EP0578971A1 - Electrically heated calanderroll - Google Patents

Electrically heated calanderroll Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0578971A1
EP0578971A1 EP93109338A EP93109338A EP0578971A1 EP 0578971 A1 EP0578971 A1 EP 0578971A1 EP 93109338 A EP93109338 A EP 93109338A EP 93109338 A EP93109338 A EP 93109338A EP 0578971 A1 EP0578971 A1 EP 0578971A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating elements
metal
calender roll
roller body
heated calender
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93109338A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0578971B1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Dipl.-Ing. Hellenthal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Walzen Irle GmbH
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Walzen Irle GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0578971A1 publication Critical patent/EP0578971A1/en
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Publication of EP0578971B1 publication Critical patent/EP0578971B1/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21GCALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/02Rolls; Their bearings
    • D21G1/0253Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature
    • D21G1/028Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature using electrical means
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/02Drying on cylinders
    • D21F5/022Heating the cylinders
    • D21F5/024Heating the cylinders using electrical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/06Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
    • B21B27/08Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls internally
    • B21B2027/086Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls internally heating internally

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heatable calender roll for processing web-like materials with a roll body and attached to both sides of the roll body, preferably separately produced and connected to the roll neck, for example by screwing, and with electrical heating elements provided for heating.
  • Heated rollers are already known from DE-OS 27 50 047.
  • longitudinal sections of rolls are heated here by different means, for example gases or hot air streams, but also electrically, for example by means of inductively generated eddy currents.
  • externally heated, heat-transferring media are provided via bores in the roll body provided in roller journals below its jacket, axially parallel channels provided or a flow space formed between the inner jacket of the roller body and the outer jacket of a displacer body introduced therein introduced so that when they flow through the channels or the flow space their walls are able to heat up to a predetermined temperature, which is communicated to the roller surface.
  • the hoses connected to the roller journals in the event of their wear, can raise the risk that heat-transfer medium heated to temperatures between 100 and 200 ° is released.
  • FR-PS 13 43 136 electrical heating elements are accommodated in the interior of a hollow cylindrical roller body, which heat the roller body via a contacting, heat-transferring medium. It proves to be advantageous here that liquid only occurs in an inner, sealed system and the electrical current required for heating can be fed in without problems via slip rings.
  • DE-OS 40 16 823 recommends using a heat transfer medium to provide low-melting metal which is melted in the range of the operating temperatures to be observed and is in the form of a melt or liquid which does not show any significant vapor pressure and which can be circulated in order to homogenize the heat transfer.
  • the temperature that can be achieved in this case proves to be too low in many cases and is also difficult to change if necessary, since it is determined by the boiling point of the liquid intended for convection.
  • Liquid metals allow higher temperatures, but are also sensitive to leaks.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a calender roll which can be heated easily and simply by means of electrical heating elements, and whose heating elements have good heat transfer to the roll body without the use of liquids or remaining gaps affecting the heat transfer.
  • This task is solved by filling the interstices surrounding the heating rods with a metal or a metal alloy, the melting point of which is above the maximum surface temperature of the heating rods reached in the company.
  • the heating rods are arranged in these channels and the spaces between the inner walls of the channels and the jackets of the heating rods are filled by the metal or the metal alloy
  • the heating elements are provided along the inner shell of the roller body and are embedded in metal or metal alloys extending up to this inner shell of the roller body, the melting temperature of which is above the maximum surface temperature of the heating rods reached during operation.
  • a calender roll 1 is shown in longitudinal section and broken off on the left-hand side, the roll body 2 of which is connected on both sides to flange pins 3, which engage in the roll body with lugs in the center and are clamped to the roll body by means of the edge regions of their flange by screws.
  • axially parallel channels 4 are arranged at relatively short intervals below its jacket, which serve to accommodate the heating elements 5, as shown in the enlarged section of FIG.
  • the heating elements 5 are inserted into the relatively long channels 4 and largely, but not completely, fill them.
  • the gaps formed here are filled with the metal 6, which thus has firm contact both with the outer jacket of the heating elements 5 and with the inner jacket of the channels 4 and thus represents a heat transfer of low resistance.
  • the flange pin 3 shown is equipped with two, when using three-phase current with three slip rings 7, which are kept fixed and electrically insulated from each other on an insulating bushing 8.
  • the contact to the slip rings is provided by brushes 9, the feed lines and holders of which are not shown to simplify the illustration.
  • the metal 6 can be a pure metal, but it can also be an alloy of two or more metals.
  • the metal or the alloys will be selected for a recommendably low thermal resistance as well as their ability to make good contact with both the jacket of the heating elements and the inner jacket of the roller body. It is taken into account here that the heat resistance of alloys increases with the alloy ratio.
  • the metal can be poured into the spaces; Here, a relatively low melting point of the metal or alloy is recommended, so that the casting can be carried out without overheating the roller body.
  • a relatively low melting point of the metal or alloy is recommended, so that the casting can be carried out without overheating the roller body.
  • pouring in or blowing in the metal or a metal alloy in the form of powder and, if possible, also for compacting or pressing.
  • roller body is shown solid in FIG. 1, although in practice at least the inner, neutral zone is often drilled out to save weight.
  • tubular roller bodies are also known which, in the case of mostly smaller wall thicknesses, dispense with separately drilled channels.
  • a displacer is inserted in such cases, which, as a passage for the heated oil, provides the space between the inner casing of the roll body and the outer casing of the displacer.
  • the heating elements 10 to be provided according to the invention can also be arranged along the inner jacket of an essentially tubular roller body 11.
  • the thermal connection can be formed by a metal 12 or a metal alloy, which is cast on, for example, by centrifugal casting after the heating elements have been introduced, so that the metal 12 rests on the one hand directly on the inner jacket of the roller body 11 and on the other hand the heating elements 10, enclosing them, embedding them.
  • a displacement body the jacket 13 of which is shown in FIG. 3 and which is either cast when Formwand works or limits the space occupied by the introduction of metal powder.
  • a heating unit that is relatively easy to procure and supply is created, which results in good and recommendable heat dissipation from the heating elements to the roller body without sealing problems due to metal that remains stuck during operation, and that also compensates in the longitudinal direction of the rollers and reduces any temperature gradients can
  • a favorable connection is generally obtained in the case of pouring in the metal, where even the narrowest gaps are filled by the melt introduced by the capillary action.
  • the thermal conductivity and the achievable heat transfer coefficient as well as their melting point will influence the selection.
  • the thermal conductivity and the transition number will be chosen as high as possible, and the melting point only so high that a safe introduction of the melt is possible without endangering the heating elements.
  • the melting temperature of the metal or alloy it is not desirable for the melting temperature of the metal or alloy to be reached during normal operation of the calender roll.
  • the melting point can be set as high as desired.
  • materials which are themselves sensitive and additionally of filling in an inert gas for example an inert gas, and sealing it by means of sealing, casting or the like.
  • an inert gas for example an inert gas
  • the electric heater has not only proven to be useful with regard to the supply, it can also be controlled and regulated quickly and relatively simply in its effectiveness, so that it is optimal Recognized temperatures of the roller surface can be brought up quickly and can be safely maintained.
  • it has proven to be expedient to make further bores or recesses in the roller body and to introduce the respective temperature-sensing sensors into them.
  • 1 shows thermocouples 14, one of which is provided in the edge region of the roller and the other of which is provided approximately in the center.
  • thermocouples 14 can be guided to the next switching station and / or to a control device via further, only slightly loaded slip rings, and can be used to display the respective temperatures, for example at the roll end and in the middle of the roll shell, and / or as a setpoint value Control device are used, which, upstream of the heating elements 5 and 10, determines their effectiveness. It is also possible to divide the heating elements 10 introduced into channels 4 or into the roller body 11 in the axial direction, so that the temperatures in the central regions of the shell of the roller body 2 and in the end regions of the shell can be adjusted separately, with the same Surface temperature can be adjusted and the individual axial sections of the heating elements can only be used to achieve the same temperatures over the length of the roll shell, or different temperatures can also be specified if necessary. Here, too, it is worthwhile to intensify the contact between the thermocouples and the walls of the channels 4 or the inner jacket of the roller body by introducing metals.
  • an AC heater is shown.
  • three-phase current is used and three or four slip rings are provided, one of which can be used for grounding in the latter case.
  • an easily heatable, reliable calender roll with a long service life is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

In order to be able to heat, without difficulty, using rod-shaped electric heating elements 5, a heatable calender roller 1 for processing web-like materials, such as paper, axially parallel channels 4 which are used for heating being situated beneath the peripheral surface of the roller body 2, the heating elements 5 are arranged in the channels 4 and, in order to obtain favourable heat transmission, the spaces between the inside surfaces of the channels and the casings of the heating elements are filled with a metal 6 and/or a metal alloy, the melting point of which is situated above the maximum surface temperature reached during operation by the heating element. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine beheizbare Kalanderwalze zur Bearbeitung bahnartiger Materialien mit einem Walzenkörper und beidseitig an diesen angesetzten, vorzugsweise separat erstellten und mit diesem, bspw. durch Verschrauben, verbundenen Walzenzapfen sowie mit zum Beheizen vorgesehenen elektrischen Heizelementen.The invention relates to a heatable calender roll for processing web-like materials with a roll body and attached to both sides of the roll body, preferably separately produced and connected to the roll neck, for example by screwing, and with electrical heating elements provided for heating.

Beheizbare Walzen sind bereits aus der DE-OS 27 50 047 bekannt. Insbesondere zur thermischen Kalibrierung werden hier Längenabschnitte von Walzen durch unterschiedliche Mittel, bspw. Gase oder Heißluftströme, aber auch elektrisch, bspw. mittels induktiv erzeugter Wirbelströme, beheizt. Vielfach werden entsprechend den DE-GM 84 10 839 und 84 36 564 extern aufgeheizte, Wärme übertragende Medien über in Walzenzapfen vorgesehene Bohrungen im Walzenkörper unterhalb dessen Mantels vorgesehenen achsparallelen Kanälen oder einem zwischen dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers und dem Außenmantel eines in diesen eingebrachten Verdrängerkörpers gebildeten Strömungsraum eingeführt, so daß sie beim Durchströmen der Kanäle bzw. des Strömungsraumes deren Wandungen auf eine vorgegebene Temperatur aufzuheizen vermögen, die sich der Walzenoberfläche mitteilt. Hierbei können die an die Walzenzapfen angeschlossenen Schläuche im Falle ihres Verschleißes Gefahr heraufbeschwören, daß auf Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 200° erhitztes, Wärme übertragendes Medium freigesetzt wird.Heated rollers are already known from DE-OS 27 50 047. For thermal calibration in particular, longitudinal sections of rolls are heated here by different means, for example gases or hot air streams, but also electrically, for example by means of inductively generated eddy currents. In many cases, according to DE-GM 84 10 839 and 84 36 564, externally heated, heat-transferring media are provided via bores in the roll body provided in roller journals below its jacket, axially parallel channels provided or a flow space formed between the inner jacket of the roller body and the outer jacket of a displacer body introduced therein introduced so that when they flow through the channels or the flow space their walls are able to heat up to a predetermined temperature, which is communicated to the roller surface. In this case, the hoses connected to the roller journals, in the event of their wear, can raise the risk that heat-transfer medium heated to temperatures between 100 and 200 ° is released.

Nach der FR-PS 13 43 136 werden im Innenraum eines hohlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Walzenkörpers elektrische Heizelemente untergebracht, welche den Walzenkörper über ein kontaktierendes, die Wärme übertragendes Medium beheizen. Als vorteilhaft erweist sich hier, daß Flüssigkeit nur in einem inneren, abgedichteten System auftritt und der zum Beheizen erforderliche, elektrische Strom über Schleifringe problemlos zuführbar ist.According to FR-PS 13 43 136 electrical heating elements are accommodated in the interior of a hollow cylindrical roller body, which heat the roller body via a contacting, heat-transferring medium. It proves to be advantageous here that liquid only occurs in an inner, sealed system and the electrical current required for heating can be fed in without problems via slip rings.

Da bei Wasser als Wärme übertragendem Medium die zu übertragenden Temperaturen durch dessen Dampfdruck begrenzt sind, während bei der Verwendung von Ölen deren Zersetzungstemperatur eine oft als zu niedrig empfundene Grenze bildet, wird in der DE-OS 40 16 823 empfohlen, als Wärme übertragendes Medium ein niedrig schmelzendes Metall vorzusehen, das im Bereiche der einzuhaltenden Betriebstemperaturen aufgeschmolzen ist und als Schmelze bzw. Flüssigkeit vorliegt, die keinen wesentlichen Dampfdruck zeigt und zur Vergleichmäßigung der Wärmeübertragung sich umwälzen läßt. Etwa gleichzeitig wird in der DE-OS 40 33 986 empfohlen, als ausgleichendes, Wärme verteilendes und übertragendes Medium Wasser zu verwenden, das unter Belassung von Hohlräumen eingegeben ist, so daß zusätzlich zum Konvektionseffekt noch Siede- und Kondensationseffekte treten. Die hierbei erreichbare Temperatur erweist sich als in vielen Fällen zu niedrig und läßt sich im Bedarfsfalle auch schlecht ändern, da sie durch den Siedepunkt der zur Konvektion vorgesehenen Flüssigkeit bestimmt ist. Flüssige Metalle dagegen lassen zwar höhere Temperaturen zu, sind gegen Leckagen aber ebenfalls empfindlich.Since with water as the heat transfer medium the temperatures to be transferred are limited by its vapor pressure, while when using oils the decomposition temperature of which is often perceived as too low a limit, DE-OS 40 16 823 recommends using a heat transfer medium to provide low-melting metal which is melted in the range of the operating temperatures to be observed and is in the form of a melt or liquid which does not show any significant vapor pressure and which can be circulated in order to homogenize the heat transfer. At about the same time, it is recommended in DE-OS 40 33 986 to use water as a balancing, heat-distributing and transferring medium, which is entered while leaving voids, so that boiling and condensation effects occur in addition to the convection effect. The temperature that can be achieved in this case proves to be too low in many cases and is also difficult to change if necessary, since it is determined by the boiling point of the liquid intended for convection. Liquid metals, on the other hand, allow higher temperatures, but are also sensitive to leaks.

Die Erfindung geht daher von der Aufgabe aus, eine Kalanderwalze zu schaffen, die sich vermittels elektrischer Heizelemente leicht und einfach beheizen läßt, und deren Heizelemente einen guten Wärmeübergang zum Walzenkörper aufweisen, ohne daß hierbei Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt werden oder verbliebene Spalte den Wärmeübergang beeinträchtigen.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a calender roll which can be heated easily and simply by means of electrical heating elements, and whose heating elements have good heat transfer to the roll body without the use of liquids or remaining gaps affecting the heat transfer.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe, indem die Heizstäbe umgebende Zwischenräume durch ein Metall bzw. eine Metallegierung ausgefüllt sind, deren Schmelzpunkt oberhalb der im Betriebe erreichten maximalen Oberflächentemperatur der Heizstäbe liegt. Im einzelnen werden bei unterhalb der Mantelfläche des Walzenkörpers vorgesehenen, achsparallelen, der Beheizung dienenden Kanälen die Heizstäbe in diesen Kanälen angeordnet und die Zwischenräume zwischen den Innenwänden der Kanäle und den Mänteln der Heizstäbe durch das Metall bzw. die Metallegierung ausgefüllt, und bei rohrförmigen Walzenkörpern können die Heizelemente entlang des Innenmantels des Walzenkörpers vorgesehen sein und in bis zu diesem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers reichenden Metall- oder Metallegierungen eingebettet sein, deren Schmelztemperatur oberhalb der im Betriebe erreichten maximalen Oberflächentemperatur der Heizstäbe liegt. Hierdurch wird durch metallischen Kontakt eine gute Wärmeübertragung erreicht, ohne daß aufgeheizte Flüssigkeiten zu verwenden sind, die durch Lecks entweichen könnten, so daß ein relativ einfacher, stabiler und betriebssicherer Aufbau erreicht wird.This task is solved by filling the interstices surrounding the heating rods with a metal or a metal alloy, the melting point of which is above the maximum surface temperature of the heating rods reached in the company. Specifically, in the case of axially parallel channels, which are used for heating and are provided below the outer surface of the roller body, the heating rods are arranged in these channels and the spaces between the inner walls of the channels and the jackets of the heating rods are filled by the metal or the metal alloy, and in the case of tubular roller bodies the heating elements are provided along the inner shell of the roller body and are embedded in metal or metal alloys extending up to this inner shell of the roller body, the melting temperature of which is above the maximum surface temperature of the heating rods reached during operation. As a result, good heat transfer is achieved through metallic contact without using heated liquids which could escape through leaks, so that a relatively simple, stable and reliable construction is achieved.

Die Erfindung weiterbildende Maßnahmen sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Measures further developing the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Im einzelnen werden die Kennzeichen der Erfindung anhand der folgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit diese darstellenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen hierbei:

Figur 1
schematisch und abgebrochen den Längsschnitt einer Kalanderwalze,
Figur 2
vergrößert und abgebrochen einen Abschnitt eines Kanales der Figur 1, und
Figur 3
beidseitig abgebrochen den Längsschnitt einer weiteren Kalanderwalze.
The characteristics of the invention are explained in more detail on the basis of the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings which illustrate them. They show:
Figure 1
schematic and broken the longitudinal section of a calender roll,
Figure 2
enlarged and broken off a portion of a channel of Figure 1, and
Figure 3
the longitudinal section of another calender roll broken off on both sides.

In der Figur 1 ist längsgeschnitten und linksseitig abgebrochen eine Kalanderwalze 1 gezeigt, deren Walzenkörper 2 beidseitig mit Flanschzapfen 3 verbunden ist, die mit Ansätzen zentrierend in den Walzenkörper eingreifen und vermittels der Randbereiche ihres Flansches mit dem Walzenkörper durch Schrauben verspannt sind. In dem Walzenkörper 2 sind in relativ kurzen Abständen unterhalb von dessen Mantel jeweils achsparallele Kanäle 4 angeordnet, die zur Aufnahme der Heizelemente 5 dienen, wie im vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Die Heizelemente 5 sind in die relativ langen Kanäle 4 eingeschoben und füllen diese weitgehend, aber nicht völlig aus. Die hier gebildeten Zwischenräume sind mit dem Metall 6 ausgefüllt, das somit sowohl mit dem Außenmantel der Heizelemente 5 als auch mit dem Innenmantel der Kanäle 4 festen Kontakt hat und damit einen Wärmeübergang geringen Widerstandes darstellt.In FIG. 1, a calender roll 1 is shown in longitudinal section and broken off on the left-hand side, the roll body 2 of which is connected on both sides to flange pins 3, which engage in the roll body with lugs in the center and are clamped to the roll body by means of the edge regions of their flange by screws. In the roller body 2, axially parallel channels 4 are arranged at relatively short intervals below its jacket, which serve to accommodate the heating elements 5, as shown in the enlarged section of FIG. The heating elements 5 are inserted into the relatively long channels 4 and largely, but not completely, fill them. The gaps formed here are filled with the metal 6, which thus has firm contact both with the outer jacket of the heating elements 5 and with the inner jacket of the channels 4 and thus represents a heat transfer of low resistance.

Der dargestellte Flanschzapfen 3 ist mit zwei, bei der Verwendung von Drehstrom mit drei Schleifringen 7 ausgestattet, die auf einer Isolierbuchse 8 fest und elektrisch voneinander isoliert gehalten sind. Den Kontakt zu den Schleifringen vermitteln Bürsten 9, deren Zuleitungen und Halterungen zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung nicht dargestellt sind.The flange pin 3 shown is equipped with two, when using three-phase current with three slip rings 7, which are kept fixed and electrically insulated from each other on an insulating bushing 8. The contact to the slip rings is provided by brushes 9, the feed lines and holders of which are not shown to simplify the illustration.

Das Metall 6 kann ein reines Metall sein, es kann sich aber auch um eine Legierung von zwei oder mehreren Metallen handeln. Man wird das Metall bzw. die Legierungen nach einem empfehlenswert niedrigen Wärmewiderstand ebenso aussuchen wie deren Fähigkeit, sowohl mit dem Mantel der Heizelemente als auch dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers einen guten Kontakt zu bilden. Berücksichtigt wird hierbei, daß bei Legierungen der Wärmewiderstand mit dem Legierungsverhältnis steigt.The metal 6 can be a pure metal, but it can also be an alloy of two or more metals. The metal or the alloys will be selected for a recommendably low thermal resistance as well as their ability to make good contact with both the jacket of the heating elements and the inner jacket of the roller body. It is taken into account here that the heat resistance of alloys increases with the alloy ratio.

Zum Einbringen des Metalles gibt es im wesentlichen zwei Möglichkeiten. Das Metall kann in die Zwischenräume eingegossen werden; hier empfiehlt sich ein relativ niedriger Schmelzpunkt des Metalles bzw. der Legierung, so daß ohne allzu große Aufheizung des Walzenkörpers das Eingießen erfolgen kann. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, das Metall oder eine Metallegierung in Form von Pulver einzuschütten bzw. einzublasen und tunlichst auch zu Verdichten bzw. zu Verpressen. Insbesondere im letzten Falle kann es sich als vorteilhaft herausstellen, vor dem dichtenden Abschließen der das Metallpulver enthaltenden Kammer ein Inertgas zuzuführen, um einer oberflächlichen Oxidation des Metallkörpers tunlichst zu begegnen.There are essentially two options for introducing the metal. The metal can be poured into the spaces; Here, a relatively low melting point of the metal or alloy is recommended, so that the casting can be carried out without overheating the roller body. However, there is also the possibility of pouring in or blowing in the metal or a metal alloy in the form of powder and, if possible, also for compacting or pressing. In the latter case in particular, it may prove to be advantageous to supply an inert gas before the chamber containing the metal powder is sealed in order to counteract surface oxidation of the metal body as far as possible.

In der Figur 1 ist der Walzenkörper massiv dargestellt, obwohl in der Praxis zur Gewichtseinsparung oft mindestens die innere, neutrale Zone ausgebohrt wird. Es sind aber auch rohrförmige Walzenkörper bekannt, die bei meist geringerer Wandstärke auf gesondert gebohrte Kanäle verzichten. Bei bspw. mit aufgeheiztem Öl beheizten Kalanderwalzen ist in solchen Fällen ein Verdrängerkörper eingeschoben, der als Passage für das aufgeheizte Öl den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers und dem Außenmantel des Verdrängerkörpers bietet. In analoger Weise können auch die gemäß der Erfindung vorzusehenden Heizelemente 10 entlang des Innenmantels eines im wesentlichen rohrförmigen Walzenkörpers 11 angeordnet sein. Hierbei besteht einerseits die Möglichkeit der Verwendung stabförmiger, achsparallel angeordneter Heizelemente 10 wie auch die Möglichkeit, ringförmige, in axialer Richtung nebeneinander angeordnete Heizelemente vorzusehen. In jedem Falle kann hierbei die thermische Verbindung durch ein Metall 12 oder eine Metallegierung gebildet werden, die nach Einbringen der Heizelemente bspw. im Schleuderguß aufgegossen wird, so daß das Metall 12 einerseits direkt auf dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers 11 aufliegt und andererseits die Heizelemente 10, sie umschließend, einbettet. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, einen Verdrängerkörper zu benutzen, dessen Mantel 13 in der Figur 3 dargestellt ist und der entweder beim Gießen als Formwand arbeitet oder aber beim Einbringen von Metallpulver den von diesem eingenommenen Raum begrenzt.The roller body is shown solid in FIG. 1, although in practice at least the inner, neutral zone is often drilled out to save weight. However, tubular roller bodies are also known which, in the case of mostly smaller wall thicknesses, dispense with separately drilled channels. In calender rolls heated with heated oil, for example, a displacer is inserted in such cases, which, as a passage for the heated oil, provides the space between the inner casing of the roll body and the outer casing of the displacer. In an analogous manner, the heating elements 10 to be provided according to the invention can also be arranged along the inner jacket of an essentially tubular roller body 11. Here, on the one hand, there is the possibility of using rod-shaped heating elements 10 arranged parallel to the axis, as well as the possibility of providing annular heating elements arranged next to one another in the axial direction. In any case, the thermal connection can be formed by a metal 12 or a metal alloy, which is cast on, for example, by centrifugal casting after the heating elements have been introduced, so that the metal 12 rests on the one hand directly on the inner jacket of the roller body 11 and on the other hand the heating elements 10, enclosing them, embedding them. However, there is also the possibility of using a displacement body, the jacket 13 of which is shown in FIG. 3 and which is either cast when Formwand works or limits the space occupied by the introduction of metal powder.

In jedem dieser Fälle wird eine relativ problemlos zu beschaffende und zu versorgende Heizeinheit geschaffen, die durch während des Betriebes festbleibendes Metall eine gute und empfehlenswerte Wärmeableitung von den Heizelementen zum Walzenkörper ohne ^Abdichtungsprobleme ergibt, und die auch in Längsrichtung der Walzen auszugleichen und eventuelle Temperaturgradienten abzubauen vermag. Eine günstige Verbindung wird im allgemeinen im Falle des Eingießens des Metalles erwirkt, wo selbst schmalste Zwischenräume durch die Kapillarwirkung von der eingebrachten Schmelze ausgefüllt werden. Bei der Auswahl des einzubringenden Materiales werden der Wärmeleitwert und die erreichbare Wärmeübergangszahl sowie deren Schmelzpunkt die Auswahl beeinflussen. Den Wärmeleitwert und die Übergangszahl wird man so hoch als möglich wählen, und den Schmelzpunkt nur so hoch, daß ein sicheres Einbringen der Schmelze möglich ist, ohne daß die Heizelemente gefährdet werden. Es ist jedenfalls aber nicht wünschenswert, daß die Schmelztemperatur des Metalles bzw. der Legierung im normalen Betriebe der Kalanderwalze erreicht wird. Bei in Form von Stücken oder Pulver eingebrachtem Material kann der Schmelzpunkt beliebig hoch angesetzt werden. Hier ist jedoch dafür Sorge zu tragen, daß nicht bspw. durch oberflächliche Oxidation oder dergleichen der Wärmeübergang beeinträchtigt werden kann. Es besteht aber durchaus die Möglichkeit, auch ansich empfindliche Materialien zu benutzen und zusätzlich ein Inertgas, bspw. ein Edelgas, einzufüllen und durch Abdichtung, Vergießen oder dergleichen einzusiegeln. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, grundsätzlich durch Eingabe von aushärtenden Klebern die Formkonstanz zu steigern und das Material gegen den direkten Lufzutritt zu schützen.In each of these cases, a heating unit that is relatively easy to procure and supply is created, which results in good and recommendable heat dissipation from the heating elements to the roller body without sealing problems due to metal that remains stuck during operation, and that also compensates in the longitudinal direction of the rollers and reduces any temperature gradients can A favorable connection is generally obtained in the case of pouring in the metal, where even the narrowest gaps are filled by the melt introduced by the capillary action. When selecting the material to be introduced, the thermal conductivity and the achievable heat transfer coefficient as well as their melting point will influence the selection. The thermal conductivity and the transition number will be chosen as high as possible, and the melting point only so high that a safe introduction of the melt is possible without endangering the heating elements. In any case, it is not desirable for the melting temperature of the metal or alloy to be reached during normal operation of the calender roll. With material introduced in the form of pieces or powder, the melting point can be set as high as desired. However, care must be taken here that the heat transfer cannot be impaired, for example, by surface oxidation or the like. However, there is also the possibility of using materials which are themselves sensitive and additionally of filling in an inert gas, for example an inert gas, and sealing it by means of sealing, casting or the like. There is also the possibility of basically increasing the shape consistency by entering hardening adhesives and protecting the material against direct air access.

Die elektrische Heizung hat sich nicht nur bezüglich der Versorgung als zweckmäßig erwiesen, sie läßt sich auch schnell und relativ einfach in ihrer Wirksamkeit steuern bzw. regeln, so daß als optimal erkannte Temperaturen der Walzenoberfläche schnell herbeiführbar sind und sicher aufrecht erhalten werden können. Hierbei hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, in den Walzenkörper weitere Bohrungen bzw. Ausnehmungen einzubringen und in diese die jeweilige temperaturerfassende Sensoren einzubringen. In der Figur 1 sind Thermoelemente 14 dargestellt, deren eines im Randbereich der Walze und deren anderes etwa mittig vorgesehen sind. Über weitere, nur gering belastete Schleifringe können die Anschlüsse der Thermoelemente 14 zum nächsten Schaltstand und/oder zu einer Regeleinrichtung geführt werden, und können dazu benutzt werden, die jeweiligen Temperaturen, beispielsweise am Walzenende und mittig des Walzenmantels, anzuzeigen und/oder als Sollwert einer Regelvorrichtung benutzt werden, welche, den Heizelementen 5 bzw. 10 vorgeordnet, deren Wirksamkeit bestimmt. Hierbei ist es auch möglich, die in Kanäle 4 eingebrachten bzw. in Walzenkörper 11 unterfangenden Heizelemente 10 in axialer Richtung aufzuteilen, so daß die Temperaturen in mittleren Bereichen des Mantels des Walzenkörpers 2 sowie in den Endbereichen des Mantels separat einregelbar sind, wobei auf die gleiche Oberflächentemperatur eingeregelt werden kann und die einzelnen axialen Abschnitte der Heizelemente nur benutzt werden, um über die Länge des Walzenmantels gleiche Temperaturen zu erreichen, oder aber im Bedarfsfalle auch unterschiedliche Temperaturen vorgegeben werden können. Auch hier bewährt es sich, den Kontakt zwischen den Thermoelementen und den Wandungen der Kanäle 4 bzw. dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers durch Einbringen von Metallen zu intensivieren.The electric heater has not only proven to be useful with regard to the supply, it can also be controlled and regulated quickly and relatively simply in its effectiveness, so that it is optimal Recognized temperatures of the roller surface can be brought up quickly and can be safely maintained. Here, it has proven to be expedient to make further bores or recesses in the roller body and to introduce the respective temperature-sensing sensors into them. 1 shows thermocouples 14, one of which is provided in the edge region of the roller and the other of which is provided approximately in the center. The connections of the thermocouples 14 can be guided to the next switching station and / or to a control device via further, only slightly loaded slip rings, and can be used to display the respective temperatures, for example at the roll end and in the middle of the roll shell, and / or as a setpoint value Control device are used, which, upstream of the heating elements 5 and 10, determines their effectiveness. It is also possible to divide the heating elements 10 introduced into channels 4 or into the roller body 11 in the axial direction, so that the temperatures in the central regions of the shell of the roller body 2 and in the end regions of the shell can be adjusted separately, with the same Surface temperature can be adjusted and the individual axial sections of the heating elements can only be used to achieve the same temperatures over the length of the roll shell, or different temperatures can also be specified if necessary. Here, too, it is worthwhile to intensify the contact between the thermocouples and the walls of the channels 4 or the inner jacket of the roller body by introducing metals.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 ist eine Wechselstromheizung dargestellt. Üblicherweise wird man Drehstrom verwenden und drei bzw. vier Schleifringe vorsehen, wobei im letzteren Falle einer für die Erdung genutzt werden kann. In jedem dieser Fälle wird eine leicht aufheizbare, betriebssichere Kalanderwalze langer Standzeit erreicht.In the embodiment of Figure 1, an AC heater is shown. Usually three-phase current is used and three or four slip rings are provided, one of which can be used for grounding in the latter case. In each of these cases, an easily heatable, reliable calender roll with a long service life is achieved.

Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

11
KalanderwalzeCalender roll
22nd
WalzenkörperRoller body
33rd
FlanschzapfenFlange spigot
44th
Kanälechannels
55
HeizelementeHeating elements
66
Metall (eingegossen)Metal (cast)
77
SchleifringeSlip rings
88th
IsolierachseIsolating axis
99
Bürstento brush
1010th
HeizelementeHeating elements
1111
WalzenkörperRoller body
1212th
Metallmetal
1313
Mantel eines VerdrängerkörpersSheath of a displacer

Claims (9)

Beheizbare Kalanderwalze zur Bearbeitung bahnartiger Materialien mit einem Walzenkörper und beidseitig an diesen angesetzten, vorzugsweise separat erstellten und mit diesem, bspw. durch Verschrauben, verbundenen Walzenzapfen und mit unterhalb der Mantelfläche des Walzenkörpers vorgesehenen, achsparallelen, der Beheizung dienenden Kanälen sowie mit zum Beheizen vorgesehenen stabförmigen elektrischen Heizelementen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Heizelemente (5) in den Kanälen (4) angeordnet sind und die Zwischenräume zwischen den Innenmänteln der Kanäle (4) und den Mänteln der Heizelemente (5) durch ein Metall (6) bzw. eine Metallegierung ausgefüllt sind, deren Schmelzpunkt oberhalb der im Betriebe erreichten maximalen Oberflächentemperatur der Heizelemente liegt.
Heated calender roll for processing web-like materials with a roll body and attached to both sides of it, preferably separately created and connected to it, for example by screwing, connected roll journals and with axially parallel channels for heating that are provided underneath the outer surface of the roll body and with rod-shaped ones provided for heating electric heating elements,
characterized,
that the heating elements (5) are arranged in the channels (4) and the spaces between the inner jackets of the channels (4) and the jackets of the heating elements (5) are filled with a metal (6) or a metal alloy, the melting point of which maximum surface temperature of the heating elements reached in operation.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze zur Bearbeitung bahnartiger Materialien mit einem rohrförmigen Walzenkörper und beidseitig an diesen angesetzten, vorzugsweise separat erstellten und mit diesem bspw. durch Verschrauben verbundenen Walzenzapfen sowie mit zum Beheizen vorgesehenen elektrischen Heizelementen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß entlang des Innenmantels des Walzenkörpers (11) Heizeleemente (5) angeordnet sind, und daß die Heizelemente in bis zu dem Innenmantel des Walzenkörpers (11) reichendem Metall (12) bzw. einer Metallegierung eingebettet sind, deren Schmelztemperatur oberhalb der im Betriebe erreichten maximalen Oberflächentemperatur der Heizelemente liegt.
Heated calender roll for processing web-like materials with a tubular roll body and on both sides attached to it, preferably separately created roll studs connected to it, for example by screwing, and with electrical heating elements provided for heating,
characterized,
that heating elements (5) are arranged along the inner shell of the roller body (11), and that the heating elements are embedded in metal (12) or a metal alloy extending to the inner shell of the roller body (11), the melting temperature of which is above the maximum surface temperature of the heating elements reached in the company.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Metall (6, 12) bzw. die Metallegierung eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist.
Heated calender roll according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the metal (6, 12) or the metal alloy has a high thermal conductivity.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Metall (6, 12) bzw. die Metallegierung in Form eines Pulvers ein- oder aufgebracht ist.
Heated calender roll according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the metal (6, 12) or the metal alloy is introduced or applied in the form of a powder.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Metall (6, 12) bzw. die Metallegierung zwischen den Innenmantel eines Walzenkörpers (11) und den Außenmantel (13) eines Verdrängerkörpers eingebracht ist.
Heated calender roll according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the metal (6, 12) or the metal alloy is introduced between the inner casing of a roller body (11) and the outer casing (13) of a displacer.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das die Heizelemente (5, 11) umhüllende Metall (6, 12) bzw. die Metallegierung einen Schmelzpunkt aufweist, der unter dem des Materiales des die Heizelemente (5, 10) umhüllenden Mantels und unter dem des Materiales des Walzenkörpers (2, 11) liegt, und daß das Metall (6, 12) bzw. die Metallegierung als Schmelze ein- bzw. aufgegossen ist.
Heated calender roll according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the heating elements (5, 11) enveloping metal (6, 12) or the metal alloy has a melting point below that of the material of the heating elements (5, 10) sheath and below that of the material of the roller body (2, 11 ) is, and that the metal (6, 12) or the metal alloy is cast or poured as a melt.
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Walzenkörper (2, 11) eine oder mehrere Thermoelemente (14) zur Temperaturerfassung und/oder -regelung vorgesehen sind.
Heated calender roll according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that one or more thermocouples (14) for temperature detection and / or control are provided in the roller body (2, 11).
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Thermoelemente (14) in größerem Abstand von der Walzenachse vorgesehen sind als die Heizelemente (5, 11).
Heated calender roll according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the thermocouples (14) are provided at a greater distance from the roller axis than the heating elements (5, 11).
Beheizbare Kalanderwalze nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Thermoelemente 14 in unterschiedlichen Längenbereichen des Walzenkörpers (2, 11) vorgesehen sind und die Heizelemente in diesen Längenabschnitten zugeordnete Abschnitte aufgeteilt sind.
Heated calender roll according to at least one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that thermocouples 14 are provided in different length ranges of the roller body (2, 11) and the heating elements are divided into sections assigned to these length sections.
EP93109338A 1992-06-22 1993-06-11 Electrically heated calanderroll Expired - Lifetime EP0578971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4220395 1992-06-22
DE4220395 1992-06-22

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EP0578971A1 true EP0578971A1 (en) 1994-01-19
EP0578971B1 EP0578971B1 (en) 1995-09-27

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US (1) US5397290A (en)
EP (1) EP0578971B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE128499T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2098872C (en)
DE (2) DE59300659D1 (en)
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DE19612324C1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-06-05 Jost Mueller Non-distorting calendar roller heated efficiently by electric heaters
DE29614264U1 (en) * 1996-08-17 1997-12-18 Eduard Küsters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, 47805 Krefeld Heated roller
EP0924963A1 (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Kyushu Nissho Structure for uniform heating in a heating device
KR19990050317A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-07-05 토쿠모토 마사히사 Uniform heating structure in the heating structure
US6694873B1 (en) 1999-06-18 2004-02-24 Holographic Label Converting, Inc. Microembosser for faster production of holographic labels
US6694872B1 (en) 1999-06-18 2004-02-24 Holographic Label Converting, Inc. In-line microembossing, laminating, printing, and diecutting
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US7594329B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2009-09-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heat insulation roller and manufacturing method thereof
BRPI1002370A2 (en) * 2010-07-01 2012-03-13 Antonio Oecksler Airton CAST SILK ROLLER WITH HEATING SYSTEM FOR GLASS TEMPERATURE AND THERMAL MATERIAL TREATMENT
CN110924217B (en) * 2019-12-17 2021-04-23 浙江金龙再生资源科技股份有限公司 Soft calender roll equipment for improving smoothness of paper and soft pressing method

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DE59300659D1 (en) 1995-11-02
EP0578971B1 (en) 1995-09-27
US5397290A (en) 1995-03-14
FI110276B (en) 2002-12-31
CA2098872A1 (en) 1993-12-23
DE4319868A1 (en) 1993-12-23
FI932864A (en) 1993-12-23
ATE128499T1 (en) 1995-10-15
FI932864A0 (en) 1993-06-21
CA2098872C (en) 2003-12-23

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