EP0574305A1 - Device for electrostatic spraying of powdery product comprising a rotating ionisation head - Google Patents

Device for electrostatic spraying of powdery product comprising a rotating ionisation head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0574305A1
EP0574305A1 EP93401461A EP93401461A EP0574305A1 EP 0574305 A1 EP0574305 A1 EP 0574305A1 EP 93401461 A EP93401461 A EP 93401461A EP 93401461 A EP93401461 A EP 93401461A EP 0574305 A1 EP0574305 A1 EP 0574305A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deflector
air
electrode
bowl
projection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93401461A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0574305B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Chabert
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Sames Kremlin SAS
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Sames SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1064—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces the liquid or other fluent material to be sprayed being axially supplied to the rotating member through a hollow rotating shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0418—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces designed for spraying particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0426—Means for supplying shaping gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/10—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member, i.e. the spraying being effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B3/1092—Means for supplying shaping gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product such as for example a hot-melt paint and relates more particularly to an improvement of the electrostatic charging means of the powder, making it possible to obtain a broad impact on the object. and excellent homogeneity of the deposit over the entire width of said impact.
  • a powder coating product such as for example a hot-melt paint
  • the invention also makes it possible to improve the deposition yield, compared with what is obtained with conventional devices.
  • the invention relates to a device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product for covering objects, comprising a supply channel for an air-powder mixture opening axially at the bottom of an ionization head.
  • a device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product for covering objects comprising a supply channel for an air-powder mixture opening axially at the bottom of an ionization head.
  • the above-mentioned rotating part can be the generally bowl-shaped element or the deflector. It is preferable that the rotating part is that which more particularly constitutes the electrode, that is to say here the deflector. However, in a simple and effective way, it is the whole of the ionization head (that is to say the bowl-shaped element and the deflector) which is mounted rotating around a longitudinal axis coincident with that of said feed channel opening at the bottom of the ionization head. In this case, said deflector is fixed to said bowl-shaped element by bracing means.
  • the bowl-shaped element is generally made of insulating material.
  • the deflector can be of conductive material and in this case it has a sharp edge at its outer periphery so that an ionized electric field can be established between this edge and the counter-electrode.
  • the field lines "wrap" the annular ejection outlet of the air-powder mixture so that the powder particles are more effectively charged by ions emitted by the electrode.
  • the deflector can also be made of insulating material.
  • conductive elements are embedded inside the deflector and emerge in the form of points at the periphery of the latter. It suffices to provide a sufficient number of tips regularly disposed at the periphery of the deflector so that the electric ionization field can be established between these different tips brought to a high voltage and the counter-electrode, the operation being the same as 'with an electrode constituted by the whole of the deflector made of conductive material.
  • the electrostatic projection device shown in Figure 1 mainly consists of a body 11, generally cylindrical, provided with an axial recess 12 housing a feed channel 13 of an air-powder mixture and a turbine 14 with pneumatic drive arranged around this channel.
  • the output shaft 15, in the form of a sleeve, of this turbine protrudes beyond a front face of the body 11 and carries an ionization head 16 which will be described in detail below.
  • the body 11 is extended by a rear element 18 also made of insulating material, shaped to engage in the recess 12 over a certain axial distance to the rear of the turbine.
  • This element carries a connection end piece 20, for the air-powder mixture, a high voltage connector 22 intended to be connected, by an electric cable 22 a , to a high voltage source, a compressed air connection end piece 24 , in particular for supplying the turbine and a ground connector 28, intended to be connected to earth by an electric cable 28 a .
  • the feed channel 13 is materialized by a conduit 13a, rigid, integral with the rear element 18 and communicating with the nozzle 20. This duct extends axially in a sleeve 29 forming the support of the turbine 14. This sleeve is axially screwed into the element 18 and extends into the recess 12 of the body 11.
  • the conduit 13 a protrudes from the body 11 beyond its front face above, which is capped by a cap 30 screwed onto a external thread of said body.
  • the rotor 32 of the turbine carrying the blades 33 is mounted rotating on the sleeve 29 by two axially spaced ball bearings 34.
  • the high voltage is applied to the ionization head via a contact element 35, a resistor 36 (82 M ⁇ ) limiting the current and the components of the turbine 14, made of conductive material.
  • the electrical connection between the resistor 36 and the turbine is ensured by a metal spring 37 compressed between one end of the resistor and an annular contact piece 38 interposed between the element 18 and the turbine 14.
  • Between the front face of the body 11 and the cap 30 are defined annular chambers supplied with compressed air.
  • An annular chamber 40 is located in the immediate vicinity of the shaft 15 and the air escapes through the annular clearance defined between the cap 30 and the shaft 15 ensuring permanent cleaning of the latter.
  • Another annular chamber 42 feeds drive air ejection channels 43, the orifices of which are arranged coaxially and behind the ionization head 16, towards the periphery thereof to create a current of air entraining the air-powder mixture towards the object to be covered.
  • a cylindrical, annular counter-electrode 45 is housed in an annular cavity defined between the body 11 and the cap 30. It is arranged axially set back relative to the ionization head.
  • This counter-electrode, with a porous structure, is placed over a groove 46 formed in the body 11 and supplied with compressed air. The air escapes radially through holes 47 of the cap 30, regularly arranged circumferentially. Thus, the ions collected by the counter-electrode pass through the holes 47 but the air which escapes therefrom prevents the powder from accumulating on this counter-electrode.
  • the latter is connected to earth by conductive elements such as, in the example shown, a metal spring 48, a metal ball 49, another metal spring 50, a resistor 51 (500 M ⁇ ), connector 28 and power cable 28 a . Holes are made in the body 11 to supply the chambers 40 and 42 and the groove 46.
  • the ionization head comprises a generally bowl-shaped element 56, here made of insulating material and a deflector 58, here made of metal.
  • the element 56 comprises a tubular hub 57 screwed into the shaft 15 of the turbine.
  • the conduit 13 a is engaged in the axial recess of the hub 57, without contact with it, and opens at the bottom of the element 56 in the form of a bowl.
  • the deflector 58 is arranged coaxially at the front of the orifice of the channel 13, being spaced from the element 56 by bracing means 60.
  • the deflector extends radially to the periphery of the shaped element bowl 56 so as to define with it an annular ejection outlet 62 for the air-powder mixture.
  • the edge of the deflector 58 constitutes a charging electrode.
  • the edge of the deflector 58 has a sharp edge 58 a at its external periphery.
  • the deflector being integral with the bowl-shaped element 56, it is the assembly of the ionization head which is rotated by the turbine.
  • the bracing means 60 and in particular the screws 64, metallic, which make it possible to connect the deflector 58 to the high voltage. More specifically, the screws 64 pass through the bowl-shaped element 56 and are screwed into a metal ring 66 in electrical contact with the end of the shaft 15 of the turbine.
  • the deflector 68 is made of insulating material in which, during molding, conductive elements 70, 72 are electrically connected to the screws 64 of the bracing means.
  • each point emerges inside a small crater 74 hollowed out in the peripheral edge of the deflector. So defined, the deflector 68 can replace the deflector 58 of FIG. 1.
  • the air-powder mixture circulating in the axial channel 13 strikes the rotating deflector and engages in the space defined between the bowl-shaped element 56 and the internal wall of the deflector, up to the annular outlet. 62. On leaving, the powder particles are charged by bombardment of ions emitted by the deflector forming an electrode.
  • the ions emitted by the charging electrode can follow two paths. Part of the ions go to the counter electrode and the other part to the object to be covered. The presence of the counter-electrode makes it possible to obtain a good charge of the powder while limiting the current towards the object.
  • the ion current which is established between the electrode and the counter-electrode is equal to approximately four times the charge carried by the powder and four times the ion current which s' establishes between the deflector and the object to be covered. It is estimated that the rotation of the ionization head makes it possible to better homogenize the air-powder mixture at the outlet 62 and thus to promote better loading of the powder particles.

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  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Rotating ionisation head for the electrostatic application of an air/powder mixture, especially for coating objects with heat-meltable powdered paint. According to the invention, the ionisation head (16), rotationally driven by a turbine (14), includes a deflector (58) including or constituting a charging electrode, whereas a counterelectrode (45) is arranged axially, set back from the ionisation head. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de projection électrostatique d'un produit de revêtement en poudre tel que par exemple une peinture thermofusible et concerne plus particulièrement un perfectionnement des moyens de charge électrostatique de la poudre, permettant d'obtenir un large impact sur l'objet et une excellente homogénéité du dépôt sur toute la largeur dudit impact.The invention relates to a device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product such as for example a hot-melt paint and relates more particularly to an improvement of the electrostatic charging means of the powder, making it possible to obtain a broad impact on the object. and excellent homogeneity of the deposit over the entire width of said impact.

L'invention permet également d'améliorer le rendement de dépôt, comparativement à ce qui est obtenu avec les dispositifs classiques.The invention also makes it possible to improve the deposition yield, compared with what is obtained with conventional devices.

On connaît des dispositifs de projection électrostatique à tête d'ionisation tournante. Par exemple, le brevet américain N° 4 114 564 décrit un tel dispositif dans lequel la poudre est éjectée axialement au centre d'un élément globalement en forme de bol entraîné en rotation et porté à une haute tension. Le champ électrique d'ionisation s'établit entre ladite tête d'ionisation et l'objet à recouvrir qui est au potentiel de la terre. Il en résulte un courant d'ions important entre le dispositif de pulvérisation et l'objet à recouvrir, qui peut être à l'origine d'une mauvaise qualité du dépôt et/ou rendre difficile le dépôt de poudre sur des pièces isolantes en surface. L'invention permet d'améliorer la charge électrostatique de la poudre tout en diminuant le courant d'ions reçu par l'objet.There are known electrostatic projection devices with a rotating ionization head. For example, US Pat. No. 4,114,564 describes such a device in which the powder is ejected axially at the center of a generally bowl-shaped element driven in rotation and brought to a high voltage. The ionization electric field is established between said ionization head and the object to be covered which is at ground potential. This results in a large ion current between the spraying device and the object to be covered, which can be the cause of poor quality of the deposit and / or make it difficult to deposit powder on insulating parts on the surface. . The invention improves the electrostatic charge of the powder while reducing the ion current received by the object.

Dans cet esprit, l'invention concerne un dispositif de projection électrostatique d'un produit de revêtement en poudre pour recouvrir des objets, comportant un canal d'alimentation d'un mélange air-poudre débouchant axialement au fond d'une tête d'ionisation comprenant un élément globalement en forme de bol et comportant au moins une partie tournante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une contre-électrode, agencée axialement en retrait par rapport à ladite tête d'ionisation et en ce que cette dernière comporte un déflecteur agencé coaxialement à l'avant de l'orifice dudit canal, espacé dudit élément en forme de bol et s'étendant jusqu'à la périphérie de celui-ci de façon à définir avec lui une sortie d'éjection annulaire pour le mélange air-poudre, le bord de ce déflecteur constituant ou portant une électrode de charge.In this spirit, the invention relates to a device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product for covering objects, comprising a supply channel for an air-powder mixture opening axially at the bottom of an ionization head. comprising an element generally in the form of a bowl and comprising at least one rotating part, characterized in that it also comprises a counter-electrode, arranged axially set back relative to said ionization head and in that the latter comprises a deflector arranged coaxially in front of the orifice of said channel, spaced from said element in bowl-shaped and extending to the periphery thereof so as to define with it an annular ejection outlet for the air-powder mixture, the edge of this deflector constituting or carrying a charging electrode.

La partie tournante précitée peut être l'élément globalement en forme de bol ou le déflecteur. Il est préférable que la partie tournante soit celle qui constitue plus particulièrement l'électrode, c'est-à-dire ici le déflecteur. Cependant, de façon simple et efficace, c'est l'ensemble de la tête d'ionisation (c'est-à-dire l'élément en forme de bol et le déflecteur) qui est monté tournant autour d'un axe longitudinal confondu avec celui dudit canal d'alimentation débouchant au fond de la tête d'ionisation. Dans ce cas, ledit déflecteur est fixé audit élément en forme de bol par des moyens d'entretoisement.The above-mentioned rotating part can be the generally bowl-shaped element or the deflector. It is preferable that the rotating part is that which more particularly constitutes the electrode, that is to say here the deflector. However, in a simple and effective way, it is the whole of the ionization head (that is to say the bowl-shaped element and the deflector) which is mounted rotating around a longitudinal axis coincident with that of said feed channel opening at the bottom of the ionization head. In this case, said deflector is fixed to said bowl-shaped element by bracing means.

L'élément en forme de bol est généralement en matériau isolant. Le déflecteur peut être en matériau conducteur et dans ce cas il présente une arête vive à sa périphérie externe de sorte qu'un champ électrique ionisé puisse s'établir entre cette arête et la contre-électrode. Les lignes de champs "enveloppent" la sortie d'éjection annulaire du mélange air-poudre de sorte que les particules de poudre soient plus efficacement chargées par des ions émis par l'électrode.The bowl-shaped element is generally made of insulating material. The deflector can be of conductive material and in this case it has a sharp edge at its outer periphery so that an ionized electric field can be established between this edge and the counter-electrode. The field lines "wrap" the annular ejection outlet of the air-powder mixture so that the powder particles are more effectively charged by ions emitted by the electrode.

Selon une variante, le déflecteur peut aussi être en matériau isolant. Dans ce cas, des éléments conducteurs sont noyés à l'intérieur du déflecteur et émergent sous forme de pointes a la périphérie de ce dernier. Il suffit de prévoir un nombre suffisant de pointes régulièrement disposées à la périphérie du déflecteur de façon que le champ électrique d'ionisation puisse s'établir entre ces différentes pointes portées à une haute tension et la contre-électrode, le fonctionnement étant le même qu'avec une électrode constituée par l'ensemble du déflecteur en matériau conducteur.According to a variant, the deflector can also be made of insulating material. In this case, conductive elements are embedded inside the deflector and emerge in the form of points at the periphery of the latter. It suffices to provide a sufficient number of tips regularly disposed at the periphery of the deflector so that the electric ionization field can be established between these different tips brought to a high voltage and the counter-electrode, the operation being the same as 'with an electrode constituted by the whole of the deflector made of conductive material.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue partiellement en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif de projection électrostatique d'un produit de revêtement en poudre conforme à l'invention; et
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle illustrant une variante du déflecteur de la tête d'ionisation du dispositif de la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a view partially in longitudinal section of an electrostatic spraying device of a powder coating product according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view illustrating a variant of the deflector of the ionization head of the device in FIG. 1.

Le dispositif de projection électrostatique représenté sur la figure 1 se compose principalement d'un corps 11, globalement cylindrique, pourvu d'un évidement axial 12 abritant un canal d'alimentation 13 d'un mélange air-poudre et une turbine 14 à entraînement pneumatique agencée autour de ce canal. L'arbre de sortie 15, en forme de manchon, de cette turbine fait saillie au-delà d'une face frontale du corps 11 et porte une tête d'ionisation 16 qui sera décrite en détails plus loin. Du côté opposé, le corps 11 est prolongé par un élément arrière 18 également en matériau isolant, conformé pour s'engager dans l'évidement 12 sur une certaine distance axiale jusqu'à l'arrière de la turbine. Cet élément porte un embout de raccordement 20, pour le mélange air-poudre, un connecteur de haute tension 22 destiné à être relié, par un câble électrique 22a, à une source de haute tension, un embout de raccordement d'air comprimé 24, notamment pour l'alimentation de la turbine et un connecteur de masse 28, destiné à être relié à la terre par un câble électrique 28a. Le canal d'alimentation 13 est matérialisé par un conduit 13a, rigide, solidaire de l'élément arrière 18 et communiquant avec l'embout 20. Ce conduit s'étend axialement dans un manchon 29 formant le support de la turbine 14. Ce manchon est vissé axialement dans l'élément 18 et s'étend dans l'évidement 12 du corps 11. Le conduit 13a fait saillie du corps 11 au-delà de sa face frontale précitée, laquelle est coiffée par un capuchon 30 vissé sur un filetage externe dudit corps. Le rotor 32 de la turbine portant les pales 33 est monté tournant sur le manchon 29 par deux roulements à billes 34 espacés axialement. La haute tension est appliquée à la tête d'ionisation via un élément de contact 35, une résistance 36 (82 MΩ) limitant le courant et les éléments constitutifs de la turbine 14, en matériau conducteur. La liaison électrique entre la résistance 36 et la turbine est assurée par un ressort métallique 37 comprimé entre une extrémité de la résistance et une pièce de contact annulaire 38 intercalée entre l'élément 18 et la turbine 14. Entre la face frontale du corps 11 et le capuchon 30 sont définies des chambres annulaires alimentées en air comprimé. Une chambre annulaire 40 est située au voisinage immédiat de l'arbre 15 et l'air s'échappe par le jeu annulaire défini entre le capuchon 30 et l'arbre 15 assurant le nettoyage permanent de celui-ci. Une autre chambre annulaire 42 alimente des canaux d'éjection d'air d'entraînement 43 dont les orifices sont agencés coaxialement et à l'arrière de la tête d'ionisation 16, vers la périphérie de celle-ci pour créer un courant d'air d'entraînement du mélange air-poudre en direction de l'objet à recouvrir.The electrostatic projection device shown in Figure 1 mainly consists of a body 11, generally cylindrical, provided with an axial recess 12 housing a feed channel 13 of an air-powder mixture and a turbine 14 with pneumatic drive arranged around this channel. The output shaft 15, in the form of a sleeve, of this turbine protrudes beyond a front face of the body 11 and carries an ionization head 16 which will be described in detail below. On the opposite side, the body 11 is extended by a rear element 18 also made of insulating material, shaped to engage in the recess 12 over a certain axial distance to the rear of the turbine. This element carries a connection end piece 20, for the air-powder mixture, a high voltage connector 22 intended to be connected, by an electric cable 22 a , to a high voltage source, a compressed air connection end piece 24 , in particular for supplying the turbine and a ground connector 28, intended to be connected to earth by an electric cable 28 a . The feed channel 13 is materialized by a conduit 13a, rigid, integral with the rear element 18 and communicating with the nozzle 20. This duct extends axially in a sleeve 29 forming the support of the turbine 14. This sleeve is axially screwed into the element 18 and extends into the recess 12 of the body 11. the conduit 13 a protrudes from the body 11 beyond its front face above, which is capped by a cap 30 screwed onto a external thread of said body. The rotor 32 of the turbine carrying the blades 33 is mounted rotating on the sleeve 29 by two axially spaced ball bearings 34. The high voltage is applied to the ionization head via a contact element 35, a resistor 36 (82 MΩ) limiting the current and the components of the turbine 14, made of conductive material. The electrical connection between the resistor 36 and the turbine is ensured by a metal spring 37 compressed between one end of the resistor and an annular contact piece 38 interposed between the element 18 and the turbine 14. Between the front face of the body 11 and the cap 30 are defined annular chambers supplied with compressed air. An annular chamber 40 is located in the immediate vicinity of the shaft 15 and the air escapes through the annular clearance defined between the cap 30 and the shaft 15 ensuring permanent cleaning of the latter. Another annular chamber 42 feeds drive air ejection channels 43, the orifices of which are arranged coaxially and behind the ionization head 16, towards the periphery thereof to create a current of air entraining the air-powder mixture towards the object to be covered.

En outre, une contre-électrode 45 cylindrique, annulaire, est logée dans une cavité annulaire définie entre le corps 11 et le capuchon 30. Elle est agencée axialement en retrait par rapport à la tête d'ionisation. Cette contre-électrode, à structure poreuse, est placée en recouvrement d'une gorge 46 pratiquée dans le corps 11 et alimentée en air comprimé. L'air s'échappe radialement par des trous 47 du capuchon 30, régulièrement disposés circonférentiellement. Ainsi, les ions collectés par la contre-électrode passent par les trous 47 mais l'air qui s'en échappe empêche la poudre de s'accumuler sur cette contre-électrode. Cette dernière est reliée à la terre par des éléments conducteurs tels que, dans l'exemple représenté, un ressort métallique 48, une bille métallique 49, un autre ressort métallique 50, une résistance 51 (500 MΩ), le connecteur 28 et le cable électrique 28a. Des perçages sont pratiqués dans le corps 11 pour l'alimentation des chambres 40 et 42 et de la gorge 46.In addition, a cylindrical, annular counter-electrode 45 is housed in an annular cavity defined between the body 11 and the cap 30. It is arranged axially set back relative to the ionization head. This counter-electrode, with a porous structure, is placed over a groove 46 formed in the body 11 and supplied with compressed air. The air escapes radially through holes 47 of the cap 30, regularly arranged circumferentially. Thus, the ions collected by the counter-electrode pass through the holes 47 but the air which escapes therefrom prevents the powder from accumulating on this counter-electrode. The latter is connected to earth by conductive elements such as, in the example shown, a metal spring 48, a metal ball 49, another metal spring 50, a resistor 51 (500 MΩ), connector 28 and power cable 28 a . Holes are made in the body 11 to supply the chambers 40 and 42 and the groove 46.

La tête d'ionisation comporte un élément globalement en forme de bol 56, ici en matériau isolant et un déflecteur 58, ici métallique. L'élément 56 comporte un moyeu tubulaire 57 vissé dans l'arbre 15 de la turbine. Le conduit 13a est engagé dans l'évidement axial du moyeu 57, sans contact avec lui, et débouche au fond de l'élément 56 en forme de bol. Le déflecteur 58 est disposé coaxialement à l'avant de l'orifice du canal 13 en étant espacé de l'élément 56 par des moyens d'entretoisement 60. Le déflecteur s'étend radialement jusqu'à la périphérie de l'élément en forme de bol 56 de façon à définir avec lui une sortie d'éjection annulaire 62 pour le mélange air-poudre. Le bord du déflecteur 58 constitue une électrode de charge.The ionization head comprises a generally bowl-shaped element 56, here made of insulating material and a deflector 58, here made of metal. The element 56 comprises a tubular hub 57 screwed into the shaft 15 of the turbine. The conduit 13 a is engaged in the axial recess of the hub 57, without contact with it, and opens at the bottom of the element 56 in the form of a bowl. The deflector 58 is arranged coaxially at the front of the orifice of the channel 13, being spaced from the element 56 by bracing means 60. The deflector extends radially to the periphery of the shaped element bowl 56 so as to define with it an annular ejection outlet 62 for the air-powder mixture. The edge of the deflector 58 constitutes a charging electrode.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, le bord du déflecteur 58 présente une arête vive 58a à sa périphérie externe. De plus, le déflecteur étant solidaire de l'élément en forme de bol 56, c'est l'ensemble de la tête d'ionisation qui est entraînée en rotation par la turbine. Ce sont les moyens d'entretoisement 60 et notamment les vis 64, métalliques, qui permettent de connecter le déflecteur 58 à la haute tension. Plus précisément, les vis 64 traversent l'élément 56 en forme de bol et sont vissées dans une couronne métallique 66 en contact électrique avec l'extrémité de l'arbre 15 de la turbine.In the example of FIG. 1, the edge of the deflector 58 has a sharp edge 58 a at its external periphery. In addition, the deflector being integral with the bowl-shaped element 56, it is the assembly of the ionization head which is rotated by the turbine. These are the bracing means 60 and in particular the screws 64, metallic, which make it possible to connect the deflector 58 to the high voltage. More specifically, the screws 64 pass through the bowl-shaped element 56 and are screwed into a metal ring 66 in electrical contact with the end of the shaft 15 of the turbine.

Dans la variante de la figure 2, le déflecteur 68 est en matériau isolant dans lequel on a noyé, au moulage, des éléments conducteurs 70, 72 électriquement connectés aux vis 64 des moyens d'entretoisement. Les éléments conducteurs 70 agencés radialement émergent sous forme de pointes à la périphérie du déflecteur. Avantageusement, chaque pointe émerge à l'intérieur d'un petit cratère 74 creusé dans le bord périphérique du déflecteur. Ainsi défini, le déflecteur 68 peut remplacer le déflecteur 58 de la figure 1.In the variant of FIG. 2, the deflector 68 is made of insulating material in which, during molding, conductive elements 70, 72 are electrically connected to the screws 64 of the bracing means. The conductive elements 70 arranged radially emerge in the form of points at the periphery of the deflector. Advantageously, each point emerges inside a small crater 74 hollowed out in the peripheral edge of the deflector. So defined, the deflector 68 can replace the deflector 58 of FIG. 1.

En fonctionnement, le mélange air-poudre circulant dans le canal axial 13 vient frapper le déflecteur tournant et s'engage dans l'espace défini entre l'élément 56 en forme de bol et la paroi interne du déflecteur, jusqu'à la sortie annulaire 62. A leur sortie, les particules de poudre sont chargées par bombardement d'ions émis par le déflecteur formant électrode.In operation, the air-powder mixture circulating in the axial channel 13 strikes the rotating deflector and engages in the space defined between the bowl-shaped element 56 and the internal wall of the deflector, up to the annular outlet. 62. On leaving, the powder particles are charged by bombardment of ions emitted by the deflector forming an electrode.

En effet, les ions émis par l'électrode de charge peuvent suivre deux trajets. Une partie des ions se dirige vers la contre-électrode et l'autre partie vers l'objet à recouvrir. La présence de la contre-électrode permet d'obtenir une bonne charge de la poudre tout en limitant le courant vers l'objet.Indeed, the ions emitted by the charging electrode can follow two paths. Part of the ions go to the counter electrode and the other part to the object to be covered. The presence of the counter-electrode makes it possible to obtain a good charge of the powder while limiting the current towards the object.

A titre d'exemple, on estime que le courant d'ions qui s'établit entre l'électrode et la contre-électrode est égal à environ quatre fois la charge portée par la poudre et quatre fois le courant d'ions qui s'établit entre le déflecteur et l'objet à recouvrir. On estime que la rotation de la tête d'ionisation permet de mieux homogénéiser le mélange air-poudre à la sortie 62 et de favoriser ainsi une meilleure charge des particules de poudre.For example, it is estimated that the ion current which is established between the electrode and the counter-electrode is equal to approximately four times the charge carried by the powder and four times the ion current which s' establishes between the deflector and the object to be covered. It is estimated that the rotation of the ionization head makes it possible to better homogenize the air-powder mixture at the outlet 62 and thus to promote better loading of the powder particles.

Claims (8)

1- Dispositif de projection électrostatique d'un produit de revêtement en poudre pour recouvrir des objets, comportant un canal d'alimentation (13) d'un mélange air-poudre débouchant axialement au fond d'une tête d'ionisation (16) comprenant un élément globalement en forme de bol (56) et comportant au moins une partie tournante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une contre-électrode (45) agencée axialement en retrait par rapport à ladite tête d'ionisation et en ce que cette dernière comporte un déflecteur (58, 68) agencé coaxialement à l'avant de l'orifice dudit canal (13), espacé dudit élément en forme de bol et s'étendant jusqu'à la périphérie de celui-ci de façon à définir avec lui une sortie d'éjection annulaire (62) pour le mélange air-poudre, le bord de ce déflecteur constituant ou portant une électrode de charge. 1- Device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product for covering objects, comprising a supply channel (13) of an air-powder mixture opening axially at the bottom of an ionization head (16) comprising a generally bowl-shaped element (56) and comprising at least one rotating part, characterized in that it further comprises a counter-electrode (45) arranged axially set back with respect to said ionization head and in that the latter comprises a deflector (58, 68) arranged coaxially in front of the orifice of said channel (13), spaced from said bowl-shaped element and extending to the periphery thereof so as to define with it an annular ejection outlet (62) for the air-powder mixture, the edge of this deflector constituting or carrying a charging electrode. 2- Dispositif de projection selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit déflecteur (58) est en matériau conducteur et présente une arête vive (58a) à sa périphérie externe et en ce qu'il est fixé par des moyens d'entretoisement (60) audit élément en forme de bol, ce dernier étant fixé à un moyen d'entraînement en rotation, tel qu'une turbine (14). 2- projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said deflector (58) is made of conductive material and has a sharp edge (58a) at its outer periphery and in that it is fixed by bracing means ( 60) to said bowl-shaped element, the latter being fixed to a rotational drive means, such as a turbine (14). 3- Dispositif de projection selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément en forme de bol étant en matériau isolant, lesdits moyens d'entretoisement (60) comportent des parties métalliques (64) agencées pour connecter ledit déflecteur à une haute tension. 3- projection device according to claim 2, characterized in that said bowl-shaped element being of insulating material, said bracing means (60) comprise metal parts (64) arranged to connect said deflector to a high voltage. 4- Dispositif de projection selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit déflecteur (68) est en matériau isolant à l'intérieur duquel sont noyés des éléments conducteurs (70, 72), reliés à une haute tension, certains émergeant sous forme de pointes à la périphérie dudit déflecteur. 4- projection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said deflector (68) is made of insulating material inside which are embedded conductive elements (70, 72), connected to a high voltage, some emerging in the form of points at the periphery of said deflector. 5- Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite contre-électrode (45) annulaire, est installée dans une cavité annulaire communiquant avec l'extérieur par une série de trous (47) régulièrement espacés. 5- projection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said annular counter-electrode (45) is installed in an annular cavity communicating with the outside by a series of regularly spaced holes (47). 6- Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite contre-électrode (45) est une électrode poreuse, connue en soi, placée au-dessus d'une gorge de soufflage d'air (46) reliée à une source d'air comprimé. 6- projection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said counter-electrode (45) is a porous electrode, known per se, placed above a blown air groove (46) to a source of compressed air. 7- Dispositif de projection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des canaux (43) d'éjection d'air d'entraînement du mélange air-poudre, dont les orifices sont agencés coaxialement et à l'arrière de ladite tête d'ionisation, pour entraîner le mélange air-poudre vers un objet à recouvrir. 7- A projection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises channels (43) for ejecting air for driving the air-powder mixture, the orifices of which are arranged coaxially and at the rear of said ionization head, to drive the air-powder mixture towards an object to be covered. 8- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une chambre annulaire (40) est définie autour de l'arbre (15) portant la tête d'ionisation et en ce que cette chambre annulaire communique avec une source d'air comprimé. 8- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an annular chamber (40) is defined around the shaft (15) carrying the ionization head and in that this annular chamber communicates with a source of 'pressurized air.
EP93401461A 1992-06-10 1993-06-09 Device for electrostatic spraying of powdery product comprising a rotating ionisation head Expired - Lifetime EP0574305B1 (en)

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FR929206962A FR2692173B1 (en) 1992-06-10 1992-06-10 Device for electrostatic projection of a powder coating product with a rotating ionization head.
FR9206962 1992-06-10

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JP (1) JP3291503B2 (en)
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US5908162A (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-06-01 Nordson Corporation Spray gun having an anti-back-ionization probe with a control system therefor
US5938126A (en) * 1998-03-23 1999-08-17 Nordson Corporation Spray gun having a current monitored anti-back-ionization probe
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DE69310026D1 (en) 1997-05-28
ES2101257T3 (en) 1997-07-01
JP3291503B2 (en) 2002-06-10
US5353995A (en) 1994-10-11
EP0574305B1 (en) 1997-04-23
CA2098050C (en) 2005-07-26
JPH0655105A (en) 1994-03-01
FR2692173A1 (en) 1993-12-17
CA2098050A1 (en) 1993-12-11
FR2692173B1 (en) 1994-09-02
DE69310026T2 (en) 1997-08-21

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