EP0602379B1 - Refrigerator, especially multi-temperature refrigerator - Google Patents

Refrigerator, especially multi-temperature refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0602379B1
EP0602379B1 EP93117985A EP93117985A EP0602379B1 EP 0602379 B1 EP0602379 B1 EP 0602379B1 EP 93117985 A EP93117985 A EP 93117985A EP 93117985 A EP93117985 A EP 93117985A EP 0602379 B1 EP0602379 B1 EP 0602379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartments
compartment
refrigerant
evaporator
cooling
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP93117985A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0602379A3 (en
EP0602379A2 (en
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Holz
Friedrich-Wilhelm Neuner
Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. Arnold
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Strauss (Fh)
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP0602379A3 publication Critical patent/EP0602379A3/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/022Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures with two or more evaporators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/25Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2511Evaporator distribution valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0682Two or more fans
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/04Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device, in particular a multi-temperature cooling device a refrigerator and a heat insulated housing in which a through Refrigerant lines interconnected evaporator system is arranged, the evaporators forming the system individually in thermally separated compartments are arranged, the temperature of which through a refrigerant supply to the respective Evaporators can be influenced via a controller arrangement controlling a valve unit, wherein the need for refrigerant supply via temperature sensors in the compartments to the Controller arrangement is signaled.
  • EP-A-0119024 is a refrigerator with a freezer, a refrigerator and known a vegetable compartment; each of the compartments accessible via a separate door is and separation measures not specified between the individual subjects are provided to the intended compartment temperature of each refrigeration compartment to be able to ensure.
  • the refrigerator has a chiller with one Refrigerant circuit, which is used to maintain the intended Compartment temperature has three evaporators, two of which are the freezer and one is assigned to the refrigerator compartment, while the vegetable compartment is only on the Cooling compartment evaporator is also cooled.
  • the interconnection of the evaporators is selected so that that a first freezer compartment evaporator is connected in series to the refrigerator compartment evaporator is subordinate, while the second freezer evaporator in series before first freezer evaporator.
  • the well-known multi-temperature cooling device is from its structure with three cold compartments for storing various types, one different storage temperature designed storage goods, the Vegetable compartment due to its application within a different temperature range than the cooling compartment, but is also cooled by the latter.
  • the two compartments although they are each accessible via separate doors heat-insulating, but at best preventing an immediate influence of cold, can be separated from each other.
  • Through the Influencing the vegetable compartment does not only result in an unfavorable one Temperature influence, but at the same time also a disturbance of the optimal Storage of moisture supply for vegetables.
  • a freezer with two one above the other arranged subjects known that are thermally separated and in different applications can be used.
  • both can Compartments are operated as freezer compartments
  • a second variant provides that to operate lower than freezer and the higher than normal refrigerator compartment.
  • a Third variant is proposed to use the deep compartment as a freezer compartment and shut down the higher compartment.
  • the second of the valve arrangements is at the outlet of the in the Series connection of evaporators with higher cooling capacities downstream evaporator arranged and allows the refrigerant flow to the additional evaporator, which in the higher compartment of the freezer is installed, in which also in the Series connection of the evaporator higher refrigeration capacity is arranged upstream.
  • the freezer is to be used as a fridge and freezer combination, it is in the Additional evaporator located in the higher compartment in the refrigerant circuit faded in and the active, arranged in the lower compartment Freezer evaporator downstream, while the one in the overhead compartment Freezer evaporator is inactive.
  • the invention has for its object in a refrigerator with several thermally separated compartments of different temperature, which are used for cooling of the subjects to design refrigeration circuits so that each subject is independent from another within that defined for an application Temperature range is adjustable without the cooling capacity in the individual compartments is diminished.
  • the solution according to the invention is distinguished on the one hand by the fact that the freezer compartment due to the fact that it is always connected to the other compartments, so that only a small additional own runtime is necessary and the freezing capacity is high.
  • each of the cooling compartments can be regulated separately, so that the one for yours Application temperature range required within narrow limits regardless of external influences, such as the outside temperature surrounding the refrigerator or the Inviting large quantities of fresh chilled goods to one of the other compartments, is observed.
  • such an arrangement causes the coldest Evaporator downstream of the other is that all the refrigerant is in this collects and thus the respective active cooling circuit is made available without delay.
  • there is a further advantage that, with a still reasonable effort for the Valves and their control lines ensure safe control of the individual evaporators is guaranteed.
  • valve units are arranged in series with one another are.
  • Such an embodiment is characterized by its low expenditure on refrigerant lines out.
  • the temperatures in the differently cooled rooms are particularly closely observed Subjects if after a further advantageous embodiment of the subject the invention provides that the valve units independently of one another the controller evaluating the temperatures in the individual subjects are, the temperatures being recorded by temperature sensors and signaled to the controller become.
  • a fan is arranged which both the air in these compartments in cooling as well as in defrost operation, forced circulation, the fan - air flow the convection current generated by the cooling capacity of the respective evaporator is superimposed.
  • a household refrigerator 10 is shown, the heat insulated housing 11 at its opening with hinged on the opening edge and to be opened separately Doors 12 to 14 is provided.
  • Doors 12 to 14 are three in the interior of the Housing 11 arranged one above the other and by means of partitions thermally separated compartments 15 to 17 different temperature closable from which the overhead compartment lockable with the door 12 as a freezer compartment, the middle one Compartment 16, to which the door 13 is assigned, serves as a normal cooling compartment, while the underlying compartment 17 is designed as a cellar compartment and can be closed with the door 14.
  • the different temperature in the individual compartments 12 to 14 is further increased refrigeration system explained in more detail below.
  • the refrigeration system 18 used to cool the compartments 15 to 17 is the has an evaporator system connected to one another by refrigerant lines, equipped with a single refrigerant compressor 19.
  • the refrigerant compressor 19 a condenser 20 is connected downstream on the pressure side, for example on that of the Opening of the housing 11 facing away from the rear is arranged.
  • the condenser 20 connects to a dryer cartridge 21, the output of which connects to the input a first valve unit 22 is connected.
  • One of the outputs of the first valve unit 22 is connected in series with the input of a second similar valve unit 22 forming between these two, fluidically connected.
  • valve units 22 Due to the still free outputs of the arranged in series to each other, as are electromagnetically operated 3/2-way valves formed valve units 22 three different refrigeration circuits I, II and III formed, which can be charged with refrigerant are, the valve units 22, which are part of the refrigerant circuits I, II and III are, as control elements for the refrigerant supply to the respective refrigerant circuit serve and those arriving from the condenser 20 via the dryer cartridge 21 Divert the refrigerant flow into one of the circuits.
  • Each of the valve unit outputs 22, which represent the entrance to the refrigerant circuits is one downstream spiral-shaped throttle member 23 designed as a capillary tube.
  • the evaporator 24 which is arranged only in the refrigeration circuit I, with the highest Refrigeration capacity and the freezer compartment 12 is assigned.
  • Each of the refrigerant circuits I to III passes through the freezer evaporator 24, the Via a refrigerant line, not specified, on the suction side to the compressor 19 connected and, if necessary, when there is a need for cold in the freezer compartment 15, alone can be acted upon with refrigerant via the refrigerant circuit I, while both the evaporator 25 in the normal cooling compartment 16 and that in the basement compartment 17, each in Series connection in front of the evaporator 24, via the refrigerant circuits II and III can be acted upon with liquid refrigerant, so that the freezer compartment 15 is always cooled becomes.
  • the cooling requirement in compartments 15 and 16 is determined via the room air Temperature sensor 27 in the form of air sensors and in the freezer 14 via one the surface of the evaporator 24 arranged sensor 28 determined. Their signals are fed via signal lines 29 to and from a controller arrangement 30 evaluated.
  • the controller arrangement 30 controls in dependence on the sensor signals electrical connection lines 31 both switching the refrigerant compressor on and off 19 and the valve position of the valve units 22, whichever the refrigerant circuits should be charged with refrigerant.
  • Controller arrangement 30 is also controlled by electric lines 32, fans 33, one of which is arranged in the normal refrigerator compartment 16 and the other in the basement compartment 17 and there to reduce the temperature stratification both in cooling mode serve as well in defrost operation, with their arrangement of the by the cooling capacity convection current generated by the respective evaporator is supported.
  • temperature sensors are provided, which the defrosting process after reaching terminate a predetermined temperature threshold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlgerät, insbesondere ein Mehrtemperaturen-Kühlgerät, mit einer Kältemaschine und einem wärmeisolierten Gehäuse, in welchem ein durch Kältemittelleitungen miteinander verbundenes Verdampfersystem angeordnet ist, dessen das System bildende Verdampfer einzeln in voneinander thermisch getrennten Fächern angeordnet sind, deren Temperatur durch eine die Kältemittelzufuhr zu den jeweiligen Verdampfern über eine Ventileinheit steuernde Regleranordnung beeinflussbar ist, wobei die Notwendigkeit der Kältemittelzufuhr über Temperaturfühler in den Fächern an die Regleranordnung signalisiert ist.The invention relates to a cooling device, in particular a multi-temperature cooling device a refrigerator and a heat insulated housing in which a through Refrigerant lines interconnected evaporator system is arranged, the evaporators forming the system individually in thermally separated compartments are arranged, the temperature of which through a refrigerant supply to the respective Evaporators can be influenced via a controller arrangement controlling a valve unit, wherein the need for refrigerant supply via temperature sensors in the compartments to the Controller arrangement is signaled.

Aus der EP-A-0119024 ist ein Kältegerät mit einem Gefrierfach, einem Kühlfach und einem Gemüsefach bekannt; wobei jedes der Fächer über eine separate Tür Zuganglich ist und zwischen den einzelnen Fächern nicht näher bezeichnete Trennmaßnahmen vorgesehen sind, um die bestimmungsgemäße Fachtemperatur eines jeden Kältefachs sicherstellen zu können. Das Kältegerät besitzt eine Kältemaschine mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf, welcher zur Aufrechterhaltung der bestimmungsgemäßen Fachtemperaturen drei Verdampfer aufweist, von denen zwei dem Gefrierfach und einer dem Kühlfach zugeordnet ist, während das Gemüsefach lediglich über den Kühlfachverdampfer mitgekühlt ist. Die Verschaltung der Verdampfer ist dabei so gewählt, dass ein erster Gefrierfachverdampfer dem Kühlfachverdampfer in Reihenschaltung nachgeordnet ist, während der zweite Gefrierfachverdampfer in Reihenschaltung vor dem ersten Gefrierfachverdampfer liegt. Das bekannte Mehrtemperaturen-Kühlgerät ist von seinem Aufbau her mit drei Kältefächern zur Einlagerung von verschiedenartigem, eine unterschiedliche Lagertemperatur erfordernden Lagergut konzipiert, wobei das Gemüsefach aufgrund seiner Anwendung innerhalb eines anderen Temperaturbereiches als das Kühlfach liegt, aber über das letztere mitgekühlt ist. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die beiden Fächer, obwohl sie jeweils über separate Türen zugänglich sind, nicht wärmeisolierend, sondern allenfalls einen unmittelbaren Kälteeinfluss verhindernd, voneinander getrennt sein können. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein Wärmeaustausch zwischen den Kältefächern, so dass ein Kompromiss im Hinblick auf die Aufrechterhaltung der bestimmungsgemäßen Fachtemperaturen getroffen werden muss, da sich beide Kältefächer hinsichtlich der darin herrschenden Temperatur gegenseitig beeinflussen, wobei die Einflussnahme des Kühlfaches auf das Gemüsefach, da auf ersteres naturgemäß öfter zugegriffen wird, deutlich ausgeprägter ist. Durch die Einflussnahme auf das Gemüsefach ergibt sich für dieses nicht nur eine ungünstige Temperaturbeeinflussung, sondern gleichzeitig auch noch eine Störung des zur optimalen Lagerung von Gemüse dienenden Feuchtehaushalts.From EP-A-0119024 is a refrigerator with a freezer, a refrigerator and known a vegetable compartment; each of the compartments accessible via a separate door is and separation measures not specified between the individual subjects are provided to the intended compartment temperature of each refrigeration compartment to be able to ensure. The refrigerator has a chiller with one Refrigerant circuit, which is used to maintain the intended Compartment temperature has three evaporators, two of which are the freezer and one is assigned to the refrigerator compartment, while the vegetable compartment is only on the Cooling compartment evaporator is also cooled. The interconnection of the evaporators is selected so that that a first freezer compartment evaporator is connected in series to the refrigerator compartment evaporator is subordinate, while the second freezer evaporator in series before first freezer evaporator. The well-known multi-temperature cooling device is from its structure with three cold compartments for storing various types, one different storage temperature designed storage goods, the Vegetable compartment due to its application within a different temperature range than the cooling compartment, but is also cooled by the latter. As a result, the two compartments, although they are each accessible via separate doors heat-insulating, but at best preventing an immediate influence of cold, can be separated from each other. This results in a heat exchange between the cold compartments, so a compromise with regard to the maintenance of the Intended compartment temperatures must be taken, since both Cold compartments with respect to the temperature inside each other influence, with the influence of the refrigerator compartment on the vegetable compartment, because on the former is naturally accessed more often, is significantly more pronounced. Through the Influencing the vegetable compartment does not only result in an unfavorable one Temperature influence, but at the same time also a disturbance of the optimal Storage of moisture supply for vegetables.

Weiterhin ist aus der DE-PS 33 14 056 ein Gefriergerät mit zwei übereinander angeordneten Fächern bekannt, die thermisch voneinander getrennt und in unterschiedlichen Anwendungen einsetzbar sind. In einer ersten Variante können beide Fächer als Gefrierfächer betrieben werden, während eine zweite Variante vorsieht, das tieferliegende als Gefrier und das höherliegende als Normalkühlfach zu betreiben. In einer dritten Variante ist vorgeschlagen, das tieferliegende Fach als Gefrierfach einzusetzen und das höherliegende Fach stillzulegen.Furthermore, from DE-PS 33 14 056 a freezer with two one above the other arranged subjects known that are thermally separated and in different applications can be used. In a first variant, both can Compartments are operated as freezer compartments, while a second variant provides that to operate lower than freezer and the higher than normal refrigerator compartment. In a Third variant is proposed to use the deep compartment as a freezer compartment and shut down the higher compartment.

Zur Kühlung der Fächer ist neben zwei Verdampfern hoher Kälteleistung ein zusätzlicher Verdampfer geringerer Kälteleistung vorgesehen, die alle von einem einzigen Verdichter mit Kältemitteln versorgt werden, wobei der Kältemittelzufluss zu den einzelnen Verdampfern über zwei Ventilanordnungen steuerbar ist, mit deren Hilfe drei Kältemittelkreisläufe gebildet sind. Durch eine der Ventilanordnungen, nämlich der, die den Eingängen der Reihenschaltung angeordneten Verdampfer mit der höheren Kälteleistung vorgeschaltet ist, sind zwei Kältemittelkreisläufe bildbar, wobei in einer ersten Ventilstellung beide Verdampfer von Kältemittel durchströmt werden und in einer zweiten Ventilstellung nur der nachgeschaltete Verdampfer allein mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt ist. Die zweite der Ventilanordnungen ist am Ausgang des in der Reihenschaltung der Verdampfer höherer Kälteleistungen nachgeschalteten Verdampfers angeordnet und ermöglicht den Kältemittelzufluss zu dem zusätzlichen Verdampfer, der in dem höherliegenden Fach des Gefriergerätes installiert ist, in welchem auch der in der Reihenschaltung der Verdampfer höherer Kälteleistung voranliegende angeordnet ist.In addition to two evaporators with high cooling capacity, there is an additional one for cooling the compartments Lower cooling capacity evaporators are provided, all from a single compressor be supplied with refrigerants, the refrigerant inflow to the individual Evaporators can be controlled via two valve arrangements, with the help of three Refrigerant circuits are formed. By one of the valve arrangements, namely the one evaporator arranged at the inputs of the series circuit with the higher one Cooling capacity is connected upstream, two refrigerant circuits can be formed, one in first valve position both evaporators are flowed through by refrigerant and in one second valve position only the downstream evaporator with only refrigerant is acted upon. The second of the valve arrangements is at the outlet of the in the Series connection of evaporators with higher cooling capacities downstream evaporator arranged and allows the refrigerant flow to the additional evaporator, which in the higher compartment of the freezer is installed, in which also in the Series connection of the evaporator higher refrigeration capacity is arranged upstream.

Soll das Gefriergerät als Kühl- und Gefrierkombination eingesetzt werden, ist der in dem höherliegenden Fach angeordnete zusätzliche Verdampfer in den Kältemittelkreislauf eingeblendet und dem aktiven, im tieferliegenden Fach angeordneten Gefrierfachverdampfer nachgeschaltet, während der im oben liegenden Fach befindliche Gefrierfachverdampfer inaktiv geschaltet ist. If the freezer is to be used as a fridge and freezer combination, it is in the Additional evaporator located in the higher compartment in the refrigerant circuit faded in and the active, arranged in the lower compartment Freezer evaporator downstream, while the one in the overhead compartment Freezer evaporator is inactive.

Für den Fall, dass beim Betrieb des Gerätes als Kühl- und Gefrierkombination in das Gefrierfach größere Mengen frischen Guts eingelagert wird, das ausgefroren werden soll, wird die Kälteleistung im als Normalkühlfach betriebenen Fach stark geschmälert, so dass bei einer Temperaturanforderung des Normalkühlfachs, der Gefriervorgang zeitweilig unterbrochen werden muss, wodurch die Gefrierleistung stark absinkt. Will man dies vermeiden, muss das Kältesystem, dessen Füllmenge von dem allein betreibbaren Gefrierfachverdampfer bestimmt ist, überfüllt werden.In the event that when operating the device as a fridge and freezer combination in the Freezer compartment stores larger quantities of fresh goods that are to be frozen out, the cooling capacity in the compartment operated as a normal refrigerator compartment is severely reduced, so that if the temperature of the normal refrigerator compartment is high, the freezing process is temporary must be interrupted, causing the freezing performance to drop sharply. If you want this must avoid the refrigeration system, the filling quantity of which can be operated alone Freezer evaporator is designed to be overfilled.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Kältegerät mit mehreren voneinander thermisch getrennten Fächern unterschiedlicher Temperatur, die zur Kühlung der Fächer erforderlichen Kältekreisläufe so auszubilden, dass jedes Fach unabhängig von einem anderen innerhalb des für einen Anwendungszweck definierten Temperaturbereichs regelbar ist, ohne dass die Kälteleistung in den einzelnen Fächern geschmälert ist.The invention has for its object in a refrigerator with several thermally separated compartments of different temperature, which are used for cooling of the subjects to design refrigeration circuits so that each subject is independent from another within that defined for an application Temperature range is adjustable without the cooling capacity in the individual compartments is diminished.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung zeichnet sich einerseits dadurch aus, dass das Gefrierfach aufgrund dessen, dass es den anderen Fächern nachgeschaltet ist, stets mitgekühlt wird, so dass nur eine geringe zusätzliche eigene Laufzeit notwendig und die Gefrierleistung hoch ist. Andererseits ist jedes der Kühlfächer separat regelbar, so dass der für ihren Anwendungszweck erforderliche Temperaturbereich in engen Grenzen unabhängig von äußeren Einflüssen, wie die das Kältegerät umgebende Außentemperatur oder die Einladung von großen Mengen frischen Kühlguts in eines der anderen Fächer, eingehalten wird. Außerdem bewirkt eine derartige Anordnung, bei der der kälteste Verdampfer den anderen nachgeschaltet ist, dass sich in diesem das gesamte Kältemittel sammelt und somit den jeweilig aktiven Kältekreis unverzögert zur Verfügung gestellt ist. Außerdem liegt ein weiterer Vorteil darin, dass bei noch vertretbarem Aufwand für die Ventile und deren Ansteuerleitungen eine sichere Ansteuerung der einzelnen Verdampfer gewährleistet ist. The solution according to the invention is distinguished on the one hand by the fact that the freezer compartment due to the fact that it is always connected to the other compartments, so that only a small additional own runtime is necessary and the freezing capacity is high. On the other hand, each of the cooling compartments can be regulated separately, so that the one for yours Application temperature range required within narrow limits regardless of external influences, such as the outside temperature surrounding the refrigerator or the Inviting large quantities of fresh chilled goods to one of the other compartments, is observed. In addition, such an arrangement causes the coldest Evaporator downstream of the other is that all the refrigerant is in this collects and thus the respective active cooling circuit is made available without delay. In addition, there is a further advantage that, with a still reasonable effort for the Valves and their control lines ensure safe control of the individual evaporators is guaranteed.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Ventileinheiten in Reihenschaltung zueinander angeordnet sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the subject of the invention it is provided that the valve units are arranged in series with one another are.

Eine solche Ausgestaltung zeichnet sich durch ihren geringen Aufwand an Kältemittelleitungen aus.Such an embodiment is characterized by its low expenditure on refrigerant lines out.

Besonders genau eingehalten werden die Temperaturen in den unterschiedlich gekühlten Fächern, wenn nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Gegenstandes der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, daß die Ventileinheiten unabhängig voneinander, von einem die Temperaturen in den einzelnen Fächern auswertenden Regeler gesteuert sind, wobei die Temperaturen von Temperaturfühlern erfaßt und an den Regler signalisiert werden.The temperatures in the differently cooled rooms are particularly closely observed Subjects if after a further advantageous embodiment of the subject the invention provides that the valve units independently of one another the controller evaluating the temperatures in the individual subjects are, the temperatures being recorded by temperature sensors and signaled to the controller become.

Entsprechend einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß außer in dem Fach mit der größten Kälteleistung, in jedem der anderen Fächer ein Ventilator angeordnet ist, der die Luft in diesen Fächern sowohl im Kühl- als auch im Abtaubetrieb zwangsweise umwälzt, wobei der Ventilator--Luftstrom dem durch die Kälteleistung der jeweiligen Verdampfer erzeugten Konvektionsstrom überlagert ist.According to a further preferred embodiment of the subject of the invention it is envisaged that, except in the compartment with the highest cooling capacity, in each the other compartments a fan is arranged which both the air in these compartments in cooling as well as in defrost operation, forced circulation, the fan - air flow the convection current generated by the cooling capacity of the respective evaporator is superimposed.

Durch eine solche Lösung wird in den genannten Fächern, die z.B. als Kellerfach oder als 0°-Fach Anwendung finden, eine nahezu gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung innerhalb des Faches erreicht.With such a solution, the subjects mentioned, e.g. as a cellar compartment or as a 0 ° compartment, an almost even temperature distribution within of the subject.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß außer in dem Fach mit der größten Kälteleistung, in jedem der anderen Fächer zwei Temperaturfühler vorgesehen sind, von denen einer an der Verdampferoberfläche angeordnet ist, während der andere die Lufttemperatur im Fach erfaßt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the subject of the invention it is envisaged that, except in the compartment with the highest cooling capacity, in each of the others Compartments two temperature sensors are provided, one of which is on the evaporator surface is arranged while the other detects the air temperature in the compartment.

Die Vorteile einer solchen Lösung sind darin zu sehen, daß neben einem automatischen Abtauen auch die Aufrechterhaltung der Temperaturen in diesen beiden Fächern, insbesondere wenn es sich um ein 0°-Fach oder ein Kellerfach handelt, in engen Toleranzgrenzen möglich ist . The advantages of such a solution can be seen in the fact that in addition to an automatic Defrosting also maintaining temperatures in these two compartments, especially if it is a 0 ° compartment or a cellar compartment, in narrow spaces Tolerance limits is possible.

Die Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung am Beispiel eines in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellten 3-Temperaturen-Kühlgerätes erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Ein 3 Temperaturen-Haushalts-Kühlgerät, dessen thermisch voneinander getrennte Fächer unterschiedlicher Temperatur mit separaten Türen verschließbar sind, in räumlicher Darstellung von vorne und
Fig. 2
in vereinfachter, schematischer Darstellung, die zur Aufrechterhaltung der Temperatur in den Fächern des 3-Temperaturen-Kühlgeräts eingesetzte Kälteanlage, mit ihren symbolisch dargestellten Elementen für die Temperaturregelung der Fächer.
The invention is explained in the following description using the example of a 3-temperature cooling device shown in simplified form in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
A 3-temperature household refrigerator, the thermally separated compartments of different temperatures can be closed with separate doors, in a spatial representation from the front and
Fig. 2
in a simplified, schematic representation, the refrigeration system used to maintain the temperature in the compartments of the 3-temperature cooling device, with its symbolically represented elements for the temperature control of the compartments.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist ein Haushalts-Kühlgerät 10 gezeigt, dessen wärmeisoliertes Gehäuse 11 an seiner Öffnung mit am Öffnungsrand angeschlagenen und separat zu öffnenden Türen 12 bis 14 versehen ist. Durch die Türen 12 bis 14 sind drei im Innenraum des Gehäuses 11 übereinander angeordnete und mittels Zwischenwänden voneinander thermisch getrennte Fächer 15 bis 17 unterschiedlicher Temperatur verschließbar, von denen das obenliegende, mit der Tür 12 verschließbare Fach als Gefrierfach, das mittlere Fach 16, dem die Tür 13 zugeordnet ist, als Normalkühlfach dient, während das untenliegende Fach 17 als Kellerfach ausgebildet und mit der Tür 14 verschließbar ist. Die unterschiedliche Temperatur in den einzelnen Fächern 12 bis 14 wird mit einer weiter unten genauer erläuterten Kälteanlage aufrecht erhalten.1, a household refrigerator 10 is shown, the heat insulated housing 11 at its opening with hinged on the opening edge and to be opened separately Doors 12 to 14 is provided. Through the doors 12 to 14 are three in the interior of the Housing 11 arranged one above the other and by means of partitions thermally separated compartments 15 to 17 different temperature closable from which the overhead compartment lockable with the door 12 as a freezer compartment, the middle one Compartment 16, to which the door 13 is assigned, serves as a normal cooling compartment, while the underlying compartment 17 is designed as a cellar compartment and can be closed with the door 14. The different temperature in the individual compartments 12 to 14 is further increased refrigeration system explained in more detail below.

Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, ist die zur Kühlung der Fächer 15 bis 17 dienende Kälteanlage 18, die ein durch Kältemittelleitungen miteinander verbundenes Verdampfersystem aufweist, mit einem einzigen Kältemittelverdichter 19 ausgestattet. Dem Kältemittelverdichter 19 ist druckseitig ein Verflüssiger 20 nachgeschaltet, der beispielsweise auf der von der Öffnung des Gehäuses 11 abgewandten Rückseite angeordnet ist. An den Ausgang des Verflüssigers 20 schließt eine Trocknerpatrone 21 an, deren Ausgang mit dem Eingang einer ersten Ventileinheit 22 verbunden ist. Einer der Ausgänge der ersten Ventileinheit 22 steht mit dem Eingang einer zweiten gleichartigen Ventileinheit 22, eine Reihenschaltung zwischen diesen beiden bildend, strömungstechnisch in Verbindung. Durch die noch freien Ausgänge der in Reihenschaltung zueinander angeordneten, als elektromagnetisch betriebene 3/2-Wege-Ventile ausgebildeten Ventileinheiten 22 sind drei unterschiedliche Kältekreisläufe I, II und III gebildet, die mit Kältemittel beaufschlagbar sind, wobei die Ventileinheiten 22, die Bestandteil der Kältemittelkreisläufe I, II und III sind, als Steuerorgane für die Kältemittelzufuhr zu dem jeweiligen Kältemittelkreislauf dienen und den vom Verflüssiger 20 über die Trocknerpatrone 21 ankommenden Kältemittelfluß in einen der Kreisläufe umleiten. Jedem der Ausgänge der Ventileinheiten 22, die den Eingang zu den Kältemittelkreisläufen darstellen, ist jeweils ein spiralenartig aufgewickeltes, als Kapillarrohr ausgebildetes Drosselorgan 23 nachgeschaltet. Diese senken den Druck des vom Verflüssiger 20 kommenden Kältemittels auf den jeweiligen Arbeitsdruck von ihnen nachgeschalteten, mit unterschiedlicher Kälteleistung ausgestatteten, das Verdampfersystem bildenden Verdampfern 24 bis 26, wobei der Verdampfer 24, der allein im Kältekreislauf I angeordnet ist, mit der höchsten Kälteleistung ausgestattet und dem Gefrierfach 12 zugeordnet ist. Von den beiden anderen Verdampfern 25 und 26, die beide in etwa die gleiche Kälteleistung aufweisen, ist der zur Aufrechterhaltung der Temperatur im Normalkühlfach 16 dienende Verdampfer 25 zusammen mit dem ihm nachgeschalteten Gefrierfachverdampfer 24 im Kältekreislauf III angeordnet, während der Verdampfer 26, der dem Kellerfach 17 zugeordnet ist, zusammen mit dem Gefrierfachverdampfer 24, in Reihenschaltung vor diesem liegend, im Kältekreislauf II angeordnet ist.As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigeration system 18 used to cool the compartments 15 to 17 is the has an evaporator system connected to one another by refrigerant lines, equipped with a single refrigerant compressor 19. The refrigerant compressor 19 a condenser 20 is connected downstream on the pressure side, for example on that of the Opening of the housing 11 facing away from the rear is arranged. At the exit the condenser 20 connects to a dryer cartridge 21, the output of which connects to the input a first valve unit 22 is connected. One of the outputs of the first valve unit 22 is connected in series with the input of a second similar valve unit 22 forming between these two, fluidically connected. Due to the still free outputs of the arranged in series to each other, as are electromagnetically operated 3/2-way valves formed valve units 22 three different refrigeration circuits I, II and III formed, which can be charged with refrigerant are, the valve units 22, which are part of the refrigerant circuits I, II and III are, as control elements for the refrigerant supply to the respective refrigerant circuit serve and those arriving from the condenser 20 via the dryer cartridge 21 Divert the refrigerant flow into one of the circuits. Each of the valve unit outputs 22, which represent the entrance to the refrigerant circuits, is one downstream spiral-shaped throttle member 23 designed as a capillary tube. These lower the pressure of the refrigerant coming from the condenser 20 downstream of them to the respective working pressure, with different cooling capacity equipped evaporators 24 to 26 forming the evaporator system, the evaporator 24, which is arranged only in the refrigeration circuit I, with the highest Refrigeration capacity and the freezer compartment 12 is assigned. From the other two Evaporators 25 and 26, both of which have approximately the same cooling capacity, is the evaporator used to maintain the temperature in the normal refrigerator compartment 16 25 together with the freezer evaporator 24 connected downstream Refrigeration circuit III arranged during the evaporator 26, which is assigned to the cellar compartment 17 is, together with the freezer evaporator 24, in series before this lying, is arranged in the refrigeration cycle II.

Jeder der Kältelmittelkreisläufe I bis III führt über den Gefrierfachverdampfer 24, der über eine nicht näher bezeichnete Kältemittelleitung saugseitig an den Verdichter 19 angeschlossen und im Bedarfsfall, wenn Kältebedarf im Gefrierfach 15 vorliegt, allein für sich mit Kältemittel über den Kältemittelkreislauf I beaufschlagbar ist, während sowohl der Verdampfer 25 im Normalkühlfach 16 als auch der im Kellerfach 17, jeweils in Reihenschaltung vor dem Verdampfer 24 liegend, über die Kältemittelkreisläufe II und III mit flüssigem Kältemittel beaufschlagbar ist, wodurch das Gefrierfach 15 stets mitgekühlt wird. Der Kältebedarf in den Fächern 15 und 16 wird über die Raumluft erfassende Temperaturfühler 27 in Form von Luftfühlern und im Gefrierfach 14 über einen an der Oberfläche des Verdampfers 24 angeordneten Fühler 28 ermittelt. Deren Signale werden über Signalleitungen 29 einer Regleranordnung 30 zugeleitet und von dieser ausgewertet. Die Regleranordnung 30 steuert in Abhängigkeit der Fühlersignale, über elektrische Verbindungsleitungen 31 sowohl das Ein- und Ausschalten des Kältemittelverdichters 19 als auch die Ventilstellung der Ventileinheiten 22, je nachdem, welcher der Kältemittelkreise mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt werden soll. Zudem werden über die Regleranordnung 30 über elektrische Leitungen 32 noch Ventilatoren 33 angesteuert, von denen jeweils einer im Normalkühlfach 16 und der andere im Kellerfach 17 angeordnet ist und dort zur Reduzierung der Temperaturschichtung sowohl im Kühlbetrieb als auch im Abtaubetrieb dienen, wobei durch ihre Anordnung der durch die Kälteleistung des jeweiligen Verdampfers erzeugte Konvektionsstrom unterstützt ist. Für die Steuerung des Abtaubetriebes, der bedarfsweise eingeleitet wird, sind im Kellerfach 17 und im Normalkühlfach 16 an den Oberflächen der dort angeordneten Verdampfer 25 und 26, nicht gezeigte Temperaturfühler vorgesehen, die den Abtauvorgang nach Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Temperaturschwelle beenden.Each of the refrigerant circuits I to III passes through the freezer evaporator 24, the Via a refrigerant line, not specified, on the suction side to the compressor 19 connected and, if necessary, when there is a need for cold in the freezer compartment 15, alone can be acted upon with refrigerant via the refrigerant circuit I, while both the evaporator 25 in the normal cooling compartment 16 and that in the basement compartment 17, each in Series connection in front of the evaporator 24, via the refrigerant circuits II and III can be acted upon with liquid refrigerant, so that the freezer compartment 15 is always cooled becomes. The cooling requirement in compartments 15 and 16 is determined via the room air Temperature sensor 27 in the form of air sensors and in the freezer 14 via one the surface of the evaporator 24 arranged sensor 28 determined. Their signals are fed via signal lines 29 to and from a controller arrangement 30 evaluated. The controller arrangement 30 controls in dependence on the sensor signals electrical connection lines 31 both switching the refrigerant compressor on and off 19 and the valve position of the valve units 22, whichever the refrigerant circuits should be charged with refrigerant. In addition, the Controller arrangement 30 is also controlled by electric lines 32, fans 33, one of which is arranged in the normal refrigerator compartment 16 and the other in the basement compartment 17 and there to reduce the temperature stratification both in cooling mode serve as well in defrost operation, with their arrangement of the by the cooling capacity convection current generated by the respective evaporator is supported. For the Control of the defrost operation, which is initiated if necessary, are in the basement compartment 17 and in the normal cooling compartment 16 on the surfaces of the evaporators 25 arranged there and 26, temperature sensors, not shown, are provided, which the defrosting process after reaching terminate a predetermined temperature threshold.

Claims (5)

  1. Cooling appliance (10), especially a multi-temperature cooling appliance, with a refrigerating machine (18) and a thermally-insulated housing (11), in which there is arranged an evaporator system, which is connected together by refrigerant ducts and the evaporators (24, 25, 26), which form the system, of which are arranged in mutually thermally separated compartments (15, 16, 17), the temperature of which can be influenced by a regulator arrangement (30) controlling the refrigerant feed to the respective evaporators (24, 25, 26) by way of a valve unit (22), wherein the necessity of refrigerant feed is signalled to the regulator arrangement (30) by way of temperature sensors (27, 28) in the compartments (15, 16, 17), wherein at least three compartments (15, 16, 17) together with the evaporators (24, 25, 26) associated therewith and valve units (22), which are connected upstream of these for the control thereof, are provided and the compartment (15) with the greatest refrigerating output is in the case of need loadable solely on its own with refrigerant, whereas each of the other compartments (16, 17) is loadable with refrigerant in the case of need in each instance in serial connection in front of the compartment (15) with the highest refrigerating output, wherein the number of valve units (22) is smaller by one than the number of evaporators (24, 25, 26) and the valve units (22) are constructed as electromagnetically operated 3/2-way valves.
  2. A cooling appliance according to claim 1, characterised in that the valve units (22) are arranged in series connection relative to one another.
  3. A cooling appliance according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the valve units (22) are controlled independently of one another by a regulator (30) evaluating the temperatures in the individual compartments (15, 16, 17), wherein the temperatures of temperature sensors (27, 28) are detected and signalled to the regulator (30).
  4. A cooling appliance according to claim 1, characterised in that, apart from in the compartment (15) with the greatest cooling output, there is arranged in each of the other compartments (16, 17) a fan (33) which forcibly circulates the air in these compartments (16, 17) not only in cooling operation, but also in defrosting operation, to the convection flow produced by the refrigerating output of the respective evaporator (25).
  5. A cooling appliance according to claim 1, characterised in that, apart from in the compartment (15) with the greatest refrigerating output, there are provided in each of the other compartments (16, 17) two temperature sensors, of which one is constructed as an air sensor (27) and the other is arranged at the surfaces of the evaporator (25, 26).
EP93117985A 1992-12-17 1993-11-05 Refrigerator, especially multi-temperature refrigerator Expired - Lifetime EP0602379B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924242776 DE4242776A1 (en) 1992-12-17 1992-12-17 Cooling device, in particular multi-temperature cooling device
DE4242776 1992-12-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0602379A2 EP0602379A2 (en) 1994-06-22
EP0602379A3 EP0602379A3 (en) 1994-07-27
EP0602379B1 true EP0602379B1 (en) 2002-03-20

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EP93117985A Expired - Lifetime EP0602379B1 (en) 1992-12-17 1993-11-05 Refrigerator, especially multi-temperature refrigerator

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DE (2) DE4242776A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0602379T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2173880T3 (en)
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AU707209B2 (en) * 1994-11-11 1999-07-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Refrigerator having high efficiency multi-evaporator cycle (H.M. cycle) and control method thereof
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DE19547744A1 (en) * 1995-12-20 1997-06-26 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Refrigerator
US5896753A (en) * 1996-10-18 1999-04-27 Lg Electronics Inc. Freezing cycle apparatus having quick freezing and thawing functions
DE19818288B4 (en) * 1998-04-23 2009-04-30 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH cooling unit
JP4028688B2 (en) * 2001-03-21 2007-12-26 株式会社東芝 refrigerator
DE10140005A1 (en) 2001-08-16 2003-02-27 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Combination refrigerator and evaporator arrangement therefor
DE102005057149A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2007-06-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Method for operating a refrigerator and refrigerator with a delayed switch on the compressor
DE102007016849A1 (en) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigerating appliance with three temperature zones
DE202008009956U1 (en) * 2008-04-15 2009-08-20 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Fridge and / or freezer
DE102008047818A1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2010-02-25 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Refrigerator/freezer for refrigerating foodstuffs, has temperature zones operating as refrigerating and freezer zones, and capillary pipes attached to outlets of valve, where two pipes include identical lengths and identical flow rates

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4242776A1 (en) 1994-06-23
EP0602379A3 (en) 1994-07-27
DK0602379T3 (en) 2002-07-08
TR27444A (en) 1995-05-24
DE59310273D1 (en) 2002-04-25
EP0602379A2 (en) 1994-06-22
ES2173880T3 (en) 2002-11-01

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