EP2185457B1 - Lift-car door which, in order to open the car, can be moved optionally upwards or downwards over its entire vertical length - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift (10) having a car (12, 12') which is open to at least one side and a car door (18, 18') which closes the at least one car opening (14), wherein there is provision according to the invention for it to be possible for the car door (18, 18'), in order to open the car opening (14), to be moved optionally upwards or downwards over its entire vertical length (H) in a vertical plane which is defined by the car door (18, 18').

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator with a cabin open to at least one side and a cabin door closing the at least one cabin opening. In particular, the invention relates to elevators used for the transport of large loads in industrial production facilities. The term cabin used here can be equated with the term car.

In such elevators, it is particularly desirable that the cabin interior be as large as possible in order to allow a large transport volume. So far, such elevators upwardly or downwardly movable, telescopic cabin doors in which at least one half of the car door is received in the other half of the car door when opening. Furthermore, such telescopic cabin doors are also known in vertically or horizontally split design, in which each one upper and one lower cabin door half is moved telescopically up or down. Finally, rolling doors are also known for such goods lifts, where the car door consists of several articulated segments connected to each other, which are deflected when opening above the cabin and possibly rolled up.

An example of an elevator with upwardly opening cabin for is the US-A-3447637 refer to.

These previously known solutions have the disadvantage that they are relatively complicated in their design and also claim more space especially for telescopic doors, with this increased space requirements for the cabin door directly affects the available transport volume of the cabin or the car.

The object of the invention is to provide an elevator which maximizes the available transport volume in the cabin or in the car allows.

For this purpose, it is proposed according to the invention that the car door for opening the cabin opening over its entire vertical length is movable either upwards or downwards in a vertical plane defined by the car door.

The pure translational vertical displacement of the car door to open the car door requires neither a telescoping of the car door nor the construction of movably interconnected door segments with a Umlenkungsmimik or Aufrollmimik, so that the car door can be made very simple. Furthermore, such a car door compared to telescopic doors on a much smaller thickness, the difference in thickness allows a telescopic cabin door, an enlargement of the cabin interior by a few centimeters. Furthermore, can be dispensed with complicated deflection mechanisms or Aufrollmechanismen. Thus, such a car door also leads to cost savings in the production.

In a further development, it is proposed that the opening direction of the car door is dependent on the position of the elevator car in a hoistway surrounding the car. In this case, provision is made in particular for the car door to be moved upward in order to open the car when the elevator car is positioned at its lowermost position in the elevator shaft and the car door is moved down to open the car when the elevator car is in its uppermost position in the elevator car Elevator shaft is positioned.

Lift shafts are dimensioned in their vertical extent usually such that between the shaft bottom and the bottom of the cabin in its lowest shaft position a security space is formed, which allows a mechanic to examine the elevator car from below or to wait. Likewise is between the top of the cabin in their uppermost position in the elevator shaft and the shaft ceiling formed a shelter. These shelters in the pit or in the shaft head are in the vertical direction usually about 1 m high. Such a small escape space does not present a problem with the elevator according to the invention in terms of door operation for the reasons mentioned above, since the door is movable alternately up (on the lowest floor) or down (on the top floor).

In a further development, it is proposed that a space be provided in the region of the cabin opening between the elevator car and the elevator shaft, which is dimensioned such that the car door can be moved upwards or downwards in this distance and can be lowered in the open position.

As already mentioned above, the car door, which is movable over its entire vertical length, has a substantially constant thickness, which essentially determines the distance to be formed between the elevator car and the elevator shaft. Of course, due to manufacturing tolerances and due to the relative mobility of the elevator to the elevator shaft certain tolerances must be provided so that the distance will be slightly greater than the thickness of the car door. The retractability of the car door in this gap formed between the elevator car and the elevator shaft makes it possible for the entire car door opening to be released, so that it is also possible to pick up loads in the elevator which essentially correspond to the car interior height.

In order to enable a precise movement of the car door in the vertical plane, the car door is preferably guided by arranged on the elevator car side guide rails in their movement downwards or upwards. It is preferred that the guide rails have at least two telescoping rail sections, which allow both upwards and downwards a telescopic extension of the guide rails beyond the vertical cabin height addition. The guide rails proposed here thus act for the cabin door similar to a drawer extension, as is well known in furniture.

In order to ensure and stabilize the position of the car door in the vertical plane in the opened state, it is further proposed that one of the rail sections is designed as a base rail which passes over the height of the car and has a greater length than the car height. In this case, the base rail protrude both above and below the cabin and in it can be accommodated at least a second rail section which is movable relative to the base rail up and down from the base rail out. The up and down over the cabin height projecting portions of the base rail, which is attached to the elevator car, provide a grip for both running in the base rail and vertically further up and down further rail sections and also provide a support for the vertical Cabin door shifted upwards or downwards. The at least one second rail section is preferably connected to the car door, so that the car door can be moved along with the rail sections along the base rails vertically.

In a further development, it is proposed that the elevator has a control unit, by means of which the opening direction of the car door can be determined on the basis of an input value, in particular position information of the elevator car within the elevator shaft. This allows an automated opening of the car door depending on the current position of the car in the elevator shaft. Of course, it is also conceivable that the opening direction of the car door is determined by manual operation, for example by directly raising or lowering the car door or by operating an arranged in the cab actuator, with which the opening direction can be determined.

Preferably, the control unit is programmed such that the car door is opened by default in a main direction and only then opened in a reverse direction when a full opening of the car door in the main direction due to the elevator car position in the elevator shaft is not possible. For example, if the car door is opened by default downwards (main direction), it will only open upwards if the space down the elevator shaft is no longer sufficient to accommodate the entire vertical length of the car door, which will be the case in particular the cabin is at its lowest position in the elevator shaft and only the height of the shelter described above is available down. Of course, the main direction can also be selected upwards. However, the main opening direction downwards leads to an advantageous embodiment, as the cabin door recessed downwards in the gap between the elevator car and the elevator shaft bridges the distance or gap with its upper edge, so that the loading and unloading of the elevator car, in particular using industrial trucks or hand pallet trucks or the like. Is facilitated.

The car door is preferably formed plate-like, and it is particularly preferred if it is formed in one piece. Alternatively, it may also be formed from two or more interconnected plate elements.

In order to easily move the car door in the vertical direction, it is proposed that the elevator comprises a car door drive which comprises at least one counterweight, which at least partially compensates the weight of the car door and can be moved in the opposite direction to the opening direction of the car door. As a result, a lower power to the car door and the counterweight different drive motor can be used. Such a counterweight preferably runs along a side wall of the cabin relative to the cabin opening, and the counterweight and the car door are in operative connection with one another via corresponding cables and rollers.

Fig. 1

ist eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Aufzugs- kabine mit geschlossener Kabinentür.

Fig. 2

ist eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Kabine von Fig. 1 mit nach unten geöffneter Kabinentür.

Fig. 3

ist eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Kabine von Fig. 1 mit nach oben geöffneter Kabinentür.

Fig. 4

ist eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung von zwei Aufzugs- schächten mit einer jeweiligen Kabine an der untersten bzw. obersten Position im Aufzugsschacht.

The invention will now be described by way of example, not limitation Embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

is a schematic perspective view of an elevator cabin with closed car door.

Fig. 2

is a schematic perspective view of the cabin of Fig. 1 with the car door open at the bottom.

Fig. 3

is a schematic perspective view of the cabin of Fig. 1 with the car door open at the top.

Fig. 4

is a schematic cross-sectional view of two elevator shafts with a respective car at the lowest or uppermost position in the elevator shaft.

One in the Fig. 1 to 3 schematically illustrated elevator 10 has an elevator car 12 with a directed to the front of the elevator cabin opening 14. Through the opening 14 loads can be introduced into the cabin interior 16 or removed therefrom. The cabin opening 14 is according to Fig. 1 closed by a car door 18 which can be opened upwards or downwards along a vertical plane, being displaced upwards or downwards over its entire vertical height H ( Fig. 2 respectively. Fig. 3 ).

On the top 20 of the cabin 12, two drive devices 22 are provided, which are rotationally coupled together via a shaft 24. These drive devices 22 allow via corresponding cables 26 and associated pulleys 28, the opening of the car door 18 in the vertical direction upwards or downwards. In order to make this opening operation as smooth as possible and to use drive units 22 with lower power, counterweights 30 are provided, which when opening the car door 18 upwards or downwards respectively in the move corresponding opposite direction.

So that the car door 18 is precisely guided in the vertical direction, lateral base rails 32 are provided along the car opening 14. In these base rails 32 telescopically movable extension rails 34 are included, which are extended when opening the car door 18 upwards or downwards from the base rail 32. This guide rail principle is similar to a drawer extension. The extension rails 34 are connected to the elevator door 18 and between the guide rails 32 and the extension rails 38 rollers are provided which allow the smooth movement of the car door 18 relative to the base rails 32. Further, a kind of braking device may be provided in these guide rails, which makes it possible to fix the car door 18 in the open or closed state due to brake friction forces, so that the door weight is not supported solely on the drive mimics on the car 12.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two elevator shafts 40, 40 ', in which a respective elevator 10 or 10' with corresponding elevator car 12 or 12 'is located.

The cabin 12 is located in the elevator shaft 40 at the lowest position, for example, a basement K. At this position, a lower shelter US formed between the bottom 42 of the car 12 and the elevator shaft bottom 44, which is usually a height of about 1 m or less. As can be seen from the illustration, the car door 18 can only be moved upwards for the complete release of the cabin opening 14, since the space downwards is not sufficient to accommodate the entire vertical length of the car door 18.

In the opposite case, the car 12 'is positioned at its uppermost position in the hoistway 40', for example a first floor 1, with an upper one between the upper side 20 'and the elevator shaft ceiling 46 Shelter OS is formed. Analogous to the situation in the elevator shaft 40, the car door 18 'can only be opened downwards because the space upwards is not sufficient to move the car door 18' upwards over its entire vertical length.

When the car 12 or 12 'is located at an intermediate position in the elevator shaft 40 or 40', for example a ground floor E, the car door 18 or 18 'can optionally be opened upwards or downwards. The direction in which the opening of the car door 18, 18 'takes place can be controlled, for example, via a control unit associated with the elevator, which decides, based on the floor information (K, E, 1), whether the car door 18, 18' is up or down should be opened. It is preferable for the car door 18, 18 'to be opened downwards as far as possible, since in this way a gap formed between the car 12, 12' and the hoistway 40, 40 'in the region of the car door passes through the upper edge 48, 48' of the car door Cab door can be bridged, which facilitates access to the cabin interior by means of trucks, hand pallet truck and the like.

It should be noted that in the schematic representation of Fig. 4 all drive units for driving the door and for the vertical movement of the car 12, 12 'inside the elevator shaft 40, 40' are omitted.

A car door 18, 18 'movable both up and down over its entire vertical length in a vertical plane may be formed as a one-piece plate or as a plate of a plurality of interconnected door segments. Overall, the design of the car door and required to open the car 12 pure vertical movement leads to a very simple and convenient design of the elevator, which complicated structures such as telescopic cabin door, deflectable or retractable car door and the like., Can be dispensed with.

Claims (13)

1. A lift (10) with a car (12,12') open on at least one side and a car door (18,18') closing the at least one car opening (14), characterised in that, to open the car opening (14), the car door (18,18') can move over its entire vertical length (H) alternatively upwards or downwards in a vertical plane defined by the car door (18, 18').
2. A lift according to Claim 1, characterised in that the opening direction of the car door (18,18') is dependent on the position (K,E,1) of the lift car (12,12') in a lift shaft (40,40') surrounding the car.
3. A lift according to Claim 2, characterised in that the car door (18) is moved upwards to open the car (12) when the lift car (12) is positioned at its lowermost position (K) in the lift shaft (40).
4. A lift according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the car door (18') is moved downwards to open the car (12') when the lift car (12') is positioned at its uppermost position (1) in the lift shaft (40').
5. A lift according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that, in the vicinity of the car opening (14) between the lift car (12,12') and the lift shaft (40,40'), a spacing is provided which is of such dimensions that the car door (18,18') can move upwards or downwards in this spacing and can be lowered into the open position.
6. A lift according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the car door (18,18') is guided downwards or upwards in its movement by lateral guide rails (32,34) provided on the lift car (12,12').
7. A lift according to Claim 6, characterised in that the guide rails have at least two rail sections (32,34) which can slide in one another and which enable the guide rails to be extended telescopically both upwardly and downwardly beyond the vertical car height.
8. A lift according to Claim 7, characterised in that one of the rail sections is in the form of a base rail (32) which is continuous over the height of the car and which is of greater length than the car height.
9. A lift according to Claim 8, characterised in that the base rail (32) protrudes both upwardly and downwardly over the car, and in that at least one second rail section (34) is accommodated therein which can move relative to the base rail upwardly and downwardly from the base rail.
10. A lift according to any one of Claims 2 to 9, characterised in that a control unit is provided by which the opening direction of the car door (18,18') can be determined on the basis of an input value, in particular position information (K,E,1) of the lift car (12,12') inside the lift shaft (40,40').
11. A lift according to Claim 10, characterised in that the control unit is programmed so that, in a standard manner, the car door (18,18') is opened in a principal direction and is only opened in the opposite direction when complete opening of car door in the principal direction is not possible owing to the position of the lift car in the lift shaft.
12. A lift according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the car door (18,18') is of panel-like form, wherein it is preferably formed in one piece or comprises at least two joined-together plate elements.
13. A lift according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that a car door drive means (22,24,26) is provided, which comprises at least one counterweight (28) which compensates at least partly for the weight of the car door (18,18') and which can move in the opposite direction to the opening direction of the car door.

Images