EP1178744A2 - Sports shoe, especially for downhill skiing, ski-touring, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, roller-skating or ice-skating - Google Patents

Sports shoe, especially for downhill skiing, ski-touring, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, roller-skating or ice-skating

Info

Publication number
EP1178744A2
EP1178744A2 EP00922407A EP00922407A EP1178744A2 EP 1178744 A2 EP1178744 A2 EP 1178744A2 EP 00922407 A EP00922407 A EP 00922407A EP 00922407 A EP00922407 A EP 00922407A EP 1178744 A2 EP1178744 A2 EP 1178744A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liner
shoe according
shoe
leg
chassis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00922407A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1178744B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-François Couturier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1178744A2 publication Critical patent/EP1178744A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1178744B1 publication Critical patent/EP1178744B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0468Adjustment of the angle of the boot to the ski
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0411Ski or like boots for cross-country
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0482Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details made from materials with different rigidities
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0486Ski or like boots characterized by the material
    • A43B5/049Ski or like boots characterized by the material with an upper made of composite material, e.g. fibers or core embedded in a matrix
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0496Ski or like boots boots for touring or hiking skis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16Skating boots
    • A43B5/1625Skating boots made from materials with different rigidities
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16Skating boots
    • A43B5/1666Skating boots characterised by the upper
    • A43B5/1691Skating boots characterised by the upper characterised by the higher part of the upper, e.g. surrounding the ankle, by the quarter or cuff
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/002Strap closures or latches; Leashes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C2203/00Special features of skates, skis, roller-skates, snowboards and courts
    • A63C2203/50Skis, skates or boards with shoe-like cradles comprising additional leg support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sports shoe, in particular for alpine skiing, hiking, cross-country, snowboarding, roller skating or ice skating, comprising a rigid frame disposed below the ankle of the user and defining at least one housing in which is placed a liner receiving the foot of the user and cooperating with this chassis, at least one link arm between the chassis and a leg of the user, and at least one casing designed to link closes the user's leg to the link arm.
  • a ski boot comprising a rigid boot attached to the ski and surrounding the foot, a lever attached to the boot and practically extending up to knee level, a stirrup fixed to the lever and intended to prevent lateral movement of the leg relative to the lever, and a strap which prevents longitudinal movement of the leg relative to the lever.
  • the rigid boot stops under the ankle and therefore does not seem to block its movement. In reality, when the boot is held in a ski binding, the foot is locked in the boot and the ankle joint is blocked. The connection between the leg and the ankle is materialized by the lever which transmits the forces to the skis so as to allow the user to steer them.
  • this shoe is to avoid a certain number of problems associated with shoes with rigid shells, in particular those related to the compression of the foot in the shoe (bursites, painful states of the malleoli, ). Unfortunately, this system does not allow the use of muscle and joint locking of the entire leg. Thus, a number of problems persist and others appear.
  • connection between the leg and the ski is made just below the knee. This implies a risk of displacement "in drawer” of the knee. This "drawer” effect is very frequent in subjects suffering from laxity or ligamentous lesions of the knee. This can also cause inflammation of the ligaments in the knee and compression of the posterior glands and bundles. This connection creates compression and crushing of the posterior tibial artery, limiting irrigation of the lower leg.
  • This flange is also directly supported on the fibula. It blocks the movement of the latter which, during each movement of the leg, is normally displaced, both in rotation and in translation. Blocking the movement of the fibula creates pain and removes the natural joint and muscle locking of the leg.
  • Another problem linked to the use of a bridle is that of the transmission of the movements of the leg to the ski. If the strap is loose, this transmission is bad and the skis are difficult or impossible to steer. For the transmission to take place reliably, the leg must not be able to move at all in the strap. This implies that the strap must be very tight. It can result in pain of the same type as that which appears with the use of rigid shoes.
  • French patent application FR-A-2 758 093 describes a roller skate formed by a conventional shoe, a sole integral with wheels, a platform on which the shoe rests, and a rigid arm binding the sole to the user's leg.
  • the rigid arm holds the leg by means of a ring. This arm is movable forwards and backwards, but not laterally.
  • German publication DE 27 18 939 describes a ski boot which can be used with a conventional boot.
  • This shoe has a shell in which the boot is immobilized by means of air cushions.
  • the object of this invention is to keep the foot firmly in the shell, while avoiding stress zones. Maintaining the foot prevents natural movement of the leg.
  • application FR-A-2 745 988 describes a sports shoe comprising a rigid sole, a low upper stopping below the ankle and a guide element allowing rotation of the tibia forwards, while preventing lateral movement.
  • leg movements involve a coordinated movement of the ankle, knee and hip. Prohibiting movement of one of the joints, even in one direction, destroys coordination of movement and prevents the leg from performing physiological displacement.
  • the prior art sports shoes all have the objective of holding the foot firmly, either in a rigid shell, or by straps at the instep, or by airbags, and as a characteristic of preventing moving the ankle at least in one direction.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of shoes of the prior art by providing a shoe allowing physiological movements of the leg in general and of the ankle and knee in particular, in particular by allowing movement of the sole of the foot by compared to the support constituted by the ski or the roller skate.
  • the rotation of the whole leg can be separated into a rotation of the knee, a rotation of the ankle and a rotation of the hip.
  • the knee rotation is controlled by two groups of muscles.
  • the first group consists of external rotator muscles which, when activated, cause the tibial plateau to rotate so as to direct the tip of the foot outwards.
  • the second group consists of internal rotator muscles which tend to point the toes inward.
  • the group of internal rotators is slightly more powerful than the group of external rotators.
  • the knee flexion causes an inward rotation of the tibia as well as a displacement of the fibula in rotation and in translation around its longitudinal axis.
  • the ankle can be rotated around three axes.
  • the rotational movement of the ankle around the transverse horizontal axis (X) is called “extension” when the ball of the foot descends, and “flexion” otherwise.
  • the rotational movement around the vertical axis (Y) is called “adduction” when the tip of the foot is carried inside, towards the plane of symmetry of the body, and “abduction” when the tip of the foot moves away from this plane of symmetry.
  • the movement around the horizontal axis longitudinal (Z) is called “supination” when the sole of the foot is oriented inward and “pronation” when it is oriented outward.
  • abduction is necessarily accompanied by pronation and flexion.
  • the position reached is called the eversion position. If the flexion is canceled by an equivalent extension of the ankle, we obtain the attitude in valgus.
  • the eversion position is obtained essentially under the action of two muscles: the short lateral peroneal and the long lateral peroneal. These are inserted at the sole of the foot on the front half, respectively on the outer edge and on the inner edge of the foot.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of sports shoes of the prior art and to allow natural movement of the entire leg by allowing synergistic chain work of the leg joints, as described below. above.
  • Another object of the invention is to increase the proprioception of the user. This object is achieved by the fact that the lower limb is free, therefore sensitive.
  • the means for allowing movement of the liner around a longitudinal axis may include at least one longitudinal protuberance disposed between the liner and the frame, under the liner.
  • the longitudinal protuberance may be integral with the liner or the chassis.
  • the means for allowing movement of the liner around a longitudinal axis comprise two longitudinal protrusions formed by a platform linked to the liner by means of a semi-rigid plane rib aligned with said axis longitudinal.
  • the longitudinal protuberance disposed between the liner and the chassis defines spaces on either side of this protuberance, these spaces advantageously being filled with a flexible material.
  • the chassis advantageously includes means for allowing vertical movement of the rear of the liner relative to the chassis.
  • These means may include a shoulder disposed on the liner and a stop formed in the chassis.
  • the shoe according to the invention comprises a posterior casing arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's calf, and an anterior casing arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's tibial plateau, at least one of the casings being linked to the link arm.
  • the front casing may include a knee support element, arranged to be in contact with the user's knee.
  • the casing fixed to the link arm is movable in rotation over a given angular range around said link arm and comprises means for adjusting the volume comprised between the rear case and the front case and means for adjusting the height of the front case and / or the rear housing.
  • one of the link arms has one end disposed near the end of the peroneal muscles.
  • One of the link arms may also have an end disposed near the heel.
  • the shoe has two link arms.
  • one of the link arms is disposed towards the rear of the liner.
  • the two connecting arms are arranged on the sides of the liner.
  • the link arm is disposed between the liner and the chassis.
  • the link arm can also be formed from at least two superimposed blades.
  • the liner is removable in the chassis.
  • the booties are preferably placed in the frames in such a way that, when the skis are parallel, the edge of a bootie, disposed towards the plane of symmetry of the user's body, forms an open angle forward with the corresponding edge of the other slipper.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate two different embodiments of shoes according to the invention, applied to the case of skiing;
  • FIG. 3 is a back view of the shoe of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a variant of a sports shoe according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the shoe of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of the shoe
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of a variant shoe according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C are front views of shoe parts, in three different positions;
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the distribution of forces on a ski using a shoe according to the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a sectional side view of a part of the shoe according to the invention.
  • Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 14, of another embodiment of the shoe.
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a variant shoe according to the invention.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a particular embodiment of an element of a shoe according to the invention
  • Figure 18 shows a part of a shoe comprising the element of Figure 17;
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a particular embodiment of a shoe according to the invention.
  • FIG. 20 illustrates a roller skate according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 18 the sports boot according to the present invention is illustrated in the embodiment of an alpine ski boot, although it could be used for other sports such as including ski touring, cross country skiing, snowboarding.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates a roller skate shoe, but the shoe can also be adapted to ice skating.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a boot 10 essentially comprising a chassis 11, a boot 12, a connecting arm 13, and two holding housings 14, 15.
  • the chassis 11 is a rigid part comprising a base 16 provided with two shoulders 17, 17 'arranged so as to allow the chassis to be held in a conventional ski binding (not shown). It further comprises a front housing 18 intended to firmly hold the liner in the chassis. Finally, it includes a rear housing 19 intended to hold the rear of the liner 12 in the chassis.
  • Maintaining the liner in the chassis has a certain play which allows the liner to move slightly in the chassis. This is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 8 to 13.
  • the chassis is arranged below the pin so that in no case are the movements of the pin hampered by the chassis.
  • the liner 12 is a flexible liner such as a basketball or a tennis shoe, which does not lock the ankle joint.
  • This liner can be chosen in such a way that it offers special comfort.
  • the bootie can be up and stop above the level of the ankle, but in this case it must be flexible enough not to impede the movements of the ankle.
  • the shoe also includes a rear link arm 13.
  • This has a substantially horizontal part 20 inserted in the chassis 11, and a substantially vertical part 21, extending roughly parallel to the lower part of the skier's leg.
  • the horizontal part 20 of the connecting arm 13 stops substantially under the front end of the two lateral peronaries. This appreciably improves the proprioception of the skier, because the sensitive areas of the foot are close to one of the elements which allows the ski to be guided. Other realizations could however be envisaged.
  • the rear linkage arm 13 is associated with the rear casing 14 which follows the shape of the skier's calf.
  • This housing is held by the link arm and its precise positioning can be adjusted in a conventional manner.
  • This casing can be filled with an anatomical foam or a filling foam allowing everyone to adjust these casings to the shape and volume of the legs.
  • This casing cooperates with the link arm 13, in particular in rotation, during flexions of this arm. This allows the housing to remain stationary relative to the leg and to avoid friction on the leg.
  • the posterior link arm 13 can consist of a single rod 22, a double or even triple rod, as illustrated for example by FIG. 3.
  • the material constituting the link arm 13 is chosen so that it has a certain predefined elasticity, in flexion and rotation.
  • This material can for example be a metal, a synthetic material, a composite material such as carbon or polyamide carbon, and possibly comprise additions of fibers or particles making it possible to adapt the elasticity modules in bending and in rotation.
  • the shape of the arms is also chosen so as to allow forward bending, while limiting rearward bending, without completely preventing it.
  • rotation of the knee causes rotation of the lower leg.
  • the elasticity in rotation of the connecting arm 13 allows this rotation on the one hand and on the other hand transmits forces generated by the skier on the ski so as to direct them.
  • the elasticity in bending of the connecting arm 13 limits the movement of the arm towards the rear of the ski.
  • the elasticity of the arm implies that a force is exerted on the front of the ski. This allows very good control of the direction of the ski.
  • the elastic link arm releases the stored energy and facilitates the recovery of the initial position.
  • the elasticity of the bending arm also makes it possible to eliminate unnecessary pressure from the ski on the ground when passing bumps.
  • the simultaneous deformations of the ski and of the boot are proportional, hence the advantage for the beginner or average skier who no longer suffers from bumps and bumps.
  • the competitive skier will see his performances increased thanks to the absence of overpressures under the skis thus facilitating the gliding with a better distribution of the deformations of the ski and the boot simultaneously on the variations of reliefs.
  • the shoe 10 also includes an anterior casing 15 adapted to the morphology of the user's leg.
  • This casing is associated with a support element 23 of the knee which partially surrounds the lower part of the knee.
  • the support element 23 can pivot relative to the front casing 15, so as to support the knee without causing discomfort.
  • the front casing partially surrounds the leg and has two lateral zones 24 which protect the lower lateral part of the knee.
  • the posterior casings 14 and anterior 15 are connected together by means of a rigid or elastic strap 25 or a Velcro® strip for example.
  • This link can be very flexible.
  • the casings cover the leg over a large area.
  • the judicious arrangement of the supports, in particular on the tibial edge and the upper and lateral part of the tibia as well as on the internal and external faces of the base of the knee allows precise support. It is therefore not necessary for the connection to be tight in order to be able to transmit to the ski, the movements which make it possible to direct them, and thereby avoiding any permanent compression of the leg tissues.
  • the movement of the leg bones and in particular of the fibula is not hindered.
  • the shoe 10 essentially comprises the same elements as that illustrated by FIG. 1. These common elements have the same reference numbers.
  • the shoe comprises a frame 11 ′ having no housings as in the previous case.
  • the liner is held on the base 16 of the chassis by means of a fixing screw 26 screwed under the sole of the liner.
  • the shoe further comprises an anterior link arm 27 associated with an anterior casing 15. More specifically, the anterior link arm 27 plays also the role of front casing 15. These two functions are in fact provided by the same part.
  • the position of the front link arm 27 is also adjustable so as to best adapt to the shape and morphology of the user.
  • This front arm 27 has a lower zone which is separated into two tongues 28 arranged on either side of the foot. These tabs are pivotally attached to the rear linkage arm.
  • the rear 14 and front 15 casings are interconnected by means of a rigid or elastic strap 25 or a Velcro® strip for example.
  • the position of the rear casing is adjusted by means of oblong holes 29, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • the shoe 10 includes a rear linkage arm 30 and a front linkage arm 31.
  • the rear linkage arm 30 is directly linked to the frame 11 without being linked to the linkage arm anterior 31.
  • the end of this posterior arm 30 stops under the heel.
  • the front arm separates into two tabs 32 which each penetrate one side of the frame and which terminate under the front of the lateral peronaries.
  • the three sensitive zones of the sole of the foot namely the heel and the ends of the two peroneums, are close to the end zones of the connecting arms. This allows a particularly effective proprioception.
  • the rear linkage arm 30 is formed of two blades 30a, 30b, which allows a particularly good distribution of the torsional and bending forces.
  • the front link arm 31 has an adjustment zone 33 which allows precise positioning of the front case 15. Its position and shape are chosen so that they best adjust to the morphology of the user. .
  • the front and rear casings are linked by a strap 25.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two variants in which the link arms are side arms, that is to say that they are connected to the frame 11 'by the sides thereof. In addition, these arms extend over the sides of the user's foot and lower leg.
  • the two side arms 40, 41 meet on the front of the tibia and are connected at this level.
  • the connection zone 42 of the two arms supports an anterior casing 43 similar to the anterior casings of the previous embodiments.
  • This front casing is connected by means of straps 25 to a rear casing 44.
  • the connection between the lateral arms 40, 41 and the frame 11 ′ is carried out by means of removable pins 45.
  • the user's leg is linked to the link arms 40, 41 and to the casings.
  • the liner is held only on the front of the chassis, for example by means of a screw or any suitable fastening device.
  • the back of the slipper is not at all maintained, which allows walking. When this shoe is used to descend in skiing, the pins 45 are repositioned so as to ensure the connection of the liner and the link arms with the chassis.
  • the two lateral connecting arms 50, 51 do not meet and are arranged on the sides of the leg.
  • Each of the arms supports one side of the front casing 43.
  • the link arms are not symmetrical. These two arms have slightly different functions and their shape is adapted to these functions.
  • the internal lateral link arm 41, 51 is intended to allow support to be taken when the ski is being driven. It also serves to transmit the flexion and rotation of the user's leg to the ski, so as to allow it to be driven. When cornering, it works mainly in compression. Therefore, it must be relatively rigid.
  • the external lateral link arm 40, 50 is essentially intended to limit bending. It works mainly in traction and can be relatively flexible and floating.
  • the internal lateral arm could be compared to the tibia, while the external lateral arm could be compared to the fibula.
  • Figures 8 to 11 illustrate in detail the possible lateral movements of the liner in the chassis.
  • the liner and / or the chassis comprise means 60 ′ to allow movement, around a longitudinal axis of the foot, of the liner relative to the chassis, these means being formed by a device 60 for setting valgus / varus of the foot.
  • the chassis 11 has a substantially flat sole 61.
  • the liner 12 on the other hand has a slightly curved sole 62. It in fact comprises two inclined planes 63, 64 arranged on either side of a protuberance 65 along the longitudinal axis of the foot. The protuberance and the two inclined planes define two spaces 66, 67 between the sole of the chassis that of the liner.
  • the longitudinal protuberance 65 acts as a hinge and allows rocking movements around a longitudinal axis. It can consist of a torsion bar, a deformable blade, one or more elastic elements such as Silentblocs ® or any other flexible connection system.
  • the spaces 66, 67 under each of the inclined planes are substantially identical. This position of the foot corresponds to a neutral position of the skier.
  • FIG. 8B the internal part of the foam is crushed.
  • the foot is in the varus position.
  • the liner rests on the inclined plane 63 disposed towards the plane of symmetry of the skier.
  • Figure 8C the outer part of the foam is crushed.
  • the foot is in the valgus position.
  • the liner rests on the inclined plane 64 disposed opposite the plane of symmetry of the skier.
  • the sole 70 of the liner 12 is flat, while the sole 71 of the chassis 11 is slightly curved and has a longitudinal protuberance 72.
  • the operation of this embodiment is identical to the mode of embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8A to 8C.
  • the fact that the sole of the liner is flat is an advantage.
  • Figures 10 and 11 illustrate another embodiment of a shoe according to the invention, allowing movement in valgus / varus of the foot.
  • the sole of the liner has two longitudinal protuberances 72 'formed by a platform 73' linked to the liner by means of a semi-rigid rib 74 'allowing the liner to pivot slightly relative to a longitudinal axis of the sole.
  • the platforms 73 ′ can for example be screwed into the chassis.
  • a filling foam can be deposited under the sole so as to allow good connection between the boot and the ski, and good steering of the skis, without dead time or flutter.
  • the foot and the leg keep a great freedom of natural movements, in flexion and in rotation without there being so much play between the leg and the casings.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the displacement of the tibia during a turn with a shoe according to the present invention as well as the distribution of the forces during this turn.
  • the force F x directed towards the front always exists.
  • the lateral force is obtained by a movement of the side leg which makes it possible to obtain the setting on the edge of the ski.
  • this movement of the leg on the side is made out of balance.
  • Figure 13 illustrates the distribution of forces during a rear imbalance of the skier.
  • the link arm allows a slight rear imbalance while generating a forward force which helps the skier to return to a correct position.
  • the axis 90 of the tibia can also pivot at an angle which depends of the skier's position. In all cases, the position of the entire leg and in particular of the foot and lower leg is a natural position, which allows to exploit all the muscles. This facilitates catching up and largely avoids ligament and bone ruptures during rear torsional falls.
  • Figure 14 is a sectional view of a frame 11 and a liner 12 movable in this frame.
  • the boot has on its rear part, a shoulder 80.
  • the chassis has a stop 81 cooperating with the shoulder 80 of the boot, so as to allow vertical movement of the back of the boot over a predefined distance, greatly enlarged in the figure , without it being completely free.
  • This support with play allows the foot to perform a natural movement of extension, as described above.
  • the shoulder 80 or the stop 81 may also have a slightly curved shape so as to allow a small angular rotation of the foot relative to a longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment in which the liner 12 is fixed to the chassis 11 ′, for example by means of two screws 85, 86.
  • the chassis is not completely rigid, which allows the chassis and the liner to " follow "the deformation of the ski 87. This avoids that, as when using conventional rigid ski boots, the deformation of the ski exerts forces on the bindings 88, which can cause a detachment of the binding even when no fall.
  • the head of the rear screw 86 may have a certain play with respect to the housing in which it is placed, which also allows movement of the valgus / varus of the foot.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a variant of the shoe according to the invention, similar to the shoe of FIG. 1.
  • the link arm 13 shown as an elastic blade is introduced into the chassis 11 '. It is placed under the sole of the bootie 12 and enters the chassis.
  • the elasticity of the link arm 13 as well as its positioning relative to the chassis and its method of attachment in this frame allows the heel to perform a vertical movement which follows the deformations of the arm. This allows, as before, a natural movement of the user's leg.
  • This embodiment is advantageous in that the displacements of the heel and those of the link arm and consequently of the housings are linked. The housings therefore always remain in the appropriate position, whatever the movements of the heel.
  • the heel of the liner 12 is integral with the chassis 11 'and does not accompany the movements of the connecting arm 13. In this case, a space must be preserved between the liner and the arm fixed in the chassis. In both cases, the movement around a longitudinal axis of the foot is preserved.
  • FIGs 17 and 18 illustrate a particular embodiment of a connecting arm 13 'according to the invention.
  • This link arm is divided into two branches 91 in its upper third.
  • This arm makes it possible to solve the problems associated with shoes comprising a link arm as mentioned in the prior art.
  • the thigh comes to touch the calf muscles (triceps).
  • an element represented as a posterior lever extends above the lower third of the calf, there is a risk of conflict of the element between the triceps and the hamstring muscles of the thigh during maximum flexion.
  • This type of flexion is common in skiers with rear imbalance, such as beginners and skiers apprehending the slope.
  • Competitive skiers are also subject to this type of imbalance or catch-up position.
  • the present configuration of the link arm 13 respects the principle of having a fulcrum above the middle part of the tibia.
  • the link arms end in two lateral branches 91 to which the rear casing 14 'is attached.
  • This housing can be mobile or integrated into the construction of the shoe.
  • the front casing 15 ′ fixed directly to the external branches of the link arm, or free and fixed to the link arms by means of a strap or a collar.
  • the two casings or the leg holding collar are attached together on two axes 92, 93, arranged on the upper lateral parts of the link arm. They improve the mobility of the leg and the casings in flexion without sacrificing its holding.
  • FIG. 19 represents a shoe which can be likened, in its aesthetics, its proportions and its volumes, to a motocross boot whose particularity is to integrate the functions described in the invention, namely:
  • the liner 12 is mounted in the frame 11 so as to be able to pivot around a longitudinal axis of the foot.
  • a space 100 is provided between the upper edge of the chassis and the liner. In order to make the assembly watertight, this space can be filled with easily deformable foam or covered with a strip of material ensuring sealing.
  • This shoe further comprises means 101 for adjusting the initial position of the link arm 13.
  • the positioning of the link arm makes it possible to adapt to the volume of the user's calf, so that whatever the volume of the calf, leg is in a comfortable position.
  • the angle formed by the arm relative to a vertical can for example be 10 °, 13 ° and 16 ° in three possible positions of adjustment means.
  • These adjustment means 101 may for example include an eccentric.
  • the shoe may also include an arm release device 102 facilitating walking. This device allows a certain clearance at the bottom of the link arm 13. It is for example also formed of an eccentric which can be placed in two positions as shown in FIG. 19.
  • this shoe may include a rising upper 103 and integrate bodies for protection against water and cold.
  • This rod must imperatively be flexible so as not to impede the movements of the leg. It can incorporate extra thicknesses 104 making it possible to protect the user against shocks and cuts.
  • the shoe can integrate these different components so as to form a homogeneous whole having the appearance of a boot.
  • FIG. 20 represents an application of the shoe according to the invention produced in the form of a shoe 110 for roller skating. As in the previous examples, this shoe allows movements to be made that fully respect physiological movements.
  • the liner can be attached to the chassis or simply placed therein, without rigid connection to it. In this case, the leg and the ski are only held by the link arms. This achievement has two important advantages.
  • the skier can use almost any boot that fits into the chassis. He can therefore choose slippers in which he is particularly comfortable.
  • the foot is not blocked in rotation. This allows the foot to rotate around the vertical axis (Y) which is naturally linked to a rotation of the knee.
  • the inner edges of the two feet are not strictly parallel when the skis are parallel. At on the contrary, they are slightly moved forward so as to form an angle of a few degrees towards the outside. The purpose of this angle is to promote the rolling movement of the calcaneus on the talus which facilitates the valgus / varus of the hindfoot area and therefore the natural movement of pronosupination.
  • the present shoe offers a perfect connection between the leg and the ski. This connection is made without compression, over a relatively large area. It therefore does not cause pain as in the case of rigid shoes.
  • this link allows all natural movements of the leg and foot. This has the advantage of limiting the risk of injury, increasing the comfort of the skier and essentially improving proprioception.
  • the shoe forms a "self-supporting exoskeleton" which in no way impedes the movements of the user. The user's movements are completely transmitted from the internal skeleton of the user to this "exoskeleton" which is linked to the ski so as to direct it.
  • the elasticity of the ski, of the link arms and possibly of the chassis provides total freedom in bending the ankle.
  • the deformation of the ski on an obstacle combined with the bending of the link arms no longer causes hard points on the tibia, therefore imbalances usually linked to the effect of support points. and absorbs the relief while providing maximum comfort.
  • conventional rigid boots when the ski hits an obstacle, it deforms and the energy is directly restored to the user's leg. The latter, due to the severe braking and acceleration of the body forward, then compensation to the rear, is often unbalanced backwards.
  • the shoe according to the invention has a shock absorbing function.
  • Such a shoe thanks to the dynamic flexible effect of the link arm, helps the leg to tolerate great torsional forces during falls.
  • the travel, flexibility in bending and tolerance Controlled in rotation offer the leg a better possibility to resist ligament injuries and ruptures, in particular ruptures of the knee ligaments which occur in more than a third of skiing accidents.
  • the resistance time of the maximum force of the leg is lengthened and avoids the shearing effects due to violent and abrupt forces such as they occur in the shoes of the prior art.
  • the freedom to rotate it is 30 to 40 degrees and the rotational component of the hamstrings is maximum.
  • the more one approaches the extension the more the degree of freedom in rotation of the knee decreases to become zero in full extension.
  • the rotational component of the hamstrings also decreases, therefore their ability to prevent torsion of the femur on the tibia. Only the bone and ligament structures can fulfill this role, hence the frequency of damage to the anterior cruciate ligaments, the tibio- ligaments. peroneal or spiroid fractures of the tibia.
  • the freedom of rotation of the ski boot complex under the knee is greater than with the boots of the prior art, and this movement is controlled by the muscles of the leg and of the foot (peroneal and leggings).
  • This factor is a considerable protective element of passive structures such as ligaments and bones of the lower limb.
  • each of the elements can be adapted to the skier's morphology as well as to his abilities. It is therefore possible to choose each of the elements from a series of standard elements so as to form a custom shoe.
  • link arms make the shoe dynamic.
  • the arm (s) can store energy and restore it during the skier's flexion and extension movements.
  • the shape of the link arms also makes it possible to store energy during torsional movements.
  • the lower part of the leg undergoes a twist which is transmitted to the link arms. This allows to store energy which is restored during a turn for example, which facilitates the driving of skis.
  • the casings guarantee that the twisting movements of the leg are fully transmitted to the shoe, otherwise the skis would be difficult to steer and the ankle would have to compensate for the non-transmitted forces.
  • the shoe according to the present invention is particularly comfortable, it makes it possible to direct the skis optimally and it greatly limits the risks of breaking the bones of the lower leg.
  • the user maintains excellent sensitivity, which makes it easier to maintain balance. This also facilitates learning to ski.
  • the combined function of putting the foot in the valgus on the chassis and rotating the casings results in a diagonal support effect. This combined support of a force forwards and to the side is sought by all skiers, but, with the shoes of the prior art, the effort is broken down into two distinct movements: one forwards to obtain a load on the front of the ski during the initiation of the turn, a movement of the leg on the side to obtain the setting on the edge of the ski and thus grip the snow.
  • the movement of the valgus or varus of the foot is combined with the natural rotation of the leg. This results in a forward diagonal support oriented towards the direction the skier wishes to reach. As a result, turning is instantaneous and cornering steering is more precise. The skier is more advanced in his gestures and no longer needs to focus both on the front support and at the same time on the lateral support.
  • the storage of the energy supplied by the skier during the stress is restored in proportion to the effort of the latter.
  • the work of the material saves efforts.
  • the shoe also restores energy proportionally.
  • the boot has essentially been described in an application as a ski boot.
  • the same shoe could also be used in other sports, and for example as a roller skate shoe or an ice skate shoe in particular. It can also be used for ski touring, cross-country skiing or snowboarding according to various construction methods.
  • retaining housings make it possible to transfer the forces directly from the leg to the ski by the link arm, these various embodiments are adjustable both in terms of leg volumes and in terms of rotational mobility by their link with the arm.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a sports shoe, especially for downhill skiing, ski-touring, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, roller-skating or ice-skating. The inventive shoe essentially comprises a rigid underframe (11), which is located below the ankle of the wearer, two connecting links (30, 31) between the underframe and the leg of the wearer, and two casings (14, 15), which are arranged in such a way that they can firmly link the leg of the wearer to the connecting links. The underframe (11) comprises a front housing (18) and a rear housing (19). Said housings are arranged in such a way that they can receive a soft inner boot (12). The underframe (11) also comprises shoulders (17, 17'), which enable the shoe (10) to be fixed in a conventional binding. The inner boot (12) is able to move inside the underframe. These movements can be a vertical movement of the heel and/or be made about a longitudinal axis in relation to the foot of the wearer, in such a way that the leg of the wearer can move naturally during the sporting activity.

Description

CHAUSSURE DE SPORT, NOTAMMENT DE SKI ALPIN, DE RANDONNEE, DE FOND, DE SURF DES NEIGES, DE PATIN A ROULETTES OU DE PATIN A GLACESPORTS SHOES, PARTICULARLY FOR ALPINE SKIING, HIKING, CROSS COUNTRY, SNOW SURFING, SKATE SKATING OR ICE SKATING
La présente invention concerne une chaussure de sport, notamment de ski alpin, de randonnée, de fond, de surf des neiges, de patin à roulettes ou de patin à glace, comportant un châssis rigide disposé en dessous de la cheville de l'utilisateur et définissant au moins un logement dans lequel est placé un chausson recevant le pied de l'utilisateur et coopérant avec ce châssis, au moins un bras de liaison entre le châssis et une jambe de l'utilisateur, et au moins un carter agencé pour lier de façon ferme la jambe de l'utilisateur au bras de liaison.The present invention relates to a sports shoe, in particular for alpine skiing, hiking, cross-country, snowboarding, roller skating or ice skating, comprising a rigid frame disposed below the ankle of the user and defining at least one housing in which is placed a liner receiving the foot of the user and cooperating with this chassis, at least one link arm between the chassis and a leg of the user, and at least one casing designed to link closes the user's leg to the link arm.
La grande majorité des chaussures de sport telles que les chaussures pour le patin à roulettes en ligne ou le ski notamment, comportent une coque rigide s'étendant largement au-dessus de la cheville et enserrant celle-ci de façon à bloquer pratiquement totalement ses mouvements lors de la pratique du sport.The vast majority of sports shoes such as shoes for inline skating or skiing in particular, have a rigid shell extending widely above the ankle and enclosing the latter so as to practically completely block its movements. when practicing sport.
Ce genre de chaussures présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients. En particulier, l'utilisation de telles chaussures, du fait de leur rigidité, engendre souvent divers traumatismes tels que notamment:This kind of shoes has a number of drawbacks. In particular, the use of such shoes, because of their rigidity, often causes various traumas such as in particular:
• lésions des ligaments du genou et de la cheville,• damage to the knee and ankle ligaments,
• appuis tibiaux douloureux, atteinte du muscle jambier postérieur, • bursite sur les pieds, (maladie de Haglund),• painful tibial support, involvement of the posterior leg muscle, • bursitis on the feet, (Haglund disease),
• inflammation du tendon d'Achille,• inflammation of the Achilles tendon,
• état douloureux des malléoles internes et externes,• painful condition of the internal and external malleoli,
• périostites,• periostitis,
• déplacements et lésions des ménisques du genou, • compression des métatarses (maladie de Morton),• displacement and lesions of the menisci of the knee, • compression of the metatarsals (Morton's disease),
• engourdissement du membre inférieur dû à sa compression, • atrophie des muscles du pied de la cheville et du mollet en fin de saison,• numbness of the lower limb due to its compression, Atrophy of the muscles of the foot of the ankle and the calf at the end of the season,
• froid aux pieds, gelures partielles et complications circulatoires associées.• cold feet, partial frostbite and associated circulatory complications.
D'autres chaussures de sport comportent une coque rigide s'arrêtant en dessous de la cheville et censées la libérer ont été réalisées. Ces chaussures ont comme caractéristique de bloquer le pied dans la coque au moyen de brides disposées au niveau du coup de pied.Other sports shoes have a rigid shell which stops below the ankle and which is said to release it have been produced. These shoes have the characteristic of blocking the foot in the shell by means of straps arranged at the level of the kick.
Les techniques employées pour la conception des chaussures ont évolué pour offrir un meilleur confort, mais cette action de tenue et de verrouillage du bas de la jambe occasionne encore beaucoup de traumatismes et d'inconfort des utilisateurs souvent exposés à des torsions du bas de la jambe notamment lors des chutes. Avec des chaussures rigides, le temps de résistance maximal de la jambe en torsion est considérablement raccourci par la rigidité des chaussures qui ne permettent pas de mobiliser l'ensemble de la chaîne articulaire et musculaire du segment jambier. Une violente torsion lors d'une chute en arrière est accentuée par le manque de mobilité articulaire et musculaire postérieure de la jambe qui a pour effet de renvoyer brusquement aux genoux les efforts en torsion. La jambe est bloquée par le collier rigide de la chaussure. Ce type de chute largement décrite notamment dans les travaux du professeur Johnson aux Etats-Unis met en évidence le risque des chaussures de ski trop rigides lors des chutes arrière en torsion. D'autre part, il semble que le blocage des articulations du pied et de la cheville soit responsable de la mise au repos des muscles de la jambe. Ces muscles ne sont alors plus correctement utilisés pour réagir en cas de chute ou de changement inattendu de direction et ne protègent donc pas correctement le genou et les ligaments. De plus, la sensibilité du pied est atténuée par ce même verrouillage du pied et du bas de la jambe auquel on ajoute une compression globale externe pour obtenir de la tenue et de la précision. Ceci a pour effet de limiter les activités sensorielles. Dans le cas particulier du ski, ceci explique en partie les difficultés d'équilibration chez beaucoup de skieurs. Certains développements ont été réalisés pour tenter de résoudre les problèmes des chaussures à coques rigides. L'un de ces développements est illustré dans le brevet américain N° US-A-3 747 235. Ce document décrit une chaussure de ski comportant un chausson rigide fixé au ski et entourant le pied, un levier fixé au chausson et se prolongeant pratiquement jusqu'au niveau du genou, un étrier fixé au levier et destiné à empêcher un mouvement latéral de la jambe par rapport au levier, et une bride qui empêche un mouvement longitudinal de la jambe par rapport au levier. Le chausson rigide s'arrête sous la cheville et ne semble donc pas verrouiller son mouvement. En réalité, lorsque la chaussure est tenue dans une fixation de ski, le pied est bloqué dans la chaussure et l'articulation de la cheville est bloquée. La liaison entre la jambe et la cheville est matérialisée par le levier qui transmet les efforts aux skis de façon à permettre à l'utilisateur de les diriger.The techniques used to design the shoes have evolved to offer better comfort, but this action of holding and locking the lower leg still causes a lot of trauma and discomfort for users often exposed to twists of the lower leg. especially during falls. With rigid shoes, the maximum resistance time of the torsional leg is considerably shortened by the stiffness of the shoes which do not allow the entire articular and muscular chain of the leg segment to be mobilized. A violent torsion during a fall backwards is accentuated by the lack of articular and posterior muscular mobility of the leg which has the effect of suddenly sending torsional forces back to the knees. The leg is blocked by the rigid collar of the shoe. This type of fall, widely described in particular in the work of Professor Johnson in the United States, highlights the risk of excessively rigid ski boots during rear torsional falls. On the other hand, it seems that blockage of the foot and ankle joints is responsible for resting the leg muscles. These muscles are then no longer properly used to react in the event of a fall or an unexpected change of direction and therefore do not properly protect the knee and ligaments. In addition, the sensitivity of the foot is attenuated by this same locking of the foot and of the lower leg to which an overall external compression is added to obtain hold and precision. This has the effect of limiting sensory activities. In the particular case of skiing, this partly explains the balancing difficulties for many skiers. Certain developments have been made in an attempt to resolve the problems of shoes with rigid shells. One of these developments is illustrated in American patent N ° US-A-3,747,235. This document describes a ski boot comprising a rigid boot attached to the ski and surrounding the foot, a lever attached to the boot and practically extending up to knee level, a stirrup fixed to the lever and intended to prevent lateral movement of the leg relative to the lever, and a strap which prevents longitudinal movement of the leg relative to the lever. The rigid boot stops under the ankle and therefore does not seem to block its movement. In reality, when the boot is held in a ski binding, the foot is locked in the boot and the ankle joint is blocked. The connection between the leg and the ankle is materialized by the lever which transmits the forces to the skis so as to allow the user to steer them.
Le but de cette chaussure est d'éviter un certain nombre de problèmes liés aux chaussures à coques rigide, en particulier ceux liés à la compression du pied dans la chaussure (bursites, états douloureux des malléoles,...). Malheureusement, ce système ne permet pas d'utiliser le verrouillage musculaire et articulaire de l'ensemble de la jambe. Ainsi, un certain nombre de problèmes persistent et d'autres apparaissent.The purpose of this shoe is to avoid a certain number of problems associated with shoes with rigid shells, in particular those related to the compression of the foot in the shoe (bursites, painful states of the malleoli, ...). Unfortunately, this system does not allow the use of muscle and joint locking of the entire leg. Thus, a number of problems persist and others appear.
La liaison entre la jambe et le ski est effectuée juste en dessous du genou. Ceci implique un risque de déplacement "en tiroir" du genou. Cet effet "tiroir" est très fréquent chez les sujets atteints de laxité ou de lésions ligamentaires du genou. Ceci peut également créer une inflammation des ligaments au niveau du genou ainsi que la compression des glandes et des faisceaux postérieurs. Cette liaison crée une compression et un écrasement de l'artère tibiale postérieure, limitant l'irrigation du bas de la jambe. Cette bride est également directement en appui sur le péroné. Elle bloque le déplacement de ce dernier qui, lors de chaque mouvement de la jambe, est normalement déplacé, aussi bien en rotation qu'en translation. Le fait de bloquer les déplacements du péroné crée des douleurs et supprime le verrouillage naturel articulaire et musculaire de la jambe. Un autre problème lié à l'utilisation d'une bride est celui de la transmission des mouvements de la jambe au ski. Si la bride est peu serrée, cette transmission se fait mal et les skis sont difficiles voire impossible à diriger. Pour que la transmission se fasse de façon fiable, il faut que la jambe ne puisse pas du tout bouger dans la bride. Ceci implique que la bride doit être très serrée. Il peut en résulter des douleurs du même type que celles qui apparaissent avec l'utilisation de chaussures rigides.The connection between the leg and the ski is made just below the knee. This implies a risk of displacement "in drawer" of the knee. This "drawer" effect is very frequent in subjects suffering from laxity or ligamentous lesions of the knee. This can also cause inflammation of the ligaments in the knee and compression of the posterior glands and bundles. This connection creates compression and crushing of the posterior tibial artery, limiting irrigation of the lower leg. This flange is also directly supported on the fibula. It blocks the movement of the latter which, during each movement of the leg, is normally displaced, both in rotation and in translation. Blocking the movement of the fibula creates pain and removes the natural joint and muscle locking of the leg. Another problem linked to the use of a bridle is that of the transmission of the movements of the leg to the ski. If the strap is loose, this transmission is bad and the skis are difficult or impossible to steer. For the transmission to take place reliably, the leg must not be able to move at all in the strap. This implies that the strap must be very tight. It can result in pain of the same type as that which appears with the use of rigid shoes.
Finalement, un problème essentiel de cette chaussure et de cette fixation vient du fait que le chausson est fixé fermement dans la fixation. Bien que la cheville ne soit pas verrouillée par la chaussure elle-même, le maintien rigide de la chaussure dans la fixation empêche un mouvement naturel du pied, comme cela est expliqué en détail ci-dessous.Finally, an essential problem with this shoe and this binding comes from the fact that the boot is firmly fixed in the binding. Although the ankle is not locked by the shoe itself, the rigid retention of the shoe in the binding prevents natural movement of the foot, as explained in detail below.
Il existe d'autres documents décrivant des chaussures de sport conçues pour libérer l'articulation de la cheville. Parmi des documents, on peut citer les demandes de brevet français publiées sous les N° FR-A-2 758 093 et FR-A-2 745 988 ainsi que la publication allemande DE 27 18 939.There are other documents describing sports shoes designed to release the ankle joint. Among the documents, one can cite the French patent applications published under the numbers FR-A-2 758 093 and FR-A-2 745 988 as well as the German publication DE 27 18 939.
La demande de brevet français FR-A-2 758 093 décrit un patin à roulettes formé d'une chaussure conventionnelle, d'une semelle solidaire de roulettes, d'une plate-forme sur laquelle repose la chaussure, et d'un bras rigide liant la semelle à la jambe de l'utilisateur. Le bras rigide maintien la jambe au moyen d'un anneau. Ce bras est mobile vers l'avant et vers l'arrière, mais pas latéralement.French patent application FR-A-2 758 093 describes a roller skate formed by a conventional shoe, a sole integral with wheels, a platform on which the shoe rests, and a rigid arm binding the sole to the user's leg. The rigid arm holds the leg by means of a ring. This arm is movable forwards and backwards, but not laterally.
Etant donné que le mouvement naturel de la cheville implique, lors de sa rotation vers l'avant ou l'arrière, également une rotation latérale, puisque l'axe de rotation de la cheville n'est pas horizontal et perpendiculaire à l'axe de symétrie du corps humain, le fait d'empêcher une rotation latérale bloque au moins partiellement la rotation de la cheville. Le déplacement "en chaîne" de l'ensemble des articulations de la jambe est donc impossible puisque l'un des mouvements est bloqué.Since the natural movement of the ankle implies, when it rotates forwards or backwards, also a lateral rotation, since the axis of rotation of the ankle is not horizontal and perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the human body, preventing lateral rotation blocks the less partially the rotation of the ankle. The "chain" movement of all of the leg joints is therefore impossible since one of the movements is blocked.
La publication allemande DE 27 18 939 décrit une chaussure de ski pouvant être utilisé avec un chausson conventionnel. Cette chaussure comporte une coque dans laquelle le chausson est immobilisé au moyen de coussins d'air. Le but de cette invention est de maintenir fermement le pied dans la coque, tout en évitant des zones de contrainte. Le fait de maintenir le pied empêche le mouvement naturel de la jambe.German publication DE 27 18 939 describes a ski boot which can be used with a conventional boot. This shoe has a shell in which the boot is immobilized by means of air cushions. The object of this invention is to keep the foot firmly in the shell, while avoiding stress zones. Maintaining the foot prevents natural movement of the leg.
Finalement, la demande FR-A-2 745 988 décrit une chaussure de sport comportant une semelle rigide, une tige basse s'arrêtant en dessous de la cheville et un élément de guidage autorisant une rotation du tibia vers l'avant, tout en empêchant un mouvement latéral.Finally, application FR-A-2 745 988 describes a sports shoe comprising a rigid sole, a low upper stopping below the ankle and a guide element allowing rotation of the tibia forwards, while preventing lateral movement.
Comme cela est décrit en détail ci-dessous, les mouvements de la jambe impliquent un mouvement coordonné de la cheville, du genou et de la hanche. Le fait d'interdire le mouvement de l'une des articulations, même dans une seule direction détruit la coordination des mouvements et empêche la jambe d'effectuer un déplacement physiologique.As described in detail below, leg movements involve a coordinated movement of the ankle, knee and hip. Prohibiting movement of one of the joints, even in one direction, destroys coordination of movement and prevents the leg from performing physiological displacement.
Les chaussures de sport de l'art antérieur ont toutes comme objectif de maintenir le pied de façon ferme, soit dans une coque rigide, soit par des sangles au niveau du coup du pied, soit par des coussins gonflables, et comme caractéristique d'empêcher le déplacement de la cheville au moins dans une direction.The prior art sports shoes all have the objective of holding the foot firmly, either in a rigid shell, or by straps at the instep, or by airbags, and as a characteristic of preventing moving the ankle at least in one direction.
De ce fait, aucune des inventions décrites dans les documents de l'art antérieur n'autorise un mouvement physiologique de la jambe dans la pratique du sport concerné, même dans le cas où l'articulation de la cheville semble libre. La présente invention se propose de pallier les inconvénients des chaussures de l'art antérieur en offrant une chaussure autorisant les mouvements physiologiques de la jambe en général et de la cheville et du genou en particulier, notamment en autorisant un mouvement de la plante du pied par rapport au support constitué par le ski ou le patin à roulettes.As a result, none of the inventions described in the documents of the prior art authorizes a physiological movement of the leg in the practice of the sport concerned, even in the case where the ankle joint seems free. The present invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of shoes of the prior art by providing a shoe allowing physiological movements of the leg in general and of the ankle and knee in particular, in particular by allowing movement of the sole of the foot by compared to the support constituted by the ski or the roller skate.
Comme mentionné précédemment, la rotation de la jambe dans son ensemble peut être séparée en une rotation du genou, une rotation de la cheville et une rotation de la hanche.As mentioned earlier, the rotation of the whole leg can be separated into a rotation of the knee, a rotation of the ankle and a rotation of the hip.
La rotation du genou est commandée par deux groupes de muscles. Le premier groupe est constitué de muscles rotateurs externes qui, lorsqu'ils sont actionnés, ont pour effet de faire tourner le plateau tibial de manière à diriger la pointe du pied vers l'extérieur. Le deuxième groupe est constitué de muscles rotateurs internes qui ont tendance à diriger la pointe du pied vers l'intérieur. Globalement, le groupe des rotateurs internes est légèrement plus puissant que le groupe des rotateurs externes. La flexion du genou entraîne une rotation vers l'intérieur du tibia ainsi qu'un déplacement du péroné en rotation et en translation autour de son axe longitudinal.The knee rotation is controlled by two groups of muscles. The first group consists of external rotator muscles which, when activated, cause the tibial plateau to rotate so as to direct the tip of the foot outwards. The second group consists of internal rotator muscles which tend to point the toes inward. Overall, the group of internal rotators is slightly more powerful than the group of external rotators. The knee flexion causes an inward rotation of the tibia as well as a displacement of the fibula in rotation and in translation around its longitudinal axis.
La rotation de la cheville peut se faire autour de trois axes. Un axe pratiquement horizontal et transversal (X) qui passe sensiblement par les deux malléoles, un axe vertical (Y) situé dans le prolongement de la jambe et un axe horizontal longitudinal (Z).The ankle can be rotated around three axes. A practically horizontal and transverse axis (X) which passes substantially through the two malleoli, a vertical axis (Y) situated in the extension of the leg and a longitudinal horizontal axis (Z).
Le mouvement de rotation de la cheville autour de l'axe horizontal transversal (X) est nommé "extension" lorsque la pointe du pied descend, et "flexion" dans le cas contraire. Le mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe vertical (Y) est nommé "adduction" lorsque la pointe du pied se porte en dedans, vers le plan de symétrie du corps, et "abduction" lorsque la pointe du pied s'éloigne de ce plan de symétrie. Finalement, le mouvement autour de l'axe horizontal longitudinal (Z) est nommé "supination" lorsque la plante du pied s'oriente vers le dedans et "pronation" lorsqu'elle s'oriente vers le dehors.The rotational movement of the ankle around the transverse horizontal axis (X) is called "extension" when the ball of the foot descends, and "flexion" otherwise. The rotational movement around the vertical axis (Y) is called "adduction" when the tip of the foot is carried inside, towards the plane of symmetry of the body, and "abduction" when the tip of the foot moves away from this plane of symmetry. Finally, the movement around the horizontal axis longitudinal (Z) is called "supination" when the sole of the foot is oriented inward and "pronation" when it is oriented outward.
Lors de la rotation naturelle de la cheville, les mouvements autour des trois axes sont toujours liés. L'adduction s'accompagne nécessairement d'une supination et d'une extension. La position atteinte par ce déplacement est dite position d'inversion. Si l'extension est compensée par une flexion équivalente, on obtient l'attitude dite en varus.During the natural rotation of the ankle, the movements around the three axes are always linked. Adduction is necessarily accompanied by supination and extension. The position reached by this movement is called the inversion position. If the extension is compensated by an equivalent flexion, we obtain the so-called varus attitude.
Dans l'autre sens, l'abduction s'accompagne nécessairement d'une pronation et d'une flexion. La position atteinte est dite position d'éversion. Si la flexion est annulée par une extension équivalente de la cheville, on obtient l'attitude en valgus.In the other direction, abduction is necessarily accompanied by pronation and flexion. The position reached is called the eversion position. If the flexion is canceled by an equivalent extension of the ankle, we obtain the attitude in valgus.
La position d'éversion est obtenue essentiellement sous l'action de deux muscles: le court péronier latéral et le long péronier latéral. Ceux-ci s'insèrent au niveau de la plante du pied sur la moitié avant, respectivement sur le bord extérieur et sur le bord intérieur du pied.The eversion position is obtained essentially under the action of two muscles: the short lateral peroneal and the long lateral peroneal. These are inserted at the sole of the foot on the front half, respectively on the outer edge and on the inner edge of the foot.
Toutes les chaussures de l'art antérieur maintiennent le pied fermement contre le support. En outre, elles empêchent la rotation de la cheville autour de l'axe horizontal longitudinal (Z). Le blocage de ce mouvement casse la chaîne articulaire formée par la cheville, le genou et la hanche. Ceci a également pour effet d'empêcher le verrouillage musculaire naturel obtenu par l'utilisation physiologique des muscles.All the prior art shoes hold the foot firmly against the support. In addition, they prevent rotation of the pin around the longitudinal horizontal axis (Z). The blocking of this movement breaks the articular chain formed by the ankle, the knee and the hip. This also has the effect of preventing the natural muscular locking obtained by the physiological use of the muscles.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients des chaussures de sport de l'art antérieur et de permettre un mouvement naturel de l'ensemble de la jambe en autorisant un travail synergique en chaîne des articulations de la jambe, tel que décrit ci-dessus. Un autre but de l'invention est d'augmenter la proprioception de l'utilisateur. Ce but est atteint par le fait que le membre inférieur est libre, donc sensible. Ces buts sont atteints par une chaussure de sport telle que définie en préambule et caractérisée en ce que le châssis comporte des moyens pour autoriser un mouvement, autour d'un axe longitudinal du pied, du chausson par rapport au châssis.The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of sports shoes of the prior art and to allow natural movement of the entire leg by allowing synergistic chain work of the leg joints, as described below. above. Another object of the invention is to increase the proprioception of the user. This object is achieved by the fact that the lower limb is free, therefore sensitive. These goals are achieved by a sports shoe as defined in the preamble and characterized in that the chassis comprises means for allowing movement, around a longitudinal axis of the foot, of the liner relative to the chassis.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, les moyens pour permettre un mouvement du chausson autour d'un axe longitudinal peuvent comporter au moins une protubérance longitudinale disposée entre le chausson et le châssis, sous le chausson. La protubérance longitudinale peut être solidaire du chausson ou du châssis.According to a first embodiment, the means for allowing movement of the liner around a longitudinal axis may include at least one longitudinal protuberance disposed between the liner and the frame, under the liner. The longitudinal protuberance may be integral with the liner or the chassis.
Selon une variante de réalisation, les moyens pour permettre un mouvement du chausson autour d'un axe longitudinal comportent deux protubérances longitudinales formées d'une plate-forme liée au chausson par l'intermédiaire d'une nervure plane semi-rigide alignée avec ledit axe longitudinal.According to an alternative embodiment, the means for allowing movement of the liner around a longitudinal axis comprise two longitudinal protrusions formed by a platform linked to the liner by means of a semi-rigid plane rib aligned with said axis longitudinal.
La protubérance longitudinale disposée entre le chausson et le châssis définit des espaces de part et d'autre de cette protubérance, ces espaces étant avantageusement remplis d'une matière souple.The longitudinal protuberance disposed between the liner and the chassis defines spaces on either side of this protuberance, these spaces advantageously being filled with a flexible material.
Le châssis comporte avantageusement des moyens pour autoriser un mouvement vertical de l'arrière du chausson par rapport au châssis. Ces moyens peuvent comporter un épaulement disposé sur le chausson et une butée formée dans le châssis.The chassis advantageously includes means for allowing vertical movement of the rear of the liner relative to the chassis. These means may include a shoulder disposed on the liner and a stop formed in the chassis.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la chaussure selon l'invention comporte un carter postérieur agencé pour être adapté à la morphologie du mollet de l'utilisateur, et un carter antérieur agencé pour être adapté à la morphologie du plateau tibial de l'utilisateur, au moins l'un des carters étant lié au bras de liaison. Le carter antérieur peut comporter un élément d'appui du genou, agencé pour être en contact avec le genou de l'utilisateur.According to a preferred embodiment, the shoe according to the invention comprises a posterior casing arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's calf, and an anterior casing arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's tibial plateau, at least one of the casings being linked to the link arm. The front casing may include a knee support element, arranged to be in contact with the user's knee.
Le carter fixé au bras de liaison est mobile en rotation sur une plage angulaire donnée autour dudit bras de liaison et comporte des moyens de réglage du volume compris entre le carter postérieur et le carter antérieur et des moyens de réglage de la hauteur du carter antérieur et/ou du carter postérieur.The casing fixed to the link arm is movable in rotation over a given angular range around said link arm and comprises means for adjusting the volume comprised between the rear case and the front case and means for adjusting the height of the front case and / or the rear housing.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, un des bras de liaison a une extrémité disposée à proximité de l'extrémité des muscles péroniers.According to a particular embodiment, one of the link arms has one end disposed near the end of the peroneal muscles.
Un des bras de liaison peut également avoir une extrémité disposée à proximité du talon.One of the link arms may also have an end disposed near the heel.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, la chaussure comporte deux bras de liaison.According to a particular embodiment, the shoe has two link arms.
Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'un des bras de liaison est disposé vers l'arrière du chausson.In a first embodiment of the invention, one of the link arms is disposed towards the rear of the liner.
Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, les deux bras de liaison sont disposés sur les côtés du chausson.In a second embodiment of the invention, the two connecting arms are arranged on the sides of the liner.
Dans une forme de réalisation particulière, le bras de liaison est disposé entre le chausson et le châssis.In a particular embodiment, the link arm is disposed between the liner and the chassis.
Le bras de liaison peut également être formé d'au moins deux lames superposées.The link arm can also be formed from at least two superimposed blades.
Selon une variante avantageuse, le chausson est amovible dans le châssis. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier dans lequel la chaussure est utilisée comme chaussure de ski, les chaussons sont de préférence placés dans les châssis de telle façon que, lorsque les skis sont parallèles, le bord d'un chausson, disposé vers le plan de symétrie du corps de l'utilisateur, forme un angle ouvert vers l'avant avec le bord correspondant de l'autre chausson.According to an advantageous variant, the liner is removable in the chassis. According to a particular embodiment in which the boot is used as a ski boot, the booties are preferably placed in the frames in such a way that, when the skis are parallel, the edge of a bootie, disposed towards the plane of symmetry of the user's body, forms an open angle forward with the corresponding edge of the other slipper.
La présente invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris en référence à différents modes de réalisation de l'invention et aux dessins dans lesquels:The present invention and its advantages will be better understood with reference to various embodiments of the invention and to the drawings in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 illustrent deux formes de réalisation différentes de chaussures selon l'invention, appliquées au cas du ski;- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate two different embodiments of shoes according to the invention, applied to the case of skiing;
- la figure 3 est une vue de dos de la chaussure de la figure 2;- Figure 3 is a back view of the shoe of Figure 2;
- la figure 4 est une variante d'une chaussure de sport selon l'invention;- Figure 4 is a variant of a sports shoe according to the invention;
- la figure 5 est une vue de face de la chaussure de la figure 4;- Figure 5 is a front view of the shoe of Figure 4;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'un mode de réalisation particulier de la chaussure;- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of the shoe;
- la figure 7 est une vue de face d'une variante de chaussure selon l'invention;- Figure 7 is a front view of a variant shoe according to the invention;
- les figures 8A, 8B et 8C sont des vues de face de parties de chaussures, dans trois positions différentes;- Figures 8A, 8B and 8C are front views of shoe parts, in three different positions;
- les figures 9 et 10 illustrent également deux variantes permettant un mouvement du chausson dans le châssis de la chaussure; - la figure 11 est une vue en coupe d'une partie de la chaussure de la figure 10;- Figures 9 and 10 also illustrate two variants allowing movement of the liner in the chassis of the shoe; - Figure 11 is a sectional view of part of the shoe of Figure 10;
- la figure 12 illustre la position de la chaussure lors d'un virage en ski;- Figure 12 illustrates the position of the boot during a ski turn;
- la figure 13 illustre la répartition des forces sur un ski en utilisant une chaussure selon la présente invention;- Figure 13 illustrates the distribution of forces on a ski using a shoe according to the present invention;
- la figure 14 est une vue en coupe de profil d'une partie de la chaussure selon l'invention;- Figure 14 is a sectional side view of a part of the shoe according to the invention;
- la figure 15 est une vue similaire à la figure 14, d'un autre mode de réalisation de la chaussure;- Figure 15 is a view similar to Figure 14, of another embodiment of the shoe;
- la figure 16 est une vue en coupe d'une variante de chaussure selon l'invention;- Figure 16 is a sectional view of a variant shoe according to the invention;
- la figure 17 illustre un mode de réalisation particulier d'un élément d'une chaussure selon l'invention;- Figure 17 illustrates a particular embodiment of an element of a shoe according to the invention;
- la figure 18 représente une partie d'une chaussure comportant l'élément de la figure 17;- Figure 18 shows a part of a shoe comprising the element of Figure 17;
- la figure 19 illustre une forme de réalisation particulière d'une chaussure selon l'invention; et- Figure 19 illustrates a particular embodiment of a shoe according to the invention; and
- la figure 20 illustre un patin à roulettes selon l'invention.- Figure 20 illustrates a roller skate according to the invention.
En référence aux figures 1 à 18, la chaussure de sport selon la présente invention est illustrée dans le mode de réalisation d'une chaussure de ski alpin, bien qu'elle pourrait être utilisée pour d'autres sports tels que notamment le ski de randonnée, le ski de fond, le surf des neiges. La figure 19 illustre une chaussure de patin à roulettes, mais la chaussure peut également être adaptée au patin à glace.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 18, the sports boot according to the present invention is illustrated in the embodiment of an alpine ski boot, although it could be used for other sports such as including ski touring, cross country skiing, snowboarding. FIG. 19 illustrates a roller skate shoe, but the shoe can also be adapted to ice skating.
La figure 1 illustre une chaussure 10 comportant essentiellement un châssis 11 , un chausson 12, un bras de liaison 13, et deux carters de maintien 14,15.FIG. 1 illustrates a boot 10 essentially comprising a chassis 11, a boot 12, a connecting arm 13, and two holding housings 14, 15.
Le châssis 11 est une pièce rigide comportant une base 16 munie de deux epaulements 17, 17' disposés de façon à permettre le maintien du châssis dans une fixation de ski conventionnelle (non représentée). Elle comporte en outre un logement avant 18 destiné à maintenir fermement le chausson dans le châssis. Finalement, elle comporte un logement arrière 19 destiné à maintenir l'arrière du chausson 12 dans le châssis.The chassis 11 is a rigid part comprising a base 16 provided with two shoulders 17, 17 'arranged so as to allow the chassis to be held in a conventional ski binding (not shown). It further comprises a front housing 18 intended to firmly hold the liner in the chassis. Finally, it includes a rear housing 19 intended to hold the rear of the liner 12 in the chassis.
Le maintien du chausson dans le châssis comporte un certain jeu qui permet au chausson de se déplacer légèrement dans le châssis. Ceci est expliqué plus en détail en référence aux figures 8 à 13. Le châssis est disposé en dessous de la cheville de sorte qu'en aucun cas, les mouvements de la cheville ne sont entravés par le châssis.Maintaining the liner in the chassis has a certain play which allows the liner to move slightly in the chassis. This is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 8 to 13. The chassis is arranged below the pin so that in no case are the movements of the pin hampered by the chassis.
Le chausson 12 est un chausson souple tel qu'une basket ou une chaussure de tennis, qui ne verrouille pas l'articulation de la cheville. Ce chausson peut être choisi de telle façon qu'il offre un confort particulier. Le chausson peut être montant et s'arrêter au-dessus du niveau de la cheville, mais dans ce cas, il doit être suffisamment souple pour ne pas entraver les mouvements de la cheville.The liner 12 is a flexible liner such as a basketball or a tennis shoe, which does not lock the ankle joint. This liner can be chosen in such a way that it offers special comfort. The bootie can be up and stop above the level of the ankle, but in this case it must be flexible enough not to impede the movements of the ankle.
La chaussure comporte également un bras de liaison 13 postérieur. Celui-ci a une partie sensiblement horizontale 20 insérée dans le châssis 11 , et une partie sensiblement verticale 21 , s'étendant en gros parallèlement à la partie inférieure de la jambe du skieur. La partie horizontale 20 du bras de liaison 13 s'arrête sensiblement sous l'extrémité avant des deux péroniers latéraux. Ceci améliore de façon sensible, la proprioception du skieur, du fait que les zones sensibles du pied sont proches de l'un des éléments qui permet le guidage du ski. D'autres réalisations pourraient toutefois être envisagées.The shoe also includes a rear link arm 13. This has a substantially horizontal part 20 inserted in the chassis 11, and a substantially vertical part 21, extending roughly parallel to the lower part of the skier's leg. The horizontal part 20 of the connecting arm 13 stops substantially under the front end of the two lateral peronaries. This appreciably improves the proprioception of the skier, because the sensitive areas of the foot are close to one of the elements which allows the ski to be guided. Other realizations could however be envisaged.
Le bras de liaison postérieur 13 est associé au carter postérieur 14 qui épouse la forme du mollet du skieur. Ce carter est maintenu par le bras de liaison et son positionnement précis peut être ajusté d'une manière conventionnelle. Ce carter peut être rempli d'une mousse anatomique ou d'une mousse de remplissage permettant à chacun d'ajuster ces carters à la forme et au volume des jambes. Ce carter coopère avec le bras de liaison 13 notamment en rotation, lors de flexions de ce bras. Ceci permet au carter de rester immobile par rapport à la jambe et d'éviter une friction sur la jambe.The rear linkage arm 13 is associated with the rear casing 14 which follows the shape of the skier's calf. This housing is held by the link arm and its precise positioning can be adjusted in a conventional manner. This casing can be filled with an anatomical foam or a filling foam allowing everyone to adjust these casings to the shape and volume of the legs. This casing cooperates with the link arm 13, in particular in rotation, during flexions of this arm. This allows the housing to remain stationary relative to the leg and to avoid friction on the leg.
Le bras de liaison postérieur 13 peut être constitué d'une tige unique 22, d'une tige double, voire triple, comme illustré par exemple par la figure 3. La matière constituant le bras de liaison 13 est choisie de telle manière qu'elle présente une certaine élasticité prédéfinie, en flexion et en rotation. Cette matière peut par exemple être un métal, une matière synthétique, un matériau composite tel que du carbone ou du polyamide carbone, et comprendre éventuellement des adjonctions de fibres ou de particules permettant d'adapter les modules d'élasticités en flexion et en rotation. La forme des bras est également choisie de façon à permettre une flexion vers l'avant, tout en limitant la flexion vers l'arrière, sans l'empêcher totalement.The posterior link arm 13 can consist of a single rod 22, a double or even triple rod, as illustrated for example by FIG. 3. The material constituting the link arm 13 is chosen so that it has a certain predefined elasticity, in flexion and rotation. This material can for example be a metal, a synthetic material, a composite material such as carbon or polyamide carbon, and possibly comprise additions of fibers or particles making it possible to adapt the elasticity modules in bending and in rotation. The shape of the arms is also chosen so as to allow forward bending, while limiting rearward bending, without completely preventing it.
Comme cela a été discuté précédemment, la rotation du genou entraîne une rotation de la partie inférieure de la jambe. L'élasticité en rotation du bras de liaison 13 autorise d'une part cette rotation et d'autre part, transmet des forces générées par le skieur sur le ski de façon à les diriger. L'élasticité en flexion du bras de liaison 13 limite le déplacement du bras vers l'arrière du ski. Lors de la flexion de la jambe vers l'avant, l'élasticité du bras implique qu'une force est exercée sur l'avant du ski. Ceci permet un très bon contrôle de la direction du ski.As previously discussed, rotation of the knee causes rotation of the lower leg. The elasticity in rotation of the connecting arm 13 allows this rotation on the one hand and on the other hand transmits forces generated by the skier on the ski so as to direct them. The elasticity in bending of the connecting arm 13 limits the movement of the arm towards the rear of the ski. When bending the leg forward, the elasticity of the arm implies that a force is exerted on the front of the ski. This allows very good control of the direction of the ski.
Après un virage, lorsque le skieur se redresse, le bras de liaison élastique libère l'énergie emmagasinée et facilite la reprise de la position initiale. L'élasticité du bras de flexion permet également de supprimer les surpressions inutiles du ski sur le terrain lors du passage de bosses. Avec les chaussures rigides de l'art antérieur, lorsque le skieur heurte une bosse, l'énergie absorbée en partie par la déformation du ski est ensuite transmise au skieur par la chaussure, ce qui a pour conséquence de créer des effets néfastes pouvant freiner brusquement le skieur dans ses évolutions.After a turn, when the skier straightens up, the elastic link arm releases the stored energy and facilitates the recovery of the initial position. The elasticity of the bending arm also makes it possible to eliminate unnecessary pressure from the ski on the ground when passing bumps. With the rigid shoes of the prior art, when the skier hits a bump, the energy absorbed in part by the deformation of the ski is then transmitted to the skier by the shoe, which has the consequence of creating harmful effects which can suddenly brake the skier in his developments.
Pour un skieur débutant ou moyen, l'action de franchir un relief est rendue difficile car lorsque les skis franchissent une bosse, l'énergie est transmise depuis les skis en déformation vers la chaussure qui est rigide et qui renvoie vers la jambe du skieur les efforts et les contraintes. Ces franchissements provoquent un déséquilibre arrière du skieur pouvant entraîner une perte de contrôle des skis et éventuellement une chute.For a beginner or average skier, the action of crossing a relief is made difficult because when the skis cross a bump, the energy is transmitted from the skis in deformation to the boot which is rigid and which returns towards the skier's leg. efforts and constraints. These crossings cause a back imbalance of the skier which can lead to a loss of control of the skis and possibly a fall.
Pour le skieur expérimenté, le franchissement d'un obstacle est souvent compensé par une résistance ou un appui compensatoire sur la languette de la chaussure ce qui a pour effet de créer des surpressions inutiles sous le ski dont les effets directs sont des freinages dans l'évolution. Dans un parcours de compétition, ces freinages par surpression peuvent faire l'objet d'un cumul préjudiciable à la performance finale du skieur.For the experienced skier, the crossing of an obstacle is often compensated by a resistance or a compensatory support on the tongue of the boot which has the effect of creating unnecessary overpressures under the ski whose direct effects are braking in the evolution. In a competition course, this overpressure braking may be the subject of an accumulation which is detrimental to the skier's final performance.
Avec la chaussure selon la présente invention, les déformations simultanées du ski et de la chaussure sont proportionnelles d'où l'avantage pour le skieur débutant ou moyen qui ne subit plus les à-coups des bosses et des reliefs. Le skieur de compétition verra ses performances augmentées grâce à l'absence de surpressions sous les skis facilitant ainsi la glisse avec une meilleure répartition des déformations du ski et de la chaussure simultanément sur les variations de reliefs.With the boot according to the present invention, the simultaneous deformations of the ski and of the boot are proportional, hence the advantage for the beginner or average skier who no longer suffers from bumps and bumps. The competitive skier will see his performances increased thanks to the absence of overpressures under the skis thus facilitating the gliding with a better distribution of the deformations of the ski and the boot simultaneously on the variations of reliefs.
La chaussure 10 comporte également un carter antérieur 15 adapté à la morphologie de la jambe de l'utilisateur. Ce carter est associé à un élément d'appui 23 du genou qui entoure partiellement la partie inférieure du genou. L'élément d'appui 23 peut pivoter par rapport au carter antérieur 15, de façon à soutenir le genou sans provoquer de gêne. Le carter antérieur entoure partiellement la jambe et comporte deux zones latérales 24 qui protègent la partie latérale inférieure du genou.The shoe 10 also includes an anterior casing 15 adapted to the morphology of the user's leg. This casing is associated with a support element 23 of the knee which partially surrounds the lower part of the knee. The support element 23 can pivot relative to the front casing 15, so as to support the knee without causing discomfort. The front casing partially surrounds the leg and has two lateral zones 24 which protect the lower lateral part of the knee.
Les carters postérieur 14 et antérieur 15 sont reliés entre eux au moyen d'une sangle 25 rigide ou élastique ou d'une bande Velcro® par exemple. Cette liaison peut être très souple. Les carters enveloppent la jambe sur une grande surface. La disposition judicieuse des appuis, notamment sur l'arête tibiale et la partie supérieure et latérale du tibia ainsi que sur les faces internes et externes de la base du genou autorise un maintien précis. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire que la liaison soit serrée pour pouvoir transmettre au ski, les mouvements qui permettent de les diriger et l'on évite ainsi toute compression permanente des tissus de la jambe. Le déplacement des os de la jambe et en particulier du péroné n'est pas entravé.The posterior casings 14 and anterior 15 are connected together by means of a rigid or elastic strap 25 or a Velcro® strip for example. This link can be very flexible. The casings cover the leg over a large area. The judicious arrangement of the supports, in particular on the tibial edge and the upper and lateral part of the tibia as well as on the internal and external faces of the base of the knee allows precise support. It is therefore not necessary for the connection to be tight in order to be able to transmit to the ski, the movements which make it possible to direct them, and thereby avoiding any permanent compression of the leg tissues. The movement of the leg bones and in particular of the fibula is not hindered.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré par les figures 2 et 3, la chaussure 10 comporte essentiellement les mêmes éléments que celle illustrée par la figure 1. Ces éléments communs portent les mêmes numéros de référence. La chaussure comporte un châssis 11' n'ayant pas de logements comme dans le cas précédent. Le maintien du chausson sur la base 16 du châssis se fait au moyen d'une vis de fixation 26 vissée sous la semelle du chausson. La chaussure comporte en outre un bras de liaison antérieur 27 associé à un carter antérieur 15. Plus précisément, le bras de liaison antérieur 27 joue également le rôle de carter antérieur 15. Ces deux fonctions sont en effet assurées par la même pièce.In the embodiment illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3, the shoe 10 essentially comprises the same elements as that illustrated by FIG. 1. These common elements have the same reference numbers. The shoe comprises a frame 11 ′ having no housings as in the previous case. The liner is held on the base 16 of the chassis by means of a fixing screw 26 screwed under the sole of the liner. The shoe further comprises an anterior link arm 27 associated with an anterior casing 15. More specifically, the anterior link arm 27 plays also the role of front casing 15. These two functions are in fact provided by the same part.
La position du bras de liaison antérieur 27 est également réglable de façon à s'adapter au mieux à la forme et à la morphologie de l'utilisateur. Ce bras antérieur 27 comporte une zone inférieure qui est séparée en deux languettes 28 disposées de part et d'autre du pied. Ces languettes sont fixées de façon pivotante sur le bras de liaison postérieur.The position of the front link arm 27 is also adjustable so as to best adapt to the shape and morphology of the user. This front arm 27 has a lower zone which is separated into two tongues 28 arranged on either side of the foot. These tabs are pivotally attached to the rear linkage arm.
Comme précédemment, les carters postérieur 14 et antérieur 15 sont reliés entre eux au moyen d'une sangle rigide 25 ou élastique ou d'une bande Velcro® par exemple. Le réglage de la position du carter postérieur se fait au moyen de trous oblongs 29, comme cela peut être vu sur la figure 3.As before, the rear 14 and front 15 casings are interconnected by means of a rigid or elastic strap 25 or a Velcro® strip for example. The position of the rear casing is adjusted by means of oblong holes 29, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré par les figures 4 et 5, la chaussure 10 comporte un bras de liaison postérieur 30 et un bras de liaison antérieur 31. Le bras de liaison postérieur 30 est directement lié au châssis 11 sans être lié au bras de liaison antérieur 31. L'extrémité de ce bras postérieur 30 s'arrête sous le talon. Le bras antérieur se sépare en deux languettes 32 qui pénètrent chacune d'un côté du châssis et qui se terminent sous l'avant des péroniers latéraux. Dans cette réalisation, les trois zones sensibles de la plante du pied, à savoir le talon et les extrémités des deux péroniers, sont proches des zones d'extrémité des bras de liaison. Ceci permet une proprioception particulièrement efficace. Le bras de liaison postérieur 30 est formé de deux lames 30a, 30b, ce qui permet une répartition particulièrement bonne des efforts de torsion et de flexion.In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shoe 10 includes a rear linkage arm 30 and a front linkage arm 31. The rear linkage arm 30 is directly linked to the frame 11 without being linked to the linkage arm anterior 31. The end of this posterior arm 30 stops under the heel. The front arm separates into two tabs 32 which each penetrate one side of the frame and which terminate under the front of the lateral peronaries. In this embodiment, the three sensitive zones of the sole of the foot, namely the heel and the ends of the two peroneums, are close to the end zones of the connecting arms. This allows a particularly effective proprioception. The rear linkage arm 30 is formed of two blades 30a, 30b, which allows a particularly good distribution of the torsional and bending forces.
Le bras de liaison antérieur 31 comporte une zone de réglage 33 qui permet de positionner de façon précise, le carter antérieur 15. Sa position et sa forme sont choisies de telle façon qu'elles s'ajustent au mieux à la morphologie de l'utilisateur. Les carters antérieurs et postérieurs sont liés par une sangle 25. Les figures 6 et 7 illustrent deux variantes dans lesquelles les bras de liaison sont des bras latéraux, c'est-à-dire qu'ils sont liés au châssis 11' par les côtés de celui-ci. De plus, ces bras s'étendent sur les côtés du pied et du bas de la jambe de l'utilisateur.The front link arm 31 has an adjustment zone 33 which allows precise positioning of the front case 15. Its position and shape are chosen so that they best adjust to the morphology of the user. . The front and rear casings are linked by a strap 25. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two variants in which the link arms are side arms, that is to say that they are connected to the frame 11 'by the sides thereof. In addition, these arms extend over the sides of the user's foot and lower leg.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 6, les deux bras latéraux 40, 41 se rejoignent sur l'avant du tibia et sont reliés à ce niveau. La zone de liaison 42 des deux bras supporte un carter antérieur 43 similaire aux carters antérieurs des modes de réalisation précédents. Ce carter antérieur est lié au moyen de sangles 25 à un carter postérieur 44. La liaison entre les bras latéraux 40, 41 et le châssis 11' est réalisée au moyen de goupilles amovibles 45. Ceci permet de séparer totalement l'ensemble comportant les bras de liaison et les carters du châssis. Cette réalisation permet d'offrir une chaussure de ski de randonnées confortable. La jambe de l'utilisateur est liée aux bras de liaison 40, 41 et aux carters. Le chausson est maintenu uniquement sur l'avant du châssis, par exemple au moyen d'une vis ou de tout dispositif de fixation adéquat. L'arrière du chausson n'est pas du tout maintenu, ce qui autorise la marche. Lorsque cette chaussure est utilisée pour descendre en ski, les goupilles 45 sont repositionnées de façon à assurer la liaison du chausson et des bras de liaison avec le châssis.In the embodiment of Figure 6, the two side arms 40, 41 meet on the front of the tibia and are connected at this level. The connection zone 42 of the two arms supports an anterior casing 43 similar to the anterior casings of the previous embodiments. This front casing is connected by means of straps 25 to a rear casing 44. The connection between the lateral arms 40, 41 and the frame 11 ′ is carried out by means of removable pins 45. This makes it possible to completely separate the assembly comprising the arms of connection and the casings of the chassis. This achievement makes it possible to offer a comfortable ski touring boot. The user's leg is linked to the link arms 40, 41 and to the casings. The liner is held only on the front of the chassis, for example by means of a screw or any suitable fastening device. The back of the slipper is not at all maintained, which allows walking. When this shoe is used to descend in skiing, the pins 45 are repositioned so as to ensure the connection of the liner and the link arms with the chassis.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 7, les deux bras de liaison latéraux 50, 51 ne se rejoignent pas et sont disposés sur les côtés de la jambe. Chacun des bras soutient un côté du carter antérieur 43.In the embodiment of Figure 7, the two lateral connecting arms 50, 51 do not meet and are arranged on the sides of the leg. Each of the arms supports one side of the front casing 43.
Dans les deux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, il est à noter que les bras de liaison ne sont pas symétriques. Ces deux bras ont des fonctions légèrement différentes et leur forme est adaptée à ces fonctions. Le bras de liaison latéral interne 41 , 51 est destiné à permettre la prise d'appui lors de la conduite du ski. Il sert également à transmettre la flexion et la rotation de la jambe de l'utilisateur au ski, de façon à permettre sa conduite. Lors des virages, il travaille essentiellement en compression. De ce fait, il doit être relativement rigide. Le bras de liaison latéral externe 40, 50 est essentiellement destiné à limiter la flexion. Il travaille principalement en traction et peut être relativement souple et flottant. Le bras latéral interne pourrait être comparé au tibia, alors que le bras latéral externe pourrait être comparé au péroné.In the two embodiments described above, it should be noted that the link arms are not symmetrical. These two arms have slightly different functions and their shape is adapted to these functions. The internal lateral link arm 41, 51 is intended to allow support to be taken when the ski is being driven. It also serves to transmit the flexion and rotation of the user's leg to the ski, so as to allow it to be driven. When cornering, it works mainly in compression. Therefore, it must be relatively rigid. The external lateral link arm 40, 50 is essentially intended to limit bending. It works mainly in traction and can be relatively flexible and floating. The internal lateral arm could be compared to the tibia, while the external lateral arm could be compared to the fibula.
Les figures 8 à 11 illustrent de façon détaillée, les mouvements latéraux possibles du chausson dans le châssis.Figures 8 to 11 illustrate in detail the possible lateral movements of the liner in the chassis.
En référence aux figures 8A, 8B et 8C, et comme mentionné précédemment, lors de la flexion du genou et de la cheville, le pied se place naturellement dans une position d'éversion ou de valgus. Dans cette position, la plante du pied n'est pas posée à plat, mais elle est légèrement inclinée vers l'extérieur. Inversement, lors de l'extension du genou, le pied se place en position d'inversion ou de varus, dans laquelle le pied est incliné vers l'intérieur.With reference to FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C, and as mentioned previously, when the knee and ankle are bent, the foot naturally places itself in an eversion or valgus position. In this position, the sole of the foot is not laid flat, but it is tilted slightly outward. Conversely, when extending the knee, the foot is placed in the inversion or varus position, in which the foot is inclined inward.
Afin de permettre ce mouvement, le chausson et/ou le châssis comportent des moyens 60' pour autoriser un mouvement, autour d'un axe longitudinal du pied, du chausson par rapport au châssis, ces moyens étant formés par un dispositif 60 de mise en valgus/varus du pied. Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 8A, 8B et 8C, le châssis 11 comporte une semelle 61 sensiblement plane. Le chausson 12 a par contre une semelle 62 légèrement bombée. Elle comporte en fait deux plans inclinés 63, 64 disposés de part et d'autre d'une protubérance 65 suivant l'axe longitudinal du pied. La protubérance et les deux plans inclinés définissent deux espaces 66, 67 entre la semelle du châssis celle du chausson. Ces espaces peuvent être remplis ou non d'une mousse facilement deformable. La protubérance longitudinale 65 fait office de charnière et autorise des mouvements de bascule autour d'un axe longitudinal. Elle peut être constituée d'une barre de torsion, d'une lame deformable, d'un ou plusieurs éléments élastiques tels que des Silentblocs ® ou de tout autre système de liaison flexible. Dans la position illustrée par la figure 8A, les espaces 66, 67 sous chacun des plans inclinés sont sensiblement identiques. Cette position du pied correspond à une position neutre du skieur. Dans la figure 8B, la partie interne de la mousse est écrasée. Le pied est en position de varus. Le chausson repose sur le plan incliné 63 disposé vers le plan de symétrie du skieur. Finalement, dans la figure 8C, la partie externe de la mousse est écrasée. Le pied est en position de valgus. Le chausson repose sur le plan incliné 64 disposé vers l'opposé du plan de symétrie du skieur.In order to allow this movement, the liner and / or the chassis comprise means 60 ′ to allow movement, around a longitudinal axis of the foot, of the liner relative to the chassis, these means being formed by a device 60 for setting valgus / varus of the foot. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C, the chassis 11 has a substantially flat sole 61. The liner 12 on the other hand has a slightly curved sole 62. It in fact comprises two inclined planes 63, 64 arranged on either side of a protuberance 65 along the longitudinal axis of the foot. The protuberance and the two inclined planes define two spaces 66, 67 between the sole of the chassis that of the liner. These spaces can be filled or not with an easily deformable foam. The longitudinal protuberance 65 acts as a hinge and allows rocking movements around a longitudinal axis. It can consist of a torsion bar, a deformable blade, one or more elastic elements such as Silentblocs ® or any other flexible connection system. In the position illustrated in FIG. 8A, the spaces 66, 67 under each of the inclined planes are substantially identical. This position of the foot corresponds to a neutral position of the skier. In FIG. 8B, the internal part of the foam is crushed. The foot is in the varus position. The liner rests on the inclined plane 63 disposed towards the plane of symmetry of the skier. Finally, in Figure 8C, the outer part of the foam is crushed. The foot is in the valgus position. The liner rests on the inclined plane 64 disposed opposite the plane of symmetry of the skier.
Dans le mode de réalisation illustré par la figure 9, la semelle 70 du chausson 12 est plane, alors que la semelle 71 du châssis 11 est légèrement bombée et comporte une protubérance longitudinale 72. Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation est identique au mode de réalisation illustré par les figures 8A à 8C. Toutefois, dans le cas d'un chausson amovible, le fait que la semelle du chausson soit plane est un avantage.In the embodiment illustrated by FIG. 9, the sole 70 of the liner 12 is flat, while the sole 71 of the chassis 11 is slightly curved and has a longitudinal protuberance 72. The operation of this embodiment is identical to the mode of embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8A to 8C. However, in the case of a removable liner, the fact that the sole of the liner is flat is an advantage.
En choisissant la " rigidité " de la mousse introduite dans les espaces définis entre les semelles du châssis et du chausson, de part et d'autre de la protubérance longitudinale 65, 72, il est possible de régler la force nécessaire pour placer le pied en position de valgus ou de varus. Il est également possible de n'autoriser que la position de valgus ou de varus, à l'exclusion de l'autre position. De même, l'angle de valgus/varus peut être réglé par la forme de la protubérance ou de l'une des semelles.By choosing the "rigidity" of the foam introduced into the spaces defined between the soles of the chassis and the liner, on either side of the longitudinal protrusion 65, 72, it is possible to adjust the force necessary to place the foot in position of valgus or varus. It is also possible to allow only the position of valgus or varus, to the exclusion of the other position. Likewise, the angle of valgus / varus can be adjusted by the shape of the protrusion or one of the flanges.
Les figures 10 et 11 illustrent une autre forme de réalisation d'une chaussure selon l'invention, permettant le déplacement en valgus/varus du pied. La semelle du chausson comporte deux protubérances longitudinales 72' formées d'une plate-forme 73' liée au chausson par l'intermédiaire d'une nervure semi-rigide 74' permettant au chausson de légèrement pivoter par rapport à un axe longitudinal de la semelle. Les plates-formes 73' peuvent par exemple être vissées dans le châssis. Comme précédemment, une mousse de remplissage peut être déposée sous la semelle de façon à permettre une bonne liaison entre la chaussure et le ski, et un bon pilotage des skis, sans temps mort ni flottement.Figures 10 and 11 illustrate another embodiment of a shoe according to the invention, allowing movement in valgus / varus of the foot. The sole of the liner has two longitudinal protuberances 72 'formed by a platform 73' linked to the liner by means of a semi-rigid rib 74 'allowing the liner to pivot slightly relative to a longitudinal axis of the sole. . The platforms 73 ′ can for example be screwed into the chassis. As before, a filling foam can be deposited under the sole so as to allow good connection between the boot and the ski, and good steering of the skis, without dead time or flutter.
Dans ce type de construction, le pied et la jambe gardent une grande liberté de mouvements naturels, en flexion et en rotation sans qu'il y ait pour autant de jeu entre la jambe et les carters.In this type of construction, the foot and the leg keep a great freedom of natural movements, in flexion and in rotation without there being so much play between the leg and the casings.
La figure 12 illustre le déplacement du tibia lors d'un virage avec une chaussure selon la présente invention ainsi que la répartition des forces lors de ce virage.FIG. 12 illustrates the displacement of the tibia during a turn with a shoe according to the present invention as well as the distribution of the forces during this turn.
Lorsque le skieur cherche à tourner vers la droite par exemple, il fléchit sa jambe vers l'avant en même temps qu'il tourne le tibia vers la droite. L'axe du tibia est illustré par une flèche 90 dirigée dans la direction que le skieur cherche à atteindre. Ce mouvement de rotation du tibia est possible grâce aux moyens 60' pour permettre un mouvement autour de l'axe longitudinal du pied. Ces déplacements engendrent une force Fx dirigée vers l'avant du ski et une force Fy dirigée sur le côté du ski, vers l'intérieur du virage. La résultante de ces deux forces est dirigée dans la direction que le skieur cherche à atteindre. Il se crée ainsi une force d'appui diagonal avant qui facilite le virage.When the skier tries to turn to the right, for example, he bends his leg forward at the same time as he turns the tibia to the right. The axis of the tibia is illustrated by an arrow 90 directed in the direction that the skier seeks to reach. This rotational movement of the tibia is possible thanks to the means 60 ′ to allow movement around the longitudinal axis of the foot. These displacements generate a force F x directed towards the front of the ski and a force F y directed towards the side of the ski, towards the inside of the turn. The result of these two forces is directed in the direction that the skier seeks to reach. This creates a forward diagonal support force which facilitates the turn.
Dans les chaussures de l'art antérieur, la force Fx dirigée vers l'avant existe toujours. Par contre, la force latérale est obtenue par un mouvement de la jambe de côté qui permet d'obtenir la mise sur la carre du ski. Comme les mouvements du bas de la jambe ne sont pas possibles avec les chaussures de l'art antérieur, ce déplacement de la jambe sur le côté se fait en déséquilibre.In the shoes of the prior art, the force F x directed towards the front always exists. On the other hand, the lateral force is obtained by a movement of the side leg which makes it possible to obtain the setting on the edge of the ski. As the movements of the lower leg are not possible with the shoes of the prior art, this movement of the leg on the side is made out of balance.
La figure 13 illustre la répartition des forces lors d'un déséquilibre arrière du skieur. Le bras de liaison permet un léger déséquilibre arrière tout en générant une force vers l'avant qui aide le skieur à reprendre une position correcte. L'axe 90 du tibia peut également pivoter selon un angle qui dépend de la position du skieur. Dans tous les cas, la position de l'ensemble de la jambe et en particulier du pied et du bas de la jambe est une position naturelle, ce qui permet d'exploiter tous les muscles. Ceci facilite le rattrapage et évite en grande partie les ruptures ligamentaires et osseuses lors de chutes arrières en torsion.Figure 13 illustrates the distribution of forces during a rear imbalance of the skier. The link arm allows a slight rear imbalance while generating a forward force which helps the skier to return to a correct position. The axis 90 of the tibia can also pivot at an angle which depends of the skier's position. In all cases, the position of the entire leg and in particular of the foot and lower leg is a natural position, which allows to exploit all the muscles. This facilitates catching up and largely avoids ligament and bone ruptures during rear torsional falls.
La figure 14 est une vue en coupe d'un châssis 11 et d'un chausson 12 mobile dans ce châssis. Le chausson comporte sur sa partie arrière, un épaulement 80. Le châssis comporte une butée 81 coopérant avec l'épaulement 80 du chausson, de façon à autoriser le mouvement vertical de l'arrière du chausson sur une distance prédéfinie, fortement agrandie sur la figure, sans qu'il soit complètement libre. Ce maintien avec jeu permet au pied d'effectuer un mouvement naturel d'extension, comme cela est décrit ci- dessus. L'épaulement 80 ou la butée 81 peuvent en outre avoir une forme légèrement incurvée de façon à permettre une petite rotation angulaire du pied par rapport à un axe longitudinal.Figure 14 is a sectional view of a frame 11 and a liner 12 movable in this frame. The boot has on its rear part, a shoulder 80. The chassis has a stop 81 cooperating with the shoulder 80 of the boot, so as to allow vertical movement of the back of the boot over a predefined distance, greatly enlarged in the figure , without it being completely free. This support with play allows the foot to perform a natural movement of extension, as described above. The shoulder 80 or the stop 81 may also have a slightly curved shape so as to allow a small angular rotation of the foot relative to a longitudinal axis.
La figure 15 illustre un mode de réalisation dans lequel le chausson 12 est fixé au châssis 11', par exemple au moyen de deux vis 85, 86. Le châssis n'est pas totalement rigide, ce qui permet au châssis et au chausson de "suivre" la déformation du ski 87. Ceci évite que, comme lors de l'utilisation de chaussures de ski rigides conventionnelles, la déformation du ski exerce des efforts sur les fixations 88, ce qui peut entraîner un décrochement de la fixation même en l'absence de chute. La tête de la vis arrière 86 peut comporter un certain jeu par rapport au logement dans lequel elle est placée, ce qui permet également un mouvement de valgus/varus du pied.FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment in which the liner 12 is fixed to the chassis 11 ′, for example by means of two screws 85, 86. The chassis is not completely rigid, which allows the chassis and the liner to " follow "the deformation of the ski 87. This avoids that, as when using conventional rigid ski boots, the deformation of the ski exerts forces on the bindings 88, which can cause a detachment of the binding even when no fall. The head of the rear screw 86 may have a certain play with respect to the housing in which it is placed, which also allows movement of the valgus / varus of the foot.
La figure 16 illustre une variante de la chaussure selon l'invention, similaire à la chaussure de la figure 1. Dans cette variante, le bras de liaison 13 représenté comme une lame élastique est introduit dans le châssis 11'. Il est placé sous la semelle du chausson 12 et pénètre dans le châssis. L'élasticité du bras de liaison 13 ainsi que son positionnement par rapport au châssis et son mode de fixation dans ce châssis permettent au talon d'effectuer un mouvement vertical qui suit les déformations du bras. Ceci autorise, comme précédemment, un mouvement naturel de la jambe de l'utilisateur. Ce mode de réalisation est avantageux par le fait que les déplacements du talon et ceux du bras de liaison et par conséquent des carters sont liés. Les carters restent donc toujours dans la position appropriée, quels que soient les mouvements du talon.FIG. 16 illustrates a variant of the shoe according to the invention, similar to the shoe of FIG. 1. In this variant, the link arm 13 shown as an elastic blade is introduced into the chassis 11 '. It is placed under the sole of the bootie 12 and enters the chassis. The elasticity of the link arm 13 as well as its positioning relative to the chassis and its method of attachment in this frame allows the heel to perform a vertical movement which follows the deformations of the arm. This allows, as before, a natural movement of the user's leg. This embodiment is advantageous in that the displacements of the heel and those of the link arm and consequently of the housings are linked. The housings therefore always remain in the appropriate position, whatever the movements of the heel.
Selon une variante, le talon du chausson 12 est solidaire du châssis 11' et n'accompagne pas les mouvements du bras de liaison 13. Dans ce cas, un espace doit être préservé entre le chausson et le bras fixé dans le châssis. Dans les deux cas, le mouvement autour d'un axe longitudinal du pied est préservé.According to a variant, the heel of the liner 12 is integral with the chassis 11 'and does not accompany the movements of the connecting arm 13. In this case, a space must be preserved between the liner and the arm fixed in the chassis. In both cases, the movement around a longitudinal axis of the foot is preserved.
Les figures 17 et 18 illustrent un mode de réalisation particulier d'un bras de liaison 13' selon l'invention. Ce bras de liaison se divise en deux branches 91 dans son tiers supérieur. Ce bras permet de résoudre les problèmes liés aux chaussures comportant un bras de liaison tels que cités dans l'art antérieur. Dans sa flexion maximale, la cuisse vient toucher les muscles du mollet (triceps). Si un élément représenté comme un levier postérieur se prolonge au dessus du tiers inférieur du mollet, il y a un risque de conflit de l'élément entre le triceps et les muscles ischio jambiers de la cuisse lors d'une flexion maximale. Ce type de flexion est fréquente chez les skieurs en déséquilibre arrière, tel que les débutants et les skieurs appréhendant la pente. Les skieurs de compétition sont également sujets à ce type de position de déséquilibre ou de rattrapage.Figures 17 and 18 illustrate a particular embodiment of a connecting arm 13 'according to the invention. This link arm is divided into two branches 91 in its upper third. This arm makes it possible to solve the problems associated with shoes comprising a link arm as mentioned in the prior art. In its maximum flexion, the thigh comes to touch the calf muscles (triceps). If an element represented as a posterior lever extends above the lower third of the calf, there is a risk of conflict of the element between the triceps and the hamstring muscles of the thigh during maximum flexion. This type of flexion is common in skiers with rear imbalance, such as beginners and skiers apprehending the slope. Competitive skiers are also subject to this type of imbalance or catch-up position.
La présente configuration du bras de liaison 13' respecte le principe d'avoir un point d'appui au dessus de la partie médiane du tibia. Les bras de liaison se terminent par deux branches latérales 91 sur lequel est attaché le carter postérieur 14'. Ce carter peut être mobile ou intégré dans la construction de la chaussure. Le carter antérieur 15', fixé directement aux branches externes du bras de liaison, ou libre et fixé aux bras de liaison au moyen d'une sangle ou d'un collier. Pour éviter les effets de parallélogramme qui peuvent gêner le maintien de la jambe lors des flexions, les deux carters ou le collier de tenue de la jambe sont attachés ensemble sur deux axes 92, 93, disposés sur les parties latérales supérieures du bras de liaison. Ils améliorent la mobilité de la jambe et des carters en flexion sans sacrifier à sa tenue.The present configuration of the link arm 13 'respects the principle of having a fulcrum above the middle part of the tibia. The link arms end in two lateral branches 91 to which the rear casing 14 'is attached. This housing can be mobile or integrated into the construction of the shoe. The front casing 15 ′, fixed directly to the external branches of the link arm, or free and fixed to the link arms by means of a strap or a collar. To avoid the parallelogram effects which can hinder the maintenance of the leg during flexions, the two casings or the leg holding collar are attached together on two axes 92, 93, arranged on the upper lateral parts of the link arm. They improve the mobility of the leg and the casings in flexion without sacrificing its holding.
La figure 19 représente une chaussure pouvant s'apparenter, dans son esthétique, ses proportions et ses volumes à une botte de motocross dont la particularité est d'intégrer les fonctions décrites dans l'invention, à savoir:FIG. 19 represents a shoe which can be likened, in its aesthetics, its proportions and its volumes, to a motocross boot whose particularity is to integrate the functions described in the invention, namely:
- un châssis rigide 11- a rigid chassis 11
- un ou plusieurs bras de liaison 13 - un ensemble de carters 14, 15 de maintien réglables en hauteur et en volume- one or more link arms 13 - a set of housings 14, 15 for adjustable height and volume
- une liaison du chausson 12 sur le châssis permettant des mouvements contrôlés de valgus/varus du pied- a connection of the bootie 12 on the chassis allowing controlled movements of the valgus / varus of the foot
- une mobilité en rotation de l'ensemble des carters proportionnelle à la rotation naturelle de la jambe.- a rotational mobility of all the casings proportional to the natural rotation of the leg.
Le chausson 12 est monté dans le châssis 11 de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe longitudinal du pied. Pour ceci, un espace 100 est ménagé entre le bord supérieur du châssis et le chausson. Afin de rendre l'ensemble étanche, cet espace peut être rempli d'une mousse facilement deformable ou recouvert d'une bande de matière assurant l'étanchéité.The liner 12 is mounted in the frame 11 so as to be able to pivot around a longitudinal axis of the foot. For this, a space 100 is provided between the upper edge of the chassis and the liner. In order to make the assembly watertight, this space can be filled with easily deformable foam or covered with a strip of material ensuring sealing.
Cette chaussure comporte en outre des moyens 101 de réglage de la position initiale du bras de liaison 13. Le positionnement du bras de liaison permet de s'adapter au volume du mollet de l'utilisateur, de telle façon que quelle que soit le volume du mollet, la jambe est dans une position confortable. L'angle formé par le bras par rapport à une verticale peut par exemple être de 10°, 13° et 16° dans trois positions possibles de moyens de réglage. Ces moyens de réglage 101 peuvent par exemple comporter un excentrique. La chaussure peut également comporter un dispositif 102 de libération du bras facilitant la marche. Ce dispositif autorise un certain jeu au bas du bras de liaison 13. Il est par exemple également formé d'un excentrique qui peut être placé dans deux positions telles que représentées par la figure 19.This shoe further comprises means 101 for adjusting the initial position of the link arm 13. The positioning of the link arm makes it possible to adapt to the volume of the user's calf, so that whatever the volume of the calf, leg is in a comfortable position. The angle formed by the arm relative to a vertical can for example be 10 °, 13 ° and 16 ° in three possible positions of adjustment means. These adjustment means 101 may for example include an eccentric. The shoe may also include an arm release device 102 facilitating walking. This device allows a certain clearance at the bottom of the link arm 13. It is for example also formed of an eccentric which can be placed in two positions as shown in FIG. 19.
Finalement, cette chaussure peut comporter une tige montante 103 et intégrer des organes de protection contre l'eau et le froid. Cette tige doit impérativement être souple de façon à ne pas entraver les mouvements de la jambe. Elle peut intégrer des surépaisseurs 104 permettant de protéger l'utilisateur contre des chocs et des coupures. La chaussure peut intégrer ces différents composants de façon à former un ensemble homogène ayant l'aspect d'une botte.Finally, this shoe may include a rising upper 103 and integrate bodies for protection against water and cold. This rod must imperatively be flexible so as not to impede the movements of the leg. It can incorporate extra thicknesses 104 making it possible to protect the user against shocks and cuts. The shoe can integrate these different components so as to form a homogeneous whole having the appearance of a boot.
Finalement, la figure 20 représente une application de la chaussure selon l'invention réalisée sous la forme d'une chaussure 110 de patin à roulettes. Comme dans les exemples précédents, cette chaussure permet d'effectuer des mouvements respectant totalement les mouvements physiologiques.Finally, FIG. 20 represents an application of the shoe according to the invention produced in the form of a shoe 110 for roller skating. As in the previous examples, this shoe allows movements to be made that fully respect physiological movements.
Le chausson peut être fixé au châssis ou être simplement posé dans celui-ci, sans liaison rigide avec lui. Dans ce cas, la jambe et le ski sont uniquement maintenus par les bras de liaison. Cette réalisation présente deux avantages importants. Le skieur peut utiliser pratiquement n'importe quel chausson qui entre dans le châssis. Il peut donc choisir des chaussons dans lesquels il est particulièrement à l'aise. D'autre part, le pied n'est pas bloqué en rotation. Cela permet au pied d'effectuer une rotation autour de l'axe vertical (Y) qui est liée de façon naturelle à une rotation du genou.The liner can be attached to the chassis or simply placed therein, without rigid connection to it. In this case, the leg and the ski are only held by the link arms. This achievement has two important advantages. The skier can use almost any boot that fits into the chassis. He can therefore choose slippers in which he is particularly comfortable. On the other hand, the foot is not blocked in rotation. This allows the foot to rotate around the vertical axis (Y) which is naturally linked to a rotation of the knee.
Afin d'adopter une position naturelle, les bords intérieurs des deux pieds ne sont pas rigoureusement parallèles lorsque les skis sont parallèles. Au contraire, ils sont légèrement écartés vers l'avant de façon à former un angle de quelques degrés vers l'extérieur. Le but de cet angle est de favoriser le mouvement de roulis du calcanéum sur l'astragale ce qui facilite la mise en valgus/varus de la zone de l'arrière pied et par conséquent le mouvement naturel de prono-supination.In order to adopt a natural position, the inner edges of the two feet are not strictly parallel when the skis are parallel. At on the contrary, they are slightly moved forward so as to form an angle of a few degrees towards the outside. The purpose of this angle is to promote the rolling movement of the calcaneus on the talus which facilitates the valgus / varus of the hindfoot area and therefore the natural movement of pronosupination.
La présente chaussure offre une liaison parfaite entre la jambe et le ski. Cette liaison se fait sans compression, sur une surface relativement importante. Elle ne provoque donc pas de douleurs comme dans le cas de chaussures rigides. D'autre part, cette liaison autorise tous les mouvements naturels de la jambe et du pied. Ceci a pour avantage de limiter les risques de lésions, d'augmenter le confort du skieur et d'améliorer de façon essentielle la proprioception. La chaussure forme un "exosquelette autoportant" qui n'entrave d'aucune manière les mouvements de l'utilisateur. Les mouvements de l'utilisateur sont intégralement transmis du squelette interne de l'utilisateur à cet "exosquelette" qui est lié au ski de façon à le diriger.The present shoe offers a perfect connection between the leg and the ski. This connection is made without compression, over a relatively large area. It therefore does not cause pain as in the case of rigid shoes. On the other hand, this link allows all natural movements of the leg and foot. This has the advantage of limiting the risk of injury, increasing the comfort of the skier and essentially improving proprioception. The shoe forms a "self-supporting exoskeleton" which in no way impedes the movements of the user. The user's movements are completely transmitted from the internal skeleton of the user to this "exoskeleton" which is linked to the ski so as to direct it.
L'élasticité du ski, des bras de liaison et éventuellement du châssis offre une liberté totale de la flexion de la cheville. Ainsi, avec la chaussure selon l'invention, la déformation du ski sur un obstacle, combinée à la flexion des bras de liaison ne provoque plus de points durs sur le tibia, donc de déséquilibres habituellement liés à l'effet de points d'appui et permet d'absorber le relief en offrant un confort maximal. Avec des chaussures rigides conventionnelles, lorsque le ski bute sur un obstacle, il se déforme et l'énergie est directement restituée sur la jambe de l'utilisateur. Ce dernier, du fait du freinage violent et de l'accélération du corps vers l'avant, puis de la compensation vers l'arrière, se fait souvent déséquilibrer vers l'arrière. La chaussure selon l'invention a une fonction d'amortisseur.The elasticity of the ski, of the link arms and possibly of the chassis provides total freedom in bending the ankle. Thus, with the shoe according to the invention, the deformation of the ski on an obstacle, combined with the bending of the link arms no longer causes hard points on the tibia, therefore imbalances usually linked to the effect of support points. and absorbs the relief while providing maximum comfort. With conventional rigid boots, when the ski hits an obstacle, it deforms and the energy is directly restored to the user's leg. The latter, due to the severe braking and acceleration of the body forward, then compensation to the rear, is often unbalanced backwards. The shoe according to the invention has a shock absorbing function.
Une telle chaussure, grâce à l'effet souple dynamique du bras de liaison, aide la jambe à tolérer de grands efforts en torsion lors des chutes. En particulier, lors de chutes arrière, le débattement, la souplesse en flexion et la tolérance contrôlée en rotation, offrent à la jambe une meilleure possibilité pour résister aux lésions et rupture ligamentaires, notamment aux ruptures des ligaments du genou qui se produisent dans plus du tiers des accidents de ski.Such a shoe, thanks to the dynamic flexible effect of the link arm, helps the leg to tolerate great torsional forces during falls. In particular, during rear falls, the travel, flexibility in bending and tolerance Controlled in rotation, offer the leg a better possibility to resist ligament injuries and ruptures, in particular ruptures of the knee ligaments which occur in more than a third of skiing accidents.
Le temps de résistance de la force maximale de la jambe est rallongé et évite les effets de cisaillement dus à des efforts violents et brusques tels qu'ils se produisent dans les chaussures de l'art antérieur.The resistance time of the maximum force of the leg is lengthened and avoids the shearing effects due to violent and abrupt forces such as they occur in the shoes of the prior art.
L'existence d'une liberté de flexion en arrière permet de mettre à contribution le système musculaire ischio-jambier et les loges musculaires de la jambe et du pied, ce système musculaire étant capable de protéger les structures ligamentaires passives lors d'un déséquilibre ou d'une chute.The existence of a backward flexion allows the hamstring muscular system and the muscular compartments of the leg and foot to be used, this muscular system being capable of protecting the passive ligament structures during an imbalance or from a fall.
Un autre facteur reconnu de blessure à ski est l'accident en torsion et/ou déviation frontale. Le raisonnement concernant la flexion extension (mouvement dans le plan sagittal) et leur contrôle selon le type de chaussure est aussi valable dans la plan frontal (varus valgus).Another recognized factor of ski injury is the accident in torsion and / or frontal deviation. The reasoning concerning extension flexion (movement in the sagittal plane) and their control according to the type of shoe is also valid in the frontal plane (varus valgus).
Dans le plan horizontal, le fait de libérer les mouvement d'inversion éversion du pied autorise la rotation du tibia sur le pied fixe alors que ce n'est pas le cas du tout dans les chaussures de l'art antérieur. La moindre contrainte en rotation du fémur par rapport au système chaussure ski doit être absorbée par le genou ou la fixation.In the horizontal plane, the fact of releasing the inversion eversion movements of the foot authorizes the rotation of the tibia on the fixed foot whereas this is not the case at all in the shoes of the prior art. The slightest constraint in rotation of the femur in relation to the ski boot system must be absorbed by the knee or the binding.
Si le genou est fléchi au delà de 45 degrés, la liberté de rotation de celui-ci est de 30 à 40 degrés et la composante rotatoire des muscles ischio-jambiers est maximale. Par contre, plus on se rapproche de l'extension, plus le degré de liberté en rotation du genou diminue pour devenir nulle en extension complète. La composante rotatoire des muscles ischio-jambiers diminue également, donc leur capacité à empêcher la torsion du fémur sur le tibia. Seules les structures osseuses et ligamentaires peuvent assurer ce rôle d'où la fréquence des lésions des ligaments croisés antérieurs, des ligaments tibio- péroniers ou des fractures spiroides du tibia.If the knee is bent beyond 45 degrees, the freedom to rotate it is 30 to 40 degrees and the rotational component of the hamstrings is maximum. On the other hand, the more one approaches the extension, the more the degree of freedom in rotation of the knee decreases to become zero in full extension. The rotational component of the hamstrings also decreases, therefore their ability to prevent torsion of the femur on the tibia. Only the bone and ligament structures can fulfill this role, hence the frequency of damage to the anterior cruciate ligaments, the tibio- ligaments. peroneal or spiroid fractures of the tibia.
Avec les chaussures selon la présente invention, la liberté de rotation du complexe ski chaussure sous le genou est plus grande qu'avec les chaussures de l'art antérieur, et ce mouvement est contrôlé par les muscles de la jambe et du pied (péroniers et jambiers). Ce facteur est un élément de protection considérable des structures passives tels que ligaments et os du membre inférieur.With the boots according to the present invention, the freedom of rotation of the ski boot complex under the knee is greater than with the boots of the prior art, and this movement is controlled by the muscles of the leg and of the foot (peroneal and leggings). This factor is a considerable protective element of passive structures such as ligaments and bones of the lower limb.
Comme la chaussure est composée de différents éléments indépendants, chacun des éléments peut être adapté à la morphologie du skieur ainsi qu'à ses aptitudes. Il est donc possible de choisir chacun des éléments parmi une série d'éléments standards de façon à former une chaussure sur mesure.As the boot is made up of different independent elements, each of the elements can be adapted to the skier's morphology as well as to his abilities. It is therefore possible to choose each of the elements from a series of standard elements so as to form a custom shoe.
L'utilisation de bras de liaison rend la chaussure dynamique. Le ou les bras peuvent emmagasiner de l'énergie et la restituer lors des mouvements de flexion et d'extension du skieur.The use of link arms makes the shoe dynamic. The arm (s) can store energy and restore it during the skier's flexion and extension movements.
La forme des bras de liaison permet également d'emmagasiner de l'énergie lors de mouvements de torsion. Lors de la flexion du genou, la partie inférieure de la jambe subit une torsion qui est transmise aux bras de liaison. Ceci permet d'emmagasiner de l'énergie qui est restituée lors d'un virage par exemple, ce qui facilite la conduite des skis. Les carters garantissent que les mouvements de torsion de la jambe sont entièrement transmis à la chaussure, faute de quoi, les skis seraient difficiles à diriger et la cheville devrait compenser les efforts non transmis.The shape of the link arms also makes it possible to store energy during torsional movements. When bending the knee, the lower part of the leg undergoes a twist which is transmitted to the link arms. This allows to store energy which is restored during a turn for example, which facilitates the driving of skis. The casings guarantee that the twisting movements of the leg are fully transmitted to the shoe, otherwise the skis would be difficult to steer and the ankle would have to compensate for the non-transmitted forces.
La chaussure selon la présente invention est particulièrement confortable, elle permet de diriger les skis de façon optimale et elle limite fortement les risques de rupture des os de la partie inférieure de la jambe. De plus, l'utilisateur garde une excellente sensibilité, ce qui facilite le maintien de l'équilibre. Ceci facilite également l'apprentissage du ski. La fonction combinée de la mise en valgus du pied sur le châssis et de la rotation des carters entraînent un effet d'appui diagonal. Cet appui combiné d'une force vers l'avant et sur le côté est recherchée par tous les skieurs, mais, avec les chaussures de l'art antérieur, l'effort se décompose en deux mouvements distincts : l'un vers l'avant pour obtenir une charge sur l'avant du ski lors de l'initiation du virage, un mouvement de la jambe sur le côté pour obtenir la mise sur la carre du ski et ainsi cramponner la neige.The shoe according to the present invention is particularly comfortable, it makes it possible to direct the skis optimally and it greatly limits the risks of breaking the bones of the lower leg. In addition, the user maintains excellent sensitivity, which makes it easier to maintain balance. This also facilitates learning to ski. The combined function of putting the foot in the valgus on the chassis and rotating the casings results in a diagonal support effect. This combined support of a force forwards and to the side is sought by all skiers, but, with the shoes of the prior art, the effort is broken down into two distinct movements: one forwards to obtain a load on the front of the ski during the initiation of the turn, a movement of the leg on the side to obtain the setting on the edge of the ski and thus grip the snow.
Avec la présente invention, lors de la flexion du skieur, le mouvement de valgus ou varus du pied est combiné à la rotation naturelle de la jambe. Il en découle un appui diagonal avant orienté vers la direction que le skieur souhaite atteindre. De ce fait, la mise en virage est instantanée et le pilotage en courbe est plus précis. Le skieur est plus en avance dans sa gestuelle et n'a plus besoin de se concentrer à la fois sur l'appui avant et dans le même temps sur l'appui latéral.With the present invention, when the skier flexes, the movement of the valgus or varus of the foot is combined with the natural rotation of the leg. This results in a forward diagonal support oriented towards the direction the skier wishes to reach. As a result, turning is instantaneous and cornering steering is more precise. The skier is more advanced in his gestures and no longer needs to focus both on the front support and at the same time on the lateral support.
Une telle chaussure est un atout considérable dans les phases d'apprentissage du ski. Les efforts en pivotement du ski sont facilités grâce à l'effet de levier et grâce aux mouvements physiologiques respectés des articulations et des muscles du pied, de la cheville et de la jambe. Ainsi, les skis modernes a échancrures marqués trouvent avec cette chaussure un véritable " volant " ou une "direction assistée" pour les diriger.Such a shoe is a considerable asset in the learning phases of skiing. The pivoting efforts of the ski are facilitated by the lever effect and by the respected physiological movements of the joints and muscles of the foot, ankle and leg. Thus, modern skis with marked notches find with this shoe a real "steering wheel" or "power steering" to steer them.
L'emmagasinement de l'énergie fournie par le skieur lors de la contrainte est restituée de façon proportionnelle à l'effort de ce dernier. Lors de petits virages serrés nécessitant une bonne dynamique, le travail du matériau permet d'économiser les efforts. Lors de grands virages demandant une dynamique de restitution des forces d'appuis plus progressive et sans temps mort, la chaussure restitue également de façon proportionnelle l'énergie. La chaussure a essentiellement été décrite dans une application comme chaussure de ski. La même chaussure pourrait également être utilisée dans d'autres sports, et par exemple comme chaussure de patin à roulettes ou de patin à glace notamment. Elle peut également être utilisée pour le ski de randonnée, le ski de fond ou le surf des neiges selon divers modes de construction.The storage of the energy supplied by the skier during the stress is restored in proportion to the effort of the latter. During small tight turns requiring good dynamics, the work of the material saves efforts. During long turns requiring more dynamic restitution of support forces without dead time, the shoe also restores energy proportionally. The boot has essentially been described in an application as a ski boot. The same shoe could also be used in other sports, and for example as a roller skate shoe or an ice skate shoe in particular. It can also be used for ski touring, cross-country skiing or snowboarding according to various construction methods.
Divers modes de réalisation de carters de maintien permettent de transférer les forces directement de la jambe au ski par le bras de liaison, ces divers modes de réalisation sont réglables tant au niveau des volumes de jambes qu'au niveau de la mobilité en rotation par leur liaison avec le bras. Various embodiments of retaining housings make it possible to transfer the forces directly from the leg to the ski by the link arm, these various embodiments are adjustable both in terms of leg volumes and in terms of rotational mobility by their link with the arm.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Chaussure de sport, notamment de ski alpin, de randonnée, de fond, de surf des neiges, de patin à roulettes ou de patin à glace, comportant un châssis rigide disposé en dessous de la cheville de l'utilisateur et définissant au moins un logement (18, 19) dans lequel est placé un chausson (12) recevant le pied de l'utilisateur et coopérant avec ce châssis (11 , 11'), au moins un bras de liaison (13, 13', 27, 30, 31 , 40, 41 , 50, 51) entre le châssis et une jambe de l'utilisateur, et au moins un carter (14, 14', 15) agencé pour lier de façon ferme la jambe de l'utilisateur au bras de liaison, caractérisée en ce que le châssis (11 , 11') comporte des moyens (60') pour autoriser un mouvement, autour d'un axe longitudinal du pied, du chausson (12) par rapport au châssis.1) Sports shoe, in particular alpine skiing, hiking, cross-country, snowboarding, roller skating or ice skating, comprising a rigid frame placed below the ankle of the user and defining at least a housing (18, 19) in which is placed a liner (12) receiving the foot of the user and cooperating with this frame (11, 11 '), at least one link arm (13, 13', 27, 30 , 31, 40, 41, 50, 51) between the chassis and a leg of the user, and at least one casing (14, 14 ', 15) arranged to firmly connect the leg of the user to the arm of connection, characterized in that the chassis (11, 11 ') comprises means (60') for allowing movement, around a longitudinal axis of the foot, of the liner (12) relative to the chassis.
2) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les moyens (60') pour permettre un mouvement du chausson (12) autour d'un axe longitudinal comportent au moins une protubérance longitudinale (65, 72, 72') disposée entre le chausson (12) et le châssis (11 ,11'), sous le chausson.2) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (60 ') for allowing movement of the boot (12) around a longitudinal axis comprise at least one longitudinal protuberance (65, 72, 72') disposed between the liner (12) and the frame (11, 11 '), under the liner.
3) Chaussure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la protubérance longitudinale (65) est solidaire du chausson (12).3) Shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal protuberance (65) is integral with the liner (12).
4) Chaussure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la protubérance longitudinale (72) est solidaire du châssis (11 ,11').4) Shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal protuberance (72) is integral with the frame (11, 11 ').
5) Chaussure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (60') pour permettre un mouvement du chausson autour d'un axe longitudinal comportent deux protubérances longitudinales (72') formées d'une plate- forme (73') liée au chausson par l'intermédiaire d'une nervure (74') plane semi-rigide alignée avec ledit axe longitudinal. 6) Chaussure selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la protubérance longitudinale (65, 72, 72') disposée entre le chausson et le châssis définit des espaces (66, 67) de part et d'autre de cette protubérance, ces espaces étant remplis d'une matière souple.5) Shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that the means (60 ') to allow movement of the boot around a longitudinal axis comprise two longitudinal protrusions (72') formed by a platform (73 ') linked to the liner by means of a semi-rigid plane rib (74 ′) aligned with said longitudinal axis. 6) Shoe according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal protuberance (65, 72, 72 ') disposed between the liner and the frame defines spaces (66, 67) on either side of this protuberance, these spaces being filled with a flexible material.
7) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le châssis (11, 11') comporte des moyens pour autoriser un mouvement vertical de l'arrière du chausson (12) par rapport au châssis.7) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the chassis (11, 11 ') comprises means for allowing vertical movement of the rear of the liner (12) relative to the chassis.
8) Chaussure selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour autoriser un mouvement vertical de l'arrière du chausson (12) comportent un épaulement (80) disposé sur le chausson et une butée (81) formée dans le châssis (11).8) Shoe according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for allowing a vertical movement of the rear of the liner (12) comprise a shoulder (80) disposed on the liner and a stop (81) formed in the frame (11 ).
9) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un carter postérieur (14, 14', 44) agencé pour être adapté à la morphologie du mollet de l'utilisateur, et un carter antérieur (15, 43) agencé pour être adapté à la morphologie du plateau tibial de l'utilisateur, au moins l'un des carters étant lié au bras de liaison (13, 13', 27, 30, 31 , 40, 41 , 50, 51).9) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a rear casing (14, 14 ', 44) arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's calf, and a front casing (15, 43) arranged to be adapted to the morphology of the user's tibial plateau, at least one of the casings being linked to the link arm (13, 13 ', 27, 30, 31, 40, 41, 50, 51).
10) Chaussure selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le carter antérieur (15) comporte un élément d'appui (23) du genou, agencé pour être en contact avec le genou de l'utilisateur.10) Shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that the front housing (15) comprises a support element (23) of the knee, arranged to be in contact with the knee of the user.
11) Chaussure selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le carter (14, 14', 15) fixé au bras de liaison est mobile en rotation sur une plage angulaire donnée, autour dudit bras de liaison.11) Shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that the housing (14, 14 ', 15) fixed to the link arm is movable in rotation over a given angular range, around said link arm.
12) Chaussure selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens de réglage du volume compris entre le carter postérieur et le carter antérieur. 13) Chaussure selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens de réglage (33) de la hauteur du carter antérieur (15) et/ou du carter postérieur (14).12) Shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting the volume between the rear housing and the front housing. 13) Shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises adjustment means (33) of the height of the front housing (15) and / or the rear housing (14).
14) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le bras de liaison (13, 31) a une extrémité disposée à proximité de l'extrémité des muscles péroniers.14) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting arm (13, 31) has one end disposed near the end of the peroneal muscles.
15) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le bras de liaison (30) a une extrémité disposée à proximité du talon.15) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the link arm (30) has one end disposed near the heel.
16) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte deux bras de liaison (13, 13', 27, 30, 31 , 40, 41 , 50, 51).16) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two connecting arms (13, 13 ', 27, 30, 31, 40, 41, 50, 51).
17) Chaussure selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'un des bras de liaison (13, 13', 30, 31) est disposé vers l'arrière du chausson (12).17) Shoe according to claim 16, characterized in that at least one of the connecting arms (13, 13 ', 30, 31) is disposed towards the rear of the boot (12).
18) Chaussure selon la revendication 17, caractérisée en ce que les deux bras de liaison (40, 41 , 50, 51) sont disposés sur les côtés du chausson (12).18) Shoe according to claim 17, characterized in that the two connecting arms (40, 41, 50, 51) are arranged on the sides of the liner (12).
19) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le bras de liaison est disposé entre le chausson (12) et le châssis (11).19) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the link arm is disposed between the liner (12) and the frame (11).
20) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le bras de liaison (30) est formé d'au moins deux lames (30a, 30b) superposées.20) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the link arm (30) is formed of at least two blades (30a, 30b) superimposed.
21) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le chausson (12) est amovible dans le châssis (11 ,11').21) Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner (12) is removable in the frame (11, 11 ').
22) Chaussure selon la revendication 1 , utilisée comme chaussure de ski, caractérisée en ce que les chaussons (12) sont placés dans les châssis (11 ,11') de telle façon que, lorsque les skis (87) sont parallèles, le bord d'un chausson, disposé vers le plan de symétrie du corps de l'utilisateur, forme un angle ouvert vers l'avant avec le bord correspondant de l'autre chausson. 22) Shoe according to claim 1, used as a ski boot, characterized in that the slippers (12) are placed in the frames (11, 11 ') so that, when the skis (87) are parallel, the edge of a liner, disposed towards the plane of symmetry of the body of the user, forms an open angle forward with the corresponding edge of the other slipper.
EP00922407A 1999-05-17 2000-05-17 Sports shoe, especially for downhill skiing, ski-touring, cross-country skiing, snowboarding Expired - Lifetime EP1178744B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9906443 1999-05-17
FR9906443A FR2793660B1 (en) 1999-05-17 1999-05-17 SPORTS SHOE, ESPECIALLY ALPINE SKIING, HIKING, CROSS COUNTRY, SNOW SURFING, SKATE SKATING OR ICE SKATING
PCT/CH2000/000271 WO2000069297A2 (en) 1999-05-17 2000-05-17 Sports shoe, especially for downhill skiing, ski-touring, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, roller-skating or ice-skating

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1178744A2 true EP1178744A2 (en) 2002-02-13
EP1178744B1 EP1178744B1 (en) 2003-09-24

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US (1) US6691434B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1178744B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002543902A (en)
AT (1) ATE250353T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4283500A (en)
CA (1) CA2373686A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60005503T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2793660B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000069297A2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTV20010052A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-24 Benetton Spa SUPPORT FRAME PARTICULARLY FOR SPORT SHOES
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AU4283500A (en) 2000-12-05
CA2373686A1 (en) 2000-11-23
US6691434B1 (en) 2004-02-17
WO2000069297A3 (en) 2001-04-26
ATE250353T1 (en) 2003-10-15
FR2793660B1 (en) 2001-08-10
DE60005503T2 (en) 2004-06-24
WO2000069297A2 (en) 2000-11-23
FR2793660A1 (en) 2000-11-24
EP1178744B1 (en) 2003-09-24
JP2002543902A (en) 2002-12-24
DE60005503D1 (en) 2003-10-30

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