EP0218067B1 - Triple base propellant powder and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Triple base propellant powder and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0218067B1 EP0218067B1 EP86111683A EP86111683A EP0218067B1 EP 0218067 B1 EP0218067 B1 EP 0218067B1 EP 86111683 A EP86111683 A EP 86111683A EP 86111683 A EP86111683 A EP 86111683A EP 0218067 B1 EP0218067 B1 EP 0218067B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propellant
- solvent
- zirconate
- organic
- propellant powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 acetone Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004697 chelate complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/006—Stabilisers (e.g. thermal stabilisers)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
- C06B25/24—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine
- C06B25/26—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a three-base propellant charge powder consisting of nitrocellulose (NC), nitroglycerin (NGL) or an equivalent explosive oil and crystalline nitroguanidine (NIGU), which by mixing together, plasticizing the NC with a solvent, e.g. Acetone, as well as by kneading the mixture into solid propellant bodies and containing an organic titanate or zirconate.
- a solvent e.g. Acetone
- Triple-base propellant powder has the advantage of high performance with low pipe erosion compared to single- and double-base propellant powders, properties that are primarily due to the content of nitroguanidine. This can range from 5% to over 50%, with the types M30, M31, NQ and MNF being mentioned as examples for the range between 45 and 53%.
- These propellant powders are processed either discontinuously in kneaders or continuously in extruders to give shaped articles, in the latter case to form propellant strands, which are then cut into bodies from which propellant charges are then put together.
- the plasticization and thus the formability is primarily determined by the content of nitrocellulose, which is caused by the solvent, e.g. Acetone, gets a gel structure and integrates the other components.
- the mechanical strength in particular the brittleness, is significantly influenced by the nitroguanidine mixed in in crystalline form. This has shown an increased tendency to embrittlement, especially at low temperatures, even at normal application temperatures down to minus 40 ° C.
- the cold embrittlement results in a very unfavorable internal ballistic when bombarding such propellant charge powders, especially those with a high NIGU content, which extends to the point where the powder is unusable.
- the object of the invention is to improve the embrittlement behavior of three-base propellant charge powders, in particular to reduce or exclude cold embrittlement.
- This object is achieved in the case of a three-base propellant charge powder of the structure described at the outset in that the mixture comprises at least one organic titanate from the group consisting of the monoalkoxy, chelate, quat (quaternary), neoalkoxy, cycloheteroatom or coordinated titanates and / or at least contains an organic zirconate from the group of neoalkoxy zirconates with a proportion ⁇ 2% in dispersed form.
- the reason for the improvement of the cold embrittlement may be the fact that the titanates and zirconates are responsible for a better adhesion between the plasticized parts and the NIGU crystals and thereby the structure, possibly also the adhesion between the crystals, becomes more stable.
- the use of heavy metal chelate complexes and among them also a titanium chelate complex is known for single- and multi-base propellant charge powders (DE-A-3 150 290), this is intended to improve the bulk behavior, in particular to increase the bulk density.
- the propellant charge powder is provided with a surface coating made of the heavy metal chelate complex, which is applied, for example, by spraying. This coating reduces particle friction and thus improves the flow behavior.
- other properties of the chelate complexes are used by a different type of processing.
- three-base propellant charge powders are produced essentially by two methods.
- alcohol-moist NC, desensitized NGL or the explosive oil with the same effect, crystalline NIGU and a solvent, for example acetone are applied to a batch kneader, homogenized and plasticized, and if necessary the plasticized mass is temporarily stored. This mass is then formed into propellant strands and then cut or granulated into bodies.
- this method is now modified in such a way that the organic titanate and / or zirconate is used directly or in a mixture with the solution is added to the kneading batch. Since the organic titanates and zirconates are liquids, they can easily be mixed homogeneously with the other constituents or added in a premix with the solvent.
- the aforementioned components are placed on an extruder and continuously formed into propellant powder strands.
- This method can also be used to produce propellant charge powders constructed in accordance with the invention in that the organic titanate and / or zirconate is applied to the extruder directly or in a mixture with the solvent or in a mixture with this and the NGL or the explosive oil having the same effect.
- the improvement in cold embrittlement of the propellant charge powders assembled and produced according to the invention was determined by loading cylindrical test specimens in the axial direction and transversely thereto by means of a defined drop weight with a defined impact speed similar to the drop hammer test for measuring the mechanical inflammation behavior.
- the propellant charge bodies were loaded at plus 21 ° C and minus 40 ° C with a drop weight of 1 kg at a drop height of 0.2 to 0.5 m.
- Propellant powder bodies with 7-hole geometry were examined (diameter of the bodies 8.6 mm and length 19.8 mm or diameter 8.0 mm and length 19.0 mm. Weight of the individual bodies 1.30 g to 1, 45 g).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein dreibasiges Treibladungspulver, bestehend aus Nitrozellulose (NC), Nitroglyzerin (NGL) oder einem gleichwirkenden Sprengöl und kristallinem Nitroguanidin (NIGU), die durch Mischen miteinander, Plastifizieren der NC mittels eines Lösungsmittels, z.B. Aceton, sowie durch Kneten der Mischung zu festen Treibladungskörpern verarbeitet werden und ein organisches Titanat oder Zirkonat enthalten.The invention relates to a three-base propellant charge powder consisting of nitrocellulose (NC), nitroglycerin (NGL) or an equivalent explosive oil and crystalline nitroguanidine (NIGU), which by mixing together, plasticizing the NC with a solvent, e.g. Acetone, as well as by kneading the mixture into solid propellant bodies and containing an organic titanate or zirconate.
Dreibasiges Treibladungspulver hat gegenüber ein- und zweibasigen Treibladungspulvern den Vorteil hoher Leistung bei geringer Rohrerosion, Eigenschaften, die vor allem auf den Gehalt an Nitroguanidin zurückzuführen sind. Dieser kann von 5% bis über 50% erreichen, wobei für den Bereich zwischen 45 und 53% beispielhaft die Typen M30, M31, NQ und MNF genannt seien. Diese Treibladungspulver werden entweder diskontinuierlich in Knetern oder kontinuierlich in Extrudern zu Formkörpern, im letztgenannten Fall zu Treibladungssträngen, verarbeitet, diese dann zu Körpern geschnitten, aus denen dann Treibladungen zusammengestellt werden. Die Plastifizierung und damit die Formbarkeit wird in erster Linie durch den Gehalt an Nitrozellulose bestimmt, die durch das Lösungsmittel, z.B. Aceton, eine Gelstruktur erhält und die anderen Komponenten einbindet.Triple-base propellant powder has the advantage of high performance with low pipe erosion compared to single- and double-base propellant powders, properties that are primarily due to the content of nitroguanidine. This can range from 5% to over 50%, with the types M30, M31, NQ and MNF being mentioned as examples for the range between 45 and 53%. These propellant powders are processed either discontinuously in kneaders or continuously in extruders to give shaped articles, in the latter case to form propellant strands, which are then cut into bodies from which propellant charges are then put together. The plasticization and thus the formability is primarily determined by the content of nitrocellulose, which is caused by the solvent, e.g. Acetone, gets a gel structure and integrates the other components.
Die mechanische Festigkeit, insbesondere das Sprödheitsverhalten wird maßgeblich von dem in kristalliner Form eingemischten Nitroguanidin beeinflußt. Dabei hat sich insbesondere bei tiefen Temperaturen eine erhöhte Neigung zur Kaltversprödung gezeigt, und zwar auch bei üblichen Anwendungstemperaturen bis minus 40°C.The mechanical strength, in particular the brittleness, is significantly influenced by the nitroguanidine mixed in in crystalline form. This has shown an increased tendency to embrittlement, especially at low temperatures, even at normal application temperatures down to minus 40 ° C.
Durch die Kaltversprödung ergibt sich beim Beschuß solcher Treibladungspulver, insbesondere solcher mit hohem NIGU-Anteil, eine sehr ungünstige Innenballistik, die bis zur Unbrauchbarkeit des Pulvers reicht.The cold embrittlement results in a very unfavorable internal ballistic when bombarding such propellant charge powders, especially those with a high NIGU content, which extends to the point where the powder is unusable.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Versprödungsverhalten von dreibasigen Treibladungspulvern zu verbessern, insbesondere die Kaltversprödung zu reduzieren bzw. auszuschließen. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem dreibasigen Treibladungspulver des eingangs geschilderten Aufbaus dadurch gelöst, daß die Mischung wenigstens ein organisches Titanat aus der Gruppe der Monoalkoxy-, Chelat-, Quat- (quartäre), Neoalkoxy-, Cycloheteroatom- oder der koordinierten Titanate und/oder wenigstens ein organisches Zirkonat aus der Gruppe der Neoalkoxy-Zirkonate mit einem Anteil ≤ 2% in dispergierter Form enthält.The object of the invention is to improve the embrittlement behavior of three-base propellant charge powders, in particular to reduce or exclude cold embrittlement. This object is achieved in the case of a three-base propellant charge powder of the structure described at the outset in that the mixture comprises at least one organic titanate from the group consisting of the monoalkoxy, chelate, quat (quaternary), neoalkoxy, cycloheteroatom or coordinated titanates and / or at least contains an organic zirconate from the group of neoalkoxy zirconates with a proportion ≤ 2% in dispersed form.
Praktische Untersuchungen an dreibasigen Treibladungspulvern des vorgenannten Aufbaus haben gezeigt, daß die Kaltversprödung bei Temperaturen bis minus 40°C völlig unterbunden werden kann und insbesondere bessere Eigenschaften erzielt werden, als sie beispielsweise durch Optimierung der Kristallform und Kristallgröße des Nitroguanidins oder auch beispielsweise durch Anlösen der NIGU-Kristalle erreicht werden können. Parallelversuche an Treibladungspulvern, deren Kaltversprödung durch Zugabe von Polymeren zu verbessern versucht wurde, führten dazu, daß gleiche Ergebnisse in der Kaltversprödung erst dann erreicht werden können, wenn das Polymer mit einem Anteil von ca. 5% zugesetzt wurde. Dabei ergeben sich aber schon bei einem Einsatz an Polymer von mehr als 2% negative Änderungen im Abbrandverhalten, die bei einem Äquivalent in der Kaltversprödung von 5% sogar zur Unbrauchbarkeit solcher polymergebundener, dreibasiger Treibladungspulver führen. Hingegen wird durch den erfindungsgemäßen Zusatz an organischen Titanaten oder Zirkonaten das Abbrandverhalten nicht verschlechtert und die Leistung gegenüber den «reinen» dreibasigen Treibladungspulvern beibehalten. Auch die chemische Stabilität des Treibladungspulvers wird in keiner Weise beeinträchtigt. Außerdem hat sich eine positive Nebenwirkung gezeigt, indem die Erosionswirkung auf die Waffe verringert wird, was auf Titanoxid-Ablagerungen beim Abbrand zurückzuführen ist. Ursache für die Verbesserung der Kaltversprödung dürfte die Tatsache sein, daß die Titanate und Zirkonate für eine bessere Haftung zwischen den plastifizierten Anteilen und den NIGU-Kristallen verantwortlich sind und dadurch die Struktur, gegebenenfalls auch die Haftung zwischen den Kristallen stabiler wird.Practical studies on three-base propellant powders of the abovementioned structure have shown that cold embrittlement can be completely prevented at temperatures down to minus 40 ° C. and in particular better properties are achieved than they can be achieved, for example, by optimizing the crystal shape and crystal size of the nitroguanidine or, for example, by dissolving the NIGU -Crystals can be achieved. Parallel experiments on propellant charge powders, the cold embrittlement of which was attempted to be improved by adding polymers, meant that the same results in the cold embrittlement can only be achieved when the polymer has been added in a proportion of approximately 5%. However, when using polymer of more than 2%, there are negative changes in the combustion behavior which, with an equivalent in cold embrittlement of 5%, even lead to the uselessness of such polymer-bound, three-base propellant charge powders. On the other hand, the addition of organic titanates or zirconates according to the invention does not impair the erosion behavior and maintains the performance compared to the “pure” three-base propellant charge powders. The chemical stability of the propellant powder is not affected in any way. In addition, a positive side effect has been shown by reducing the erosion effect on the weapon, which is due to titanium oxide deposits during the burnup. The reason for the improvement of the cold embrittlement may be the fact that the titanates and zirconates are responsible for a better adhesion between the plasticized parts and the NIGU crystals and thereby the structure, possibly also the adhesion between the crystals, becomes more stable.
Es ist zwar bei ein- und mehrbasigen Treibladungspulvern die Verwendung von Schwermetall-Chelatkomplexen und darunter auch eines Titan-Chelatkomplexes bekannt (DE-A-3 150 290), doch soll hiermit das Schüttverhalten verbessert, insbesondere die Schüttdichte vergrößert werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird das Treibladungspulver mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung aus dem Schwermetall-Chelatkomplex versehen, die beispielsweise durch Sprühen aufgebracht wird. Durch diese Beschichtung wird die Partikelreibung reduziert und damit das Rieselverhalten verbessert. Hier werden also andere Eigenschaften der Chelatkomplexe durch eine andere Art der Verarbeitung genutzt.Although the use of heavy metal chelate complexes and among them also a titanium chelate complex is known for single- and multi-base propellant charge powders (DE-A-3 150 290), this is intended to improve the bulk behavior, in particular to increase the bulk density. For this purpose, the propellant charge powder is provided with a surface coating made of the heavy metal chelate complex, which is applied, for example, by spraying. This coating reduces particle friction and thus improves the flow behavior. Here, other properties of the chelate complexes are used by a different type of processing.
Eine nennenswerte und in den meisten Fällen auch ausreichende Verbesserung der Kaltversprödung ergibt sich aufgrund praktischer Versuche bereits bei einem Anteil an organischem Titanat und/oder organischem Zirkonat von 0,2 bis 1 %, vorzugsweise von 0,2 bis 0,5%.A noteworthy and, in most cases, sufficient improvement in cold embrittlement results from practical tests even with a proportion of organic titanate and / or organic zirconate of 0.2 to 1%, preferably 0.2 to 0.5%.
Es ist überraschend, daß mit einem derart geringen Zusatz eine nennenswerte Verbesserung der Kaltversprödung erreicht wird, andererseits wird verständlich, daß durch diese geringe Menge das Abbrandverhalten und die Leistung des Treibladungspulvers praktisch nicht beeinflußt wird.It is surprising that an appreciable improvement in cold embrittlement is achieved with such a small addition. On the other hand, it is understandable that this small amount practically does not influence the combustion behavior and the performance of the propellant charge powder.
Wie bereits eingangs angedeutet, werden dreibasige Treibladungspulver im wesentlichen nach zwei Methoden hergestellt. Bei der ersten Methode werden alkoholfeuchte NC, phlegmatisierte NGL oder das gleichwirkende Sprengöl, kristallines NIGU und ein Lösungsmittel, z.B. Aceton, auf einen diskontinuierlich arbeitenden Kneter aufgegeben, homogenisiert und plastifiziert, gegebenenfalls die plastifizierte Masse zwischengelagert. Diese Masse wird dann zu Treibladungssträngen geformt und anschließend zu Körpern geschnitten oder granuliert. Erfindungsgemäß wird nun dieses Verfahren dahingehend modifiziert, daß das organische Titanat und/oder Zirkonat unmittelbar oder in Mischung mit dem Lösungsmittel dem Knetansatz zugegeben wird. Da es sich bei den organischen Titanaten und Zirkonaten um Flüssigkeiten handelt, lassen sie sich ohne weiteres mit den übrigen Bestandteilen homogen vermischen bzw. in einer Vormischung mit dem Lösungsmittel zugeben.As already indicated at the beginning, three-base propellant charge powders are produced essentially by two methods. In the first method, alcohol-moist NC, desensitized NGL or the explosive oil with the same effect, crystalline NIGU and a solvent, for example acetone, are applied to a batch kneader, homogenized and plasticized, and if necessary the plasticized mass is temporarily stored. This mass is then formed into propellant strands and then cut or granulated into bodies. According to the invention, this method is now modified in such a way that the organic titanate and / or zirconate is used directly or in a mixture with the solution is added to the kneading batch. Since the organic titanates and zirconates are liquids, they can easily be mixed homogeneously with the other constituents or added in a premix with the solvent.
Bei der zweiten Methode, einem kontinuierlichen Verfahren, werden die vorgenannten Komponenten auf einen Extruder gegeben und kontinuierlich zu Treibladungspulversträngen geformt. Auch mit diesem Verfahren lassen sich erfindungsgemäß aufgebaute Treibladungspulver dadurch herstellen, daß das organische Titanat und/oder Zirkonat unmittelbar oder in Mischung mit dem Lösungsmittel oder in Mischung mit diesem und dem NGL bzw. dem gleichwirkenden Sprengöl auf den Extruder aufgegeben wird.In the second method, a continuous process, the aforementioned components are placed on an extruder and continuously formed into propellant powder strands. This method can also be used to produce propellant charge powders constructed in accordance with the invention in that the organic titanate and / or zirconate is applied to the extruder directly or in a mixture with the solvent or in a mixture with this and the NGL or the explosive oil having the same effect.
Die Verbesserung in der Kaltversprödung der erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzten und hergestellten Treibladungspulver wurde durch Belastung von zylindrischen Probekörpern in Achsrichtung und quer dazu mittels eines definierten Fallgewichtes mit definierter Auftreffgeschwindigkeit ähnlich dem Fallhammer-Test zur Messung des mechanischen Entzündungsverhaltens festgestellt. Die Treibladungskörper wurden bei plus 21 °C und minus 40°C mit einem Fallgewicht von 1 kg bei einer Fallhöhe von 0, 2 bis 0,5 m belastet. Es wurden Treibladungspulver-Körper mit 7-Loch-Geometrie untersucht (Durchmesser der Körper 8,6 mm und Länge 19,8 mm bzw. Durchmesser 8,0 mm und Länge 19,0 mm. Gewicht der Einzelkörper 1,30 g bis 1,45 g). Aus den bei Erreichen der Grenzbelastung entstehenden Bruchstükken kann man auf das Kaltversprödungsverhalten schließen. Dreibasige Treibladungspulver üblichen Aufbaus, auch solche mit optimierter NIGU-Kristallform und -größe und Original-Vergleichspulver zeigen bei Erreichen der Grenzbelastung Bruchstücke unterschiedlicher Größe und Geometrie mit insbesondere großem Feinanteil und dünnwandigen Stegen, während erfindungsgemäß zusammengesetzte Treibladungspulver bei der gleichen Grenzbelastung nicht zu Bruch gingen, ja nicht einmal Rißbildungen zeigten. Zur weiteren Beurteilung dienten auch Untersuchungen in der ballistischen Bombe mit speziellen Einbauten.The improvement in cold embrittlement of the propellant charge powders assembled and produced according to the invention was determined by loading cylindrical test specimens in the axial direction and transversely thereto by means of a defined drop weight with a defined impact speed similar to the drop hammer test for measuring the mechanical inflammation behavior. The propellant charge bodies were loaded at plus 21 ° C and minus 40 ° C with a drop weight of 1 kg at a drop height of 0.2 to 0.5 m. Propellant powder bodies with 7-hole geometry were examined (diameter of the bodies 8.6 mm and length 19.8 mm or diameter 8.0 mm and length 19.0 mm. Weight of the individual bodies 1.30 g to 1, 45 g). From the fragments that occur when the limit load is reached, one can infer the cold embrittlement behavior. Conventional three-base propellant powder, even those with an optimized NIGU crystal shape and size and original comparison powder, show fragments of different sizes and geometries with a particularly large proportion of fine particles and thin-walled webs when the limit load is reached, while propellant powder composed according to the invention did not break at the same limit load, didn't even show cracks. Investigations in the ballistic bomb with special internals also served for further assessment.
Neben der Verbesserung im Kaltversprödungsverhalten konnte durch Lagerungsversuche bei 90°C festgestellt werden, daß auch der Gewichtsverlust, der ein Maß für die chemische Stabilität des Treibladungspulvers ist, sehr gering war. Der Gewichtsverlust bewegte sich bei allen untersuchten Proben mit einem Zusatz zwischen 0,2 bis 0,5% an Titanat in etwa gleichen Grenzen und er war überraschenderweise geringer als beim «reinen» Treibladungspulver, woraus zu schließen ist, daß die Zugabe organischer Titanate bzw. Zirkonate die chemische Stabilität sogar etwas verbessert, wohingegen durch Zusatz von Polymeren bis zu 2% ein nennenswert höherer Gewichtsverlust eintritt.In addition to the improvement in cold embrittlement behavior, storage tests at 90 ° C. showed that the weight loss, which is a measure of the chemical stability of the propellant powder, was also very low. The weight loss was roughly the same for all examined samples with an addition between 0.2 to 0.5% of titanate and was surprisingly less than for the "pure" propellant charge powder, from which it can be concluded that the addition of organic titanates or Zirconates even slightly improve the chemical stability, whereas the addition of polymers up to 2% leads to a noticeably higher weight loss.
In den nachfolgenden Tabellen sind einige typische Beispiele für dreibasige Treibladungspulver mit verschiedenen Zusätzen wiedergegeben, bei denen die oben genannten Eigenschaften beobachtet werden konnten.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3532525 | 1985-09-12 | ||
| DE19853532525 DE3532525A1 (en) | 1985-09-12 | 1985-09-12 | THREE-BASED POWDER CHARGING POWDER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0218067A1 EP0218067A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 |
| EP0218067B1 true EP0218067B1 (en) | 1989-10-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86111683A Expired EP0218067B1 (en) | 1985-09-12 | 1986-08-22 | Triple base propellant powder and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4713127A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0218067B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3532525A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6197135B1 (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 2001-03-06 | Kenrich Petrochemicals, Inc. | Enhanced energetic composites |
| ATE119512T1 (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1995-03-15 | Nitrochemie Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A THREE-BASED PROpellant POWDER. |
| DE4012294C1 (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1991-02-14 | Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh, 8261 Aschau, De | |
| DE4233629C2 (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1994-09-15 | Wasagchemie Sythen Gmbh | Process for producing a powder precursor and powder precursor |
| CN100441550C (en) * | 1996-07-22 | 2008-12-10 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generant for air bag |
| US6562161B1 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 2003-05-13 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating compositions for air bag |
| JP2963086B1 (en) | 1997-12-26 | 1999-10-12 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | Gas generator and airbag device for airbag |
| US10252954B1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2019-04-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multi-layered stable propellant composition |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE484613A (en) * | ||||
| DE922815C (en) * | 1951-06-18 | 1955-01-27 | Ici Ltd | Process for the production of blasting gelatin |
| US3186882A (en) * | 1962-01-12 | 1965-06-01 | Holt Erich Von | Nitrocellulose containing explosive compositions and methods of preparing same |
| US3894894A (en) * | 1962-06-08 | 1975-07-15 | Us Navy | Modified double base propellants with diisocyanate crosslinker |
| GB1411936A (en) * | 1967-03-21 | 1975-10-29 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Rocket motors |
| DE2329558C3 (en) * | 1973-06-09 | 1978-10-05 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V., 8000 Muenchen | Pourable gas generator propellants |
| US4486317A (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1984-12-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stabilization of thickened aqueous fluids |
| DE3150290C2 (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1986-06-05 | WNC-Nitrochemie GmbH, 8261 Aschau | Propellant charge powder with a smooth surface coating and a method for production |
| US4597924A (en) * | 1985-10-21 | 1986-07-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tetra-alkyl titanates as bonding agents for thermoplastic propellants |
-
1985
- 1985-09-12 DE DE19853532525 patent/DE3532525A1/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-08-22 DE DE8686111683T patent/DE3666416D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-22 EP EP86111683A patent/EP0218067B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-12 US US06/907,037 patent/US4713127A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3532525C2 (en) | 1988-06-01 |
| EP0218067A1 (en) | 1987-04-15 |
| DE3666416D1 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
| DE3532525A1 (en) | 1987-03-19 |
| US4713127A (en) | 1987-12-15 |
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