EP0496016B1 - Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression - Google Patents

Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0496016B1
EP0496016B1 EP91100787A EP91100787A EP0496016B1 EP 0496016 B1 EP0496016 B1 EP 0496016B1 EP 91100787 A EP91100787 A EP 91100787A EP 91100787 A EP91100787 A EP 91100787A EP 0496016 B1 EP0496016 B1 EP 0496016B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
nozzle
nozzle orifice
cover
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91100787A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0496016A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Döbbeling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to DE59105449T priority Critical patent/DE59105449D1/de
Priority to EP91100787A priority patent/EP0496016B1/fr
Priority to US07/805,660 priority patent/US5269495A/en
Publication of EP0496016A1 publication Critical patent/EP0496016A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0496016B1 publication Critical patent/EP0496016B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/10—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in the form of a fine jet, e.g. for use in wind-screen washers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure atomizing nozzle, comprising a nozzle body, in which a turbulence chamber is formed, which is connected to an outside space via at least one nozzle bore, and has at least one supply channel for the liquid to be atomized, through which said liquid can be supplied under pressure .
  • the invention refers to a state of the art, as it results for example from the book "LUEGER - LEXIKON DER ENERGIETECHNIK UND KRAFTMASCHINEN", DVA Stuttgart 1965, p.600, under the keyword “atomizer burner”.
  • the oil that comes to the combustion is mechanically finely divided, ie broken down into small droplets of about 10 to 400 »m in diameter (oil mist), which evaporate and burn in the flame when mixed with the combustion air.
  • so-called pressure atomizers are used for this.
  • the oil is fed under high pressure to an atomizing nozzle which is attached to a nozzle body by means of a feed pump.
  • the oil enters a swirl chamber via essentially tangential slots or channels and leaves the nozzle via a nozzle bore.
  • the tangential inflow ensures that the Oil particles get two motion components, an azimuthal and an axial.
  • the liquid rotation in the vortex chamber causes the formation of an air funnel, the tip of which extends into the vortex chamber.
  • the oil film emerging from the nozzle bore as a rotating hollow cylinder expands due to the centrifugal force into a hollow cone, the edges of which become unstable in vibration and tear into small oil droplets.
  • the atomized oil forms a cone with a more or less large opening angle.
  • Swirl nozzles of a known type are less suitable for this because they do not allow small angles of spread.
  • a distributor with a splitter chamber and drive channels is provided in the nozzle head.
  • the drive channels are arranged close to the bottom of the splitter chamber, run radially, and their mouths face each other exactly.
  • the fluid flows tangentially into a swirl chamber and then exits through the nozzle opening in the form of a hollow cone.
  • Yet another variant is the subject of FR-A-1,403,676. There, the fluid flows through holes in a laminating chamber, is deflected there and then emerges through a nozzle hole after being deflected again.
  • Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 14, no. 57 (C-684) (4000) describes and shows a nozzle in which the fluid flows into a first swirl chamber, leaves it through a first conical nozzle and then into a second chamber reached. From there it is released into the open through a second nozzle, which is arranged in a cap that is displaceable relative to the first nozzle. The volume of this chamber can be changed by moving the cap in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle. This in turn causes the injection angle to change.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a high-pressure atomization nozzle which has a simple construction, very small angle of propagation and optimal beam decay is possible even at comparatively low pressures.
  • cross-sectional area (s) of the feed channel or channels opening into the turbulence chamber is (are) larger by a factor of 2 to 10 than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle bore.
  • the nozzle outlet area is useful as a turbulence chamber inlet area.
  • Turbulence generation is achieved by means of an abrupt expansion (Carnot diffuser) into the turbulence chamber located in front of the actual nozzle hole.
  • the fluid flowing into the turbulence chamber is practically not forced to have any tangential velocity components in the turbulence chamber, but is only put into strong turbulence which is excited by shear forces.
  • the inflow into the turbulence chamber can take place via one or more feed channels, preferably essentially radially to the axis of the nozzle bore, or else axially and coaxially to the nozzle bore. In the limit case, the feed channel is an annular gap.
  • the fuel jet emerging from the nozzle bore also has essentially no tangential speed components which would lead to a conical expansion of the fuel.
  • the consequence of this is that the fluid jet is brought to rapid decay by the turbulence generated in front of the nozzle bore.
  • the resulting drop spray is characterized by small angles of spread and very small drop sizes (in the case of atomization of water ⁇ 20 »m above admission pressure ⁇ 150 bar).
  • the high-pressure atomization nozzle according to FIG. 1 comprises a nozzle body 1, consisting of a tube 2, which is closed at the bottom by a conical cover 3. In the middle of the cover 3 there is a nozzle bore 4, the longitudinal axis of which is designated 5.
  • a second tube 6 is inserted, which reaches up to the cover 3 and rests on it.
  • the annular space 7 between the tubes 2 and 6 serves to supply the fluid (water, liquid fuel).
  • the end of the tube 6 resting on the cover 3 is provided with four radial slots 8, the longitudinal axes of which are designated by 9.
  • the four longitudinal axes 9 of the slots 8 intersect with the longitudinal axis 5 of the nozzle bore 4.
  • a filler piece 10 is inserted and fastened therein. This filler 10 is spaced from the upper edge of the slots 8. In this way, a space 11 is formed between the cover 3 and the filler 10, which serves as a turbulence chamber.
  • the fluid to be atomized passes under pressure via the annular space 7 through the slits 8 into the turbulence chamber 11.
  • the jets - four in the case of the example - enter the turbulence chamber 11 essentially radially and, due to the intensive shear and their deflection in the axial direction and by the collision of the rays a very high level of turbulence. This high level of turbulence does not subside on the short path to the point where it emerges from the nozzle.
  • the fluid jet is brought to rapid disintegration by the turbulence generated in front of the nozzle bore 4 (after leaving the nozzle bore 4), with angles of propagation of 20 ° and less resulting in the exterior.
  • the cross section of the nozzle and the slots 8 results from the desired throughput (depending on the admission pressure) taking into account sufficiently high Reynolds numbers in the nozzle bore 4 and the slots 8.
  • the diagram shown in FIG. 3 illustrates the dependence of the droplet diameter d T on the admission pressure p for different limit diameters of the droplet mass distribution, measured at a distance of approximately 200 mm from the nozzle.
  • D S denotes the Sauter diameter.
  • the high-pressure atomization nozzle according to the invention can also be provided with fewer or more slits 8, or the slits can extend over almost the entire circumference of the inner tube 6, as is illustrated in FIG.
  • the individual feed channels 8 are then separated from one another only by narrow webs 8a, which serve as a spacing of the tube 6 from the cover 3. In the limit case of an infinite number of slots, an annular gap results as an inflow channel into the turbulence chamber 11.
  • the desired turbulence can also be achieved by an axial inflow, as the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5 shows.
  • a metallic insert 13 is soldered into a tube 12, which seals the tube 12 to the right.
  • the interior 14 of the tube serves to supply the fuel.
  • a blind hole 15 is incorporated in the insert 13, which is connected via a radially extending bore 16 to a recess 17 in the form of a cylindrical section in the metallic insert 13.
  • This recess 17 forms the turbulence chamber and corresponds to the space 11 in FIG. 1, while the bore 16 corresponds to the slots 8 in FIG.
  • the tube 12 is provided with a nozzle bore 18 coaxial with the bore 16.
  • the longitudinal axis of the nozzle bore 18 is denoted by 19, the longitudinal axis of the bore 16 is denoted by 20. Both axes 19 and 20 coincide.
  • the inflow into the “cavity” (turbulence chamber 17) alone generates a sufficiently high level of turbulence, which continues in the nozzle bore 18 and that Fluid in the outside space decays. This also makes it possible to achieve an angle of spread of the drop spray of 20 ° and less in the exterior.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 6 illustrates the dependence of the droplet radius d T on the admission pressure p for different and at the same time gives an impression of the comparatively small dependence of the droplet radius d T on the nozzle diameter d L compared to FIG.
  • D X denotes the limit diameter which X mass% of all particles fall below.
  • D S denotes the Sauter diameter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression, comprenant un corps de gicleur (1; 12), dans lequel est formée une chambre de turbulence (11; 17), qui est en communication avec un volume extérieur par au moins un trou de gicleur (4; 18) et qui présente au moins un canal d'admission (8; 16) pour le liquide à pulvériser, par lequel ledit liquide sous pression peut être admis, caractérisé en ce que la (les) section(s) transversale(s) du canal d'admission respectivement des canaux d'admission (8; 8a; 16) débouchant dans la chambre de turbulence (11; 17) est (sont) plus grande(s) d'un facteur 2 à 10 que la section transversale du trou de gicleur (4).
  2. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le trou de gicleur (4) est disposé dans le couvercle (3) d'un premier tube (2), dans lequel est introduit un deuxième tube (6) de plus petit diamètre extérieur qui s'étend jusqu'audit couvercle (3), et en ce qu'il est prévu dans l'extrémité du deuxième tube située du côté du couvercle au moins une fente orientée radialement (8, 8a) qui relie l'espace annulaire (7) entre le premier et le deuxième tubes à la chambre de turbulence (11), chambre de turbulence à partir de laquelle le trou de gicleur (4) conduit à l'espace extérieur.
  3. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le trou de gicleur (4) est disposé dans le couvercle (3) d'un premier tube (2) dans lequel est introduit un deuxième tube (6) de plus petit diamètre extérieur qui s'étend jusqu'audit couvercle (3) en laissant subsister une fente annulaire, fente annulaire qui relie l'espace annulaire (7) entre le premier et le deuxième tubes à la chambre de turbulence (11), chambre de turbulence à partir de laquelle le trou de gicleur (4) conduit à l'espace extérieur.
  4. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de turbulence (11) est essentiellement limitée par ledit couvercle (3) et par une pièce de remplissage (10) dans le deuxième tube (6) et est éventuellement limitée par l'extrémité du deuxième tube (6) dépassant au-delà de la pièce de remplissage (10).
  5. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le trou de gicleur est constitué par un trou radial (16) dans la paroi d'un tube (12), tube dans lequel est fixée une pièce métallique (13), en ce qu'un évidement (17) est ménagé dans cette pièce dans la région du trou de gicleur en guise de chambre de turbulence, qui se trouve en communication avec l'espace intérieur dudit tube (12) par un trou (16) orienté radialement dans la pièce (13) et un trou (15) orienté axialement qui s'y raccorde, les axes du trou (16) dans la pièce (13) et du trou dans le tube (12) étant approximativement parallèles ou à la limite en coïncidence.
  6. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit évidement dans la pièce (13) présente la forme d'un tronçon de cylindre, qui est usiné de l'extérieur dans la pièce.
  7. Gicleur de pulvérisation à haute pression suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (les axes) (9; 20) du canal (des canaux) d'admission (8; 16) coupe(nt) l'axe (5; 19) du trou de gicleur (4; 18) ou à la limite coïncide(nt) avec ce dernier.
EP91100787A 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression Expired - Lifetime EP0496016B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59105449T DE59105449D1 (de) 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Hochdruckzerstäubungsdüse.
EP91100787A EP0496016B1 (fr) 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression
US07/805,660 US5269495A (en) 1991-01-23 1991-12-12 High-pressure atomizing nozzle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91100787A EP0496016B1 (fr) 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0496016A1 EP0496016A1 (fr) 1992-07-29
EP0496016B1 true EP0496016B1 (fr) 1995-05-10

Family

ID=8206320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91100787A Expired - Lifetime EP0496016B1 (fr) 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Buse de pulvérisation haute-pression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5269495A (fr)
EP (1) EP0496016B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59105449D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5934555A (en) * 1996-03-05 1999-08-10 Abb Research Ltd. Pressure atomizer nozzle
US6045058A (en) * 1997-07-17 2000-04-04 Abb Research Ltd. Pressure atomizer nozzle

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4440558A1 (de) * 1994-11-12 1996-05-15 Abb Research Ltd Vormischbrenner
US5711488A (en) * 1995-10-13 1998-01-27 The Procter & Gamble Company High pressure swirl atomizer
EP0911583B1 (fr) * 1997-10-27 2003-03-12 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'un brûleur à prémélange
DE10024888B4 (de) * 2000-05-16 2008-10-16 Gea Wtt Gmbh Plattenwärmeübertrager mit Kältemittelverteiler
US7735756B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2010-06-15 Combustion Components Associates, Inc. Advanced mechanical atomization for oil burners
CN102599987B (zh) * 2012-03-31 2014-11-05 青岛易邦生物工程有限公司 药液喷头
CN105728226B (zh) * 2016-04-08 2018-07-03 王茜南 一种浆料浓缩机的两级式浆料雾化装置
CN111195476B (zh) * 2020-03-12 2022-02-15 北京北控京奥建设有限公司 一种用于液氨泄漏应急处置的水雾幕喷射装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE627972C (de) * 1936-03-26 Josef Kampschulte Duese an Geraeten zum Zerstaeuben von OEl, insbesondere Fussbodenoel
US2369357A (en) * 1942-02-26 1945-02-13 Arthur J Kunz Stream-or-spray gun
US2681829A (en) * 1952-06-13 1954-06-22 Spraying Systems Co Spray nozzle strainer or the like
GB717562A (en) * 1952-10-30 1954-10-27 Spraying Systems Co Improvements in or relating to spray nozzles
FR1403676A (fr) * 1964-03-10 1965-06-25 Pulvérisateur
US3974966A (en) * 1975-08-20 1976-08-17 Avco Corporation Miniature flat spray nozzle
US4930701A (en) * 1987-09-08 1990-06-05 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Confluent nozzle
SU1570787A1 (ru) * 1988-03-14 1990-06-15 Предприятие П/Я А-7731 Формирователь секторной струи
JPH01284351A (ja) * 1988-05-11 1989-11-15 Ikeuchi:Kk ノズル

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5934555A (en) * 1996-03-05 1999-08-10 Abb Research Ltd. Pressure atomizer nozzle
US6045058A (en) * 1997-07-17 2000-04-04 Abb Research Ltd. Pressure atomizer nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59105449D1 (de) 1995-06-14
EP0496016A1 (fr) 1992-07-29
US5269495A (en) 1993-12-14

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