EP2282885A2 - Additive fabrication 3d printing - Google Patents

Additive fabrication 3d printing

Info

Publication number
EP2282885A2
EP2282885A2 EP09761547A EP09761547A EP2282885A2 EP 2282885 A2 EP2282885 A2 EP 2282885A2 EP 09761547 A EP09761547 A EP 09761547A EP 09761547 A EP09761547 A EP 09761547A EP 2282885 A2 EP2282885 A2 EP 2282885A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
meth
acrylate
powder matrix
group
powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP09761547A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Günter Schmitt
Gilbert KÜHL
Thomas Riermeier
Armin Steffan
Dirk Poppe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Roehm GmbH Darmstadt
Original Assignee
Evonik Roehm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Roehm GmbH filed Critical Evonik Roehm GmbH
Publication of EP2282885A2 publication Critical patent/EP2282885A2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/002—Coloured
    • B29K2995/0021—Multi-coloured

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an additive fabrication method with which colored three-dimensional objects can be produced from a powder matrix without additional process steps for solidifying the material.
  • Rapid prototyping or rapid manufacturing processes generally additive fabrication processes are production processes that have the aim of converting existing 3D CAD data directly and quickly into workpieces, if possible without manual detours or forms.
  • EP 0171069 discloses that in stereolithography, a layer of a liquid polymer resin is deposited and selectively cured by selective energy input by means of a tiltable laser beam.
  • WO 88/02677 describes the SLS process in which a layer of a sintered material is applied and selectively partially melted and bonded thereto. Again, the selective energy supply via a pivotable laser beam.
  • WO 95/05943 a method of selective application from the group of rapid prototyping is known.
  • a building material is selectively in selected parts of the process area by means of a drop-on-demand print head.
  • the remaining sections are also filled with molten wax as a support material by means of a drop-on-demand printhead.
  • Each subsequent layer is deposited on a previous layer only after it has solidified. This process is repeated layer by layer until the structural body is completed.
  • Wax or similar supportive materials such as resins can be applied by a drop-on-demand print head but only in very small drops because of the material-specific surface tension.
  • the deposition of the wax drops to fill a large volume of the supporting structure per layer is very expensive and can therefore lead to large objects to production periods of several days.
  • EP1227926 describes a rapid prototyping method in which a building material layer is built up in layers, wherein a supporting fluid fills the remaining partial areas.
  • the liquid resin materials used are aftertreated with a chemical reactant contained in the supporting liquid to cure it.
  • the curing process is started by heating.
  • the disadvantage here is the handling of liquids, the particular demands on the components in terms of loss-free transport and storage.
  • it is necessary to work with complicated structures with supporting structures that support the construction to completion and those in another
  • Processing step must be removed again, for example, be resolved in appropriate media.
  • the task was to provide a 3D printing process that works without the use of supporting fluids. It was the task to be able to produce the objects in sufficient strength. A post-processing by the application of strength-increasing coatings or solidification via a subsequent baking process should be avoided.
  • Another task was to be able to represent colored objects, whereby the color is not introduced by an additional processing step.
  • Powder material characterized in that a reactive methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate binder is applied with accelerator to a powder matrix, and the matrix contains an initiator system.
  • the notation (meth) acrylate as used herein means both methacrylate, e.g. Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, etc., as well as acrylates, e.g. Ethylhexyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, etc., as well as mixtures of both.
  • dyes may be added to the binder. Any dyes may be added to the binder, preferably the three primary colors and black.
  • the binders are colorless.
  • the binders contain reactive
  • (meth) acrylates which are derived from saturated alcohols having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, it being possible for the alcohol radical to be linear or branched.
  • Particularly preferred are dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, trimethylammoniumethylmethacrylate chloride, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide and trimethylammoniumpropylmethacrylamide chloride.
  • the powder matrix can consist of organic or inorganic spherical material. It is advantageous if the powder matrix consists of material with different particle size distribution.
  • organic materials preferably polymethyl (meth) acrylate or polyamide, and mixtures thereof.
  • inorganic materials preferably of SiO 2 or Al (OH) 3, and mixtures thereof.
  • binders with accelerator and initiator in the powder matrix are suitable.
  • the accelerators in the binder are selected from the group of toluidines.
  • initiator systems selected from the group of peroxides, preferably benzoyl peroxide or lauryl peroxide, in the powder matrix are then used.
  • Another suitable system contains organosulfonic compounds as accelerators in the binder. These are then preferably combined with initiators selected from the group of permalates. Upon encounter of these or other suitable binders with accelerator and the corresponding initiator, a chemical reaction occurs at the point of application. This leads to curing of the matrix.
  • the binder liquid is applied via a movable cartridge, which is above the
  • Powder material reservoir is arranged.
  • a plurality of ink cartridges may be used, comprising the binder, the accelerator and dyes and other auxiliary and
  • the cartridge comprises at least one binder nozzle, each nozzle being coupled to a binder supply to selectively apply binder to the layers of the building material.
  • binder may be applied in the layers of the powder matrix. Due to the different binder amounts, the partial strength can be controlled. In particular, on the outer sides or at higher stress points thus a higher strength is achieved.
  • a supply of colored and colorless binders is used. Drops of binder and Dyes are selectively applied to the powder matrix to produce multicolor objects.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an additive fabrication method with which colored three-dimensional objects can be produced from a powder matrix, without additional steps for solidification of the material.

Description

Additive Fabrication - 3 D Druck Additive Fabrication - 3 D pressure
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Additive Fabrication-Verfahren, mit dem farbige dreidimensionale Objekte aus einer Pulvermatrix hergestellt werden können, ohne zusätzliche Verfahrensschritte zur Verfestigung des Materials.The invention relates to an additive fabrication method with which colored three-dimensional objects can be produced from a powder matrix without additional process steps for solidifying the material.
Rapid-Prototyping bzw. Rapid-Manufacturing-Verfahren, generell Additive Fabrication-Verfahren sind Fertigungsverfahren, die das Ziel haben, vorhandene 3 D CAD-Daten möglichst ohne manuelle Umwege oder Formen direkt und schnell in Werkstücke umzusetzen.Rapid prototyping or rapid manufacturing processes, generally additive fabrication processes are production processes that have the aim of converting existing 3D CAD data directly and quickly into workpieces, if possible without manual detours or forms.
Unter den Rapid-Prototyping-Verfahren gibt es zwei Gruppen von Verfahren. Bei einer Vorgehensweise wird auf die gesamte Oberfläche aufgetragenes Material selektiv gebundenAmong the rapid prototyping methods, there are two groups of methods. In one approach, material applied to the entire surface is selectively bound
(Selektivverkleben) . Stereolithographie und Selektiv-Laser- Verfahren (SLS) sind bekannte Verfahren, die nach diesem Prinzip arbeiten. Bei der anderen Verfahrenstechnik wird das Material selektiv abgelagert und gebunden(Selective bonding). Stereolithography and selective laser techniques (SLS) are known methods that operate on this principle. In the other process technique, the material is selectively deposited and bound
(Selektivauftragen) .(Selective application).
EP 0171069 offenbart, dass bei der Stereolithographie eine Schicht eines flüssigen Polymerharzes abgelagert und durch selektive Energiezufuhr mittels eines schwenkbaren Laserstrahles selektiv ausgehärtet wird.EP 0171069 discloses that in stereolithography, a layer of a liquid polymer resin is deposited and selectively cured by selective energy input by means of a tiltable laser beam.
Die WO 88/02677 beschreibt das SLS-Verfahren, bei dem eine Schicht eines Sintermaterials aufgetragen und selektiv teilweise geschmolzen und damit verklebt wird. Auch hier erfolgt die selektive Energiezufuhr über einen schwenkbaren Laserstrahl .WO 88/02677 describes the SLS process in which a layer of a sintered material is applied and selectively partially melted and bonded thereto. Again, the selective energy supply via a pivotable laser beam.
Aus der WO 95/05943 ist ein Verfahren des selektiven Auftragens aus der Gruppe des Rapid-Prototypings bekannt. Ein Baumaterial wird selektiv in selektierte Teilbereiche des Prozessbereichs mittels eines Drop-on-Demand- Druckkopfes abgelagert. Die verbleibenden Teilbereiche werden auch mittels eines Drop-on-Demand-Druckkopfes mit geschmolzenem Wachs als Supporting-Material verfüllt. Jede nachfolgende Schicht wird auf eine vorhergehende Schicht nur nach deren Verfestigung abgelagert. Dieser Prozess wird Schicht für Schicht wiederholt, bis der Strukturkörper vervollständigt ist.From WO 95/05943 a method of selective application from the group of rapid prototyping is known. A building material is selectively in selected parts of the process area by means of a drop-on-demand print head. The remaining sections are also filled with molten wax as a support material by means of a drop-on-demand printhead. Each subsequent layer is deposited on a previous layer only after it has solidified. This process is repeated layer by layer until the structural body is completed.
Wachs oder ähnliche Supporting-Materialien wie Harze können durch einen Drop-on-Demand-Druckkopf jedoch wegen der materialspezifischen Oberflächenspannung nur in sehr kleinen Tropfen aufgetragen werden. Die Ablagerung der Wachstropfen zum Verfüllen eines großen Volumens der Supporting-Struktur pro Schicht ist sehr aufwendig und kann daher für große Objekte zu Herstellungszeiträumen von mehreren Tagen führen.Wax or similar supportive materials such as resins can be applied by a drop-on-demand print head but only in very small drops because of the material-specific surface tension. The deposition of the wax drops to fill a large volume of the supporting structure per layer is very expensive and can therefore lead to large objects to production periods of several days.
In der EP1227926 wird ein Rapid-Prototyping Verfahren beschrieben, bei dem schichtweise eine Baumaterialschicht aufgebaut wird, wobei ein Supporting-Fluid die verbleibenden Teilbereiche verfüllt. Die verwendeten Flüssigharzmaterialien werden mit einem chemischen Reaktionsmittel nachbehandelt, welches in der Supporting- Flüssigkeit enthalten ist, um dieses auszuhärten. Der Aushärtungsprozess wird durch Erwärmen gestartet. Nachteilig ist hier das Handling mit Flüssigkeiten, das besondere Anforderungen an die Bauteile bezüglich des verlustfreien Transports und der Lagerung. Außerdem muss bei komplizierten Strukturen mit Supporting Strukturen gearbeitet werden, die die Konstruktion bis zur Fertigstellung stützen und die in einem weiterenEP1227926 describes a rapid prototyping method in which a building material layer is built up in layers, wherein a supporting fluid fills the remaining partial areas. The liquid resin materials used are aftertreated with a chemical reactant contained in the supporting liquid to cure it. The curing process is started by heating. The disadvantage here is the handling of liquids, the particular demands on the components in terms of loss-free transport and storage. In addition, it is necessary to work with complicated structures with supporting structures that support the construction to completion and those in another
Verarbeitungsschritt wieder entfernt werden müssen, beispielsweise in entsprechenden Medien aufgelöst werden.Processing step must be removed again, for example, be resolved in appropriate media.
Aufgabe war es ein 3 D Druck-Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, das ohne die Verwendung von Supporting-Fluiden arbeitet. Es war Aufgabe, die Objekte in ausreichender Festigkeit herstellen zu können. Eine Nachbearbeitung durch das Auftragen von festigkeitserhöhenden Beschichtungen oder die Verfestigung über einen nachgeschalteten Einbrennprozess soll vermieden werden.The task was to provide a 3D printing process that works without the use of supporting fluids. It was the task to be able to produce the objects in sufficient strength. A post-processing by the application of strength-increasing coatings or solidification via a subsequent baking process should be avoided.
Der Einsatz von Feststoffen sollte jedoch auch nicht in die Problematik der Feinstäube, mit ihrem Gefährdungspotential für die Gesundheit, gelangen.However, the use of solids should also not reach the problem of fine dust, with its potential hazard to health.
Eine weitere Aufgabe war es, farbige Objekte darstellen zu können, wobei die Farbe nicht erst durch einen zusätzlichen Verarbeitungsschritt eingebracht werden soll.Another task was to be able to represent colored objects, whereby the color is not introduced by an additional processing step.
Gelöst wurde diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler Strukturen durch mehrfache aufeinanderfolgende Auftragung dünner Schichten einesThis problem was solved by a method for producing three-dimensional structures by multiple successive application of thin layers of a
Pulvermaterials, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein reaktives Methyl (meth) acrylat/Polymethyl (meth) acrylat- Bindemittel mit Beschleuniger auf eine Pulvermatrix aufgetragen wird, und die Matrix ein Initiatorsystem enthält.Powder material, characterized in that a reactive methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate binder is applied with accelerator to a powder matrix, and the matrix contains an initiator system.
Überraschend wurde gefunden, dass bei der Auftragung der dünnen Schichten mit dem erfindungsgemäßen reaktiven Methyl (meth) acrylat/Polymethyl (meth) acrylat Bindemittel, das einen Beschleuniger enthält, sofort eine Reaktion bei Kontakt mit dem in der Pulvermatrix befindlichen Initiator ausgelöst wird. Dies führt zur sofortigen Bildung einer festen Struktur.Surprisingly, it has been found that during the application of the thin layers with the reactive methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate according to the invention binder containing an accelerator, a reaction is initiated immediately upon contact with the initiator in the powder matrix. This leads to the immediate formation of a solid structure.
Die Schreibweise (Meth) acrylat bedeutet hier sowohl Methacrylat, wie z.B. Methylmethacrylat, Ethylmethacrylat usw., als auch Acrylate, wie z.B. Ethylhexylacrylat, Ethylacrylat usw., sowie Mischungen aus beiden.The notation (meth) acrylate as used herein means both methacrylate, e.g. Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, etc., as well as acrylates, e.g. Ethylhexyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, etc., as well as mixtures of both.
Vorteilhafterweise können dem Bindemittel Farbstoffe zugegeben werden. Dem Bindemittel können beliebige Farbstoffe zugegeben werden, bevorzugt die drei Primärfarben und Schwarz. In einer besonderen Ausführungsform sind die Bindemittel farblos .Advantageously, dyes may be added to the binder. Any dyes may be added to the binder, preferably the three primary colors and black. In a particular embodiment, the binders are colorless.
Die Bindemittel enthalten reaktivesThe binders contain reactive
Methyl (meth) acrylat/Polymethyl (meth) acrylat aus der Gruppe der (Meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylsäuren, (Meth) acrylaminen oder kationischen (Meth) acrylaten und/oder deren Mischungen . Besonders bevorzugt sind (Meth) acrylate, die sich von gesättigten Alkoholen mit 1 bis 40 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise 1 bis 24 C-Atome ableiten, wobei der Alkoholrest linear oder verzweigt sein kann. Besonders bevorzugt sind Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylat, Trimethylammoniumethylmethacrylat-chlorid, Dirnethylaminopropylmethacrylamid und Trimethylammoniumpropylmethacrylamid-chlorid.Methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate from the group of (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylic acids, (meth) acrylamines or cationic (meth) acrylates and / or mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to (meth) acrylates which are derived from saturated alcohols having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, it being possible for the alcohol radical to be linear or branched. Particularly preferred are dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, trimethylammoniumethylmethacrylate chloride, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide and trimethylammoniumpropylmethacrylamide chloride.
Es wurde gefunden, dass die Pulvermatrix aus organischem oder anorganischem kugelförmigem Material bestehen kann. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Pulvermatrix aus Material mit unterschiedlicher Korngrößenverteilung besteht .It has been found that the powder matrix can consist of organic or inorganic spherical material. It is advantageous if the powder matrix consists of material with different particle size distribution.
Geeignet ist kugelförmiges Material mit Kugeldurchmessern zwischen 2 und 500 μm, bevorzugt zwischen 2 und 50 μm, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 5 und 30 μm.Spherical material with ball diameters between 2 and 500 μm, preferably between 2 and 50 μm, particularly preferably between 5 and 30 μm, is suitable.
Es können organische Materialien, bevorzugt aus Polymethy (meth) acrylat oder Polyamid und deren Mischungen eingesetzt werden.It is possible to use organic materials, preferably polymethyl (meth) acrylate or polyamide, and mixtures thereof.
Es können aber auch anorganische Materialien, bevorzugt aus Siθ2 oder Al (OH) 3 und deren Mischungen verwendet werden.However, it is also possible to use inorganic materials, preferably of SiO 2 or Al (OH) 3, and mixtures thereof.
Es sind verschiedene Systeme aus Bindemitteln mit Beschleuniger und Initiator in der Pulvermatrix geeignet. Beispielsweise werden die Beschleuniger im Bindemittel ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Toluidine. Hierzu werden dann als Initiatorsysteme ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Peroxide, bevorzugt Benzoylperoxid oder Laurylperoxid in der Pulvermatrix eingesetzt.Various systems of binders with accelerator and initiator in the powder matrix are suitable. For example, the accelerators in the binder are selected from the group of toluidines. For this purpose, initiator systems selected from the group of peroxides, preferably benzoyl peroxide or lauryl peroxide, in the powder matrix are then used.
Ein anderes geeignetes System enthält als Beschleuniger im Bindemittel organosulfonische Verbindungen. Diese werden dann bevorzugt mit Initiatoren ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Permaleinate kombiniert. Bei dem Zusammentreffen dieser oder anderer geeigneter Bindemittel mit Beschleuniger und dem entsprechenden Initiator erfolgt eine chemische Reaktion am Auftragungspunkt. Diese führt zum Aushärten der Matrix.Another suitable system contains organosulfonic compounds as accelerators in the binder. These are then preferably combined with initiators selected from the group of permalates. Upon encounter of these or other suitable binders with accelerator and the corresponding initiator, a chemical reaction occurs at the point of application. This leads to curing of the matrix.
Üblicherweise wird die Bindemittelflüssigkeit über eine bewegliche Kartusche aufgebracht, die über demUsually, the binder liquid is applied via a movable cartridge, which is above the
Pulvermaterialreservoir angeordnet ist. Zur Bearbeitung farbiger Objekte können wie aus dem Stand der Technik für 2-D-Tintenstrahl-Farbdrucker bekannt, mehrere Farbkartuschen verwendet werden, die das Bindemittel, den Beschleuniger und Farbstoffe sowie weitere Hilfs- undPowder material reservoir is arranged. For the processing of colored objects, as known from the prior art for 2-D ink-jet color printer, a plurality of ink cartridges may be used, comprising the binder, the accelerator and dyes and other auxiliary and
Zusatzstoffe enthalten. Die Kartusche umfasst mindestens eine Bindemitteldüse, wobei jede Düse mit einem Bindemittelvorrat gekoppelt ist, um Bindemittel auf die Schichten des Aufbaumaterials selektiv aufzubringen.Contain additives. The cartridge comprises at least one binder nozzle, each nozzle being coupled to a binder supply to selectively apply binder to the layers of the building material.
Verschiedene Mengen von Bindemittel können in den Schichten der Pulvermatrix aufgebracht werden. Durch die unterschiedlichen Bindemittelmengen kann die Teilfestigkeit gesteuert werden. Insbesondere an den Außenseiten bzw. an stärker beanspruchten Stellen wird somit eine höhere Festigkeit erzielt.Various amounts of binder may be applied in the layers of the powder matrix. Due to the different binder amounts, the partial strength can be controlled. In particular, on the outer sides or at higher stress points thus a higher strength is achieved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Vorrat an gefärbten und farblosen Bindemitteln eingesetzt. Tropfen von Bindemittel und Farbstoff werden selektiv auf die Pulvermatrix aufgebracht, um mehrfarbige Objekte zu erzeugen. According to the invention, a supply of colored and colorless binders is used. Drops of binder and Dyes are selectively applied to the powder matrix to produce multicolor objects.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Additive Fabrication-Verfahren zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler Strukturen durch mehrfache aufeinanderfolgende Auftragung dünner Schichten eines Pulvermaterials, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein reaktives Methyl (meth) acrylat/Polymethyl (meth) acrylat- Bindemittel mit Beschleuniger auf eine Pulvermatrix aufgetragen wird, und die Matrix ein Initiatorsystem enthält.An additive fabrication method for producing three-dimensional structures by multiple successive application of thin layers of a powder material, characterized in that a reactive methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate binder is applied to a powder matrix with accelerator, and the matrix Contains initiator system.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bindemittel Farbstoffe enthalten. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the binders contain dyes.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bindemittel drei Primärfarben und Schwarz enthalten .3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the binders contain three primary colors and black.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bindemittel farblos sind. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the binders are colorless.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bindemittel reaktives5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the binders reactive
Methyl (meth) acrylat/Polymethyl (meth) acrylat aus der Gruppe der (Meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylsäuren, (Meth) acrylaminen oder kationischen (Meth) acrylaten und deren Mischungen enthält.Methyl (meth) acrylate / polymethyl (meth) acrylate from the group of (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylic acids, (meth) acrylamines or cationic (meth) acrylates and mixtures thereof.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulvermatrix aus organischem oder anorganischem kugelförmigem Material besteht. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder matrix consists of organic or inorganic spherical material.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulvermatrix aus Material mit unterschiedlicher Korngrößenverteilung besteht.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the powder matrix consists of material with different particle size distribution.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulvermatrix aus kugelförmigem Material mit8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the powder matrix of spherical material with
Kugeldurchmessern zwischen 2 und 500 μm, bevorzugt zwischen 2 und 50 μm, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 5 und 30 μm, besteht.Ball diameters between 2 and 500 .mu.m, preferably between 2 and 50 .mu.m, more preferably between 5 and 30 microns, there is.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulvermatrix aus organischen Materialien, bevorzugt aus Polymethy (meth) acrylat oder Polyamid und deren Mischungen, besteht.9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the powder matrix consists of organic materials, preferably of polymethyl (meth) acrylate or polyamide and mixtures thereof.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pulvermatrix aus anorganischen Materialien, bevorzugt aus Siθ2 oder Al (OH) 3 und deren Mischungen, besteht .10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the powder matrix consists of inorganic materials, preferably of SiO 2 or Al (OH) 3 and mixtures thereof.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschleuniger in der Pulvermatrix ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe der Toluidine oder organosulfonischen Verbindungen.11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the accelerators in the powder matrix are selected from the group of toluidines or organosulfonic compounds.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Initiatorsystem ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe der Peroxide, bevorzugt Benzoylperoxid oder Laurylperoxid. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiator system is selected from the group of peroxides, preferably benzoyl peroxide or lauryl peroxide.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Initiatorsystem ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe der Permaleinate . 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the initiator system is selected from the group of Permaleinate.
EP09761547A 2008-06-11 2009-04-23 Additive fabrication 3d printing Ceased EP2282885A2 (en)

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DE102008002352A DE102008002352A1 (en) 2008-06-11 2008-06-11 Additive Fabrication - 3 D pressure
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