EP1860241B1 - Self-propelling construction machine and method for treating ground surfaces - Google Patents

Self-propelling construction machine and method for treating ground surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1860241B1
EP1860241B1 EP07108318A EP07108318A EP1860241B1 EP 1860241 B1 EP1860241 B1 EP 1860241B1 EP 07108318 A EP07108318 A EP 07108318A EP 07108318 A EP07108318 A EP 07108318A EP 1860241 B1 EP1860241 B1 EP 1860241B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
milling drum
milling
ground surface
accordance
raised
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EP07108318A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1860241A2 (en
EP1860241A3 (en
Inventor
Christian Berning
Herbert Lange
Dieter Simons
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Priority to PL07108318T priority Critical patent/PL1860241T3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/78—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices with rotating digging elements
    • E02F3/783—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices with rotating digging elements having a horizontal axis of rotation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80—Component parts
    • E02F3/815—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools
    • E02F3/8155—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools provided with movable parts, e.g. cutting discs, vibrating teeth or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled construction machine, as well as a method for processing of ground surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1 or 11.
  • Such self-propelled construction machines for processing of ground surfaces are for example from the EP 1408158 A known.
  • the road milling machine described therein has a machine frame with a drive motor for driving driving devices and for driving working equipment.
  • the driving devices can consist of wheels or crawler tracks, which are connected to the machine frame via lifting columns.
  • a roller drive drives a milling drum for milling the bottom surfaces preferably in mating operation.
  • the milling drum can be decoupled from the drive train by means of a coupling.
  • a scraper blade In the direction of travel behind the milling drum is height adjustable a scraper blade, which can slide over the milled by the milling drum or mecanicfräsende surface. The lower edge of the scraper blade is always in the milling operation on the lowest level of the cutting circle of the milling drum.
  • Such construction machines work according to the width of the milling drum strip-shaped. This means that after a predetermined distance of the milled ground surface, the construction machine must drive back to milled an adjacent strip.
  • the peripheral speed of the milling drum is a multiple, for example, 3 times the traveling speed, so that the road construction machine can be greatly accelerated upon engagement of the milling drum.
  • the internal combustion engine Before processing the next strip, the internal combustion engine must then be brought back to operating speed. These processes are very time consuming and very annoying especially for short distances to work for the driver.
  • the constant switching operations of the clutch and the associated frequent load changes of the internal combustion engine mean Increased wear on the clutch, internal combustion engine and all components involved in the powertrain.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a construction machine, and a method for processing of ground surfaces, with the time required for processing a given floor area can be reduced.
  • the invention provides that the milling drum in the raised state in a traveling direction in which the direction of rotation of the milling drum with the direction of rotation of the driving devices remains coupled to the roller drive and that a monitoring device monitors a distance of the milling drum to the ground surface and the raised milling drum of the Drive motor decoupled and / or decouples the driving devices from the drive motor and / or raises the machine frame and / or generates an alarm signal when the monitoring device detects an undershooting of a predetermined distance.
  • the milling drum can remain permanently coupled to the drive motor.
  • the milling drum can be taken out of the cut by pivoting or lifting eg via lifting columns of the driving equipment.
  • a monitoring device detects in the raised state of the milling drum, whether the predetermined for a ride without milling operation distance of the raised milling drum is maintained to the ground surface.
  • the raised, at this time further rotating milling drum is decoupled from the drive motor, so that when the milling drum should actually have ground contact, no more driving power acts on the milling drum and thus only the current rotational energy of the milling drum to be destroyed got to.
  • the mass of the construction machine is sufficient to prevent the construction machine from making a jump in the direction of travel when the milling drum accidentally engages the ground surface. In this way it is ensured that when driving the construction machine without milling operation does not lose time due to the fact that a shutdown and a run-up of the drive motor must be awaited.
  • Another advantage consists in the fact that the wear of machine elements, in particular the clutch, the internal combustion engine and all other components belonging to the drive train is reduced.
  • the milling drum mills the ground surface in mating operation, wherein a transport travel in the forward direction due to the mating run is harmless.
  • the invention is concerned with the reverse drive, in which the milling drum contrary to the prior art, despite the counter-rotation of the milling drum can remain coupled to the drive motor.
  • the monitoring of the predetermined distance by the monitoring device can be done directly or indirectly.
  • An immediate measurement is carried out, for example, by a mechanical or electronic distance measurement, while an indirect measurement of the distance, for example via machine elements of the construction machine, via push buttons or on the current position of the machine frame supporting lifting column can be done.
  • the predetermined distance of the raised milling drum to the ground surface can be monitored with at least one sensor.
  • the predetermined distance to be monitored by the monitoring device can be increased as a function of the height of the driving speed of the driving device.
  • the predetermined distance may be proportional or progressively increased as the vehicle speed increases.
  • the raised milling drum is raised by a predetermined amount which is greater than a minimum distance to be maintained of the milling drum from the ground surface, and that a sensing device for the ground surface has a lower end position, the predetermined distance or the minimum distance of the milling drum to be maintained from the ground surface.
  • the monitoring device must only determine whether the sensing device leaves the lower end position, since in this case a predetermined distance or a minimum distance to be maintained of the milling drum is no longer complied with.
  • the construction machine can be provided with a lowerable relative to the milling drum sensing device which protrudes relative to the milling drum to the bottom surface by a predetermined distance in relation to the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum.
  • the monitoring device generates in the raised state of the milling drum and in the simultaneously lowered state of the sensing device, for example, a control signal for decoupling the milling drum from the drive motor when the at least one sensor contact the at least one sensing device with the bottom surface or lifting the at least one sensing device through the bottom surface detected.
  • the sensing device which may consist of a button in the simplest case, is simultaneously lowered when lifting the milling drum to a lower end position corresponding to a predetermined distance or a minimum distance of the rotating milling drum to the ground surface.
  • the sensing device in turn holds a distance from the ground surface. Should the sensing device touch the ground surface during a drive of the construction machine without a milling drive, or if the sensing device is lifted by the ground surface, the monitoring device generates, for example, a control signal for decoupling the milling drum from the roller drive or drive train.
  • the sensor can detect a ground contact or the position of the sensing device, the ground contact, for example, with a structure-borne sound sensor and the position, for example, with a displacement sensor.
  • the lowest position of the sensing device can be detected with a limit switch.
  • the monitoring device can additionally or alternatively decouple the driving devices from the drive motor and / or raise the machine frame and / or trigger an alarm signal.
  • the sensing device is lowered in the raised state of the milling drum by a predetermined amount which is greater than the predetermined distance of the milling drum to the ground surface, towards the bottom surface. At least the lower end position of the sensing device is detectable by the sensor, wherein the lower end position, for example, corresponds to the minimum distance of the milling drum from the ground surface.
  • the sensing device may consist of a arranged behind the milling drum in the direction of travel Abstreifschild. In this case, the scraper blade can be lowered over the lowest position of the cutting circle of the milling drum also down.
  • the sensing device consists of a hood surrounding the milling drum and / or of a side plate arranged laterally next to an end face of the milling drum.
  • the scraper blade, the hood or provided on the front sides of the milling drum side plates can be lowered in the same way beyond the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum. Also, the position of the side plates, the scraper blade and the hood surrounding the milling drum can be monitored in the same manner as described above in connection with the sensing device, with respect to the distance to the ground surface.
  • a surrounding the milling drum hood this can be lowered relative to the milling drum.
  • a hood is for example from the WO 97/20109 known.
  • self-propelled construction machine 1 for processing of ground surfaces 2 has a machine frame 4, and a drive motor 6 for the drive of driving devices 8 and of working equipment.
  • the driving devices 8 are in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 from wheels, in the embodiment of the Fig. 3 from crawler tracks.
  • the main working device consists of a drivable by a roller drive 10 and decoupled from the drive motor 6 milling drum 12 for milling the bottom surface second
  • the milling drum can be moved to a raised position when it is not in milling operation.
  • the raised position of the milling drum 12 is preferably achieved by means of the lifting columns 20 by lifting the machine frame 4 as a whole.
  • the milling drum 12 mounted in the machine frame is lifted out of the milling track until it has a predetermined distance from the floor surface 2.
  • the milling drum 12 remains coupled via the roller drive 10 and a clutch 7 to the drive motor 6, see FIG that it is not necessary first to shut down the drive motor 6, preferably an internal combustion engine, to idling speed, then to decouple the milling drum 12 from the drive motor and then to raise the drive motor 6 to its operating speed again.
  • Fig. 1 shows the milling drum 12 in mating operation, in which the direction of rotation of the milling drum 12 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the driving devices 8.
  • a monitoring device 14 which monitors the distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 and decouples the raised milling drum 12 from the roller drive 10 when the monitoring device 14 detects a drop below a predetermined distance.
  • the driving devices 8 are decoupled from the drive motor 6, or that the machine frame is raised, or that an alarm signal is generated.
  • the distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 can be measured directly or indirectly.
  • the detection signals from the monitoring device 14 may be supplied to a machine controller or used directly to decouple the milling drum 12 or traction devices 8 from the drive motor 6, or alternatively or additionally to lifting the machine frame 4 by the lifting columns 20 or to generate an alarm signal.
  • a sensor is provided for monitoring the distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2.
  • This sensor can measure the distance to the ground surface 2 directly or indirectly.
  • indirect measurement for example, the position of a sensing device is monitored, for example by means of a displacement measuring device or with the aid of a de-switch that detects a specific position of the sensing device.
  • the distance to be monitored can either be fixed, or consist of a fixed minimum distance, or be variable so that it can be increased in dependence on an increasing driving speed of the driving devices 8. This means that with increasing travel speed, the predetermined distance increases continuously, preferably proportionally.
  • a lowerable relative to the raised milling drum 12 sensing device may be arranged on the machine frame 4 such that the sensing device relative to the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 out by a predetermined distance, wherein the monitoring device 14 in the raised state of the milling drum 12 and in the same lowered state of the Sensing device decoupled at least the milling drum 12 of the drive motor 6 when the monitoring device 14 detects contact of the at least one sensing device with the bottom surface 2 or raising the at least one sensing device through the bottom surface 2. It is understood that in addition to the decoupling of the milling drum 12 of the drive motor 6, alternatively or additionally, the travel drives 8 can be decoupled from the drive motor 6 or the machine frame 4 can be raised via the lifting columns 20.
  • the sensing device consists of a working direction behind the milling drum 12 arranged scraper blade 22.
  • Fig. 1 In milling operation according to Fig. 1 is the scraper blade 22 which is vertically adjustable within a portal 21 substantially in the milling track and scrapes there behind the milling roller 12 from the newly milled milling track, so that no residues remain on the milling track.
  • the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 is in the same plane as the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum 12 shown in the drawings.
  • Fig. 2 shows the milling drum 12 in the raised position, in which the lowest point of the cutting circle has a distance from the bottom surface 2.
  • the scraper blade 22 is also in a raised position outside the milling track, wherein the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 has a significantly smaller distance from the bottom surface 2 than the milling drum 12.
  • the distance of the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 may correspond to a predetermined distance, the milling drum 12th has to comply with the soil surface 2.
  • the monitoring device 14 can determine whether the scraper blade 22 touches the ground surface 2 by, for example, using a structure-borne sound sensor.
  • the monitoring device 14 can determine, for example, whether the scraper blade 22 is lifted by the bottom surface 2 and thereby leaves its lower end position. This can be determined in the simplest case by means of limit switches for the lowest position of the scraper blade 22.
  • a distance sensor can be arranged, which can directly measure the distance to the bottom surface 2 without contact.
  • the side plate 24 which is preferably arranged on both sides of the milling drum 12 frontally, can be used as a sensing device.
  • Fig.1 shows the side plate 24 in the operating state in which the side plate 24 rests on the bottom surface 2 and prevents the cutting edge breaking off.
  • Such a side plate 24 is therefore often referred to as edge protection.
  • the side plate 24 is vertically adjustable, as can be seen in the drawings, wherein it always rests on the bottom surface 2 regardless of the current cutting depth of the milling drum 12.
  • Fig. 2 it can be seen that in the raised state of the milling drum 12 and the side plate 24 is raised until it has a predetermined distance from the bottom surface 2.
  • Fig. 2 It can be seen that the side plate 24 has reached the lower end position in a vertical guide. The detection of the distance or a minimum distance is carried out in the same manner as with the height-adjustable scraper blade 22nd
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a scraper blade 22, as basically already from the EP 1408 158 A is known.
  • Fig. 4 shows the drive train of the construction machine 1 consisting of the drive motor 6, which can be coupled via a coupling 7 with a roller drive 10, which drives the milling drum 12 mounted in the machine frame 4 by means of a belt drive 11. It is understood that the clutch 7 with respect to the roller drive 10 can also be arranged on the output side.
  • the monitoring device 14 allows efficient and safe operation of the construction machine 1, so that the repeated shutdown of the drive motor 6 to idle speed and the subsequent start up of the operating speed at the respective ends of a route to be machined is no longer required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The machine (1) has a milling roller (12) coupled with a drive motor (6) in a raised condition during a driving direction, where a direction of rotation of the roller corresponds to a direction of rotation of a driving mechanism (8). A monitoring device (14) monitors a distance of the roller to a ground surface (2), couples the roller and the driving mechanism by the drive motor and produces an alarm signal, when the monitoring device detects shortfall of the predetermined distance. An independent claim is also included for a method for working a ground surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbstfahrende Baumaschine, sowie ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Bodenoberflächen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs1 bzw. 11.The invention relates to a self-propelled construction machine, as well as a method for processing of ground surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1 or 11.

Derartige selbstfahrende Baumaschinen zum Bearbeiten von Bodenoberflächen sind beispielsweise aus der EP 1408158 A bekannt.Such self-propelled construction machines for processing of ground surfaces are for example from the EP 1408158 A known.

Die darin beschriebene Straßenfräsmaschine weist einen Maschinenrahmen auf mit einem Antriebsmotor für den Antrieb von Fahreinrichtungen und zum Antrieb von Arbeitseinrichtungen. Die Fahreinrichtungen können aus Rädern oder Kettenlaufwerken bestehen, die über Hubsäulen mit dem Maschinenrahmen verbunden sind.The road milling machine described therein has a machine frame with a drive motor for driving driving devices and for driving working equipment. The driving devices can consist of wheels or crawler tracks, which are connected to the machine frame via lifting columns.

Ein Walzenantrieb treibt eine Fräswalze zum Fräsen der Bodenoberflächen vorzugsweise im Gegenlaufbetrieb an. Die Fräswalze ist mit Hilfe einer Kupplung vom Antriebstrang entkoppelbar. In Fahrtrichtung hinter der Fräswalze befindet sich höhenverstellbar ein Abstreifschild, das über die von der Fräswalze abgefräste oder abzufräsende Oberfläche gleiten kann. Die Unterkante des Abstreifschildes befindet sich dabei im Fräsbetrieb stets auf der tiefsten Ebene des Schnittkreises der Fräswalze.A roller drive drives a milling drum for milling the bottom surfaces preferably in mating operation. The milling drum can be decoupled from the drive train by means of a coupling. In the direction of travel behind the milling drum is height adjustable a scraper blade, which can slide over the milled by the milling drum or abzufräsende surface. The lower edge of the scraper blade is always in the milling operation on the lowest level of the cutting circle of the milling drum.

Derartige Baumaschinen arbeiten entsprechend der Breite der Fräswalze streifenförmig. Dies bedeutet, dass nach einer vorgegebenen Strecke der gefrästen Bodenoberfläche die Baumaschine zurückfahren muss, um einen benachbarten Streifen abzufräsen.Such construction machines work according to the width of the milling drum strip-shaped. This means that after a predetermined distance of the milled ground surface, the construction machine must drive back to milled an adjacent strip.

Zur Vermeidung einer unbeabsichtigten Kollision der Werkzeuge der Fräswalze mit der Bodenoberfläche ist es erforderlich, dass bei Rückwärtsfahrt die Fräswalze stillsteht, weil bei einem versehentlichen Eingriff der Fräswalze mit der Bodenoberfläche die Baumaschine unkontrolliert und plötzlich beschleunigt werden kann. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Fräswalze, insbesondere bei Betriebsdrehzahl, beträgt nämlich ein Vielfaches, beispielsweise das 3-fache der Fahrgeschwindigkeit, so dass bei einem Eingriff der Fräswalze die Straßenbaumaschine stark beschleunigt werden kann.To avoid accidental collision of the tools of the milling drum with the ground surface, it is necessary that when reversing the milling drum is stationary, because in an accidental engagement of the milling drum with the ground surface, the construction machine can be uncontrolled and suddenly accelerated. Namely, the peripheral speed of the milling drum, especially at the operating speed, is a multiple, for example, 3 times the traveling speed, so that the road construction machine can be greatly accelerated upon engagement of the milling drum.

Dadurch besteht die Gefahr, dass die Fräswalze im Falle eines unbeabsichtigten Eingriffs mit der Bodenoberfläche beschädigt wird, so dass die Fräswalze, nachdem sie am Ende einer zu bearbeitenden Bodenoberfläche aus dem Frässchnitt nach oben herausgefahren worden ist, erst von dem Antriebsstrang entkoppelt wird. Jetzt kann die Baumaschine zurück zu dem Anfang der zu bearbeitenden Strecke zurückgefahren werden, wobei der Antriebsmotor dort zur Ankopplung der Fräswalze zunächst auf Leerlaufdrehzahl heruntergefahren werden muss.As a result, there is the risk that the milling drum will be damaged in the event of unintentional engagement with the ground surface, so that the milling drum is first decoupled from the drive train after it has been moved upwards out of the milling cut at the end of a ground surface to be worked. Now the construction machine can be moved back to the beginning of the track to be machined, where the drive motor must first be shut down there to idle speed for coupling the milling drum.

Bis zum Herunterfahren auf Leerlaufdrehzahl des aus einem Verbrennungsmotors bestehenden Antriebsmotors und auch zum Herauffahren auf Betriebsdrehzahl verstreicht eine erhebliche Wartezeit, anders als bei einem PKW-Motor.Until shutdown to idle speed of the drive motor consisting of an internal combustion engine and also to drive up to operating speed passes a considerable waiting time, unlike a car engine.

Vor der Bearbeitung des nächsten Streifens muss der Verbrennungsmotor dann wieder auf Betriebsdrehzahl gebracht werden. Diese Vorgänge sind sehr zeitraubend und insbesondere bei kurzen zu bearbeitenden Wegstrecken für den Fahrzeugführer sehr lästig. Zudem bedeuten die ständigen Schaltvorgänge der Kupplung und die damit verbundenen häufigen Lastwechsel des Verbrennungsmotors einen erhöhten Verschleiß für die Kupplung, den Verbrennungsmotor und für alle am Antriebsstrang beteiligten Komponenten.Before processing the next strip, the internal combustion engine must then be brought back to operating speed. These processes are very time consuming and very annoying especially for short distances to work for the driver. In addition, the constant switching operations of the clutch and the associated frequent load changes of the internal combustion engine mean Increased wear on the clutch, internal combustion engine and all components involved in the powertrain.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Baumaschine, sowie ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Bodenoberflächen zu schaffen, mit der der Zeitbedarf zur Bearbeitung einer vorgegebenen Bodenfläche reduziert werden kann.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a construction machine, and a method for processing of ground surfaces, with the time required for processing a given floor area can be reduced.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 11.To solve this problem serve the features of claim 1 and 11, respectively.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Fräswalze im angehobenen Zustand bei einer Fahrtrichtung, bei der die Drehrichtung der Fräswalze mit der Drehrichtung der Fahreinrichtungen übereinstimmt, mit dem Walzenantrieb gekoppelt bleibt und dass eine Überwachungseinrichtung einen Abstand der Fräswalze zur Bodenoberfläche überwacht und die angehobene Fräswalze von dem Antriebsmotor entkoppelt und/oder die Fahreinrichtungen von dem Antriebsmotor entkoppelt und/oder den Maschinenrahmen anhebt und/oder ein Alarmsignal erzeugt, wenn die Überwachungseinrichtung eine Unterschreitung eines vorgegebenen Abstandes detektiert.The invention provides that the milling drum in the raised state in a traveling direction in which the direction of rotation of the milling drum with the direction of rotation of the driving devices remains coupled to the roller drive and that a monitoring device monitors a distance of the milling drum to the ground surface and the raised milling drum of the Drive motor decoupled and / or decouples the driving devices from the drive motor and / or raises the machine frame and / or generates an alarm signal when the monitoring device detects an undershooting of a predetermined distance.

Nach der Erfindung kann die Fräswalze permanent mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelt bleiben.According to the invention, the milling drum can remain permanently coupled to the drive motor.

Es ist nicht mehr erforderlich, die Fräswalze, wenn sie aus dem Schnitt herausgefahren wird, von dem Antriebsstrang zu entkoppeln. Entsprechend erübrigt sich auch ein Herunterfahren mit anschließendem Herauffahren des Verbrennungsmotors, um die Fräswalze nach erfolgtem Umsetzen wieder einzuschalten. Die Fräswalze kann durch ein Verschwenken oder Anheben z.B. über Hubsäulen der Fahreinrichtungen aus dem Schnitt genommen werden. Eine Überwachungseinrichtung detektiert im angehobenen Zustand der Fräswalze, ob der für eine Fahrt ohne Fräsbetrieb vorgegebene Abstand der angehobenen Fräswalze zur Bodenoberfläche eingehalten wird. Bei Unterschreitung des vorgegebenen Abstandes wird die angehobene, zu diesem Zeitpunkt weiter rotierende Fräswalze von dem Antriebsmotor entkoppelt, so dass wenn die Fräswalze tatsächlich Bodenkontakt haben sollte, keine Antriebsleistung mehr auf die Fräswalze einwirkt und somit lediglich die aktuelle Rotationsenergie der Fräswalze vernichtet werden muss. Dabei genügt die Masse der Baumaschine, um zu verhindern, dass die Baumaschine einen Sprung in Fahrtrichtung ausführt, wenn die Fräswalze versehentlich in einen Eingriff mit der Bodenoberfläche gerät. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, dass bei einer Fahrt der Baumaschine ohne Fräsbetrieb nicht ein Zeitverlust dadurch eintritt, dass ein Herunterfahren und ein Hochlaufen des Antriebsmotors abgewartet werden muss.There is no longer any need to decouple the milling drum from the drive train as it is driven out of the cut. Accordingly, a shutdown with subsequent startup of the internal combustion engine is unnecessary in order to switch the milling drum on again after the reaction has taken place. The milling drum can be taken out of the cut by pivoting or lifting eg via lifting columns of the driving equipment. A monitoring device detects in the raised state of the milling drum, whether the predetermined for a ride without milling operation distance of the raised milling drum is maintained to the ground surface. Falls below the predetermined distance, the raised, at this time further rotating milling drum is decoupled from the drive motor, so that when the milling drum should actually have ground contact, no more driving power acts on the milling drum and thus only the current rotational energy of the milling drum to be destroyed got to. In this case, the mass of the construction machine is sufficient to prevent the construction machine from making a jump in the direction of travel when the milling drum accidentally engages the ground surface. In this way it is ensured that when driving the construction machine without milling operation does not lose time due to the fact that a shutdown and a run-up of the drive motor must be awaited.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht auch darin, dass der Verschleiß von Maschinenelementen, insbesondere der Kupplung, des Verbrennungsmotors und aller weiteren zum Antriebsstrang gehörigen Komponenten reduziert wird.Another advantage consists in the fact that the wear of machine elements, in particular the clutch, the internal combustion engine and all other components belonging to the drive train is reduced.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Fräswalze die Bodenoberfläche im Gegenlaufbetrieb fräst, wobei eine Transportfahrt in Vorwärtsrichtung aufgrund des Gegenlaufs unbedenklich ist. Die Erfindung befasst sich mit der Rückwärtsfahrt, in der die Fräswalze entgegen dem Stand der Technik, trotz des Gegenlaufs der Fräswalze mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelt bleiben kann.Preferably, it is provided that the milling drum mills the ground surface in mating operation, wherein a transport travel in the forward direction due to the mating run is harmless. The invention is concerned with the reverse drive, in which the milling drum contrary to the prior art, despite the counter-rotation of the milling drum can remain coupled to the drive motor.

Analog ist im Falle eines Gleichlaufbetriebes die Transportfahrt aufgrund des Gleichlaufs rückwärts unbedenklich und die Fräswalze bleibt in der angehobenen Position erfindungsgemäß auch bei Vorwärtsfahrt ohne Fräsbetrieb mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelt.Analogously, in the case of a synchronous operation, the transport drive due to the synchronization backwards harmless and the milling drum remains coupled in the raised position according to the invention even when driving forward without milling operation with the drive motor.

Die Überwachung des vorgegebenen Abstandes durch die Überwachungseinrichtung kann unmittelbar oder indirekt erfolgen. Eine unmittelbare Messung erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine mechanische oder elektronische Abstandsmessung, während eine indirekte Messung des Abstandes beispielsweise über Maschinenelemente der Baumaschine, über Taster oder über die aktuelle Position der den Maschinenrahmen tragenden Hubsäule erfolgen kann.The monitoring of the predetermined distance by the monitoring device can be done directly or indirectly. An immediate measurement is carried out, for example, by a mechanical or electronic distance measurement, while an indirect measurement of the distance, for example via machine elements of the construction machine, via push buttons or on the current position of the machine frame supporting lifting column can be done.

Dabei kann der vorgegebene Abstand der angehobenen Fräswalze zur Bodenoberfläche mit mindestens einem Sensor überwacht werden.In this case, the predetermined distance of the raised milling drum to the ground surface can be monitored with at least one sensor.

Der vorgegebene von der Überwachungseinrichtung zu überwachende Abstand kann in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe der Fahrgeschwindigkeit der Fahreinrichtung vergrößerbar sein. Beispielsweise kann der vorgegebene Abstand proportional oder progressiv mit zunehmender Höhe der Fahrgeschwindigkeit vergrößert werden.The predetermined distance to be monitored by the monitoring device can be increased as a function of the height of the driving speed of the driving device. For example, the predetermined distance may be proportional or progressively increased as the vehicle speed increases.

Nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die angehobene Fräswalze um einen vorgegebenen Betrag, der größer ist als ein einzuhaltender Mindestabstand der Fräswalze von der Bodenoberfläche angehoben ist, und dass eine zur Bodenoberfläche hin messende Tasteinrichtung eine untere Endposition aufweist, die dem vorgegebenen Abstand oder dem einzuhaltenden Mindestabstand der Fräswalze von der Bodenoberfläche entspricht. Bei einer derartigen Tasteinrichtung muss die Überwachungseinrichtung lediglich feststellen, ob die Tasteinrichtung die untere Endposition verlässt, da in diesem Fall ein vorgegebener Abstand oder ein einzuhaltender Mindestabstand der Fräswalze nicht mehr eingehalten wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the raised milling drum is raised by a predetermined amount which is greater than a minimum distance to be maintained of the milling drum from the ground surface, and that a sensing device for the ground surface has a lower end position, the predetermined distance or the minimum distance of the milling drum to be maintained from the ground surface. In such a sensing device, the monitoring device must only determine whether the sensing device leaves the lower end position, since in this case a predetermined distance or a minimum distance to be maintained of the milling drum is no longer complied with.

Die Baumaschine kann mit einer relativ zur Fräswalze absenkbaren Tasteinrichtung versehen sein, die gegenüber der Fräswalze zur Bodenoberfläche hin um einen vorgegebenen Abstand in Relation zum tiefsten Punkt des Schnittkreises der Fräswalze übersteht. Die Überwachungseinrichtung erzeugt im angehobenen Zustand der Fräswalze und im gleichzeitig abgesenkten Zustand der Tasteinrichtung beispielsweise ein Steuersignal zur Entkopplung der Fräswalze von dem Antriebsmotor, wenn der mindestens eine Sensor einen Kontakt der mindestens einen Tasteinrichtung mit der Bodenoberfläche oder ein Anheben der mindestens einen Tasteinrichtung durch die Bodenoberfläche detektiert. Dies bedeutet, dass die Tasteinrichtung, die im einfachsten Fall aus einem Taster bestehen kann, beim Anheben der Fräswalze gleichzeitig abgesenkt wird bis zu einer unteren Endposition, die einem vorgegebenen Abstand oder einem Mindestabstand der rotierenden Fräswalze zur Bodenoberfläche entspricht. Dabei hält die Tasteinrichtung ihrerseits einen Abstand gegenüber der Bodenoberfläche ein. Sollte bei einer Fahrt der Baumaschine ohne Fräsantrieb die Tasteinrichtung die Bodenoberfläche berühren, oder wird ein Anheben der Tasteinrichtung durch die Bodenoberfläche festgestellt, erzeugt die Überwachungseinrichtung beispielsweise ein Steuersignal zur Entkopplung der Fräswalze von dem Walzenantrieb bzw. dem Antriebsstrang.The construction machine can be provided with a lowerable relative to the milling drum sensing device which protrudes relative to the milling drum to the bottom surface by a predetermined distance in relation to the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum. The monitoring device generates in the raised state of the milling drum and in the simultaneously lowered state of the sensing device, for example, a control signal for decoupling the milling drum from the drive motor when the at least one sensor contact the at least one sensing device with the bottom surface or lifting the at least one sensing device through the bottom surface detected. This means that the sensing device, which may consist of a button in the simplest case, is simultaneously lowered when lifting the milling drum to a lower end position corresponding to a predetermined distance or a minimum distance of the rotating milling drum to the ground surface. In this case, the sensing device in turn holds a distance from the ground surface. Should the sensing device touch the ground surface during a drive of the construction machine without a milling drive, or if the sensing device is lifted by the ground surface, the monitoring device generates, for example, a control signal for decoupling the milling drum from the roller drive or drive train.

Der Sensor kann einen Bodenkontakt oder die Position der Tasteinrichtung detektieren, den Bodenkontakt beispielsweise mit einem Körperschallsensor und die Position beispielsweise mit einem Wegsensor. Alternativ kann die unterste Position der Tasteinrichtung mit einem Endschalter festgestellt werden.The sensor can detect a ground contact or the position of the sensing device, the ground contact, for example, with a structure-borne sound sensor and the position, for example, with a displacement sensor. Alternatively, the lowest position of the sensing device can be detected with a limit switch.

Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann neben der Entkopplung der Fräswalze auch zusätzlich oder alternativ die Fahreinrichtungen von dem Antriebsmotor entkoppeln und/oder den Maschinenrahmen anheben und/oder ein Alarmsignal auslösen.In addition to the decoupling of the milling drum, the monitoring device can additionally or alternatively decouple the driving devices from the drive motor and / or raise the machine frame and / or trigger an alarm signal.

Die Tasteinrichtung wird im angehobenen Zustand der Fräswalze um einen vorgegebenen Betrag, der größer ist als der vorgegebene Abstand der Fräswalze zu der Bodenoberfläche, zur Bodenoberfläche hin abgesenkt. Zumindest die untere Endposition der Tasteinrichtung ist von dem Sensor detektierbar, wobei die untere Endposition beispielsweise dem Mindestabstand der Fräswalze von der Bodenoberfläche entspricht.The sensing device is lowered in the raised state of the milling drum by a predetermined amount which is greater than the predetermined distance of the milling drum to the ground surface, towards the bottom surface. At least the lower end position of the sensing device is detectable by the sensor, wherein the lower end position, for example, corresponds to the minimum distance of the milling drum from the ground surface.

Die Tasteinrichtung kann aus einem in Fahrtrichtung hinter der Fräswalze angeordneten Abstreifschild bestehen. Dabei kann das Abstreifschild über die tiefste Position des Schnittkreises der Fräswalze hinaus nach unten abgesenkt werden.The sensing device may consist of a arranged behind the milling drum in the direction of travel Abstreifschild. In this case, the scraper blade can be lowered over the lowest position of the cutting circle of the milling drum also down.

Nach einer weiteren Alternative ist vorgesehen, dass die Tasteinrichtung aus einer die Fräswalze umgebenden Haube und/oder aus einem seitlich neben einer Stirnseite der Fräswalze angeordnetem Seitenschild besteht.According to a further alternative, it is provided that the sensing device consists of a hood surrounding the milling drum and / or of a side plate arranged laterally next to an end face of the milling drum.

Wie zuvor in Verbindung mit der Tasteinrichtung beschrieben, kann auch das Abstreifschild, die Haube oder an den Stirnseiten der Fräswalze vorgesehene Seitenschilder in gleicher Weise über den tiefsten Punkt des Schnittkreises der Fräswalze hinaus abgesenkt werden. Auch die Position der Seitenschilder, des Abstreifschildes und der die Fräswalze umgebenden Haube können in gleicher Weise, wie zuvor in Verbindung mit der Tasteinrichtung beschrieben, bezüglich des Abstandes zur Bodenoberfläche überwacht werden.As described above in connection with the sensing device, also the scraper blade, the hood or provided on the front sides of the milling drum side plates can be lowered in the same way beyond the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum. Also, the position of the side plates, the scraper blade and the hood surrounding the milling drum can be monitored in the same manner as described above in connection with the sensing device, with respect to the distance to the ground surface.

Im Falle einer die Fräswalze umgebenden Haube kann diese relativ zu der Fräswalze abgesenkt werden. Eine derartige Haube ist beispielsweise aus der WO 97/20109 bekannt.In the case of a surrounding the milling drum hood this can be lowered relative to the milling drum. Such a hood is for example from the WO 97/20109 known.

Im Folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine selbstfahrende Straßenfräsmaschine zum Bearbeiten von Bodenoberflächen im Arbeitsbetrieb,
Fig. 2
die Straßenfräsmaschine gemäß Fig. 1 bei Rückwärtsfahrt,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht des höhenverstellbaren Abstreifschildes, und
Fig. 4
einen Antriebsstrang mit walzenantrieb.
In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a self-propelled road milling machine for working on ground surfaces in working mode,
Fig. 2
the road milling machine according to Fig. 1 when reversing,
Fig. 3
a view of the height-adjustable Abstreifschildes, and
Fig. 4
a drive train with roller drive.

Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte selbstfahrende Baumaschine 1 zum Bearbeiten von Bodenoberflächen 2 weist einen Maschinenrahmen 4 auf, sowie einen Antriebsmotor 6 für den Antrieb von Fahreinrichtungen 8 und von Arbeitseinrichtungen. Die Fahreinrichtungen 8 bestehen in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 aus Rädern, bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 aus Kettenlaufwerken. Die hauptsächliche Arbeitseinrichtung besteht aus einer von einem Walzenantrieb 10 antreibbaren und von dem Antriebsmotor 6 entkoppelbaren Fräswalze 12 zum Fräsen der Bodenoberfläche 2.In the Fig. 1 shown self-propelled construction machine 1 for processing of ground surfaces 2 has a machine frame 4, and a drive motor 6 for the drive of driving devices 8 and of working equipment. The driving devices 8 are in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 from wheels, in the embodiment of the Fig. 3 from crawler tracks. The main working device consists of a drivable by a roller drive 10 and decoupled from the drive motor 6 milling drum 12 for milling the bottom surface second

Die Fräswalze kann in eine angehobenen Position verlagert werden, wenn sie nicht im Fräsbetrieb ist.The milling drum can be moved to a raised position when it is not in milling operation.

Die angehobene Position der Fräswalze 12 wird vorzugsweise mit Hilfe der Hubsäulen 20 erreicht, indem der Maschinenrahmen 4 insgesamt angehoben wird. Dabei wird die in dem Maschinenrahmen gelagerte Fräswalze 12 aus der Frässpur herausgehoben, bis sie einen vorgegebenen Abstand von der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufweist. Während des Herausfahrens der Fräswalze 12 aus der Frässpur und während der sich anschließenden Fahrt bleibt die Fräswalze 12 über den Walzenantrieb 10 und eine Kupplung 7 mit dem Antriebsmotor 6 gekoppelt, so dass es nicht erforderlich ist, zunächst den Antriebsmotor 6, vorzugsweise ein Verbrennungsmotor, auf Leerlaufdrehzahl herunterzufahren, dann die Fräswalze 12 von dem Antriebsmotor zu entkoppeln und anschließend den Antriebsmotor 6 auf seine Betriebsdrehzahl wieder hochzufahren.The raised position of the milling drum 12 is preferably achieved by means of the lifting columns 20 by lifting the machine frame 4 as a whole. In the process, the milling drum 12 mounted in the machine frame is lifted out of the milling track until it has a predetermined distance from the floor surface 2. During the driving out of the milling drum 12 from the milling track and during the subsequent drive, the milling drum 12 remains coupled via the roller drive 10 and a clutch 7 to the drive motor 6, see FIG that it is not necessary first to shut down the drive motor 6, preferably an internal combustion engine, to idling speed, then to decouple the milling drum 12 from the drive motor and then to raise the drive motor 6 to its operating speed again.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Fräswalze 12 im Gegenlaufbetrieb, bei dem die Drehrichtung der Fräswalze 12 entgegengesetzt zu der Drehrichtung der Fahreinrichtungen 8 ist. Bei Rückwärtsfahrt, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, ist dann die Drehrichtung der Fräswalze 12 übereinstimmend mit der Drehrichtung der Fahreinrichtungen 8, so dass die Gefahr besteht, dass bei einem unbeabsichtigten Kontakt mit der Bodenoberfläche 2 die Baumaschine 1 in unerwünschter Weise beschleunigt wird. Es ist daher eine Überwachungseinrichtung 14 vorgesehen, die den Abstand der Fräswalze 12 zur Bodenoberfläche 2 überwacht und die angehobene Fräswalze 12 von dem Walzenantrieb 10 entkoppelt, wenn die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 eine Unterschreitung eines vorgegebenen Abstandes detektiert. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fahreinrichtungen 8 von dem Antriebsmotor 6 entkoppelt werden, oder dass der Maschinenrahmen angehoben wird, oder dass ein Alarmsignal erzeugt wird. Fig. 1 shows the milling drum 12 in mating operation, in which the direction of rotation of the milling drum 12 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the driving devices 8. When reversing, as in Fig. 2 is shown, then the direction of rotation of the milling drum 12 coincides with the direction of rotation of the driving devices 8, so that the risk exists that in an unintentional contact with the ground surface 2, the construction machine 1 is undesirably accelerated. There is therefore provided a monitoring device 14 which monitors the distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 and decouples the raised milling drum 12 from the roller drive 10 when the monitoring device 14 detects a drop below a predetermined distance. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the driving devices 8 are decoupled from the drive motor 6, or that the machine frame is raised, or that an alarm signal is generated.

Der Abstand der Fräswalze 12 zur Bodenoberfläche 2 kann direkt oder indirekt gemessen werden. Die Detektionssignale der Überwachungseinrichtung 14 können einer Maschinensteuerung zugeführt werden oder direkt zum Entkoppeln der Fräswalze 12 oder der Fahreinrichtungen 8 von dem Antriebsmotor 6 verwendet werden, oder alternativ oder zusätzlich zum Anheben des Maschinenrahmens 4 durch die Hubsäulen 20 oder zur Erzeugung eines Alarmsignals verwendet werden.The distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 can be measured directly or indirectly. The detection signals from the monitoring device 14 may be supplied to a machine controller or used directly to decouple the milling drum 12 or traction devices 8 from the drive motor 6, or alternatively or additionally to lifting the machine frame 4 by the lifting columns 20 or to generate an alarm signal.

Vorzugsweise ist zur Überwachung des Abstandes der Fräswalze 12 zur Bodenoberfläche 2 ein Sensor vorgesehen. Dieser Sensor kann den Abstand zur Bodenoberfläche 2 direkt oder indirekt messen. Bei indirekter Messung wird beispielsweise die Position einer Tasteinrichtung überwacht, und zwar beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Wegmesseinrichtung oder mit Hilfe eines Entschalters, der eine bestimmte Position der Tasteinrichtung detektiert.Preferably, a sensor is provided for monitoring the distance of the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2. This sensor can measure the distance to the ground surface 2 directly or indirectly. In indirect measurement, for example, the position of a sensing device is monitored, for example by means of a displacement measuring device or with the aid of a de-switch that detects a specific position of the sensing device.

Der zu überwachende Abstand kann entweder fest vorgegeben sein, oder aus einem fest vorgegebenen Mindestabstand bestehen, oder dahingehend variabel sein, dass er in Abhängigkeit von einer steigenden Fahrgeschwindigkeit der Fahreinrichtungen 8 vergrößerbar ist. Dies bedeutet, dass bei steigender Fahrgeschwindigkeit der vorgegebene Abstand kontinuierlich, vorzugsweise proportional zunimmt.The distance to be monitored can either be fixed, or consist of a fixed minimum distance, or be variable so that it can be increased in dependence on an increasing driving speed of the driving devices 8. This means that with increasing travel speed, the predetermined distance increases continuously, preferably proportionally.

Eine relativ zur angehobenen Fräswalze 12 absenkbare Tasteinrichtung kann an dem Maschinenrahmen 4 derart angeordnet sein, dass die Tasteinrichtung gegenüber der Fräswalze 12 zur Bodenoberfläche 2 hin um einen vorgegebenen Abstand übersteht, wobei die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 im angehobenen Zustand der Fräswalze 12 und im gleichzeitig abgesenkten Zustand der Tasteinrichtung zumindest die Fräswalze 12 von dem Antriebsmotor 6 entkoppelt, wenn die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 einen Kontakt der mindestens einen Tasteinrichtung mit der Bodenoberfläche 2 oder ein Anheben der mindestens einen Tasteinrichtung durch die Bodenoberfläche 2 detektiert. Es versteht sich, dass außer dem Entkoppeln der Fräswalze 12 von dem Antriebsmotor 6 auch alternativ oder zusätzlich die Fahrantriebe 8 von dem Antriebsmotor 6 entkoppelt werden können oder der Maschinenrahmen 4 über die Hubsäulen 20 angehoben werden kann.A lowerable relative to the raised milling drum 12 sensing device may be arranged on the machine frame 4 such that the sensing device relative to the milling drum 12 to the bottom surface 2 out by a predetermined distance, wherein the monitoring device 14 in the raised state of the milling drum 12 and in the same lowered state of the Sensing device decoupled at least the milling drum 12 of the drive motor 6 when the monitoring device 14 detects contact of the at least one sensing device with the bottom surface 2 or raising the at least one sensing device through the bottom surface 2. It is understood that in addition to the decoupling of the milling drum 12 of the drive motor 6, alternatively or additionally, the travel drives 8 can be decoupled from the drive motor 6 or the machine frame 4 can be raised via the lifting columns 20.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fign. 1 und 2 ist vorgesehen, dass die Tasteinrichtung aus einem in Arbeitsrichtung hinter der Fräswalze 12 angeordneten Abstreifschild 22 besteht.In a preferred embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided that the sensing device consists of a working direction behind the milling drum 12 arranged scraper blade 22.

Im Fräsbetrieb gemäß Fig. 1 befindet sich das Abstreifschild 22, das innerhalb eines Portals 21 im wesentlichen vertikal höhenverstellbar ist, in der Frässpur und schabt dort hinter der Fräswalze 12 die neu gefräste Frässpur ab, damit keine Rückstände auf der Frässpur verbleiben.In milling operation according to Fig. 1 is the scraper blade 22 which is vertically adjustable within a portal 21 substantially in the milling track and scrapes there behind the milling roller 12 from the newly milled milling track, so that no residues remain on the milling track.

Dabei befindet sich die Unterkante des Abstreifschildes 22 in der gleichen Ebene wie der unterste Punkt des in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Schnittkreises der Fräswalze 12.In this case, the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 is in the same plane as the lowest point of the cutting circle of the milling drum 12 shown in the drawings.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Fräswalze 12 in der angehobenen Position, in der die unterste Stelle des Schnittkreises einen Abstand von der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufweist. Das Abstreifschild 22 ist ebenfalls in einer angehobenen Position außerhalb der Frässpur, wobei die Unterkante des Abstreifschildes 22 einen erheblich geringeren Abstand von der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufweist als die Fräswalze 12. Der Abstand der Unterkante des Abstreifschildes 22 kann einem vorgegebenen Abstand entsprechen, den die Fräswalze 12 von der Bodenoberfläche 2 einzuhalten hat. Fig. 2 shows the milling drum 12 in the raised position, in which the lowest point of the cutting circle has a distance from the bottom surface 2. The scraper blade 22 is also in a raised position outside the milling track, wherein the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 has a significantly smaller distance from the bottom surface 2 than the milling drum 12. The distance of the lower edge of the scraper blade 22 may correspond to a predetermined distance, the milling drum 12th has to comply with the soil surface 2.

Die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 kann beispielsweise feststellen, ob das Abstreifschild 22 die Bodenoberfläche 2 berührt, indem beispielsweise ein Körperschallsensor verwendet wird.For example, the monitoring device 14 can determine whether the scraper blade 22 touches the ground surface 2 by, for example, using a structure-borne sound sensor.

Alternativ kann die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 beispielsweise feststellen, ob das Abstreifschild 22 durch die Bodenoberfläche 2 angehoben wird und dadurch seine untere Endposition verlässt. Dies kann im einfachsten Fall mit Hilfe von Endschaltern für die unterste Position des Abstreifschildes 22 festgestellt werden.Alternatively, the monitoring device 14 can determine, for example, whether the scraper blade 22 is lifted by the bottom surface 2 and thereby leaves its lower end position. This can be determined in the simplest case by means of limit switches for the lowest position of the scraper blade 22.

Es versteht sich, dass auch an dem Abstreifschild 22 ein Abstandssensor angeordnet sein kann, der direkt den Abstand zur Bodenoberfläche 2 berührungslos messen kann.It is understood that also on the scraper blade 22, a distance sensor can be arranged, which can directly measure the distance to the bottom surface 2 without contact.

Es versteht sich ferner, dass anstelle des Abstreifschildes 22 beispielsweise ein von dem Maschinenrahmen 4 abstehender vorzugsweise federbelasteter Taster eingesetzt werden kann.It is further understood that instead of the scraper blade 22, for example, a protruding from the machine frame 4 preferably spring-loaded button can be used.

Bei einer weiteren Alternative kann auch das Seitenschild 24, das vorzugsweise beiderseits der Fräswalze 12 stirnseitig angeordnet ist, als Tasteinrichtung verwendet werden. Fig.1 zeigt das Seitenschild 24 im Betriebszustand, bei dem das Seitenschild 24 auf der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufliegt und ein Abbrechen der Fräskante verhindert. Ein derartiges Seitenschild 24 wird daher auch häufig als Kantenschutz bezeichnet. Das Seitenschild 24 ist wie in den Zeichnungen ersichtlich, vertikal höhenverstellbar, wobei es unabhängig von der aktuellen Frästiefe der Fräswalze 12 stets auf der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufliegt.In a further alternative, the side plate 24, which is preferably arranged on both sides of the milling drum 12 frontally, can be used as a sensing device. Fig.1 shows the side plate 24 in the operating state in which the side plate 24 rests on the bottom surface 2 and prevents the cutting edge breaking off. Such a side plate 24 is therefore often referred to as edge protection. The side plate 24 is vertically adjustable, as can be seen in the drawings, wherein it always rests on the bottom surface 2 regardless of the current cutting depth of the milling drum 12.

In Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass im angehobenen Zustand der Fräswalze 12 auch das Seitenschild 24 angehoben wird, bis es einen vorgegebenen Abstand von der Bodenoberfläche 2 aufweist. In Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass das Seitenschild 24 in einer vertikalen Führung die untere Endposition erreicht hat. Die Detektion des Abstandes oder eines Mindestabstandes erfolgt in gleicher Weise, wie mit dem höhenverstellbaren Abstreifschild 22.In Fig. 2 it can be seen that in the raised state of the milling drum 12 and the side plate 24 is raised until it has a predetermined distance from the bottom surface 2. In Fig. 2 It can be seen that the side plate 24 has reached the lower end position in a vertical guide. The detection of the distance or a minimum distance is carried out in the same manner as with the height-adjustable scraper blade 22nd

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines Abstreifschildes 22, wie es grundsätzlich bereits aus der EP 1408 158 A bekannt ist. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a scraper blade 22, as basically already from the EP 1408 158 A is known.

Fig. 4 zeigt den Antriebsstrang der Baumaschine 1 bestehend aus dem Antriebsmotor 6, der über eine Kupplung 7 mit einem Walzenantrieb 10 koppelbar ist, der die im Maschinenrahmen 4 gelagerte Fräswalze 12 mit Hilfe eines Riementriebs 11 antreibt. Es versteht sich, dass die Kupplung 7 bezüglich des Walzenantriebs 10 auch abtriebsseitig angeordnet sein kann. Fig. 4 shows the drive train of the construction machine 1 consisting of the drive motor 6, which can be coupled via a coupling 7 with a roller drive 10, which drives the milling drum 12 mounted in the machine frame 4 by means of a belt drive 11. It is understood that the clutch 7 with respect to the roller drive 10 can also be arranged on the output side.

Es versteht sich, dass obwohl die Ausführungsbeispiele einer Straßenfräsmaschine als Vorderlader zeigen, andere Baumaschinen mit einer Fräswalze 12 z.B. Hinterlader oder Recycler nach dem gleichen Prinzip arbeiten können.It will be understood that although the embodiments of a road milling machine show as a muzzle loader, other construction machines with a milling drum 12, e.g. Hinterlader or recycler can work on the same principle.

Die Überwachungseinrichtung 14 ermöglicht einen effizienten und sicheren Betrieb der Baumaschine 1, so dass das wiederholte Herunterfahren des Antriebsmotors 6 auf Leerlaufdrehzahl und das anschließende Herauffahren der Betriebsdrehzahl an den jeweiligen Enden einer zu bearbeitenden Strecke nicht mehr erforderlich ist.The monitoring device 14 allows efficient and safe operation of the construction machine 1, so that the repeated shutdown of the drive motor 6 to idle speed and the subsequent start up of the operating speed at the respective ends of a route to be machined is no longer required.

Claims (21)

  1. Automotive construction machine (1) for working ground surfaces (2),
    - with a machine frame (4),
    - with a drive engine (6) for driving travelling devices (8) and for driving working devices, and
    - with a milling drum (12) for milling the ground surfaces (2), which is capable of being raised and is driven by and capable of being uncoupled from the drive engine (6),
    where the milling drum (12) is capable of being moved into a raised position when it is not in milling mode,
    characterized in that,
    the construction machine (1) comprises a monitoring device (14) for monitoring a distance between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2), and
    the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6) when in raised position and with a direction of travel in which the rotating direction of the milling drum (12) corresponds to the rotating direction of the travelling devices (8), and
    wherein the monitoring device (14) uncouples the raised milling drum (12) from the drive engine (6) and/or uncouples the travelling devices (8) from the drive engine (6) and/or raises the machine frame (4) and/or generates an alarm signal when the monitoring device (14) detects a deviation that falls below a pre-determined distance.
  2. Construction machine (1) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that, when travelling forward, the milling drum (12) mills the ground surface (2) in up-milling mode, in which the milling drum (12) rotates in a sense opposite to that of the travelling device (8), wherein the milling drum (12) is capable of being moved into a raised position for the purpose of travelling in backward direction, in which the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6).
  3. Construction machine (1) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that, when the milling drum (12) mills the ground surface (2) in down-milling mode when travelling forward, in which mode the milling drum (12) rotates in the same sense as the travelling device (8), the milling drum (12) is capable of being moved into a raised position for the purpose of travelling in forward direction, in which the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6).
  4. Construction machine (1) in accordance with claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the monitoring device (14) monitors, with at least one sensor, a pre-determined distance between the raised milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2).
  5. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pre-determined distance to be monitored by the monitoring device (14) is capable of being increased in accordance with the travel speed of the travelling devices (8).
  6. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the raised position, the milling drum (12) is raised by a pre-determined amount that is larger than a minimum distance to be maintained between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2), and in that a sensing device measuring towards the ground surface (2) shows a lower limit position that corresponds to the pre-determined distance or to a minimum distance to be maintained between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2).
  7. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one sensing device capable of being lowered relative to the raised milling drum (12) is arranged at the milling drum (12) in such a manner that the sensing device projects vis-à-vis the raised milling drum (12) towards the ground surface (2) by a pre-determined distance, and in that the monitoring device (14), in the raised position of the milling drum (12) and the simultaneously lowered position of the sensing device, uncouples at least the milling drum (12) from the drum drive (10) when the monitoring device (14) detects a contact of the at least one sensing device with the ground surface (2) or that the at least one sensing device is raised by the ground surface (2).
  8. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the sensing device consists of a scraper blade (22) that is arranged behind the milling drum (12) when seen in the direction of travel.
  9. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the sensing device consists of a hood (18) enclosing the milling drum (12) and/or of a side plate (24) arranged at the side next to a front end of the milling drum (12).
  10. Construction machine (1) in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the travelling devices (8) show lifting columns (20) by means of which the machine frame (4) is capable of being raised together with the milling drum (12), and in that the monitoring device (14) generates an input signal for the position of the lifting columns in accordance with the distance monitored and/or the travel speed.
  11. Method for working ground surfaces (2) with a construction machine (1) that is automotive by means of travelling devices (8) and in which a milling drum (12) supported in a machine frame (4) is driven by a drive engine (6),
    where the milling drum (12) is moved into a raised position when it is not in milling mode,
    characterized in that,
    the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6) when in raised position and with a direction of travel in which the rotating direction of the milling drum (12) corresponds to the rotating direction of the travelling devices (8),
    - wherein a distance is monitored between the rotating, raised milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2), and
    - wherein the milling drum (12) is uncoupled from the drive engine (6), and/or the travelling devices (8) are uncoupled from the drive engine (6) and/or the machine frame (4) is raised and/or an alarm signal is generated when detecting that the deviation falls below a pre-determined distance between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2).
  12. Method in accordance with claim 11, characterized in that a distance is monitored between the rotating, raised milling drum (12) and an obstacle present in front of the milling drum (12), seen in the direction of travel.
  13. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 - 12, characterized in that, when travelling forward, the ground surface (2) is milled in up-milling mode, in which the milling drum (12) rotates in a sense opposite to that of the sense of rotation of the travelling device (8), wherein the milling drum (12) is capable of being moved into a raised position for the purpose of travelling backwards, in which the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6).
  14. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 - 12, characterized in that, when travelling forward, the ground surface (2) is milled in down-milling mode, in which the milling drum (12) rotates in the same sense as the travelling device (8), wherein the milling drum (12) is capable of being moved into a raised position for the purpose of travelling forward, in which the milling drum (12) remains coupled with the drive engine (6).
  15. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the pre-determined distance to be monitored is increased in accordance with the increasing travel speed of the travelling devices (8), preferably in a proportional manner.
  16. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the milling drum (12) is raised to the raised position by a pre-determined amount that is larger than a minimum distance to be maintained between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2), and in that a sensing device measuring towards the ground surface (2) takes a lower limit position which corresponds to the pre-determined distance or to the minimum distance to be maintained between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2).
  17. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the at least one sensing device at the milling drum (12) is used for monitoring the distance, the said sensing device being lowered relative to the raised milling drum (12) but without touching the ground surface, and
    in that, as a result of monitoring in the raised position of the milling drum (12) and the simultaneously lowered position of the sensing device, at least the milling drum (12) is uncoupled from the drive engine (6) when detecting a contact of the at least one lowered sensing device with the ground surface or that the at least one sensing device is raised by the ground surface.
  18. Method in accordance with claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a scraper blade (22) that is arranged behind the milling drum (12) when seen in the direction of travel is used as a sensing device.
  19. Method in accordance with claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a side plate (24) arranged at the side next to the milling drum (12) and/or a hood (18) enclosing the milling drum (12) is used as a sensing device.
  20. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 19, characterized in that lifting columns (20) are used for raising the milling drum (12) together with the machine frame (4), and in that an input signal for the position of the lifting columns is generated in accordance with monitoring the distance and/or the travel speed.
  21. Method in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 15, characterized in that lifting columns (20) are used for raising the milling drum (12) together with the machine frame (4), and in that a position signal of the lifting columns (20) is used as distance signal to be monitored for the distance between the milling drum (12) and the ground surface (2).
EP07108318A 2006-05-22 2007-05-16 Self-propelling construction machine and method for treating ground surfaces Active EP1860241B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07108318T PL1860241T3 (en) 2006-05-22 2007-05-16 Self-propelling construction machine and method for treating ground surfaces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006024123A DE102006024123B4 (en) 2006-05-22 2006-05-22 Self-propelled construction machine, as well as methods for processing of ground surfaces

Publications (3)

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EP1860241A2 EP1860241A2 (en) 2007-11-28
EP1860241A3 EP1860241A3 (en) 2008-06-04
EP1860241B1 true EP1860241B1 (en) 2010-03-24

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US (1) US7530641B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1860241B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101078194B (en)
AT (1) ATE462044T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007202213B2 (en)
DE (2) DE102006024123B4 (en)
ES (1) ES2343280T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1860241T3 (en)

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CN101078194A (en) 2007-11-28
ATE462044T1 (en) 2010-04-15
DE102006024123B4 (en) 2010-02-25
AU2007202213B2 (en) 2008-12-11
US7530641B2 (en) 2009-05-12
PL1860241T3 (en) 2010-09-30
ES2343280T3 (en) 2010-07-27
US20070286678A1 (en) 2007-12-13
EP1860241A2 (en) 2007-11-28
CN101078194B (en) 2012-06-06
EP1860241A3 (en) 2008-06-04
AU2007202213A1 (en) 2007-12-06
DE102006024123A1 (en) 2007-11-29
DE502007003196D1 (en) 2010-05-06

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