EP1947255B1 - Reinforcement for stop end panels - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a reinforcement for Schalalplatten, a process for their preparation and a Abschalungsplatte with such a reinforcement according to the preamble of claims 1, 5 and 6.

When creating ceilings, ceiling edging is used to limit the volume to be filled with concrete. These can include, for example, formwork panels or wooden boards, which are removed after concreting the ceiling.
It is also known to use lost ceiling edge shutters. These plates are, for example, prefabricated concrete slabs which are fastened to the slab formwork by suitable means. They combine with the liquid concrete of the ceiling and form the face of the ceiling tile. The concrete slabs provide the desired benefits in terms of quality and strength.
It is also known to use instead of prefabricated concrete elements foam boards as a lost ceiling edge formwork and at the same time as insulating elements to prevent cold spots. Such plastic plates usually have a variety of supports with a small mutual distance be supported to prevent breaks or deformation due to the low intrinsic stability. Accordingly high are the material costs for the headband and the time required for installation. Furthermore, such plates are very sensitive to mechanical damage. Already an abutting tool or a light footstep can damage the plate so that when concreting liquid concrete can escape.
From the EP1327732 is a ceiling edge Abschalplatte made of lightweight construction material known. As a reinforcement and to increase the flexural rigidity, it comprises a shaped perforated metal sheet and can be manufactured with a relatively small wall thickness. Such flat reinforcements are usually produced by stamping and forming of sheets. Accordingly high are the material and manufacturing costs as well as the material committee.

When creating large contiguous concrete elements or parts such as ceilings and floors in buildings or walls of tunnel tubes, it is often not possible to manufacture the entire element or concrete component or work part in one go. The concrete component then has to be manufactured in several stages, whereby only individual partial areas are created. In general, it is necessary that the reinforcements of adjacent sub-areas overlap at least partially or be continued, so that the requirements for the statics of the entire concrete component can be met. If conventional Deckenrandabschalungen used as intermediate formwork, these must be created at the construction site passages for the above reinforcing bars. Multiple use of such "damaged" shutters is usually not possible. When using lost formwork as intermediate formwork can - depending on the type of shuttering panels - the insufficient stability and / or high installation costs and / or the large plate thickness adversely affect. In the case of ceilings, large tensile and / or compressive forces usually act in the area of adjoining ceiling sections. Lost intermediate formworks should therefore be as dimensionally stable as possible.
It is also known to use for intermediate formwork in frame clamped networks. Such nets are difficult to produce in satisfactory quality and often have insufficient sealing properties. In addition, such networks must be kept because of the low intrinsic stability by a large number of stable frames and brackets or by a variety of additional bracing with small mutual distances. During assembly, the nets are pierced by the protruding reinforcing bars. Often this results in larger cracks that need to be repaired, for example, with special adhesive tapes. The creation of such intermediate formwork is complex and expensive. Already small damages can with the Concreting leads to rupture or tearing of the nets. Under URL: https://www.aks-schulz.de/de/pdf/Produkte/ Estrichgitter / aks-gitter.pdf are on the Internet on 22.03.2017 information on a screed grid by the company AKS GmbH & Co. KG, Ilsfeld -Auenstein, Germany listed.
This document discloses a reinforcement according to the preamble of claim 1 of longitudinal and transverse wires with a diameter of 2mm each. The straight longitudinal wires are all in a base plane. The transverse wires include reshaped areas that function as spacers. The deformed portions of the transverse wires each comprise a portion which lies between two adjacent longitudinal wires in a plane parallel to the base plane. Such grids are laid on insulating layers and used for the reinforcement of screeds. The grids can prevent the broadening of possibly occurring cracks and a height offset at such crack edges. They have a comparatively high flexural elasticity and consequently low intrinsic stability.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a reinforcement for a Abschalungsplatte, a method for their preparation and a relatively stable, inexpensive and easy to assemble Schalalungsplatte with such a reinforcement.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt im Bereich einer Deckenrandabschalung gemäss Stand der Technik,

Figur 2

eine Teilansicht einer Abschalungsplatte aus einem Leichtbaustoff gemäss Stand der Technik,

Figur 3

eine weitere Abschalungsplatte mit Mitteln zum Befestigen von Haltebügeln gemäss Stand der Technik,

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt einer Zwischenschalung mit verlorenen Schalungselementen,

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren Zwischenschalung mit durch die Abschalungsplatte durchtretenden Bewehrungselementen,

Figur 6

eine Hauptseiten-Ansicht der Abschalungsplatte aus Figur 5,

Figur 7

eine Aufsicht auf die Abschalungsplatte aus Figur 5,

Figur 8

ein Detail einer einschichtigen Abschalungsplatte mit sich gegenüberliegenden Vertiefungen,

Figur 9

ein Detail einer einschichtigen Abschalungsplatte mit einseitig in eine der Hauptseiten eingelassenen Vertiefungen,

Figur 10

ein Detail einer zweischichtigen Abschalungsplatte,

Figur 11a

einen Detailquerschnitt einer ersten Abschalungsplatte,

Figur 11b

einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,

Figur 11c

einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,

Figur 11d

einen Detailquerschnitt einer weiteren Abschalungsplatte,

Figur 12

ein Armierungsgitter,

Figur 13

eine stirnseitige Ansicht Abschalungsplatte mit einem Armierungsgitter.

This object is achieved by a reinforcement, by a method for the production thereof and by a shuttering panel having the features of claims 1, 5 and 6. Advantageous further developments are defined in the subclaims.
Based on some figures, the invention will be explained in more detail. Show it

FIG. 1

a cross section in the region of a Deckenrandabschalung according to the prior art,

FIG. 2

a partial view of a formwork slab made of a lightweight building material according to the prior art,

FIG. 3

another shuttering plate with means for attaching retaining clips according to the prior art,

FIG. 4

a cross section of an intermediate formwork with lost formwork elements,

FIG. 5

a perspective view of another intermediate formwork with passing through the formwork panel reinforcing elements,

FIG. 6

a main page view of the Abschalungsplatte FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7

a view of the Abschalungsplatte FIG. 5 .

FIG. 8

a detail of a single-layer shuttering panel with opposing recesses,

FIG. 9

a detail of a single-layer shuttering plate with recesses embedded in one of the main sides on one side,

FIG. 10

a detail of a two-layer shuttering panel,

FIG. 11a

a detail cross section of a first shuttering plate,

FIG. 11b

a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,

FIG. 11c

a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,

FIG. 11d

a detail cross-section of another formwork panel,

FIG. 12

a reinforcing grid,

FIG. 13

an end view shuttering plate with a reinforcing grid.

For a better understanding of the invention, shutters as known in the art are first briefly described. Shuttering devices typically include one or more planar shuttering panels 5 for lateral limiting of the volume to be filled with concrete.
Im in FIG. 1 illustrated cross-section is a wall 1 made of concrete or bricks can be seen on a floor or ceiling slab 3 is to be concreted. To form the ceiling edge a shuttering plate 5, also referred to as a plate, placed on the wall 1 and held by means of brackets 7, which are fastened with nails 9 on the slab formwork 11. The slab formwork 11 is held by supports 13 at the desired height. The shuttering plate 5 is designed as a lost element, ie the shuttering plate 5 connects after filling the liquid concrete for the ceiling plate 3 with the concrete and the surface 15 forms the end face of the finished ceiling panel 3. Such a formwork panel 5 is for example from EP-A1-0927796 known.
FIG. 2 shows another Abschalungsplatte 5 with reinforcements 17 to increase the dimensional stability and protection against mechanical damage. Conventionally, the reinforcements 17 may include, for example, flat steel mesh with relatively large rod cross-sections or meshes of aramid or coated glass fibers. In the example of FIG. 2 flat reinforcing mesh are completely embedded in a lightweight construction material such as polystyrene or another foamed mass of plastic or sand and additives. The reinforcement 17 is invisible and has no influence on the surface finish of the plate. In intervals of the reinforcement 17 may be provided with small distances vertically extending holes or channels 19, which allow insertion of the headband 7 from below and ensure the same. The shuttering plate 5 may have a smaller thickness in the lower and possibly also in the upper region, so that the stirrups 7, as in FIG FIG. 1 represented, leave the shuttering plate 5 side and can be aligned exactly horizontal. In a further embodiment of a shuttering plate 5, as in FIG. 3 is shown, the reinforcement 17 is formed as a multi-folded, perforated reinforcing plate. This can for example be made of sheet metal by bending operations or of an extruded plastic profile and is not or only partially, ie not completely, embedded in the interior of the plate 5. For example, two angled portions 23 overhang the inner surface 25 of the reinforcing plate. These angled portions 23 are provided with aligned holes 27 through which the vertical legs of the headband 7 are inserted from below.
In parallel to the inner plate surface ( FIG. 1 ) extending areas adjacent to the sections 23 openings 29 are mounted in the reinforcing plate. These cause a close connection with the plastic mass or the lightweight building material (matrix) on both sides of the reinforcement plate. As an alternative to lost formwork panels 5, shuttering panels 5 can also be designed as reusable panels which - like the ceiling formwork 11 - are treated with an anti-adhesive agent prior to concreting and are removed again after the concrete has set.

Larger ceilings or other components can not be concreted in one go. By means of intermediate formwork, the volume bounded laterally by the edge formwork is subdivided into partial areas. In this case, the intermediate formwork can be designed analogously to the edge formwork as permanent formwork or as reusable formwork to be removed after concreting. FIG. 4 shows an example of a cross section in the region of an intermediate formwork for creating a ceiling portion, wherein the shuttering panels 5 as in the ceiling edge Abschalung in FIG. 1 are formed as lost plates.
Unlike edge formwork, such intermediate formwork requires that reinforcing elements 31 (FIG. FIG. 5 ) such as reinforcing bars of the work part to be created, the intermediate formwork can penetrate, so as to connect the individual sections of the work piece, which are consecutively concreted together. For this purpose, 5 weak points or thin points or predetermined breaking points in the shuttering plate formed in the form of depressions 33 or perforations. Shuttering slabs 5 according to the invention for lost intermediate formworks comprise hard, inelastic and incompressible or pressure-resistant materials, so that no deformations occur when external forces, such as occur in the area of abutting ceiling sections, occur.

FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of such Abschalungsplatte 5, wherein the weak points or predetermined breaking points are formed as a pan-shaped recesses 33 on one side or both sides in the surface or the opposite main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte 5. Such shuttering plates 5 can be attached to the reinforcements 31 by means of one or both sides of the shuttering plates 5 on the reinforcements 31 or snap-on clamping or holding elements 41, as shown in FIG FIG. 5 is shown as an example.
In conjunction with the inventive reinforcement 17 in the form of a thin wire mesh 45 ( Fig. 12 ) Such Schalalplatten 5 can be relatively thin and still stable.
Thanks to the reinforcement 17 according to the invention, shuttering plates 5 can be made thin and stable. In particular, with thin reinforcing plates 5 can from the plate surface outstanding Armierungsabschnitte be provided, which allow a simple and cost-effective attachment of the shuttering plates 5 by means of brackets 7. But the reinforcements 17 of the invention can also - analogously to FIG. 2 - Just and completely integrated into the shuttering plate 5. To attach the plates there can be inserted into the holes 19 retaining bracket 7.
FIG. 6 shows one of the two main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte. 5 FIG. 7 shows an end view of the Abschalungsplatte 5 and FIG. 8 a detail thereof in the region of the recesses 33. In this case, the recesses 33 are located on both main sides 34 directly opposite. You can, for example, at regular intervals a ( Fig. 6 ) may be arranged in two parallel rows along the longitudinal sides of the shuttering plate 5. In the case of a multiple use of such a shuttering plate 5, these can be relatively easily separated from the created portion of the workpiece due to the slightly conical edges of the recesses 33 after curing of the concrete.
In a preferred variant of the shuttering plate 5, which is easier to produce, the cup-shaped depressions 33 with a conical edge are formed only on one of the main sides 34. FIG. 9 shows a detail of a corresponding plate 5 in the region of a recess 33. The novel wire mesh reinforcements can according to the requirements of different Shuttering plates 5 are manufactured and / or adapted, as described by way of example in the following.
The Abschalungsplatten 5 can be made in large lengths of several meters and usually shortened as required by sawing or cut to length, for example. Lengths in the range from about 2 m to about 4 m, for example 2.8 m, are advantageous.
Adjacent depressions 33 in a row are offset from one another by a distance a of preferably approximately 50 mm. For oval wells 33 having a width c (FIG. FIG. 6 ) of about 26mm results in a web width b of about 24mm, where the thickness d1 of the shuttering plate 5 is unchanged.
The shuttering plate 5 can be manufactured in comparatively small thicknesses d1 in the range of a few millimeters (eg d1 = 6 mm). Of course, shuttering plates 5 with greater thicknesses d1 can also be produced (eg d1 = 15 mm or d1 = 50 mm). Shuttering panels 5 can - depending on the heights of the ceilings or workpieces to be created - be manufactured with different height h0, preferably with heights h0 of about 150mm to about 1000mm. The height h2 of the oval recesses 33 is preferably about 45mm. The distance h1 of the recesses 33 from the associated edges of the shuttering panel 5 is preferably about 20mm. In such shuttering plates 5, the arrangement of the recesses 33 corresponds with possible arrangements of reinforcements 31, which is to penetrate the intermediate formwork. An integer multiple of the offset or distance a of two adjacent depressions 33 preferably corresponds to the average distance between two adjacent reinforcing bars.
The Abschalungsplatten 5 can also be formed with bends and corners. With such elements intermediate formwork can be made with any shape.
The shuttering plates 5 can be used with appropriate training both as shuttering elements for intermediate formwork as well as for Randabschalungen. The surface of the shuttering plate 5 may be formed on one and / or on both main sides 34 smooth and / or rough. Surfaces to be joined to a concrete part are preferably rough. Surfaces which are to be separated again from a concrete part, or which are visible later, are preferably flat and smooth. In those shuttering plates 5 which are produced by casting, foaming or pressing with a mold, the surface finish can be particularly easily determined by the nature of the surface of the mold.
A shuttering plate 5, as in the FIGS. 5 to 9 is shown, for example, mainly or completely made of compressed wood, concrete, plastic or cardboard his. Sheathing panels 5 of fiber concrete are preferably cast in a horizontally lying mold (not shown) with frustoconical elevations, these elevations being coated only with one thin layer 36 each having a thickness d2 of, for example, 1 mm or less to about 5 mm of the cast material. These thin layers 36 form after curing of the casting compound, the weak points or predetermined breaking points. In this embodiment, they are made of the same material as the remaining areas of the shuttering plate 5. The weak points are not in the interior of the plate 5, but on the outside, arranged on one of the main sides 34 flush with the surface in this embodiment. Alternatively or additionally, weak points may also be limited by perforations which are arranged along a closed line and form the edge of the weak points, the holes for example having a diameter of approximately 1 mm to 3 mm and wherein adjacent holes each comprise a spacing of the same order of magnitude ( no representation). Such perforations can basically be formed both in lost and in reusable Abschalplatten 5 for edge or intermediate formworks of any thickness, regardless of whether these with or without holes 19 for retaining bracket 7 (FIG. Figures 1 and 2 ) and / or are formed with not or partially from the Abschalplatte 5 outstanding reinforcement 17 or without reinforcement 17. Of course you can Perforations are also formed in pressed, foamed or otherwise manufactured plates. For plates with holes 19 and recesses 33 and / or perforations may be provided which intersect or penetrate the holes 19. An assembly of such Abschalungsplatten 5 by means of brackets 7 or angles, which are each introduced with one of its legs in a respective bore 19, is thus easily possible. The thickness or thickness d1 of the Abschalplatten 5 may, for example, in the range of about 6mm to about 50mm. In the case of brittle material such as fiber concrete, when a rod-like reinforcing element 31 hits this area, a hole is knocked out of the shuttering plate 5 or broken, which is only insignificantly larger than the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing element 31. If the weak layer formed as a thin layer 36 as in FIG. 9 arranged on one of the main sides 34 and flush with the surface, the shuttering plate 5 (in contrast to the already described homogeneous or one-piece design according to FIG. 9 ) can also be made of two layers, namely a main plate 38 (FIG. FIG. 10 ) of the thickness d3 and a thin plate 36 comprehensive, connected to the main plate 38 further plate 40 of thickness d2, the thickness d1 of the Abschalungsplatte 5 substantially the sum of the thicknesses d2 of the main plate 38 and d3 of the further plate 40 corresponds. The main plate 38 in this case comprises in Range of weak points Recesses 33a. These are unilaterally covered by the further plate 40 and thus form the recesses 33 in the Abschalungsplatte 5. The thin layer 36 and the thin further plate 40 can be made of the same material as the main plate 38 and glued to this example, anchored or in be connected in any other way. Alternatively, the plate 40 or the thin layer 36 may also be made of a different material or comprise other materials than the main plate 38. In particular, it is possible to produce thin layers 36, for example, from woven fabrics, films, tiles, cardboard, wood materials and the like, and to anchor them before or during the curing of the main plate 38 at this. The thin layer 36 can for this example, angled tongues or pins 43 (FIG. Fig. 11d ) or other areas immersed in the casting material. In addition, thin layers 36 can also be connected to main plates 38, for example by gluing or by means of other joining techniques.

In the case of the shuttering plates 5 described here, only one or two essential layers or not more than two essential layers are required in order to form stable zones and weak points pierceable by reinforcements 31.

In the case of single-layer shuttering plates 5, the weak points are formed as thin spots in this one layer. For cast shuttering panels 5 (e.g., fiber cement or concrete), the cup-like weak spots may e.g. be made by truncated cone-like cones in the mold. Alternatively, thin spots can be used e.g. for pressed boards of wood or other materials by mechanical reworking of these boards, e.g. by milling, be formed.

The material of such monolayer Abschalungsplatten 5 is in the region of the weak points identical to the base material or the matrix of the remaining areas of Abschalungsplatte 5. In particular, the weak points are made of the same material or the same materials as the immediately adjacent to the weak points areas of Abschalungsplatte 5th

For two-layer shuttering plates 5 comprising a main plate 38 and another plate 40 with the thin layer 36, the two plates 38, 40 may be made of the same or alternatively of different materials. In the case of the plate 40 with the thin layer 36, the material in the region of the weak points is identical to the material of the regions of the plate 40 which are directly adjacent to the weak points, or preferably the entire plate 40.

In the described shuttering panel 5, the material composition in the region of the weak points is thus identical to that of the adjoining areas of the shuttering panel 5, at least on one of the main sides 34.

The FIGS. 11a to 11d show detailed cross sections in the region of a weak point for some possible embodiments of the shuttering plate 5.

at FIG. 11a For example, the shuttering plate 5 comprises only one layer, namely the main plate 38 made of fiber cement or other suitable material. The weak points are formed by pan-like recesses 33 as brittle thin layers 36 in the integrally cast main plate 38. Such depressions 33 can, as in FIG. 11a one-sided or according to FIG. 8 be inserted into the shuttering plate 5 from both main sides 34 ago. The thin layer 36 may therefore be arranged flush with respect to the two main sides 34, for example, or in any other position.

Of course, one or both main sides 34 of a shuttering plate 5 could be partially or completely covered with a protective layer (not shown), which does not significantly affect the enforceability of vulnerabilities.
In the FIG. 11b Shuttering plate 5 shown comprises two layers, namely the main plate 38 with the recesses 33 and the thin further plate 40 which is connected to the main plate 38 and completely covers them. Those areas of the further plate 40, which cover the recesses 33a like a membrane, form the weak points of the shuttering plate 5. The recesses 33a can be formed with conical or vertical boundary walls.
FIG. 11c shows a further variant of the Abschalungsplatte 5, wherein compared to FIG. 11b only the recesses 33a and the immediately following areas of the main plate 38 are each covered with a thin layer 36. That is to say each thin layer 36 extends beyond the edge of the respectively associated recess 33a or overlaps this edge and is held or fastened in or on the region of the shuttering plate 5 adjoining the recess 33a. The thin layers 36 thus only cover part of the respective main side 34. Each of the thin layers 36 may comprise, for example, one or more pins 43 projecting into the main plate 38 or other holding elements for anchoring in the main plate 38.

In a further embodiment, as in FIG. 11d For example, two main plates 38 are connected to a shuttering plate 5, wherein one of the main plates 38 includes recesses 33a and the other main plate 38 includes recesses 33 defined by thin layers 36.
The recesses 33a and the depressions 33 lie directly opposite one another and preferably have the same or similar shape and size in the region of the thin layers 36.
A common feature of these embodiments is that at least on one of the main sides 34 of the Abschalungsplatte 5, the material or the material composition in the weak points is the same as in the immediately adjacent to the weak points areas of Abschalungsplatte. 5

To increase the stability, in particular the bending stability, the shuttering plate 5 according to the invention comprises a reinforcement 17 made of a wire mesh 45. Such reinforcements 17 may be formed in one piece or comprise a plurality of non-interconnected parts.
In general, reinforcements 17 may comprise, for example, flat or multiply curved perforated sheets, perforated sheets or grid structures. In the area of thin areas or weak points or depressions 33 of the shuttering plate 5 17 free spaces or holes in these reinforcements or breakthroughs 29 ( Fig. 3 ) educated. Subregions of the reinforcement 17 preferably project beyond one or both of the main sides 34. They may, for example (as in FIG FIG. 3 shown) angled portions 23 with holes 27 for attaching retaining clips 7 include. In multi-part reinforcements 17, these can also be used only as a means for securing holding elements.
Depending on the type and material of the shuttering plate 5, the reinforcing structures can be connected to the shuttering plate 5, for example by gluing or other joining techniques on the surface or one of the main sides 34. In the case of cast or pressed shuttering plates 5, the reinforcing structures are preferably at least partially embedded in these shuttering plates 5.

For poured shuttering panels, after the mold has been filled with the casting compound prior to its hardening, the reinforcement 17 can be inserted or immersed in the casting compound with any desired predeterminable immersion depth. As a result of the hardening of the casting compound, the reinforcement 17 is firmly connected to the shuttering plate 5. In the case of single-layer shuttering plates 5, the immersion depth preferably corresponds to approximately half the thickness d1 of the plate 5. Of course, one or both layers or layers with a reinforcement 17 can be reinforced in an analogous manner even in the case of two-layer shuttering plates 5.

Alternatively, two or more vertically aligned shapes may be formed side by side, thereby enabling simultaneous filling of multiple shapes.
Reinforcements 17 according to the invention prove to be particularly advantageous in the form of multiply bent or deformed wire meshes 45. FIG. 12 shows such a wire mesh 45 with at all or at least a portion of the intersection welded together straight wires 47 and multiple bent and / or kinked or deformed transverse wires 49, which may be smooth or structured and a diameter in the order of 0.5mm to 5 mm or have corresponding cross-sectional areas in the order of magnitude. Longitudinal wires 47 and transverse wires 49 preferably include a right angle. Preferably, the diameters of the wires are smaller than the smallest diameter customary in rebars, eg 4 mm or 5 mm. Particularly suitable are transverse wires 49 with small diameters in the order of 1.5mm to 2mm in conjunction with longitudinal wires 47 with slightly larger diameters of eg 2.5mm to 3mm. Such grids can be made by simultaneously rolling several (eg five) to many (eg fifty) transverse wires 49 and periodically welding together with longitudinal wires 47 and then forming the transverse wires 49. Of course could be handled simultaneously in an analogous manner, several or many longitudinal wires 47 and periodically connected to transverse wires 49. The welding of a longitudinal wire 47 with a plurality of transverse wires 49 can be carried out sequentially or preferably simultaneously.
The initially planar wire mesh 45 or its transverse wires 49 are reshaped so that wave-shaped regions 51 protrude from the lattice plane. The adjacent maxima 53 of the convexly curved wave peaks of adjacent transverse wires 49 are each connected to one another by a single outer longitudinally welded wire 47. At the foot on either side of the wave crests, each transverse wire 49 is concavely curved and each transitions into a linear section 55 lying in the lattice plane. In the linear sections 55, the transverse wires 49 are connected analogously to the wave crests by longitudinal wires 47 on the upper side of the grating. Each two adjacent longitudinal wires 47 and two adjacent transverse wires 49 thus frame lattice openings 57 arranged in the lattice plane. Such lattice openings 57 can be square or rectangular, for example, and preferably have side lengths in the range from about 2 cm to about 10 cm. Preferably, the longitudinal wires 47 and / or the transverse wires 49 are soft or not hardened or low in carbon. Their tensile strength is typically in the range of about 300 N / mm ² to about 500 N / mm ² or to about 650 N / mm ² . For hard or hardened wires can by welding due to stresses unwanted twisting or deformation of the grid occur, or stresses can hinder or make impossible a deformation in the desired manner. For wires made of soft or non-hardened material, however, the shape of the grid can be maintained. In particular, such gratings can be formed, for example, by means of known forming techniques in the desired manner. Conventional reinforcing steel bars are not suitable for the inventive grid due to the available diameter and hardness. On the other hand, wires, such as those used in the manufacture of garden fences, are suitable for the production of the welded meshes according to the invention. The wires can be tempered eg by galvanizing and protected against oxidation. Such a remuneration serves primarily to improve the visual appearance and is not absolutely necessary. Of course, the wire mesh 45 may be configured in other ways. For example, the angles enclosed by the longitudinal wires 47 and the transverse wires 49 can have any values in the range of, for example, 30 ° to eg 150 ° (no illustration). The wire mesh 45 can be left just in accordance with the respective requirements or be converted in any way to a three-dimensional structure. In particular, the shape can be chosen so that thereby the stability or dimensional stability of the Wire grid 45 increases and / or the wire mesh 45 other properties are awarded. Thus, for example, one or more of a main plane outstanding portions of the wire grid 45 may be formed as a fastening means and formed, for example, for receiving retaining clips 7. Such receptacles are preferably designed as guides, in each of which a leg of a retaining clip 7 can be inserted and held without play or with only a small amount of play in a defined position. The guides can be formed, for example, alone by the arrangement of the wires of the wire grid 45 in uniform or non-uniform intervals. Additionally or alternatively, guides can also be formed by a deformation of longitudinal and / or transverse wires in more than one dimension or spatial direction (not shown). For example, starting from in FIG. 12 illustrated wire mesh 45, the peaks or peaks 53 of two adjacent transverse wires 49 are additionally deformed in the direction of the longitudinal wires 47 against each other, so claw- or gripper-like recordings or guides are formed for insertion of support bracket legs. This is also associated with a deformation of the longitudinal wires 47 and a reduction of the original distance of each adjacent, claw-like deformed transverse wires 49. Preferably, the opening cross sections of the headband receptacles are not circular, but, for example approximately or partially elliptical or rectangular shaped. This allows, for example, the simple insertion of retaining bar legs with rectangular cross-section (eg 17mm x 10mm) in a first orientation. As soon as a retaining clip 7 is inserted into the receptacle up to the desired end position, it can be moved about 90 ° into its definitive position (as well as in FIG FIG. 3 shown), where it rests against the deformed transverse wires and is held in this position. In recesses formed in this way can also easily support bracket legs inserted with laterally outstanding retaining fingers or locking elements and locked with the shuttering plate 5 and the reinforcement 17, wedged, hooked or connected in any other way.
Of course, the guides for receiving the headband legs may include, in addition to the wires of the wire screen 45 also other parts, such as the upper main page 34 of in FIG. 13 Shuttering plate 5 shown.

FIG. 13 shows a shuttering panel 5 with a wireframe reinforcement seen from one of the narrow end faces. The transverse wires 49 project beyond the upper main side 34 of the shuttering plate 5 in the region of two peaks. The there connected to the transverse wires 49 longitudinal wires 47 are completely outside of the preferably integrally cast main plate 38th Die Recesses 33, which form the weak points of the Abschalungsplatte 5, are arranged in the region of the grid openings 57, wherein they are framed by the legs of two longitudinal wires 47 and two transverse wires 49, but not directly adjacent to this.

In the area of weak points or recesses 33, the plate thickness is so low that these areas can be broken completely or partially, for example, by striking with a hammer. When attaching such Abschalungsplatte 5 as an intermediate formwork reinforcements 31 can easily penetrate the Abschalungsplatte 5 in the area of weak points when the Abschalungsplatte 5 is pressed or beaten against the ends of the protruding reinforcing rods (or vice versa). Depending on the nature of the weak points then the disc-like vulnerability is completely broken out of the shuttering plate 5 or penetrate the reinforcing rods - similar to a nail that is hammered - the weak points, without breaking the entire disc of the vulnerability. Subsequently, the shuttering plate 5 is fixed in the desired position on the reinforcing bars and / or on the slab formwork 11. A plurality of shuttering plates 5 can be lined up in the same way, so that a complete shuttering or intermediate shuttering for concreting a portion of the component or structure arises. Shuttering plates 5 may also be curved and / or comprise a plurality of sections or sections, each two adjoining sections each enclosing a fixed or - in the case of hinge-like sections - a variable angle.

Claims (8)

1. A reinforcement (17) for a stop end panel (5), comprising a wire grid (45) of longitudinal wires (47) and transverse wires (49) which are welded to one another, wherein the transverse wires (49) comprise deformed areas (51) protruding from a grid plane, wherein the longitudinal wires (47) and the transverse wires (49) have diameters in the range of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, wherein the longitudinal wires (47) are straight and the transverse wires (49) are partially undulated, characterized in that the longitudinal wires (47) and/or the transverse wires (45) have/has a tensile strength in the range of 300 N/mm² to 650 N/mm², and in that the maxima (53) of convexly curved, contiguous undulation crests of adjacent transverse wires (49) are connected to one another in each instance by a single longitudinal wire (47) welded onto the outside.
2. The reinforcement (17) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transverse wires (49) have diameters in the order of magnitude of 1.5 mm to 2 mm, and in that the longitudinal wires (47) have diameters in the order of magnitude of 2.5 mm to 3 mm.
3. The reinforcement (17) according to any one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the transverse wires (49) on both sides of the areas (51) protruding from the grid plane are connected to one another by welded-on longitudinal wires (47) .
4. The reinforcement (17) according any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transverse wires (49) comprise linear portions (55) between the contiguous deformed areas (51), and in that the wire grid (45) comprises grid openings (57) in the area of these linear portions (55).
5. The method for producing a reinforcement (17) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that longitudinal wires (47) and transverse wires (49) which have a diameter in the range of 0.5 mm to 5 mm are welded to form a planar wire grid (45), wherein the longitudinal wires (47) and/or the transverse wires (45) have/has a tensile strength in the range of 300 N/mm² to 650 N/mm², and in that the transverse wires (49) of this planar wire grid (45) are subsequently deformed such that the longitudinal wires (47) are straight and the transverse wires (49) are partially undulated, and in that contiguous maxima (53) of adjacent transverse wires (49) are connected to one another in each instance by a single longitudinal wire (47) welded onto the outside.
6. The top end panel (5) having a main panel (38) and a reinforcement (17) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reinforcement (17) is formed of one or more pieces and is connected to the main panel (38) at the surface of the latter or is at least partially or completely embedded in the main panel (38).
7. The stop end panel (5) according to Claim 6, wherein the wire grid (45) or wire grid portions is or are partially embedded in or cast in the main panel (38), characterized in that the wire grid (45) or the wire grid portions has/have areas protruding from the main panel (38), which areas are usable as retaining means.
8. The stop end panel (5) according to any one of Claims 6 or 7, characterized in that weak points are formed in the area of grid openings (57).

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