section shapes may be envisioned, such as circular or other types of polygons than those mentioned above.

The thermal insulation device according to the invention mounted between a window and a shutter provides an additional thermal resistance of the closure as defined by Thermal Regulation 2005 (RT2005) greater than 0.25 m ² .K / W, in particular at least 0.3 m ² .K / W, especially up to 1 m ² .K / W or up to 2 m ² .K / W or more. The additional thermal resistance of the closure is a quantity defined in the Th-U Rules. Fascicle 3/5 Glass walls - Calculation of the thermal coefficients of the glazed walls, page 5. It represents the additional thermal resistance provided by the thermal insulation device according to the invention mounted in a building opening. Thus, a window assembly + thermal insulation device + shutter allows a decrease in thermal flux Ujn (average U-value day-night taking into account an intermittent use of the closure according to the Th-U Rules Fascicule 3/5, page 5) of the order of 20% compared to a window + shutter assembly without thermal insulation device when the additional resistance is 1 m ² .K / W.

Claims (17)

Thermal insulation device of a building opening, comprising: a thermally insulating mattress (1) comprising at least two outer walls (10), between which internal partitioning means (11) are provided, the mattress (1) being fixed at one of its ends and foldable / foldable between positions folded and unfolded, - Means for maintaining substantially constant thickness of the mattress (1) in the unfolded position over the entire height and width of the mattress, a movable board (3) fixed to the end of the mattress opposite to its fixed end, - Guiding means of the board (3) movable between the folded and unfolded positions. Thermal insulation device according to claim 1, wherein the internal partitioning means (11) of the mattress (1) form a plurality of channels (12) of air parallel to each other and fixed to each other, the channels (12) being open at their ends, and having in the unfolded position of the mattress (1) a substantially round section, rhombus, square, triangular, hexagonal or shaped other polygons, concave or convex, of a possibly metallized material. Thermal insulation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress (1) in unfolded position over the entire height and width of the mattress comprise: rigid or tensioned guides (20), extending in the direction of folding / unfolding, respectively close to each free edge of each external wall (10) of the mattress (1), and connecting pieces (21) fixed to the free edges of the outer walls (10) of the mattress (1) and in sliding connection with the guides (20), - The spacing between guides on either side of the insulating mat determining the distance between the connecting pieces between the free edges of the same wall (10) and between the free edges of two opposite walls. Thermal insulation device according to claim 3, wherein: - The guides comprise four first (first) rods, bars, wires or cables (20) substantially parallel to each other and arranged (s) around the mattress (1), substantially perpendicular to the board (3) movable , and - The connecting pieces comprise a plurality of rings (21) fixed near the edges of the outer walls (10) of the mattress (1), each ring (21) being adapted to slide along one (of) the first four (first) rods, bars, wires or cables (20) so that the mattress (1) can be unfolded or folded while being held taut in width and thickness. Thermal insulation device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress in unfolded position over the entire height and width of the mattress further comprise a plurality of second bars, rods, wires or cables (22) fixed on the outer walls (10) of the mattress (1), parallel to the movable board (3), at the end of which can be fixed the connecting pieces (21). Thermal insulation device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the means for substantially constant maintenance of the thickness of the mattress (1) in unfolded position over the entire height and the width of the mattress (1) are at least partly formed by the walls of the channels (12), which are of rigid material and provided with folding hinges / unfolding. Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a manual or motorized control system (6, 7) for raising / lowering the board (3) movable between the folded and unfolded positions. Thermal insulation device according to claim 7, wherein the system comprises: two worms (7), each located on one side of the mattress (1), and adapted to drive the board (3) movable between the folded and unfolded positions, and possibly able to form said rigid or tensioned guides (20); ) (20) near each free edge of each outer wall (10) of the mattress (1) - An electric motor (6) adapted to drive the worm (7) in rotation. Thermal insulation device according to claim 8, wherein the movable board (3) is traversed by the worm (7) and has two through-holes (8) with a part at least partially threaded, formed in particular in a nut ( 9) integral with the board, each threaded through holes being adapted to cooperate with the worm (7) to drive the board (3) movable between the folded and unfolded positions. Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide means of the board (3) movable between the folded and unfolded positions comprise: rigid or tensioned guides (20, 23, 7, 40) near the lateral edges of the board (3), passing through it or not, chosen in particular from threaded rods or not, bars, wires or cables, which are identical or different from means for substantially constant retention of the thickness of the mattress in the unfolded position, - Guide surfaces made in orifices (8) threaded or not through the board or in guide pieces (9, 41) integral with the board, with at least one degree of freedom in translation of the guide surfaces on the guides . Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a trunk (2) in which the mattress (1) is completely contained when in the folded position, the trunk can incorporate a shutter mechanism. Thermal insulation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mattress (1) comprises an alternation of mattress parts and blades (50), the mattress parts each having at least two channel layers (12) and the blades (50) being horizontal and of horizontal section at least equivalent to that of the mattress parts. A thermal insulation device according to claim 12, further comprising wires (51) extending in the fold / unfold direction, and each passing through a hole in proximity to or through each free edge of each blade (50) of the mattress (1) and including, where appropriate, locking means (52) of the blades (50) relative to the son (51). Thermal insulation device according to claim 12 or 13, further comprising a web (60) attached to each blade (50) of the mattress (1). Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising two slides (29) each located on one side of the mattress (1), each slide (29) being provided with means for limiting the input movements of air in the slide and / or means for limiting the air inlet movements between the two outer walls (10) of the mattress, in particular in the channels (12) of the mattress (1) according to claim 2. Thermal insulation device according to claim 15, wherein the means for limiting the air inlet movements comprise contact surfaces formed by pads, brushes or seals (30) which are in contact with the outer walls (10) of the mattress (1) and / or formed by pads or planks (32) perpendicular to the plane of the mattress (1) in unfolded position, and located opposite the open ends of the mattress between the outer walls (10), especially channels (12) of the mattress according to claim 2. Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the board (3) movable is provided with a seal or a brush (5) on the side of the board (3) opposite the mattress (1).

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