EP0363194B1 - Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der relativen Feuchtigkeit in einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Behälter - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der relativen Feuchtigkeit in einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Behälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363194B1
EP0363194B1 EP89310189A EP89310189A EP0363194B1 EP 0363194 B1 EP0363194 B1 EP 0363194B1 EP 89310189 A EP89310189 A EP 89310189A EP 89310189 A EP89310189 A EP 89310189A EP 0363194 B1 EP0363194 B1 EP 0363194B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relative humidity
water vapor
solution
salt
container
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89310189A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0363194A2 (de
EP0363194A3 (de
Inventor
David B. Spruill
Joseph L. Banyasz
Thomas V. Van Auken
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Philip Morris Products SA
Philip Morris Products Inc
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Philip Morris Products SA
Philip Morris Products Inc
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Publication of EP0363194A3 publication Critical patent/EP0363194A3/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/07—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
    • B65D85/08—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles rod-shaped or tubular
    • B65D85/10—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles rod-shaped or tubular for cigarettes
    • B65D85/1081—Inserts or accessories added or joined to the container, e.g. coins, pens, cards, spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F25/00—Devices used by the smoker for controlling the moisture content of, or for scenting, cigars, cigarettes or tobacco
    • A24F25/02—Moistening devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants

Definitions

  • This invention relates to controlling the relative humidity within a substantially sealed container, such as a package of food or a pack of cigarettes. More particularly, this invention relates to a device for inclusion in a substantially sealed container for maintaining a desired degree of relative humidity within the container.
  • This overwrap film has several purposes, but one of its most important functions is to act as a moisture barrier. Certain products -- among them being foods and tobacco products -- need to have a particular moisture content in order to be satisfactory to the consumer. If the product is too wet or too dry, it may convey a negative impression to consumers. The manufacturer can easily set the moisture level in the product at the factory, but most then depend on the overwrap film to keep moisture in or out of the package as needed until the product is consumed.
  • the films covering packages may be imperfectly sealed in a manufacturing process.
  • polymeric films may not be totally impermeable to moisture vapor. That is, the moisture vapor may pass directly through the film as well as through poor seals.
  • RH relative humidity
  • a w water activity
  • Any system for controlling the relative humidity in a package must be able to cope with both moisture absorbed into the package from a very humid external environment, and with loss of moisture from the package into a very dry external environment.
  • Known methods for controlling the relative humidity in a package, or supplying moisture to the contents of a package include putting into the package an absorbent material, such as blotter board, impregnated with water or other materials, so that the absorbent material will release its contents over time into the interior of the package.
  • Another known method is to include in the package a pouch of cellophane or other porous or microporous cellulosic or polymeric membrane. The pouch encloses a hydrated salt which releases water vapor over time through the membrane into the pack.
  • the first method putting wet blotter board, or some other water carrier into the package -- simply puts excess water into the package or container. Initially the contents of the package will have too high a moisture level, and then, as the excess water is lost from the package, the contents will dry out. This method provides no means of stabilizing the relative humidity within the package at a desired level.
  • the second method -- putting a hydrated salt inside a package -- does give a buffering effect which helps stabilize the relative humidity in the package at a particular level.
  • most hydrated salts establish an equilibrium relative humidity which is wrong -- usually much too high for most packaging applications, and certainly for foods and for tobacco products.
  • their RH buffering capacities per unit weight are low.
  • GB-A-1 369 992 discloses a device for insertion into a cigarette pack for maintaining a relative humidity of 52%. It comprises an absorbent paper inside a water vapour permeable polystyrene or polyethylene sheet. The paper is impregnated with aqueous sodium bromide solution, dried, and further water added to the paper.
  • Hydrated salts all have very low buffering capacities. In a truly closed system, this is not too important, but in a system which leaks, or which is enclosed partially or completely by a barrier which is somewhat permeable to water vapor, it is a very important practical issue. Large masses of a hydrated salt might be required to successfully buffer a package enclosed in a typical film such as polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, cellulose, etc. Usually, the amount of hydrated salt required makes it an impractical medium for controlling relative humidity in a commercial package.
  • hydrated salts For use in consumable products, such as food or tobacco, many hydrated salts cannot be considered because of undesirable properties of the salt. For example, they may be toxic, or may create off-tastes in foods. Some may undergo chemical reactions with the other substances in the package. Consequently, the number of hydrated salts which can be practically considered is quite limited.
  • Saturated salt solutions do not have the same capacity problem as do hydrated salts. There can be a great deal more water per unit volume or per unit weight in a saturated salt solution than in a hydrated salt. Furthermore, it is possible to adjust the initial ratio of excess salt to water, depending on whether the most probable problem expected is that the package will gain water or lose water.
  • a further consideration is the need to contain a solution inside the package in such a way that it can equilibrate with the atmosphere inside the package, and at the same time not spill into the rest of the package, nor wick into the package or its contents. Obviously, an open container cannot be used, and a closed container would not allow equilibration with the atmosphere inside the package.
  • a device for insertion into a substantially sealed container for maintaining a desired relative humidity of about 60% at about 24°C (75°F) in the container comprising: a buffering substance for maintaining the desired relative humidity by liberating water vapor when actual relative humidity falls below the desired relative humidity and by absorbing water vapor when actual relative humidity rises above the desired relative humidity, the buffering substance comprising a saturated solution of a salt capable of maintaining an equilibrium relative humidity at least equal to the desired relative humidity; and a container for the buffering substance, the container allowing liberation and absorption of water vapor, characterised in that the buffering substance further comprises a solution of a saccharide for lowering the maintained relative humidity from the equilibrium relative humidity to the desired relative humidity.
  • the humidity control device of the present invention is provided as an insert to the container whose internal relative humidity is to be controlled.
  • a first preferred embodiment of a humidity control insert 10 is illustrated in FIGS. 1-4.
  • Insert 10 is in the form of a pouch made by heat sealing a polylaminated foil layer 12 and a microporous or water vapor-permeable membrane 13 around their edges in region 11.
  • polylaminated foil 12 is a laminate of polypropylene or cellulose acetate film and aluminum foil, free of pin holes.
  • the important characteristics of the foil are that it gives an impermeable barrier to water, that it be somewhat flexible, and that it not impart any toxic materials to the contents of the package.
  • Membrane 13 should allow the passage of water vapor while containing the humidity controlling solution itself. This allows the solution to control the humidity inside the package, but protects the package contents from wicking or leaking of the solution.
  • Membrane 13 can either be inherently water vapor-permeable -- i.e., water molecules pass directly through the material of the membrane, or it can be impermeable but microporous -- i.e., it has microscopic pores in it through which water molecules can pass. If a microporous membrane is used as membrane 13, the preferred microporous membrane 13 is a polypropylene membrane sold by Hoechst Celanese Corporation under the name Celgard® 2400.
  • microporous film which can contain the buffering solution and allow the transmission of water vapor into and out of insert 10 without allowing the solution itself to pass through the film could be used in place of Celgard® 2400.
  • Polylaminated foil 12 gives insert 10 flexibility and structural integrity while providing an impermeable barrier to the contents of insert 10.
  • Microporous membrane 13 has pores with a diameter of about 0.02 microns to allow water vapor to pass through it. The pore diameter should be less than 0.04 microns because of the possibility of wicking of moisture through larger pores, thus reducing or destroying the effectiveness of insert 10.
  • the required pore size of the microporous film is a complex function of the surface tension of the humidity buffering solution, the nature of the film, the temperature, and the pressure applied to the solution (atmospheric or otherwise).
  • any film or membrane with a sufficiently high water vapor permeability can be used.
  • a particularly preferred film of this type is a film of cellulose triacetate.
  • the permeability must be high enough that the total volume of water vapor passing through the film area of the insert in a given time is much greater (e.g., approximately ten times greater) than the volume of water vapor escaping in the same time from the much larger surface area of the container (e.g., through imperfect seals or because of the permeability of the container wrapper).
  • Water vapor-permeable films may be preferable to microporous films because they are generally lower in cost.
  • Insert 10 contains a buffering substance 14 between layers 12, 13.
  • the properties of buffering substances 14 will be described in more detail below.
  • Insert 10 can be placed in any convenient position in the container in which it is used, as long as it is within the same sealed volume the relative humidity of which is to be controlled.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show two possible placements in a conventional hinged-lid cigarette box 50.
  • insert 10 is placed between the front of box 50 and the cigarettes 51 within the box.
  • insert 10 is placed at the bottom of box 50, beneath the ends of cigarettes 51.
  • insert 10 could also be placed, for example, at the top of box 30, inside lid 52, or anywhere else in box 50.
  • insert 10 does not necessarily have to be a separate and independent element, but could be built into the package itself.
  • insert 10 could be used to equal advantage in a soft cigarette pack, as well as in any other substantially sealed container.
  • FIG. 6 shows the placement in cigarette box 60 of a second preferred embodiment 61 of an insert according to this invention.
  • Insert 61 is cylindrical and approximately the size of a cigarette, and is made by forming microporous membrane 13 into a cylinder and sealing the ends 62. Insert 61 takes the place of a cigarette in box 60.
  • cigarettes in boxes usually are surrounded by an inner foil wrap. It has been found that inserts 10, 61 according to the invention are equally effective whether placed inside or outside of the inner wrap, as long as they are within the same sealed volume as the atmosphere to be controlled. Thus, in a cigarette pack, it is sufficient that the insert 10, 61 be within the polypropylene outer wrap (not shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B and 6).
  • the relative humidity In the case of a cigarette pack, the relative humidity must be such that the oven volatiles (OV) content* of the tobacco filler in the cigarettes is in the desired range of about 12.5%-13%. It is possible to correlate the relative humidity in a sealed cigarette pack with the OV content of the tobacco filler of the cigarettes in the pack.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph that shows such a relationship for one particular commercial cigarette brand.** Thus a relative humidity of about 57%-60% will produce an OV content of about 12.3%-13%, which is very close to the desired range of 12.5%-13%.
  • Buffer substance 14 must therefore be chosen to provide the desired relative humidity, e.g., about 56%-62% in the case of cigarettes.
  • Oven volatiles (OV) is a measure of the moisture content of tobacco filler.
  • a sample of tobacco filler is weighed and then heated in a forced draft oven at 100°C for three hours.
  • the sample is weighed again and the weight lost, expressed as a percentage of initial weight, is OV content.
  • OV is used interchangeably with moisture content because less than 1% of tobacco weight is volatiles other than water. ** The curve of FIG. 7 was fitted to the data points shown by plotting the data points against a logarithmic scale, fitting a straight line to the data points by least-squares regression, and using the slope to determine the equation of the curve in FIG. 7.
  • a saturated aqueous salt solution and a saccharide modifier is used as buffer substance 14.
  • saturated salt solutions have well-defined equilibrium vapor pressures, supporting well-defined equilibrium relative humidities. Such solutions are sometimes referred to as constant humidity solutions. Addition of a saccharide always lowers the equilibrium relative humidity over the solution.
  • the equilibrium relative humidity of the modified solution may be calculated to a first approximation as the product of the equilibrium relative humidity (as a decimal fraction) of the unmodified saturated salt solution and that of a solution of the saccharide in the concentration it is to be used, i.e.: where
  • salts have saturated solutions which support equilibrium relative humidities in or near the range required for a cigarette pack.
  • a salt which has been found to be effective in cigarette packs in tripotassium citrate monohydrate, which forms a saturated salt solution with an equilibrium relative humidity of 62.9%.
  • a glucose solution with an equilibrium relative humidity of 95% is added to form a modified salt solution with a relative humidity of 60%. This is within the general range of 59-61%, which is the desirable range at 24°C (75°F) for tobacco blends used in at least some commercial cigarettes. Other blends may require slightly different ranges of relative humidity, but most will fall in the area of 55-75%.
  • Inserts 10 were hand assembled from a commercially avaiable sheet of polypropylene laminated on aluminum and Celanese Celgard 2400 membrane using a heated pressure bar with a jaw pressure of approximately 280 ⁇ 35 kPa (40 ⁇ 5 psi) a dwell time of approximately 1.25 seconds, and a bar temperature of approximately 177°C (350°F).
  • the area of contact sealing was approximately 3mm (one-eight inch) in width around the perimeter of insert 10. One side was left open so that it could be filled with the buffering solution.
  • the buffering solution was prepared using 200.0 milliliters of water, 90.0 grams of glucose, and no less than 450.0 grams of tripotassium citrate monohydrate.
  • the water was heated to a temperature of about 65°C (149°F), and the glucose was added and dissolved by stirring.
  • the tripotassium citrate monohydrate was then added, and dissolved with the aid of heat and stirring.
  • the solution was allowed to cool to room temperature (about 23.5°C (74.3°F)) in a loosely closed vessel.
  • Each insert 10 was filled with three milliliters of the buffering mixture and the open side of each insert was sealed.
  • Inserts 10 were placed into packs of freshly produced commercial cigarettes which were packed with about the desired OV content of 12.5%-13%. The packs were then closed and overwrapped with a commercial polypropylene film overwrap.
  • Curves 84 and 86 of FIG. 8A show the OV content of tobacco filler in the control packs and the test packs, respectively. Straight lines were fitted to the data points of curves 84 and 86 using at least squares line-fitting process. The slopes of the two curves (-0.083 and -0.230 percent-OV/day, respectively) show that the tobacco in the packs without insert 10 loses moisture at 2.8 times the rate of tobacco in packs with inserts 10.
  • Another set of packs prepared at the same time and in the same manner as the packs in the preceding example, were stored at room conditions -- i.e., a temperature of 24°C (75°F) and a relative humidity of 43% -- along with a number of control packs.
  • Curves 80 and 81 of FIG. 8B show the OV content of tobacco filler in the control and test cigarettes, respectively, as a function of time over 28 days. Under these conditions, the OV content of tobacco in packs without the insert 10 dropped from 12.5% to approximately 11.1%, while the packs with inserts 10 remained near 12.5%.
  • Another set of packs prepared at the same time and in the same manner as the packs in the preceding example, were stored under cold conditions, i.e., a temperature of 4.5°C (40°F) and a relative humidity of 60% for 35 days.
  • Curves 82 and 83 of FIG. 8C show the OV content of tobacco filler in the control packs and the test packs, respectively. The two curves show that the tobacco in the packs without insert 10 loses moisture somewhat more rapidly than the tobacco in the packs with inserts 10. The difference observed under these conditions is the least observed under any conditions.
  • Ambient temperature was 23.5°C (74.3°F).
  • the desiccator was not disturbed for three days to allow the atmosphere inside to equilibrate. Then a commercial cigarette filler in an open crystallization dish was placed in the desiccator, and allowed to equilibrate with the atmosphere in the desiccator.
  • Packets (inserts 10) were prepared in the manner described in Example 1, but with the substitution of Celgard® 2500 for Celgard® 2400.
  • Celgard® 2500 has is similar to Celgard® 2400 except that its nominal pore size is 0.04 microns. These packets were put into cigarette packs and stored in hot and dry conditions in the manner described in Example 2. After one week of storage, packs were removed and examined. Damage was evident inside the cigarette packs due to liquid wicking from the packets. The packets themselves felt wet and slippery to the touch, as though the solution were on the outer surface of the Celgard® 2500.
  • a quantity of commercial raisin bran breakfast cereal having a water activity (A w ) of 0.55 is divided into two portions. Both portions are placed into commercial type breakfast cereal packages, each consisting of an outer paperboard box and an inner pouch which functions as a moisture barrier. The inner pouch is sealed around three edges, and has a zip-type closure on the fourth edge.
  • a humidity control device similar in construction to, but larger than, those used in Examples 1-6, containing the saturated potassium citrate/2.5 m glucose buffering solution described in Example 1, is put into half of the pouches, and they are closed.
  • the second group of pouches contain raisin bran alone. These are also put into boxes, and the boxes are closed. Both groups of packages are stored under standard "supermarket" conditions.
  • the A w of the raisin bran Periodically, one package from each group is opened, and the A w of the raisin bran is measured.
  • the A w of the raisin bran stored without the humidity control device drifts out of the acceptable range (0.60 to 0.40) much sooner than does the A w of that with the humidity control device.
  • Two fruit cakes having water activities (A w ) of 0.60 are placed on paperboard bases and over-wrapped with a film consisting of multiple alternating laminates of polyvinylidene chloride and polyethylene, such as that sold as SARAN WRAPTM by Dow Consumer Products, Inc., of Indianapolis, Indiana, to act as a moisture barrier.
  • a large humidity control device containing the saturated potassium citrate/2.5 m glucose buffering solution described in Example 1 is put inside the overwrap film of one cake. Both cakes are then placed inside the traditional metal containers used for fruit cakes. Both cakes are stored in a chair at 24°C (75°F) and 30% RH for two months.
  • the cake stored with the humidity control device has a significantly higher A w and is more acceptable to the taste.
  • a group of pound cakes having water activity (A w ) of 0.30 is divided into two sets of equal sizes. Both sets are packaged in the same type of standard transparent, sealed packages.
  • the first set of pound cakes is packaged with a large humidity control device containing an aqueous solution which is 4.4 molal in D-glucose and saturated in magnesium chloride.
  • the second set of pound cakes is packaged in the same manner, but without the humidity control devices.
  • the cakes are placed into storage under standard "supermarket" conditions. At regular intervals, pairs of cakes -- one from each set -- are removed from storage, and their water activity measured.
  • the pound cakes packaged with the humidity control devices are found to have their A w values closer to the desired level (0.30) at longer periods of storage.
  • a number of inserts 10 were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 1, except that Celgard® 2400 was replaced with a cellulose triacetate film (American Hoeschst Corp., Film Division, Type N25 Cellulose Triacetate Film, thickness - 25 micrometers, density - 32 g/m2) which is water vapor-permeable but not porous or microporous. These inserts were placed in packs of commercial cigarettes. These packs were then placed in polypropylene pouches, which were heat-sealed. Another set of cigrettes was packed similarly, except that the inserts were not included.
  • the present invention could also be used to maintain the relative humidity in packages other than cigarette packs or food packages.
  • the appropriate buffering solution would have to be selected, based on both the desired relative humidity and the chemistry of the material the moisture content of which is to be controlled.
  • the present invention provides a device which would buffer the relative humidity in a more or less closed container such as a sealed cigarette pack or food package.
  • a more or less closed container such as a sealed cigarette pack or food package.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Vorrichtung (10) (61) zum Einsetzen in einen im wesentlichen geschlossenen Behälter (50) (60), um eine erwünschte relative Feuchtigkeit von etwa 60 % bei etwa 24 °C (75 °F) in dem Behälter aufrechtzuerhalten, wobei die Vorrichtung umfaßt:
       eine Puffersubstanz (14), um die erwünschte relative Feuchtigkeit durch Freisetzen von Wasserdampf aufrechtzuerhalten, wenn die tatsächliche relative Feuchtigkeit bis unter die erwünschte relative Feuchtigkeit absinkt, sowie durch Aufsaugen von Wasserdampf, wenn die tatsächliche relative Feuchtigkeit bis über die gewünschte relative Feuchtigkeit ansteigt, wobei die Puffersubstanz (14) aus einer gesättigten Lösung eines Salzes besteht, das in der Lage ist, eine normale relative Feuchtigkeit aufrechtzuerhalten, die mindestens gleich der erwünschten relativen Feuchtigkeit ist; und
       einen Behälter (12, 13) für die Puffersubstanz, wobei der Behälter das Freisetzen und das Aufsaugen von Wasserdampf ermöglicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Puffersubstanz (14) des weiteren aus einer Lösung eines Saccharids besteht, um die aufrechterhaltene relative Feuchtigkeit von der normalen relativen Feuchtigkeit auf die erwünschte relative Feuchtigkeit abzusenken.
  2. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach Anspruch 1, in der das Salz ein Kaliumsalz ist.
  3. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, in der das Salz ein Trikaliumphosphat ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, in der das Salz ein Monohydrat von Trikaliumcitrat ist.
  5. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, in der das Salz Trikaliumcitrat ist.
  6. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach einem beliebigen vorhergehenden Anspruch, in der das Saccharid ein Monosaccharid, vorzugsweise eine Hexose und mehr bevorzugt eine Glucose, ist.
  7. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach einem beliebigen vorhergehenden Anspruch, in der die Saccharid-Lösung eine wäßrige, 2,5-molale Lösung von Glucose ist.
  8. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach einem beliebigen vorhergehenden Anspruch, in der der Behälter eine wasserdampfdurchlässige Membran (13) aufweist.
  9. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach Anspruch 8, in der die Membran (13) eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mindestens etwa 1,5 x 10⁻¹¹ g-cm/(cm²-s-(cm Hg) bei 23 °C (74 °F) aufweist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, in der die Membran (13) hydrophob ist.
  11. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 8 is 10, in der die wasserdampfdurchlässige Membran (13) eine feinporige Membran ist.
  12. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach Anspruch 11, in der die feinporige Membran (13) eine Porengröße von weniger als 0,04 Mikrometern besitzt.
  13. Vorrichtung (10) (61) nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, in der der Behälter des weiteren eine Mehrschichtenfolie (12) aufweist, die an ihren Rändern mit den Rändern der wasserdampfdurchlässigen Membran (13) heißversiegelt ist, wobei sich die Puffersubstanz (14) zwischen der Folie und der Membran befindet.
EP89310189A 1988-10-07 1989-10-05 Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der relativen Feuchtigkeit in einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Behälter Expired - Lifetime EP0363194B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25456688A 1988-10-07 1988-10-07
US254566 1988-10-07

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EP0363194A2 EP0363194A2 (de) 1990-04-11
EP0363194A3 EP0363194A3 (de) 1992-01-08
EP0363194B1 true EP0363194B1 (de) 1996-03-27

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EP (1) EP0363194B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3126361B2 (de)
DE (1) DE68926085T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2085866T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3020210T3 (de)

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JPH05234661A (ja) * 1992-02-24 1993-09-10 Kyoshin Kogyo Kk タブ端子の取付け方法及びタブ端子組合せ体
JPH0629435A (ja) * 1992-07-10 1994-02-04 Kyoshin Kogyo Kk 接続端子および接続端子組合せ体
US5936178A (en) * 1997-06-10 1999-08-10 Humidi-Pak, Inc. Humidity control device
EP0990388B1 (de) * 1998-09-28 2002-08-14 Klaus Bloch Behältnis für eine Angelschnur
FR2787093B1 (fr) * 1998-12-15 2001-07-06 Robert Gilles Kelifa Dispositif regulateur d'humidite relative
GB0618023D0 (en) * 2006-09-13 2006-10-25 Gillespie Martin S A container for absorbing moisture
GB0710773D0 (en) * 2007-06-05 2007-07-18 British American Tobacco Co Humidifying capsule for use with tobacco products
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GB2509338B (en) * 2012-11-16 2017-09-27 Essentra Packaging & Security Ltd Moisture control label
US9566605B2 (en) * 2015-01-20 2017-02-14 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Products Humidity control insert for cigarette packs
US9750811B2 (en) 2015-09-15 2017-09-05 Boveda, Inc. Devices and methods for controlling headspace humidity and oxygen levels
KR101764878B1 (ko) 2016-03-31 2017-08-03 성균관대학교산학협력단 포화 전해질 용액을 이용한 수분 투과도의 측정 장치 및 측정 방법
MX2019004337A (es) 2016-10-12 2019-09-18 Drug Plastics & Glass Company Inc Montaje de envase y cierre con humedad predeterminada y método relacionado.
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JP6268457B1 (ja) * 2017-08-09 2018-01-31 株式会社Ｎａｉｔｏ 煙草ケース
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JP2022543198A (ja) * 2019-07-29 2022-10-11 ジェイティー インターナショナル エス．エイ． 加湿挿入物及び喫煙具を加湿する方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68926085T2 (de) 1996-10-10
DE68926085D1 (de) 1996-05-02
EP0363194A2 (de) 1990-04-11
JP3126361B2 (ja) 2001-01-22
GR3020210T3 (en) 1996-09-30
EP0363194A3 (de) 1992-01-08
JPH02144119A (ja) 1990-06-01
ES2085866T3 (es) 1996-06-16

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