EP0332470A2 - Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby - Google Patents

Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0332470A2
EP0332470A2 EP89302414A EP89302414A EP0332470A2 EP 0332470 A2 EP0332470 A2 EP 0332470A2 EP 89302414 A EP89302414 A EP 89302414A EP 89302414 A EP89302414 A EP 89302414A EP 0332470 A2 EP0332470 A2 EP 0332470A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
areas
carrier fluid
heat carrier
temperatures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89302414A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0332470B1 (en
EP0332470A3 (en
Inventor
Antonio Pinto Barbedo De Magalhaes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Felino- Fundicao E Construcoes Mecanicas Sa
OLIVA- Industrias Metalurgicas SA
Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica e Gestao Industrial INEGI
Original Assignee
Felino- Fundicao E Construcoes Mecanicas Sa
OLIVA- Industrias Metalurgicas SA
Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica e Gestao Industrial INEGI
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Felino- Fundicao E Construcoes Mecanicas Sa, OLIVA- Industrias Metalurgicas SA, Instituto de Engenharia Mecanica e Gestao Industrial INEGI filed Critical Felino- Fundicao E Construcoes Mecanicas Sa
Priority to AT89302414T priority Critical patent/ATE96351T1/en
Publication of EP0332470A2 publication Critical patent/EP0332470A2/en
Publication of EP0332470A3 publication Critical patent/EP0332470A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0332470B1 publication Critical patent/EP0332470B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2218—Cooling or heating equipment for dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/32—Controlling equipment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to permanent moulds, such as die casting moulds and ignition moulds, and to a process for controlling the temperature distribution in such a mould (and in the parts cast or moulded thereby) when it is used repetitively.
  • the present invention provides as process as defined in claim 1.
  • the invention provides, in particular, a process for cooling and/or controlling the temperature distribution of a mould, e.g. a chill die mould or a permanent die casting mould, and of a cast or injected part in it, using optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of one or more cooling fluids under adjustable flows, so that the process may be optimized.
  • a mould e.g. a chill die mould or a permanent die casting mould
  • optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of one or more cooling fluids under adjustable flows
  • an optical pyrometer or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan, at a convenient distance, the different parts of a pemanent mould immediately after the removal of the casing or moulding and measure the temperature of each area thereof and, if necessary, also the temperature of each point of the casting or moulding, e.g. a cluster of cast parts.
  • the measurements of the optical pyrometer(s) are converted into one or more electrical signals which are fed to an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program.
  • an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program.
  • one or more blowing systems are operated so that a controlled flow rate or rates of air or of another cooling or heating fluid are impinged against the area or the areas, the temperatures of which are being read or have just been read by the pyrometer or pyrometers.
  • the present invention provides a system which improves the life of a permanent die casting mould as it avoids its overheating or its excessively heterogeneous heating.
  • this process adjusts the temperature of each area of the permanent die casting mould so that a subsequent casting or injection run may be made and undue heterogeneity, warpings and/or any other faults of the casing caused by the solidification may be avoided.
  • the process according to this invention can also be used whenever the produced castings or the injected parts have to be homogeneously cooled, for instance when the direct austempering of cast iron after the casing is intended. The inventive process will control effectively the cooling of the cast parts.
  • the process according to this invention can be used together with the classical systems of temperature control of permanent moulds, including those having channels for the circulation of cooling (or heating and cooling) fluids, in order to reduce deviations in relation to the previewed or desired local temperatures. But the process can also be used alone, replacing the traditional cooling systems.
  • the process here disclosed also has the advantage that it can be used not only with metallic moulds, but also in the cooling of ceramic permanent moulds, and moulds made of any porous and/or low thermal conducting materials, eliminating the excess of heat by the side of the permanent moulds that is directly heated during the pouring or the injection casting.
  • the fluid used may be air, but one can also use any other fluid, including mixtures with lubricants, anti-adherents, thermal insulating materials, and so on. Those additives or mixtures, besides cooling the permanent moulds, may prepare them for the next pouring or injecting casting operation, being deposited on the area at which the stream of fluid is directed.
  • the used cooling fluid can be a liquid which is volatile in the actual working conditions.
  • This process of temperature control can be used in the die casting of cast irons, in the die and injection casting of aluminium and other alloys, and in the injection moulding of polymers and of other materials.
  • one or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan (at a certain distance) the surfaces of a die casting permanent mould, made of a metallic, ceramic composite, coated material, or any others, with or without cores, and, if necessary, scan also the cast or injected part and, depending on the temperatures read in each area, open or close more or less one or more valves of a blowing system, blowing one or more heat carrier fluids (air or other gaseous or liquid fluid), in controlled amounts, towards the areas that need to be cooled or heated, so that their temperatures become the desired ones, in order to improve the life of the permanent die casting mould, including eventually a core, and in order also to guarantee good conditions for the subsequent casting or injection operation of the next pieces in the same die, or in order also to reach the convenient temperatures in the die-cast or injection-moulded parts, for a subsequent

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Valve Housings (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

In order to control the temperature distribution of a permanent mould (and optionally of the casting or moulding itself), one or more optical pyrometers scan the surface areas of the mould and, if necessary, also the surface of a casting or moulding after its removal from the mould, and operate a blowing system that will cool or heat those areas so that desired temperatures are obtained according to the temperature readings at each area.

Description

  • This invention relates to permanent moulds, such as die casting moulds and ignition moulds, and to a process for controlling the temperature distribution in such a mould (and in the parts cast or moulded thereby) when it is used repetitively.
  • The life of a chill die mould (permanent die casting mould) and as well as the microstructure and the dimensional stability of a part cast or injected into it are dependent on the temperature distribution of the different points of the casting and mould.
  • The present invention provides as process as defined in claim 1.
  • The invention provides, in particular, a process for cooling and/or controlling the temperature distribution of a mould, e.g. a chill die mould or a permanent die casting mould, and of a cast or injected part in it, using optical pyrometry in combination with the localized blowing of one or more cooling fluids under adjustable flows, so that the process may be optimized.
  • According to the invention, an optical pyrometer or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan, at a convenient distance, the different parts of a pemanent mould immediately after the removal of the casing or moulding and measure the temperature of each area thereof and, if necessary, also the temperature of each point of the casting or moulding, e.g. a cluster of cast parts.
  • The measurements of the optical pyrometer(s) are converted into one or more electrical signals which are fed to an information processing system that treats them according to a predetermined program. Depending on the temperature readings and according to the said program, one or more blowing systems are operated so that a controlled flow rate or rates of air or of another cooling or heating fluid are impinged against the area or the areas, the temperatures of which are being read or have just been read by the pyrometer or pyrometers.
  • In this way, the temperatures of said areas are controlled.
  • The present invention provides a system which improves the life of a permanent die casting mould as it avoids its overheating or its excessively heterogeneous heating. On the other hand, this process adjusts the temperature of each area of the permanent die casting mould so that a subsequent casting or injection run may be made and undue heterogeneity, warpings and/or any other faults of the casing caused by the solidification may be avoided. At least, the process according to this invention can also be used whenever the produced castings or the injected parts have to be homogeneously cooled, for instance when the direct austempering of cast iron after the casing is intended. The inventive process will control effectively the cooling of the cast parts.
  • The process according to this invention can be used together with the classical systems of temperature control of permanent moulds, including those having channels for the circulation of cooling (or heating and cooling) fluids, in order to reduce deviations in relation to the previewed or desired local temperatures. But the process can also be used alone, replacing the traditional cooling systems.
  • It has the advantage of being simple and also the advantage that it acts locally in dependence on the temperature and the real conditions existing at each point and at each time.
  • The process here disclosed also has the advantage that it can be used not only with metallic moulds, but also in the cooling of ceramic permanent moulds, and moulds made of any porous and/or low thermal conducting materials, eliminating the excess of heat by the side of the permanent moulds that is directly heated during the pouring or the injection casting.
  • With this system the opening of cooling channels in the interior of the permanent moulds is no longer necessary and the risks of cracking of the dies and of leakage of cooling liquids are avoided.
  • It has still the advantage that it can be also used to cool, in a controlled way, the cast pieces, namely when they are poured in dies or made by injection casting.
  • With the present process, it is possible to homogenize and control the temperature and the cooling of the parts, in order to avoid warping, guarantee predetermined structures, prepare the cast pieces for subsequent heat treatments, or even to accomplish the heat treatments by using an adequately strong cooling rate when the temperatures are convenient for that.
  • The fluid used may be air, but one can also use any other fluid, including mixtures with lubricants, anti-adherents, thermal insulating materials, and so on. Those additives or mixtures, besides cooling the permanent moulds, may prepare them for the next pouring or injecting casting operation, being deposited on the area at which the stream of fluid is directed.
  • If a more severe cooling is necessary, the used cooling fluid can be a liquid which is volatile in the actual working conditions.
  • This process of temperature control can be used in the die casting of cast irons, in the die and injection casting of aluminium and other alloys, and in the injection moulding of polymers and of other materials.
  • Although conceived, in principle, to cool permanent moulds or to cool the pieces poured in dies or injected in permanent moulds, the same process can also be used to heat the permanent moulds (and, in some cases even the pieces poured or injected) when the blowing fluids are conveniently heated.
  • It is a process that is quite simple, can be automatized, and has a very wide application.
  • For controlling the temperatures of a permanent die casting mould and cast or injected parts, by optical pyrometry in combination with the local blowing of a fluid in dependence on the temperature measured in each area, one or a plurality of optical pyrometers scan (at a certain distance) the surfaces of a die casting permanent mould, made of a metallic, ceramic composite, coated material, or any others, with or without cores, and, if necessary, scan also the cast or injected part and, depending on the temperatures read in each area, open or close more or less one or more valves of a blowing system, blowing one or more heat carrier fluids (air or other gaseous or liquid fluid), in controlled amounts, towards the areas that need to be cooled or heated, so that their temperatures become the desired ones, in order to improve the life of the permanent die casting mould, including eventually a core, and in order also to guarantee good conditions for the subsequent casting or injection operation of the next pieces in the same die, or in order also to reach the convenient temperatures in the die-cast or injection-moulded parts, for a subsequent heat treatment (austempering or any other), in order to avoid warping, and also in order to achieve desired microstructures.

Claims (8)

1. A process for controlling the temperature of a permanent mould, comprising scanning areas of the mould by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas, comparing the measured values of the said temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas in order to reduce any difference between the measured and desired values.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, in which the said areas are scanned immediately after removal of a casting or moulding from the mould.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising scanning areas of a casting or moulding by means of at least one optical pyrometer in order to measure the temperatures of those areas immediately after removal from the mould, comparing the measured values of those temperatures with desired values, and directing heat carrier fluid streams at those areas in order to reduce any difference.
4. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, in which the heat carrier fluid is air.
5. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, in which the heat carrier fluid is a liquid.
6. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, in which the heat carrier fluid contains an additive, e.g. a lubricant or anti-adherent, which is deposited on the area at which the stream is directed.
7. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, in which signals from the optical pyrometer(s) are fed to a processing system which controls one or more blowing systems for directing the heat carrier fluid streams at the said areas.
8. A process as claimed in claim 7, in which the blowing systems comprise valves which are closed or opened more or less, as a function of the signals.
EP89302414A 1988-03-11 1989-03-10 Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby Expired - Lifetime EP0332470B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89302414T ATE96351T1 (en) 1988-03-11 1989-03-10 REGULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN A MOLD AND OF PARTS CAST IN IT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT86954A PT86954B (en) 1988-03-11 1988-03-11 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURES OF PERMANENT MOLDACOES AND OF PECES EMPTY OR INJECTED IN THE REFERENCE MOLDACOES OR COQUILHAS
PT86954 1988-03-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0332470A2 true EP0332470A2 (en) 1989-09-13
EP0332470A3 EP0332470A3 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0332470B1 EP0332470B1 (en) 1993-10-27

Family

ID=20084188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89302414A Expired - Lifetime EP0332470B1 (en) 1988-03-11 1989-03-10 Control of the temperature distribution of a mould and of cast or moulded parts produced thereby

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0332470B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE96351T1 (en)
DE (1) DE68910156D1 (en)
PT (1) PT86954B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0941788A3 (en) * 1998-03-09 2004-03-03 Acheson Industries, Inc. Process and device for preparing the walls of a mold for molding or shaping to make them ready for the next molding cycle, spray element with centrifugal atomization and air guidance, and use of this spray element for spraying essentially solvent-free mold wall treatment agent

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI120384B (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-10-15 Outotec Oyj Method of casting anodes and anode casting apparatus
DE202011003399U1 (en) 2011-03-01 2012-06-04 BEGO Bremer Goldschlägerei Wilh. Herbst GmbH & Co. KG vacuum casting

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3506060A (en) * 1966-05-06 1970-04-14 Robert S L Andrews Method for continuous centrifugal casting of tubular metal articles
FR2085409A1 (en) * 1970-04-17 1971-12-24 Pont A Mousson
JPS57171565A (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-10-22 Hitachi Metals Ltd Cooling method for die
EP0286977A2 (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-10-19 IRITECNA Società per l'Impiantistica Industriale e l'Assetto del Territorio per Azioni Method and apparatus for controlling the cooling of molds for the controlled-pressure casting of metals

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3506060A (en) * 1966-05-06 1970-04-14 Robert S L Andrews Method for continuous centrifugal casting of tubular metal articles
FR2085409A1 (en) * 1970-04-17 1971-12-24 Pont A Mousson
JPS57171565A (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-10-22 Hitachi Metals Ltd Cooling method for die
EP0286977A2 (en) * 1987-04-15 1988-10-19 IRITECNA Società per l'Impiantistica Industriale e l'Assetto del Territorio per Azioni Method and apparatus for controlling the cooling of molds for the controlled-pressure casting of metals

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 7, no. 16 (M-187)[1161], 22nd January 1983; & JP-A-57 171 565 (HITACHI KINZOKU K.K.) 22-10-1982 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0941788A3 (en) * 1998-03-09 2004-03-03 Acheson Industries, Inc. Process and device for preparing the walls of a mold for molding or shaping to make them ready for the next molding cycle, spray element with centrifugal atomization and air guidance, and use of this spray element for spraying essentially solvent-free mold wall treatment agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68910156D1 (en) 1993-12-02
ATE96351T1 (en) 1993-11-15
PT86954A (en) 1990-03-30
EP0332470B1 (en) 1993-10-27
EP0332470A3 (en) 1990-10-10
PT86954B (en) 1994-07-29

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