EP1476251B1 - Jaw crusher comprising a traversing drive shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a jaw crusher (1) that is designed for use in different locations, said crusher having a housing (2) with a traversing crushing compartment (3). The latter (3) is configured in a traversing manner, despite the provision of three or more swinging crusher jaws (4) and fixed crusher jaws (5) in the vicinity. In addition, the jaw crusher is provided with a traversing drive shaft (19), which predefines the eccentricity by means of adjustable eccentric bushings (20) that are detachably mounted on said shaft.

Description

The invention relates to a jaw crusher, in particular in the form of a pendulum swing crusher or a rocker arm crusher according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such jaw crushers ( DE-OS 1 607 514.2 ) have two crushing jaws, one of which is usually fixed and the other swinging arranged. The crushed material is crushed in the crushing compartment during periodic closing of oscillating about a pivoting crushing jaw between the two crushing jaws, especially by compressive stress, and falls after repeated stressing and crushing process due to its gravity out of the crushing compartment. Depending on the arrangement of the rocker axis, the oscillating crushing jaw at the top or bottom carries out the greatest movement. In general, the rockers are stored at the top because the greater amplitude at the discharge gap ensures greater throughput. In lower swingarm storage, a good DC grain but only an unsatisfactory throughput is achieved by the lower amplitude at the discharge gap. So-called pendulum swing crushers and rocker arm crushers have proven themselves. From the DE-OS 16 07 514.2 a jaw crusher is known, both in the form of the pendulum rocker and the rocker arm crusher, in which are driven by a correspondingly extended drive shaft two crushing jaw systems simultaneously. Both crushing jaws are but in separate crushing compartments housed, so that pieces of material having larger dimensions than a crushing compartment, can not be crushed in such aggregates. A further disadvantage is that the drive shaft shown in the manufacture due to the spaced and circumferentially offset cams is very unfavorable and beyond any changes in requirements can not be adjusted. Rather, then the entire drive shaft must be replaced and beyond the other components are adapted so that a changed operation is possible. Similarly constructed is a double jaw crusher after the U.S. Patent 4,248,390 in which the eccentricity can be changed by applying eccentric bushes on the eccentric or the cam of the drive shaft. The production of such drive shafts with integrated cams is very expensive. In addition, the drive shaft is equipped in the longitudinal direction only with a pair of crushing jaws. In principle, the same problems the DE-OS 199 56 200.8 - 23 on, except that in spite of two or three juxtaposed crushing jaw systems now working with a continuous crushing compartment, so that much larger individual pieces of material can be fed into the crusher and crushed. In the case of necessary adjustments and changes, however, the drive shaft equipped with cams must also be replaced by a new one, which is necessary even when corresponding wear has occurred.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a equipped with a plurality of juxtaposed crushing jaw jaw crusher, which is easy to disassemble and convert with respect to the eccentricity and needs to be outdated or supplemented with wear only with respect to the items.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a jaw crusher with the features specified in claim 1.

In the case of a jaw crusher designed in this way, it is possible for the first time to make do with a crushing jaw system associated with a drive shaft which is simple in its manufacture and favorable in use. The required eccentricity is produced by deferred and fixed at the appropriate locations on the drive shaft eccentric bushings, so not only in terms of cost enormous benefits are recorded, but also given the opportunity to arrange the eccentric so that a given certain eccentricity is reached where it is theoretically possible to assign the individual crushing jaw systems different eccentricity or pretend for this. A further advantage is that due to the detachable arrangement of the eccentric bushings, only these eccentric bushings or the respective worn parts must now be exchanged, whereby it is also possible to fully utilize the crushing jaws, because the same crushing success is achieved by changing the eccentricity can be. As already explained, the continuous drive shaft is supported over the length not only on the side walls from safe, but at the same time on the spaced bearing support, but do not lead to a subdivision of the crushing compartment, but only as a bearing carrier with roller bearings are realized.

In an expedient embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the exchangeable eccentric bushes are designed to be displaceable and rotatable on the drive shaft in the released state. Since, according to the invention, a continuous rod is used as a drive shaft, the individual eccentric bushes can each easily into the necessary working position pushed, there brought in the circumferential direction in the intended position and then set to perform their service effectively.

In order to be able to determine the eccentric bushes once defined effectively during the movement, a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention provides that the eccentric bushes are releasably connected to the drive shaft via a groove / spring connection. Several such groove / spring connections can be specified over the circumference, so that when the eccentricity is adjusted, the user has the option of bringing the eccentric bushings into an optimum position for his intended task.

In order to be able to push the eccentric bushes effectively on the drive shaft into the respective working position, an advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the eccentric bushings are detachably connected to the drive shaft and the swinging tube associated with the oscillating crushing jaw. The single crushing jaw is thus preassembled to then connect them via the eccentric bushings with the swinging tube and bring in the appropriate movement.

The bearing carrier expediently have plummer blocks to ensure the respective support and leadership position for the continuous drive shaft.

A safe and lasting safe lubrication for the drive shaft is to be realized if, as provided according to the invention, the roller bearings, preferably the side walls associated roller bearings are equipped with a labyrinth seal, which have over the drive shaft equipped with O-rings annular grooves. The O-rings and the secure positioning of the O-rings in the annular grooves ensure that the lubricant remains exactly in the area where it is needed for the permanently secure guidance of the drive shaft. Long service life of such devices are advantageously ensured by this particular training.

The total thickness of the walls of the housing can be kept within advantageous limits, when the housing carriers are assigned to the housing dividing compartment walls, which are formed reaching in the lower third to half the height of the side walls. Thus, the large jaw crusher feed is present and even large pieces of crushing material are confiscated, while in the lower third or at half height then a subdivision is made, these compartment walls supportive and beyond also can have the advantage that the backflowing material itself not limited to one of the baking systems, but each in the individual crushing compartments can build evenly or even break down again.

The most expedient embodiment of this compartment walls is that in which the additional partition walls are formed arcuately extending with the upper edge, the walls are formed arcuate with the upper edge, because in this way the optimal support is given, but at the same time the separation by the Partition walls can be placed down to the lowest possible point.

The crushing gap of such crushers must be adjusted due to wear, but often for other reasons. For this purpose, it is known to bring in the Einstellkeil with the help of plates in the respective position and to fix. A further advantageous embodiment of the invention, however, provides that for the automation and better operation of the entire crushing process, the Brechspalteinstellung with its Einstellkeil has a hydraulic adjusting cylinder. The hydraulic adjusting cylinder ensures that the adjusting wedge is pushed into the appropriate position or even raised, depending on whether you want to increase or decrease the crushing gap.

Wherever work is done with non-stationary crushers or can be worked, it is advantageous if such a crusher, consisting can transport from one work place to another from several juxtaposed Brechbackensystemen. This is achieved according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the housing has a base with arranged between longitudinal and transverse beams compartment for the discharge conveyor and gooseneck approach for the drive motor. Thus, a complete unit is specified, wherein the crusher or the individual subareas of the crusher leaving crushing material falls on a discharge conveyor and is transported by this, for example, a truck. Through the gooseneck approach, it is possible to drive the motor in each case to one position bring where it is housed safely and can act safely on the drive wheels of the crusher, while for the discharge conveyor, an area is specified, where he can safely without the ground to support the crushed material and transport away.

In order to be able to realize a favorable transport unit, an embodiment of the invention provides that the discharge conveyor on the gooseneck approach opposite end of the substructure is pivotally, preferably formed by 90 ° high, wherein conveyor accessories are equipped with an additional, own pivoting device. When swinging the discharge conveyor in the transport position, the respective conveyor accessory or several such parts is pivoted so that it is possible to pivot the corresponding pivot end of the discharge practically to 90 ° via the additional pivoting device. Thus, the compact transport unit is realized, which makes it possible at the place of use also each quickly take the working position again to start quickly with the crushing work can.

Advantageously, very large individual pieces can be detected by the crushing jaws, because namely provided according to the invention that two or more vibrating crushing jaws, which are driven via the common, supported by intermediate bearings drive shaft, are arranged in a common crushing compartment, wherein the crushing jaws on the common drive shaft are intermittently movable. So here is for two, three or four crushing jaws a common, continuous crusher housing or a Brecherabteil provided. The continuous drive shaft, which are assigned to the individual oscillating crushing jaws, is supported via intermediate storage so that an impairment of the more or less long drive shaft can not occur.

According to a further expedient embodiment, it is then provided that the crushing compartment is arranged with the drive shaft on a support frame in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft and provided with a complete housing or housing with material guide for the crushing material. As already explained above, can be brought in this way, such a jaw crusher from one place to another, being ensured over the entire enclosure that imported, crushed mountains and other material can not endanger the environment, so just one Jaw crusher can also be easily moved from one job site to another. Separate security measures are not required.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a jaw crusher is provided which can be constructed advantageously with respect to the eccentricity independently of its respective separate configuration. For this purpose, the drive shaft are formed as a continuous rod and the eccentric eccentric bushings, which can be moved on the respective drive shaft and then rotated into the correct position, so as to realize the desired eccentricity. It is particularly advantageous in this solution that the assembly of the eccentricity predetermining eccentric bushings is easy and fast to accomplish and that it is possible by slightly turning in the circumferential direction different eccentricities each crushing jaw system pretend. This makes it possible to break material by combining several crushing jaw systems, which has a very specific grain structure, because it is possible to produce in such a combination and different material in one operation, which then automatically mixes on or in the discharge conveyor, so to produce a particularly uniform and easy-to-process crushed material. Such a jaw crusher is expediently provided with a water mist spraying (Bönschrohr) in order to keep the formation of dust within limits or to ensure safe precipitation. The water mist nozzles can be integrated in the side and the remaining walls of the housing or in the top cover, in order to achieve a uniform influence.

Figur 1

einen Pendelschwingenbrecher in Seitenansicht,

Figur 2

die durchgehende Antriebswelle, mit geschnittenen Zubehörteilen,

Figur 3

einen Kurbelschwingenbrecher in Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten,

Figur 4

den Verbindungsbereich zwischen dem die Antriebswelle abstützenden Lager und einem benachbarten drehenden Lager mit Schwingenverbindung,

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht auf einen Pendelschwingenbrecher,

Figur 6

eine Vorkopfansicht eines Pendelschwingenbrechers,

Figur 7

eine Brechbacke eines Kurbgelschwingenbrechers,

Figur 8

einen Unterbau für einen Backenbrecher in Seitenansicht,

Figur 9

den mit einem kompletten Backenbrecher bestückten Unterbau in Seitenansicht und

Figur 10

in Vorkopfansicht.

Further details and advantages of the subject invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings in which preferred embodiments are shown with the necessary details and individual parts. Show it:

FIG. 1

a swingarm breaker in side view,

FIG. 2

the continuous drive shaft, with cut accessories,

FIG. 3

a rocker arm crusher in side view, partially cut,

FIG. 4

the connection region between the bearing supporting the drive shaft and an adjacent rotating bearing with swing connection,

FIG. 5

a plan view of a pendulum swing crusher,

FIG. 6

a front view of a pendulum swing crusher,

FIG. 7

a crushing jaw of a crankarm swing crusher,

FIG. 8

a substructure for a jaw crusher in side view,

FIG. 9

the equipped with a complete jaw crusher substructure in side view and

FIG. 10

in Vorkopfansicht.

1 shows a pendulum swing crusher or a jaw crusher 1 with its housing 2 and a crushing compartment 3. The invention is based on the fact that only one crushing compartment in the longitudinal direction, as will be clarified with reference to the further figures, is intended to reliably realize pieces of material of different sizes to be able to break.

The jaw crusher 1 has three crushing jaw systems 4, 5 driven by a drive shaft 19. The oscillating crushing jaw is exemplified by 4 and the fixed crushing crusher of one of these crushing jaw systems is exemplarily denoted by 5, wherein the stationary crushing jaw 5 can form with the side wall of the housing 2.

The individual crushing jaws 4, 5 are each set to each other, that results in a favorable pull-in and breaking angle between the two. In this way, a jumping out of the pieces of material or other material to be crushed is mitverhindert simultaneously. Essentially adjustable is the crushing gap on the Brechspalteinstellung 6, in which case this consists of the Einstellkeil 7 and the hydraulic adjusting cylinder 8. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the adjusting wedge 7 can be pulled out or pushed in via the hydraulic adjusting cylinder 8 in order to achieve the crushing-gap adjustment 6 in a targeted manner in this way.

When pendulum swing crusher is working with two pressure plates 9 and 10, which are housed in specially trained pressure plate bearings 11 and arranged so that they each ensure when operating the pull rod 15 and when raising and lowering that the swing breaker jaw 4 performs the intended movement. About the spring rod 12 and the return spring 13 ensures that with each oscillating movement of the crushing jaw 4, this is retracted to the starting position.

To generate de each characterized by eccentricity oscillating movement of the crushing jaw 4, the tie rod 15 is connected to the swinging tube 16 composites, wherein the swinging tube 16 surrounds the drive shaft 19 which receives according to the invention by means of eccentric 18 serving as eccentric bushings 20 the targeted movement.

In the embodiment of the long drive shaft 19 shown here with the seated eccentric bushings 20, the displacement 17 is realized in particular on the side walls 28, 29. Details will be explained later.

At both ends of the drive shaft 19 sit flywheel and drive pulleys 21, 55 over which the drive shaft 19 is rotated uniformly. The eccentricity receives in each case then the swinging tube 16 and thus the unit of the crushing jaws 4, 5 via the eccentric bushings 20. With 22, the swingarm axis is referred to the swingarm bearing.

The individual eccentric bushings 20 are displaceable on the drive shaft 19 and can be fixed there by means of a groove / spring connection 23 or a similar attachment possibility. It is advantageous that the 19 different eccentricities can be adjusted by turning the eccentric bushing 20 on the drive shaft and this ever Brechbackensytem 4, 5.

On the individual crushing jaws 4, 5, a baking pad 24 is provided, which can be easily replaced by a pad attachment 25, because this serve locking wedges 26, which allow easy release.

While Figure 1 reproduces a pendulum swing crusher, Figure 3 shows a rocker arm crusher, wherein also here on the drive shaft 19, an eccentric bush or a plurality of eccentric bushes 20 are arranged displaceable and fixable. This is followed by the roller bearing 30 and finally the Swing tube 16 on. From the point of view, both with regard to the crushing gap setting 6 and the remaining details may be made to Figure 1, because in principle the same means can be realized here.

FIG. 2 shows the drive shaft 19 provided uniformly for the jaw crushers 1 according to FIG. 1 and also FIG. 3. On this drive shaft 19, three eccentric bushes 20, 20 ', 20 "are arranged, which are secured via roller bearings 32, 32', 32" are that a steady movement is ensured. Seen over the length bearing carrier 31 are provided, once in the form of a pillow block 33 or a movable bearing 34 or a fixed bearing 35 so as to ensure over the length of a uniform support of the drive shaft 19. About the here only indicated vibrating crushing jaws 4, 4 ', 4 "and the swingarm tubes 16, 16', 16" is ensured that the movement of the drive shaft 19 through the eccentric bushings 20 and the swingarm tubes 16 are passed evenly. This makes it possible, not only with such a long drive shafts 19 to make do with a drive, but also with a continuous crushing compartment 3, so that a total so that a very large crushing mouth or a breaking opening is predetermined. Theoretically, it is possible to make the drive shaft 19 even longer, so as to operate even a fourth or better even a 5th crushing jaw combination 4, 5 at the same time.

It is clear from FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 that a particularly favorable guidance and lubrication of the drive shaft 19 is possible in that labyrinth seals 36 are realized in the region of the roller bearings 30, the O-rings 37 arranged in annular grooves 38 relative to the drive shaft 19 have, which can take care of a corresponding sealing of the individual sections.

Returning to FIG. 1, it should also be pointed out that, for reasons of statics, compartment walls 39 may be realized in areas of the bearing brackets 31 can be, but not up to the height of the side walls 28, 29 are high, but max. up to 50% of their height. But above all, it is conceivable and advantageous to realize them only in the lower third, the upper edge 40 being curved in order to achieve favorable static values.

FIG. 5 shows a jaw crusher 1, which is shown in a side view in FIG. 6 in a top view. It is clear that here on the flywheel and drive pulley 21, 55, the drive shaft 19 is driven to generate about them and the eccentric bushes 20 and the swingarm tubes 16, the corresponding oscillating movements of the crushing jaw 4. It can be seen that, viewed over the length of the jaw crusher 1, only one crushing compartment is realized, with the individual jaw pads 24 abutting tightly against one another, so that the continuous crushing compartment 3 can be realized. With 28, 29, the side walls are designated, which in the upper part, d. H. in the region of the drive shaft 19, the roller bearings 30 are assigned, which has already been explained earlier. In the middle, the bearing brackets 31, 31 'are then mentioned, which ensure the uniform and reliable support of the drive shaft 19, while the actual crushing compartment 3 has a continuously large mouth hole or an opening.

FIG. 7 shows a single oscillating crushing jaw 4, wherein it is still clear here that the jaw lining 24 is held in the respective position via a relatively simple lining fastening 25 in order to be able to replace it easily, provided that corresponding wear has occurred. While working below with a relatively short fixing screw 27, in the upper part of a longer-trained fixing screw 27 'is necessary. It can also be seen in this illustration according to Figure 7, the groove / spring connection 23 between the eccentric bushing 20 and the drive shaft 19th

FIG. 8 shows a substructure 48 on which an entire jaw crusher 1, as illustrated in FIG. 9, can be constructed. This substructure 48 consists of longitudinal members 49 and cross members 50, wherein the nozzle 47 is on skids 61st supported so that a compartment 51 forms between them, in which the discharge conveyor 52 can be arranged according to Figure 9.

The support frame 60 of the substructure 48 is not a continuous plane, but rather a gooseneck approach 53 is realized in the front region, so as to be able to arrange the drive motor 54 well to act on him the drive pulley 55.

At the gooseneck approach 53 opposite end 56, a support plate 59 is formed, can be fixed or arranged on the conveyor according to Figure 9 conveyor accessories 57, which have their own pivoting device 58 so that when pivoting the pivoting member 64, the conveyor accessories 57 automatically in an optimal position are brought, which make a pivoting of the pivoting member 64 by 90 ° possible. FIG. 9 clearly shows this. At the front and rear end support cylinder 62, 63 are provided, are supported on the discharging parts and ensures that even during operation a steady safe position of the built-up or mounted jaw crusher 1 is secured.

Figure 10 shows a Vorkopfansicht and a rear view, it being understood that the entire jaw crusher 1 can be securely placed on this substructure 48, which can be moved either on the footwall or on the ground on the skids 61 or over a Low loader o. Ä. can be loaded to transport it from one job to another. Such a jaw crusher is expediently provided with a water mist spraying (Bönschrohr) in order to keep the formation of dust within limits or to ensure safe precipitation. The water mist nozzles can be integrated in the side and the remaining walls of the housing or in the top cover, in order to achieve a uniform influence.

Claims (13)

1. A jaw crusher particularly in the shape of a double toggle jaw crusher or a single toggle jaw crusher having a plurality of crusher jaw systems (4, 5) which crusher jaw systems (4, 5) are disposed in a housing (2) having a single continuous crushing compartment (3) respectively one swinging crusher jaw (4), a crushing gap setting (6) and a common drive shaft (19) driving the swinging crusher jaw (4), the common drive shaft (19) being provided with eccentrics (18) and displacement (17) at either end and bearing brackets (31) disposed between the crusher jaw systems (4, 5),
   characterised in that
   the drive shaft (19) is embodied as a continuous even rod and the eccentrics (18) as releasable and replaceable eccentric bushes (20) which can be pushed onto the drive shaft (19) and fixed thereon and further that the displacements (17) of the drive shaft (19) exhibit roller bearings (30) assigned to the lateral walls (28, 29) of the housing (2) and bearing brackets (31) with roller bearings (32) disposed between the individual jaw crushing systems (4, 5).
2. The jaw crusher according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the replacable eccentric bushes (20) are slidable on the drive shaft (19) in the released state and are rotatably formed.
3. The jaw crusher according to any one of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the eccentric bushes are releasably connected (20) to the drive shaft (19) via a groove/spring connection (23).
4. The jaw crusher according to any one of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the eccentric bushes (20) are formed with the drive shaft (19) and the swinging crusher jaw (4) assigned to the swivelling pipe (16) such that they are releasably connected.
5. The jaw crusher according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the bearing brackets (31) are provided with pedestal bearings (33).
6. The jaw crusher according to any one of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the roller bearings (30, 32) and preferably the roller bearings (30) assigned to the lateral walls (28, 29) are equipped with a labyrinth seal (36) having annular grooves (38) oppositely disposed to the drive shaft (19) whereon O-rings (37) are fitted.
7. The jaw crusher according to any one of the previous claims,
   characterised in that
   the bearing brackets (31) are assigned to the dividing walls (39) dividing the housing (2) that are formed such as to extend in the lower third up to half the height of the lateral walls (28, 29).
8. The jaw crusher according to claim 7,
   characterised in that
   the additional dividing walls (39) are formed with a curving upper edge (40).
9. The jaw crusher according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the crusher gap setting (6) with its setting key (7) has a hydraulic setting cylinder (8).
10. The jaw crusher according to any one of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the housing (2) comprises a substructure (48) having disposed between longitudinal and lateral members (49, 50) a compartment (51) for a discharge feeder (52) and a gooseneck extension (53) for the drive motor (54).
11. The jaw crusher according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the discharge feeder (52) on the oppositely disposed end (56) of the substructure (48) with respect to the gooseneck extension (53) is formed such as to be up-swinging and preferably swinging by 90°, wherein feeder spare parts (57) are provided with an additional inherent swinging arrangement (58).
12. The jaw crusher according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    two or more swinging crusher jaws (4) driven via the common drive shaft (19) supported by intermediate bearings (31, 32, 33), are disposed in a common crushing compartment (3) wherein the crusher jaws (4) are intermittently movable by the common drive shaft (19).
13. The jaw crusher according to claim 12,
    characterised in that
    the crushing compartment (3) is disposed with the drive shaft (19) on a carrying frame (60) in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft (19) and is provided with a complete casing and/or housing (2) with a material guide for the crushing product feed.

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