EP0311993B1 - Système de mouvement pour meuble de couchage, de station assise et pour se tenir en position debout - Google Patents

Système de mouvement pour meuble de couchage, de station assise et pour se tenir en position debout Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0311993B1
EP0311993B1 EP88116894A EP88116894A EP0311993B1 EP 0311993 B1 EP0311993 B1 EP 0311993B1 EP 88116894 A EP88116894 A EP 88116894A EP 88116894 A EP88116894 A EP 88116894A EP 0311993 B1 EP0311993 B1 EP 0311993B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed air
pressure
pads
movement
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP88116894A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0311993A2 (fr
EP0311993A3 (en
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Peter Halsig
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1054—Large wheels, e.g. higher than the seat portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1091—Cushions, seats or abduction devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2210/00—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis
    • A61G2210/10—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis for orthopedics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a programmable pressure cushion system for reclining, sitting and standing furniture.
  • Seating and reclining furniture have long been designed and designed according to ergonomic criteria, with the aim of enabling the user to sit or lie down as free of discomfort and fatigue as possible. In general, you endeavor, for. B. to maintain an assumed ideal sitting position as unchanged as possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a programmable pressure pad system, which brings an improvement over the currently known reclining, standing or sitting furniture and is suitable for fitness, sports and medical and general use.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge of the tasks and functional properties and the physiological need of those organs of the body, the task of which is to bring about and regulate the various positions, postures and movements, and their integration into the interactions with the psycho-mental conditions of everyday life .
  • the intervertebral discs z. B. require adequate nutrition to maintain their function, which is only guaranteed if these are relieved of pressure, which in connection with the spinal column statics can only be done by constant gentle changes in position of the pelvis against the shoulder.
  • pressure on the intervertebral discs increases with the sitting time in the symmetrical trunk posture, it is a requirement to place asymmetrical sitting and lying movements on an equal footing next to the symmetrical postures.
  • Muscles need constant changes in position, tension and use of strength. They require stretching stimuli and have to recover at certain intervals depending on the type of fiber and the state of training. If they are constantly moved at defined intervals, they are also ready for sudden work assignments. These sudden movements, which the muscles in conventional furniture are not adjusted to, are considered to be the main cause of muscular discomfort.
  • the receptors of the sensor-motor system finally need, in order to accomplish their task, to change the state of their measured variable after a defined time, as an increase or decrease in pressure, tension, tension etc.
  • the body For lying-sitting-standing, this means that after a certain time interval, the body is forced to move in as many levels as possible, contrary to its habit, in programmed movement steps.
  • the movement initiative usually starts with the device and not from the user.
  • An exception is conscious movement or muscle training, in which the user influences the stroke or the outflow speed of the pressure medium through muscle power.
  • the movement should not be a block movement, e.g. B. the trunk in space, but as a movement of body parts, of spinal sections against each other. Wherever there are joints, they should be operated.
  • the movement system consists of the system carrier (different for the application areas), an element carrier system in individual or modular construction and the movement-active elements, the air pockets.
  • the movements are caused by pressure pads, in particular air cushions, attacking certain parts of the body and by changing the volume, i. H. by inflating the air cushion or deflating the air cause a body movement that inevitably leads to muscle movement.
  • the body movement and thus the muscle movement should be carried out intermittently in a certain time course or time interval and in particular symmetrically and asymmetrically, with a control system for the pulsating, ie. H. regulates pressure-increasing or pressure-reducing flow of the pressure medium in the pressure cushion or air cushion.
  • This pulsating change in the air cushion at certain time intervals accordingly changes the physical position of the person, which leads to an attitude that corresponds to the needs of the organs.
  • the air pockets are attached to an element carrier system - the pads - with the task of regulating the movement - as required - also against movement resistance, such as. B. muscle-tendon shortening, joint blockade, neuromuscular tone changes, Habits and the like.
  • movement resistance such as. B. muscle-tendon shortening, joint blockade, neuromuscular tone changes, Habits and the like.
  • the pads are to be adjusted three-dimensionally, if possible, by means of adapters on the system carrier, the pads having a slack in the functional direction of the air pockets, and which can be folded down or lowered to facilitate entry, but must still be lockable in function.
  • the invention is also of considerable importance for use in the physically handicapped, in casualty victims or other persons with permanent or temporary muscle, brain and nerve function weakness.
  • the movement therapy of the human musculoskeletal system plays an important role.
  • the seating or reclining system according to the invention is used to pursue a completely new sitting or reclining philosophy, which aims at permanently dynamic sitting or reclining in contrast to the previously known sitting or reclining.
  • the sandwich pressure pads arranged symmetrically and in mirror image on a piece of seating or reclining furniture can be loaded both symmetrically and asymmetrically.
  • this is, for example, a seat cushion divided into two chambers, which is preferably inflated asymmetrically, ie on the left or right, in order to consciously achieve a one-sided lifting of the buttocks.
  • the upper body inevitably focuses on the changed buttocks position, which leads to a change in the spine posture, ie to a movement of vertebrae against vertebrae, and finally to a change in the stressed holding muscles.
  • the targeted support of the air cushion takes place via individual or modular pads.
  • a plurality of pressure pads connected in series or connected in parallel are attached symmetrically or asymmetrically, for example, to a piece of seating furniture, in order to be intermittently acted upon or relieved of air.
  • This leads to a shift in posture and thus to an activation of the receptors and, as a result, to a change in the stressed holding muscles.
  • the necessary time intervals can be varied depending on the state of the user, the physiological receptor function and the state of exhaustion of the holding muscles playing a decisive role.
  • the seating surface of a piece of seating furniture has a symmetrical two-chamber system, preferably a three, four or five-chamber system, which can be acted upon by pulsating air in a symmetrically or asymmetrically manner.
  • So-called multifunctional cushions are preferably used as pressure cushions, which are constructed as a sandwich, have several separate chambers, which can have different functions in different programs, or can also only act as level regulators outside the moving part of the multifunctional cushion.
  • a lateral support of the pelvis as a so-called trochanter pad centers the pelvis above the air cushions.
  • the thigh support can also be used in the middle of the knee as a so-called abduction wedge.
  • the air cushions are also subjected to air symmetrically or asymmetrically intermittently.
  • sub-claim 5 further pressure chambers are provided in the lower and upper area of the backrest as lumbar support, trunk, shoulder, armpit support or side support, according to sub-claim 6 additional pressure pads are provided in the neck area as head restraint, the pulsating air or a corresponding one according to the invention being used in principle Discharge is provided.
  • the pressure cushions provided in subclaims 4 to 6 can be symmetrical on a piece of seating furniture with respect to its vertical center plane, but in special medical cases also asymmetrical, ie. H. be arranged at different heights.
  • Appropriate valves in the pressure pads connected in series or in parallel can in each case supply the necessary chambers with compressed air by means of a corresponding control, which are necessary for the treatment therapy.
  • armrests and footrests can be provided with side parts of vehicle seats as armrests or shoulder bump pads with pressure pads.
  • a front seat belt or front pelvic fixation pads are provided, in particular in vehicles or aircraft, but also for therapeutic treatment of the disabled, which likewise have compressed air chambers over the entire length or over partial lengths and which can be charged with air statically or dynamically.
  • the pads or the pressure pads can have different shapes according to their function and direction of pressure (Fig. 4 No. 2, Fig. 3).
  • Multifunctional cushions are preferably used, which contain various functions in their sandwich construction. It is also possible to place several pillows on top of one another in a cover, which can serve to increase the stroke, differentiate direction or limit frictional forces. Special friction pads can also be used to trigger muscle activity.
  • the carrier system ideally a chair, armchair, bed, wheelchair, standing stand or the like, which is built according to the principles of the invention, can be adapted in connection with the element system (pad system) to such an extent that not only the size and weight, but also anatomical-physiological or pathological conditions of the user can be taken into account (e.g. spinal bends (scoliosis) or muscle or joint function restrictions (contractures) etc.).
  • element system e.g. spinal bends (scoliosis) or muscle or joint function restrictions (contractures) etc.
  • muscle fiber-differential training eccentric, concentric, static, dynamic, long-range, short-range, constant pressure, constant pressure.
  • External stroke limiters can also be used.
  • smaller pillows can also be used.
  • control processing of external control interventions can be provided, e.g. B. pulse generator on the steering wheel rim, brake or gas.
  • the head, foot and possibly middle section of an existing bed can be adjusted, so this possibility of movement can be used by the system electronics.
  • electrically controllable footrests or the regulation of an "upright chair” can be included in the movement of the body if required for wheelchairs.
  • the entire system or parts of the system are to be integrated into existing reclining / standing furniture using special adapters.
  • standing furniture also called standing stands or abdominal sloping boards, which are used for treatment therapies for the disabled.
  • standing furniture of this type is also used according to the invention, in which the person stands vertically or obliquely, is embedded and the pressure cushion is applied to certain parts of the body.
  • compressed air generated by a compressor which is controlled electrically or digitally-electrically, fills a number of air pockets based on demand and relieves pressure by appropriate valves, the user being moved in up to three levels as required.
  • the movement per air pocket refers only to a certain area of the body, with several such air pockets being connected in series or in parallel.
  • the seat (1) described in Fig. 1 has pressure pads or air pockets (2), which can be designed differently. These air pockets can be in or on the existing seat, e.g. B. under existing covers by means of tapes or closures or otherwise attached. However, they can be integrated into the seating system from the outset, as is the case with known sports seats in motor vehicles, with the user being adjusted on two levels (high, low, wide, narrow) with an adjustable back. This allows an individual adjustment to the size and number of the different system units.
  • the air pockets can be incorporated as a complete system or system parts into special covers and pulled over the seat (1).
  • the seat cushion (3) consists of a multi-chamber system and in particular of a rear seat leg or back pocket (6) divided into two separate chambers (4, 5) and a front one, possibly also through a partition (7) in chambers (8, 9) separated thigh pocket (10).
  • the rear seat leg pocket (6) is attached to an additional level adjustment cushion (11) with which the height of the seat leg pocket (6) can be varied.
  • Compressed air supply lines (12) and air discharge lines (13) with valves (14) are provided for each chamber (4, 5, 8, 9 and 11).
  • the seat cushion (3) is therefore constructed as a sandwich bag with the possibility of influencing the various chambers.
  • the seat (1) can have further pressure chambers (15) in the lateral seating area, which offer the user a lateral support for the thighs.
  • the armrest (16) can optionally also be configured as a compressed air cushion.
  • the back part (17) of the seat (1) like the seat part (18), has a number of pressure pads or air pockets (2). These are, in particular, the lumbar air pocket (19) for supporting the lumbar region and a side air pocket (20) arranged in the lower lateral region of the back part (17) for supporting the lateral back region. Shoulder support pockets (21) are also laterally provided in the upper shoulder area of the back part (17).
  • the headrest (22) consists of an air-filled neck pocket (23), a middle pocket (24) and two side pockets (25), each of which form separate air pockets.
  • the side pockets (25) can be made of transparent material for viewing.
  • the air filling of the seat belt (26) can be used permanently but also intermittently in order to apply pressure to the user from the front.
  • the pressure cushions or air pockets (2) are normally arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center plane (29) of the seating furniture (1).
  • the seat control is divided into a right leg (30) and a left leg (31), which are acted upon intermittently with compressed air. It works as follows: First working cycle: The switch console (32) gives a first output signal (33) to the electrically pneumatically operated compressor (34) and at the same time to the solenoid valve (35) for opening the air supply line (36) in the right leg (30). The output signal (33) further actuates the pressure switch (37) to determine the upper pressure level in the air pockets (2) arranged behind it. After reaching the pressure level set by the pressure switch in the air pockets (2), a return signal (33 ') is passed on to a timer (38) by the pressure switch (37) and this is switched on.
  • the solenoid valve (35) is closed and the compressor (34) is switched off by the return signal (33 '), since the air is held in the air pockets (2) by the closed solenoid valve (35).
  • the timer (38) is set to a certain value. During this time, the air pockets (2) are filled.
  • Second work cycle After the first work cycle described above with the air filling of the air pockets (2) arranged in the right leg (30) and the holding process of this operating state caused by the timer, another work cycle follows, which in the left leg (31) corresponds to the first work cycle described above accordingly.
  • a first output signal (39) of the time switch (38) is sent beforehand when the time switch (38) has expired in the right leg (30), which has a further solenoid valve (40) in the air supply line (36) between the pressure switch (37) and the Solenoid valve (35) opens and allows the air in the air pockets (2) to escape.
  • this output signal (39) activates the pressure switch (37) in the lower pressure level, which leads to a return signal (39 ') coming from the pressure switch (37) which switches on the compressor (34).
  • the solenoid valve (40) is closed.
  • the return signal (39 ') in the left leg (31) as a signal (39 ⁇ ) opens the solenoid valve (41) in the left air supply line (42) and activates the pressure switch (43) to determine the pressure level in the left Air pockets (2) of the left strand.
  • the solenoid valve (41) By reaching the upper pressure level in the air pockets (2) in the pressure switch (43), the solenoid valve (41) is closed when the pressure level is reached, the compressor (34) is switched off and the timer (38) is started again in order to build up the pressure level in the left branch for to hold a certain time. Analogously, this process takes place in the left strand (31) the same as in the right strand (30).
  • the third working cycle After holding the air pockets (2) in the left leg, the third working cycle follows: After the timer (38) has elapsed, it emits another output signal (44) which leads to the solenoid valve (45) and opens it allow the air to escape from the air pockets (2) in the left leg (31). The output signal (44) continues to the pressure switch (43) and this closes the solenoid valve (45) when the lower pressure level is reached. After reaching this state, the pressure switch (43) leads the return signal (44 ') back to the switch console (32) in order to restore the original initial state. The process can then begin again with the first work cycle.
  • the right and left strand can work in represent the right and / or left seat half of a piece of seating furniture, wherein the pressure pads (2) acted upon in a strand (30, 31) can be distributed as desired symmetrically or asymmetrically on the seating furniture.
  • further strands (46 and 47) can be provided, which include, for example, the rear and front air admission of a seat.
  • the strand (46) for loading the air pockets in the backrest area and the strand (47) for loading the air pockets in the seat belt can be used as shown and described in FIG. 1.
  • one of the strands (46, 47) or a further strand can serve to apply air to the headrest.
  • the additional strands (46, 47) are then operated in parallel with the work cycles described or in time behind them.
  • the individual switching states of the solenoid valves (35, 40, 41, 45) as well as the pressure switches (37, 43) and the timer (38) and the compressor (34) are identified as follows:
  • An oblique line at the end of the output signal or return signal means opening or switching on, a vertical line closing or switching off the respective unit.
  • the switching cycle of the working cycles described above can be carried out manually or automatically. This is controlled by the switch console (32).
  • FIGS. 5 and 7 show application examples from the medical field.
  • the patient shown in FIGS. 5a to c is a so-called high cervical cross-section, ie the patient is completely paralyzed from the neck down. Because of this paralysis situation, the body, ie the joints, tendons, ligaments and muscles, has an enormous lack of movement, which often leads to severe stiffening leads and can be reduced by means of the device according to the invention. According to the illustration in FIGS. 5a to c, the fullest possible trunk movement should take place in three movement planes. In particular - as shown - a mutually acting, ie diagonal pelvic trunk-head-side inclination should be simulated. 5a, the middle position can be seen in the rear view of the user. For this, the patient sits on the split seat cushion (3) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The individual further air cushions shown in FIG. 5a are in a central position, so that the patient is aligned symmetrically. 6a to 6c, the switching state of the working cycles shown in FIG. 4 and described in detail is shown schematically.
  • FIG. 5b an asymmetrical and pulsating loading of the attached air pockets (2) is to take place, which can be done by the working cycle (1) described in relation to Fig. 4.
  • the air pockets (2) arranged in the right work strand (30) (see FIGS. 4 and 6b) in this work cycle are attached asymmetrically to the patient (48).
  • An air cushion (49) below the right foot (50) of the patient (48) is thus inflated and raised by the air supply line (36).
  • the right air chamber (51) of the buttocks air cushion (3) is inflated, causing the buttocks to rise on one side on the right side, but supported by the lower pelvic cushion (56) on the left side.
  • An air cushion (52) arranged on the right pushes the upper body to the left, while an air cushion (53) arranged below the left elbow, supported by an air cushion (54) also arranged on the left side at shoulder height, rotates the upper body to the right, ie clockwise.
  • One on the right side of the Body-arranged neck cuff (55) presses the head to the left side.
  • the air cushions (2) arranged in the right strand in FIG. 4 are accordingly asymmetrically distributed on the left and right of the body and bring about the desired displacement of the body when pressure is applied. The compressed air therefore flows through the pressure pads (49, 51, 52, 56, 53, 54, 55) caused by the first work cycle.
  • the reverse movement sequence then takes place in the second working cycle as shown in FIG. 5c.
  • the right foot cushion (49) is deliberately kept under pressure while the left buttock air chamber (51 '), the left side air cushion (52'), the right lower side cushion (56 '), the right elbow air cushion (53'), the right one upper shoulder pad (54 ') and the left side neck pad (55') are applied.
  • the left strand (31) is activated by the second work cycle described in FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 5b and 5c on both sides of the patient are accordingly connected in series and are pressurized with compressed air in the first work cycle (5b) or second work cycle (5c).
  • the neutral state is shown in Fig. 5a.
  • This movement therapy from the center to one side and over the center to the other side results in a deepening of the breath and mobilization of the spine in such patients.
  • the side tilt shown in FIGS. 5b and 5c is maintained for 3 to 5 minutes, for example.
  • several air pockets can of course be added or left out.
  • additional front and rear pockets or the like can be added.
  • FIGS. 7a to 7d is a spastic quadriplegia with a massive, partially fixed, right-convex scoliosis, ie. H. a spinal deformity.
  • the task of the device according to the invention with an asymmetrical, pulsating seating system also lies in the mobilization of the spine and the activation of the insufficient position receptors on the right side of the trunk in the exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. H The starting position of the patient is shown in FIG. H.
  • the right convex spinal curvature (scoliosis) is to be compensated in accordance with the air cushions activated in FIG. 7b.
  • the left foot is raised by a left foot cushion (57)
  • the right buttock area is raised by the right buttock cushion (58)
  • the pelvis is supported in this area by a lower left pelvic fixation pocket (59) through a right side pocket (60)
  • the torso which is curved to the right, is pushed to the left.
  • This movement is supported by an arm air cushion (61) and an upper left side cushion (62).
  • the original orientation of the upper body counterclockwise in FIG. 7a is accordingly rotated clockwise according to FIG. 7b.
  • FIGS. 8a and b symbolically show the movement sequence of the working cycles as described above.
  • a rotational movement of the upper body can also be carried out according to FIGS. 7c and d be made.
  • an additional air cushion (64) is attached in the rear shoulder blade region and an air cushion (65) in the front shoulder region, which cause the body to perform the described rotary movement.
  • the therapies shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 result in an enormous stimulation of the circulatory system of the otherwise almost immobile patient. This improves blood circulation in the skin, muscles and bones and improves breathability. Stiffening of the spine is also prevented, and demineralization of the spine and compression of the intervertebral discs are reduced or even stopped. The forced movements also stimulate the digestive organs. Further advantages are optimal pressure ulcer prophylaxis (pressure ulcer), prevention of scoliosis. H. Spinal bends and finally remobilization in the case of existing scoliosis. Spastic appearances can also be treated effectively.
  • the invention can therefore not only be used in normal seating or reclining furniture for fatigue-free sitting and lying, but is particularly indicated in rehabilitation and sports medicine and after operations on the back, as scoliosis training. Basically, it can be used to train the core muscles in a concentric or eccentric manner. Depending on the stroke setting in connection with the pressure component, it is possible to train in the direction of movement of the pressure pads or against the direction of movement.
  • the pressure pads can, for example, bend the trunk to the left and the patient has to exert his own force against it Press against forced bending. Furthermore, the patient can be asked to press the air out of the filled pocket as quickly as possible after reaching a maximum movement or to bring about the setpoint pressure in the pressure measuring element by means of counterpressure at any point in the movement sequence.
  • a system carrier for retrofitting in an existing seat (67a) or a system carrier for a new seat (67) is shown.
  • a pad (70) runs in a front cushion fold on a system carrier (67)
  • the pad (70b) can be made from a laterally installed system carrier (67) via the adapter (68) in height and Adapters (69) can be adjusted in width.
  • the parts shown with reference numerals (68a, 69a, 70a) are the adapters and pads belonging to the system carrier (67a).
  • An additional pelvic cushion (66) is provided in the seating area. Otherwise, the description for FIG. 1 applies.
  • FIG. 10a, b show a further example of a multifunctional cushion, the valves being shown with reference number (12).
  • the right separate pocket (71) can work symmetrically or asymmetrically together with the left pocket (72) and a connection with the lower pocket (73) can work in the same way or in the opposite way in another movement program (FIG. 10b shows the side view of FIG. 10a).
  • Fig. 10c shows a "roof tile cushion", in which a row of air channels (74) are overlapped under a film plate (104), which unfold when inflated and allow lateral displacement without friction for the user.
  • This type of pillow in combination with the sandwich pillow according to FIG. 10d is intended for use in transverse trunk displacements.
  • This multifunctional pillow consists of three different air pocket types, but with a different one Function. This should serve as an example for the various possible combinations of air cushions of different shapes and functions.
  • 11a and b represent a system carrier, which consists of a center column (78) to which height-adjustable cross members (79) are attached, which can of course also be asymmetrical.
  • the center column (78) is connected to the cross member (78b) in a partially movable manner via an angle-adjustable joint.
  • a rear pelvic pad (80) and a lumbar pad (81) are directly connected to the central column (78) by means of height-adjustable adapters.
  • the trochanter pads (85) are intentionally not connected to the center column (78) on separate adapters, because these pads (85) not only have the pelvic fixation in the transverse direction, but also in a special training and in interaction with the spinach pads (86) 11b, which shows the fixation of the pelvis in the vertical direction, e.g. B. allow for scoliosis (spinal bend).
  • the pads (83) are adapted to the upper cross member (79) and have the task of exerting pressure on the shoulders in the vertical direction. In combination with the back pocket, there is a longitudinal-diagonal movement when the shoulder pads are subjected to asymmetrical pressure with the diagonal back pocket.
  • the fuselage (84) and spinapelotte (86) as fuselage-encompassing pelotte can usually be folded down.
  • Fig. 12a shows a bed (101) on which in a special sheet (94) a pillow bag (87) as a multifunctional pillow (one pillow divided, one undivided), two shoulder pillows (88), a lumbar pocket (89) and two pelvic back pockets (90), each designed as a multi-function cushion, are attached by means of fastenings (93).
  • a pillow bag as a multifunctional pillow (one pillow divided, one undivided), two shoulder pillows (88), a lumbar pocket (89) and two pelvic back pockets (90), each designed as a multi-function cushion, are attached by means of fastenings (93).
  • individual pillows or a combination of several pillows can move the respective body parts by selecting a program.
  • the knees lie on a split knee roller cushion (100), which is explained in more detail in FIG. 12c and can be adjusted in width on a guide (103) in the middle of two inner knee pads (102) including pressure cushion (102).
  • the air can be applied to the knee rolls symmetrically or asymmetrically, as can the knee abduction pads (102), which can, however, also be used statically.
  • the abduction pads (102) can, however, also be pushed onto the outside of the guide; H. they can be used dynamically for function reversal or in both directions.
  • FIG. 12b in combination with the system according to FIG. 12a shows a system carrier (95) which, in turn, is adjustable in length and width by means of adapters holding air pocket-equipped pads for the different pressure directions.
  • These pads (96, 97, 98, 99) can of course be adjusted in at least two spatial dimensions.
  • the user needs a sliding shoe (92) as heel protection, which can also contain an air pocket with a plastic-reinforced heel. This shoe prevents friction damage to the heel when using the knee roll.
  • FIGS. 13a and b The object shown in FIGS. 13a and b is a training and exercise device that can also be used in the medical field.
  • There are used for the exercise treatment of the severely disabled or Rehabilitation of accidental injuries so-called inclined stomach reclining stands and standing stands are used for a wide variety of exercise and training approaches.
  • these exercise devices do not permit leg movements, so that the feet, knees and hip joints are only subjected to static loads during training or exercise treatment, which does not meet the requirements of the new movement system according to the invention.
  • the new standing stand (swinging stand), articulated movements of the foot, knee and hip can generally be carried out, but can also be locked for exercise and training purposes.
  • the joints are moved in their natural posture - while standing, the load size being infinitely adjustable via the adjustable leg guide rails in such a way that the lower leg part and the upper leg part can be adjusted independently of one another for adjusting the knee joint (112).
  • the standing stand is further mounted on a frame (104) which is provided with wheels (127).
  • the leg guide rails (110, 111) are attached to a center stand (103) with a hip joint (109) that is freely movable in hip movement and extension and allows approx. 45 ° expansion and expansion as well as approx. 45 ° external and internal rotation .
  • the cable is locked at the lower end of a tube (105) which is inserted into the center stand (103) so that the height of the standing part can be adjusted mechanically or electrically (cable winch).
  • a strong rubber buffer (129) is inserted into the tube (105), through which the joint (109), a seat part (117) (Fig. 13b, 122) and trochanter pads are on a transverse axis (Fig. 13b, 128) (115) and pelvic supports (116), which according to the invention are adjustable via adapters, are provided with air cushions and can alternatively be attached to a stand on the tube (105).
  • the leg guides (110) in FIG. 13b (111, 126 right leg, 124, 125 left leg) are provided with a knee joint (112) which can be locked freely or in any other angle setting.
  • the foot guide (114) is only angle-adjustable in the flexion and extension plane and can also be equipped with air pockets, just like the thigh and lower leg knee pads (113).
  • the leg guides can float freely above the base frame (104), but can also be locked in different positions. They can be connected to the base frame via elastic bands that direct the movement stroke in different directions, which is good for an untargeted strength training.
  • a cross-directionally adjustable and rotatable curved rail (123) with slide is used on the base frame by means of an adapter, to which the foot frame is to be fastened, so that the user can practice a movement running in a certain plane, or into which it is moved by means of electrically controlled cables (112).
  • the cables (112) hang from a winch mechanism (121), which in turn can be adjusted with an adapter on a cross tube (120).
  • This mechanism is attached to a stand (118) which can support a worktop at its upper end with an inserted tube (119).
  • the cable mechanism is programmably computer-controlled together with the pneumatics, so that the "standing column” allows a variety of completely new movement and therapy programs.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Système de matelas sous pression programmable pour un meuble de couchage, de station assise ou de station debout, pour permettre des mouvements appropriés de parties du corps humain, constitué de coussins sous pression pouvant être remplis d'air ou analogue, sous forme d'un ensemble de cellules sous pression ou de coussins de pression individuels qui, d'un côté, de façon centrale, de façon symétrique ou asymétrique par rapport au plan central longitudinal du corps, sont agencés de façon répartie sur des positions prédéfinies, immuables pendant l'utilisation, et peuvent être alimentés, de façon réglable, en pression au moyen d'un dispositif de commande, de façon intermittente, de façon statique et/ou dynamique, l'alimentation servant au déplacement réglable, dépendant du temps, thérapeutique de parties du corps humain en influençant la musculature, les tendons et ligaments, les articulations, la colonne vertébrale, les extrémités ou analogues.
  2. Système de matelas sous pression programmable selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le matelas sous pression est réalisé sous forme d'un ensemble de cellules, au moins un coussin sous pression étant superposé avantageusement à une cellule sous pression sous forme de sandwich.
  3. Système selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que plusieurs matelas sous pression (2) sont agencés en une ligne (30, 31) séparable, le cas échéant, par des soupapes de commande, en étant disposés l'un derrière l'autre ou en parallèle.
  4. Système selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la surface de siège d'un meuble de station assise est réalisée sous forme d'un ensemble de cellules de pression (3) et présente, au moins dans la zone de siège arrière, un coussin de pression symétrique ou asymétrique (6), et en ce que, avantageusement, dans la zone avant, une cellule de pression (10) continue ou séparée (8, 9) est prévue comme appui de la cuisse, à alimentation de pression variable.
  5. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dossier (17) d'un meuble de station assise (1) présente, dans la zone inférieure, un coussin de pression (19) pour les reins ainsi que, le cas échéant, des coussins de pression (20, 21) agencés latéralement dans la zone inférieure des reins et/ou dans la zone supérieure à la hauteur des épaules ou à la hauteur des aisselles.
  6. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone supérieure du dossier (17), il est prévu un support de pression pour les épaules pour des coussins de pression (83) éventuellement en liaison avec un coussin (65) pour la poitrine ou le sternum, un appui-tête (22) avec un coussin (23) pour la nuque, un appui principal arrière (24), ainsi que des coussins latéraux (25).
  7. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les bras et les appuis pour les pieds d'un meuble de station assise sont munis de cellules de pression.
  8. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le système de station assise présente une ceinture de sécurité à support (26), avec un coussin de pression s'étendant longitudinalement a la ceinture (27) pour le bassin, principalement dans la zone iliaque, et/ou à la ceinture (28) pour l'épaule.
  9. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les supports et leurs coussins de pression présentent, selon leur fonction et leur direction de pression, des formes différentes.
  10. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est fourni une adaptabilité du système de matelas sous pression à la taille et aux données anatomiques et physiologiques ou pathologiques de l'utilisateur.
  11. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une modification de la course de travail ou de l'amplitude de mouvement des coussins de pression à pression constante est fournie pour l'utilisateur par une possibilité de réglage des supports en ce qui concerne leur position, ou en ce qu'une modification de la pression de travail à course constante pour des patients résulte de la modification de pression dans le matelas sous pression alimenté de façon statique, de type sandwich.
  12. Système selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble du dossier du meuble de station assise suit le mouvement de l'utilisateur assis également au-delà de la position neutre (verticale), complètement dans la flexion des hanches, une possibilité de réglage de la pression de flexion ainsi que de la limite d'étirement étant fournie.
EP88116894A 1987-10-12 1988-10-12 Système de mouvement pour meuble de couchage, de station assise et pour se tenir en position debout Expired - Lifetime EP0311993B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3734402 1987-10-12
DE3734402 1987-10-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0311993A2 EP0311993A2 (fr) 1989-04-19
EP0311993A3 EP0311993A3 (en) 1990-01-31
EP0311993B1 true EP0311993B1 (fr) 1995-01-25

Family

ID=6338107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88116894A Expired - Lifetime EP0311993B1 (fr) 1987-10-12 1988-10-12 Système de mouvement pour meuble de couchage, de station assise et pour se tenir en position debout

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0311993B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117532T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3834723A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5606754A (en) 1989-03-09 1997-03-04 Ssi Medical Services, Inc. Vibratory patient support system
US5983429A (en) 1994-02-15 1999-11-16 Stacy; Richard B. Method and apparatus for supporting and for supplying therapy to a patient
DE19910877A1 (de) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-28 Roque Lobo Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Befindens eines sich in einem Fahrzeug-, Eisenbahn- oder Flugzeugsitz befindlichen Fahrers oder Fahrgastes
US10293718B1 (en) 2016-06-22 2019-05-21 Apple Inc. Motion control seating system

Families Citing this family (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4110703A1 (de) * 1991-04-03 1992-10-08 Peter Halsig Bewegungssystem fuer sitz-, liege-, steh- und gehmoebel oder -geraete, trainingsgeraete und koerperkorrektursysteme
FI109177B (fi) * 1995-11-09 2002-06-14 Conqueror Group Co Ltd Tuoli
DE19848074A1 (de) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-20 Gisela Schon Stuhl
DE102008047692A1 (de) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Fahrzeugsitz und Kraftfahrzeug
FR2949320B1 (fr) 2009-08-31 2012-11-16 Hill Rom Ind Sa Dispositif de basculement lateral
SE535499C2 (sv) * 2010-07-09 2012-08-28 Scania Cv Ab Metod och anordning för lägesjustering av en fordonsstol
DE102010056568A1 (de) 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Aerovitt Systembau Gmbh Mobile Sitzauflage
DE102011089192A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-20 Zimmer Medizinsysteme Gmbh Sitzvorrichtung für ein Kind und Kinderwagen
CN106726048A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 四川大学华西医院 一种脊柱弯曲变形调整凳
EP3930654B1 (fr) 2019-02-26 2023-09-20 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Appareil de positionnement de patients et matelas
CN114176351A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-03-15 张洪源 一种休闲养生两用沙发

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US3477071A (en) * 1968-10-14 1969-11-11 John H Emerson Device for automatically shifting the body of a patient
DE2420446A1 (de) * 1973-08-01 1975-11-27 Armin Dr Beck Ermuedungsfreier sitz

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5606754A (en) 1989-03-09 1997-03-04 Ssi Medical Services, Inc. Vibratory patient support system
US6098222A (en) 1989-03-09 2000-08-08 Hill-Rom Company, Inc. Vibratory patient support system
US6820640B2 (en) 1989-03-09 2004-11-23 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Vibratory patient support system
US5983429A (en) 1994-02-15 1999-11-16 Stacy; Richard B. Method and apparatus for supporting and for supplying therapy to a patient
DE19910877A1 (de) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-28 Roque Lobo Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Befindens eines sich in einem Fahrzeug-, Eisenbahn- oder Flugzeugsitz befindlichen Fahrers oder Fahrgastes
DE19910877B4 (de) * 1999-03-11 2006-01-05 Lobo, Rocque, Prof. Dr. Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Befindens einer sich in einem Sitz eines Fortbewegungsmittels befindlichen Person
US10293718B1 (en) 2016-06-22 2019-05-21 Apple Inc. Motion control seating system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0311993A2 (fr) 1989-04-19
DE3834723A1 (de) 1989-05-11
DE3852859D1 (de) 1995-03-09
ATE117532T1 (de) 1995-02-15
EP0311993A3 (en) 1990-01-31

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