EP0294729B1 - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Ventilation device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294729B1
EP0294729B1 EP88108968A EP88108968A EP0294729B1 EP 0294729 B1 EP0294729 B1 EP 0294729B1 EP 88108968 A EP88108968 A EP 88108968A EP 88108968 A EP88108968 A EP 88108968A EP 0294729 B1 EP0294729 B1 EP 0294729B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
inlet
ventilation apparatus
mixer
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88108968A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0294729A2 (en
EP0294729A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Stellamans
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Hansa Ventilatoren und Maschinenbau Neumann GmbH and Co KG
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Hansa Ventilatoren und Maschinenbau Neumann GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to AT88108968T priority Critical patent/ATE71205T1/en
Publication of EP0294729A2 publication Critical patent/EP0294729A2/en
Publication of EP0294729A3 publication Critical patent/EP0294729A3/en
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Publication of EP0294729B1 publication Critical patent/EP0294729B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/04—Air-mixing units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation device with a housing that has a suction opening for outside air and an outlet opening for the supply air in a room, and in which a fan, one or more filters, a heating device and a mixing device is provided, one with the inlet opening connected first inlet for the outside air and a second inlet for the supply of heated air and an air outlet.
  • Ventilation and air conditioning devices that have a housing with a suction opening, in which a suction grille is usually provided and through which outside air is sucked in by means of a fan, filtered by means of one or more filters, and the outside air in terms of its temperature and humidity with the aid of Heating and cooling devices as well as humidification and dehumidification devices is processed.
  • the conditioned air is discharged through an outlet opening to the room to be ventilated or air-conditioned.
  • a smooth-tube heat exchanger is provided in the entrance area, which is connected to a hot water circuit and heats the outside air entering the ventilation and ventilation device at low outside temperatures.
  • a smooth-tube heat exchanger causes additional costs for a second water circuit with appropriate control, increases the overall weight of the ventilation and ventilation unit significantly and also involves the risk of freezing if this is not prevented by the use of an equally expensive antifreeze.
  • a mixing chamber for a ventilation system of the type mentioned above which serves to make the heat of the circulating air of the room to be ventilated or conditioned usable by the outside air with the circulating air in the Mixing chamber proportionally mixed depending on the outside air temperature and as supply air to the air to be ventilated or air-conditioned Space is supplied.
  • exact control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit to protect against icing of individual units or moisture precipitation on the inside walls of the unit regardless of the required room temperature and humidity is not possible.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device of the type mentioned, the individual units of which are protected against icing and frost damage, which ensures cost-effective manufacture and operation and are associated with only a slight increase in the weight of the ventilation device, and allows precise control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit.
  • this object is achieved either by the characterizing feature of claim 1 or the characterizing feature of claim 2.
  • the solution according to the invention enables a cost-effective and effective protection of a ventilation unit against icing of the individual units or against frost formation as well as moisture precipitation inside the ventilation unit and ensures cost-effective operation.
  • Both configurations for protecting a ventilation unit against icing at low outside air temperatures are characterized by a simple construction with effective control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit depending on the outside air temperature.
  • a method for operating an air conditioning device mentioned above is characterized in that, below a predeterminable outside air temperature in the main flow direction, directly behind the suction opening, heated air is blown into the interior of the housing transversely to the main flow direction and mixed with the outside air in such a way that it is distributed over the cross section of the housing an approximately equal temperature level is reached behind the mixing zone.
  • the ventilation unit shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 has an essentially cuboid housing 1 which is provided with a suction opening 11 and an outlet opening 12.
  • a fan 2 is provided in the vicinity of the outlet opening 12 and generates a negative pressure in the housing 11 and an excess pressure at the outlet opening 12.
  • a coarse and / or fine filter 3 In the housing 1, a coarse and / or fine filter 3, a cooling device 4 with a condenser and a heating device 5 are provided, which is operated via a hydraulic circuit, which is not numbered in more detail.
  • the suction opening 11 has a suction grille or a suction hood or a Weather protection box 7, with the help of which the ingress of driving rain is prevented or reduced.
  • a connection and control device 10 is provided according to FIG. 3 for the electrical connection of the ventilation and air conditioning device and for the accommodation of corresponding control and regulation devices.
  • a bypass duct 8 branches off from the supply air duct adjoining the outlet opening 12, a bypass duct 8, through the air inlet 81 of which a partial flow Z 'of the supply air Z is branched off for the room to be air-conditioned and ventilated.
  • the bypass duct 8 opens into the underside of a mixing device 6, which is arranged directly behind the suction opening 11 or the suction grille 7.
  • the mixing device 6 is permeable to the outside air flow A running in the main flow direction, and serves to blow the part Z 'branched off from the supply air flow Z' transversely to the main flow direction into the housing 1 of the air conditioning device and to mix it with the outside air A.
  • one or more bypass flaps 64 are arranged, the position of which determines the proportion of the heated air supplied via the bypass duct 8.
  • the basic structure of the mixing device 6 is illustrated by a top view and a side view, respectively, and shows that perpendicular to the main flow direction, i.e. to the outside air flow A extending mixing tubes 65, which are connected to the second inlet side 62 and in which the heated, branched from the supply air Z air Z 'is guided.
  • This heated air is mixed over the length of the mixing tubes 65 of the outside air A drawn in perpendicularly thereto so that the air mixture has a uniform temperature over the entire cross section.
  • the ventilation unit shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 in side view, top view and end view essentially corresponds to the unit according to FIGS. 1 to 3, with the same reference numerals designating the same parts.
  • the heater 5 can be completely omitted in this device if such a heater is not required for ventilation and / or air conditioning of a room without the risk of icing or moisture penetration or frost damage inside of the ventilation unit.
  • an air injector 9 is provided, through whose air inlet opening 95 return air R from the room to be ventilated or air-conditioned by means of a Air injector 9 provided additional fan 91 is sucked in, filtered by an additional filter 93 and heated by an additional heating device 92 before it is fed via an injection channel 94 to the second inlet 62 of the mixing device 6.
  • the outside air drawn in can, if necessary, be heated independently of the supply air temperature given by the ventilation unit in such a way that icing or frost formation in the interior of the ventilation unit is avoided under all climatic conditions.
  • This device can therefore be used particularly advantageously in cases where a relatively low supply air temperature is desired, so that at low outside air temperatures the proportion of air mixed in via a bypass duct is too low to prevent the risk of icing.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 Various exemplary embodiments of the mixing device 6 are shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 and are to be explained in more detail below.
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a mixing device 6 with two rows next to one another and offset from one another by mixing tubes 65 which are surrounded by the outside air A drawn in by the first inlet side 61.
  • the heated air flowing through the mixing tubes 65 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is entrained by the outside air A over the entire cross section of the mixing device 6 and exits the mixing tubes 65 via mixing tube outlet openings 66.
  • the Mixing tube outlet openings are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference of the mixing tubes 65 or are arranged only on the side which faces the outlet 63. Instead of mixing tube outlet openings 66, it is also possible to use mixing tubes 65 which are open on one side and which are closed in a semicircle toward the first inlet 61.
  • the longitudinal section shown in FIG. 8 through the mixing device 6 along the line B-B according to FIG. 7 illustrates the arrangement of the mixing tube outlet openings 66, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are only provided on the side facing the outlet 63.
  • the mixing tube outlet openings 66 have a different diameter or a different number distributed over the length of the mixing tubes 65, so that in the lower end adjacent to the second inlet 62, outlet openings 66 with a small diameter are provided, the diameter of which extends up to the closed end of the mixing tubes 65 increase continuously or in jumps, so that in the lower mixing tube area a smaller proportion of the heated air flows out or is entrained by the outside air drawn in transversely to the direction of flow, while in the upper region of the mixing tubes 65 a larger proportion of the heated air is drawn. This ensures that sufficiently heated air is also supplied to the endangered upper area and mixed with the cold outside air drawn in.
  • the same effect can be achieved with a different number of mixing tube outlet openings 66, with the same diameter of the outlet openings 66 Number of outlet openings to the upper closed end of the mixing tubes 65 increases.
  • the size of the outlet openings and / or the number of outlet openings can increase continuously or in steps from the lower end of the mixing tubes 65 adjacent to the second inlet 62 to the upper closed end of the mixing tubes 65.
  • FIGS. 9A to 9C show a schematic cross section through a mixing device 6 with a so-called mixing flap system, which has mixing flaps 67 articulated in pairs at articulation points 68, which are bent in a part-circle or parabolic shape, so that in the position shown in FIG. 9A they open the first inlet 61 close the mixing device 6 and thus prevent the entry of outside air, while in the position shown in FIG. 9B they prevent the supply of heated air supplied via the second inlet 62.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for operating a ventilation device with a housing, which has an intake opening for outside air and an outlet opening for the air supplied to a room, and in which a fan, one or more filters and optionally a heating and/or a cooling device are arranged, under a predefinable outside air temperature, air, heated in the main flow direction directly behind the intake opening (11), is blown into the interior of the housing (1) transversely to the main flow direction and mixed with the outside air in such a manner that, after the mixing zone, an approximately uniform temperature level is achieved across the cross-section of the housing (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein raumlufttechnisches Gerät mit einem Gehäuse, das eine Ansaugöffnung für Außenluft und eine Austrittsöffnung für die Zuluft in einem Raum aufweist, und in dem ein Ventilator, ein oder mehrere Filter, eine Heizeinrichtung sowie eine Mischeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die einen mit der Ansaugöffnung verbundenen ersten Einlaß für die Außenluft und einen zweiten Einlaß für die Zufuhr erwärmter Luft und einen Luftauslaß aufweist.The invention relates to a ventilation device with a housing that has a suction opening for outside air and an outlet opening for the supply air in a room, and in which a fan, one or more filters, a heating device and a mixing device is provided, one with the inlet opening connected first inlet for the outside air and a second inlet for the supply of heated air and an air outlet.

Es sind raumlufttechnische Lüftungs- und Klimageräte bekannt, die ein Gehäuse mit einer Ansaugöffnung aufweisen, in dem üblicherweise ein Ansauggitter vorgesehen ist und über das mittels eines Ventilators Außenluft angesaugt, mittels eines oder mehrerer Filter gefiltert und die Außenluft bezüglich ihrer Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit mit Hilfe von Heiz- und Kühleinrichtungen sowie Be- und Entfeuchtungseinrichtungen aufbereitet wird. Die aufbereitete Luft wird über eine Austrittsöffnung an den zu belüftenden bzw. zu klimatisierenden Raum abgegeben.There are known ventilation and air conditioning devices that have a housing with a suction opening, in which a suction grille is usually provided and through which outside air is sucked in by means of a fan, filtered by means of one or more filters, and the outside air in terms of its temperature and humidity with the aid of Heating and cooling devices as well as humidification and dehumidification devices is processed. The conditioned air is discharged through an outlet opening to the room to be ventilated or air-conditioned.

Bei Außenlufttemperaturen um den Gefrierpunkt besteht die Gefahr, daß die vor der Heizeinrichtung befindlichen Einrichtungen wie Luftfilter und Kühleinrichtung sowie die Gehäuseinnenwand vereisen, daß sich in diesem Bereich des Gehäuses Feuchtigkeit niederschlägt oder daß der oder die Filter durchfeuchtet werden. Außerdem kann es zu Frostschäden an der Heizeinrichtung selbst kommen und es besteht die Gefahr, daß ein zum Schutz des raumlufttechnisches Gerätes vorgesehener Frostwächter das Gerät abschaltet, was wiederum zu einer Betriebsstörung oder zu einem Ausfall von Geräten führen kann, die in dem zu belüftenden und zu klimatisierenden Raum aufgestellt sind.At outside air temperatures around the freezing point, there is a risk that the devices located in front of the heating device, such as air filter and cooling device, as well as the inside wall of the housing, that moisture will precipitate in this area of the housing or that the filter or filters will become damp. In addition, there may be frost damage to the heating device itself and there is a risk that a frost guard provided to protect the ventilation device switches the device off, which in turn leads to a malfunction or to a Failure of devices that are installed in the room to be ventilated and air-conditioned.

Zum Schutz raumlufttechnischer Geräte vor einer Vereisung wird in dessen Eingangsbereich ein Glattrohr-Wärmetauscher vorgesehen, der an einen Warmwasserkreislauf angeschlossen ist und bei niedrigen Außentemperaturen für eine Erwärmung der in das raumlufttechnische Gerät eintretenden Außenluft sorgt. Ein solcher Glattrohr-Wärmetauscher verursacht jedoch zusätzliche Kosten fur einen zweiten Wasserkreislauf mit einer entsprechenden Regelung, erhöht nicht unwesentlich das Gesamtgewicht des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes und beinhaltet weiterhin die Gefahr eines Einfrierens, falls dem nicht durch den Einsatz eines ebenfalls teuren Frostschutzmittels vorgebeugt wird.To protect ventilation and air conditioning devices from icing, a smooth-tube heat exchanger is provided in the entrance area, which is connected to a hot water circuit and heats the outside air entering the ventilation and ventilation device at low outside temperatures. However, such a smooth-tube heat exchanger causes additional costs for a second water circuit with appropriate control, increases the overall weight of the ventilation and ventilation unit significantly and also involves the risk of freezing if this is not prevented by the use of an equally expensive antifreeze.

Eine andere Möglichkeit zum Schutz raumlufttechnischer Geräte vor Vereisung besteht darin, Lamellen-Wärmetauscher mit großen Lamellenabständen im Eingangsbereich des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes einzusetzen, die jedoch mit den gleichen Nachteilen behaftet sind wie die vorstehend erwähnten Glattrohr-Wärmetauscher und zusätzlich erhebliche Reinigungsprobleme mit sich bringen.Another option for protecting ventilation and air conditioning devices from icing is to use finned heat exchangers with large fin spacings in the entrance area of the ventilation and air conditioning device, which, however, have the same disadvantages as the smooth-tube heat exchangers mentioned above and also cause considerable cleaning problems.

Aus der DE-A-3 217 803 ist eine Mischkammer für eine raumlufttechnische Anlage der vorstehend genannten Art bekannt, die dazu dient, die Wärme der Umluft des zu belüftenden bzw. zu klimatisierenden Raumes nutzbar zu machen, indem die Außenluft mit der Umluft in der Mischkammer in Abhängigkeit von der Außenlufttemperatur antei-lig vermischt und als Zuluft dem zu belüftenden bzw. zu klimatisierenden Raum zugeführt wird. Eine exakte Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Temperatur im Innern des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes zum Schutz vor Vereisungen einzelner Aggregate bzw. Feuchtigkeitsniederschlag an den Innenwän-den des Gerätes unabhängig von der geforderten Raumlufttempertur und -feuchtigkeit ist damit jedoch nicht möglich.From DE-A-3 217 803 a mixing chamber for a ventilation system of the type mentioned above is known, which serves to make the heat of the circulating air of the room to be ventilated or conditioned usable by the outside air with the circulating air in the Mixing chamber proportionally mixed depending on the outside air temperature and as supply air to the air to be ventilated or air-conditioned Space is supplied. However, exact control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit to protect against icing of individual units or moisture precipitation on the inside walls of the unit regardless of the required room temperature and humidity is not possible.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein raumlufttechnisches Gerät der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, dessen einzelne Aggregate vor einer Vereisung und vor Frostschäden geschützt sind, das eine kostengünstige Herstellung und einen kostengünstigen Betrieb sicherstellt und mit einer nur geringen Gewichtszunahme des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes verbunden ist und eine genaue Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur im Innern des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device of the type mentioned, the individual units of which are protected against icing and frost damage, which ensures cost-effective manufacture and operation and are associated with only a slight increase in the weight of the ventilation device, and allows precise control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß entweder durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 oder das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved either by the characterizing feature of claim 1 or the characterizing feature of claim 2.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ermöglicht einen kostengünstigen und wirksamen Schutz eines raumlufttechnischen Gerätes vor einer Vereisung der einzelnen Aggregate bzw. vor Reifbildung sowie Feuchtigkeitsniederschlag im Innern des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes und stellt einen kostengünstigen Betrieb sicher. Beide Ausgestaltungen zum Schutz eines raumlufttechnischen Gerätes vor einer Vereisung bei niedrigen Außenlufttemperaturen zeichnen sich durch eine einfache Konstruktion bei wirksamer Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Temperatur im Innern des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes in Abhängigkeit von ?der Außenlufttemperatur aus.The solution according to the invention enables a cost-effective and effective protection of a ventilation unit against icing of the individual units or against frost formation as well as moisture precipitation inside the ventilation unit and ensures cost-effective operation. Both configurations for protecting a ventilation unit against icing at low outside air temperatures are characterized by a simple construction with effective control or regulation of the temperature inside the ventilation unit depending on the outside air temperature.

Ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines vorstehend genannten raumlufttechnischen Gerätes ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb einer vorgebbaren Außenlufttemperatur in Hauptströmungsrichtung unmittelbar hinter der Ansaugöffnung erwärmte Luft quer zur Hauptströmungsrichtung in den Innenraum des Gehäuses eingeblasen und mit der Außenluft so vermischt wird, daß über den Querschnitt des Gehäuses verteilt hinter der Mischzone ein angenähert gleiches Temperaturniveau erreicht wird.A method for operating an air conditioning device mentioned above is characterized in that, below a predeterminable outside air temperature in the main flow direction, directly behind the suction opening, heated air is blown into the interior of the housing transversely to the main flow direction and mixed with the outside air in such a way that it is distributed over the cross section of the housing an approximately equal temperature level is reached behind the mixing zone.

Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles soll der der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Gedanke näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein raumlufttechnisches Gerät mit einer Mischeinrichtung und einem Bypasskanal;
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf das raumlufttechnische Gerät gemäß Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 eine Stirnseitenansicht des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes gemäß Figur 2 von der Seite der Ansaugöffnung;
  • Figur 4 einen Längsschnitt durch ein raumlufttechnisches Gerät mit einem Injektor;
  • Figur 5 eine Draufsicht auf das raumlufttechnische Gerät gemäß Figur 4;
  • Figur 6 eine Stirnseitenansicht des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes gemäß Figur 2 von der Seite der Ansaugöffnung;
  • Figur 7 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Mischeinrichtung mit Mischröhren;
  • Figur 8 einen Querschnitt durch eine Mischeinrichtung mit versetzt angeordneten Mischröhren und
  • Figur 9 einen Querschnitt durch eine Mischeinrichtung mit in verschiedenen Stellungen dargestellten Mischklappen.
The idea on which the invention is based will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ventilation unit with a mixing device and a bypass duct;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the ventilation device according to Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an end view of the ventilation unit according to Figure 2 from the side of the suction opening;
  • Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through a ventilation unit with an injector;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the ventilation device according to Figure 4;
  • FIG. 6 shows an end view of the ventilation device according to FIG. 2 from the side of the suction opening;
  • FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a mixing device with mixing tubes;
  • Figure 8 shows a cross section through a mixing device with staggered mixing tubes and
  • Figure 9 shows a cross section through a mixing device with mixing flaps shown in different positions.

Das in Figur 1 im Längsschnitt dargestellte raumlufttechnische Gerät weist ein im wesentlichen quaderförmiges Gehäuse 1 auf, das mit einer Ansaugöffnung 11 und einer Austrittsöffnung 12 versehen ist. In der Nähe der Austrittsöffnung 12 ist ein Ventilator 2 vorgesehen, der in dem Gehäuse 11 einen Unterdruck und an der Austrittsöffnung 12 einen Überdruck erzeugt.The ventilation unit shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 has an essentially cuboid housing 1 which is provided with a suction opening 11 and an outlet opening 12. A fan 2 is provided in the vicinity of the outlet opening 12 and generates a negative pressure in the housing 11 and an excess pressure at the outlet opening 12.

In dem Gehäuse 1 ist ein Grob- und/oder Feinfilter 3, eine Kühleinrichtung 4 mit Kondensator und eine Heizeinrichtung 5 vorgesehen, die über eine nicht näher bezifferte hydraulische Schaltung betrieben wird. Die Ansaugöffnung 11 weist ein Ansauggitter bzw. eine Ansaughaube oder einen Wetterschutzkasten 7 auf, mit deren bzw. dessen Hilfe das Eindringen von Schlagregen verhindert bzw. verringert wird. Neben der Ansaugöffnung 11 ist gemäß Figur 3 eine Anschluß- und Regeleinrichtung 10 für den elektrischen Anschluß des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes und für die Unterbringung entsprechender Steuer-und Regeleinrichtungen vorgesehen.In the housing 1, a coarse and / or fine filter 3, a cooling device 4 with a condenser and a heating device 5 are provided, which is operated via a hydraulic circuit, which is not numbered in more detail. The suction opening 11 has a suction grille or a suction hood or a Weather protection box 7, with the help of which the ingress of driving rain is prevented or reduced. In addition to the suction opening 11, a connection and control device 10 is provided according to FIG. 3 for the electrical connection of the ventilation and air conditioning device and for the accommodation of corresponding control and regulation devices.

Erfindungsgemäß zweigt von dem an die Austrittsöffnung 12 anschließenden Zuluftkanal ein Bypasskanal 8 ab, durch dessen Lufteinlaß 81 ein Teilstrom Z′ der Zuluft Z für den zu klimatisierenden und belüftenden Raum abgezweigt wird. Der Bypasskanal 8 mündet in die Unterseite einer Mischeinrichtung 6, die unmittelbar hinter der Ansaugöffnung 11 bzw. dem Ansauggitter 7 angeordnet ist. Die Mischeinrichtung 6 ist durchlässig für den in Hauptstromrichtung verlaufenden Außenluftstrom A, und dient dazu, den vom Zuluftstrom Z abgezweigten Teil Z′ quer zur Hauptstromrichtung in das Gehäuse 1 des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes einzublasen und mit der Außenluft A zu vermischen.According to the invention branches off from the supply air duct adjoining the outlet opening 12, a bypass duct 8, through the air inlet 81 of which a partial flow Z 'of the supply air Z is branched off for the room to be air-conditioned and ventilated. The bypass duct 8 opens into the underside of a mixing device 6, which is arranged directly behind the suction opening 11 or the suction grille 7. The mixing device 6 is permeable to the outside air flow A running in the main flow direction, and serves to blow the part Z 'branched off from the supply air flow Z' transversely to the main flow direction into the housing 1 of the air conditioning device and to mix it with the outside air A.

Im Eingangsbereich der Mischeinrichtung 6 bzw. am Ende des Bypasskanals 8 sind eine oder mehrere Bypassklappen 64 angeordnet, deren Stellung den Anteil der über den Bypasskanal 8 zugeführten erwärmten Luft bestimmt. Mit Hilfe dieses gesteuerten Bypasssystems wird eine Möglichkeit geschaffen, die über die erste Einlaßseite 61 der Mischeinrichtung 6 in das raumlufttechnische Gerät angesaugte Außenluft bei Bedarf mittels der über die zweite Einlaßöffnung 62 zugeführten erwärmten Luft so zu erwärmen, daß über den gesamten Querschnitt des Innenraums des Gehäuses 1 eine solche Temperatur auch vor der Heizeinrichtung 5 herrscht, daß Vereisungen, Durchfeuchtungen oder Frostschäden vermieden werden.In the input area of the mixing device 6 or at the end of the bypass duct 8, one or more bypass flaps 64 are arranged, the position of which determines the proportion of the heated air supplied via the bypass duct 8. With the help of this controlled bypass system, a possibility is created to heat the outside air sucked into the ventilation device via the first inlet side 61 of the mixing device 6, if necessary, by means of the heated air supplied via the second inlet opening 62, so that over the entire cross section of the interior of the housing 1 such a temperature also prevails in front of the heating device 5 that icing, moisture penetration or frost damage are avoided.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 wird durch eine Draufsicht bzw. Seitenansicht der prinzipielle Aufbau der Mischeinrichtung 6 verdeutlich und zeigt die senkrecht zur Hauptströmungsrichtung, d.h. zur Außenluftströmung A verlaufenden Mischröhren 65, die mit der zweiten Einlaßseite 62 verbunden sind und in denen die erwärmte, von der Zuluft Z abgezweigte Luft Z′ geführt wird. Diese erwärmte Luft wird über die Länge der Mischröhren 65 der senkrecht dazu angesaugten Außenluft A so beigemischt, daß die Luftmischung über den gesamten Querschnitt eine gleichmäßige Temperatur aufweist.In Figures 2 and 3, the basic structure of the mixing device 6 is illustrated by a top view and a side view, respectively, and shows that perpendicular to the main flow direction, i.e. to the outside air flow A extending mixing tubes 65, which are connected to the second inlet side 62 and in which the heated, branched from the supply air Z air Z 'is guided. This heated air is mixed over the length of the mixing tubes 65 of the outside air A drawn in perpendicularly thereto so that the air mixture has a uniform temperature over the entire cross section.

Das in den Figuren 4 bis 6 in Seitenansicht, Draufsicht und Stirnseitenansicht dargestellte raumlufttechnische Gerät entspricht im wesentlichen dem Gerät gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3, wobei gleiche Bezugsziffern gleiche Teile bezeichnen. Im Unterschied zum raumlufttechnischen Gerät gemäß Figur 1 kann jedoch bei diesem Gerät die Heizeinrichtung 5 vollkommen entfallen, falls eine solche Heizeinrichtung für die Belüftung und/oder Klimatisierung eines Raumes nicht erforderlich ist, ohne daß die Gefahr eines Vereisens bzw. Durchfeuchtens oder von Frostschäden im Innern des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes besteht.The ventilation unit shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 in side view, top view and end view essentially corresponds to the unit according to FIGS. 1 to 3, with the same reference numerals designating the same parts. In contrast to the ventilation device according to Figure 1, however, the heater 5 can be completely omitted in this device if such a heater is not required for ventilation and / or air conditioning of a room without the risk of icing or moisture penetration or frost damage inside of the ventilation unit.

Zu diesem Zweck ist ein Luftinjektor 9 vorgesehen, über dessen Lufteintrittsöffnung 95 Rückluft R aus dem zu belüftenden bzw. klimatisierenden Raum mittels eines im Luftinjektor 9 vorgesehenen Zusatzventilators 91 angesaugt, mittels eines Zusatzfilters 93 gefiltert und mittels einer Zusatz-Heizeinrichtung 92 erwärmt wird, bevor sie über einen Injektionskanal 94 dem zweiten Einlaß 62 der Mischeinrichtung 6 zugeführt wird.For this purpose, an air injector 9 is provided, through whose air inlet opening 95 return air R from the room to be ventilated or air-conditioned by means of a Air injector 9 provided additional fan 91 is sucked in, filtered by an additional filter 93 and heated by an additional heating device 92 before it is fed via an injection channel 94 to the second inlet 62 of the mixing device 6.

Mit Hilfe dieses gesteuerten Injektorsystems kann die angesaugte Außenluft bei Bedarf unabhängig von der vom raumlufttechnischen Gerät abgegebenen Zulufttemperatur so erwärmt werden, daß unter allen klimatischen Bedingungen ein Vereisen bzw. eine Reifbildung im Innenraum des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes vermieden wird. Dieses Gerät ist daher besonders vorteilhaft in solchen Fällen einsetzbar, wo eine verhältnismäßig niedrige Zulufttemperatur erwünscht ist, so daß bei niedrigen Außenlufttemperaturen der Anteil der über einen Bypasskanal zugemischten Luft zu gering ist, um die Vereisungsgefahr zu bannen.With the help of this controlled injector system, the outside air drawn in can, if necessary, be heated independently of the supply air temperature given by the ventilation unit in such a way that icing or frost formation in the interior of the ventilation unit is avoided under all climatic conditions. This device can therefore be used particularly advantageously in cases where a relatively low supply air temperature is desired, so that at low outside air temperatures the proportion of air mixed in via a bypass duct is too low to prevent the risk of icing.

In den Figuren 7 bis 9 sind verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele der Mischeinrichtung 6 dargestellt und sollen nachstehend näher erläutert werden.Various exemplary embodiments of the mixing device 6 are shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 and are to be explained in more detail below.

Figur 7 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine Mischeinrichtung 6 mit zwei Reihen nebeneinander und versetzt hintereinander angeordneten Mischröhren 65, die von der von der ersten Einlaßseite 61 angesaugten Außenluft A umflossen werden. Die senkrecht zur Zeichenebene durch die Mischröhren 65 strömende, erwärmte Luft wird über den gesamten Querschnitt der Mischeinrichtung 6 von der Außenluft A mitgerissen und tritt über Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen 66 aus den Mischröhren 65 aus. Dabei können die Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen gleichmäßig am Umfang der Mischröhren 65 verteilt angeordnet oder nur auf der Seite angeordnet werden, die dem Auslaß 63 zugewandt ist. Anstelle von Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen 66 können auch halbseitig geöffnete Mischröhren 65 verwendet werden, die halbkreisförmig zum ersten Einlaß 61 hin geschlossen sind.FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a mixing device 6 with two rows next to one another and offset from one another by mixing tubes 65 which are surrounded by the outside air A drawn in by the first inlet side 61. The heated air flowing through the mixing tubes 65 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is entrained by the outside air A over the entire cross section of the mixing device 6 and exits the mixing tubes 65 via mixing tube outlet openings 66. The Mixing tube outlet openings are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference of the mixing tubes 65 or are arranged only on the side which faces the outlet 63. Instead of mixing tube outlet openings 66, it is also possible to use mixing tubes 65 which are open on one side and which are closed in a semicircle toward the first inlet 61.

Der in Figur 8 dargestellte Längsschnitt durch die Mischeinrichtung 6 entlang der Linie B-B gemäß Figur 7 verdeutlicht die Anordnung der Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen 66, die in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nur auf der dem Auslaß 63 zugewandten Seite vorgesehen sind. Vorteilhafterweise weisen die Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen 66 über die Länge der Mischröhren 65 verteilt einen unterschiedlichen Durchmesser oder eine unterschiedliche Anzahl auf, so daß im unteren, dem zweiten Einlaß 62 benachbarten Ende Austrittsöffnungen 66 mit geringem Durchmesser vorgesehen sind, deren Durchmesser bis zum geschlossenen Ende der Mischröhren 65 kontinuierlich oder in Sprüngen zunehmen, so daß im unteren Mischröhrenbereich ein geringerer Anteil der zugeführten erwärmten Luft ausströmt bzw. von der quer zur Strömungsrichtung eingesaugten Außenluft mitgerissen wird, während im oberen Bereich der Mischröhren 65 ein größerer Luftanteil der erwärmten Luft mitgezogen wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß auch dem gefährdeten oberen Bereich ausreichend erwärmte Luft zugeführt und mit der eingesaugten kalten Außenluft vermischt wird.The longitudinal section shown in FIG. 8 through the mixing device 6 along the line B-B according to FIG. 7 illustrates the arrangement of the mixing tube outlet openings 66, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are only provided on the side facing the outlet 63. Advantageously, the mixing tube outlet openings 66 have a different diameter or a different number distributed over the length of the mixing tubes 65, so that in the lower end adjacent to the second inlet 62, outlet openings 66 with a small diameter are provided, the diameter of which extends up to the closed end of the mixing tubes 65 increase continuously or in jumps, so that in the lower mixing tube area a smaller proportion of the heated air flows out or is entrained by the outside air drawn in transversely to the direction of flow, while in the upper region of the mixing tubes 65 a larger proportion of the heated air is drawn. This ensures that sufficiently heated air is also supplied to the endangered upper area and mixed with the cold outside air drawn in.

Der gleiche Effekt kann mit einer unterschiedlicher Anzahl von Mischröhren-Austrittsöffnungen 66 erreicht werden, wobei mit gleichem Durchmesser der Austrittsöffnungen 66 die Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen zum oberen geschlossen Ende der Mischröhren 65 hin zunimmt. Die Größe der Austrittsöffnungen und/oder die Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen kann dabei vom unteren, dem zweiten Einlaß 62 benachbarten Ende der Mischröhren 65 bis zum oberen geschlossenen Ende der Mischröhren 65 hin kontinuierlich oder in Stufen zunehmen.The same effect can be achieved with a different number of mixing tube outlet openings 66, with the same diameter of the outlet openings 66 Number of outlet openings to the upper closed end of the mixing tubes 65 increases. The size of the outlet openings and / or the number of outlet openings can increase continuously or in steps from the lower end of the mixing tubes 65 adjacent to the second inlet 62 to the upper closed end of the mixing tubes 65.

In den Figuren 9A bis 9C ist ein schematischer Querschnitt durch eine Mischeinrichtung 6 mit einem sogenannten Mischklappensystem dargestellt, das paarweise an Anlenkpunkten 68 angelenkte Mischklappen 67 aufweist, die teilkreisoder parabelförmig gebogen sind, so daß sie in der in Figur 9A dargestellten Stellung den ersten Einlaß 61 der Mischeinrichtung 6 verschließen und somit den Eintritt von Außenluft verhindern, während sie in der in Figur 9B dargestellten Stellung die Zufuhr von erwärmter, über den zweiten Einlaß 62 zugeführter Luft unterbinden.FIGS. 9A to 9C show a schematic cross section through a mixing device 6 with a so-called mixing flap system, which has mixing flaps 67 articulated in pairs at articulation points 68, which are bent in a part-circle or parabolic shape, so that in the position shown in FIG. 9A they open the first inlet 61 close the mixing device 6 and thus prevent the entry of outside air, while in the position shown in FIG. 9B they prevent the supply of heated air supplied via the second inlet 62.

In der in Figur 9C dargestellten Stellung wird ein bestimmter Anteil erwärmter Luft der quer zur Strömungsrichtung der erwärmten Luft angesaugten Außenluft A beigemischt, wobei der beigemischte Anteil den jeweiligen Außenlufttemperaturen entspricht und durch die Klappensteuerung so eingestellt wird, daß im Innern des Gehäuses 1 des raumlufttechnischen Gerätes eine ausreichende Temperatur herrscht, bei der eine Vereisung bzw. Reifbildung oder ein Durchfeuchten einzelner Aggregate sicher verhindert wird.In the position shown in FIG. 9C, a certain proportion of heated air is admixed to the outside air A drawn in transversely to the flow direction of the heated air, the admixed proportion corresponding to the respective outside air temperatures and being adjusted by the flap control so that inside the housing 1 of the air conditioning device there is a sufficient temperature at which icing or frosting or moistening of individual units is reliably prevented.

Neben den in den Figuren 7 bis 9 dargestellten Mischeinrichtungen sind selbstverständlich auch andere, den gleichen Zweck erfüllende Einrichtungen verwendbar.In addition to the mixing devices shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, other devices that serve the same purpose can of course also be used.

Claims (13)

  1. A ventilation apparatus having a housing (1) which has a suction port (11) for external air and an exit port (12) for the supply air in a room, and in which a fan (2), one or more filters (3), a heating means (5) and a mixing means (6) is provided which has a first inlet (61) for the external air which is connected to the suction port (11) and a second inlet (62) for supplying heated air and an air outlet,
    characterised in that
    a bypass channel (8) branches off into the chamber from the exit port (12) for the supply air, which channel is connected to the second inlet (62) of the mixing means (6).
  2. A ventilation apparatus having a housing (1) which has a suction port (11) for external air and an exit port (12) for the supply air in a room, and in which a fan (2), one or more filters (3), a heating means (5) and a mixing means (6) is provided which has a first inlet (61) for the external air which is connected to the suction port (11) and a second inlet (62) for supplying heated air and an air outlet,
    characterised in that
    the second inlet (62) is connected to the outlet of an air injector (9) which has an additional fan (91), an additional heating means (92) and optionally an additional filter (93), draws the return air from the room and passes the return air heated in the additional heating means (92) to the second inlet (62) of the mixing means (6).
  3. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second inlet (62) has an adjustable bypass flap (64).
  4. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the air inlet (81) of the bypass channel (8) has an adjustable bypass flap.
  5. A ventilation apparatus according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the mixing means (6) has a plurality of mixer tubes (65) arranged adjacent to one another in the main direction of flow and provided with one or more mixer tube exit ports (66), which tubes are connected to the second inlet (62) of the mixing means (6) and are interspersed in the stream of external air.
  6. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that the mixer tube exit ports (66) are provided on the side facing the main stream outlet (63).
  7. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that the mixer tube exit ports (66) are distributed regularly over the circumference of the mixer tubes (65).
  8. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the mixer tubes (65) are closed at their ends opposite the second inlet (62) and that the number and/or size of the mixer tube exit ports (66) increases from the end of the mixer tubes (65) connected to the second inlet (62) towards the closed end.
  9. A ventilation apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the mixing means (6) in the main direction of flow has a plurality of adjacent, bent mixer flaps (67) which are connected together in pairs and are articulated on the side associated with the suction port (11) and that the mixer flaps (67) are adjustable infinitely or in stages.
  10. A ventilation apparatus according to Claim 5 or 9, characterised in that the mixer tubes (65) or bent mixer flaps (67) are arranged next to one another and offset behind one another in the main direction of flow.
  11. A method for operating a ventilation apparatus according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that, below an external air temperature which can be preset, in the main direction of flow directly behind the suction port (11) heated air is blown into the interior of the housing (1) at right-angles to the main direction of flow and is mixed with the external air so that an approximately equal temperature level is achieved behind the mixing zone, distributed over the cross-section of the housing (1).
  12. A method according to Claim 11, characterised in that the heated air is branched off from the supply air emerging from the ventilation apparatus and the quantity of the heated air blown into the mixing zone is controlled automatically as a function of the external air temperature.
  13. A method according to Claim 11, characterised in that return air from the room is drawn in and is blown into the mixing zone, additionally heated as a function of the external air temperature.
EP88108968A 1987-06-08 1988-06-04 Ventilation device Expired - Lifetime EP0294729B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88108968T ATE71205T1 (en) 1987-06-08 1988-06-04 AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873719391 DE3719391A1 (en) 1987-06-08 1987-06-08 VENTILATION TECHNICAL DEVICE
DE3719391 1987-06-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294729A2 EP0294729A2 (en) 1988-12-14
EP0294729A3 EP0294729A3 (en) 1990-05-09
EP0294729B1 true EP0294729B1 (en) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=6329434

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88108968A Expired - Lifetime EP0294729B1 (en) 1987-06-08 1988-06-04 Ventilation device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0294729B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE71205T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3719391A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0387362A1 (en) * 1989-03-12 1990-09-19 Ventilplafon S.A. Air conditioning system for rooms
DE19532033A1 (en) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-06 Schako Metallwarenfabrik System for ventilating and air-conditioning room
NL2000989C2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-12 Altena Services B V Air treating apparatus, has recording area adjacent to inlet for enriching air with additive, and turbulence generating stimulants positioned near inlet to swirl air flowing through housing
KR100924225B1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-11-02 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 Boarding Bridge with Air Conditiontioner Facility

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH310453A (en) * 1952-07-11 1955-10-31 Gustavsbergs Fabriker Ab Ventilation device.
US3386366A (en) * 1966-08-17 1968-06-04 Economides Leander Air mixing device
FR2109052A5 (en) * 1970-07-07 1972-05-26 Alsthom
SE350829B (en) * 1971-03-18 1972-11-06 Bahco Ventilation Ab
SU688786A2 (en) * 1978-04-05 1979-09-30 Voevodin Yurij A Heated and cool air mixing apparatus
DE2844046C2 (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-11-26 Kessler & Luch Gmbh, 6300 Giessen Mixing chamber for air conditioning systems
DE3217803C2 (en) * 1982-05-12 1986-09-11 Turbon-Tunzini Klimatechnik GmbH, 5060 Bergisch Gladbach Installation part for a mixing chamber of a ventilation and air conditioning system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3867322D1 (en) 1992-02-13
ATE71205T1 (en) 1992-01-15
EP0294729A2 (en) 1988-12-14
EP0294729A3 (en) 1990-05-09
DE3719391A1 (en) 1988-12-29

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