EP0416193A1 - Railway track tamping, levelling and lining machine with laterally adjustable tamping units - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile tamping machine (1) with undercarriages (2, 3, 16) and a machine frame (4) with tamping units (17, 18) that can be adjusted and adjusted transversely and by drives and equipped with tamping units (17, 18) that can be adjusted and vibrated in pairs along the length of the track. A track lifting and straightening unit (33) which can be acted on by means of lifting and straightening drives (39, 40) using a leveling or straightening reference system (2,16) is arranged, - for processing for switches and sections of track - via drives, cross-adjustable and height-adjustable lifting hooks (34) and straightening wheel flange tools (36). To create a universal leveling, track tamping and straightening machine (1), four tamping unit units (21-24), which are arranged between the two trolleys (2, 16), with their one in the area on the left or right, one or another rail (6, 7) for tamping a sleeper (8) in the ballast tamping tool pairs (25, 26, 27, 28) - for independent height and transverse adjustment to the machine frame via four single height guides ( 31) and a transverse guide (30) - each with its own hydraulic height or transverse adjustment drives. The four tamping unit units (21-24) are arranged in the working direction directly in the area in front of a rear undercarriage (16) and immediately behind the track lifting and straightening unit (33) on the machine (1).

Description

The invention relates to a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine with at least two undercarriages and a machine frame which carries the drive, braking, energy supply and control devices and with this, independently of one another, via drives and transverse and vertical guides. and height-adjustable tamping units equipped with tamping tools that can be adjusted and vibrated against each other in pairs in the longitudinal direction of the track, as well as with a track lifting and leveling unit that can be acted on by lifting and straightening drives, especially using a leveling or straightening reference system, which is located on the machine together with the tamping units between two is arranged far apart from each other and - for processing for switches and sections of track - has cross-adjustable and height-adjustable lifting hooks and straightening flanged roller tools.

Such track tamping, leveling and straightening machines of this so-called compact design - for example according to AT-PS 380 281 by the same applicant or patent holder - have proven particularly effective over the last twenty years compared to machines with a so-called cantilever design, because of the arrangement of the tamping units and of the track lifting / straightening unit between the widely spaced undercarriages, a much more accurate height and lateral correction of the track position is achieved, whereby, in addition, due to the relatively wide undercarriage spacing, a gentle bending line of the rails is achieved to avoid inadmissible bending stress on the rails. Also in this known such tamping machine according to AT-PS 380 281 is on Undercarriage-supported machine frames carrying the drive, braking, power supply and control devices are provided, whereby between two widely spaced undercarriages - via drives on corresponding vertical or transverse guides, height and cross-adjustable tamping units that can be adjusted independently of one another with pairs in the longitudinal direction of the track against each other adjustable and vibratable tamping tools and a track lifting and straightening unit which can be acted upon by means of lifting and straightening drives using a leveling or straightening reference system. A track lifting and straightening tool is provided for each rail with a lifting hook that can be adjusted in height and laterally via drives and a pair of flanged wheel rollers that can be pressed onto the inside of the rail via directional drives. The machine has two tamping units that can be adjusted or adjusted independently of one another to the machine frame, each of which is equipped with tamping tool pairs equipped on the left and right of the rail for immersion in the ballast bed. A further adaptation to track obstacles is achieved by the additional swiveling design of the tamping pick provided individually or in pairs per tamping tool. This known track tamping machine can therefore be used essentially in points as well as in route sections without retrofitting work. - The machine according to AT-PS 380 281 - but is also designed for continuous non-stop use and for this purpose a tool frame is arranged between the bogies via a drive in the longitudinal direction relative to the machine frame its front end is longitudinally displaceable and articulated on the machine frame and its rear end is supported directly on the track by its own support and guide chassis. The tamping units with their tamping tool, which are adjustable or height-adjustable to the machine frame Pairs and the track lifting and straightening unit are arranged directly on the tool frame. Such machine types have proven themselves in practice and have practically created a new tamping technology, since the separation of tool frame and machine frame enables continuous driving on the one hand and cyclical tamping on the other, with only about 20 to 30% of the machine mass accelerating in the tamping rhythm or have to be decelerated and vibrations, especially the accelerations and decelerations caused by the work cycle, are largely kept away from the operators. Furthermore, with these types of machines, unprecedented working comfort is made possible. With this machine design, however, extensive tamping of more difficult switch sections is possible, for example in such a way that the support and guide undercarriage together with the tool frame and the tamping, lifting and straightening unit for a larger lateral swiveling in the initial area of the branch track is moved while the machine frame remains on the main track. With the design of the machine for continuous non-stop use, the modern compact design was also retained, which has made this compact design even more advantageous in practice. Practically all modern track leveling, tamping and straightening machines of the past ten years, especially for the machining of high-speed lines, where particularly high accuracy is required, have such a construction.

It is further known - according to AT-PS 379 625 by the same applicant or patent owner - a tamping unit type - according to which two tamping units, each assigned to a rail, are independent of one another are arranged on the machine frame or on the tool frame of such track tamping machines of the compact design by means of their own drives so that they can be moved. Each of these tamping units has so-called double picks connected to the tamping tools for immersion on the left or right of a rail, each of which can be adjusted in height independently of one another via its own drive. This gives the possibility that each of the tamping tools that can be immersed on the left or right of one or the other rail into the ballast can also be individually adjusted in height with its respective double pick in relation to possible obstacles in the track.

It is now - e.g. according to DE-OS 20 23 964, AT-PS 367 479, GB-OS 2 201 178 A and GB-PS 1 213 381 - also known track tamping machines with tamping units of the older compact design with cantilever arrangement of the tamping units on the machine frame. Such machines are usually also of a smaller design and often have only tamping units or tamping tools and no track lifting and straightening tools and also no reference systems for leveling and straightening. With these machines it is also in no way possible to achieve an exact position correction with simultaneous or immediately subsequent consolidation of this exact target position of the track, in particular also not in switch areas.

The tamping units of the track tamping machine with a cantilever manner - for example according to FIG. 17 according to DE-OS 20 23 964 by the same applicant or patent owner - are designed with a hydraulic vibration drive and as universal construction or tamping tool units. These tamping tool groups or assemblies formed on one side of a rail in each case - in particular with height-adjustable supports - can in each case form the groups formed on the other rail side or track side or - aggregates independently of one another or also jointly designed to be displaceable or mounted sideways, essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the track (pages 13 and 14 of this reference). With such an optional arrangement of these construction or tamping tool units for a track tamping machine, it is necessary to adapt them to special track installations, for example guide rails, guide rails or the like. possible without having to put up with interruptions or delays in the workflow. These tamping tool units, which are each provided on opposite sides of a rail, can be adjusted in their spacing from one another, since they are displaceably mounted relative to one another, for example on a common support frame on guide rails, as also FIG. 13 of this literature reference in Connection with the note in the description shows pages 14 and 15, wherein several such tamping tool units, that is to say four tamping tool units immediately adjacent in the transverse direction, which are each intended for plunging to the left or right of one or the other rail, are independent of one another can be designed to be transverse displaceable. According to further features, the tamping tools, which can be immersed in the ballast on one or both sides of a rail, are designed with their tool carrier as a common structural unit to be pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation lying in the plane of symmetry of this structural unit, so that they can also be placed on inclined sleepers. With such a design, small inclinations of a threshold can be compensated, the one and / or the other, each assigned to the one or the other rail tamping tool unit to the threshold by twisting, but thereby a non-parallel position of the tamping ax Threshold arises. An adaptation to one This training also does not allow the inclination of a threshold to be carried out or switched off.

A mobile tamping machine - according to AT-PS 367 479 - has - according to the state of the art described in the preamble of claim 1 - also four, each provided for arrangement on both sides of a rail and via drives independently of one another on a guide frame transversely and height-adjustable to the track and individually height-adjustable tamping units via its own drives. Such a design is also already disclosed by the US Pat. No. 2,587,324 mentioned in the introduction to this reference, two height-adjustable stuffing units also being provided above each rail, which can be moved independently of one another in fixed slideways across the rails. The four tamping units described in the AT-PS are each connected in one embodiment to the machine frame via a lever system, so that the transverse displacement of each tamping unit is additionally coupled with a pivoting movement thereof about an axis running in the machine longitudinal direction. However, such a design is relatively complicated and also requires high forces for pivoting the heavy tamping units.

The - according to GB-OS 2 201 178 A - known tamping machine with cantilever type, in which a tamping unit arrangement is arranged on the front of a vehicle, that is to say in a design projecting over the front chassis on the vehicle, has - as in itself in the cited AT-PS 367 479 is described in claim 1 - four tamping units which are height-adjustable via their own drives, two of which are each assigned to a rail and all four tamping units are designed to be independently displaceable on their own drives on a guide frame. For the track position correction, no lifting and straightening units are provided on the machine. Such a cantilevered construction, particularly in the beginning of the tamping machine development, in which lifting and straightening units were often also provided in the cantilevered part, is associated with the disadvantage of only a slight track elevation and relatively inaccurate track leveling or alignment. Especially in the difficult and weighty and also very complex switch sections with regard to the track lifting, the requirements for the accuracy of the track position correction are very high, which is therefore only satisfactory only by machines of the compact design described at the beginning with tamping, lifting and straightening units arranged between widely spaced undercarriages are achievable.

Finally, according to GB-PS 1 213 381, a further track tamping machine with a projecting design is known, with an independently displaceable arrangement of a total of two height-adjustable tamping unit units each assigned to a rail. These are mounted on a tool frame projecting over the foremost machine undercarriage, which can be pivoted about a vertical axis of rotation to the machine frame, in a transverse shift path so that the tamping tools better match the changing rail spacing in switches are customizable. Apart from the above-mentioned disadvantages of a cantilevered construction, this design is structurally complex and also has the disadvantage of inaccurate centering of the tamping tools above the threshold to be tamped, since the axis of rotation of the tool frame is relatively wide from the center of the transverse sliding path Distance is arranged. In particular, there is also the disadvantage that the tamping tools with their due to the inaccurate adjustment Darning plates do not come to lie parallel to the sloping threshold, which means that good tamping cannot be achieved.

The object of the invention is to provide a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine of the type described at the outset, which can be used as a universal machine both in routes and in all turnout areas, even with the most difficult turnout track sections with which not only a tamping of the sleepers, but also an exact position fixing of the track can be carried out in such track areas.

This object is achieved with a mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine of the type described in the invention in that - to create a universal leveling, track tamping and straightening machine - four, tamping unit units arranged between the two bogies - with their respective in the area on the left or right of one or the other rail for tamping a threshold into the ballast, plunging and vibrating tamping tool pairs - for independent height and cross adjustment to the machine frame via four single height guides and at least one cross Leadership - each with its own hydraulic height and transverse adjustment drives, the four tamping unit units are arranged in the working direction directly in the area in front of a rear chassis and immediately behind the track lifting and straightening unit on the machine.

Through this advantageous combination of features, a modern, powerful compact machine for an accurate correction of the track position is provided with the aid of the and between the widely spaced bogies specially designed tamping units and the upstream lifting and straightening unit with an unobstructed track lift within the permissible rail bending area. The arrangement of the four tamping unit units which can be adjusted independently of one another transversely and in height makes it possible to adapt the tamping ax, which can be immersed in the ballast, to different track obstacles, in particular in switch sections for processing the subsequent siding and siding area with longer sleepers, so that Also these track areas, which are very important due to the high purchase costs, can be continuously brought into an exact track position with the help of the lifting-straightening unit and can be stuffed by the tamping units and can therefore also be fixed in this exact position. Another advantage of this machine designed in a compact design according to the invention with the tamping unit units arranged between the trolleys, which can be adjusted independently of one another, and the adjacent lifting-straightening unit is that this track tamping, leveling and straightening machine without any restriction or conversion work for one powerful and accurate track position correction for all such track areas can be used universally both in track switches and in track sections.

According to a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the four, both transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and in height, via their respective hydraulic adjustment drives to the machine frame and independently adjustable tamping unit units on one to the machine frame in the longitudinal direction of the track via a drive relatively displaceable - preferably with one end supported by a chassis and with its other end arranged longitudinally displaceably on the machine frame.

• a. auf Streckenabschnitten in kontinuierlicher (non-­stop) Arbeitsvorfahrt mit den bekannten Vorteilen einsetzbar ist - zum Beispiel höchster Arbeitskom­fort für die Bediener - da Vibrationen und Beschleu­nigungen bzw. Verzögerungen ferngehalten werden, wo­bei auch zumindest teilweise - im Weichenanfangs- bzw. -end-Bereich auch die beschriebenen erfindungs­gemäßen Vorteile gegeben sind und
• b. auf Streckenabschnitten in schrittweiser Arbeitsvor­fahrt mit den beschriebenen Vorteilen, insbesondere bei Durcharbeiten an Kreuzungen od.dgl., aber auch bei Gleishindernissen auf Streckenabschnitten und
• c. insbesondere auf Weichenabschnitten in schrittweiser Arbeitsvorfahrt mit allen beschriebenen Vorteilen universell einsetzbar ist.

With this combination of features or training, a universal machine is created which is on the track

• a. can be used on route sections in a continuous (non-stop) work approach with the known advantages - for example, highest working comfort for the operator - because vibrations and accelerations or decelerations are kept away, and at least partially - in the turnout start and end area too the described advantages according to the invention are given and
• b. on route sections in step-by-step work with the advantages described, in particular when working through intersections or the like, but also in the case of track obstacles on route sections and
• c. can be used universally, in particular on switch sections in step-by-step work with all the advantages described.

This arrangement according to the invention of the four independent tamping unit units on a tool frame that is longitudinally displaceable relative to the machine frame of a compact machine enables the tamping units to be used particularly precisely and efficiently with continuous advancement of the tamping machine. The fourfold tamping unit units can also be used to unimpededly tamp track areas with obstacles, such as wheel links, wing rails and the like, in which the tamping unit just above the obstacle is quickly shifted slightly to prevent unhindered immersion to allow the associated tamping pick to the side next to the track obstacle. This continuous (non-stop) tamping machine can also be used immediately in switch sections for continuous tamping, especially with step-by-step work, even without restrictions or conversion work.

A preferred embodiment of the invention consists in the fact that the four, both transverse to the machine longitudinal direction and the height of their own drives independently of one another - on four single-height guides and the common transverse guide, which preferably consists of two guide rails - or adjustable tamping unit units are mounted on an intermediate frame, which to the machine frame and / or the tool frame around a, through the cutting line of a machine longitudinal symmetry plane running in the machine longitudinal direction and one essentially through the four arranged side by side Stuffing unit units formed approximately vertically extending transverse symmetry plane, approximately vertical axis via a preferably hydraulic drive is arranged pivotably parallel to the track level. This design with an intermediate frame supporting the four tamping units has the particular advantage that - without restricting the independent cross and height adjustability of the tamping units and the advantages that can be achieved thereby - all four tamping units are adaptable to inclined sleepers with a relatively simple and robust design are rotatable together. In this way, inclined sleepers occurring in both sections and points - even if the obstacles are avoided due to the transverse displacement - can be tipped just as evenly as normal sleepers. With such a universal machine, the track can be advantageously processed for the first time in turnout areas with the highest accuracy and practically for 100% working through in all points of the turnout - also in the area of the long sleepers, with the tamping quality in no way impaired will, because with sloping sleepers the tamping plates also always come to lie parallel to the sleeper edges - during the immersion process.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two tamping tool pairs, each of which can be acted upon by its own vibration drive, of the two tamping unit units which are each assigned to a rail and can be displaced independently of one another by way of their respective unit frame which is displaceably mounted on the transverse guide, in each case on the longitudinal side facing away from one another arranged projecting in the transverse direction. Such a laterally projecting design of the individual or all four tamping unit units ensures good or unrestricted insight by the operator of the tamping pick for their exact centering, in particular above an inclined threshold, for an adequate control or monitoring by the operator.

A particularly expedient and advantageous further development consists in that at least the tamping tools of the tamping tool pairs or tamping unit units provided for immersion in the ballast outside the two rails, which can be adjusted independently and horizontally, have tamping axes, preferably double tamping axes, each around Axles extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine are pivotably mounted and are each connected to their own, preferably hydraulic, side pivoting drive. Such a combination of features of four tamping units which can be displaced and height-adjusted independently of one another in the transverse direction of the track and with tamping picks which can be pivoted independently of one another via drives ensures an advantageous additional possibility of complete tamping of the points, in particular also of the long sleepers. For example, a very narrow space between the main and branch track can now be filled with just one darning pin, while the adjacent second space that can no longer be inserted into the space Stopfpickel is briefly pivoted sideways and / or up into an inoperative position.

Furthermore, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the intermediate frame connected to the transverse guides and the four tamping unit units is supported in the transverse direction at the end on the machine or tool frame provided with guide bearings by means of rotatably mounted guide supports and with at least one rotary support. Drive and the four transverse adjustment drives connected, preferably four guide rollers rotatable about vertical axes are provided for centering or abutment on a preferably circular segment-shaped guide surface of the machine or tool frame, preferably in the area of the guide supports. This simplest and safe support of the intermediate frame connected to the four tamping units on the machine or tool frame is structurally very robust and enables the largely unchanged retention of machine or tool frame designs which have already proven themselves in use. With the four guide rollers and the guide surfaces assigned to them, problem-free and particularly robust stresses are ensured by the powerful, shock-like immersion of the tamping tools in the ballast and by the vibration vibrations and the rotations and storage of the tamping units that are well withstanding.

Finally, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the tamping unit units, each with its own unit frame with height guide for height adjustment, are mounted on two ends of the machine or tool or intermediate frame and parallel transverse guides are mounted so that they can be moved , whereby to each other independent transverse displacement, the transverse adjustment drives are each connected to the associated unit frame and the machine frame or the tool frame or the intermediate frame. This particularly simple arrangement of two transverse guides connected at each end to the machine, tool or intermediate frame enables precise and rapid transverse displacement and secure storage - even with a relatively large displacement path - for independent and unimpeded transverse displacement of each of the four Tamping units via their respective drives.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

• Fig.1 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausge­bildeten Gleisstopf-, Nivellier- und Richtmaschine mit längsverschiebbarem Werkzeug-Rahmen zum kontinuierli­chen (non-stop) Einsatz, mit zwischen zwei weit von­einander distanzierten Fahrwerken auf einem drehbaren Zwischen-Rahmen angeordneten, vier voneinander unab­hängig querverschieb- und höhenverstellbaren Stopf­aggregat-Einheiten,
• Fig.2 eine teilweise schematische Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Maschine gemäß Fig.1, wo­bei jedoch die mit dem Zwischen-Rahmen verbundenen, unabhängig voneinander querverschiebbaren Stopfaggre­gat-Einheiten zur Anpassung an eine schrägliegende Schwelle in bezug auf die senkrecht zur Längs-Mittel-­Linie der Maschine verlaufende Querrichtung verdreht dargestellt sind,
• Fig.3 eine vergrößerte Detail-Draufsicht auf die mit dem Zwischen-Rahmen verbundenen vier Stopfaggregat-­Einheiten gemäß Fig.1,
• Fig.4 eine vergrößerte Seiten-Ansicht des mit den Stopf­aggregat-Einheiten verbundenen verdrehbaren Zwischen-­Rahmens gemäß Pfeil IV in Fig.3,
• Fig.5 einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch die Stopf­aggregat-Einheiten und den Zwischen-Rahmen gemäß der Linie V-V in Fig.3,
• Fig.6 eine schematische Draufsicht eines weiteren Aus­führungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stopfmaschine in Kompaktbauweise zum schrittweisen Ein­satz mit vier auf einem Zwischen-Rahmen angeordneten, voneinander unabhängig querverschieb- und höhenverstell- sowie verdrehbaren Stopfaggregat-Einheiten - die auch seitenverschwenkbare Stopfwerkzeuge aufweisen können,
• Fig.7 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die Stopfma­schine gemäß der Linie VII-VII in Fig.6, wobei die rech­te Zeichnungshälfte eine Stopfaggregat-Ausführung mit diesen zusätzlich seitenverschwenkbaren Stopfwerkzeugen zeigt.

Show it:

• 1 shows a side view of a track tamping, leveling and straightening machine designed in accordance with the invention with a longitudinally displaceable tool frame for continuous (non-stop) use, with two spaced-apart undercarriages arranged on a rotatable intermediate frame, four independently of one another and displaceable height-adjustable tamping unit,
• 2 shows a partially schematic plan view of the machine designed according to the invention according to FIG. 1, but with the tamping unit units connected to the intermediate frame, which can be displaced independently of one another, to adapt to an inclined threshold with respect to the perpendicular to the longitudinal center line the transverse direction of the machine is shown rotated,
• 3 shows an enlarged detailed top view of the four tamping unit units according to FIG. 1 connected to the intermediate frame,
• 4 shows an enlarged side view of the rotatable intermediate frame connected to the tamping unit units according to arrow IV in FIG. 3,
• 5 shows an enlarged cross section through the tamping unit and the intermediate frame along the line VV in FIG. 3,
• 6 shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a tamping machine designed according to the invention in a compact design for step-by-step use with four tamping unit units which are arranged on an intermediate frame and can be displaced and height-adjusted and rotated independently of one another and which can also have tamping tools which can be pivoted to the side,
• 7 shows a schematic cross section through the tamping machine according to the line VII-VII in FIG. 6, the right half of the drawing showing a tamping unit design with these additional side-pivoting tamping tools.

A track tamping, leveling and straightening machine 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a machine frame 4, supported on two carriages 2, 3 spaced far apart from one another, with driving cabs 5 arranged at the ends. A travel drive 11 connected to an energy center 10 is provided for the movability on a track 9 formed from rails 6, 7 and cross sleepers 8. A working cabin 13 with a central control device 14 is provided in the working direction of the tamping machine 1 in front of the rear running gear 3, represented by an arrow 12. Between the two trolleys 2, 3 of the tamping machine 1 there is a drawbar-shaped tool frame 15 which is mounted with its front end longitudinally displaceable on the machine frame 4 and with its rear end via a support and guide trolley 16 on the track 9. To create a universal leveling, track tamping and leveling machine 1 are arranged between the two trolleys 2 and 16, each with their own drives, independently of one another, height-adjustable and cross-displaceable tamping units 17 and 18 with auxiliary drives 19, 20, each with its own tamping unit 21 to 24, each in the area to the left and right of one or the other rail 6.7 for tamping a threshold 8 in the ballast immersible and vibrating tamping tool pairs 25 to 28. Both tamping units 17 and 18 are connected to a rotatable intermediate frame 29 and are mounted such that they can be displaced transversely on transverse guides 30 which run transversely to the machine longitudinal direction. Each tamping unit 21 to 24 is mounted on its own individual height guides 31 such that it can be moved in height and is connected to its own height adjustment drive 32. Immediately in front of the tamping unit units 21 to 24, a track lifting and straightening unit 33 with lifting hooks 34 and lifting rollers 35, which can be adjusted and adjusted via drives, and straightening flange roller tools 36 are provided, the lifting hooks 34 for lifting the track 9 with the rails 6 , 7 are engaged and the lifting rollers 35 are pivoted up. The track lifting straightening unit 33, which can be moved via the straightening flanged rollers 36 on the track 9, is mounted on the tool frame 15 so as to be longitudinally displaceable by means of a drive 37, so that the lifting hooks 34 can always be lowered between two adjacent sleepers when attacking under the rail foot in a stepwise manner. The lifting and straightening forces are transmitted using a leveling or straightening reference system 38 and by means of lifting and straightening drives 39, 40 supported on the tool frame 15. The tamping unit units 21 to 24 which can be rotated with their intermediate frame 29 for the machine frame 4 are arranged on the tool frame 15 which is relatively displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the machine frame 4 via a drive 41 and which is located at its rear end on the Chassis 16 and with its front end on a longitudinal guide 42 on the machine frame 4 is supported for longitudinal displacement.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, the intermediate frame 29 together with the four independently displaceable tamping unit units 21 to 24 is designed to be rotatable about an approximately vertical axis 43 - as will be described in more detail in the following figures - so that the tamping tool -Pairs 25 to 28 are automatically centered with respect to an inclined threshold 8 regardless of their respective transverse position. In addition, the tamping unit 22 and 24 are shifted from their normal position so that the corresponding tamping tool pairs 26 and 28 can be lowered into the ballast despite a wheel link located next to the left rail 7 and a switch box located next to the right rail 6 . This means that inclined thresholds that occur due to loosening of the fastening means in route sections or also in switch sections are problem-free and without interruption of the work flow even with continuous (non-stop) work approach of the tamping machine 1 and simultaneous step-by-step advance of the tool frame 15 together with the tamping unit units 21 to 24 can be plugged from threshold to threshold. Due to the rotatable design according to the invention, a parallel position of the tamping pick plates to the inclined threshold is always achieved, so that the tamping process and thus the tamping quality are not adversely affected. After tamping or position fixing of the track 9 in the correct track position raised and precisely aligned by the track lifting / straightening unit 33, the intermediate frame 29 together with the tamping unit units 21 to 24 is immediately returned to a normal, with the Transverse guides 30 rotated at an angle of 90 ° to the machine longitudinal line position, so that the next following normally lying threshold can also be tamped without interrupting the work flow while the tamping machine 1 is moving forward.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 3, in order to adapt to inclined sleepers, the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 are each immersed in the ballast in the area on the left or right of one or the other rail 6, 7 for tamping a threshold 8. and vibratable tamping tool pairs 25, 26, 27, 28 are mounted on the intermediate frame 29. For the sake of simplicity, the tamping units 17, 18 or all four tamping unit units 21 to 24 and the threshold 8 to be tamped are shown exactly perpendicular to the machine longitudinal direction. The intermediate frame 29 can be rotated to the machine frame 4 about an approximately vertical axis 43, formed by the section line of a machine longitudinal symmetry plane 44 with an approximately vertical transverse symmetry plane 45 leading through the tamping unit units 21 to 24, with the aid of two drives 46 - In both directions according to the double arrow shown in the drawing - trained. The tamping units 17 and 18 mounted on the intermediate frame 29 and each assigned to a rail 6, 7 with their respective auxiliary drives 19 and 20 are designed as four tamping unit units 21 to 24 arranged between the two undercarriages 2,16, which with their Darning tool pairs 25 to 28, each with their own hydraulic height and cross adjustment drives 32, 47 to 50 for independent height and cross adjustment and the common cross guide 30. The intermediate frame 29 connected to the transverse guides 30 and the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 is in the transverse direction at the end on the tool frame 15 by means of guide supports 51 and connected to the two rotary drives 46 and the four transverse adjustment drives 47 to 50. On the intermediate frame 29, four guide rollers 53, which can be rotated about vertical axes 52, are provided for centering or contacting a guide surface 54 of the tool frame 15 in the form of a segment of a circle. The intermediate frame 29 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape that extends over the entire width of the machine frame and is rotatably mounted in the region of its four corners with the guide supports 51 on corresponding guide bearings 55 of the tool frame 15. The guide supports 51 and the guide bearings 55 are designed so that the intermediate frame 29 can be rotated by an angle α of at least 10 to 20 °, preferably approximately 16 °. Two cross members 56 running parallel to one another or transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and connected to the two transverse guides 30 are connected to a central longitudinal member 57, which in turn is coupled to the rotary drives 46 articulated to the tool frame 15 is.

As shown in particular in FIG. 4, the guide bearings 55 used to support the intermediate frame 29 are approximately U-shaped and fastened to the underside of the tool frame 15 via screw connections 58. The two crossbeams 56 rest with their end sections, which are designed as guide supports 51, on the guide bearings 55, the guide rollers 53 fastened to the underside of the crossbeams 56 abutting against the guide surfaces 54 of the guide bearings 55 which are designed in the form of a segment of a circle. This ensures that the heavy intermediate frame 29, together with the four, moves independently of one another cash tamping unit 21 to 24 quickly, easily and exactly about the vertical axis 43 is rotated according to the angle of inclination of the inclined sleepers. Since the end regions of the guide supports 51 are each connected to the transverse guides 30 via vertical connecting elements 59, a completely unhindered and independent transverse displacement of the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 is independent of the rotational movement of the intermediate frame 29 with the aid of the respective transverse adjustment -Drives 47 to 50 feasible. The outermost left and right positions of the tamping unit 17 after maximum rotation of the intermediate frame 29 are indicated by dash-dotted lines. The transverse guide 30 of the tamping unit units 21 to 24 is composed of two guide rails 60, 61 running parallel to one another and transverse to the machine longitudinal direction.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, each tamping unit 21 to 24 is mounted on its own unit frame 62 to 65 and on its own individual height guides 31, 66, 67 connected to the respective unit frame 62 to 65 and 68 independently height adjustable. The two tamping tool pairs 25, 26 and 27, 28, each of which can be acted upon by its own vibration drive 69, of the two tamping unit units 21 to 24, each of which is assigned to a rail 6, 7 and can be displaced independently of one another, are displaceable over their respective ones on the transverse guide 30 Mounted unit frame 62 to 65 each arranged on the long side facing away from one another in the transverse direction. For a common transverse displacement of the two immediately adjacent pairs of tamping tools 25, 26 and 27, 28, the corresponding two unit frames 62 and 63 or 64 and 65 are provided by a mechanical coupling 70 indicated by a broken line interconnectable. The transverse adjustment drives 47 to 50 are each connected on the one hand to one of the four unit frames 62 to 65 and on the other hand each to the longitudinal support 57 of the intermediate frame 29. The two drives 46 for rotating the intermediate frame 29 are fastened on the one hand to the tool frame 15 and on the other hand to the two ends of the longitudinal support 57. The two guide bars 60, 61 of the transverse guide 30 are supported in the center by a bearing support 71 connected to the intermediate frame 29. Each tamping tool pair 25 to 28 each have double tamping picks 25 ', 25˝ or 26', 26˝ or 27 ', 27˝ and 28', 28˝ that can be provided in the machine longitudinal direction.

As soon as a track obstacle in the form of, for example, a wheel control arm next to the left rail 7 or a switch box next to the right rail 6 or the like. is present, the tamping unit 22 and 24 located above these obstacles each independently of the adjacent unit 21, 23 by acting on the corresponding transverse adjustment drive 48 and 50 until the two associated double tamping axes 26 ', 26' or 28 ', 28˝ to come to the side next to the obstacle to the track and can thus be freely immersed in the ballast. If, in addition, the cross sleeper to be tamped is at an angle to the machine or track longitudinal direction that deviates from the right angle, then it can also be easily tamped independently of any track obstacles by the two drives 46 for a corresponding rotation of the intermediate frame 29 together with the four tamping units -Units 21 to 24 are applied. This means that all double tamping picks are automatically parallel to the long side of the sleeper for even tamping aligned. All transverse shifting, turning and vertical shifting movements of the four tamping unit units 21 to 24 can be carried out independently of one another via the corresponding drives 46 or 47 to 50 or 32.

A track tamping, leveling and straightening machine 72 of the compact design shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7 has an elongated machine frame 73 with two carriages 74 spaced far apart from one another and a travel drive 75 and is formed on one of transverse sleepers 76 and rails 77 Track 78 movable. A branch track 79 with switch tongues 80 is shown for a better understanding of the use of this step-by-step moving tamping machine in switch sections. Two tamping units 81, 82, each associated with a rail, with height adjustment drives 83, 84, and a track-lifting straightening unit 85 are arranged between the two carriages 74, which are spaced far apart from one another. This is height and side adjustable via lifting and straightening drives 86, 87 and has height and side adjustable lifting hooks 88 as well as lifting rollers 89 and a straightening flange axle. Both tamping units 81, 82 have four tamping unit units 90 to 93 designed for independent vertical and transverse displacement, each with tamping tools that can be provided and vibrated. These tamping unit units 90 to 93 are each connected to their own transverse displacement drive 94 to 97 for independent transverse displacement, each of which is attached to an intermediate frame 98 at its other end. This is supported at the end in each case on guide bearings 99 which are connected to the machine frame 73 and are designed in the form of a segment of a circle. For storing the intermediate frame 98 on the circular segment-shaped guide surfaces of the guide bearings 99 guide rollers 100 connected to the intermediate frame 98 and rotatable about vertical axes are provided. Also connected to the intermediate frame 98 are two transverse guides 101 which run parallel or transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and on which the four individual unit frames 102 of the four tamping unit units 90 to 93 are mounted such that they can be moved. To rotate the intermediate frame 98 relative to the machine frame 73 about a central vertical axis 103, drives 104 are provided which are connected on the one hand to the machine frame 73 and on the other hand to a longitudinal support of the intermediate frame 98 which runs in the machine longitudinal direction. The tamping tools of the tamping unit 82 or the two tamping unit units 92 and 93, which can be adjusted transversely and vertically and rotated relative to the machine frame 73, and the two tamping unit units 92 and 93 are equipped with double tamping picks 105, 106, each pivoted laterally about axes running in the machine longitudinal direction and each with its own hydraulic Side swivel drive 107,108 are connected. In FIG. 7, the two tamping units 90 and 91 belonging to the two tamping unit units 90 and 91 shown on the left are - in contrast to the tamping tools shown in the right half of the drawing only by way of example - not to be swiveled to the side, but rigid with the tamping tools for a side movement connected in the machine longitudinal direction.

As soon as the tamping machine 72 moves over the branch track 79, in which "track obstacles" in the form of switch tongues 80 occur, as shown in particular by the double tamping picks 109, 110 and 105, 106 in the left part of FIG. 6, those above the switch tongues 80 the coming tamping unit 91 and 93 are moved until the assigned double tamping picks 110 and 106 on the other long side of the switch tongue 80 can be immersed in the ballast. The side-pivotable double tamping ax 105 and 106 have the advantage that the increasingly narrow space between the switch tongue 80 and the adjacent rail 77 can also be tamped with only one tamping ax, while the adjacent double tamping ax by the corresponding side pivoting drive 107 or 108 is briefly pivoted to the side in an out-of-operation position. As soon as the space between the switch tongue 80 and the rail 77 becomes too small even for a single double tamping pick, the entire tamping unit 93 is moved laterally until both double tamping pick 106 in the lower working position can be immersed again unhindered in the ballast are. This transverse displacement takes place by correspondingly acting on the respective transverse displacement drive 96. If the threshold to be tamped is inclined, ie at an angle greater or less than 90 ° to the machine or track longitudinal axis, the two rotary drives 104 are acted upon a rotation of the intermediate frame 98 about the vertical axis 103. In this way, the four tamping unit units 90 to 93 can be centered quickly and very precisely with respect to the center line of the inclined threshold in order to Align darning ax 105,106 or 109,110 - for an even tamping and position fixation - parallel to the long side of the sleeper.

Such tamping machines 1, 72 designed according to the invention can be used as universal tamping machines without any retrofitting work, both on route sections and in complicated switch sections a variety of track obstacles can be used by pushing the corresponding tamping unit unit, which comes to lie over a track obstacle and therefore prevent an immersion process - independently of the remaining units - until the assigned double tamping pick is unimpeded to the side next to the track obstacle for tamping in the ballast is submersible. Likewise, types of track which have a middle, third rail can be processed without any problems by pushing the one or both tamping unit units which can be inserted between the rails into their basic position in relation to one another on this third rail. Even in particularly narrow track arches, transition arches and the like. the tamping pick can be easily adjusted to the curved track profile by pushing the tamping unit units towards the outside of the track arch accordingly. The tamping machine 1 described in FIGS. 1 to 5 also has the particular advantage that sections of the route can be tamped with particularly high work output as part of a continuous (non-stop) work approach of the machine with a stepwise work approach of the tool frame 15. In addition, the working comfort for the operators increases, since the vibrations of the tamping units as well as the acceleration and deceleration forces are kept away by the step-by-step approach of the tool frame.

• a. auf Streckenabschnitten in kontinuierlicher (non-­stop) Arbeitsvorfahrt mit den bekannten Vorteilen einsetzbar ist - zum Beispiel höchster Arbeitskom­fort für die Bediener - da Vibrationen und Beschleunigungen bzw. Verzögerungen ferngehalten werden, wobei auch zumindest teilweise - im Weichen­anfangs- bzw. -end-Bereich auch die beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile gegeben sind und
• b. auf Streckenabschnitten in schrittweiser Arbeitsvor­fahrt mit den beschriebenen Vorteilen, insbesondere bei Durcharbeiten an Kreuzungen od.dgl., aber auch bei Gleishindernissen auf Streckenabschnitten und
• c. insbesondere auf Weichenabschnitten in schrittwei­ser Arbeitsvorfahrt mit allen beschriebenen Vortei­len,
• d. aber auch auf Strecken- oder Weichenabschnitten in kontinuierlicher (non-stop) Arbeitsvorfahrt, z.B.
  d/1. zumindest in Teilbereichen in Weichen,
  d/2. auf Gleistypen, welche eine mittlere dritte Schiene aufweisen, bei welchen die eine oder beide zwischen den Schienen einsetzbaren Stopf­aggregat-Einheiten in Abstellung auf diese dritte Schiene in ihrer Grundstellung zueinan­der querverschiebbar sind,
  d/3. insbesondere aber auch in Gleisbögen, Über­gangsbögen u.dgl., bei welchen ebenso eine Quer­verstellung, insbesondere gegen die Gleis­krümmungsmitte zu, vorgenommen werden muß,
  als echte Universal-Maschine mit großem Vorteil einsetz­bar ist.

With a track tamping, leveling and straightening machine designed in this way, in summary, a machine is thus created which is in the track

• a. can be used on route sections in continuous (non-stop) work access with the known advantages - for example, highest working comfort for the operator - because of vibrations and Accelerations or decelerations are kept away, and the advantages according to the invention described are also at least partially present - in the turnout start and end range
• b. on route sections in step-by-step work with the advantages described, in particular when working through intersections or the like, but also in the case of track obstacles on route sections and
• c. especially on switch sections in step-by-step work with all the advantages described,
• d. but also on route or switch sections in continuous (non-stop) work priority, e.g.
  d / 1. at least in some areas in switches,
  d / 2. on track types which have a central third rail, in which the one or both tamping unit units which can be inserted between the rails can be displaced in their basic position in relation to one another when they are placed on this third rail,
  d / 3. in particular, however, also in track arches, transition arches and the like, in which a transverse adjustment must also be carried out, in particular against the center of the curve,
  can be used as a real universal machine with great advantage.

Claims (7)

1. Mobile track tamping, leveling and straightening machine with at least two undercarriages and a machine frame supporting the drive, braking, energy supply and control devices and with this, independently of one another, adjustable in terms of drives and transverse and vertical guides and with tamping units equipped with adjustable and vibratable tamping tools in pairs in the longitudinal direction of the track, as well as with a track lifting and straightening unit which can be acted on by lifting and straightening drives, in particular using a leveling or straightening reference system, which on the machine together with the tamping units between two far apart spaced undercarriage is arranged and - for processing for switches and sections - has cross-adjustable and height-adjustable lifting hooks and straightening flanged wheel tools, characterized in that - to create a universal leveling, track tamping and straightening machine (1; 72) - v ier, between the two trolleys (2,16; 74) arranged tamping unit units (21-24; 90-93) - with their one in the area on the left or right of one or the other rail (6,7; 77) Stuffing a threshold (8; 76) into the ballast, which can be inserted and vibrated tamping tool pairs (25, 26, 27, 28) - for independent height and transverse adjustment to the machine frame via four single height guides (31, 66 , 67, 68) and at least one transverse guide (30; 101) - each with its own hydraulic height or transverse adjustment drives (32, 47-50; 94-97), the four tamping unit units ( 21-24; 90-93) in the working direction directly in the area in front of a rear chassis (16; 74) and immediately are arranged behind the track lifting and straightening unit (33; 85) on the machine (1; 72). 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the four, both transversely to the longitudinal direction of the machine and the height of their respective hydraulic adjustment drives (32,47-50) to the machine frame (4) and independently adjustable tamping unit - Units (21, 22, 23, 24) on a machine frame (4) that can be moved relatively in the longitudinal direction of the track via a drive (41) - preferably with one end supported by a carriage (16) and the other end on the machine - Frame (4) longitudinally displaceably mounted tool frame (15) are arranged. 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the four, both transversely to the machine longitudinal direction and the height of their own drives independently of one another - on four individual height guides (31,66,67,68) and preferably common transverse guide (30) consisting of two guide bars - displaceable or adjustable tamping unit units (21, 22, 23, 24) are mounted on an intermediate frame (29) which forms the machine frame (4) and / or to the tool frame (15) about a vertical, through the cutting line of a machine longitudinal symmetry plane (44) running in the machine longitudinal direction and essentially through the four tamping unit units (21, 22, 23, 24) arranged side by side extending transverse symmetry plane (45) formed, approximately vertical axis (43) via a preferably hydraulic drive (46) is arranged pivotably parallel to the track plane. 4. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the two tamping tool pairs (25, 26, 27, 28), each of which can be acted upon by their own vibration drive (69), of the two tamping unit units (21, 22, 23) which are each assigned to a rail (6, 7) and can be displaced independently of one another , 24) over their respective unit frame (62-65), which is mounted so as to be displaceable on the transverse guide (30) - are each projecting in the transverse direction on the longitudinal side facing away from one another. 5. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least the tamping tools provided for immersion in the ballast outside the two rails (77), independently transverse and height-adjustable tamping tool pairs or tamping unit units (90-93 ) Have tamping axes, preferably double tamping axes (105, 106, 109, 110), which are each pivotably mounted about axes running in the machine longitudinal direction and are each connected to their own, preferably hydraulic, side pivoting drive (107, 108). 6. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that with the transverse guides (30; 101) and the four tamping unit units (21-24; 90-93) connected intermediate frame (29; 98) in the transverse direction at the ends supported on the machine or tool frame (4; 73) provided with guide bearings by means of rotatably mounted guide supports (51) and with at least one rotary drive (46; 104) and the four cross-adjustment drives (47-50; 94- 97), and that preferably four guide rollers (53; 100) rotatable about vertical axes (52) for centering or abutment on a preferably circular segment-shaped guide surface (54) of the machine or tool frame (4; 73), preferably are provided in the area of the guide supports (51). 7. Machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that each having its own unit frame (62-65; 102) with height guides (31,66-68) for height adjustment having tamping unit units (21-24 ; 90-93) are mounted on two ends of the machine or tool or intermediate frame (15, 29; 73) and parallel transverse guides (30; 101) are mounted so that they can be displaced transversely, the transverse adjustment drives being used for independent transverse displacement (47-50; 94-97) are each connected to the associated unit frame (62-65; 102) and the machine frame (73) or the tool frame (15) or the intermediate frame (29).

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