EP0846555A1 - Drive for a printing machine - Google Patents
Drive for a printing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0846555A1 EP0846555A1 EP97120694A EP97120694A EP0846555A1 EP 0846555 A1 EP0846555 A1 EP 0846555A1 EP 97120694 A EP97120694 A EP 97120694A EP 97120694 A EP97120694 A EP 97120694A EP 0846555 A1 EP0846555 A1 EP 0846555A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinders
- drives
- drive
- agz
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/004—Electric or hydraulic features of drives
- B41F13/0045—Electric driving devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
- B41P2213/00—Arrangements for actuating or driving printing presses; Auxiliary devices or processes
- B41P2213/70—Driving devices associated with particular installations or situations
- B41P2213/73—Driving devices for multicolour presses
- B41P2213/734—Driving devices for multicolour presses each printing unit being driven by its own electric motor, i.e. electric shaft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive for a printing press, in particular sheet-fed offset printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Sheetfed offset presses of the more widespread type have a main drive in particular in the form of a DC motor, which holds the cylinders of the printing units as well the cylinders / drums used for sheet transport via a continuous wheel train drives.
- a main drive in particular in the form of a DC motor, which holds the cylinders of the printing units as well the cylinders / drums used for sheet transport via a continuous wheel train drives.
- This train of wheels especially when there are a large number of printing units very large load moments, which cause torsion between the individual printing units cause.
- load changes there are doubling phenomena or Registration differences.
- the drive of a sheetfed offset printing machine with a feed point by means of a drive motor also has the disadvantage that, for example, when changing the operating mode from beautiful to beautiful and reverse printing and vice versa to separate the gear train is what makes complex mechanical components necessary.
- a drive for a printing press in which the Influence from the drive train of all those not used to promote the printing material Items to reduce synchronicity.
- a first drive one or more Drive motors
- the elements that are not used to transport the printing material as in particular the inking and / or dampening units have their own drives, whereby the drive of these elements is position-controlled to the cylinder. So it happens a synchronization of the decoupled subsystems by signals of movement quantities control systems.
- DE 42 14 394 A1 discloses a rotary printing press with a number of individually driven ones Cylinder and at least one separately driven folder known which combines the individual drives of the cylinders and their drive controllers into pressure point groups are.
- the individual pressure point groups are assigned to one of the folders, which obtain a position reference from this folder.
- the administration of the Pressure point groups are created by a superordinate control system.
- a sheetfed offset press also has to take precautions to avoid that the gripping devices have sheet-guiding cylinders (Impression cylinder, sheet guiding cylinder / drums) by a maximum permissible Angular amount can be rotated relative to each other, otherwise the protruding from the circumference of the pitch circle Equipment of the gripper systems would be damaged.
- sheet-guiding cylinders Impression cylinder, sheet guiding cylinder / drums
- EP 0 355 442 B1 describes a method and a device for reducing the Torque loading on a system driven by an electric motor is known.
- changes in the load torque are caused by opposite changes counteracted the drive torque, such that the load torque to approximately constant value is kept.
- a sheetfed offset press with several Printing units and a drive motor controlled in this way let you do that Only minimize torsion generated by the load fluctuations, with no gain Functionality is achieved.
- DE 42 28 506 A1 describes a method and a drive for a printing press known several printing units, in which several drive motors have a continuous gear train float.
- a first drive motor feeds excess power into the gear train one that is sized so that a constant direction of power flow in the gear train is ensured.
- a last drive motor compensates for this excess power, brakes so the gear train.
- This procedure and the appropriate drive can Tooth flank changes that lead to uncontrollable tension can be avoided.
- a disadvantage of this method is that the angular position of the feed motors or cylinder driven by the motors is undefined, which means that the angular position strongly depends on the phase and tolerance of the gears.
- the object of the following invention is therefore a drive for a printing press, in particular Sheet-fed offset printing machines according to the preamble of claim 1 expand so that avoiding the disadvantages mentioned above Printing process improving and inexpensive drive is obtained.
- the drive to be created should in particular increase the functionality of the printing press cause.
- the blanket cylinder in a multi-color offset printing press Sheetfed offset printing machine the blanket cylinder, the impression cylinder as well the sheet-guiding cylinders arranged between the impression cylinders or
- Drums are coupled together by a gear train.
- the drive of this cylinder system takes place by means of position-adjustable drives assigned to the individual blanket cylinders, the setpoint specifications for the drives driving the blanket cylinders by in each case an angular offset is chosen offset from one another. So it comes to ground these setpoints due to the elasticity of the gear train and the existing tolerances to a defined tension in the gear train between the printing units.
- Angular offset between two successive blanket cylinders is such dimensioned that in the intermediate train (impression cylinder, sheet leading Cylinders or drums) the backlash is moved out at every angular position.
- the offset is dimensioned by one turn constant backlash also according to the rolling tolerance and the disturbance torques in the gear train between two blanket cylinders.
- the offset can be done on any sheetfed offset press according to the recorded rolling tolerances individually from the printing unit Printing unit set and each stored as a specific value in the control electronics will. It is also possible to have a uniform, sufficiently large one for each machine To determine and specify the offset value.
- the blanket cylinders real or virtual drives assigned to the individual printing units Master axis (appropriately trained setpoint generator) can be generated. It is so in particular possible that, for example, on the first printing unit (blanket cylinder) a position encoder is arranged, the actual position values of which are fed to an evaluation and control circuit. This now generates the corresponding position setpoints for the drive of the blanket cylinder in the first thruster to move the machine according to a specified speed setpoint to drive. The evaluation and control circuit generates the actual position values this position encoder the position setpoints for the drives of the blanket cylinders in the second and subsequent printing units.
- the position setpoints for the drives of the blanket cylinders in the following Printing units always with the same or different from printing unit to printing unit selected angle offset, so that it to that mentioned above There is tension in the gear train.
- a position setpoint control which is a real movement of a cylinder follows
- the principle of a virtual master axis control can also be implemented, in that that the drives assigned to the individual blanket cylinders according to a predetermined Command (e.g. speed to be driven) is charged with calculated position setpoints will.
- a predetermined Command e.g. speed to be driven
- the position setpoints for the first for example Printing unit following drives the blanket cylinder in the other printing units always with an additional offset, so that it leads to a defined tension in the wheel train enclosed between two blanket cylinders is coming.
- the position setpoints given by the controller assigned to the drives are generated by a virtual leading axis in this embodiment.
- the plates or forme cylinders each have their own position-controlled drive in the individual printing units and run mechanically decoupled from the respectively assigned blanket cylinders.
- the plate cylinders independently of those using the blanket cylinders driven printing units. So the printing forms / printing plates in the individual printing units with corresponding exchange devices changed simultaneously be or it is possible to simultaneously the printing plate / printing plate change process an automatic washing program for the blanket cylinders / the impression cylinders to expire.
- FIG single drawing shows the four printing units of a sheetfed offset press the position-controllable drives assigned to the blanket cylinders.
- the four printing units of the sheet-fed offset printing press shown in the figure include Plate cylinder PZ, blanket cylinder GZ and those interacting with the blanket cylinders GZ Impression cylinder GD. Between the impression cylinders GD the individual printing units are arranged transfer drums T. The blanket cylinders GZ, the impression cylinders GD and those downstream of the impression cylinders GD Transfer drums T are coupled to one another via a mechanical gear train. Of the The path of the printing material in the configuration shown in the figure is in the direction the arrow from right to left.
- the GZ blanket cylinders in the individual printing units are each via a reduction gear UGZ connected to a position-adjustable drive AGZ.
- the plate cylinder PZ in the individual printing units are mechanically decoupled from the assigned ones Rubber blanket cylinders GZ and also each have a reduction gear UPZ and a position-adjustable drive APZ.
- the color and / or shown in the figure FW dampening units in the individual printing units are mechanically coupled with the respective ones PZ plate cylinders. This is achieved in that individual friction rollers in the Moisture and / or inking units FW a positive drive from the plate cylinder PZ exhibit.
- the ductors in the dampening and / or inking units FW preferably have their own variable speed drives
- the drives AGZ, APZ, the blanket cylinder GZ and the plate cylinder PZ stand with a higher-level control S in operative connection.
- APZ drives of plate cylinders PZ thus receive the corresponding position setpoints from the controller S.
- LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 are the position setpoints counted in the direction of sheet travel Printing units of the drives AGZ the rubber cylinder GZ.
- the AGZ drives of the GZ blanket cylinders are subjected to a position setpoint the drives APZ the plate cylinder PZ in order to achieve a synchronous Synchronization in printing operation.
- the drives APZ of the plate cylinder PZ can in certain situations (washing the printing cylinder or changing the printing plates / printing plates the plate cylinder PZ) also in one of the movement of the blanket cylinder GZ be driven independently (pressure-off the blanket cylinder GZ).
- the position setpoints LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 can be specified in such a way that the drive AGZ of the second blanket cylinder GZ the gear train between the drive AGZ of the first blanket cylinder GZ and clamped the second blanket cylinder GZ by a predetermined angular amount.
- the position setpoint LS3 of the AGZ drive in the third printing unit is one of these Angle offset applied so that the between the blanket cylinder GZ of the third Printing unit and the blanket cylinder GZ of the second printing unit lying gear train is braced by an intended angular amount.
- the position setpoint LS4 for the AGZ drive of the blanket cylinder GZ in the fourth printing unit with respect to the position setpoint LS3 of the AGZ drive GZ blanket cylinder in the third printing unit.
- the angular offset loading to form the position setpoints LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 for the drives AGZ can be represented as follows in the individual printing units.
- L1, L2, L3, L4 the position setpoints resulting from the cylinder geometry or cylinder position are to be carried out by the drives AGZ for angularly synchronous synchronism of the rubber blanket cylinders GZ with a tension-free run.
- ⁇ S2, ⁇ S3, ⁇ S4 denote those offset values (positive or negative sign) which are provided for generating the intended tensioning of the wheel trains lying between the blanket cylinders GZ.
- LS2 L2 + ⁇ S2.
- the above-mentioned angle offset values ⁇ S2, ⁇ S3, ⁇ S4 for the position-controlled bracing the gear trains between two successive rubber blanket cylinders GZ can be the same size or different (sign).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Rotary Presses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Antrieb für eine Druckmaschine, insbesondere Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a drive for a printing press, in particular sheet-fed offset printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bogenoffsetdruckmaschinen der weitverbreiteteren An weisen einen Hauptantrieb insbesondere in der Form eines Gleichstrommotors auf, der die Zylinder der Druckwerke sowie die dem Bogentransport dienenden Zylinder/Trommeln über einen durchgehenden Räderzug antreibt. In diesem Räderzug entstehen insbesondere bei einer hohen Anzahl von Druckwerken sehr große Lastmomente, welche eine Torsion zwischen den einzelnen Druckwerken bewirken. Gerade bei Lastwechseln kommt es somit zu Doubliererscheinungen bzw. Passerdifferenzen. Der Antrieb einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine mit einer Einspeisestelle mittels einem Antriebsmotor hat ferner auch den Nachteil, daß bspw. bei einer Betriebsartenumstellung von Schön auf Schön- und Widerdruck und umgekehrt der Räderzug aufzutrennen ist, was aufwendige mechanische Bauteile erforderlich macht. Bei einer über einen durchgehenden Räderzug angetriebenen Maschine ist es als nachteilig anzusehen, daß automatisierte Vorgänge stets nacheinander auszuführen sind, da bei diesen Prozessen unterschiedliche Drehrichtungen und/oder Drehzahlen zu fahren sind. Als Beispiel hierfür seien das automatische Gummituch- und/oder Druckzylinderwaschen sowie das Wechseln der Druckformen/Druckplatten zu nennen.Sheetfed offset presses of the more widespread type have a main drive in particular in the form of a DC motor, which holds the cylinders of the printing units as well the cylinders / drums used for sheet transport via a continuous wheel train drives. In this train of wheels, especially when there are a large number of printing units very large load moments, which cause torsion between the individual printing units cause. Especially when there are load changes, there are doubling phenomena or Registration differences. The drive of a sheetfed offset printing machine with a feed point by means of a drive motor also has the disadvantage that, for example, when changing the operating mode from beautiful to beautiful and reverse printing and vice versa to separate the gear train is what makes complex mechanical components necessary. With one over one continuous gear train driven machine, it is considered disadvantageous that automated Processes must always be carried out one after the other, since these processes are different Directions of rotation and / or speeds are to be driven. As an example of this the automatic blanket and / or impression cylinder washing and changing the To name printing forms / printing plates.
Aus der DE 42 41 807 A1 ist ein Antrieb für eine Druckmaschine bekannt, bei dem der Einfluß aus dem Antriebsstrang aller nicht zur Förderung des Bedruckstoffes dienenden Elemente auf die Synchronität verringert werden soll. Ein erster Antrieb (ein oder mehrere Antriebsmotoren) ist für alle zum Transport des Bedruckstoffes dienenden Zylinder und die Plattenzylinder vorgesehen, wobei diese Zylinder über einen durchgehenden Räderzug miteinander verbunden sind. Die nicht dem Transport des Bedruckstoffes dienenden Elemente wie insbesondere die Farb- und/oder Feuchtwerke weisen eigene Antriebe auf, wobei der Antrieb dieser Elemente lagegeregelt zum Lauf der Zylinder erfolgt. Es erfolgt somit eine Synchronisation der voneinander entkoppelten Teilsysteme durch Signale von Bewegungsgrößen erfassende Steuerungen. Ein derartiger Antrieb vermeidet die negativen Einwirkungen der insbesondere durch das Zusammenwirken der Heberwalzen mit den ersten Farbwerkwalzen (Reiberwalze) entstehenden Drehmomentschwankungen in den Farbwerken auf den Druckprozess . Nachteilig ist hierbei aber, daß der Plattenzylinder mechanisch mit dem durchgehenden Räderzug der übrigen Druckwerkzylinder verbunden ist, so daß sich Lastschwankungen direkt auf den Platterzylinder übertragen und entsprechende Störungen hervorrufen.From DE 42 41 807 A1 a drive for a printing press is known, in which the Influence from the drive train of all those not used to promote the printing material Items to reduce synchronicity. A first drive (one or more Drive motors) is for all cylinders and used for the transport of the printing material the plate cylinders are provided, these cylinders via a continuous gear train are interconnected. The elements that are not used to transport the printing material as in particular the inking and / or dampening units have their own drives, whereby the drive of these elements is position-controlled to the cylinder. So it happens a synchronization of the decoupled subsystems by signals of movement quantities control systems. Such a drive avoids the negative effects which in particular through the interaction of the lifting rollers with the first Inking unit rollers (friction roller) result in torque fluctuations in the inking units on the printing process. The disadvantage here is that the plate cylinder is mechanical is connected to the continuous gear train of the other printing cylinder, so that load fluctuations are transferred directly to the plate cylinder and corresponding malfunctions cause.
Aus der DE 42 14 394 A1 ist eine Rotationsdruckmaschine mit einer Anzahl einzeln angetriebener Zylinder sowie mindestens einem separat angetriebenen Falzapparat bekannt, bei der die Einzelantriebe der Zylinder und deren Antriebsregler zu Druckstellengruppen zusammengefaßt sind. Die einzelnen Druckstellengruppen sind einem der Falzapparate zugeordnet, die eine Positionsreferenz von diesem Falzapparat beziehen. Die Verwaltung der Druckstellengruppen erfolgt durch ein übergeordnetes Leitsystem. Bei Übertragung dieser vorbekannten Lösung auf eine Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine bedingt dies, daß jeder der einzelnen Zylinder (Druckwerkzylinder, Zylinder bzw. Trommeln für den Bogentransport) einen eigenen lageregelbaren Antrieb aufweist. Damit läßt sich zwar eine höchstmögliche Funktionalität insbesondere für die Realisierbarkeit von Automatisierungsvorgängen erzielen, jedoch gestaltet sich die Anzahl der vorzusehenden Antriebe sehr kostenintensiv. Bei einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine sind darüber hinaus auch Vorkehrungen zu treffen, um zu vermeiden, daß die Greifereinrichtungen aufweisenden bogenführenden Zylinder (Gegendruckzylinder, Bogenführungszylinder/Trommeln) um einen maximal zulässigen Winkelbetrag relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind, da sonst die aus dem Teilkreisumfang herausragenden Einrichtungen der Greifersysteme beschädigt würden.DE 42 14 394 A1 discloses a rotary printing press with a number of individually driven ones Cylinder and at least one separately driven folder known which combines the individual drives of the cylinders and their drive controllers into pressure point groups are. The individual pressure point groups are assigned to one of the folders, which obtain a position reference from this folder. The administration of the Pressure point groups are created by a superordinate control system. When transferring this previously known solution on a sheet-fed offset printing machine requires that each of the individual Cylinder (printing unit cylinder, cylinder or drum for sheet transport) one has its own position-adjustable drive. This is the highest possible Achieve functionality especially for the feasibility of automation processes, however, the number of drives to be provided is very cost-intensive. At A sheetfed offset press also has to take precautions to avoid that the gripping devices have sheet-guiding cylinders (Impression cylinder, sheet guiding cylinder / drums) by a maximum permissible Angular amount can be rotated relative to each other, otherwise the protruding from the circumference of the pitch circle Equipment of the gripper systems would be damaged.
Aus der EP 0 355 442 B1 ist ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zur Reduzierung der Drehmomentbeanspruchung auf ein mittels eines Elektromotors angetriebenen Systems bekannt. Hier werden Änderungen des Lastmomentes durch entgegengerichtete Änderungen des Antriebsmomentes entgegengewirkt, derart, daß das Lastmoment auf einen näherungsweise konstanten Wert gehalten wird. Bei einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine mit mehreren Druckwerken und einem derartig gesteuerten Antriebsmotor lassen dich damit aber die durch die Lastschwankungen erzeugten Torsionen nur minimieren, wobei kein Zugewinn an Funktionalität erzielt wird.EP 0 355 442 B1 describes a method and a device for reducing the Torque loading on a system driven by an electric motor is known. Here changes in the load torque are caused by opposite changes counteracted the drive torque, such that the load torque to approximately constant value is kept. In a sheetfed offset press with several Printing units and a drive motor controlled in this way let you do that Only minimize torsion generated by the load fluctuations, with no gain Functionality is achieved.
Aus der DE 42 28 506 A1 ist ein Verfahren und ein Antrieb für eine Druckmaschine mit mehreren Druckwerken bekannt, bei der mehrere Antriebsmotore einen durchgehenden Räderzug treiben. Ein erster Antriebsmotor speist einen Leistungsüberschuß in den Räderzug ein, der so bemessen ist, daß eine konstante Richtung des Leistungsflusses in dem Räderzug sichergestellt ist. Ein letzter Antriebsmotor kompensiert diesen Leistungsüberschuß, bremst also den Räderzug. Durch diese Verfahrensweise und den entsprechenden Antrieb können Zahnflankenwechsel, die zu unkontrollierbaren Verspannungen führen, vermieden werden. Nachteilig bei diesem Verfahren ist aber, das die Winkellage der Einspeisemotoren bzw. der von den Motoren angetriebenen Zylinder undefiniert ist, was bedeutet, daß die Winkellage stark von der Phase und der Toleranz der Zahnräder abhängt.DE 42 28 506 A1 describes a method and a drive for a printing press known several printing units, in which several drive motors have a continuous gear train float. A first drive motor feeds excess power into the gear train one that is sized so that a constant direction of power flow in the gear train is ensured. A last drive motor compensates for this excess power, brakes so the gear train. This procedure and the appropriate drive can Tooth flank changes that lead to uncontrollable tension can be avoided. A disadvantage of this method, however, is that the angular position of the feed motors or cylinder driven by the motors is undefined, which means that the angular position strongly depends on the phase and tolerance of the gears.
Aufgabe der folgenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Antrieb für eine Druckmaschine, insbesondere Bogenoffsetdruckmaschinen gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 derartig zu erweitern, so daß unter Vermeidung der zuvorstehenden genannten Nachteile ein den Druckprozess verbessernder und sich kostengünstig gestalteter Antrieb erhalten wird. Der zu schaffende Antrieb soll dabei insbesondere eine Erhöhung der Funktionalität der Druckmaschine bewirken.The object of the following invention is therefore a drive for a printing press, in particular Sheet-fed offset printing machines according to the preamble of claim 1 expand so that avoiding the disadvantages mentioned above Printing process improving and inexpensive drive is obtained. Of the The drive to be created should in particular increase the functionality of the printing press cause.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Anspruch 1. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen .This problem is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Further training the invention emerge from the subclaims.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß bei einer Mehrfarbenoffsetdruckmaschine, insbesondere Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine die Gummituchzylinder, die Gegendruckzylinder sowie die zwischen den Gegendruckzylindern angeordneten bogenführenden Zylinder bzw. According to the invention it is provided that, in particular, in a multi-color offset printing press Sheetfed offset printing machine the blanket cylinder, the impression cylinder as well the sheet-guiding cylinders arranged between the impression cylinders or
Trommeln durch einen Räderzug miteinander gekoppelt sind. Der Antrieb dieses Zylindersystems erfolgt durch den einzelnen Gummituchzylindern zugeordnete lageregelbare Antriebe, wobei die Sollwertvorgaben für die die Gummituchzylinder treibenden Antriebe um jeweils einen Winkeloffset gegeneinander versetzt gewählt sind. Somit kommt es auf Grund dieser Sollwerte infolge der Elastizität des Zahnradzuges sowie der vorliegenden Toleranzen zu einer definierten Verspannung in dem Räderzug zwischen den Druckwerken. Der Winkeloffset zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Gummituchzylindern ist dabei derartig bemessen, daß in dem dazwischen liegenden Räderzug (Gegendruckzylinder, bogenführende Zylinder bzw. Trommeln) das Zahnflankenspiel bei jeder Winkelstellung herausgefahren ist. Die Bemessung des Offsets richtet sich neben dem im Idealfall über eine Umdrehung gleichbleibenden Zahnflankenspiel ferner auch nach der Wälztoleranz sowie den Störmomenten im Räderzug zwischen zwei Gummituchzylindern. Der Offset kann an jeder Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine gemäß der erfaßten Wälztoleranzen individuell von Druckwerk zu Druckwerk eingestellt und jeweils als spezifischer Wert in der Regelelektronik gespeichert werden. Auch ist es möglich, für jede Maschine einen einheitlichen, genügend großen Offsetwert zu bestimmen und vorzugeben.Drums are coupled together by a gear train. The drive of this cylinder system takes place by means of position-adjustable drives assigned to the individual blanket cylinders, the setpoint specifications for the drives driving the blanket cylinders by in each case an angular offset is chosen offset from one another. So it comes to ground these setpoints due to the elasticity of the gear train and the existing tolerances to a defined tension in the gear train between the printing units. Of the Angular offset between two successive blanket cylinders is such dimensioned that in the intermediate train (impression cylinder, sheet leading Cylinders or drums) the backlash is moved out at every angular position. In addition to ideally, the offset is dimensioned by one turn constant backlash also according to the rolling tolerance and the disturbance torques in the gear train between two blanket cylinders. The offset can be done on any sheetfed offset press according to the recorded rolling tolerances individually from the printing unit Printing unit set and each stored as a specific value in the control electronics will. It is also possible to have a uniform, sufficiently large one for each machine To determine and specify the offset value.
Bei der Realisierung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die den Gummituchzylindern in den einzelnen Druckwerken zugeordneten Antriebe von einer reellen oder virtuellen Leitachse (entsprechend ausgebildeter Sollwertgeber) generiert werden. So ist es insbesondere möglich, daß beispielsweise am ersten Druckwerk (Gummituchzylinder) ein Lagegeber angeordnet ist, dessen Lage-Istwerte einer Auswerte- und Steuerschaltung zugeführt werden. Diese generiert nun die entsprechenden Lage-Sollwerte für den Antrieb des Gummituchzylinders im ersten Druchwerk, um die Maschine gemäß einem vorgegebenen Drehzahl-Sollwert zu fahren. Die Auswerte- und Steuerschaltung generiert aus den Lage-Istwerten dieses Lagegebers die Lage-Sollwerte für die Antriebe der Gummituchzylinder im zweiten sowie den nachfolgenden Druckwerken. Bei einer einfachen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden die Lage-Sollwerte für die Antriebe der Gummituchzylinder in den nachfolgenden Druckwerken stets mit einem gleichen bzw. von Druckwerk zu Druckwerk unterschiedlich gewähltem Winkeloffset beaufschlagt, so daß es zu der zuvorstehend erwähnten Verspannung in dem Räderzug kommt. In the implementation of the invention it can be provided that the blanket cylinders real or virtual drives assigned to the individual printing units Master axis (appropriately trained setpoint generator) can be generated. It is so in particular possible that, for example, on the first printing unit (blanket cylinder) a position encoder is arranged, the actual position values of which are fed to an evaluation and control circuit. This now generates the corresponding position setpoints for the drive of the blanket cylinder in the first thruster to move the machine according to a specified speed setpoint to drive. The evaluation and control circuit generates the actual position values this position encoder the position setpoints for the drives of the blanket cylinders in the second and subsequent printing units. In a simple embodiment of the invention the position setpoints for the drives of the blanket cylinders in the following Printing units always with the same or different from printing unit to printing unit selected angle offset, so that it to that mentioned above There is tension in the gear train.
An Stelle einer Lage-Sollwertregelung, welche einer reellen Bewegung eines Zylinders folgt, kann auch das Prinzip einer virtuellen Leitachsenregelung realisiert sein, dahingehend, daß die den einzelnen Gummituchzylindern zugeordneten Antriebe entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Kommando (z. B. zu fahrende Drehzahl) mit errechneten Lage-Sollwerten beaufschlagt werden. Auch hier werden die Lage-Sollwerte für die beispielsweise auf das erste Druckwerk folgenden Antriebe der Gummituchzylinder in den weiteren Druckwerken stets mit einem zusätzlichen Winkeloffset beaufschlagt, so daß es zu einer definierten Verspannung in dem jeweils zwischen zwei Gummituchzylindern eingeschlossenen Räderzug kommt. Die von der den Antrieben zugeordneten Steuerung vorgegebenen Lage-Sollwerte werden in dieser Ausführungsweise von einer virtuellen Leitachse generiert.Instead of a position setpoint control, which is a real movement of a cylinder follows, the principle of a virtual master axis control can also be implemented, in that that the drives assigned to the individual blanket cylinders according to a predetermined Command (e.g. speed to be driven) is charged with calculated position setpoints will. Again, the position setpoints for the first, for example Printing unit following drives the blanket cylinder in the other printing units always with an additional offset, so that it leads to a defined tension in the wheel train enclosed between two blanket cylinders is coming. The position setpoints given by the controller assigned to the drives are generated by a virtual leading axis in this embodiment.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehenen, daß die Platten bzw. Formzylinder in den einzelnen Druckwerken jeweils einen eigenen lagegeregelten Antrieb aufweisen und mechanisch entkoppelt von den jeweils zugeordneten Gummituchzylindern laufen. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Plattenzylinder unabhängig von den über die Gummituchzylinder getriebenen Druckwerken anzutreiben. So können die Druckformen / Druckplatten in den einzelnen Druckwerken mit entsprechenden Wechseleinrichtungen gleichzeitig gewechselt werden bzw. es ist möglich, den Druckform- / Druckplattenwechselvorgang simultan zu einem automatischen Waschprogramm für die Gummituchzylinder / die Gegendruckzylinder ablaufen zu lassen.According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the plates or forme cylinders each have their own position-controlled drive in the individual printing units and run mechanically decoupled from the respectively assigned blanket cylinders. Thereby it is possible to use the plate cylinders independently of those using the blanket cylinders driven printing units. So the printing forms / printing plates in the individual printing units with corresponding exchange devices changed simultaneously be or it is possible to simultaneously the printing plate / printing plate change process an automatic washing program for the blanket cylinders / the impression cylinders to expire.
Des weiteren erfolgt eine Erläuterung eines Ausführungssbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der einzigen Zeichnung. Diese zeigt die vier Druckwerke einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine mit den den Gummituchzylindern zugeordneten lageregelbaren Antrieben.Furthermore, an exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained on the basis of FIG single drawing. This shows the four printing units of a sheetfed offset press the position-controllable drives assigned to the blanket cylinders.
Die vier Druckwerke der in der Figur dargestellten Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine umfassen Plattenzylinder PZ, Gummituchzylinder GZ sowie die mit den Gummituchzylindern GZ zusammenwirkenden Gegendruckzylinder GD. Zwischen den Gegendruckzylindern GD der einzelnen Druckwerke sind Transfertrommeln T angeordnet. Die Gummituchzylinder GZ, die Gegendruckzylinder GD sowie die den Gegendruckzylindern GD nachgeordneten Transfertrommeln T sind über einen mechanischen Räderzug miteinander gekoppelt. Der Weg des Bedruckstoffes bei der in der Figur dargestellten Konfiguration erfolgt in Richtung des Pfeiles von rechts nach links.The four printing units of the sheet-fed offset printing press shown in the figure include Plate cylinder PZ, blanket cylinder GZ and those interacting with the blanket cylinders GZ Impression cylinder GD. Between the impression cylinders GD the individual printing units are arranged transfer drums T. The blanket cylinders GZ, the impression cylinders GD and those downstream of the impression cylinders GD Transfer drums T are coupled to one another via a mechanical gear train. Of the The path of the printing material in the configuration shown in the figure is in the direction the arrow from right to left.
Die Gummituchzylinder GZ in den einzelnen Druckwerken sind jeweils über einen Untersetzungsgetriebe UGZ mit einem lageregelbaren Antrieb AGZ verbunden. Die Plattenzylinder PZ in den einzelnen Druckwerken laufen mechanisch entkoppelt von den zugeordneten Gummituchzylindern GZ und weisen ferner ebenfalls je ein Untersetzungsgetriebe UPZ und einen lageregelbaren Antrieb APZ auf. Die in der Figur dargestellten Farb- und/oder Feuchtwerke FW in den einzelnen Druckwerken laufen mechanisch gekoppelt mit den jeweiligen Plattenzylindern PZ. Dies ist dadurch realisiert, daß einzelne Reiberwalzen in den Feucht- und/oder Farbwerken FW einen formschlüssigen Antrieb vom Plattenzylinder PZ aufweisen. Die Duktoren in den Feucht- und/oder Farbwerke FW weisen vorzugsweise eigene drehzahlregelbare Antriebe aufThe GZ blanket cylinders in the individual printing units are each via a reduction gear UGZ connected to a position-adjustable drive AGZ. The plate cylinder PZ in the individual printing units are mechanically decoupled from the assigned ones Rubber blanket cylinders GZ and also each have a reduction gear UPZ and a position-adjustable drive APZ. The color and / or shown in the figure FW dampening units in the individual printing units are mechanically coupled with the respective ones PZ plate cylinders. This is achieved in that individual friction rollers in the Moisture and / or inking units FW a positive drive from the plate cylinder PZ exhibit. The ductors in the dampening and / or inking units FW preferably have their own variable speed drives
Die Antriebe AGZ, APZ der Gummituchzylinder GZ sowie der Plattenzylinder PZ stehen mit einer übergeordneten Steuerung S in Wirkverbindung. Die Antriebe APZ der Plattenzylinder PZ erhalten somit von der Steuerung S die entsprechenden Lagesollwerte. In der Figur sind mit LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 die Lagesollwerte der in Bogenlaufrichtung gezählten Druckwerke der Antriebe AGZ der Gummizylinder GZ bezeichnet. Entsprechend der Sollwertbeaufschlagung der Antriebe AGZ der Gummituchzylinder GZ erfolgt eine Lagesollwertbeaufschlagung der Antriebe APZ der Plattenzylinder PZ zwecks Erzielung eines synchronen Gleichlaufes im Druckbetrieb. Die Antriebe APZ der Plattenzylinder PZ können in bestimmten Situationen (Waschen der Druckwerkszylinder bzw. Wechseln der Druckplatten/Druckformen der Plattenzylinder PZ) auch in einer von der Bewegung der Gummituchzylinder GZ unabhängigen Weise angetrieben werden (Druck-Ab der Gummituchzylinder GZ).The drives AGZ, APZ, the blanket cylinder GZ and the plate cylinder PZ stand with a higher-level control S in operative connection. APZ drives of plate cylinders PZ thus receive the corresponding position setpoints from the controller S. In the figure with LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 are the position setpoints counted in the direction of sheet travel Printing units of the drives AGZ the rubber cylinder GZ. According to the setpoint application the AGZ drives of the GZ blanket cylinders are subjected to a position setpoint the drives APZ the plate cylinder PZ in order to achieve a synchronous Synchronization in printing operation. The drives APZ of the plate cylinder PZ can in certain situations (washing the printing cylinder or changing the printing plates / printing plates the plate cylinder PZ) also in one of the movement of the blanket cylinder GZ be driven independently (pressure-off the blanket cylinder GZ).
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß über die Steuerung S die Lagesollwerte LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 derartig vorgegeben werden, so daß der Antrieb AGZ des zweiten Gummituchzylinders GZ den Räderzug zwischen dem Antrieb AGZ des ersten Gummituchzylinders GZ und dem zweiten Gummituchzylinder GZ um einen vorgegebenen Winkelbetrag verspannt. Ebenso ist der Lagesollwert LS3 des Antriebes AGZ im dritten Druckwerk mit einem deratigen Winkeloffset beaufschlagt, so daß der zwischen dem Gummituchzylinder GZ des dritten Druckwerkes und dem Gummituchzylinder GZ des zweiten Druckwerkes liegende Räderzug um einen vorgesehen Winkelbetrag verspannt wird. Entsprechendes gilt für die Winkeloffsetbeaufschlagung des Lagesollwertes LS4 für den Antrieb AGZ des Gummituchzylinders GZ im vierten Druckwerk bezüglich dem Lagesollwert LS3 des Antriebes AGZ des Gummituchzylinders GZ im dritten Druckwerk.According to the invention it is provided that the position setpoints LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4 can be specified in such a way that the drive AGZ of the second blanket cylinder GZ the gear train between the drive AGZ of the first blanket cylinder GZ and clamped the second blanket cylinder GZ by a predetermined angular amount. Likewise, the position setpoint LS3 of the AGZ drive in the third printing unit is one of these Angle offset applied so that the between the blanket cylinder GZ of the third Printing unit and the blanket cylinder GZ of the second printing unit lying gear train is braced by an intended angular amount. The same applies to the application of angular offset the position setpoint LS4 for the AGZ drive of the blanket cylinder GZ in the fourth printing unit with respect to the position setpoint LS3 of the AGZ drive GZ blanket cylinder in the third printing unit.
Verallgemeinert kann die Winkeloffsetbeaufschlagung zur Bildung der Lagesollwerte LS1,
LS2, LS3, LS4 für die Antriebe AGZ in den einzelnen Druckwerken wie folgt dargestellt
werden. Mit L1, L2, L3, L4 seien hierbei die auf Grund der Zylindergeometrie bzw. Zylinderstellung
sich ergebenden Lagesollwerte, welche von den Antrieben AGZ zum winkelsynchronen
Gleichlauf der Gummituchzylinder GZ bei einem verspannungsfreien Lauf auszuführen
wären. Mit ΔS2, ΔS3, ΔS4 seien diejenigen Offsetwerte (positive oder negatives
Vorzeichen) bezeichnet, welche zur Erzeugung der vorgesehenen Verspannungen der zwischen
den Gummituchzylindern GZ liegenden Räderzüge vorgesehen sind. Somit ergibt sich
für den Lagesollwert LS2, welche über die Steuerung S dem Antrieb AGZ des Gummituchzylinders
GZ im zweiten Druckwerk vorgegeben wird:
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wurde der Lagesollwert LS1 für die Beaufschlagung des Antriebes AGZ des ersten Gummituchzylinders GZ mit einem Winkeloffset von ΔS1 = 0 beaufschlagt.In this embodiment, the position setpoint LS1 was applied to the Drive AGZ of the first blanket cylinder GZ with an angular offset of ΔS1 = 0 acted upon.
Analog zu Berechnung des Lagesollwertes LS2 werden die Lagesollwerte LS3, LS4 zur
Beaufschlagung der Antriebe AGZ der Gummituchzylinder GZ im dritten und vierten
Druckwerk durch die Steuerung S ermittelt:
Die zuvorstehend erwähnten Winkeloffsetwerte ΔS2, ΔS3, ΔS4 zur lagegeregelten Verspannung der Räderzüge zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Gummittuchzylindern GZ können dabei gleich groß oder auch unterschiedlich (Vorzeichen) groß sein. The above-mentioned angle offset values ΔS2, ΔS3, ΔS4 for the position-controlled bracing the gear trains between two successive rubber blanket cylinders GZ can be the same size or different (sign).
- PZPZ
- PlattenzylinderPlate cylinder
- GZGZ
- GummituchzylinderBlanket cylinder
- GDDG
- GegendruckzylinderImpression cylinder
- TT
- TransfertrommelTransfer drum
- UPZUPZ
- Untersetzungsgetriebe Plattenzylinder PZReduction gear plate cylinder PZ
- UGZUGZ
- Untersetzungsgetriebe Gummituchzylinder GZReduction gear rubber blanket cylinder GZ
- APZAPZ
- Antrieb Plattenzylinder PZDrive plate cylinder PZ
- AGZAGZ
- Antrieb Gummituchzylinder GZGZ blanket cylinder drive
- FWFW
- Feucht- / FarbwerkDamp / inking unit
- SS
- Steuerungcontrol
- L1, L2, L3, L4L1, L2, L3, L4
- theoretischer Lage-Sollwerttheoretical position setpoint
- LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4
- modifizierter Sollwertmodified setpoint
Claims (7)
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß in jedem Druckwerk wenigstens einem Zylinder (Gummituchzylinder GZ) ein lageregelbarer Antrieb (AGZ) zugeordnet ist, wobei über die Steuerung (S) die Antriebe (AGZ) mit den Räderzug zwischen jeweils zwei Antrieben (AGZ) um vorgegebene Winkelbeträge verspannenden Lagesollwerten (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4) beaufschlagbar sind.Drive for a printing press, in particular sheetfed offset printing press, in which a plurality of cylinders or drums are coupled to one another via a continuous gear train and the gear train is assigned at least two drives which can be fed at different points and are connected to a control and can be acted upon individually,
characterized
that in each printing unit at least one cylinder (blanket cylinder GZ) is assigned a position-controllable drive (AGZ), the drives (AGZ) with the gear train between each two drives (AGZ) tensioning the setpoint position values (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4) can be acted upon.
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß bei einer Bogenoffsetdruckmaschine die einzeln lageregelbaren Antriebe (AGZ) den Gummituchzylindern (GZ) zugeordnet sind.Drive according to claim 1,
characterized
that in a sheetfed offset printing press the individually positionable drives (AGZ) are assigned to the blanket cylinders (GZ).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß die mit den Gummituchzylindern (GZ) zusammenwirkenden Plattenzylinder (PZ) jeweils einen Antrieb (AGP) aufweisen.Drive according to claim 2,
characterized
that the plate cylinders (PZ) interacting with the blanket cylinders (GZ) each have a drive (AGP).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß die den Zylindern (Gummituchzylinder GZ, Plattenzylinder PZ) zugeordneten Antriebe (AGZ, APZ) jeweils über ein Untersetzungsgetriebe (UGZ, UPZ) angekoppelt sind.Drive according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized
that the drives (AGZ, APZ) assigned to the cylinders (blanket cylinder GZ, plate cylinder PZ) are each coupled via a reduction gear (UGZ, UPZ).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß die mit den Plattenzylindern (PZ) zusammenwirkenden Feucht- und/oder Farbwerke (FW) mechanisch mit den Platterzylindern (PZ) gekoppelt sind.Drive according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
that the dampening and / or inking units (FW) interacting with the plate cylinders (PZ) are mechanically coupled to the plate cylinders (PZ).
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß über die Steuerung (S) die Antriebe (AGZ) mit Lagesollwerten (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4) beaufschlagbar sind, welche durch die Steuerung (S) aus den Lage-Istwerten wenigstens eines an der Maschine angebrachten Lagegebers ermittelbar sind.Drive according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
that the drives (AGZ) can be acted upon by the controller (S) with position setpoints (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4), which can be determined by the controller (S) from the actual position values of at least one position sensor attached to the machine.
dadurch gekennzeichnet
daß über die Steuerung (S) die Antriebe (AGZ) mit Lagesollwerten (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4) beaufschlagbar sind, welche entsprechend den vorgegebenen Laufkommandos aus einer durch die Steuerung (S) generierbaren Leitgröße ermittelbar sind.Drive according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized
that the drives (AGZ) can be acted upon by the controller (S) with position setpoints (LS1, LS2, LS3, LS4) which can be determined in accordance with the specified run commands from a guide variable which can be generated by the controller (S).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19650075A DE19650075A1 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1996-12-03 | Drive for a printing press |
| DE19650075 | 1996-12-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0846555A1 true EP0846555A1 (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| EP0846555B1 EP0846555B1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
Family
ID=7813484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97120694A Expired - Lifetime EP0846555B1 (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1997-11-26 | Drive for a printing machine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5927195A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0846555B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3002167B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE188913T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19650075A1 (en) |
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| DE4316261A1 (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-17 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Multiple motor drive for a sheet-fed offset rotary printing machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2637795C2 (en) * | 1976-08-21 | 1981-12-24 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg | Main drive for web-fed offset printing machines |
| DE3342662A1 (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-05 | M.A.N.- Roland Druckmaschinen AG, 6050 Offenbach | DEVICE ON A PRINTING MACHINE CONSISTING OF A PLATE AND / OR RUBBER CYLINDER |
| DE3828638C1 (en) * | 1988-08-24 | 1989-07-27 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg, De | |
| US5127324A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1992-07-07 | Heidelberg Harris Gmbh | Adjustment apparatus with DC drive system for use in a printing press |
| DE4102472A1 (en) * | 1991-01-20 | 1992-08-06 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | ROTARY PRINTING MACHINE FOR BOW PROCESSING |
| DE4218604C2 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 2003-05-08 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Drive for a sheet-fed printing machine with several printing units |
-
1996
- 1996-12-03 DE DE19650075A patent/DE19650075A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 EP EP97120694A patent/EP0846555B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-26 DE DE59701033T patent/DE59701033D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-26 AT AT97120694T patent/ATE188913T1/en active
- 1997-12-03 US US08/984,607 patent/US5927195A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-03 JP JP9332923A patent/JP3002167B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4214394A1 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1993-11-04 | Asea Brown Boveri | ROTARY PRINTING MACHINE |
| DE4228506A1 (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1994-03-03 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Method and drive for a printing press with several printing units |
| DE4241807A1 (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-06-16 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Drive for a printing press |
| DE4316261A1 (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-17 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Multiple motor drive for a sheet-fed offset rotary printing machine |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1149697A2 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-31 | MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG | Method and device for driving a printing press with two individual drives |
| EP1149697A3 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2002-08-21 | MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG | Method and device for driving a printing press with two individual drives |
| WO2009049757A1 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-23 | Manroland Ag | Method for operating a printing press |
| EP2147787A2 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-01-27 | manroland AG | Printing unit for a rotary printing press |
| EP2147787A3 (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2012-01-11 | manroland AG | Printing unit for a rotary printing press |
| DE102017204515A1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Method for operating a sheet-processing machine |
| DE102017204515B4 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2019-05-02 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Method for operating a sheet-processing machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE188913T1 (en) | 2000-02-15 |
| US5927195A (en) | 1999-07-27 |
| DE19650075A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
| DE59701033D1 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
| JPH10157054A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
| JP3002167B2 (en) | 2000-01-24 |
| EP0846555B1 (en) | 2000-01-19 |
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