EP1345715B1 - Forging press comprising an adjusting device on the matrix side thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A forging press in which adjustment of the tool positions relative to each other can be quickly and easily carried out, in spite of involving a low level of structural complication and expenditure, in particular by virtue of good accessibility, and especially with a low degree of susceptibility to trouble, with a support side which is stationary in the shaping procedure and which includes a die, an impact side which includes a carriage with a punch, the carriage being movable in the longitudinal direction in the shaping procedure, and a first setting device for setting the closing height spacing, wherein the first setting device is arranged on the support side of the forging press.

Description

I. Field of application

The invention relates to improvements in the adjustment of tools Schmeidepressen.

II. Technical background

A workpiece is used in forging presses, especially horizontal transfer presses brought to the desired shape by reshaping it between a fixed die and a movable punch so strongly pressed is that the desired transformation takes place.

As a rule, the stamp is not pushed to the stop when the machine is in operation moved towards the die, but only up to a so-called closing height distance, which of course is decisive for the deformation result.

Due to fluctuations in the dimensions of the raw part, thermal expansion the machine due to continuous operation etc. The closing height distance can be adjusted, i.e. adjusted subsequently.

Since the closing height distance in the longitudinal direction, i.e. in the direction of Press stroke, measured distance, this has previously been solved in that on the side of the movable die, i.e. the impact side of the machine, an adjusting device is provided which has an adjusting cell in the wedge direction, transverse to Longitudinal direction, more or less between the stamp and the rest of the Pushes in the carriage carrying the stamp.

The same stroke of the carriage drive is thereby on the side of the stamp has not changed in terms of lifting height, but in terms of Longitudinal position in the two reversal points, and thus also the closing height distance compared to the fixed die.

Such a solution is described for example in DE 197 22 229 A1, wherein there the actuator is motor-driven.

The disadvantage, however, is that the entire adjusting device in the moving part of the Machine, the impact side, and not in the stationary support side, due to the high acceleration forces (approx. 300 strokes per minute) is disadvantageous and also has the disadvantage that to repair not only stopped the machine, but also U. also the complete sled must be expanded, which causes high production losses.

The patent US 4,170,051 describes an adjustment device for one hydraulic or mechanical punch, with the adjusting device for the closing height distance is on the support side.

An actuator located on the support side using a Keils is also described in US 4,137,748 for the case of a forging press.

III. Presentation of the invention a) Technical task

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a forging press create, in which the adjustment of the tool positions to each other quickly and is easy to carry out in spite of the low construction effort, in particular due to good accessibility and especially with a low susceptibility to faults.

b) solving the problem

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. advantageous Embodiments result from the subclaims.

The fact that the actuator is not in the impact side, but in the Support side of the machine is housed, it is considerably smaller Exposed to loads during the operation of the machine, and must are therefore less frequently serviced or replaced.

This solution is particularly suitable for horizontal transfer presses, which means the longitudinal direction of the machine, the lifting direction, is arranged horizontally, and which are integrated in a transfer line, so that the workpieces cross to Longitudinal direction of the individual machine from one processing station to next are transported by means of a transfer device.

In particular, the transport from one forging position to the next, if necessary within the same machine but in a different tool be carried out when the machine has multiple tools, i.e. dies and Stamp, embraced side by side.

The solution is also particularly suitable for forging presses that do not with continuous material, e.g. B. wire material, but the raw parts individually inserted into the machine, i.e. into the die, before each forming process be what is usually also automatically by means of a transfer facility happens.

By means of the adjusting device, the position of the front, the stamp facing, end face, the so-called stop surface, in the longitudinal direction determined by the die block in which the die is fixed and which one indirectly supported against the base of the machine, more of this or less spaced. The spacing is preferably changed by inserting a wedge more or less in the wedge direction and across to the longitudinal direction, the stroke direction, this wedge preferably on a analogous opposite, equally steep counter surface of a counter wedge supported.

To operate the machine, the die block and die are in the longitudinal direction already tight against the wedge and thus against the body biased as free of play as possible.

To move the wedge, this pretension, which is usually via a lever mechanism and a hydraulic cylinder is realized, at least in part be lifted in order not to let the displacement force become too high.

The adjustment is preferably carried out by means of a motor in the direction of adjustment Wedge-running threaded spindle, which is preferred - especially with horizontal transfer presses - Attacks from the bottom while the workpiece feed done from the top.

To avoid automatic adjustment, the threaded spindle runs u. a. through a hydraulically clampable nut that works during the forging process the machine is left in the clamped state around the threaded spindle to fix.

At first glance, it is disadvantageous with such an arrangement of the first Adjustment device on the support side, namely behind the die, is the fact that by changing the longitudinal position of the front stop surface of the Also the distance between this front stop surface and the die rear stop for the workpiece, which by a in the body of the Machine-adjusted part is provided and protrudes from behind into the die, is changed.

This change also causes a change in the workpiece to be manufactured the shaft length L1 which has not been changed by reshaping, for example if the round material is cut to length by inserting it into the die and Protruding over their front stop surface by means of the stamp of Screw head should be formed on the blank, because then the distance between the front stop surface and the rear stop the Shaft length of the later screw, on which the thread is then is rolled up or pressed, is changed.

This disadvantage can be avoided by including the rear stop compared to the base body is not only adjustable, which leads to the change from one workpiece to the other is necessary anyway, but the second one Actuating device is coupled to the first actuating device such that at Adjustment of the closing height distance by means of the first adjusting device second adjusting device is automatically adjusted analog so that the Shaft length, i.e. the distance between the front stop surface and the rear Stop, remains unchanged.

Of course, it is also possible to simply target the two adjusting devices to be adjusted separately, in particular the second adjusting device.

As a rule, the second adjusting device also comprises a threaded spindle for the adjustment, which is also in the body, but this time in the longitudinal direction, is screwable.

A coupling of the two adjusting devices is possible, for example, by that both threaded spindles each have an electric motor, for example one Servomotor, driven and by means of a common or two individual, functionally linked controls can be controlled can.

Of course, there is also a purely mechanical coupling of the two adjusting devices, in particular their threaded spindles, possible by the same motor or a manual drive, both threaded spindles in the right relation adjusted to each other. In this case too, a decoupling option must be available in In the form of a coupling to one of the two actuators, especially the second adjusting device, to be able to adjust separately.

Another problem is the transfer device, which is usually the Workpiece using grippers immediately in front of the front end of the front Grip surface of the die grips and to the next processing station transported. By changing this front stop surface could their relative position (distance s) to the transfer device can also be changed.

This problem can be avoided that the transfer device on the Base body is mounted, however, either adjustable and by means of a Setting device, in particular directly by means of the second setting device Relocation of the stop, is relocated or fixed, with a sufficiently large Distance s.

The clamping device for clamping and releasing the die block can also with another tensioning device for tensioning and releasing the transfer device be equipped with the base body or tension or loosen this in addition to the die block.

c) working examples

Fig. 1:

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Lösung des Standes der Technik, mit Blick quer zur Hubrichtung der Maschine;

Fig. 2a, 2b:

in gleicher Blickrichtung eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung;

Fig. 3:

ein beispielhaftes Werkstück in der Seitenansicht;

Fig. 4a und Fig. 4b:

die Transfereinrichtung betrachtet in Hubrichtung der Maschine und

Fig. 5

die Transfereinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 betrachtet quer zur Hubrichtung.

An embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a schematic diagram of a solution of the prior art, with a view transversely to the stroke direction of the machine;

2a, 2b:

an inventive solution in the same direction;

Fig. 3:

an exemplary workpiece in side view;

4a and 4b:

the transfer device viewed in the stroke direction of the machine and

Fig. 5

4 viewed transversely to the stroke direction.

Fig. 1 shows a forging press according to the prior art, in which a workpiece 7 between a die 2 and a movable punch 1 is formed by pressing.

The die 2 is in the fixed part of the machine, the support side 100, added. The stamp 1, however, is part of the in the stroke direction Press, the longitudinal direction 10, movably driven carriage 3 on the Impact page 101 of the machine.

The carriage 3 is in the longitudinal direction 10 - as in the left part of FIG. 1 shown - oscillatingly driven by a lever mechanism, it being for the design of the workpiece, in this case a screw head, above all depends on the flow height distance h, i.e. what distance the punch 1 in Reversal point of its movement in the longitudinal direction 10 of the die 2, that is, the die front stop surface 2a, occupies.

For this purpose, a wedge 6 was made transversely to the longitudinal direction in this known solution 10 inserted between the stamp 1 and the body of the slide, with other components that are unchangeable in length, between the wedge 6 and the stamp 1 can be arranged.

With always the same stroke of the drive mechanism of the carriage 3, the Closing height distance h and thus in this case the head height h1 of to be manufactured screw head can be varied in that the wedge 6 more or less is inserted and fixed in the transverse direction, which is achieved by means of the also happens in the direction of insertion adjusting bolt 4.

In this solution, the adjusting device 5 comprising the wedge 6 is located on the Carriage 3, that is the part of the forging press that oscillates at high frequency, which is particularly important in the case of a motorized actuating device, that is to say a motorized one Drive for the wedge 6, this drive is exposed to high loads.

2a and 2b therefore show an inventive solution of a forging press in the same view, the impact side 101 in FIG. 2a and in Fig. 2b primarily shows the support side 100 of the forging press, between which should be the workpiece shown separately in FIG. 3. This The workpiece is a screw blank with a head, the shank length of which should be L1 and its head height in the same direction, namely in the longitudinal direction of the Screw and also the machine, should be a1.

The support side 100 of the machine according to FIG. 2a differs from that known solution according to FIG. 1 only in that the carriage 3 no Actuator for changing the longitudinal position of the stamp 1 opposite the carriage 3 includes more, but the stamp 1 directly in one Stamp block is recorded and fixed, which is moved with the carriage 3.

2b shows the support side 100 of the forging press separately, with an inserted one and already formed workpiece 7, that is after the forming. It is Workpiece 7 with its shank in a corresponding bore in the die 2 added. The rear free end of the shaft is supported a drive pin 21 from the rear into the bore of the die 2 protrudes to a predetermined position, and thereby a stop 28 for forms the rear end of the workpiece 7.

The front free end of the blank is shown by the not visible in Fig. 2b Stamp 1, ie from the left according to FIG. 2a, acted upon and deformed in the process, that widening of the head of the blank occurs and against the front End face, the stop surface 2a of the die 2 is pressed.

The die 2 is received in a die block 15, which is on the back is closed by a screwed block cover 15a, which is also has a through opening aligned with the bore of the die 2. The Entire die block 15 including the block cover 15a is supported indirectly compared to the underlying body 9 from, namely via a Support plate 16, which in contrast to the base body 9 thus as a wearing part is interchangeable. Between the support plate 16 and the die block 15 is the Setting device 5 for the adjustment of the longitudinal position of the die 2, that is to say the die front stop surface 2a opposite the base body 9, arranged.

This adjusting device 5 consists of a wedge 6, the wedge shape in the insertion direction runs, which is transverse to the longitudinal direction 10 and thus the stroke direction of the Machine lies, so that by the transverse position of the wedge 6 due to the Wedge effect the longitudinal position of the component supported on the wedge, u. a. the die 2 and thus also its front stop surface 2a is determined.

The wedge 6 is in turn supported with its obliquely to the radial plane Wedge surface on an analog, oppositely positioned, firmly positioned counter wedge 19 from which is supported with its back on the support plate 16. Wedge 6, counter wedge 19 and support plate 16 are - just like the base body 9 - in alignment with one Through hole penetrates to feed the push pin 21, which is not only represents the stop for the workpiece during forming, but then also to eject the workpiece.

The wedge 6 is adjusted via a threaded spindle 33, which is guided by a Threaded hole in the base body 9 is screwed through and with her head is rotatable in the wedge 6, but axially fixed, and is therefore in Can shift direction.

The rear end of the threaded spindle 33 protrudes from the base body 9 below and is connected to the threaded spindle 33 in a rotationally fixed manner Gear 30 from a servo motor 11 via a plurality arranged therebetween Gears driven. A further gear meshes with the gear 30 32, whose axis of rotation is parallel to that of the threaded spindle 33 and whose axial extent is as large as the adjustment range of the threaded spindle 33, so that the gear 30 always with this gear despite longitudinal screwing 32 combs.

Due to the arrangement of bevel gears in the drive train, the engine is seated in the right Angle to the threaded spindle 33 and therefore not far below the lower end of the Base body 9 so that its height is not increased unnecessarily.

With the servo motor 11, a position sensor 12 is connected, which is constantly or in the axial position at regular intervals or only on request the threaded spindle 33 determines based on a known starting position and counting the rotations or angular changes that have now occurred of the servo motor 11.

To support the workpiece 7 during the forging process, but therefore to eject the workpiece 7 thereafter, the ejection pin 21 is used by the back into the corresponding through hole of the die 2 is introduced, which is usually the diameter of the other side corresponds to the workpiece to be inserted into the die.

The push pin 21 must, in particular, in its retracted position which has its front end as a stop 28 for the to be inserted Workpiece 7 is used, can be adjusted precisely. This position is in Fig. 2b shown. In contrast, to the left in a not shown in Fig. 2 shifted position of the pressure pin 21, this can be moved as far forward be that its front end the front stop surface 2 of the die reached or nearly reached.

For this purpose, the pressure pin 21 is at its rear end with a cylindrical widened head 31 equipped in a corresponding pin bushing 23 is guided in the longitudinal direction 10, which also the Block cover penetrates 15a. Presses on the head 31 from the rear Machine pin 22, which is also with its front end inside the Pin bushing 23 is guided, and in the rear area with a shoulder is supported at the front end of a threaded bushing 8. In the Operating position of the forging press, i.e. in the retracted position from Expressing pin 21 and also the machine pin 22 is located with it rear shoulder 22a on the threaded bushing 8. To eject the Workpiece 7 are both by means of an ejector, which is inside the Threaded bushing 8 is guided and the machine pin 22 in from the rear Applied in the longitudinal direction, pushed forward in the longitudinal direction.

The threaded bushing 8 is in a corresponding manner by means of its external thread Internal thread of the base body 9 screwed in the longitudinal direction. The screwable threaded bushing 8, via which the stop position of the Pressure pin 21 is set, are part of the second actuator 5 '. The threaded bushing 8 is in turn driven - as in the first Adjustment device 5 for adjusting the position of the wedge 6 - via gears and a servo motor 13 and an associated position sensor 14, which behind the rear end of the base body 9 are arranged. Since a redirection of the Drive train by 90 ° is not necessary, there are none in the drive train Bevel gears installed.

The die block 15 including its block cover 15a is over a Clamping device 29 for forging in the longitudinal direction and against the on the base body 9 supported wedge 6 pressed and transverse to it corresponding stop surfaces of the base body 9, so that an always defined Position of the die 2 is given in forging. For this purpose pulls a hydraulic piston 18 on a lever on which another lever 17 is eccentric is attached, which on the one hand about an axis 24 of the die block 15 and on the other hand is rotatably mounted about a bolt 26 of the first lever and the the first lever is additionally around a block bolt 27 of the die block 15 pivotally attached. All swivel axes run transversely to the longitudinal direction 10 and are aligned parallel to each other. By means of the clamping device 29 Matrix block 15 as described above against the base body 9 or the wedge 6 cocked, and only for adjusting the wedge 6, this clamping device solved.

Fig. 5 shows - in the direction of view analogous to Fig. 1 or 2 - a transfer device 42, which is not above the base body and above that in FIG. 5 workpiece 7 shown is arranged. 5, the ejection pin 21 is in its advanced position, the ejection position.

The transfer device is used by means of two on the transfer device 42 pivotably arranged grippers 40, 41, which together form a pair of pliers, to grasp the workpiece and remove it, for example to a next, next to it, processing station, and / or a new one Insert blank.

For this purpose, the transfer device 42 is above the base body 9 in Movable in the transverse direction and preferably comprises - as the illustration in FIG. 4a shows with open grippers looking in the longitudinal direction - at least two or also more pairs of grabs to perform unloading and loading at the same time to be able to.

As Fig. 4b shows, the grippers 40, 41 are so long that they have their free ends can hold the workpiece 7 between them, pivot in the open state the grippers 40, 41 around their above the workpiece, in particular above the Base body 9, arranged pivot axes so far that the free Ends of the grippers 40, 41 do not have the highest point, namely one in Tangent 20 ′ running horizontally in the transverse direction, reach down to the die 2.

This makes it possible to transfer device 42 when grippers 40, 41 are open to move transversely without the grippers 40, 41 getting caught on the die 2 or on the stamp 1 still approximated to the die 2.

In the longitudinal direction, the grippers 40, 41 - as can best be seen in FIG. 5 - immediately in front of the front end of the die 2, that is, in front of its front Stop surface 2a, positioned.

The distance s between the front end surface 2a of the die 2 and the The grippers must be set so that when the die 2 is adjusted there is no collision with the grippers by means of the wedge.

One possibility is that the second adjusting device 5 'not only the Ejection pin 21, but also the transfer device 42 in the longitudinal direction shifts.

Another possibility is that for the transfer device 42 a third actuating device, not shown, analogous to the second actuating device 5 ' and acting in the same direction.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

controller

2

die

2a

front stop surface

3

carriage

4

bolt

5, 5 '

locking device

6

wedge

7

workpiece

8th

(Threaded) bushing

9

body

10

longitudinal direction

11

servomotor

12

locator

13

servomotor

14

locator

15

die block

15a

block cover

16

support plate

17

lever

18

hydraulic cylinders

19

counter wedge

20

transversely

21

Ausdrückschrift

22

machine pen

23

pin jack

24

axis

25

lever

26

bolt

27

block bolt

28

reduction

29

jig

30

gear

31

head

32

gear

33

screw

34

hydraulic nut

40

grab

41

grab

42

transfer device

L1

shaft length

h1

head height

H

Shut height distance

Claims (12)

1. A forging press comprising

   a support side (100) which is stationary in the shaping procedure and which includes a die (2),

   an impact side (101) which includes a carriage (3) with a punch (1), the carriage being movable in the longitudinal direction (10) in the shaping procedure, and

   a first setting device (5) for setting the closing height spacing (h),

   an abutment for the rearward end of the workpiece (7), and

   a second setting device (5') for adjustment of the longitudinal position of the abutment (28) with respect to the front abutment surface (2a) of the die (2), wherein

   the first setting device (5) is arranged on the support side (100) of the forging press,

      characterized in that
      the coupling of the first and second setting devices (5, 5') is such that a change in the closing height spacing (h) by means of the first setting device (5) automatically causes consequential adjustment of the abutment (28) by means of the second setting device (5') so that the spacing between the front abutment surface (2a) of the die (2) and the abutment (28) remains unchanged.
2. A forging press according to claim 1 characterized in that the first setting device (5) is arranged between the rear side of the die (2), which is remote from the impact side (101), and the main body (9) of the forging press.
3. A forging press according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the support device includes at least one wedge (6) which is displaceable transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction (10) and which is wedge-shaped in that direction of view and which in particular is displaceable on a co-operating counterpart wedge portion (19) which is similarly oppositely wedge-shaped in the same direction of view and which is stationary with respect to the main body (9).
4. A forging press according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that both setting devices (5, 5') are driven by motor means, in particular by means of an electro servo motor (11, 13) which each include a respective position sensor (12, 14), and preferably both motors are actuated by a common control device.
5. A forging press according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that both setting devices (5, 5') are respectively adjusted by way of a screwthreaded spindle extending in the setting direction.
6. A forging press according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that support side (100) of the forging press includes a clamping device (29) for fixedly clamping the entire die block (15) carrying the die (2) against the front side of the wedge (6) and thus against the main body (9).
7. A forging press according to claim 6, characterized in that the clamping device (29) is coupled to the first setting device (5) so that prior to displacement of the first setting device (5) the clamping device (29) is released.
8. A forging press according to claim 5, characterized in that the screwthreaded spindle (33) of the first setting device (5) runs in a hydraulically clampable nut (34) which is clamped during operation of the forging press in order to prevent the setting device (5) being adjusted of its own accord.
9. A forging press according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the forging press includes a transfer device (42) with grippers (40, 41) for gripping the workpiece (7) and transporting it to and away from the press in the transverse direction (20) with respect to the longitudinal direction (10).
10. A forging press according to claim 9, characterized in that in the opened condition the grippers (40, 41) are outside the parts of the forging press which are in the pressing position and in particular they are outside the punch (1) which is in the pressing position.
11. A forging press according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that in the opened position the grippers (40, 41) of the transfer device (42) are disposed completely radially outside the tangent (20') which extends in the direction of displacement of the transfer device (42) and which is applied to the periphery of the punch (1) and they are disposed in the longitudinal direction (10) immediately in front of the front abutment surface (2a') of the die (2).
12. A forging press according to claim 11, characterized in that the transfer device (42) with the grippers (40, 41) is displaceable exclusively in the direction of the tangent (20') but not transversely with respect thereto towards and away from the longitudinal axis.

Images